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Rezaei S, Nilforoushzadeh MA, Amirkhani MA, Moghadasali R, Taghiabadi E, Nasrabadi D. Preclinical and Clinical Studies on the Use of Extracellular Vesicles Derived from Mesenchymal Stem Cells in the Treatment of Chronic Wounds. Mol Pharm 2024. [PMID: 38728585 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c01121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
To date, the widespread implementation of therapeutic strategies for the treatment of chronic wounds, including debridement, infection control, and the use of grafts and various dressings, has been time-consuming and accompanied by many challenges, with definite success not yet achieved. Extensive studies on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have led to suggestions for their use in treating various diseases. Given the existing barriers to utilizing such cells and numerous pieces of evidence indicating the crucial role of the paracrine signaling system in treatments involving MSCs, extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from these cells have garnered significant attention in treating chronic wounds in recent years. This review begins with a general overview of current methods for chronic wound treatment, followed by an exploration of EV structure, biogenesis, extraction methods, and characterization. Subsequently, utilizing databases such as Google Scholar, PubMed, and ScienceDirect, we have explored the latest findings regarding the role of EVs in the healing of chronic wounds, particularly diabetic and burn wounds. In this context, the role and mode of action of these nanoparticles in healing chronic wounds through mechanisms such as oxygen level elevation, oxidative stress damage reduction, angiogenesis promotion, macrophage polarization assistance, etc., as well as the use of EVs as carriers for engineered nucleic acids, have been investigated. The upcoming challenges in translating EV-based treatments for healing chronic wounds, along with possible approaches to address these challenges, are discussed. Additionally, clinical trial studies in this field are also covered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soheila Rezaei
- Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan 3514799422, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan 3514799422Iran
| | - Mohammad Ali Nilforoushzadeh
- Skin and Stem Cell Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1416753955, Iran
- Skin Repair Research Center, Jordan Dermatology and Hair Transplantation Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1516745811, Iran
| | - Mohammad Amir Amirkhani
- Skin and Stem Cell Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1416753955, Iran
| | - Reza Moghadasali
- Department of Stem Cells and Developmental Biology, Cell Science Research Center, Royan Institute for Stem Cell Biology and Technology, ACECR, Tehran 16635148, Iran
| | - Ehsan Taghiabadi
- Skin and Stem Cell Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1416753955, Iran
- Skin Repair Research Center, Jordan Dermatology and Hair Transplantation Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1516745811, Iran
| | - Davood Nasrabadi
- Nervous System Stem Cells Research Center, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan 3514799422, Iran
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan 3514799422Iran
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Santillán-Guaján SM, Shahi MH, Castresana JS. Mesenchymal-Stem-Cell-Based Therapy against Gliomas. Cells 2024; 13:617. [PMID: 38607056 PMCID: PMC11011546 DOI: 10.3390/cells13070617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most aggressive, malignant, and lethal brain tumor of the central nervous system. Its poor prognosis lies in its inefficient response to currently available treatments that consist of surgical resection, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Recently, the use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) as a possible kind of cell therapy against glioblastoma is gaining great interest due to their immunomodulatory properties, tumor tropism, and differentiation into other cell types. However, MSCs seem to present both antitumor and pro-tumor properties depending on the tissue from which they come. In this work, the possibility of using MSCs to deliver therapeutic genes, oncolytic viruses, and miRNA is presented, as well as strategies that can improve their therapeutic efficacy against glioblastoma, such as CAR-T cells, nanoparticles, and exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sisa M. Santillán-Guaján
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra School of Sciences, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
| | - Mehdi H. Shahi
- Interdisciplinary Brain Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India;
| | - Javier S. Castresana
- Department of Biochemistry and Genetics, University of Navarra School of Sciences, 31008 Pamplona, Spain;
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Karkehabadi H, Rahmati A, Abbaspourrokni H, Farmany A, Najafi R, Behroozi R, Rezaei-Soufi L, Abbasi R. Effect of magnesium oxide nanoparticles and LED irradiation on the viability and differentiation of human stem cells of the apical papilla. Biotechnol Lett 2024; 46:263-278. [PMID: 38326543 DOI: 10.1007/s10529-024-03471-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Currently, regenerative endodontic treatments are gaining more and more attention, and stem cells play a significant role in these treatments. In order to enhance stem cell proliferation and differentiation, a variety of methods and materials have been used. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of magnesium oxide nanoparticles and LED irradiation on the survival and differentiation of human stem cells from apical papilla. METHODS The MTT test was used to measure the cell survival of SCAPs that had been exposed to different concentrations of magnesium oxide nanoparticles after 24 and 48 h, and the concentration with the highest cell survival rate was picked for further studies. The cells were classified into four distinct groups based on their treatment: (1) control, which received no exposure, (2) exposure to magnesium oxide nanoparticles, (3) exposure to light emitting diode (LED) irradiation (635 nm, 200 mW/cm2) for 30 s, (4) exposure simultaneously with magnesium oxide nanoparticles and LED irradiation. A green approach was employed to synthesize magnesium oxide nanoparticles. Quantitative real time PCR was used to measure the gene expression of osteo/odontogenic markers such as BSP, DSPP, ALP and DMP1 in all four groups after treatment, and Alizarin red S staining (ARS) was used to determine the osteogenic differentiation of SCAPs by demonstrating the Matrix mineralization. RESULTS The highest viability of SCAPs was observed after 24 h in concentration 1 and 10 µg/mL and after 48 h in concentration 1 µg/mL, which were not significantly different from the control group. In both times, the survival of SCAPs decreased with increasing concentration of magnesium oxide nanoparticles (MgONPs). According to the results of Real-time PCR, after 24 and 48 h, the highest differentiation of BSP, DMP1, ALP and DSPP genes was observed in the LED + MgONPs group, followed by MgONPs and then LED, and in all 3 experimental groups, it was significantly higher than control group (P < 0.05). Also, after 24 and 48 h, the density of ARS increased in all groups compared to the control group, and the highest density was observed in the MgONPs + LED and MgONPs groups. CONCLUSION This research concluded that exposure to SCAPs, MgONPs, and LED irradiation has a significant effect on enhancing gene expression of odontogenic/osteogenic markers and increasing matrix mineralization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hamed Karkehabadi
- Department of Endodontics, Dental Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Rahmati
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Hadiseh Abbaspourrokni
- Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
| | - Abbas Farmany
- Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Rezvan Najafi
- Department of Medical Molecular and Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | | | - Loghman Rezaei-Soufi
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Dental Research Center, School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Roshanak Abbasi
- Department of Endodontics, Dental Research Center, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran.
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Lorestan University of Medical Sciences, Khorramabad, Iran.
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He H, Yang YH, Yang X, Huang Y. The growth factor multimodality on treating human dental mesenchymal stem cells: a systematic review. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:290. [PMID: 38429689 PMCID: PMC10905837 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04013-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ensuring the quantity, quality, and efficacy of human dental mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) has become an urgent problem as their applications increase. Growth factors (GFs) have low toxicity, good biocompatibility, and regulate stem cell survival and differentiation. They bind to specific receptors on target cells, initiating signal transduction and triggering biological functions. So far, relatively few studies have been conducted to summarize the effect of different GFs on the application of dental MSCs. We have reviewed the literature from the past decade to examine the effectiveness and mechanism of applying one or multiple GFs to human dental MSCs. Our review is based on the premise that a single dental MSC cannot fulfill all applications and that different dental MSCs react differently to GFs. METHODS A search for published articles was carried out using the Web of Science core collection and PubMed. The study was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA 2020) guidelines. This review considered studies from 2014 to 2023 that examined the effects of GFs on human dental MSCs. The final selection of articles was made on the 15th of July 2023. RESULTS Three thousand eight hundred sixty-seven pieces of literature were gathered for this systematic review initially, only 56 of them were selected based on their focus on the effects of GFs during the application of human dental MSCs. Out of the 56, 32 literature pieces were focused on a single growth factor while 24 were focused on multiple growth factors. This study shows that GFs can regulate human dental MSCs through a multi-way processing manner. CONCLUSION Multimodal treatment of GFs can effectively regulate human dental MSCs, ensuring stem cell quality, quantity, and curative effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiying He
- School of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Yun-Hsuan Yang
- School of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China
| | - Xuesong Yang
- Clinical Research Center, Clifford Hospital, Guangzhou, 511495, China.
| | - Yue Huang
- School of Stomatology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, 510632, China.
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Shah P, Aghazadeh M, Rajasingh S, Dixon D, Jain V, Rajasingh J. Stem cells in regenerative dentistry: Current understanding and future directions. J Oral Biosci 2024:S1349-0079(24)00019-7. [PMID: 38403241 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2024.02.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Regenerative dentistry aims to enhance the structure and function of oral tissues and organs. Modern tissue engineering harnesses cell and gene-based therapies to advance traditional treatment approaches. Studies have demonstrated the potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in regenerative dentistry, with some progressing to clinical trials. This review comprehensively examines animal studies that have utilized MSCs for various therapeutic applications. Additionally, it seeks to bridge the gap between related findings and the practical implementation of MSC therapies, offering insights into the challenges and translational aspects involved in transitioning from preclinical research to clinical applications. HIGHLIGHTS To achieve this objective, we have focused on the protocols and achievements related to pulp-dentin, alveolar bone, and periodontal regeneration using dental-derived MSCs in both animal and clinical studies. Various types of MSCs, including dental-derived cells, bone-marrow stem cells, and umbilical cord stem cells, have been employed in root canals, periodontal defects, socket preservation, and sinus lift procedures. Results of such include significant hard tissue reconstruction, functional pulp regeneration, root elongation, periodontal ligament formation, and cementum deposition. However, cell-based treatments for tooth and periodontium regeneration are still in early stages. The increasing demand for stem cell therapies in personalized medicine underscores the need for scientists and responsible organizations to develop standardized treatment protocols that adhere to good manufacturing practices, ensuring high reproducibility, safety, and cost-efficiency. CONCLUSION Cell therapy in regenerative dentistry represents a growing industry with substantial benefits and unique challenges as it strives to establish sustainable, long-term, and effective oral tissue regeneration solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Shah
- Department of Bioscience Research, College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Marziyeh Aghazadeh
- Department of Bioscience Research, College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Sheeja Rajasingh
- Department of Bioscience Research, College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Douglas Dixon
- Department of Bioscience Research, College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA; Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Vinay Jain
- Department of Prosthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - Johnson Rajasingh
- Department of Bioscience Research, College of Dentistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA; Department of Medicine-Cardiology, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Biochemistry, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.
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Bulanawichit W, Sinsareekul C, Kornsuthisopon C, Chansaenroj A, Trachoo V, Nowwarote N, Osathanon T. Toll-like receptor and C-type lectin receptor agonists attenuate osteogenic differentiation in human dental pulp stem cells. BMC Oral Health 2024; 24:148. [PMID: 38297241 PMCID: PMC10832253 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-03894-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study aimed to investigate the effects of various toll-like receptor (TLR) and C-type lectin receptor (CLR) ligands on osteogenic differentiation in human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). METHODS hDPSCs were cultured and treated with various concentrations (0.01, 0.1, 1.0, and 10 µg/mL) of TLR or CLR agonists (PG-LPS, E.coli LPS, poly(I:C), Pam3CSK4, Furfurman, and Zymosan). Cell viability was determined by MTT assay. The effects of TLR and CLR agonists on osteogenic differentiation of hDPSCs were measured by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, Alizarin Red S staining, and Von Kossa staining. In addition, the mRNA expression of osteogenesis-related genes (ALP, COL1A1, RUNX2, OSX, OCN and DMP1) was examined by RT-qPCR. A non-parametric analysis was employed for the statistical analyses. The statistically significant difference was considered when p < 0.05. RESULTS Treatment with TLR and CLR agonists was associated with an increase in hDPSCs' colony-forming unit ability. Compared with the control group, TLR and CLR agonists significantly inhibited the osteogenic differentiation of hDPSCs by decreasing the ALP activity, mineralised nodule formation, and mRNA expression levels of osteogenesis-related genes (ALP, COL1A1, RUNX2, OSX, OCN and DMP1). The inhibition of TRIF but not Akt signalling rescued the effects of TLR and CLR agonist attenuating hDPSCs' mineralisation. CONCLUSIONS The activation of TLRs or CLRs exhibited an inhibitory effect on osteogenic differentiation of hDPSCs via the TRIF-dependent signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wajathip Bulanawichit
- Center of Excellence for Dental Stem Cell Biology, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chanakarn Sinsareekul
- Department of Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Chatvadee Kornsuthisopon
- Center of Excellence for Dental Stem Cell Biology, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Ajjima Chansaenroj
- Center of Excellence for Dental Stem Cell Biology, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Vorapat Trachoo
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nunthawan Nowwarote
- Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, Université Paris Cité, Sorbonne Université, INSERM UMR1138, Molecular Oral Pathophysiology and Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, Université Paris Cité, Paris, France.
| | - Thanaphum Osathanon
- Center of Excellence for Dental Stem Cell Biology, Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Dentistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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Pan H, Yang Y, Xu H, Jin A, Huang X, Gao X, Sun S, Liu Y, Liu J, Lu T, Wang X, Zhu Y, Jiang L. The odontoblastic differentiation of dental mesenchymal stem cells: molecular regulation mechanism and related genetic syndromes. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1174579. [PMID: 37818127 PMCID: PMC10561098 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1174579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental mesenchymal stem cells (DMSCs) are multipotent progenitor cells that can differentiate into multiple lineages including odontoblasts, osteoblasts, chondrocytes, neural cells, myocytes, cardiomyocytes, adipocytes, endothelial cells, melanocytes, and hepatocytes. Odontoblastic differentiation of DMSCs is pivotal in dentinogenesis, a delicate and dynamic process regulated at the molecular level by signaling pathways, transcription factors, and posttranscriptional and epigenetic regulation. Mutations or dysregulation of related genes may contribute to genetic diseases with dentin defects caused by impaired odontoblastic differentiation, including tricho-dento-osseous (TDO) syndrome, X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets (XLH), Raine syndrome (RS), hypophosphatasia (HPP), Schimke immuno-osseous dysplasia (SIOD), and Elsahy-Waters syndrome (EWS). Herein, recent progress in the molecular regulation of the odontoblastic differentiation of DMSCs is summarized. In addition, genetic syndromes associated with disorders of odontoblastic differentiation of DMSCs are discussed. An improved understanding of the molecular regulation and related genetic syndromes may help clinicians better understand the etiology and pathogenesis of dentin lesions in systematic diseases and identify novel treatment targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Houwen Pan
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yiling Yang
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongyuan Xu
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Anting Jin
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiangru Huang
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xin Gao
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Siyuan Sun
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yuanqi Liu
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jingyi Liu
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Tingwei Lu
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanfei Zhu
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Lingyong Jiang
- Center of Craniofacial Orthodontics, Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- College of Stomatology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- National Center for Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Disease, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
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Roi A, Roi C, Negruțiu ML, Rusu LC, Riviș M. Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Human Periapical Cysts and Their Implications in Regenerative Medicine. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2436. [PMID: 37760877 PMCID: PMC10525783 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11092436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 08/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells currently play an important role in the tissue engineering field in developing new regenerative approaches. The oral cavity is a rich source of mesenchymal stem cells, and introducing the use of dental stem cells, characterized by a multilineage differentiation potential, immunomodulatory activity and repair capacity, offers a good perspective for clinical dentistry. Human periapical cyst mesenchymal stem cells (hPCy-MSCs) represent a new category of dental stem cells, being collected from pathological tissue and exhibiting MSCs-like properties. As studies have described, these new identified cells possess the same characteristics as those described in MSCs, exhibiting plasticity, a high proliferation rate and the potential to differentiate into osteogenic, adipogenic and neural lineages. Reusing the biological tissue that is considered pathologic offers a new perspective for the development of further clinical applications. The identification and characterization of MSCs in the human periapical cysts allows for a better understanding of the molecular interactions, the potential healing capacity and the mechanisms of inducing the local osteogenic process, integrated in the microenvironment. Although their involvement in regenerative medicine research is recent, they exhibit important properties that refer them for the development of clinical applications in dentistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Roi
- Department of Oral Pathology, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania; (A.R.); (L.C.R.)
- Multidisciplinary Center for Research, Evaluation, Diagnosis and Therapies in Oral Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania;
| | - Ciprian Roi
- Multidisciplinary Center for Research, Evaluation, Diagnosis and Therapies in Oral Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania;
- Department of Anesthesiology and Oral Surgery, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Meda Lavinia Negruțiu
- Department of Prostheses Technology and Dental Materials, Faculty of Dental Medicine, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania;
- Research Center in Dental Medicine Using Conventional and Alternative Technologies, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy Timisoara, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Laura Cristina Rusu
- Department of Oral Pathology, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania; (A.R.); (L.C.R.)
- Multidisciplinary Center for Research, Evaluation, Diagnosis and Therapies in Oral Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania;
| | - Mircea Riviș
- Multidisciplinary Center for Research, Evaluation, Diagnosis and Therapies in Oral Medicine, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania;
- Department of Anesthesiology and Oral Surgery, “Victor Babeș” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Sq. No. 2, 300041 Timișoara, Romania
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Yong J, Gröger S, Wu Z, Ruf S, Ye Y, Chen X. Photobiomodulation Therapy and Pulp-Regenerative Endodontics: A Narrative Review. Bioengineering (Basel) 2023; 10:bioengineering10030371. [PMID: 36978762 PMCID: PMC10045842 DOI: 10.3390/bioengineering10030371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Regenerative endodontic procedures (REPs) were used to recover the dental pulp’s vitality in order to avoid the undesirable outcomes of conventional endodontic treatment and to promote dentinal formation, especially for immature permanent teeth. Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) exhibits photobiological and photochemical effects for improving the root canal’s environmental conditions by compensating for oxidative stress and increasing the blood supply to implanted stem cells and improving their survival. Basic research has revealed that PBMT can modulate human dental pulp stem cells’ (hDPSCs) differentiation, proliferation, and activity, and subsequent tissue activation. However, many unclear points still remain regarding the mechanisms of action induced by PBMT in REPs. Therefore, in this review, we present the applications of laser and PBMT irradiation to the procedures of REPs and in endodontics. In addition, the effects of PBMT on the regenerative processes of hDPSCs are reviewed from biochemical and cytological perspectives on the basis of the available literature. Furthermore, we consider the feasibility of treatment in which PBMT irradiation is applied to stem cells, including dental pulp stem cells, and we discuss research that has reported on its effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Yong
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Sabine Gröger
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Zuping Wu
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Sabine Ruf
- Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Medicine, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Yuer Ye
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Xiaoyan Chen
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
- Correspondence:
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10
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Iizumi R, Honda M. Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Inhibits Osteogenic Differentiation in Human Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts. Biomimetics (Basel) 2022; 7:biomimetics7040224. [PMID: 36546925 PMCID: PMC9776043 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics7040224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Revised: 11/23/2022] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
The periodontal ligament is a collagenous tissue that is important for maintaining the homeostasis of cementum and alveolar bone. In tendon cells, Wnt/β-catenin signaling has been reported to regulate the expression level of Scleraxis (Scx) and Mohawk Homeobox (Mkx) gene and maintain the tissue homeostasis, while its role in the periodontal ligament is unclear. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Wnt/β-catenin signaling induced by Wnt-3a stimulation on the inhibition of osteogenic differentiation of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (HPLFs). During osteogenic differentiation of HPLFs, they formed bone nodules independently of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. After stimulation of Wnt-3a, the expression of β-catenin increased, and nuclear translocation of β-catenin was observed. These data indicate that Wnt-3a activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Furthermore, the stimulation of Wnt-3a inhibited the bone nodule formation and suppressed the expression of osteogenic differentiation-related genes such as Runx2, Osteopontin and Osteocalcin, and upregulated the gene expression of Type-I collagen and Periostin (Postn). Scx may be involved in the suppression of osteogenic differentiation in HPLFs. In conclusion, Wnt/β-catenin signaling may be an important signaling pathway that inhibits the osteogenic differentiation in HPLFs by the upregulation of Scx gene expression and downregulation of osteogenic differentiation-related genes.
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11
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Amato M, Santonocito S, Viglianisi G, Tatullo M, Isola G. Impact of Oral Mesenchymal Stem Cells Applications as a Promising Therapeutic Target in the Therapy of Periodontal Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232113419. [PMID: 36362206 PMCID: PMC9658889 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232113419] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Periodontal disease is a chronic inflammatory condition affecting about 20–50% of people, worldwide, and manifesting clinically through the detection of gingival inflammation, clinical attachment loss, radiographically assessed resorption of alveolar bone, gingival bleeding upon probing, teeth mobility and their potential loss at advanced stages. It is characterized by a multifactorial etiology, including an imbalance of the oral microbiota, mechanical stress and systemic diseases such as diabetes mellitus. The current standard treatments for periodontitis include eliminating the microbial pathogens and applying biomaterials to treat the bone defects. However, periodontal tissue regeneration via a process consistent with the natural tissue formation process has not yet been achieved. Developmental biology studies state that periodontal tissue is composed of neural crest-derived ectomesenchyme. The aim of this review is to discuss the clinical utility of stem cells in periodontal regeneration by reviewing the relevant literature that assesses the periodontal-regenerative potential of stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariacristina Amato
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Simona Santonocito
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (G.I.); Tel.: +39-0953782638 (S.S. & G.I.)
| | - Gaia Viglianisi
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
| | - Marco Tatullo
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neurosciences and Sense Organs, University of Bari, 70122 Bari, Italy
| | - Gaetano Isola
- Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (G.I.); Tel.: +39-0953782638 (S.S. & G.I.)
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12
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Zhang X, Ren Z, Jiang Z. EndMT-derived mesenchymal stem cells: a new therapeutic target to atherosclerosis treatment. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 478:755-765. [PMID: 36083511 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04544-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 08/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases, such as coronary artery disease and stroke, are the main threats to human health worldwide. Atherosclerosis, a chronic inflammatory disorder, plays a role as an initiator of all of the above-mentioned diseases. Cell therapy for diseases has attracted widespread attention. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are a type of stem cell that still exist in adults and have the characteristics of self-renewal ability, pluripotent differentiation potential, immunomodulation, tissue regeneration, anti-inflammation and low immunogenicity. In light of the properties of MSCs, some researchers have begun to target MSCs to create a possible way to alleviate atherosclerosis. Most of these studies are focused on MSC transplantation, injecting MSCs to modulate macrophages, the key inflammatory cell in atherosclerosis plaque. According to recent studies, researchers found that endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EndMT) has something to do with atherosclerosis development. A new cell type MSC might also appear during the EndMT process. In this article, we summarize the characteristics of MSCs, the latest progress of MSC research and its application prospects, and in view of the process of EndMT occurring in atherosclerosis, we propose some new ideas for the treatment of atherosclerosis by targeting MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaofan Zhang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, International Joint Laboratory for Arteriosclerotic Disease Research of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Zhong Ren
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, International Joint Laboratory for Arteriosclerotic Disease Research of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China
| | - Zhisheng Jiang
- Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, International Joint Laboratory for Arteriosclerotic Disease Research of Hunan Province, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, 421001, China.
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13
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Chen X, Gao CY, Chu XY, Zheng CY, Luan YY, He X, Yang K, Zhang DL. VEGF-Loaded Heparinised Gelatine-Hydroxyapatite-Tricalcium Phosphate Scaffold Accelerates Bone Regeneration via Enhancing Osteogenesis-Angiogenesis Coupling. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:915181. [PMID: 35757798 PMCID: PMC9216719 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.915181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Bone tissue defect, one of the common orthopaedicdiseases, is traumatizing and affects patient’s lifestyle. Although autologous and xenograft bone transplantations are performed in bone tissue engineering, clinical development of bone transplantation is limited because ofvarious factors, such as varying degrees of immune rejection, lack of bone sources, and secondary damage to bone harvesting. Methods: We synthesised a heparinised gelatine-hydroxyapatite-tricalcium phosphate (HG-HA-TCP) scaffold loaded with sustained-release vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) analysed their structure, mechanical properties, and biocompatibility. Additionally, the effects of HG-HA-TCP (VEGF) scaffolds on osteogenic differentiation and vascularisation of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHED) in vitro and bone regeneration in vivo were investigated. Results: HG-HA-TCP scaffold possessed good pore structure, mechanical properties, and biocompatibility. HG-HA-TCP scaffold loaded with VEGF could effectively promote SHED proliferation, migration, and adhesion. Moreover, HG-HA-TCP (VEGF) scaffold increased the expression of osteogenesis- and angiogenesis-related genes and promoted osteogenic differentiation and vascularisation in cells. In vivo results demonstrated that VEGF-loaded HG-HA-TCP scaffold improved new bone regeneration and enhanced bone mineral density, revealed byhistological, micro-CT and histochemical straining analyses. Osteogenic and angiogenic abilities of the three biological scaffolds wereranked as follows: HG-HA-TCP (VEGF) > G-HA-TCP (VEGF) > G-HA-TCP. Conclusion: HG-HA-TCP (VEGF) scaffold with good biocompatibility could create an encouraging osteogenic microenvironment that could accelerate vessel formation and osteogenesis, providing an effective scaffold for bone tissue engineering and developing new clinical treatment strategies for bone tissue defects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Chen
- Department of Orthodontics, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.,Department of Stomatology, Eighth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Yan Gao
- Department of Orthodontics, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Yang Chu
- Department of Stomatology, Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Chun-Yan Zheng
- Department of Orthodontics, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying-Yi Luan
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xin He
- Department of Orthodontics, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Kai Yang
- Prenatal Diagnosis Center, Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Dong-Liang Zhang
- Department of Orthodontics, Beijing Stomatological Hospital, Capital Medical University School of Stomatology, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Aguilar-ayala FJ, Aguilar-pérez FJ, Nic-can GI, Rojas-herrera R, Chuc-gamboa G, Aguilar-pérez D, Rodas-junco BA. A Molecular View on Biomaterials and Dental Stem Cells Interactions: Literature Review. Applied Sciences 2022; 12:5815. [DOI: 10.3390/app12125815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Biomaterials and stem cells are essential components in the field of regenerative medicine. Various biomaterials have been designed that have appropriate biochemical and biophysical characteristics to mimic the microenvironment of an extracellular matrix. Dental stem cells (DT-MSCs) represent a novel source for the development of autologous therapies due to their easy availability. Although research on biomaterials and DT-MSCs has progressed, there are still challenges in the characteristics of biomaterials and the molecular mechanisms involved in regulating the behavior of DT-MSCs. In this review, the characteristics of biomaterials are summarized, and their classification according to their source, bioactivity, and different biological effects on the expansion and differentiation of DT-MSCs is summarized. Finally, advances in research on the interaction of biomaterials and the molecular components involved (mechanosensors and mechanotransduction) in DT-MSCs during their proliferation and differentiation are analyzed. Understanding the molecular dynamics of DT-MSCs and biomaterials can contribute to research in regenerative medicine and the development of autologous stem cell therapies.
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15
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Guo M, Liu F, Wang W, Liu Z, Zhu Z, Liu Y, Huang Z. Naringin Promotes Osteogenic/Odontogenic Differentiation of Dental Pulp Stem Cells via Wnt/ β-Catenin. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2022; 2022:4505471. [PMID: 35677363 PMCID: PMC9168102 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4505471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Purpose This investigation intended to unravel the effect and mechanism of naringin on the proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). Methods hDPSCs were induced to differentiate, and the degree of cell differentiation was observed by alizarin red staining, Oil Red O staining, and Alcian blue staining. hDPSCs were treated with 0, 20, 40, and 80 μmol/L naringin for 48 h, respectively. The proliferation rate and chemotaxis of the cells were measured by MTT and transwell assay, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and osteogenic differentiation degree by ALP staining and alizarin red staining, and gene expression of osteogenic markers by qRT-PCR. Additionally, western blot was performed to test the levels of Wnt/β-catenin signaling-related proteins in hDPSCs. Results The isolated hDPSCs with spindle-shaped morphology had good differentiation capability. Further experiments confirmed naringin-caused increases in the proliferation rate and migration ability of hDPSCs. In addition, compared with the control group, naringin-treated cells had strong ALP activity and ossification levels and higher expression of Runx2, OPN, DSPP, and DMP1. The western blot results showed that naringin significantly activated Wnt/β-catenin signaling in hDPSCs. Conclusion Taken together, naringin enhances the proliferation, migration, and osteogenesis of hDPSCs through stimulating Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Guo
- Department of General Dentistry, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province 330006, China
- The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province 330006, China
- Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province 330006, China
| | - Fen Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province 330006, China
- Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province 330006, China
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province 330006, China
| | - Wenjuan Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province 330006, China
- Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province 330006, China
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province 330006, China
| | - Zhirong Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province 330006, China
- Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province 330006, China
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province 330006, China
| | - Zhipeng Zhu
- The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province 330006, China
- Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province 330006, China
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province 330006, China
| | - Yiyu Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province 330006, China
- Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province 330006, China
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province 330006, China
| | - Zhen Huang
- The Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedicine, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province 330006, China
- Jiangxi Province Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province 330006, China
- Department of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Stomatological Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province 330006, China
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16
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Khoshbin E, Najafi R, Farhadian M, Khalili M. Attachment of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts to root dentin conditioned with different endodontic irrigants: An experimental study. J Dent Res Dent Clin Dent Prospects 2022; 16:11-17. [PMID: 35936936 PMCID: PMC9339743 DOI: 10.34172/joddd.2022.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background. Periradicular surgery is the last treatment option for teeth with persistent periradicular endodontic lesions. This study aimed to assess the adhesion of fibroblasts to root dentin conditioned with ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), MTAD, and QMix. Methods. Twelve dentin discs were fabricated of 6 human single-rooted teeth. Fibroblasts were isolated from the periodontal ligament (PDL) of a premolar tooth. The teeth were healthy and freshly extracted from the socket. The samples were divided into four groups for surface conditioning with (I) EDTA, (II) MTAD, (III) QMix, and the control group. Fibroblasts were cultured on conditioned dentin discs at 37°C, 95% air, and 5% CO2 for 4 hours and then rinsed with PBS three times to eliminate unattached cells from the surface. The mean counts of attached cells were calculated using a Neubauer chamber. Also, the attachment of fibroblasts was evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Results. The mean counts of fibroblasts attached to root dentin in EDTA, QMix, MTAD, and control groups were 303±46, 243±41, 213±33, and 347±38, respectively. No significant difference was noted in the number of fibroblasts attached between MTAD, EDTA, and QMix and the control group (P>0.05). Under SEM, the fibroblasts were flat and spindle-shaped, with cytoplasmic processes covering the untreated dentin surface. In the experimental groups, the cells were rounder with fewer processes. All the three groups showed weaker adhesion to dentin compared to the control (untreated dentin) group. Conclusion. Under the limitations of this study, it was concluded that treating the dentin surface with EDTA, MTAD, or QMIX might not be an effective way to improve the adhesion of human PDL fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elham Khoshbin
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Rezvan Najafi
- Research Center for Molecular Medicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Maryam Farhadian
- Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Research Center for Health Sciences, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
| | - Maryam Khalili
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
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Su J, Ge X, Jiang N, Zhang Z, Wu X. Efficacy of Mesenchymal Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated DeciduousTeeth and their Derivatives in Inflammatory Diseases Therapy. Curr Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 17:302-316. [PMID: 35440314 DOI: 10.2174/1574888x17666220417153309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells derived from postnatal orofacial tissues can be readily isolated and possess diverse origins, for example, from surgically removed teeth or gingiva. These cells exhibit stem cell properties, strong potential for self-renewal, and show multi-lineage differentiation, and they have therefore been widely employed in stem cell therapy, tissue regeneration, and inflammatory diseases. Among them, stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth [SHED] and their derivatives have manifested wide application in the treatment of diseases because of their outstanding advantages- including convenient access, easy storage, and less immune rejection. Numerous studies have shown that most diseases are closely associated with inflammation and that inflammatory diseases are extremely destructive, can lead to necrosis of organ parenchymal cells, and can deposit excessive extracellular ma- trix in the tissues. Inflammatory diseases are thus the principal causes of disability and death from many diseases worldwide. SHED and their derivatives not only exhibit the basic characteristics of stem cells but also exhibit some special properties of their own, particularly with regard to their great potential in inhib- iting inflammation and tissue regeneration. SHED therapy may provide a new direction for the treatment of inflammation and corresponding tissue defects. In this review, we critically analyze and summarize the latest findings on the behaviors and functions of SHED, serum‑free conditioned medium from SHED [SHED-CM], and extracellular vesicles, especially exosomes, from SHED [SHED-Exos], and discuss their roles and underlying mechanisms in the control of inflammatory diseases, thus further highlighting additional functions for SHED and their derivatives in future therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Xuejun Ge
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology & Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | | | - Ziqian Zhang
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology & Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, China
| | - Xiaowen Wu
- Shanxi Medical University School and Hospital of Stomatology & Shanxi Province Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases Prevention and New Materials, Taiyuan 030001, China
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18
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Paganelli A, Trubiani O, Diomede F, Pisciotta A, Paganelli R. Immunomodulating Profile of Dental Mesenchymal Stromal Cells: A Comprehensive Overview. Front Oral Health 2022; 2:635055. [PMID: 35047993 PMCID: PMC8757776 DOI: 10.3389/froh.2021.635055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells present in dental tissues, characterized by plastic adherence in culture and specific surface markers (CD105, CD73, CD90, STRO-1, CD106, and CD146), common to all other MSC subtypes. Dental pulp, periodontal ligament, apical papilla, human exfoliated deciduous teeth, alveolar bone, dental follicle, tooth germ, and gingiva are all different sources for isolation and expansion of MSCs. Dental MSCs have regenerative and immunomodulatory properties; they are scarcely immunogenic but actively modulate T cell reactivity. in vitro studies and animal models of autoimmune diseases have provided evidence for the suppressive effects of dental MSCs on peripheral blood mononuclear cell proliferation, clearance of apoptotic cells, and promotion of a shift in the Treg/Th17 cell ratio. Appropriately stimulated MSCs produce anti-inflammatory mediators, such as transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), prostaglandin E2, and interleukin (IL)-10. A particular mechanism through which MSCs exert their immunomodulatory action is via the production of extracellular vesicles containing such anti-inflammatory mediators. Recent studies demonstrated MSC-mediated inhibitory effects both on monocytes and activated macrophages, promoting their polarization to an anti-inflammatory M2-phenotype. A growing number of trials focusing on MSCs to treat autoimmune and inflammatory conditions are ongoing, but very few use dental tissue as a cellular source. Recent results suggest that dental MSCs are a promising therapeutic tool for immune-mediated disorders. However, the exact mechanisms responsible for dental MSC-mediated immunosuppression remain to be clarified, and impairment of dental MSCs immunosuppressive function in inflammatory conditions and aging must be assessed before considering autologous MSCs or their secreted vesicles for therapeutic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Paganelli
- PhD Program in Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy.,Surgical, Medical and Dental Department of Morphological Sciences Related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Oriana Trubiani
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Francesca Diomede
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pisciotta
- Surgical, Medical and Dental Department of Morphological Sciences Related to Transplant, Oncology and Regenerative Medicine, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
| | - Roberto Paganelli
- Department of Medicine and Aging Sciences, University "G. D'Annunzio" Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.,YDA, Institute of Clinical Immunotherapy and Advanced Biological Treatments, Pescara, Italy
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Romecín PA, Vinyoles M, López-Millán B, de la Guardia RD, Atucha NM, Querol S, Bueno C, Benitez R, Gonzalez-Rey E, Delgado M, Menéndez P. OUP accepted manuscript. Stem Cells Transl Med 2022; 11:88-96. [PMID: 35641173 PMCID: PMC8895490 DOI: 10.1093/stcltm/szab007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal stem/cells (MSC) therapies are clinically used in a wide range of disorders based on their robust HLA-independent immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory properties. However, the mechanisms underlying MSC therapeutic activity remain elusive as demonstrated by the unpredictable therapeutic efficacy of MSC infusions reported in multiple clinical trials. A seminal recent study showed that infused MSCs are actively induced to undergo apoptosis by recipient cytotoxic T cells, a mechanism that triggers in vivo recipient-induced immunomodulation by such apoptotic MSCs, and the need for such recipient cytotoxic cell activity could be replaced by the administration of ex vivo-generated apoptotic MSCs. Moreover, the use of MSC-derived extracellular vesicles (MSC-EVs) is being actively explored as a cell-free therapeutic alternative over the parental MSCs. We hypothesized that the introduction of a “suicide gene” switch into MSCs may offer on-demand in vivo apoptosis of transplanted MSCs. Here, we prompted to investigate the utility of the iCasp9/AP1903 suicide gene system in inducing apoptosis of MSCs. iCasp9/AP1903-induced apoptotic MSCs (MSCiCasp9+) were tested in vitro and in in vivo models of acute colitis. Our data show a very similar and robust immunosuppressive and anti-inflammatory properties of both “parental” alive MSCGFP+ cells and apoptotic MSCiCasp9+ cells in vitro and in vivo regardless of whether apoptosis was induced in vivo or in vitro before administering MSCiCasp9+ lysates. This development of an efficient iCasp9 switch may potentiate the safety of MSC-based therapies in the case of an adverse event and, will also circumvent current logistic technical limitations and biological uncertainties associated to MSC-EVs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Alejandra Romecín
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- RICORS-TERAV, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Paola Alejandra Romecin, Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Carrer Casanova 143, 4º floor, 08036, Barcelona, Spain. Tel: (+34) 93 5572810;
| | | | - Belén López-Millán
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- RICORS-TERAV, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- GENYO, Centro Pfizer-Universidad de Granada-Junta de Andalucía de Genómica e Investigación Oncológica, Granada, Spain
| | - Rafael Diaz de la Guardia
- GENYO, Centro Pfizer-Universidad de Granada-Junta de Andalucía de Genómica e Investigación Oncológica, Granada, Spain
| | - Noemi M Atucha
- Departamento de Fisiologia Humana, Facultad de Medicina, Murcia, Spain
| | - Sergi Querol
- RICORS-TERAV, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- Banc de Sang i Teixits, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Clara Bueno
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- RICORS-TERAV, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERONC, ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raquel Benitez
- Instituto de Parasitologia y Biomedicina López-Neyra (IPBLN-CSIC), Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Elena Gonzalez-Rey
- Instituto de Parasitologia y Biomedicina López-Neyra (IPBLN-CSIC), Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Mario Delgado
- Instituto de Parasitologia y Biomedicina López-Neyra (IPBLN-CSIC), Armilla, Granada, Spain
| | - Pablo Menéndez
- Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, Barcelona, Spain
- RICORS-TERAV, ISCIII, Madrid, Spain
- CIBERONC, ISCIII, Barcelona, Spain
- Institució Catalana de Recerca i Estudis Avançats (ICREA), Barcelona, Spain
- Corresponding author: Pablo Menéndez, Josep Carreras Leukemia Research Institute, School of Medicine, University of Barcelona, Carrer Casanova 143, 4º floor, 08036, Barcelona, Spain. Tel: (+34) 93 5572810;
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Maru V, Madkaikar M, Shabrish S, Kambli P, Dalvi A, Setia P. Evaluation and comparison of cytotoxicity and bioactivity of chemomechanical caries removal agents on stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2021; 23:787-796. [PMID: 34766278 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-021-00684-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
AIM To investigate and compare the cytotoxicity and bioactivity of CMCR agents on stem cells derived from exfoliated deciduous teeth. METHODOLOGY MTT assay, flow cytometry, Alizarin Red staining and scratch assay were used to assess the cellular viability, apoptosis, calcium matrix deposits and cell migration, respectively. The gene expression of ALP and BMP-2 was measured with RT-PCR. One-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post-test was used for statistical analysis. RESULTS 0.5% Carisolv showed highest cell proliferation and calcium matrix formation, whereas 0.5% Papacarie reported the highest% live cells and cell migration. The highest mRNA expression of ALP and BMP-2 was reported in SHEDs cultured in 0.5% Papacarie (after 72 h incubation) and 0.5% Carisolv (after 24 h incubation), respectively. CONCLUSION CMCR agents are biocompatible and bioactive when cultured in stem cells derived from exfoliated primary teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Maru
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Government Dental College and Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.
| | - M Madkaikar
- ICMR -National Institute of Immunohematology, Parel, Mumbai, India
| | - S Shabrish
- ICMR -National Institute of Immunohematology, Parel, Mumbai, India
| | - P Kambli
- ICMR -National Institute of Immunohematology, Parel, Mumbai, India
| | - A Dalvi
- ICMR -National Institute of Immunohematology, Parel, Mumbai, India
| | - P Setia
- ICMR -National Institute of Immunohematology, Parel, Mumbai, India
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21
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Marconi GD, Fonticoli L, Della Rocca Y, Rajan TS, Piattelli A, Trubiani O, Pizzicannella J, Diomede F. Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells Response to Titanium Implant Surface: Extracellular Matrix Deposition. Biology (Basel) 2021; 10:931. [PMID: 34571808 PMCID: PMC8470763 DOI: 10.3390/biology10090931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
The major challenge for dentistry is to provide the patient an oral rehabilitation to maintain healthy bone conditions in order to reduce the time for loading protocols. Advancement in implant surface design is necessary to favour and promote the osseointegration process. The surface features of titanium dental implant can promote a relevant influence on the morphology and differentiation ability of mesenchymal stem cells, induction of the osteoblastic genes expression and the release of extracellular matrix (ECM) components. The present study aimed at evaluating the in vitro effects of two different dental implants with titanium surfaces, TEST and CTRL, to culture the human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs). Expression of ECM components such as Vimentin, Fibronectin, N-cadherin, Laminin, Focal Adhesion Kinase (FAK) and Integrin beta-1 (ITGB1), and the osteogenic related markers, as runt related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), were investigated. Human PDLSCs cultured on the TEST implant surface demonstrated a better cell adhesion capability as observed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and immunofluorescence analysis. Moreover, immunofluorescence and Western blot experiments showed an over expression of Fibronectin, Laminin, N-cadherin and RUNX2 in hPDLSCs seeded on TEST implant surface. The gene expression study by RT-PCR validated the results obtained in protein assays and exhibited the expression of RUNX2, ALP, Vimentin (VIM), Fibronectin (FN1), N-cadherin (CDH2), Laminin (LAMB1), FAK and ITGB1 in hPDLSCs seeded on TEST surface compared to the CTRL dental implant surface. Understanding the mechanisms of ECM components release and its regulation are essential for developing novel strategies in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Our results demonstrated that the impact of treated surfaces of titanium dental implants might increase and accelerate the ECM apposition and provide the starting point to initiate the osseointegration process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guya Diletta Marconi
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (G.D.M.); (A.P.)
| | - Luigia Fonticoli
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (L.F.); (Y.D.R.); (O.T.); (F.D.)
| | - Ylenia Della Rocca
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (L.F.); (Y.D.R.); (O.T.); (F.D.)
| | | | - Adriano Piattelli
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (G.D.M.); (A.P.)
| | - Oriana Trubiani
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (L.F.); (Y.D.R.); (O.T.); (F.D.)
| | | | - Francesca Diomede
- Department of Innovative Technologies in Medicine & Dentistry, University “G. d’Annunzio” Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (L.F.); (Y.D.R.); (O.T.); (F.D.)
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22
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Patil S, Reda R, Boreak N, Taher HA, Melha AA, Albrakati A, Vinothkumar TS, Mustafa M, Robaian A, Alroomy R, Kharaf RJA, Kameli TS, Alkahtani A, Baeshen HA, Patil VR, Testarelli L. Adipogenic Stimulation and Pyrrolidine Dithiocarbamate Induced Osteogenic Inhibition of Dental Pulp Stem Cells Is Countered by Cordycepin. J Pers Med 2021; 11:915. [PMID: 34575692 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11090915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 09/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/10/2021] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND dental pulp-derived stem cells are easy to access and collect and are an excellent source of stem cells for regenerative therapy. These cells can interact with many biomolecules and scaffolds and can pass on the instructive signals to the sites of regeneration where they are used. In this regard cordycepin, a potential biomolecule derived from medicinal mushrooms with a spectrum of bioactive properties such as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer has not yet been tested for its effect on human dental pulp stem cells. OBJECTIVE the objective of the present study was to assess the in vitro adipogenic and osteogenic differentiation potential of human dental pulp stem cells with or without induction after administration of cordycepin. MATERIALS AND METHODS human dental pulp stem cells DPSCs were isolated from a healthy permanent tooth extracted for orthodontic purposes after obtaining informed consent. Flow cytometry technique was used to assess the surface markers of these cells such as CD73, CD90, and CD105, CD34, CD45, and HLA-DR. Further, an MTT assay was performed on the cells after subjecting them to various concentrations of cordycepin. Following this, the adipogenic and osteogenic potential of the dental pulp stem cells was assessed with or without induction under the influence/absence of 5 µM of cordycepin. The results obtained were statistically analyzed and documented. RESULTS it was found that the dental pulp stem cells showed strong positive expression for CD73, CD90, and CD105 and faint expression of CD34, CD45, and HLA-DR. MTT assay revealed that 5 µM was the optimum concentration of cordycepin for all the assays. Concerning adipogenesis experiments, there was a statistically significant lowering of all the 4 adipogenesis-related genes PPARγ, FABP4, LPL, and C/EBPα following cordycepin treatment in the presence of induction compared to the only induction group and untreated control cells (p < 0.05). In connection with osteogenesis, was found that there was a statistically significant increase in the expression of RUNX2, COL1A1, OSX and OCN genes along with the increase in alkaline phosphatase and alizarin red staining in the DPSC treated with cordycepin along with the presence of induction and simultaneous addition of PDTC compared to the control untreated cells and cells treated with induction and simultaneous addition of PDTC (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION cordycepin can be exploited for its osteopromotive properties and can be used as a bioactive molecule alongside the administration of dental pulp stem cells in the area of regenerative biology and medicine.
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23
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El-Rashidy AA, El Moshy S, Radwan IA, Rady D, Abbass MMS, Dörfer CE, Fawzy El-Sayed KM. Effect of Polymeric Matrix Stiffness on Osteogenic Differentiation of Mesenchymal Stem/Progenitor Cells: Concise Review. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:2950. [PMID: 34502988 PMCID: PMC8434088 DOI: 10.3390/polym13172950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/progenitor cells (MSCs) have a multi-differentiation potential into specialized cell types, with remarkable regenerative and therapeutic results. Several factors could trigger the differentiation of MSCs into specific lineages, among them the biophysical and chemical characteristics of the extracellular matrix (ECM), including its stiffness, composition, topography, and mechanical properties. MSCs can sense and assess the stiffness of extracellular substrates through the process of mechanotransduction. Through this process, the extracellular matrix can govern and direct MSCs' lineage commitment through complex intracellular pathways. Hence, various biomimetic natural and synthetic polymeric matrices of tunable stiffness were developed and further investigated to mimic the MSCs' native tissues. Customizing scaffold materials to mimic cells' natural environment is of utmost importance during the process of tissue engineering. This review aims to highlight the regulatory role of matrix stiffness in directing the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs, addressing how MSCs sense and respond to their ECM, in addition to listing different polymeric biomaterials and methods used to alter their stiffness to dictate MSCs' differentiation towards the osteogenic lineage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aiah A. El-Rashidy
- Biomaterials Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt;
- Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt; (S.E.M.); (I.A.R.); (D.R.); (M.M.S.A.)
| | - Sara El Moshy
- Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt; (S.E.M.); (I.A.R.); (D.R.); (M.M.S.A.)
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Israa Ahmed Radwan
- Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt; (S.E.M.); (I.A.R.); (D.R.); (M.M.S.A.)
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Dina Rady
- Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt; (S.E.M.); (I.A.R.); (D.R.); (M.M.S.A.)
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Marwa M. S. Abbass
- Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt; (S.E.M.); (I.A.R.); (D.R.); (M.M.S.A.)
- Oral Biology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
| | - Christof E. Dörfer
- Clinic for Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Christian Albrechts University, 24105 Kiel, Germany;
| | - Karim M. Fawzy El-Sayed
- Stem Cells and Tissue Engineering Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt; (S.E.M.); (I.A.R.); (D.R.); (M.M.S.A.)
- Clinic for Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Christian Albrechts University, 24105 Kiel, Germany;
- Oral Medicine and Periodontology Department, Faculty of Dentistry, Cairo University, Cairo 11562, Egypt
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24
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Fageeh HN. Preliminary Evaluation of Proliferation, Wound Healing Properties, Osteogenic and Chondrogenic Potential of Dental Pulp Stem Cells Obtained from Healthy and Periodontitis Affected Teeth. Cells 2021; 10:cells10082118. [PMID: 34440887 PMCID: PMC8393753 DOI: 10.3390/cells10082118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Dental pulp tissue within the central cavity of the tooth is composed of dental pulp stem cells (DPSC). These mesenchymal stem cells have good proliferative as well as differentiation potential. DPSC has been isolated even from teeth with inflamed pulps and is found to retain their proliferative and differentiation potential. Little research is available about the viability and differentiation potential of DPSC obtained from teeth with periodontitis. In the present study, the aim was to compare the morphological features, stem cell marker (MSC) expression, proliferation rate, migratory and wound healing properties, osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation potential of DPSCs obtained from periodontally healthy teeth (hDPSCs) and periodontitis affected teeth (pDPSCs). Methods: Dental pulp tissue was obtained from periodontally healthy volunteers (n = 3) and patients with periodontitis undergoing extraction of mobile teeth (n = 3). DPSC were isolated using the explant technique and cultured. All the experiments were performed at early passage (Passage 2), late passage (Passage 6) and after cryopreservation. Morphological features of the hDPSCs and pDPSCs were ascertained using microscopy. The expression of cell surface stem cell markers was assessed by the flow cytometry method. The proliferation and growth rate of the cells were assayed by plotting a growth curve from 0–13 days of culture. The migratory characteristics were assessed by wound scratch assay. Osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation of the cells was assessed using standard protocols with and without induction. Results: DPSCs were successfully obtained from periodontally healthy teeth (hDPSC) and periodontitis-affected teeth (pDPSCs). The data suggests that there were no morphological differences observed in early passage cells between the two cohorts. Cryopreservation did change the morphology of pDSPCs. There was no significant difference in the positive expression of mesenchymal markers CD73, CD90 and CD105 in early passage cells. However, serial passaging and cryopreservation affected the marker expression in pDPSCs. A faint expression of hematopoietic stem cell markers CD34, CD45 and MHC class II antigen HLA-DR was observed in both the cell types. The expression of HLA-DR is upregulated in pDPSCs compared to hDPSC. A significantly slower growth rate and slower wound healing properties was observed in pDPSCs compared to hDPSC. In late passage and after cryopreservation, the migratory ability of pDPSCs was found to be increased drastically. There was no significant difference in osteogenic potential between the two cell types. However, the chondrogenic potential of pDPSCs was significantly lower compared to hDPSc. Yet, pDPSCs showed enhanced osteogenesis and chondrogenesis at late passage as well as after cryopreservation. Conclusion: The results of this novel study shed light on the isolation of viable DPSC from periodontitis-affected teeth. These cells exhibit a slower growth rate and migratory characteristics compared to their healthy counterparts. There was no difference in osteogenic potential but a reduction in chondrogenic potential was seen in pDPSCs compared to hDPSC. The findings reveal that DPSC from periodontitis-affected teeth presents an easy and viable option for regenerative medicine application. Some additional nutritive factors and protocols may be required to attain better regenerative benefits while using pDPSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hytham N Fageeh
- Department of Preventive Dental Science, College of Dentistry, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
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25
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Sanz JL, Guerrero-Gironés J, Pecci-Lloret MP, Pecci-Lloret MR, Melo M. Biological interactions between calcium silicate-based endodontic biomaterials and periodontal ligament stem cells: A systematic review of in vitro studies. Int Endod J 2021; 54:2025-2043. [PMID: 34338339 DOI: 10.1111/iej.13600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/29/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Most recently, the biological interactions, that is cytocompatibility, cell differentiation and mineralization potential, between calcium silicate-based biomaterials and periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) have been studied at an in vitro level, in order to predict their clinical behaviour during endodontic procedures involving direct contact with periodontal tissues, namely root canal treatment, endodontic surgery and regenerative endodontic treatment. OBJECTIVE The aim of the present systematic review was to present a qualitative synthesis of available in vitro studies assessing the biological interaction of PDLSCs and calcium silicate-based biomaterials. METHODOLOGY The present review followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines. An advanced database search was performed in Medline, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science and SciELO on 1 July 2020 and last updated on 22 April 2021. Studies assessing the biological interactions of PDLSCs with calcium silicate-based sealers (CSSs) and/or cements (CSCs) at an in vitro level were considered for inclusion. The evaluation of the 'biological interaction' was defined as any assay or test on the cytotoxicity, cytocompatibility, cell plasticity or differentiation potential, and bioactive properties of PDLSCs cultured in CSC or CSS-conditioned media. Quality (risk of bias) was assessed using a modified CONSORT checklist for in vitro studies of dental materials. RESULTS A total of 20 studies were included for the qualitative synthesis. CSCs and CSSs, as a group of endodontic materials, exhibit adequate cytocompatibility and favour the osteo/cementogenic differentiation and mineralization potential of PDLSCs, as evidenced from the in vitro studies included in the present systematic review. DISCUSSION The influence of the compositional differences, inclusion of additives, sample preparation, and varying conditions and manipulations on the biological properties of calcium silicate-based materials remain a subject for future research. CONCLUSIONS Within the limitations of the in vitro nature of the included studies, this work supports the potential use of calcium silicate-based endodontic materials in stem cell therapy and biologically based regenerative endodontic procedures. REGISTRATION OSF Registries; https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/SQ9UY.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Luis Sanz
- Departament d'Estomatologia, Facultat de Medicina I Odontologia, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
| | - Julia Guerrero-Gironés
- Department of Dermatology, Stomatology, Radiology and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Morales Meseguer Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - María P Pecci-Lloret
- Department of Dermatology, Stomatology, Radiology and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Morales Meseguer Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - Miguel R Pecci-Lloret
- Department of Dermatology, Stomatology, Radiology and Physical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Morales Meseguer Hospital, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain
| | - María Melo
- Departament d'Estomatologia, Facultat de Medicina I Odontologia, Universitat de València, Valencia, Spain
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26
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Song W, Li S, Tang Q, Chen L, Yuan Z. In vitro biocompatibility and bioactivity of calcium silicate‑based bioceramics in endodontics (Review). Int J Mol Med 2021; 48:128. [PMID: 34013376 PMCID: PMC8136140 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2021.4961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Calcium silicate-based bioceramics have been applied in endodontics as advantageous materials for years. In addition to excellent physical and chemical properties, the biocompatibility and bioactivity of calcium silicate-based bioceramics also serve an important role in endodontics according to previous research reports. Firstly, bioceramics affect cellular behavior of cells such as stem cells, osteoblasts, osteoclasts, fibroblasts and immune cells. On the other hand, cell reaction to bioceramics determines the effect of wound healing and tissue repair following bioceramics implantation. The aim of the present review was to provide an overview of calcium silicate-based bioceramics currently applied in endodontics, including mineral trioxide aggregate, Bioaggregate, Biodentine and iRoot, focusing on their in vitro biocompatibility and bioactivity. Understanding their underlying mechanism may help to ensure these materials are applied appropriately in endodontics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wencheng Song
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Shue Li
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Qingming Tang
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Lili Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
| | - Zhenglin Yuan
- Department of Stomatology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P.R. China
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27
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Xiong H, Chen K. Multipotent stem cells from apical pulp of human deciduous teeth with immature apex. Tissue Cell 2021; 71:101556. [PMID: 34082260 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2021.101556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/09/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Isolation of high-quality human postnatal stem cells from accessible sources is an important goal for dental tissue engineering. Stem cells from developing organs are a better cell source but are hard to obtain. With extensive caries that are difficult to restore, the extracted deciduous tooth with an immature apex is a developing organ for investigation. In the present study, a cell population from the tip of apical pulp of human deciduous teeth with an immature apex was isolated and termed apical pulp-derived cells of deciduous teeth (De-APDCs). De-APDCs expressed STRO-1, CD44, CD90 and CD105 but not CD34 or CD45. Furthermore, De-APDCs demonstrated a significantly higher clonogenic and proliferative ability and osteo/dentinogenic differentiation capacity than dental pulp cells from exfoliated deciduous teeth (De-DPCs) (P < 0.05). Differentiation potential toward adipogenic, neurogenic and chondrogenic lineages was also observed in induced De-APDCs. In addition, after De-APDCs were seeded into hydroxyapatite/tricalcium phosphate (HA/TCP) scaffolds and transplanted into nude mice, they were able to regenerate dentin/pulp-like structures aligned with human odontoblast-like cells. In conclusion, De-APDCs, which are derived from a developing tissue, represent an accessible and prospective cell source for tooth regeneration.
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28
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Pilbauerova N, Schmidt J, Soukup T, Koberova Ivancakova R, Suchanek J. The Effects of Cryogenic Storage on Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:4432. [PMID: 33922674 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094432] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) are a type of easily accessible adult mesenchymal stem cell. Due to their ease of access, DPSCs show great promise in regenerative medicine. However, the tooth extractions from which DPSCs can be obtained are usually performed at a period of life when donors would have no therapeutic need of them. For this reason, it is imperative that successful stem cell storage techniques are employed so that these cells remain viable for future use. Any such techniques must result in high post-thaw stem cell recovery without compromising stemness, proliferation, or multipotency. Uncontrolled-rate freezing is not a technically or financially demanding technique compared to expensive and laborious controlled-rate freezing techniques. This study was aimed at observing the effect of uncontrolled-rate freezing on DPSCs stored for 6 and 12 months. Dimethyl sulfoxide at a concentration of 10% was used as a cryoprotective agent. Various features such as shape, proliferation capacity, phenotype, and multipotency were studied after DPSC thawing. The DPSCs did not compromise their stemness, viability, proliferation, or differentiating capabilities, even after one year of cryopreservation at −80 °C. After thawing, they retained their stemness markers and low-level expression of hematopoietic markers. We observed a size reduction in recovery DPSCs after one year of storage. This observation indicates that DPSCs can be successfully used in potential clinical applications, even after a year of uncontrolled cryopreservation.
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29
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Ahmed U, Ahmed R, Masoud MS, Tariq M, Ashfaq UA, Augustine R, Hasan A. Stem cells based in vitro models: trends and prospects in biomaterials cytotoxicity studies. Biomed Mater 2021; 16:042003. [PMID: 33686970 DOI: 10.1088/1748-605x/abe6d8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Advanced biomaterials are increasingly used for numerous medical applications from the delivery of cancer-targeted therapeutics to the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. The issues of foreign body reactions induced by biomaterials must be controlled for preventing treatment failure. Therefore, it is important to assess the biocompatibility and cytotoxicity of biomaterials on cell culture systems before proceeding to in vivo studies in animal models and subsequent clinical trials. Direct use of biomaterials on animals create technical challenges and ethical issues and therefore, the use of non-animal models such as stem cell cultures could be useful for determination of their safety. However, failure to recapitulate the complex in vivo microenvironment have largely restricted stem cell cultures for testing the cytotoxicity of biomaterials. Nevertheless, properties of stem cells such as their self-renewal and ability to differentiate into various cell lineages make them an ideal candidate for in vitro screening studies. Furthermore, the application of stem cells in biomaterials screening studies may overcome the challenges associated with the inability to develop a complex heterogeneous tissue using primary cells. Currently, embryonic stem cells, adult stem cells, and induced pluripotent stem cells are being used as in vitro preliminary biomaterials testing models with demonstrated advantages over mature primary cell or cell line based in vitro models. This review discusses the status and future directions of in vitro stem cell-based cultures and their derivatives such as spheroids and organoids for the screening of their safety before their application to animal models and human in translational research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uzair Ahmed
- Department of Bioinformatics and Biotechnology, Government College University Faisalabad, Faisalabad 38000 Punjab, Pakistan
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El-rashidy AA, Radwan IA, Rady D, El Moshy S, Abbass MMS, Sadek KM, Ezz El-arab A, Fawzy El-sayed KM. Dental Mesenchymal Stem/Progenitor Cells: A New Prospect in Regenerative Medicine. Stem Cells 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-77052-5_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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de Souza GL, Moura CCG, Silva ACA, Marinho JZ, Silva TR, Dantas NO, Bonvicini JFS, Turrioni AP. Effects of zinc oxide and calcium-doped zinc oxide nanocrystals on cytotoxicity and reactive oxygen species production in different cell culture models. Restor Dent Endod 2020; 45:e54. [PMID: 33294419 PMCID: PMC7691257 DOI: 10.5395/rde.2020.45.e54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2020] [Revised: 04/28/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives This study aimed to synthesize nanocrystals (NCs) of zinc oxide (ZnO) and calcium ion (Ca2+)-doped ZnO with different percentages of calcium oxide (CaO), to evaluate cytotoxicity and to assess the effects of the most promising NCs on cytotoxicity depending on lipopolysaccharide (LPS) stimulation. Materials and Methods Nanomaterials were synthesized (ZnO and ZnO:xCa, x = 0.7; 1.0; 5.0; 9.0) and characterized using X-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy, and methylene blue degradation. SAOS-2 and RAW 264.7 were treated with NCs, and evaluated for viability using the MTT assay. NCs with lower cytotoxicity were maintained in contact with LPS-stimulated (+LPS) and nonstimulated (−LPS) human dental pulp cells (hDPCs). Cell viability, nitric oxide (NO), and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were evaluated. Cells kept in culture medium or LPS served as negative and positive controls, respectively. One-way analysis of variance and the Dunnett test (α = 0.05) were used for statistical testing. Results ZnO:0.7Ca and ZnO:1.0Ca at 10 µg/mL were not cytotoxic to SAOS-2 and RAW 264.7. +LPS and −LPS hDPCs treated with ZnO, ZnO:0.7Ca, and ZnO:1.0Ca presented similar NO production to negative control (p > 0.05) and lower production compared to positive control (p < 0.05). All NCs showed reduced ROS production compared with the positive control group both in +LPS and −LPS cells (p < 0.05). Conclusions NCs were successfully synthesized. ZnO, ZnO:0.7Ca and ZnO:1.0Ca presented the highest percentages of cell viability, decreased ROS and NO production in +LPS cells, and maintenance of NO production at basal levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Leite de Souza
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Anielle Christine Almeida Silva
- Functional and New Nanostructured Materials Laboratory, Physics Institute, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brazil
| | | | - Thaynara Rodrigues Silva
- Department of Endodontics, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil.,Functional and New Nanostructured Materials Laboratory, Physics Institute, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brazil
| | - Noelio Oliveira Dantas
- Functional and New Nanostructured Materials Laboratory, Physics Institute, Federal University of Alagoas, Maceió, AL, Brazil
| | | | - Ana Paula Turrioni
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, MG, Brazil
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Sanz JL, Forner L, Llena C, Guerrero-Gironés J, Melo M, Rengo S, Spagnuolo G, Rodríguez-Lozano FJ. Cytocompatibility and Bioactive Properties of Hydraulic Calcium Silicate-Based Cements (HCSCs) on Stem Cells from Human Exfoliated Deciduous Teeth (SHEDs): A Systematic Review of In Vitro Studies. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9123872. [PMID: 33260782 PMCID: PMC7761433 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9123872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 11/20/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The implementation of hydraulic calcium silicate-based endodontic cements (HCSCs) in biologically based endodontic procedures for the primary dentition has been recently investigated, focusing on the biological response of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth (SHEDs) towards them. The present systematic review aimed to present a qualitative synthesis of the available literature consisting of in vitro assays, which assessed the cytocompatibility and bioactive properties of HCSCs in direct contact with SHEDs. Following the PRISMA statement, an electronic database search was carried out in Medline, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and SciELO on March 31st and updated on November 16th, 2020. In vitro studies evaluating the biological response of SHEDs to the treatment with HCSCs were eligible. Within the term biological response, assays assessing the cytocompatibility (i.e., cell viability, migration, proliferation), cell plasticity or differentiation (i.e., osteo/odontogenic marker expression), and bioactivity or biomineralization (i.e., mineralized nodule formation) were included. A total of seven studies were included after the selection process. The study sample comprised an extensive range of cell viability, migration, proliferation, adhesion, and bioactivity assays regarding the biological response of SHEDs towards five different commercially available HCSCs (MTA, ProRoot MTA, Biodentine, iRoot BP Plus, and Theracal LC). Biodentine, MTA, and iRoot BP Plus showed significant positive results in cytocompatibility and bioactivity assays when cultured with SHEDs. The results from in vitro assays assessing the cytocompatibility and bioactivity of the HCSCs MTA, Biodentine, and iRoot BP Plus towards SHEDs support their use in vital pulp treatment for the primary dentition.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Luis Sanz
- Departament d’Estomatologia, Facultat de Medicina I Odontologia, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (J.L.S.); (C.L.); (M.M.)
| | - Leopoldo Forner
- Departament d’Estomatologia, Facultat de Medicina I Odontologia, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (J.L.S.); (C.L.); (M.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-963864175
| | - Carmen Llena
- Departament d’Estomatologia, Facultat de Medicina I Odontologia, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (J.L.S.); (C.L.); (M.M.)
| | - Julia Guerrero-Gironés
- Cellular Therapy and Hematopoietic Transplant Research Group, Biomedical Research Institute, Virgen de la Arrixaca Clinical University Hospital, IMIB-Arrixaca, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain; (J.G.-G.); (F.J.R.-L.)
- Department of Dermatology, Stomatology, Radiology and Physical Medicine, Morales Meseguer Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
| | - María Melo
- Departament d’Estomatologia, Facultat de Medicina I Odontologia, Universitat de València, 46010 Valencia, Spain; (J.L.S.); (C.L.); (M.M.)
| | - Sandro Rengo
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80138 Napoli, Italy; (S.R.); (G.S.)
| | - Gianrico Spagnuolo
- Department of Neurosciences, Reproductive and Odontostomatological Sciences, University of Naples “Federico II”, 80138 Napoli, Italy; (S.R.); (G.S.)
- Institute of Dentistry, I. M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow 119146, Russia
| | - Francisco Javier Rodríguez-Lozano
- Cellular Therapy and Hematopoietic Transplant Research Group, Biomedical Research Institute, Virgen de la Arrixaca Clinical University Hospital, IMIB-Arrixaca, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain; (J.G.-G.); (F.J.R.-L.)
- Department of Dermatology, Stomatology, Radiology and Physical Medicine, Morales Meseguer Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain
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Petrescu NB, Jurj A, Sorițău O, Lucaciu OP, Dirzu N, Raduly L, Berindan-Neagoe I, Cenariu M, Boșca BA, Campian RS, Ilea A. Cannabidiol and Vitamin D3 Impact on Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Dental Mesenchymal Stem Cells. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 56:medicina56110607. [PMID: 33198232 PMCID: PMC7697067 DOI: 10.3390/medicina56110607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2020] [Revised: 11/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Background and objective: The aim of the present study was to establish a new differentiation protocol using cannabidiol (CBD) and vitamin D3 (Vit. D3) for a better and faster osteogenic differentiation of dental tissue derived mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). Materials and methods: MSCs were harvested from dental follicle (DFSCs), dental pulp (DPSCs), and apical papilla (APSCs) of an impacted third molar of a 17-year old patient. The stem cells were isolated and characterized using flow cytometry; reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR); and osteogenic, chondrogenic, and adipogenic differentiation. The effects of CBD and Vit. D3 on osteogenic differentiation of dental-derived stem cell were evaluated in terms of viability/metabolic activity by alamar test, expression of collagen1A, osteopontin (OP), osteocalcin (OC), and osteonectin genes and by quantification of calcium deposits by alizarin red assay. Results: Stem cell characterization revealed more typical stemness characteristics for DFSCs and DPSCs and atypical morphology and markers expression for APSCs, a phenotype that was confirmed by differences in multipotential ability. The RT-PCR quantification of bone matrix proteins expression revealed a different behavior for each cell type, APSCs having the best response for CBD. DPSCs showed the best osteogenic potential when treated with Vit. D3. Cultivation of DFSC in standard stem cell conditions induced the highest expression of osteogenic genes, suggesting the spontaneous differentiation capacity of these cells. Regarding mineralization, alizarin red assay indicated that DFSCs and APSCs were the most responsive to low doses of CBD and Vit. D3. DPSCs had the lowest mineralization levels, with a slightly better response to Vit. D3. Conclusions: This study provides evidence that DFSCs, DPSCs, and APSCs respond differently to osteoinduction stimuli and that CBD and Vit. D3 can enhance osteogenic differentiation of these types of cells under certain conditions and doses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nausica B. Petrescu
- Department of Oral Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, Victor Babes Street, No. 15, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (N.B.P.); (R.S.C.)
| | - Ancuta Jurj
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Gheorghe Marinescu Street, No. 23, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.J.); (L.R.); (I.B.-N.)
- Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, “Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta” Oncology Institute, Republicii Street, No. 34-36, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Olga Sorițău
- Radiotherapy, Radio-biology and Tumor Biology Laboratory, The Oncology Institute “Prof. dr. Ion Chiricuta”, Republicii Street, No. 34-36, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Ondine P. Lucaciu
- Department of Oral Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, Victor Babes Street, No. 15, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (N.B.P.); (R.S.C.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +40-743-140-777
| | - Noemi Dirzu
- Research Center for Advanced Medicine, MedFuture, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, Louis Pasteur Street, No, 4, 400000 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Lajos Raduly
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Gheorghe Marinescu Street, No. 23, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.J.); (L.R.); (I.B.-N.)
- Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, “Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta” Oncology Institute, Republicii Street, No. 34-36, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ioana Berindan-Neagoe
- Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, “Iuliu Hatieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Gheorghe Marinescu Street, No. 23, 400337 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (A.J.); (L.R.); (I.B.-N.)
- Department of Functional Genomics and Experimental Pathology, “Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta” Oncology Institute, Republicii Street, No. 34-36, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihai Cenariu
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Calea Manastur, No. 3-5, 400372 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Bianca A. Boșca
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Louis Pasteur Street, No. 6, 400349 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
| | - Radu S. Campian
- Department of Oral Health, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, Victor Babes Street, No. 15, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania; (N.B.P.); (R.S.C.)
| | - Aranka Ilea
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, University of Medicine and Pharmacy “Iuliu Hatieganu”, Victor Babes street, No. 15, 400012 Cluj-Napoca, Romania;
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Thammajak P, Louwakul P, Srisuwan T. Effects of cold atmospheric pressure plasma jet on human apical papilla cell proliferation, mineralization, and attachment. Clin Oral Investig 2021; 25:3275-83. [PMID: 33104928 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-020-03659-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Accepted: 10/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the direct effects of cold atmospheric pressure plasma jet on cell proliferation and mineralization on human apical papilla cells and its indirect effect on cell attachment on plasma-treated dentin. MATERIALS AND METHODS Plasma was directly applied to cell culture for various durations. Cell proliferation was evaluated using AlamarBlue® assay. Mineralization was assessed using Alizarin Red S staining after 14 and 21 days. The cell attachment to plasma-treated dentin surface was evaluated using an ex vivo immature tooth model, and the protocols varied based on root canal irrigants (NSS or 17% EDTA), the durations of plasma application (0, 30, or 60 s), and the different positions of the plasma needle (coronal or middle). The attached cells were visualized using the immunofluorescence staining and the positive-staining cells were counted. RESULTS There was no difference in the cell proliferation between the untreated and plasma-treated cells. However, the plasma-treated cells tended to have lower levels of calcium deposition, especially after the 60-s plasma application (p < 0.05). Finally, significantly greater numbers of attached cells were shown when NSS was combined with plasma treatment when compared to the untreated cells (p < 0.05), whereas no difference was observed when EDTA was used as the irrigant. CONCLUSIONS Plasma might disturb the mineralization of the cells. Interestingly, the dentin conditioning process using a plasma jet with NSS irrigation may enhance cell attachment. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Cold atmospheric pressure plasma jet may be an alternative treatment in regenerative endodontic procedures in order to improve cell attachment in the root canal system.
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Granz CL, Gorji A. Dental stem cells: The role of biomaterials and scaffolds in developing novel therapeutic strategies. World J Stem Cells 2020; 12:897-921. [PMID: 33033554 PMCID: PMC7524692 DOI: 10.4252/wjsc.v12.i9.897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 06/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental stem cells (DSCs) are self-renewable cells that can be obtained easily from dental tissues, and are a desirable source of autologous stem cells. The use of DSCs for stem cell transplantation therapeutic approaches is attractive due to their simple isolation, high plasticity, immunomodulatory properties, and multipotential abilities. Using appropriate scaffolds loaded with favorable biomolecules, such as growth factors, and cytokines, can improve the proliferation, differentiation, migration, and functional capacity of DSCs and can optimize the cellular morphology to build tissue constructs for specific purposes. An enormous variety of scaffolds have been used for tissue engineering with DSCs. Of these, the scaffolds that particularly mimic tissue-specific micromilieu and loaded with biomolecules favorably regulate angiogenesis, cell-matrix interactions, degradation of extracellular matrix, organized matrix formation, and the mineralization abilities of DSCs in both in vitro and in vivo conditions. DSCs represent a promising cell source for tissue engineering, especially for tooth, bone, and neural tissue restoration. The purpose of the present review is to summarize the current developments in the major scaffolding approaches as crucial guidelines for tissue engineering using DSCs and compare their effects in tissue and organ regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cornelia Larissa Granz
- Epilepsy Research Center, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster 48149, Germany
| | - Ali Gorji
- Epilepsy Research Center, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Münster 48149, Germany
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Zafar MS, Amin F, Fareed MA, Ghabbani H, Riaz S, Khurshid Z, Kumar N. Biomimetic Aspects of Restorative Dentistry Biomaterials. Biomimetics (Basel) 2020; 5:biomimetics5030034. [PMID: 32679703 PMCID: PMC7557867 DOI: 10.3390/biomimetics5030034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Biomimetic has emerged as a multi-disciplinary science in several biomedical subjects in recent decades, including biomaterials and dentistry. In restorative dentistry, biomimetic approaches have been applied for a range of applications, such as restoring tooth defects using bioinspired peptides to achieve remineralization, bioactive and biomimetic biomaterials, and tissue engineering for regeneration. Advancements in the modern adhesive restorative materials, understanding of biomaterial–tissue interaction at the nano and microscale further enhanced the restorative materials’ properties (such as color, morphology, and strength) to mimic natural teeth. In addition, the tissue-engineering approaches resulted in regeneration of lost or damaged dental tissues mimicking their natural counterpart. The aim of the present article is to review various biomimetic approaches used to replace lost or damaged dental tissues using restorative biomaterials and tissue-engineering techniques. In addition, tooth structure, and various biomimetic properties of dental restorative materials and tissue-engineering scaffold materials, are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Sohail Zafar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al Madinah, Al Munawwarah 41311, Saudi Arabia;
- Department of Dental Materials, Islamic International Dental College, Riphah International University, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +966-14-8618888
| | - Faiza Amin
- Science of Dental Materials Department, Dow Dental College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi 74200, Pakistan;
| | - Muhmmad Amber Fareed
- Adult Restorative Dentistry, Dental Biomaterials and Prosthodontics Oman Dental College, Muscat 116, Sultanate of Oman;
| | - Hani Ghabbani
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, College of Dentistry, Taibah University, Al Madinah, Al Munawwarah 41311, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Samiya Riaz
- School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia Health Campus, Kubang Kerian 16150, Kelantan, Malaysia;
| | - Zohaib Khurshid
- Department of Prosthodontics and Dental Implantology, College of Dentistry, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa 31982, Saudia Arabia;
| | - Naresh Kumar
- Department of Science of Dental Materials, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi 74200, Pakistan;
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Rodríguez-Lozano FJ, Oñate-Sánchez R, Gonzálvez-García M, Vallés-Bergadá M, Martínez CM, Revilla-Nuin B, Guerrero-Gironés J, Moraleda JM, García-Bernal D. Allogeneic Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation in Tooth Extractions Sites Ameliorates the Incidence of Osteonecrotic Jaw-Like Lesions in Zoledronic Acid-Treated Rats. J Clin Med 2020; 9:jcm9061649. [PMID: 32486396 PMCID: PMC7355877 DOI: 10.3390/jcm9061649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is defined as the exposed necrotic bone involving the maxillofacial structures in bisphosphonate treated patients, and the pathophysiology of this disease remains unclear. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of the allogeneic transplantation of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BM-MSCs) in a model of Wistar mice with induced MRONJ disease. BM-MSCs from five male Wistar rats were characterized and cultured on β-tricalcium phosphate (β-TCP) granules. Thirty female Wistar rats were injected intraperitoneally with zoledronic acid and afterwards upper jaw molars were extracted. The animals were randomized to receive: Group 1: 1 × 106 BM-MSCs/β-TCP construct in the alveolar socket; and Group 2: Saline solution/β-TCP construct. A clinical and histological analysis was performed. Nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was assessed to verify the presence of transplanted male rat cells in the female recipient jaws. Clinical and histological findings evidenced that none of the animals in Group 1 exhibited uncovered sockets or bone exposure associated to MRONJ, whereas we detected 33% of MRONJ cases in Group 2. In addition, male rat cells were detected in the maxillae site four weeks after transplantation in the BM-MSCs-group. Allogeneic BM-MSCs in extractions sites ameliorates MRONJ incidence in zoledronic acid-treated rats compared to non-MSC treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francisco Javier Rodríguez-Lozano
- Special Care in Dentistry-Gerodontology Unit, Department of Dermatology, Stomatology, Radiology and Physical Medicine, Morales Meseguer Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30008 Murcia, Spain; (R.O.-S.); (J.G.-G.)
- Research Group Cellular Therapy and Hematopoietic Transplant, Biomedical Research Institute, Virgen de la Arrixaca Clinical University Hospital, IMIB-Arrixaca, University of Murcia, Avenida Buenavista s/n, 30120 Murcia, Spain; (J.M.M.); (D.G.-B.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-868889518
| | - Ricardo Oñate-Sánchez
- Special Care in Dentistry-Gerodontology Unit, Department of Dermatology, Stomatology, Radiology and Physical Medicine, Morales Meseguer Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30008 Murcia, Spain; (R.O.-S.); (J.G.-G.)
| | | | - Marta Vallés-Bergadá
- Dental and Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, Quirónsalud Torrevieja, Partida de la Loma, s/n, 03184 Torrevieja, Alicante, Spain;
| | - Carlos M. Martínez
- Experimental Pathology Unit, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia-Arrixaca, IMIB-Arrixaca, 30120 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Beatriz Revilla-Nuin
- Genomics Unit, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia-Arrixaca, IMIB-Arrixaca, 30120 Murcia, Spain;
| | - Julia Guerrero-Gironés
- Special Care in Dentistry-Gerodontology Unit, Department of Dermatology, Stomatology, Radiology and Physical Medicine, Morales Meseguer Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30008 Murcia, Spain; (R.O.-S.); (J.G.-G.)
| | - Jose M. Moraleda
- Research Group Cellular Therapy and Hematopoietic Transplant, Biomedical Research Institute, Virgen de la Arrixaca Clinical University Hospital, IMIB-Arrixaca, University of Murcia, Avenida Buenavista s/n, 30120 Murcia, Spain; (J.M.M.); (D.G.-B.)
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain
| | - David García-Bernal
- Research Group Cellular Therapy and Hematopoietic Transplant, Biomedical Research Institute, Virgen de la Arrixaca Clinical University Hospital, IMIB-Arrixaca, University of Murcia, Avenida Buenavista s/n, 30120 Murcia, Spain; (J.M.M.); (D.G.-B.)
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Murcia, 30120 Murcia, Spain
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Inostroza C, Vega-Letter AM, Brizuela C, Castrillón L, Saint Jean N, Duran CM, Carrión F. Mesenchymal Stem Cells Derived from Human Inflamed Dental Pulp Exhibit Impaired Immunomodulatory Capacity In Vitro. J Endod 2020; 46:1091-1098.e2. [PMID: 32422164 DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2020.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dental pulp stem cells (DPSC) are very attractive in regenerative medicine. In this study, we focused on the characterization of the functional properties of mesenchymal stem cells derived from DPSCs. Currently, it is unknown whether inflammatory conditions present in an inflamed dental pulp tissue could alter the immunomodulatory properties of DPSCs. This study aimed to evaluate the immunomodulatory capacity in vitro of DPSCs derived from healthy and inflamed dental pulp. METHODS DPSCs from 10 healthy and inflamed dental pulps (irreversible pulpitis) were characterized according to the minimal criteria of the International Society for Cell Therapy, proliferation, differential potential, and colony-forming units. Furthermore, the immunomodulatory capacity of DPSCs was tested on the proliferation of T lymphocytes by flow cytometry and the in vitro enzyme activity of indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase. RESULTS There were no significant differences in the DPSC characteristics and properties such as immunophenotype, tridifferentiation, colony-forming units, and proliferation of the DPSCs derived from normal and inflamed pulp tissue. Furthermore, there were significant differences in the immunomodulatory capacity of DPSCs obtained from human healthy dental pulp and with the diagnosis of irreversible pulpitis. CONCLUSIONS Our results showed that DPSCs isolated from inflamed dental pulp showed typical characteristics of MSCs and diminished immunosuppressive capacity in vitro in comparison with MSCs derived from healthy dental pulp. Further investigation in vivo is needed to clarify the mechanism of this diminished immunosuppressive capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ana María Vega-Letter
- Programa de Inmunología Traslacional, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Lo Barnechea, Santiago, Chile
| | - Claudia Brizuela
- Dental School, Universidad de Los Andes, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Luis Castrillón
- Dental School, Universidad de Los Andes, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Nicole Saint Jean
- Dental School, Universidad de Los Andes, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carol Mira Duran
- Dental School, Universidad de Los Andes, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile
| | - Flavio Carrión
- Programa de Inmunología Traslacional, Facultad de Medicina, Clínica Alemana Universidad del Desarrollo, Lo Barnechea, Santiago, Chile.
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Ji F, Pan J, Shen Z, Yang Z, Wang J, Bai X, Tao J. The Circular RNA circRNA124534 Promotes Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells Through Modulation of the miR-496/β-Catenin Pathway. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:230. [PMID: 32318572 PMCID: PMC7146058 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.00230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 03/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Circular RNAs (circRNAs) have been found to be a crucial role in stem cell-associated bone regeneration. However, the functions and underlying mechanisms of circRNAs in the osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) remain largely unclear. We found that overexpression of circRNA124534 unexpectedly promoted DPSCs osteogenesis in vitro and in vivo. Our results confirmed circRNA124534, acting as a miRNA sponge, directly interacts with miR-496 and consequently regulates β-catenin, which in turn exerts osteogenesis of DPSCs. Enforced expression of miR-496 reversed the osteogenesis of circRNA124534, and suppression of miR-496 enhanced the osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs by promoting β-catenin. In conclusion, our findings demonstrate functions of circRNA124534 in modulating osteogenic differentiation through the miR-496/β-catenin pathway; thus, providing a novel potential target for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Ji
- Department of Orthodontics, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jing Pan
- Department of Orthodontics, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhecheng Shen
- Department of Orthodontics, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhao Yang
- Department of Orthodontics, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.,National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.,Department of General Dentistry, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuebing Bai
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.,Department of General Dentistry, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiang Tao
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Stomatology and Shanghai Research Institute of Stomatology, Shanghai, China.,Department of General Dentistry, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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Ayoub S, Berbéri A, Fayyad-Kazan M. An update on human periapical cyst-mesenchymal stem cells and their potential applications in regenerative medicine. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:2381-2389. [PMID: 32026284 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05298-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 01/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The broad clinical applications of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (MSCs) in the regenerative medicine field is attributed to their ability to self-renew and differentiate into multiple cellular lineages. Nowadays, MSCs can be derived from a variety of adult and fetal tissues including bone marrow, adipose tissue, umbilical cord and placenta. The difficulties associated with the isolation of MSCs from certain tissues such as bone marrow promoted the search for alternative tissues which are easily accessible. Oral derived MSCs include dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs), dental follicle progenitor cells (DFPC), and periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSC). Being abundant and easily accessible, oral derived MSCs represent an interesting alternative MSC type to be employed in regenerative medicine. Human periapical cyst-mesenchymal stem cells (hPCy-MSCs) correspond to a newly discovered and characterized MSC subtype. Interestingly, hPCy-MSCs are collected from periapical cysts, which are a biological waste, without any influence on the other healthy tissues in oral cavity. hPCy-MSCs exhibit cell surface marker profile similar to that of other oral derived MSCs, show high proliferative potency, and possess the potential to differentiate into different cell types such as osteoblasts, adipocytes and neurons-like cells. hPCy-MSCs, therefore, represent a novel promising MSCs type to be applied in regenerative medicine domain. In this review, we will compare the different types of dental derived MSCs, we will highlight the isolation technique, the characteristics, and the therapeutic potential of hPCy-MSCs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ayoub
- Department of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Antoine Berbéri
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mohammad Fayyad-Kazan
- Laboratory of Cancer Biology and Molecular Immunology, Faculty of Sciences-I, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon. .,Department of Natural Sciences, School of Arts and Sciences, Lebanese American University, Beirut, Lebanon.
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Rodríguez-lozano FJ, López-garcía S, García-bernal D, Pecci-lloret MR, Guerrero-gironés J, Pecci-lloret MP, Lozano A, Llena C, Spagnuolo G, Forner L. In Vitro Effect of Putty Calcium Silicate Materials on Human Periodontal Ligament Stem Cells. Applied Sciences 2020; 10:325. [DOI: 10.3390/app10010325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
New bioactive materials have been developed for retrograde root filling. These materials come into contact with vital tissues and facilitate biomineralization and apical repair. The objective of this study was to evaluate the cytocompatibility and bioactivity of two bioactive cements, Bio-C Repair (Angelus, Londrina, Pr, Brazil) and TotalFill BC RRM putty (FGK, Dentaire SA, La-Chaux-de-fonds, Switzerland). The biological properties in human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) that were exposed to Bio-C Repair and TotalFill BC RRM putty were studied. Cell viability, migration, and cell adhesion were analyzed. Moreover, qPCR and mineralization assay were performed to evaluate the bioactivity potential of these cements. The results were statistically analyzed using ANOVA and the Tukey test (p < 0.05). It was observed that cell viability and cell migration in Bio-C Repair and TotalFill BC RRM putty were similar to the control without statistically significant differences, except at 72 h when TotalFill BC RRM putty was slightly lower (p < 0.05). Excellent cell adhesion and morphology were observed with both Bio-C Repair and TotalFill BC RRM putty. Both cements promoted the osteo- and cementogenic differentiation of hPDLSCs. These results suggest that Bio-C Repair and TotalFill BC RRM putty are biologically appropriate materials to be used as retrograde obturation material.
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Bonaventura G, Incontro S, Iemmolo R, La Cognata V, Barbagallo I, Costanzo E, Barcellona ML, Pellitteri R, Cavallaro S. Dental mesenchymal stem cells and neuro-regeneration: a focus on spinal cord injury. Cell Tissue Res. 2020;379:421-428. [PMID: 31776822 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-019-03109-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2018] [Accepted: 09/22/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Regenerative medicine is a branch of translational research that aims to reestablish irreparably damaged tissues and organs by stimulating the body's own repair mechanisms via the implantation of stem cells differentiated into specialized cell types. A rich source of adult stem cells is located inside the tooth and is represented by human dental pulp stem cells, or hDPSCs. These cells are characterized by a high proliferative rate, have self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation properties and are often used for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. The present review will provide an overview of hDPSCs and related features with a special focus on their potential applications in regenerative medicine of the nervous system, such as, for example, after spinal cord injury. Recent advances in the identification and characterization of dental stem cells and in dental tissue engineering strategies suggest that bioengineering approaches may successfully be used to regenerate districts of the central nervous system, previously considered irreparable.
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Fang F, Zhang K, Chen Z, Wu B. Noncoding RNAs: new insights into the odontogenic differentiation of dental tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells. Stem Cell Res Ther 2019; 10:297. [PMID: 31547871 PMCID: PMC6757432 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-019-1411-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2019] [Revised: 08/28/2019] [Accepted: 09/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Odontoblasts are cells that contribute to the formation of the dental pulp complex. The differentiation of dental tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells into odontoblasts comprises many factors and signaling pathways. Noncoding RNAs (ncRNAs), comprising a substantial part of poly-A tail mature RNAs, are considered “transcriptional noise.” Emerging evidence has shown that ncRNAs have key functions in the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells. In this review, we discussed two major types of ncRNAs, including microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), in terms of their role in the odontogenic differentiation of dental tissue-derived stem cells. Recent findings have demonstrated important functions for miRNAs and lncRNAs in odontogenic differentiation. It is expected that ncRNAs will become promising therapeutic targets for dentin regeneration based on stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuchun Fang
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.,College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, 1838 GuangZhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Kaiying Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China
| | - Buling Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, 1838 Guangzhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China. .,College of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, 1838 GuangZhou Avenue North, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, People's Republic of China.
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Novello S, Debouche A, Philippe M, Naudet F, Jeanne S. Clinical application of mesenchymal stem cells in periodontal regeneration: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Periodontal Res 2019; 55:1-12. [PMID: 31378933 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 06/16/2019] [Accepted: 06/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the potential efficacy of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in periodontal regeneration in humans on the following main outcomes: clinical attachment level (CAL), probing depth (PD), and gingival recession (GR). BACKGROUND The clinical application of stem cells in periodontal regeneration has begun in recent years, but clinical practices are not yet standardized and no recommendations are available at this time. METHODS Electronic database searches and hand searches were conducted. All types of studies, case series, and case reports were qualitatively described. Double-blind randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating MSCs in periodontal regeneration were included in a meta-analysis if they compared administration of MSCs vs application of stem cell-free therapy in the control group, in healthy patients with periodontal defects, with a minimum of three mo of follow-up. RESULTS Fifteen reports were included in qualitative analysis, involving 123 patients and 158 periodontal defects. Only two small RCTs at high risk of bias, with a total of 59 patients and 70 periodontal defects, were included in the meta-analysis. A small but significant difference between test and control groups was found for CAL at three mo (-0.90 mm, 95% CI [-1.51; -0.29]), but not for PD and GR. CONCLUSION Low-quality evidence suggests that MSC-based therapy may have a small impact on periodontal regeneration. However, due to the monocentric character, the small sample size, and potential heterogeneity across the two included RCTs, these results must not be considered as definitive. High-quality RCTs are needed before any clinical use of MSCs in periodontal regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solen Novello
- ISCR [(Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)] - UMR 6226, Univ Rennes, Rennes, France.,Unité de Formation et de Recherche d'Odontologie, Univ Rennes, Rennes, France.,Pôle d'Odontologie, UF Parodontologie, CHU Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Alexandre Debouche
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche d'Odontologie, Univ Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Marie Philippe
- Unité de Formation et de Recherche d'Odontologie, Univ Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Florian Naudet
- CHU Rennes, Inserm, CIC 1414 [(Centre d'Investigation Clinique de Rennes)], Univ Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Sylvie Jeanne
- ISCR [(Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)] - UMR 6226, Univ Rennes, Rennes, France.,Unité de Formation et de Recherche d'Odontologie, Univ Rennes, Rennes, France.,Pôle d'Odontologie, UF Parodontologie, CHU Rennes, Rennes, France
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Quesada MP, García-Bernal D, Pastor D, Estirado A, Blanquer M, García-Hernández AM, Moraleda JM, Martínez S. Safety and Biodistribution of Human Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Injected Intrathecally in Non-Obese Diabetic Severe Combined Immunodeficiency Mice: Preclinical Study. Tissue Eng Regen Med 2019; 16:525-538. [PMID: 31624707 DOI: 10.1007/s13770-019-00202-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) have potent immunomodulatory and neuroprotective properties, and have been tested in neurodegenerative diseases resulting in meaningful clinical improvements. Regulatory guidelines specify the need to perform preclinical studies prior any clinical trial, including biodistribution assays and tumourigenesis exclusion. We conducted a preclinical study of human bone marrow MSCs (hBM-MSCs) injected by intrathecal route in Non-Obese Diabetic Severe Combined Immunodeficiency mice, to explore cellular biodistribution and toxicity as a privileged administration method for cell therapy in Friedreich's Ataxia. Methods For this purpose, 3 × 105 cells were injected by intrathecal route in 12 animals (experimental group) and the same volume of culture media in 6 animals (control group). Blood samples were collected at 24 h (n = 9) or 4 months (n = 9) to assess toxicity, and nine organs were harvested for histology and safety studies. Genomic DNA was isolated from all tissues, and mouse GAPDH and human β2M and β-actin genes were amplified by qPCR to analyze hBM-MSCs biodistribution. Results There were no deaths nor acute or chronic toxicity. Hematology, biochemistry and body weight were in the range of normal values in all groups. At 24 h hBM-MSCs were detected in 4/6 spinal cords and 1/6 hearts, and at 4 months in 3/6 hearts and 1/6 brains of transplanted mice. No tumours were found. Conclusion This study demonstrated that intrathecal injection of hBM-MSCs is safe, non toxic and do not produce tumors. These results provide further evidence that hBM-MSCs might be used in a clinical trial in patients with FRDA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mari Paz Quesada
- 1Cellular Therapy and Hematopoietic Transplant Unit, Hematology Department, Virgen de la Arrixaca Clinical University Hospital, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum" University of Murcia, Carretera Acceso Urbanización Buenavista (1ªizda), 30120 El Palmar, Murcia, Spain
| | - David García-Bernal
- 1Cellular Therapy and Hematopoietic Transplant Unit, Hematology Department, Virgen de la Arrixaca Clinical University Hospital, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum" University of Murcia, Carretera Acceso Urbanización Buenavista (1ªizda), 30120 El Palmar, Murcia, Spain.,2Internal Medicine Department, Medicine School, University of Murcia, Virgen de la Arrixaca Clinical University Hospital, Ctra. Madrid-Cartagena, s/n, 30120 El Palmar, Murcia, Spain
| | - Diego Pastor
- 3Sport Research Center, University Miguel Hernández of Elche, Av. de la Universidad s/n, 03202 Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | - Alicia Estirado
- 4Neuroscience Institute UMH-CSIC, University Miguel Hernández of Elche, Carretera de Valencia, Km 18, 03550 San Juan, Alicante, Spain
| | - Miguel Blanquer
- 1Cellular Therapy and Hematopoietic Transplant Unit, Hematology Department, Virgen de la Arrixaca Clinical University Hospital, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum" University of Murcia, Carretera Acceso Urbanización Buenavista (1ªizda), 30120 El Palmar, Murcia, Spain.,2Internal Medicine Department, Medicine School, University of Murcia, Virgen de la Arrixaca Clinical University Hospital, Ctra. Madrid-Cartagena, s/n, 30120 El Palmar, Murcia, Spain
| | - Ana Mª García-Hernández
- 1Cellular Therapy and Hematopoietic Transplant Unit, Hematology Department, Virgen de la Arrixaca Clinical University Hospital, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum" University of Murcia, Carretera Acceso Urbanización Buenavista (1ªizda), 30120 El Palmar, Murcia, Spain
| | - José M Moraleda
- 1Cellular Therapy and Hematopoietic Transplant Unit, Hematology Department, Virgen de la Arrixaca Clinical University Hospital, Biomedical Research Institute of Murcia, IMIB-Arrixaca, Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum" University of Murcia, Carretera Acceso Urbanización Buenavista (1ªizda), 30120 El Palmar, Murcia, Spain.,2Internal Medicine Department, Medicine School, University of Murcia, Virgen de la Arrixaca Clinical University Hospital, Ctra. Madrid-Cartagena, s/n, 30120 El Palmar, Murcia, Spain
| | - Salvador Martínez
- 4Neuroscience Institute UMH-CSIC, University Miguel Hernández of Elche, Carretera de Valencia, Km 18, 03550 San Juan, Alicante, Spain.,CIBERSAM-ISCIII, Avenida Blasco Ibáñez 15, 46010 Valencia, Spain.,6Human Anatomy Department, Medicine School, University Miguel Hernández of Elche, Carretera de Valencia, Km 18, 03550 San Juan, Alicante, Spain
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Shivakumar SB, Lee HJ, Son YB, Bharti D, Ock SA, Lee SL, Kang YH, Park BW, Rho GJ. In vitro differentiation of single donor derived human dental mesenchymal stem cells into pancreatic β cell-like cells. Biosci Rep 2019; 39:BSR20182051. [PMID: 31015367 DOI: 10.1042/BSR20182051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Revised: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study was carried out to investigate and compare the in vitro differentiation potential of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) isolated from human dental tissues (pulp, papilla, and follicle) of the same donor. MSCs were isolated from dental tissues (pulp, papilla, and follicle) following digestion method and were analyzed for the expression of pluripotent markers and cell surface markers. All three types of MSCs were evaluated for their potential to differentiate into mesenchymal lineages. Further, the MSCs were differentiated into pancreatic β cell-like cells using multistep protocol and characterized for the expression of pancreatic lineage specific markers. Functional properties of differentiated pancreatic β cell-like cells were assessed by dithizone staining and glucose challenge test. All three types of MSCs showed fibroblast-like morphology upon culture and expressed pluripotent, and mesenchymal cell surface markers. These MSCs were successfully differentiated into mesenchymal lineages and transdifferentiated into pancreatic β cell-like cells. Among them, dental follicle derived MSCs exhibits higher transdifferentiation potency toward pancreatic lineage as evaluated by the expression of pancreatic lineage specific markers both at mRNA and protein level, and secreted higher insulin upon glucose challenge. Additionally, follicle-derived MSCs showed higher dithizone staining upon differentiation. All three types of MSCs from a single donor possess similar cellular properties and can differentiate into pancreatic lineage. However, dental follicle derived MSCs showed higher potency toward pancreatic lineage than pulp and papilla derived MSCs, suggesting their potential application in future stem cell based therapy for the treatment of diabetes.
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Rodríguez‐Lozano FJ, Collado‐González M, López‐García S, García‐Bernal D, Moraleda JM, Lozano A, Forner L, Murcia L, Oñate‐Sánchez RE. Evaluation of changes in ion release and biological properties of NeoMTA‐Plus and Endocem‐MTA exposed to an acidic environment. Int Endod J 2019; 52:1196-1209. [DOI: 10.1111/iej.13107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2018] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. J. Rodríguez‐Lozano
- Cellular Therapy and Hematopoietic Transplant Unit Hematology Department Virgen de la Arrixaca Clinical University Hospital IMIB‐Arrixaca University of Murcia Murcia Spain
- Special Care in Dentistry and Gerodontology Faculty of Medicine School of Dentistry University of Murcia Murcia Spain
| | - M. Collado‐González
- Cellular Therapy and Hematopoietic Transplant Unit Hematology Department Virgen de la Arrixaca Clinical University Hospital IMIB‐Arrixaca University of Murcia Murcia Spain
- Special Care in Dentistry and Gerodontology Faculty of Medicine School of Dentistry University of Murcia Murcia Spain
| | - S. López‐García
- Cellular Therapy and Hematopoietic Transplant Unit Hematology Department Virgen de la Arrixaca Clinical University Hospital IMIB‐Arrixaca University of Murcia Murcia Spain
| | - D. García‐Bernal
- Cellular Therapy and Hematopoietic Transplant Unit Hematology Department Virgen de la Arrixaca Clinical University Hospital IMIB‐Arrixaca University of Murcia Murcia Spain
- Department of Internal Medicine University of Murcia Murcia Spain
| | - J. M. Moraleda
- Cellular Therapy and Hematopoietic Transplant Unit Hematology Department Virgen de la Arrixaca Clinical University Hospital IMIB‐Arrixaca University of Murcia Murcia Spain
- Department of Internal Medicine University of Murcia Murcia Spain
| | - A. Lozano
- Department of Stomatology. Clínica Odontológica Universitat de València Valencia Spain
| | - L. Forner
- Department of Stomatology. Clínica Odontológica Universitat de València Valencia Spain
| | - L. Murcia
- Department of Genetics and Microbiology University of Murcia Murcia Spain
| | - R. E. Oñate‐Sánchez
- Special Care in Dentistry and Gerodontology Faculty of Medicine School of Dentistry University of Murcia Murcia Spain
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Li J, Zhang F, Zhang N, Geng X, Meng C, Wang X, Yang Y. Osteogenic capacity and cytotherapeutic potential of periodontal ligament cells for periodontal regeneration in vitro and in vivo. PeerJ 2019; 7:e6589. [PMID: 30867997 PMCID: PMC6410690 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.6589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 02/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The periodontal ligament cells (PDLCs) contain heterogeneous cell populations and possess stem-cell-like properties. PDLCs have attracted considerable attention as an option for periodontal regeneration. However, the osteogenic differentiation of PDLCs remains obscure owing to variable osteo-inductive methods and whether PDLCs could be directly used for periodontal regeneration without stem cell enrichment is uncertain. The aim of the present study was to clarify the osteogenic differentiation capacity of PDLCs and test PDLCs as an alternative to stem cells for periodontal regeneration. Methods We tested the performance of human PDLCs in osteo-inductive culture and transplantation in vivo while taking human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) as positive control. Proliferation of PDLCs and hMSCs in osteo-inductive condition were examined by MTT assay and colony formation assay. The osteogenic differentiations of PDLCs and hMSCs were assessed by Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity measurement, von Kossa staining, Alizarin red S staining and quantitative RT-PCR of osteogenic marker gene including RUNX2, ALP, OCN, Col I, BSP, OPN. We transplanted osteo-inductive PDLCs and hMSCs with hydroxyapatite/tricalcium phosphate (HA/TCP) scaffolds to immunodeficient mice to explore their biological behaviors in vivo by histological staining and immunohistochemical evaluation. Results After 14 days of osteo-induction, PDLCs exhibited significantly higher proliferation rate but lower colony-forming ability comparing with hMSCs. PDLCs demonstrated lower ALP activity and generated fewer mineralized nodules than hMSCs. PDLCs showed overall up-regulated expression of RUNX2, ALP, OCN, Col I, BSP, OPN after osteo-induction. Col I level of PDLCs in osteo-inductive group was significantly higher while RUNX2, ALP, OCN were lower than that of hMSCs. Massive fiber bundles were produced linking or circling the scaffold while the bone-like structures were limited in the PDLCs-loaded HA/TCP samples. The fiber bundles displayed strong positive Col I, but weak OCN and OPN staining. The in vivo results were consistent with the in vitro data, which confirmed strong collagen forming ability and considerable osteogenic potential of PDLCs. Conclusion It is encouraging to find that PDLCs exhibit higher proliferation, stronger collagen fiber formation capacity, but lower osteogenic differentiation ability in comparison with hMSCs. This characteristic is essential for the successful periodontal reconstruction which is based on the synchronization of fiber formation and bone deposition. Moreover, PDLCs have advantages such as good accessibility, abundant source, vigorous proliferation and evident osteogenic differentiation capacity when triggered properly. They can independently form PDL-like structure in vivo without specific stem cell enrichment procedure. The application of PDLCs may offer a novel cytotherapeutic option for future clinical periodontal reconstruction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinghui Li
- Department of stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fangming Zhang
- Department of stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ning Zhang
- Department of stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xuefei Geng
- Department of stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Cen Meng
- Department of stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoying Wang
- Department of stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ying Yang
- Department of stomatology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Chen H, Guo S, Xia Y, Yuan L, Lu M, Zhou M, Fang M, Meng L, Xiao Z, Ma J. The role of Rho-GEF Trio in regulating tooth root development through the p38 MAPK pathway. Exp Cell Res 2018; 372:158-167. [PMID: 30268758 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2018.09.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2018] [Revised: 08/28/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Trio, the Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor (Rho-GEF), plays diverse roles in cell migration, cell axon guidance and cytoskeleton reorganization. Conserved during evolution, Trio encodes two guanine nucleotide exchange factor domains (GEFs) and activates small GTPases. The Rho-family small GTPases RhoA and Rac1, which are target molecules of Trio, have been described to engage in craniofacial development and tooth formation. However, the exact role of Trio in tooth development remains elusive. In this study, we generated Wnt1-cre;Triofl/fl mice to address the potential function of Trio in tooth development. Wnt1-cre;Triofl/fl mice showed short root deformity as well as decreased expression of odontogenic makers such as RUNX2, OSX, OCN, and OPN. In vitro, Trio was silenced in human stem cells of dental papilla (SCAPs). Compared with the control group, the proliferation and migration ability in the experimental group was disrupted. After knocking down Trio in SCAPs, the cells showed phenotypes of poor odontogenic differentiation and weak mineralized nodules. To study the underlying mechanism, we investigated the p38 MAPK pathway and found that loss of Trio blocked the cascade transduction of p38 MAPK signaling. In conclusion, we identified Trio as a novel coordinator in regulating root development and clarified its relevant molecular events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Chen
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuyu Guo
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yang Xia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lichan Yuan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengting Lu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Meng Zhou
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Mengru Fang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Meng
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhongdang Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Junqing Ma
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, 140 Hanzhong Road, Nanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China.
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