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Franco-García A, Gómez-Murcia V, Fernández-Gómez FJ, González-Andreu R, Hidalgo JM, Victoria Milanés M, Núñez C. Morphine-withdrawal aversive memories and their extinction modulate H4K5 acetylation and Brd4 activation in the rat hippocampus and basolateral amygdala. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 165:115055. [PMID: 37356373 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Chromatin modification is a crucial mechanism in several important phenomena in the brain, including drug addiction. Persistence of drug craving and risk of relapse could be attributed to drug-induced epigenetic mechanisms that seem to be candidates explaining long-lasting drug-induced behaviour and molecular alterations. Histone acetylation has been proposed to regulate drug-seeking behaviours and the extinction of rewarding memory of drug taking. In this work, we studied the epigenetic regulation during conditioned place aversion and after extinction of aversive memory of opiate withdrawal. Through immunofluorescence assays, we assessed some epigenetic marks (H4K5ac and p-Brd4) in crucial areas related to memory retrieval -basolateral amygdala (BLA) and hippocampus-. Additionally, to test the degree of transcriptional activation, we evaluated the immediate early genes (IEGs) response (Arc, Bdnf, Creb, Egr-1, Fos and Nfkb) and Smarcc1 (chromatin remodeler) through RT-qPCR in these nuclei. Our results showed increased p-Brd4 and H4K5ac levels during aversive memory retrieval, suggesting a more open chromatin state. However, transcriptional activation of these IEGs was not found, therefore suggesting that other secondary response may already be happening. Additionally, Smarcc1 levels were reduced due to morphine chronic administration in BLA and dentate gyrus. The activation markers returned to control levels after the retrieval of aversive memories, revealing a more repressed chromatin state. Taken together, our results show a major role of the tandem H4K5ac/p-Brd4 during the retrieval of aversive memories. These results might be useful to elucidate new molecular targets to improve and develop pharmacological treatments to address addiction and to avoid drug relapse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurelio Franco-García
- Group of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, CEIR Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, Spain; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) - Pascual Parrilla, Murcia, Spain
| | - Victoria Gómez-Murcia
- Group of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, CEIR Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, Spain; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) - Pascual Parrilla, Murcia, Spain
| | - Francisco José Fernández-Gómez
- Group of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, CEIR Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, Spain; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) - Pascual Parrilla, Murcia, Spain
| | - Raúl González-Andreu
- Group of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, CEIR Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, Spain
| | - Juana M Hidalgo
- Group of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, CEIR Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, Spain; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) - Pascual Parrilla, Murcia, Spain
| | - M Victoria Milanés
- Group of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, CEIR Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, Spain; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) - Pascual Parrilla, Murcia, Spain.
| | - Cristina Núñez
- Group of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, CEIR Campus Mare Nostrum, University of Murcia, Spain; Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB) - Pascual Parrilla, Murcia, Spain.
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Shao D, Jiang D, Huang Q, Ren S, Li J, Xiao J, Guan Y, Lai B, Zhao J, Xie F, Hua F. Brain glucose metabolism and dopamine transporter changes in rats with morphine-induced conditioned place preference. Addict Biol 2023; 28:e13277. [PMID: 37186440 DOI: 10.1111/adb.13277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 12/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Addiction to morphine is a chronic brain disease leading to compulsive abuse. Drug addiction animal models with and without conditioned place preference (CPP) training have been used to investigate cue-elicited drug craving. We used 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18 F-FDG) and 11 C-2-β-carbomethoxy-3-β-(4-fluorophenyl)tropane (11 C-CFT) micro-PET/CT scans to examine the regional changes in brain glucose metabolism and dopamine transporter (DAT) availability to study their relationship underlying drug memory in morphine-treated rat models with and without CPP. Standardized uptake value ratio (SUVr) of 18 F-FDG significantly decreased in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and cingulate with short-term morphine administration compared with the baseline condition. Voxelwise analysis indicated glucose metabolism alterations in the somatosensory cortex, hippocampus and cingulate in morphine-treated rats and in the striatum, thalamus, medial prefrontal cortex, primary motor cortex and many regions in the cortex in the CPP group compared with the baseline condition. Alterative glucose metabolism was also observed in the striatum, primary somatosensory cortex and some cortical regions in the CPP group compared with morphine alone group. DAT expression alterations were only observed in the long-term morphine compared with the short-term morphine group. This study shows that cerebral glucose metabolism significantly altered during morphine administration and CPP process mainly in the mPFC, striatum and hippocampus, which indicates that the function of these brain regions is involved in cue-induced craving and memory retrieval.
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Affiliation(s)
- Da Shao
- Research Center of Translational Medicine, Shanghai Children's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Donglang Jiang
- Department of Nuclear Medcine & PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qi Huang
- Department of Nuclear Medcine & PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Shuhua Ren
- Department of Nuclear Medcine & PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Junpeng Li
- Department of Nuclear Medcine & PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jianfei Xiao
- Department of Nuclear Medcine & PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yihui Guan
- Department of Nuclear Medcine & PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bin Lai
- Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fang Xie
- Department of Nuclear Medcine & PET Center, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fengchun Hua
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Longhua Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Thiagarajan SK, Mok SY, Ogawa S, Parhar IS, Tang PY. Integrative Roles of Dopamine Pathway and Calcium Channels Reveal a Link between Schizophrenia and Opioid Use Disorder. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24. [PMID: 36835497 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24044088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Several theories have been proposed to explain the mechanisms of substance use in schizophrenia. Brain neurons pose a potential to provide novel insights into the association between opioid addiction, withdrawal, and schizophrenia. Thus, we exposed zebrafish larvae at 2 days post-fertilization (dpf) to domperidone (DPM) and morphine, followed by morphine withdrawal. Drug-induced locomotion and social preference were assessed, while the level of dopamine and the number of dopaminergic neurons were quantified. In the brain tissue, the expression levels of genes associated with schizophrenia were measured. The effects of DMP and morphine were compared to vehicle control and MK-801, a positive control to mimic schizophrenia. Gene expression analysis revealed that α1C, α1Sa, α1Aa, drd2a, and th1 were up-regulated after 10 days of exposure to DMP and morphine, while th2 was down-regulated. These two drugs also increased the number of positive dopaminergic neurons and the total dopamine level but reduced the locomotion and social preference. The termination of morphine exposure led to the up-regulation of th2, drd2a, and c-fos during the withdrawal phase. Our integrated data implicate that the dopamine system plays a key role in the deficits in social behavior and locomotion that are common in the schizophrenia-like symptoms and opioid dependence.
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Cantero-García N, Flores-Burgess A, Pineda-Gómez JP, Orio L, Serrano A, Díaz-Cabiale Z, Millón C. Galanin N-terminal fragment (1−15) reduces alcohol seeking and alcohol relapse in rats: Involvement of mesocorticolimbic system. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113508. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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Carpenter MD, Manners MT, Heller EA, Blendy JA. Adolescent oxycodone exposure inhibits withdrawal-induced expression of genes associated with the dopamine transmission. Addict Biol 2021; 26:e12994. [PMID: 33325096 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Prescription opioid misuse is a major public health concern among children and adolescents in the United States. Opioids are the most commonly abused drugs and are the fastest growing drug problem among adolescents. In humans and animals, adolescence is a particularly sensitive period associated with an increased response to drugs of abuse. Our previous studies indicate that oxycodone exposure during adolescence increases morphine reward in adulthood. How early drug exposure mediates long-term changes in the brain and behavior is not known, but epigenetic regulation is a likely mechanism. To address this question, we exposed mice to oxycodone or saline during adolescence and examined epigenetic modifications at genes associated with dopamine activity during adulthood at early and late withdrawal, in the ventral tegmental area (VTA). We then compared these with alterations in the VTA of adult-treated mice following an equivalent duration of exposure and withdrawal to determine if the effects of oxycodone are age dependent. We observed persistence of adolescent-like gene expression following adolescent oxycodone exposure relative to age-matched saline exposed controls, although dopamine-related gene expression was transiently activated at 1 day of withdrawal. Following prolonged withdrawal enrichment of the repressive histone mark, H3K27me3, was maintained, consistent with inhibition of gene regulation following adolescent exposure. By contrast, mice exposed to oxycodone as adults showed loss of the repressive mark and increased gene expression following 28 days of withdrawal following oxycodone exposure. Together, our findings provide evidence that adolescent oxycodone exposure has long-term epigenetic consequences in VTA of the developing brain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco D. Carpenter
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
- Penn Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
| | - Melissa T. Manners
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
- Department of Biological Sciences University of the Sciences Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
| | - Elizabeth A. Heller
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
- Penn Epigenetics Institute, Perelman School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
| | - Julie A. Blendy
- Department of Systems Pharmacology and Translational Therapeutics University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
- Institute for Translational Medicine and Therapeutics University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia Pennsylvania USA
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Partington HS, Nutter JM, Eells JB. Nurr1 deficiency shortens free running period, enhances photoentrainment to phase advance, and disrupts circadian cycling of the dopamine neuron phenotype. Behav Brain Res 2021; 411:113347. [PMID: 33991560 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbr.2021.113347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2020] [Revised: 05/04/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders, including addiction, schizophrenia, and Parkinson's disease (PD), involve dysfunction in midbrain dopamine (DA) neurotransmission with severity of disease symptoms and progression associated with disrupted circadian rhythms. The nuclear transcription factor Nurr1, essential for DA neuron (DAN) development, survival, and maintenance, is also known to interact with circadian rhythm regulating clock proteins. In the Nurr1-null heterozygous (+/-) mice, a Nurr1 deficient model which reproduces some of the alterations in DA function found in schizophrenia and PD, we measured, using wheel-running activity, the free running period (tau) and photoperiod entrainment. Because Nurr1 has a role in regulating the DA phenotype, we also measured the circadian fluctuations in the number of DANs using tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunofluorescence. In Nurr1 +/- mice, tau was significantly shorter and entrainment to a 6 h earlier shift in the dark cycle was accelerated. The Nurr1 wild-type (+/+) mice cycled DAN numbers across time, with a significantly greater number (∼2-fold increase) of DANs at zeitgeber time (ZT) 0 than ZT12. The +/- mice, however, did not cycle the DA phenotype, as no differences in DAN numbers were observed between ZT0 and ZT12. Additionally, the +/- mice had significantly fewer DANs at ZT0 but not at ZT12 as compared to +/+ mice. Based these data, circadian rhythms and fluctuations in the DA phenotype requires normal Nurr1 function. A better understanding is needed of the mechanisms regulating the DA phenotype and subsequent neurotransmission across the circadian cycle and how this is altered in circadian rhythm and DA neurotransmission-associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heath S Partington
- East Carolina University, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Brody School of Medicine, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Jennifer Makenzie Nutter
- East Carolina University, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Brody School of Medicine, Greenville, NC, USA
| | - Jeffrey B Eells
- East Carolina University, Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Brody School of Medicine, Greenville, NC, USA.
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Zhang H, Wang Q, Wang Q, Liu A, Qin F, Sun Q, Li Q, Gu Y, Tang Z, Lu S, Lu Z. Circular RNA expression profiling in the nucleus accumbens: Effects of electroacupuncture treatment on morphine-induced conditioned place preference. Addict Biol 2020; 25:e12794. [PMID: 31240833 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/23/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Electroacupuncture (EA) has been developed on the basis of traditional Chinese acupuncture. EA can suppress craving in opioid addicts and opioid-seeking responses in rodents. However, the molecular mechanism of EA on the rewarding properties of morphine and craving responses is not known. Here, we have applied a conditioned place preference paradigm in mice to measure morphine-induced rewarding effects along with EA treatment. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) can function as micro RNA (miRNA) sponges to effectively regulate gene expression levels. CircRNA profiling within the nucleus accumbens (NAc) was performed in EA-treated and sham-treated mice. Following RNAseq, data were analyzed by gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia Genes and Genomes (KEGG) tools. We identified 112 significantly differentially expressed circRNAs, including 51 that were up-regulated and 61 that were down-regulated. Our bioinformatics analyses show that these differentially expressed circRNAs map into pathways that are mainly involved with renin secretion and the cGMP-PKG signaling. We further constructed a circRNA-miRNA network that predicts the potential roles of the differentially expressed circRNAs and the interaction of circRNAs with miRNAs. Our secondary sequencing and bioinformatics analysis in the NAc after EA treatment on morphine-induced CPP provides putative novel targets on molecular mechanisms involved in morphine reinforcement and possibly craving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Zhang
- First Clinical Medical College Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine China
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine China
| | - Qian Wang
- International Education college Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine China
| | - Qisheng Wang
- First Clinical Medical College Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine China
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine China
| | - Anlong Liu
- First Clinical Medical College Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine China
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine China
| | - Fenfen Qin
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine China
- College of Pharmacy Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine China
| | - Qinmei Sun
- First Clinical Medical College Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine China
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine China
| | - Qian Li
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine China
| | - Yun Gu
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine China
| | - Zongxiang Tang
- School of Medicine and Life Science Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine China
| | - Shengfeng Lu
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine China
| | - Zhigang Lu
- Key Laboratory of Acupuncture and Medicine Research of Ministry of Education Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine China
- College of Pharmacy Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine China
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Rohbani K, Sabzevari S, Sadat-Shirazi MS, Nouri Zadeh-Tehrani S, Ashabi G, Khalifeh S, Ale-Ebrahim M, Zarrindast MR. Parental morphine exposure affects repetitive grooming actions and marble burying behavior in the offspring: Potential relevance for obsessive-compulsive like behavior. Eur J Pharmacol 2019; 865:172757. [PMID: 31693870 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2019] [Revised: 10/05/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Family, adoption and twin studies have highlighted the significant role of heritable influences on individual differences in opioid addiction. Meanwhile, obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a disorder wherein the individual experiences recurring thoughts that cause irrational fears and anxiety. In the present study, adult male and female rats received morphine solution for 21 days and were drug-free for 10 days. Offspring were used in 4 distinct groups; (1) paternal morphine-exposed, (2) maternal morphine-exposed, (3) maternal and paternal morphine-exposed, and (4) drug-naïve subjects. We assessed the grooming behavior and marble burying test as an indicator of obsessive-compulsive behavior. To clarify the mechanisms underlying these changes, the mRNA level of BDNF, the phosphorylation level of CREB and the protein level of D2 dopamine receptor (DR) were evaluated in the nucleus accumbens (NAc). The grooming behavior in male offspring with one or two morphine-abstinent parent(s) increased compared with the offspring of drug naïve rats. In addition, the offspring of morphine-exposed parents buried more marbles when compared with the offspring of drug-naïve parents. Also, the BDNF mRNA was down-regulated in the NAC. However, the levels of phospho-CREB and D2 DR were elevated. Previous studies indicated that exposure to morphine in adulthood enhances the risk of psychiatric disorders in offspring. OCD is one the comorbid disorders with addiction and increases the risk of substance abuse disorder in patients. In this survey, we found that morphine exposure in parents before gestation can encourage obsessive-compulsive behavior in offspring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiyana Rohbani
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saba Sabzevari
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | - Ghorbangol Ashabi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Solmaz Khalifeh
- Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahsa Ale-Ebrahim
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad-Reza Zarrindast
- Iranian National Center for Addiction Studies, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Cognitive and Neuroscience Research Center (CNRC), Tehran Medical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Institute, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
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Millón C, Flores-Burgess A, Gago B, Alén F, Orio L, García-Durán L, Narváez JA, Fuxe K, Santín L, Díaz-Cabiale Z. Role of the galanin N-terminal fragment (1-15) in anhedonia: Involvement of the dopaminergic mesolimbic system. J Psychopharmacol 2019; 33:737-747. [PMID: 31081442 DOI: 10.1177/0269881119844188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anhedonia is a core feature of depressive disorders. The galanin N-terminal fragment (1-15) plays a role in mood regulation since it induces depression and anxiogenic-like effects in rats. In this study, we analysed galanin N-terminal fragment (1-15) actions in anhedonic-like behaviours in rats using operant and non-operant tests and the areas involved with these effects. METHODS Galanin N-terminal fragment (1-15) effects were analysed in saccharin self-administration, sucrose preference, novelty-suppressed feeding and female urine sniffing tests. The areas involved in galanin N-terminal fragment (1-15)-mediated effects were studied with positron emission tomography for in vivo imaging, and we analysed the ventral tegmental area and nucleus accumbens. Galanin N-terminal fragment (1-15) had effects on the mRNA expression of the dopamine transporters Dat and Vmat2; the C-Fos gene; the dopamine receptors D1, D2, D3, D5; and the galanin receptors 1 and 2. RESULTS Galanin N-terminal fragment (1-15) at a concentration of 3 nmol induced a strong anhedonia-like phenotype in all tests. The involvement of galanin receptor 2 was demonstrated with the galanin receptor 2 antagonist M871 (3 nmol). The 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography images indicated the action of galanin N-terminal fragment (1-15) over several nuclei of the limbic system. Galanin N-terminal fragment (1-15)-mediated effects also involved changes in the expression of Dat, Vmat2, D3 and galanin receptors in the ventral tegmental area as well as the expression of C-Fos, D1, D2 and D3 and TH immunoreactivity in the nucleus accumbens. CONCLUSIONS Our results indicated that galanin N-terminal fragment (1-15) exerts strong anhedonic-like effects and that this effect was accompanied by changes in the dopaminergic mesolimbic system. These results may provide a basis for the development of novel therapeutic strategies using galanin N-terminal fragment (1-15) analogues for the treatment of depression and reward-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmelo Millón
- 1 Universidad de Málaga, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071, Málaga, Spain.,2 Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología en Ciencias del Comportamiento, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Flores-Burgess
- 1 Universidad de Málaga, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071, Málaga, Spain
| | - Belén Gago
- 1 Universidad de Málaga, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071, Málaga, Spain
| | - Francisco Alén
- 2 Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología en Ciencias del Comportamiento, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Orio
- 2 Departamento de Psicobiología y Metodología en Ciencias del Comportamiento, Facultad de Psicología, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura García-Durán
- 1 Universidad de Málaga, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071, Málaga, Spain
| | - José A Narváez
- 1 Universidad de Málaga, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071, Málaga, Spain
| | - Kjell Fuxe
- 3 Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Luis Santín
- 4 Universidad de Málaga, Facultad de Psicología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071, Málaga, Spain
| | - Zaida Díaz-Cabiale
- 1 Universidad de Málaga, Facultad de Medicina, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de Málaga, Universidad de Málaga, Campus de Teatinos s/n, 29071, Málaga, Spain
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Mulvihill KG. Presynaptic regulation of dopamine release: Role of the DAT and VMAT2 transporters. Neurochem Int 2018; 122:94-105. [PMID: 30465801 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuint.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2018] [Revised: 10/28/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The signaling dynamics of the neurotransmitter dopamine has been established to have an important role in a variety of behavioural processes including motor control, cognition, and emotional processing. Key regulators of transmitter release and the signaling dynamics of dopamine are the plasma membrane reuptake transporter (DAT) and the vesicular monoamine transporter (VMAT2). These proteins serve to remove dopamine molecules from the extracellular and cytosolic space, respectively and both determine the amount of transmitter released from synaptic vesicles. This review provides an overview of how these transporter proteins are involved in molecular regulation and function together to govern the dynamics of vesicular release with opposing effects on the quantal size and extracellular concentration of dopamine. These transporter proteins are both focal points of convergence for a variety of regulatory molecular cascades as well as targets for many pharmacological agents. The ratio between these transporters is argued to be useful as a molecular marker for delineating dopamine functional subsystems that may differ in transmitter release patterns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin G Mulvihill
- Department of Psychology, Brock University, St. Catharines, ON, L2S 3A1, Canada.
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Sadat-Shirazi MS, Zarrindast MR, Daneshparvar H, Ziaie A, Fekri M, Abbasnezhad E, Ashabi G, Khalifeh S, Vousooghi N. Alteration of dopamine receptors subtypes in the brain of opioid abusers: A postmortem study in Iran. Neurosci Lett 2018; 687:169-176. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2018.09.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 06/30/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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Li C, Tu G, Luo C, Guo Y, Fang M, Zhu C, Li H, Ou J, Zhou Y, Liu W, Yung KKL, Mo Z. Effects of rhynchophylline on the hippocampal miRNA expression profile in ketamine-addicted rats. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2018; 86:379-389. [PMID: 29476799 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Revised: 02/01/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
In the past few years, ketamine, a noncompetitive NMDA antagonist, has been widely abused worldwide as a new type of synthetic drug, severely affecting the physical and mental health of ketamine abusers. Previous studies have suggested that rhynchophylline can alleviate drug abuse and reverse the conditioned place preference caused by the abuse. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are important factors regulating gene expression and are involved in the drug addiction process. The hippocampus is a critical area in the brain involved in causing drug addiction. However, the hippocampal miRNA expression profile and the effects of rhynchophylline on miRNA expression during ketamine abuse have not been reported. Thus, this study analyzed the hippocampal miRNA expression profile during ketamine-dependence formation and the effects of rhynchophylline on the differential expression of miRNAs induced by ketamine. The results of microarray analysis suggested that the expression levels of miR-331-5p were significantly different among three groups (the control, ketamine, and ketamine + rhynchophylline groups). miR-331-5p levels were significantly decreased in the ketamine model group and were upregulated in the ketamine + rhynchophylline group. Bioinformatics analysis of miR-331-5p and the 3' UTR of nuclear receptor related 1 protein (Nurr1) identified binding sites and showed downregulation, and the overexpression of miR-331-5p in hippocampal tissues showed that miR-331-5p is a negative transcription regulatory factor of Nurr1. Interestingly, we found that the downstream protein of Nurr1, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), showed identical expression trends in the hippocampus as Nurr1. However, the transcription of the protein upstream of Nurr1, cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element-binding protein (CREB), did not show any significant differences between the ketamine group and the ketamine + rhynchophylline group. However, after rhynchophylline intervention, p-CREB showed significant differences between the ketamine and the ketamine + rhynchophylline groups. In summary, miR-331-5p is a key regulatory factor of Nurr1, and rhynchophylline can participate in the process of resistance to ketamine addiction through the miR-331-5p/Nurr1/BDNF pathway or inhibition of CREB phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Genghong Tu
- Key Laboratory of Functional Proteomics of Guangdong Province, Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Southern Medical University, China
| | - Chaohua Luo
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Youli Guo
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial Corps Hospital of Chinese People's Armed Police Forces, China
| | - Miao Fang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Chen Zhu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Hancheng Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Jinying Ou
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Yuting Zhou
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Wei Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Ken Kin Lam Yung
- Department of Biology, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon Tong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Zhixian Mo
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China.
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Kim J, Lee S, Kang S, Jeon TI, Kang MJ, Lee TH, Kim YS, Kim KS, Im HI, Moon C. Regulator of G-Protein Signaling 4 (RGS4) Controls Morphine Reward by Glutamate Receptor Activation in the Nucleus Accumbens of Mouse Brain. Mol Cells 2018; 41:454-464. [PMID: 29754475 PMCID: PMC5974622 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2018.0023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Crosstalk between G-protein signaling and glutamatergic transmission within the brain reward circuits is critical for long-term emotional effects (depression and anxiety), cravings, and negative withdrawal symptoms associated with opioid addiction. A previous study showed that Regulator of G-protein signaling 4 (RGS4) may be implicated in opiate action in the nucleus accumbens (NAc). However, the mechanism of the NAc-specific RGS4 actions that induce the behavioral responses to opiates remains largely unknown. The present study used a short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated knock-down of RGS4 in the NAc of the mouse brain to investigate the relationship between the activation of ionotropic glutamate receptors and RGS4 in the NAc during morphine reward. Additionally, the shRNA-mediated RGS4 knock-down was implemented in NAc/striatal primary-cultured neurons to investigate the role that striatal neurons have in the morphine-induced activation of ionotropic glutamate receptors. The results of this study show that the NAc-specific knockdown of RGS4 significantly increased the behaviors associated with morphine and did so by phosphorylation of the GluR1 (Ser831) and NR2A (Tyr1325) glutamate receptors in the NAc. Furthermore, the knock-down of RGS4 enhanced the phosphorylation of the GluR1 and NR2A glutamate receptors in the primary NAc/striatal neurons during spontaneous morphine withdrawal. These findings show a novel molecular mechanism of RGS4 in glutamatergic transmission that underlies the negative symptoms associated with morphine administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhwan Kim
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 Plus Project Team, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186,
Korea
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792,
Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine (BK21plus), Chonnam National University Graduate School, Gwangju 61186,
Korea
| | - Sueun Lee
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 Plus Project Team, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186,
Korea
| | - Sohi Kang
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 Plus Project Team, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186,
Korea
| | - Tae-Il Jeon
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186,
Korea
| | - Man-Jong Kang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Agriculture and Life Science, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186,
Korea
| | - Tae-Hoon Lee
- Department of Oral Biochemistry, Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186,
Korea
- Department of Molecular Medicine (BK21plus), Chonnam National University Graduate School, Gwangju 61186,
Korea
| | - Yong Sik Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul 08826,
Korea
| | - Key-Sun Kim
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792,
Korea
- Center for Neuroscience, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792,
Korea
| | - Heh-In Im
- Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment and Care System of Dementia, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792,
Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science and Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology, Seoul 02792,
Korea
- Center for Neuroscience, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792,
Korea
| | - Changjong Moon
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, College of Veterinary Medicine and BK21 Plus Project Team, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186,
Korea
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Montagud-Romero S, Nuñez C, Blanco-Gandia MC, Martínez-Laorden E, Aguilar MA, Navarro-Zaragoza J, Almela P, Milanés MV, Laorden ML, Miñarro J, Rodríguez-Arias M. Repeated social defeat and the rewarding effects of cocaine in adult and adolescent mice: dopamine transcription factors, proBDNF signaling pathways, and the TrkB receptor in the mesolimbic system. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2017; 234:2063-2075. [PMID: 28466092 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-017-4612-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/25/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Repeated social defeat (RSD) increases the rewarding effects of cocaine in adolescent and adult rodents. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present study was to compare the long-term effects of RSD on the conditioned rewarding effects of cocaine and levels of the transcription factors Pitx3 and Nurr1 in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), the dopamine transporter (DAT), the D2 dopamine receptor (D2DR) and precursor of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (proBDNF) signaling pathways, and the tropomyosin-related kinase B (TrkB) receptor in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) in adult and adolescent mice. METHODS Male adolescent and young adult OF1 mice were exposed to four episodes of social defeat and were conditioned 3 weeks later with 1 mg/kg of cocaine. In a second set of mice, the expressions of the abovementioned dopaminergic and proBDNF and TrkB receptor were measured in VTA and NAc, respectively. RESULTS Adolescent mice experienced social defeats less intensely than their adult counterparts and produced lower levels of corticosterone. However, both adult and adolescent defeated mice developed conditioned place preference for the compartment associated with this low dose of cocaine. Furthermore, only adolescent defeated mice displayed diminished levels of the transcription factors Pitx3 in the VTA, without changes in the expression of DAT and D2DR in the NAc. In addition, stressed adult mice showed a decreased expression of proBDNF and the TrkB receptor, while stressed adolescent mice exhibited increased expression of latter without changes in the former. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that dopaminergic pathways and proBDNF signaling and TrkB receptors play different roles in social defeat-stressed mice exposed to cocaine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Montagud-Romero
- Department of Psychobiology, Facultad de Psicología, Universitat de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Cristina Nuñez
- Murcia Research Institute of Health Sciences (IMIB) and Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - M Carmen Blanco-Gandia
- Department of Psychobiology, Facultad de Psicología, Universitat de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010, Valencia, Spain
| | - Elena Martínez-Laorden
- Murcia Research Institute of Health Sciences (IMIB) and Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - María A Aguilar
- Department of Psychobiology, Facultad de Psicología, Universitat de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010, Valencia, Spain.,Red Tematica de Investigacion Cooperativa en Salud (RETICS-Trastornos Adictivos), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, Madrid, Spain
| | - Javier Navarro-Zaragoza
- Murcia Research Institute of Health Sciences (IMIB) and Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Pilar Almela
- Murcia Research Institute of Health Sciences (IMIB) and Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Maria-Victoria Milanés
- Murcia Research Institute of Health Sciences (IMIB) and Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.,Red Tematica de Investigacion Cooperativa en Salud (RETICS-Trastornos Adictivos), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, Madrid, Spain
| | - María-Luisa Laorden
- Murcia Research Institute of Health Sciences (IMIB) and Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.,Red Tematica de Investigacion Cooperativa en Salud (RETICS-Trastornos Adictivos), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, Madrid, Spain
| | - José Miñarro
- Department of Psychobiology, Facultad de Psicología, Universitat de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010, Valencia, Spain.,Red Tematica de Investigacion Cooperativa en Salud (RETICS-Trastornos Adictivos), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, Madrid, Spain
| | - Marta Rodríguez-Arias
- Department of Psychobiology, Facultad de Psicología, Universitat de Valencia, Avda. Blasco Ibáñez, 21, 46010, Valencia, Spain. .,Red Tematica de Investigacion Cooperativa en Salud (RETICS-Trastornos Adictivos), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, MICINN and FEDER, Madrid, Spain.
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Gracia-Rubio I, Martinez-Laorden E, Moscoso-Castro M, Milanés MV, Laorden ML, Valverde O. Maternal Separation Impairs Cocaine-Induced Behavioural Sensitization in Adolescent Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0167483. [PMID: 27936186 PMCID: PMC5147915 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0167483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Adverse early-life conditions induce persistent disturbances that give rise to negative emotional states. Therefore, early life stress confers increased vulnerability to substance use disorders, mainly during adolescence as the brain is still developing. In this study, we investigated the consequences of maternal separation, a model of maternal neglect, on the psychotropic effects of cocaine and the neuroplasticity of the dopaminergic system. Our results show that mice exposed to maternal separation displayed attenuated behavioural sensitization, while no changes were found in the rewarding effects of cocaine in the conditioned place preference paradigm and in the reinforcing effects of cocaine in the self-administration paradigm. The evaluation of neuroplasticity in the striatal dopaminergic pathways revealed that mice exposed to maternal separation exhibited decreased protein expression levels of D2 receptors and increased levels of the transcriptional factor Nurr1. Furthermore, animals exposed to maternal separation and treated with cocaine exhibited increased DA turnover and protein expression levels of DAT and D2R, while decreased Nurr1 and Pitx3 protein expression levels were observed when compared with saline-treated mice. Taken together, our data demonstrate that maternal separation caused an impairment of cocaine-induced behavioural sensitization possibly due to a dysfunction of the dopaminergic system, a dysfunction that has been proposed as a factor of vulnerability for developing substance use disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Gracia-Rubio
- Neurobiology of Behavior Research Group (GReNeC). Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Martinez-Laorden
- Group of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
| | - Maria Moscoso-Castro
- Neurobiology of Behavior Research Group (GReNeC). Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. Victoria Milanés
- Group of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
| | - M. Luisa Laorden
- Group of Cellular and Molecular Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
- Instituto Murciano de Investigación Biosanitaria (IMIB), Murcia, Spain
| | - Olga Valverde
- Neurobiology of Behavior Research Group (GReNeC). Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Spain
- Neuroscience Research Program. IMIM (Hospital del Mar Research Institute) Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail:
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