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Blazer VS, Young KT, Smith GD, Sperry AJ, Iwanowicz LR. Hyperpigmented melanistic skin lesions of smallmouth bass Micropterus dolomieu from the Chesapeake Bay watershed. Dis Aquat Organ 2020; 139:199-212. [PMID: 32495746 DOI: 10.3354/dao03480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Hyperpigmented melanistic skin lesions (HPMLs) of smallmouth bass Micropterus dolomieu are observed in the Potomac and Susquehanna rivers, Chesapeake Bay watershed, USA. Routine, nonlethal population surveys were conducted at 8 sites on the mainstem Susquehanna River and 9 on the Juniata River, a tributary of the Susquehanna River, between 2012 and 2018, and the prevalence of HPMLs was documented. A total of 4078 smallmouth bass were collected from the mainstem Susquehanna River and 6478 from the Juniata River. Lesions were primarily seen in bass greater than 200 mm, and prevalence in the Susquehanna River (8%) was higher (p < 0.001) than in the Juniata River (2%). As part of ongoing fish health monitoring projects, smallmouth bass were collected at additional sites, primarily tributaries of the Susquehanna (n = 758) and Potomac (n = 545) rivers between 2013 and 2018. Prevalence in the Susquehanna River (13%) was higher (p < 0.001) than the Potomac (3%). Microscopically, HPMLs were characterized by an increased number of melanocytes in the epidermis or within the dermis and epidermis. RNAseq analyses of normal and melanistic skin identified 3 unique sequences in HPMLs. Two were unidentified and the third was a viral helicase (E1). Transcript abundance in 16 normal skin samples and 16 HPMLs showed upregulation of genes associated with melanogenesis and cell proliferation in HPMLs. The E1 transcript was detected in 12 of the 16 melanistic areas but in no samples from normal skin. Further research will be necessary to identify the putative new virus and determine its role in melanocyte proliferation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicki S Blazer
- US Geological Survey, National Fish Health Research Laboratory, Leetown Science Center, Kearneysville, WV 25430, USA
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Ramos P, Carvalho R, Rosa F, Alexandre-Pires G, Seixas F, Esteves A, Huffman D. Huffmanela lusitana sp. n. (Nematoda: Trichosomoididae) infecting pouting, Trisopterus luscus (Teleostei: Gadidae) off the Atlantic coast of Portugal. Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl 2019; 9:266-273. [PMID: 31245277 PMCID: PMC6582075 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2019.05.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 05/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
Some pouting caught off the Atlantic coast of Portugal are discarded as unmarketable due to a dark discolouration of the skin and muscle. This study investigates the cause of this condition, describes the new parasite species responsible, and highlights the importance of educating those in charge of premarket inspection of food fish in order to reduce likelihood that consumers will eat infected fish. Macroscopically, infected fish showed considerable heterogeneity in darkening of the skin and hypaxial and epaxial muscles. Microscopical observation revealed bipolar nematode eggs in varying stages of development arranged in a linear pattern along muscle fibers. Histopathology confirmed the presence of eggs of a nematode of the genus Huffmanela Moravec, 1987 as the cause of muscle darkening and established a relationship between infection intensity and consequent darkened appearance of the tissues. The eggs are oval or barrel-shaped, with a smooth surface and polar plugs at opposite ends. The thin outer vitelline membrane is smooth and lacks ornamentation. Under light microscopy, the main eggshell of older eggs exhibits the outermost delicate and smooth vitelline membrane, and a thicker layer, correspondent to chitinous and chondroitin proteoglycan layers. Scanning electron microscopy of eggs confirmed light microscopic studies, namely the presence of a smooth vitelline membrane surrounding the egg. Microscopic and ultrastructural characteristics of eggs, and a new host family in a new geographic area, all suggest that a new species, herein named Huffmanela lusitana sp. n. is involved. Huffmanela lusitana sp. n in Trisopterus luscus. Dark muscle due to Huffmanela eggs. H. lusitana sp. n as the cause of disgusting aspect of infected fish meat. H. lusitana sp. n as a zoonotical potential infection to consumers. H. lusitana sp. n. as a constraint factor of healthy wildlife stocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Ramos
- Pathology Laboratory of Aquatic Animals, Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere, I.P. (IPMA), Rua Doutor Alfredo Magalhães Ramalho, 6, 1495-165 Algés, Portugal
| | - Raquel Carvalho
- Centre of Studies in Animal and Veterinary Science (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Apartado 1013, 5001-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Rosa
- Instituto Superior de Agronomia, Universidade de Lisboa, Tapada da Ajuda, 1349-017 Lisboa; Centro de Estudos do Ambiente e do Mar, LA, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa, Campo Grande, 1749-016 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Graça Alexandre-Pires
- CIISA-FCT-UID/CVT/00276/2013 - Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Lisbon, Avenida da Universidade Técnica, 1300-477, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Fernanda Seixas
- Centre of Studies in Animal and Veterinary Science (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Apartado 1013, 5001-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - Alexandra Esteves
- Centre of Studies in Animal and Veterinary Science (CECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Apartado 1013, 5001-801, Vila Real, Portugal
| | - David Huffman
- Department of Biology. 212 Freeman Aquatic Biology Bldg, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, 78666, USA
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Lerebours A, Chapman EC, Sweet MJ, Heupel MR, Rotchell JM. Molecular changes in skin pigmented lesions of the coral trout Plectropomus leopardus. Mar Environ Res 2016; 120:130-135. [PMID: 27521482 DOI: 10.1016/j.marenvres.2016.07.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 07/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/16/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
A high prevalence of skin pigmented lesions of 15% was recently reported in coral trout Plectropomus leopardus, a commercially important marine fish, inhabiting the Great Barrier Reef. Herein, fish were sampled at two offshore sites, characterised by high and low lesion prevalence. A transcriptomic approach using the suppressive subtractive hybridisation (SSH) method was used to analyse the differentially expressed genes between lesion and normal skin samples. Transcriptional changes of 14 genes were observed in lesion samples relative to normal skin samples. These targeted genes encoded for specific proteins which are involved in general cell function but also in different stages disrupted during the tumourigenesis process of other organisms, such as cell cycling, cell proliferation, skeletal organisation and cell migration. The results highlight transcripts that are associated with the lesion occurrence, contributing to a better understanding of the molecular aetiology of this coral trout skin disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adélaïde Lerebours
- School of Biological, Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull, HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
| | - Emma C Chapman
- School of Biological, Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull, HU6 7RX, United Kingdom
| | - Michael J Sweet
- Molecular Health and Disease Laboratory, Environmental Sustainability Research Centre, College of Life and Natural Sciences, University of Derby, Derby, DE22 1GB, United Kingdom
| | - Michelle R Heupel
- Australian Institute of Marine Science, Townsville, Australia; Centre for Sustainable Tropical Fisheries and Aquaculture, College of Science and Engineering, James Cook University, Townsville, Australia
| | - Jeanette M Rotchell
- School of Biological, Biomedical and Environmental Sciences, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Hull, HU6 7RX, United Kingdom.
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Rahmati-Holasoo H, Alishahi M, Shokrpoor S, Jangarannejad A, Mohammadian B. Invasion of melanoma to angiolipoma in a male Siamese fighting fish, Betta splendens, Regan. J Fish Dis 2015; 38:925-930. [PMID: 25271738 DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Revised: 07/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/21/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- H Rahmati-Holasoo
- Department of Aquatic Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - M Alishahi
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - S Shokrpoor
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - A Jangarannejad
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - B Mohammadian
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran
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