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Yang SY, Lin WY, Hsiao YM, Chiou TJ. Milestones in understanding transport, sensing, and signaling of the plant nutrient phosphorus. Plant Cell 2024; 36:1504-1523. [PMID: 38163641 PMCID: PMC11062440 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
As an essential nutrient element, phosphorus (P) is primarily acquired and translocated as inorganic phosphate (Pi) by plant roots. Pi is often sequestered in the soil and becomes limited for plant growth. Plants have developed a sophisticated array of adaptive responses, termed P starvation responses, to cope with P deficiency by improving its external acquisition and internal utilization. Over the past 2 to 3 decades, remarkable progress has been made toward understanding how plants sense and respond to changing environmental P. This review provides an overview of the molecular mechanisms that regulate or coordinate P starvation responses, emphasizing P transport, sensing, and signaling. We present the major players and regulators responsible for Pi uptake and translocation. We then introduce how P is perceived at the root tip, how systemic P signaling is operated, and the mechanisms by which the intracellular P status is sensed and conveyed. Additionally, the recent exciting findings about the influence of P on plant-microbe interactions are highlighted. Finally, the challenges and prospects concerning the interplay between P and other nutrients and strategies to enhance P utilization efficiency are discussed. Insights obtained from this knowledge may guide future research endeavors in sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu-Yi Yang
- Institute of Plant Biology, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106319, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Yi Lin
- Department of Agronomy, National Taiwan University, Taipei 106319, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Min Hsiao
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115201, Taiwan
| | - Tzyy-Jen Chiou
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei 115201, Taiwan
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2
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Inoue K, Tsuchida N, Saijo Y. Modulation of plant immunity and biotic interactions under phosphate deficiency. J Plant Res 2024; 137:343-357. [PMID: 38693461 DOI: 10.1007/s10265-024-01546-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is an essential macronutrient for plant life and growth. P is primarily acquired in the form of inorganic phosphate (Pi) from soil. To cope with Pi deficiency, plants have evolved an elaborate system to improve Pi acquisition and utilization through an array of developmental and physiological changes, termed Pi starvation response (PSR). Plants also assemble and manage mutualistic microbes to enhance Pi uptake, through integrating PSR and immunity signaling. A trade-off between plant growth and defense favors the notion that plants lower a cellular state of immunity to accommodate host-beneficial microbes for nutrition and growth at the cost of infection risk. However, the existing data indicate that plants selectively activate defense responses against pathogens, but do not or less against non-pathogens, even under nutrient deficiency. In this review, we highlight recent advances in the principles and mechanisms with which plants balance immunity and growth-related processes to optimize their adaptation to Pi deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanako Inoue
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Takayama 8916-5, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Natsuki Tsuchida
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Takayama 8916-5, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan
| | - Yusuke Saijo
- Division of Biological Science, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Takayama 8916-5, Ikoma, Nara, 630-0192, Japan.
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3
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He Y, Zhao Y, Hu J, Wang L, Li L, Zhang X, Zhou Z, Chen L, Wang H, Wang J, Hong G. The OsBZR1-OsSPX1/2 module fine-tunes the growth-immunity trade-off in adaptation to phosphate availability in rice. Mol Plant 2024; 17:258-276. [PMID: 38069474 DOI: 10.1016/j.molp.2023.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/26/2024]
Abstract
The growth-promoting hormones brassinosteroids (BRs) and their key signaling component BZR1 play a vital role in balancing normal growth and defense reactions. Here, we discovered that BRs and OsBZR1 upregulated sakuranetin accumulation and conferred basal defense against Magnaporthe oryzae infection under normal conditions. Resource shortages, including phosphate (Pi) deficiency, potentially disrupt this growth-defense balance. OsSPX1 and OsSPX2 have been reported to sense Pi concentration and interact with the Pi signal mediator OsPHR2, thus regulating Pi starvation responses. In this study, we discovered that OsSPX1/2 interacts with OsBZR1 in both Pi-sufficient and Pi-deficient conditions, inhibiting BR-responsive genes. When Pi is sufficient, OsSPX1/2 is captured by OsPHR2, enabling most of OsBZR1 to promote plant growth and maintain basal resistance. In response to Pi starvation, more OsSPX1/2 is released from OsPHR2 to inhibit OsBZR1 activity, resulting in slower growth. Collectively, our study reveals that the OsBZR1-SPX1/2 module balances the plant growth-immunity trade-off in response to Pi availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing He
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, P.R. China; Key Laboratory of Traceability for Agricultural Genetically Modified Organisms, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Hangzhou 310021, P.R. China
| | - Yao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, P.R. China
| | - Jitao Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, P.R. China; College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, P.R. China
| | - Lanlan Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, P.R. China
| | - Linying Li
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, P.R. China
| | - Xueying Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, P.R. China
| | - Zhongjing Zhou
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, P.R. China
| | - Lili Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, P.R. China
| | - Hua Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, P.R. China
| | - Jiaoyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, P.R. China
| | - Gaojie Hong
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of MOA of China and Zhejiang Province, Institute of Virology and Biotechnology, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, P.R. China.
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Lee NR, Kim YX, Lee Y, Lee C, Song Y, Park H, Lee CH, Lee Y. Metabolomics Reveals the Effects of Nitrogen/Phosphorus/Potassium (NPK) Fertilizer Levels on Cucumber Fruit Raised in Different Nutrient Soils. Metabolites 2024; 14:102. [PMID: 38392994 PMCID: PMC10891504 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14020102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Fertilizers are widely used to improve the quality of fruits and vegetables. However, the overuse of fertilizers has become an issue because it causes environmental problems and negatively affects productivity and fruit quality. In this study, we examined the effects of nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium (NPK) fertilizer levels on the metabolism of cucumber fruit in low- and high-nutrient soils using mass-spectrometry-based metabolomics approaches. Cucumber metabolite content was notably different depending on the initial soil nutrient status. Most amino acids and phenylpropanoids were abundant in the cucumbers raised in low-nutrient soil, whereas organic acids, some amino acids (aspartate, glutamate, and ornithine), and carbohydrates were comparatively higher in fruits from high-nutrient soil. The fertilizer supply resulted in an alteration in the metabolite profile, while no change in fruit yield was observed in either low- or high-nutrient soils. Fertilizer treatment perturbed the metabolite contents in cucumbers from low-nutrient soil. In contrast, treatment with higher concentrations of fertilizer in high-nutrient soil increased phenylpropanoid content in the cucumbers, while most metabolites decreased. In conclusion, fertilization levels should be carefully determined, considering culture conditions such as the original soil status, to increase product yield and fruit quality and avoid environmental problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na-Rae Lee
- Research Institute for Bioactive-Metabolome Network, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea;
| | - Yangmin X. Kim
- Soil and Fertilizer Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (Y.X.K.); (C.L.); (Y.S.); (H.P.)
- Highland Agriculture Research Institute, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Pyeongchang 25342, Republic of Korea
| | - Yerim Lee
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea;
| | - Chanwook Lee
- Soil and Fertilizer Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (Y.X.K.); (C.L.); (Y.S.); (H.P.)
| | - Yosung Song
- Soil and Fertilizer Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (Y.X.K.); (C.L.); (Y.S.); (H.P.)
| | - Hyejin Park
- Soil and Fertilizer Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (Y.X.K.); (C.L.); (Y.S.); (H.P.)
| | - Choong Hwan Lee
- Research Institute for Bioactive-Metabolome Network, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea;
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Republic of Korea;
| | - Yejin Lee
- Soil and Fertilizer Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Republic of Korea; (Y.X.K.); (C.L.); (Y.S.); (H.P.)
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Martín-Cardoso H, Bundó M, Val-Torregrosa B, San Segundo B. Phosphate accumulation in rice leaves promotes fungal pathogenicity and represses host immune responses during pathogen infection. Front Plant Sci 2024; 14:1330349. [PMID: 38298608 PMCID: PMC10827867 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1330349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Rice is one of the most important crops in the world and a staple food for more than half of the world's population. At present, the blast disease caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae poses a severe threat to food security through reduction of rice yields worldwide. High phosphate fertilization has previously been shown to increase blast susceptibility. At present, however, our knowledge on the mechanisms underpinning phosphate-induced susceptibility to M. oryzae infection in rice is limited. In this work, we conducted live cell imaging on rice sheaths inoculated with a M. oryzae strain expressing two fluorescently-tagged M. oryzae effectors. We show that growing rice under high phosphate fertilization, and subsequent accumulation of phosphate in leaf sheaths, promotes invasive growth of M. oryzae. Consistent with this, stronger expression of M. oryzae effectors and Pathogenicity Mitogen-activated Protein Kinase (PMK1) occurs in leaf sheaths of rice plants grown under high a phosphate regime. Down-regulation of fungal genes encoding suppressors of plant cell death and up-regulation of plant cell death-inducing effectors also occurs in sheaths of phosphate over-accumulating rice plants. Treatment with high Pi causes alterations in the expression of fungal phosphate transporter genes potentially contributing to pathogen virulence. From the perspective of the plant, Pi accumulation in leaf sheaths prevents H2O2 accumulation early during M. oryzae infection which was associated to a weaker activation of Respiratory Burst Oxidase Homologs (RBOHs) genes involved in reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. Further, a weaker activation of defense-related genes occurs during infection in rice plants over-accumulating phosphate. From these results, it can be concluded that phosphate fertilization has an effect on the two interacting partners, pathogen and host. Phosphate-mediated stimulation of fungal effector genes (e.g., potentiation of fungal pathogenicity) in combination with repression of pathogen-inducible immune responses (e.g., ROS accumulation, defense gene expression) explains higher colonization by M. oryzae in rice tissues accumulating phosphate. Phosphate content can therefore be considered as an important factor in determining the outcome of the rice/M. oryzae interaction. As fertilizers and pesticides are commonly used in rice cultivation to maintain optimal yield and to prevent losses caused by pathogens, a better understanding of how phosphate impacts blast susceptibility is crucial for developing strategies to rationally optimize fertilizer and pesticide use in rice production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Héctor Martín-Cardoso
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, C/de la Vall Moronta, CRAG Building, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mireia Bundó
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, C/de la Vall Moronta, CRAG Building, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Beatriz Val-Torregrosa
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, C/de la Vall Moronta, CRAG Building, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Blanca San Segundo
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, C/de la Vall Moronta, CRAG Building, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés), Barcelona, Spain
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
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Kang J, Qiu W, Zhang W, Liu J, Yang Z, Wu Z, Ge J. Understanding how various forms of phosphorus stress affect microbiome functions and boost plant disease resistance: Insights from metagenomic analysis. Sci Total Environ 2023; 904:166899. [PMID: 37683845 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2023] [Revised: 09/02/2023] [Accepted: 09/05/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023]
Abstract
The plant's response to phosphorus (P) starvation suppresses its immunity and regulates rhizosphere microbial colonization. However, the impact of various P forms on plant disease resistance and microbial composition remains underreported. This paper examines the soybean rhizosphere microbiome facing co-stress from Fusarium oxysporum and diverse P forms. Macrogenomic analysis evaluates whether P addition enhances plant disease resistance and rhizosphere microbial function, and if such effects relate to P forms. Results show that different P forms mitigate F. oxysporum-induced plant inhibition by promoting P turnover. P forms predominantly affect microbial composition, followed by soil and plant properties. In soybean, the phosphate transport strategy (ugpA/Q) was selected to maintain high P to enhance immunity in the KH2PO4 treatment, while organo-P mineralization (phnH/F/W/G) was selected for superphosphate treatment. The Frankiales, a P-turnover microorganism, copiotrophic microorganisms, and indicator bacteria of plant properties, initially increase after F. oxysporum inoculation and then decrease post P addition, regardless of P forms. Additionally, the rhizosphere microbial community's metabolic activities and compounds significantly aid soybean defense against F. oxysporum, with functional types depending on P forms. Therefore, these findings establish a novel approach to enhance host defense against soil-borne diseases through P nutrition regulation to mediate host-driven metabolic activities of microbial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Kang
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region & School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Wei Qiu
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region & School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region & School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region & School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Zhichao Yang
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region & School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Zhenchao Wu
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region & School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China
| | - Jingping Ge
- Engineering Research Center of Agricultural Microbiology Technology, Ministry of Education & Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Ecological Restoration and Resource Utilization for Cold Region & School of Life Sciences, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China; Heilongjiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Genetic Engineering and Biological Fermentation Engineering for Cold Region & Key Laboratory of Microbiology, College of Heilongjiang Province, Heilongjiang University, Harbin 150080, China.
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Escolà G, González-Miguel VM, Campo S, Catala-Forner M, Domingo C, Marqués L, San Segundo B. Development and Genome-Wide Analysis of a Blast-Resistant japonica Rice Variety. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:3536. [PMID: 37896000 PMCID: PMC10667994 DOI: 10.3390/plants12203536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 10/06/2023] [Accepted: 10/08/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Rice is one of the most important crops in the world, and its production is severely affected by the rice blast disease caused by the fungus Magnaporthe oryzae. Several major blast resistance genes and QTLs associated with blast resistance have been described and mostly identified in indica rice varieties. In this work, we report the obtention of a blast-resistant rice breeding line derived from crosses between the resistant indica variety CT13432 and the japonica elite cultivar JSendra (highly susceptible to blast). The breeding line, named COPSEMAR9, was found to exhibit resistance to leaf blast and panicle blast, as demonstrated by disease assays under controlled and field conditions. Furthermore, a high-quality genome sequence of the blast-resistant breeding line was obtained using a strategy that combines short-read sequencing (Illumina sequencing) and long-read sequencing (Pacbio sequencing). The use of a whole-genome approach allowed the fine mapping of DNA regions of indica and japonica origin present in the COPSEMAR9 genome and the identification of parental gene regions potentially contributing to blast resistance in the breeding line. Rice blast resistance genes (including Pi33 derived from the resistant parent) and defense-related genes in the genome of COPSEMAR9 were identified. Whole-genome analyses also revealed the presence of microRNAs (miRNAs) with a known function in the rice response to M. oryzae infection in COPSEMAR9, which might also contribute to its phenotype of blast resistance. From this study, the genomic information and analysis methods provide valuable knowledge that will be useful in breeding programs for blast resistance in japonica rice cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Glòria Escolà
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés), C/de la Vall Moronta, CRAG Building, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (G.E.); (V.M.G.-M.); (S.C.)
| | - Víctor M. González-Miguel
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés), C/de la Vall Moronta, CRAG Building, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (G.E.); (V.M.G.-M.); (S.C.)
| | - Sonia Campo
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés), C/de la Vall Moronta, CRAG Building, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (G.E.); (V.M.G.-M.); (S.C.)
| | - Mar Catala-Forner
- Institute of Agrifood Research and Technology (IRTA), Field Crops, Ctra. Balada km. 1, 43870 Tarragona, Spain;
| | - Concha Domingo
- Instituto Valenciano de Investigaciones Agrarias (IVIA), Departamento del Arroz and Centro de Genómica. Ctra Moncada-Náquera km 10.7, 46113 Moncada, Spain;
| | - Luis Marqués
- Cooperativa de Productores de Semillas de Arroz, S.C.L. (COPSEMAR) Avda del Mar 1, 46410 Sueca, Spain;
| | - Blanca San Segundo
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés), C/de la Vall Moronta, CRAG Building, 08193 Barcelona, Spain; (G.E.); (V.M.G.-M.); (S.C.)
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
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8
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Shasmita, Swain BB, Mishra S, Mohapatra PK, Naik SK, Mukherjee AK. Chemopriming for induction of disease resistance against pathogens in rice. Plant Sci 2023; 334:111769. [PMID: 37328072 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2023.111769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Revised: 06/09/2023] [Accepted: 06/11/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Rice is an important grain crop of Asian population. Different fungal, bacterial and viral pathogens cause large reduction in rice grain production. Use of chemical pesticides, to provide protection against pathogens, has become incomplete due to pathogens resistance and is cause of environmental concerns. Therefore, induction of resistance in rice against pathogens via biopriming and chemopriming with safe and novel agents has emerged on a global level as ecofriendly alternatives that provide protection against broad spectrum of rice pathogens without any significant yield penalty. In the past three decades, a number of chemicals such as silicon, salicylic acid, vitamins, plant extract, phytohormones, nutrients etc. have been used to induce defense against bacterial, fungal and viral rice pathogens. From the detailed analysis of abiotic agents used, it has been observed that silicon and salicylic acid are two potential chemicals for inducing resistance against fungal and bacterial diseases in rice, respectively. However, an inclusive evaluation of the potential of different abiotic agents to induce resistance against rice pathogens is lacking due to which the studies on induction of defense against rice pathogens via chemopriming has become disproportionate and discontinuous. The present review deals with a comprehensive analysis of different abiotic agents used to induce defense against rice pathogens, their mode of application, mechanism of defense induction and the effect of defense induction on grain yield. It also provides an account of unexplored areas, which might be taken into attention to efficiently manage rice diseases. DATA AVAILABILITY STATEMENT: Data sharing not applicable to this article as no datasets were generated or analysed during the current study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasmita
- Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, Division of Crop Protection, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack 753006, Odisha, India; Department of Botany, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack 753003, Odisha, India
| | | | - Smrutirekha Mishra
- Department of Botany, Ravenshaw University, Cuttack 753003, Odisha, India
| | | | | | - Arup Kumar Mukherjee
- Molecular Plant Pathology Laboratory, Division of Crop Protection, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack 753006, Odisha, India.
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Dima ȘO, Constantinescu-Aruxandei D, Tritean N, Ghiurea M, Capră L, Nicolae CA, Faraon V, Neamțu C, Oancea F. Spectroscopic Analyses Highlight Plant Biostimulant Effects of Baker's Yeast Vinasse and Selenium on Cabbage through Foliar Fertilization. Plants (Basel) 2023; 12:3016. [PMID: 37631226 PMCID: PMC10458166 DOI: 10.3390/plants12163016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Revised: 08/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023]
Abstract
The main aim of this study is to find relevant analytic fingerprints for plants' structural characterization using spectroscopic techniques and thermogravimetric analyses (TGAs) as alternative methods, particularized on cabbage treated with selenium-baker's yeast vinasse formulation (Se-VF) included in a foliar fertilizer formula. The hypothesis investigated is that Se-VF will induce significant structural changes compared with the control, analytically confirming the biofortification of selenium-enriched cabbage as a nutritive vegetable, and particularly the plant biostimulant effects of the applied Se-VF formulation on cabbage grown in the field. The TGA evidenced a structural transformation of the molecular building blocks in the treated cabbage leaves. The ash residues increased after treatment, suggesting increased mineral accumulation in leaves. X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) evidenced a pectin-Iα-cellulose structure of cabbage that correlated with each other in terms of leaf crystallinity. FTIR analysis suggested the accumulation of unesterified pectin and possibly (seleno) glucosinolates and an increased network of hydrogen bonds. The treatment with Se-VF formulation induced a significant increase in the soluble fibers of the inner leaves, accompanied by a decrease in the insoluble fibers. The ratio of soluble/insoluble fibers correlated with the crystallinity determined by XRD and with the FTIR data. The employed analytic techniques can find practical applications as fast methods in studies of the effects of new agrotechnical practices, while in our particular case study, they revealed effects specific to plant biostimulants of the Se-VF formulation treatment: enhanced mineral utilization and improved quality traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ștefan-Ovidiu Dima
- Polymers and Bioresources Departments, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM, Splaiul Independenței nr. 202, Sector 6, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (Ș.-O.D.); (N.T.); (M.G.); (L.C.); (C.-A.N.); (V.F.); (C.N.)
| | - Diana Constantinescu-Aruxandei
- Polymers and Bioresources Departments, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM, Splaiul Independenței nr. 202, Sector 6, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (Ș.-O.D.); (N.T.); (M.G.); (L.C.); (C.-A.N.); (V.F.); (C.N.)
| | - Naomi Tritean
- Polymers and Bioresources Departments, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM, Splaiul Independenței nr. 202, Sector 6, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (Ș.-O.D.); (N.T.); (M.G.); (L.C.); (C.-A.N.); (V.F.); (C.N.)
- Faculty of Biology, University of Bucharest, Splaiul Independenței nr. 91-95, Sector 5, 050095 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Marius Ghiurea
- Polymers and Bioresources Departments, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM, Splaiul Independenței nr. 202, Sector 6, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (Ș.-O.D.); (N.T.); (M.G.); (L.C.); (C.-A.N.); (V.F.); (C.N.)
| | - Luiza Capră
- Polymers and Bioresources Departments, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM, Splaiul Independenței nr. 202, Sector 6, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (Ș.-O.D.); (N.T.); (M.G.); (L.C.); (C.-A.N.); (V.F.); (C.N.)
| | - Cristian-Andi Nicolae
- Polymers and Bioresources Departments, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM, Splaiul Independenței nr. 202, Sector 6, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (Ș.-O.D.); (N.T.); (M.G.); (L.C.); (C.-A.N.); (V.F.); (C.N.)
| | - Victor Faraon
- Polymers and Bioresources Departments, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM, Splaiul Independenței nr. 202, Sector 6, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (Ș.-O.D.); (N.T.); (M.G.); (L.C.); (C.-A.N.); (V.F.); (C.N.)
| | - Constantin Neamțu
- Polymers and Bioresources Departments, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM, Splaiul Independenței nr. 202, Sector 6, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (Ș.-O.D.); (N.T.); (M.G.); (L.C.); (C.-A.N.); (V.F.); (C.N.)
| | - Florin Oancea
- Polymers and Bioresources Departments, National Institute for Research & Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry—ICECHIM, Splaiul Independenței nr. 202, Sector 6, 060021 Bucharest, Romania; (Ș.-O.D.); (N.T.); (M.G.); (L.C.); (C.-A.N.); (V.F.); (C.N.)
- Faculty of Biotechnologies, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Bd. Mărăști nr. 59, Sector 1, 011464 Bucharest, Romania
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10
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Yadav R, Ramakrishna W. MicroRNAs Involved in Nutritional Regulation During Plant-Microbe Symbiotic and Pathogenic Interactions with Rice as a Model. Mol Biotechnol 2023:10.1007/s12033-023-00822-y. [PMID: 37468736 DOI: 10.1007/s12033-023-00822-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Plants are constantly challenged with numerous adverse environmental conditions, including biotic and abiotic stresses. Coordinated regulation of plant responses requires crosstalk between regulatory pathways initiated by different external cues. Stress induced by excessiveness or deficiency of nutrients has been shown to positively or negatively interact with pathogen-induced immune responses. Also, colonization by arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi can improve plant nutrition, mainly phosphorus and resistance to pathogen infection. The proposed review addresses these issues about a new question that integrates adaptation to nutrient stress and disease resistance. The main goal of the current review is to provide insights into the interconnected regulation between nutrient signaling and immune signaling pathways in rice, focusing on phosphate, potassium and iron signaling. The underpinnings of plant/pathogen/AM fungus interaction concerning rice/M. oryzae/R. irregularis is highlighted. The role of microRNAs (miRNAs) involved in Pi (miR399, miR827) and Fe (miR7695) homeostasis in pathogenic/symbiotic interactions in rice is discussed. The intracellular dynamics of membrane proteins that function in nutrient transport transgenic rice lines expressing fluorescent protein fusion genes are outlined. Integrating functional genomic, nutritional and metal content, molecular and cell biology approaches to understand how disease resistance is regulated by nutrient status leading to novel concepts in fundamental processes underlying plant disease resistance will help to devise novel strategies for crop protection with less input of pesticides and fertilizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radheshyam Yadav
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Punjab, VPO Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Wusirika Ramakrishna
- Department of Biochemistry, Central University of Punjab, VPO Ghudda, Bathinda, Punjab, India.
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11
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de Faria Melo CC, Silva Amaral D, de Mello Prado R, de Moura Zanine A, de Jesus Ferreira D, de Cássia Piccolo M. Nanosilica modulates C:N:P stoichiometry attenuating phosphorus toxicity more than deficiency in Megathyrsus maximus cultivated in an Oxisol and Entisol. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10284. [PMID: 37355676 PMCID: PMC10290668 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-37504-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Silicon (Si) nanoparticles can attenuate nutritional disorders caused by phosphorus in forages through nutritional homeostasis. This paper aims to evaluate the effects of P deficiency and toxicity in Megathyrsus maximus cultivated in two types of soils and to verify whether Si application via fertigation can mitigate these imbalances. The following two experiments were carried out: cultivation of forage plants in pots with Entisol and Oxisol, in a 3 × 2 factorial design, with three nutritional levels of phosphorus (deficient, adequate, and excessive) and two Si concentrations in the irrigation water (0 and 1.5 mmol L-1). Height, number of tillers, rate of leaf senescence, dry matter production, C:N, C:Si, C:P, and N:P ratios; and C, P, and N use efficiencies were evaluated in two growth cycles. P imbalances hampered carbon assimilation, C:N:P homeostasis, and dry matter production. Nanosilica fertigation promoted silicon uptake, improving C:N:P homeostasis and nutritional efficiency in plants under P deficiency and toxicity. Leaf senescence was reduced with addition of Si in plants grown in Oxisol in the three nutritional states of P. Silicon attenuated the stress caused by P toxicity in Entisol and Oxisol, improving production in plants without nutritional stress in Oxisol. The supply of Si nanoparticles in the cultivation of M. maximus can contribute to a more efficient and sustainable use of phosphorus in pastures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cíntia Cármen de Faria Melo
- Laboratory of Plant Nutrition, Department of Agricultural Production Sciences (Soil and Fertilizer Sector), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane Avenue, Jaboticabal, SP, 14884900, Brazil.
| | - Danilo Silva Amaral
- Department of Engineering and Exact Sciences, School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane Avenue, Jaboticabal, SP, 14884900, Brazil
| | - Renato de Mello Prado
- Laboratory of Plant Nutrition, Department of Agricultural Production Sciences (Soil and Fertilizer Sector), School of Agricultural and Veterinarian Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Prof. Paulo Donato Castellane Avenue, Jaboticabal, SP, 14884900, Brazil
| | - Anderson de Moura Zanine
- Center for Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Maranhão, BR 222 Km 04 Highway, Chapadinha, MA, 65500000, Brazil
| | - Daniele de Jesus Ferreira
- Center for Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, Department of Animal Science, Federal University of Maranhão, BR 222 Km 04 Highway, Chapadinha, MA, 65500000, Brazil
| | - Marisa de Cássia Piccolo
- Laboratory of Nutrient Cycling, Center of Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo (USP), 303 Centenário Avenue, Piracicaba, SP, 13400970, Brazil
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12
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Abbasi S. Plant-microbe interactions ameliorate phosphate-mediated responses in the rhizosphere: a review. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1074279. [PMID: 37360699 PMCID: PMC10290171 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1074279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 05/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is one of the essential minerals for many biochemical and physiological responses in all biota, especially in plants. P deficiency negatively affects plant performance such as root growth and metabolism and plant yield. Mutualistic interactions with the rhizosphere microbiome can assist plants in accessing the available P in soil and its uptake. Here, we provide a comprehensive overview of plant-microbe interactions that facilitate P uptake by the plant. We focus on the role of soil biodiversity in improved P uptake by the plant, especially under drought conditions. P-dependent responses are regulated by phosphate starvation response (PSR). PSR not only modulates the plant responses to P deficiency in abiotic stresses but also activates valuable soil microbes which provide accessible P. The drought-tolerant P-solubilizing bacteria are appropriate for P mobilization, which would be an eco-friendly manner to promote plant growth and tolerance, especially in extreme environments. This review summarizes plant-microbe interactions that improve P uptake by the plant and brings important insights into the ways to improve P cycling in arid and semi-arid ecosystems.
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13
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Wang X, Yuan D, Liu Y, Liang Y, He J, Yang X, Hang R, Jia H, Mo B, Tian F, Chen X, Liu L. INDETERMINATE1 autonomously regulates phosphate homeostasis upstream of the miR399-ZmPHO2 signaling module in maize. Plant Cell 2023; 35:2208-2231. [PMID: 36943781 PMCID: PMC10226601 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koad089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2023] [Accepted: 02/25/2023] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
The macronutrient phosphorus is essential for plant growth and development. Plants have evolved multiple strategies to increase the efficiency of phosphate (Pi) acquisition to protect themselves from Pi starvation. However, the crosstalk between Pi homeostasis and plant development remains to be explored. Here, we report that overexpressing microRNA399 (miR399) in maize (Zea mays) is associated with premature senescence after pollination. Knockout of ZmPHO2 (Phosphate 2), a miR399 target, resulted in a similar premature senescence phenotype. Strikingly, we discovered that INDETERMINATE1 (ID1), a floral transition regulator, inhibits the transcription of ZmMIR399 genes by directly binding to their promoters, alleviating the repression of ZmPHO2 by miR399 and ultimately contributing to the maintenance of Pi homeostasis in maize. Unlike ZmMIR399 genes, whose expression is induced by Pi deficiency, ID1 expression was independent of the external inorganic orthophosphate status, indicating that ID1 is an autonomous regulator of Pi homeostasis. Furthermore, we show that ZmPHO2 was under selection during maize domestication and cultivation, resulting in a more sensitive response to Pi starvation in temperate maize than in tropical maize. Our study reveals a direct functional link between Pi-deprivation sensing by the miR399-ZmPHO2 regulatory module and plant developmental regulation by ID1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xufeng Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, Longhua Bioindustry and Innovation Research Institute, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Institute of Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Dan Yuan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, Longhua Bioindustry and Innovation Research Institute, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Yanchun Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, Longhua Bioindustry and Innovation Research Institute, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Yameng Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, National Maize Improvement Center, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize (MOA), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Juan He
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, Longhua Bioindustry and Innovation Research Institute, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Xiaoyu Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, Longhua Bioindustry and Innovation Research Institute, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
- Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
- College of Horticulture Science and Engineering, Shandong Agricultural University, Taian 271018, China
| | - Runlai Hang
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Institute of Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Hong Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, National Maize Improvement Center, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize (MOA), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Beixin Mo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, Longhua Bioindustry and Innovation Research Institute, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
| | - Feng Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, National Maize Improvement Center, Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize (MOA), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Xuemei Chen
- Department of Botany and Plant Sciences, Institute of Integrative Genome Biology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA
| | - Lin Liu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, Longhua Bioindustry and Innovation Research Institute, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518060, China
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14
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Paries M, Gutjahr C. The good, the bad, and the phosphate: regulation of beneficial and detrimental plant-microbe interactions by the plant phosphate status. New Phytol 2023. [PMID: 37145847 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Phosphate (Pi ) is indispensable for life on this planet. However, for sessile land plants it is poorly accessible. Therefore, plants have developed a variety of strategies for enhanced acquisition and recycling of Pi . The mechanisms to cope with Pi limitation as well as direct uptake of Pi from the substrate via the root epidermis are regulated by a conserved Pi starvation response (PSR) system based on a family of key transcription factors (TFs) and their inhibitors. Furthermore, plants obtain Pi indirectly through symbiosis with mycorrhiza fungi, which employ their extensive hyphal network to drastically increase the soil volume that can be explored by plants for Pi . Besides mycorrhizal symbiosis, there is also a variety of other interactions with epiphytic, endophytic, and rhizospheric microbes that can indirectly or directly influence plant Pi uptake. It was recently discovered that the PSR pathway is involved in the regulation of genes that promote formation and maintenance of AM symbiosis. Furthermore, the PSR system influences plant immunity and can also be a target of microbial manipulation. It is known for decades that the nutritional status of plants influences the outcome of plant-microbe interactions. The first molecular explanations for these observations are now emerging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Paries
- Plant Genetics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Emil Ramann Str. 4, Freising, 85354, Germany
| | - Caroline Gutjahr
- Plant Genetics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Emil Ramann Str. 4, Freising, 85354, Germany
- Max-Planck-Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Am Mühlenberg 1, Potsdam-Golm, 14476, Germany
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15
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Pazhamala LT, Giri J. Plant phosphate status influences root biotic interactions. J Exp Bot 2023; 74:2829-2844. [PMID: 36516418 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus (P) deficiency stress in combination with biotic stress(es) severely impacts crop yield. Plant responses to P deficiency overlapping with that of other stresses exhibit a high degree of complexity involving different signaling pathways. On the one hand, plants engage with rhizosphere microbiome/arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi for improved phosphate (Pi) acquisition and plant stress response upon Pi deficiency; on the other hand, this association is gets disturbed under Pi sufficiency. This nutrient-dependent response is highly regulated by the phosphate starvation response (PSR) mediated by the master regulator, PHR1, and its homolog, PHL. It is interesting to note that Pi status (deficiency/sufficiency) has a varying response (positive/negative) to different biotic encounters (beneficial microbes/opportunistic pathogens/insect herbivory) through a coupled PSR-PHR1 immune system. This also involves crosstalk among multiple players including transcription factors, defense hormones, miRNAs, and Pi transporters, among others influencing the plant-biotic-phosphate interactions. We provide a comprehensive view of these key players involved in maintaining a delicate balance between Pi homeostasis and plant immunity. Finally, we propose strategies to utilize this information to improve crop resilience to Pi deficiency in combination with biotic stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lekha T Pazhamala
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi-110067, India
| | - Jitender Giri
- National Institute of Plant Genome Research, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi-110067, India
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16
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Pélissier R, Ducasse A, Ballini E, Frouin J, Violle C, Morel JB. A major genetic locus in neighbours controls changes of gene expression and susceptibility in intraspecific rice mixtures. New Phytol 2023; 238:835-844. [PMID: 36710512 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Reports indicate that intraspecific neighbours alter the physiology of focal plants, and with a few exceptions, their molecular responses to neighbours are unknown. Recently, changes in susceptibility to pathogen resulting from such interactions were demonstrated, a phenomenon called neighbour-modulated susceptibility (NMS). However, the genetics of NMS and the associated molecular responses are largely unexplored. Here, we analysed in rice the modification of biomass and susceptibility to the blast fungus pathogen in the Kitaake focal genotype in the presence of 280 different neighbours. Using genome-wide association studies, we identified the loci in the neighbour that determine the response in Kitaake. Using a targeted transcriptomic approach, we characterized the molecular responses in focal plants co-cultivated with various neighbours inducing a reduction in susceptibility. Our study demonstrates that NMS is controlled by one major locus in the rice genome of its neighbour. Furthermore, we show that this locus can be associated with characteristic patterns of gene expression in focal plant. Finally, we propose an hypothesis where Pi could play a role in explaining this case of NMS. Our study sheds light on how plants affect the physiology in their neighbourhood and opens perspectives for understanding plant-plant interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rémi Pélissier
- PHIM, CEFE, Institut Agro, INRAE, CIRAD, Univ Montpellier, 34000, Montpellier, France
| | - Aurélie Ducasse
- PHIM, INRAE, CIRAD, Institut Agro, Univ Montpellier, 34000, Montpellier, France
| | - Elsa Ballini
- PHIM, INRAE, CIRAD, Institut Agro, Univ Montpellier, 34000, Montpellier, France
| | - Julien Frouin
- AGAP, CIRAD, INRAE, Institut Agro, Univ Montpellier, 34000, Montpellier, France
| | - Cyrille Violle
- CEFE, CNRS, EPHE, IRD, Univ Montpellier, 34000, Montpellier, France
| | - Jean-Benoit Morel
- PHIM, INRAE, CIRAD, Institut Agro, Univ Montpellier, 34000, Montpellier, France
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17
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Wang S, Wang X, Chen J. Identification of miRNAs Involved in Maize-Induced Systemic Resistance Primed by Trichoderma harzianum T28 against Cochliobolus heterostrophus. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9020278. [PMID: 36836392 PMCID: PMC9964586 DOI: 10.3390/jof9020278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
microRNAs (miRNAs) are known to play important roles in the immune response to pathogen infection in different plants. Further, Trichoderma strains are able to activate plant defense responses against pathogen attacks. However, little is known about the involvement of miRNAs in the defense response primed by Trichoderma strains. To explore the miRNAs sensitive to priming by Trichoderma, we studied the small RNAs and transcriptome changes in maize leaves that were systemically induced by seed treatment with Trichoderma harzianum (strain T28) against Cochliobolus heterostrophus (C. heterostrophus) infection in leaves. Through analysis of the sequencing data, 38 differentially expressed miRNAs (DEMs) and 824 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified. GO and KEGG analyses of DEGs demonstrated that genes involved in the plant hormone signal transduction pathway and oxidation-reduction process were significantly enriched. In addition, 15 miRNA-mRNA interaction pairs were identified through the combined analysis of DEMs and DEGs. These pairs were supposed to play roles in the maize resistance primed by T. harzianum T28 to C. heterostrophus, in which miR390, miR169j, miR408b, miR395a/p, and novel miRNA (miRn5231) were more involved in the induction of maize resistance. This study provided valuable information for understanding the regulatory role of miRNA in the T. harzianum primed defense response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoqing Wang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Xinhua Wang
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jie Chen
- School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
- Ministry of Agriculture Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (South), Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
- Correspondence:
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18
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Wang S, Xu T, Chen M, Geng L, Huang Z, Dai X, Qu H, Zhang J, Li H, Gu M, Xu G. The transcription factor OsWRKY10 inhibits phosphate uptake via suppressing OsPHT1;2 expression under phosphate-replete conditions in rice. J Exp Bot 2023; 74:1074-1089. [PMID: 36402551 PMCID: PMC9899414 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Plants have evolved delicate systems for stimulating or inhibiting inorganic phosphate (Pi) uptake in response to the fluctuating Pi availability in soil. However, the negative regulators inhibiting Pi uptake at the transcriptional level are largely unexplored. Here, we functionally characterized a transcription factor in rice (Oryza sativa), OsWRKY10. OsWRKY10 encodes a nucleus-localized protein and showed preferential tissue localization. Knockout of OsWRKY10 led to increased Pi uptake and accumulation under Pi-replete conditions. In accordance with this phenotype, OsWRKY10 was transcriptionally induced by Pi, and a subset of PHOSPHATE TRANSPORTER 1 (PHT1) genes were up-regulated upon its mutation, suggesting that OsWRKY10 is a transcriptional repressor of Pi uptake. Moreover, rice plants expressing the OsWRKY10-VP16 fusion protein (a dominant transcriptional activator) accumulated even more Pi than oswrky10. Several lines of biochemical evidence demonstrated that OsWRKY10 directly suppressed OsPHT1;2 expression. Genetic analysis showed that OsPHT1;2 was responsible for the increased Pi accumulation in oswrky10. Furthermore, during Pi starvation, OsWRKY10 protein was degraded through the 26S proteasome. Altogether, the OsWRKY10-OsPHT1;2 module represents a crucial loop in the Pi signaling network in rice, inhibiting Pi uptake when there is ample Pi in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shichao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Tingting Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Min Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Liyan Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Zhaoyang Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Xiaoli Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hongye Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Jun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Huanhuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | | | - Guohua Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
- MOA Key Laboratory of Plant Nutrition and Fertilization in Lower-Middle Reaches of the Yangtze River, Nanjing 210095, China
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center for Solid Organic Waste Resource Utilization, Nanjing 210095, China
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19
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Jamla M, Joshi S, Patil S, Tripathi BN, Kumar V. MicroRNAs modulating nutrient homeostasis: a sustainable approach for developing biofortified crops. Protoplasma 2023; 260:5-19. [PMID: 35657503 DOI: 10.1007/s00709-022-01775-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
During their lifespan, sessile plants have to cope with bioavailability of the suboptimal nutrient concentration and have to constantly sense/evolve the connecting web of signal cascades for efficient nutrient uptake, storage, and translocation for proper growth and metabolism. However, environmental fluctuations and escalating anthropogenic activities are making it a formidable challenge for plants. This is adding to (micro)nutrient-deficient crops and nutritional insecurity. Biofortification is emerging as a sustainable and efficacious approach which can be utilized to combat the micronutrient malnutrition. A biofortified crop has an enriched level of desired nutrients developed using conventional breeding, agronomic practices, or advanced biotechnological tools. Nutrient homeostasis gets hampered under nutrient stress, which involves disturbance in short-distance and long-distance cell-cell/cell-organ communications involving multiple cellular and molecular components. Advanced sequencing platforms coupled with bioinformatics pipelines and databases have suggested the potential roles of tiny signaling molecules and post-transcriptional regulators, the microRNAs (miRNAs) in key plant phenomena including nutrient homeostasis. miRNAs are seen as emerging targets for biotechnology-based biofortification programs. Thus, understanding the mechanistic insights and regulatory role of miRNAs could open new windows for exploring them in developing nutrient-efficient biofortified crops. This review discusses significance and roles of miRNAs in plant nutrition and nutrient homeostasis and how they play key roles in plant responses to nutrient imbalances/deficiencies/toxicities covering major nutrients-nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), magnesium (Mg), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn). A perspective view has been given on developing miRNA-engineered biofortified crops with recent success stories. Current challenges and future strategies have also been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica Jamla
- Department of Biotechnology, Modern College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411016, India
| | - Shrushti Joshi
- Department of Biotechnology, Modern College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411016, India
| | - Suraj Patil
- Department of Biotechnology, Modern College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411016, India
| | - Bhumi Nath Tripathi
- Department of Biotechnology, Indira Gandhi National Tribal University, Amarkantak, 484887, India
| | - Vinay Kumar
- Department of Biotechnology, Modern College of Arts, Science and Commerce, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Ganeshkhind, Pune, 411016, India.
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20
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Dejana L, Ramírez-Serrano B, Rivero J, Gamir J, López-Ráez JA, Pozo MJ. Phosphorus availability drives mycorrhiza induced resistance in tomato. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:1060926. [PMID: 36600909 PMCID: PMC9806178 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.1060926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis can provide multiple benefits to the host plant, including improved nutrition and protection against biotic stress. Mycorrhiza induced resistance (MIR) against pathogens and insect herbivores has been reported in different plant systems, but nutrient availability may influence the outcome of the interaction. Phosphorus (P) is a key nutrient for plants and insects, but also a regulatory factor for AM establishment and functioning. However, little is known about how AM symbiosis and P interact to regulate plant resistance to pests. Here, using the tomato-Funneliformis mosseae mycorrhizal system, we analyzed the effect of moderate differences in P fertilization on plant and pest performance, and on MIR against biotic stressors including the fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea and the insect herbivore Spodoperta exigua. P fertilization impacted plant nutritional value, plant defenses, disease development and caterpillar survival, but these effects were modulated by the mycorrhizal status of the plant. Enhanced resistance of F. mosseae-inoculated plants against B. cinerea and S. exigua depended on P availability, as no protection was observed under the most P-limiting conditions. MIR was not directly explained by changes in the plant nutritional status nor to basal differences in defense-related phytohormones. Analysis of early plant defense responses to the damage associated molecules oligogalacturonides showed primed transcriptional activation of plant defenses occurring at intermediate P levels, but not under severe P limitation. The results show that P influences mycorrhizal priming of plant defenses and the resulting induced-resistance is dependent on P availability, and suggest that mycorrhiza fine-tunes the plant growth vs defense prioritization depending on P availability. Our results highlight how MIR is context dependent, thus unravel molecular mechanism based on plant defence in will contribute to improve the efficacy of mycorrhizal inoculants in crop protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Dejana
- Department of Soil Microbiology and Symbiotic Systems, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | - Beatriz Ramírez-Serrano
- Institut de Recherche sur la Biologie de l’Insecte (IRBI), UMR 7261, /Universite de Tours Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Tours, France
| | - Javier Rivero
- Department of Soil Microbiology and Symbiotic Systems, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | - Jordi Gamir
- Plant Immunity and Biochemistry Group, Department of Biology Biochemistry and Natural Sciences, Universitat Jaume I, Avd. Vicente Sos Baynat s/n, Castellón, Spain
| | - Juan A. López-Ráez
- Department of Soil Microbiology and Symbiotic Systems, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Granada, Spain
| | - María J. Pozo
- Department of Soil Microbiology and Symbiotic Systems, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Granada, Spain
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21
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Tripathi R, Tewari R, Singh KP, Keswani C, Minkina T, Srivastava AK, De Corato U, Sansinenea E. Plant mineral nutrition and disease resistance: A significant linkage for sustainable crop protection. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:883970. [PMID: 36340341 PMCID: PMC9631425 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.883970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Complete and balanced nutrition has always been the first line of plant defense due to the direct involvement of mineral elements in plant protection. Mineral elements affect plant health directly by modulating the activity of redox enzymes or improving the plant vigor indirectly by altering root exudates, and changing microflora population dynamics, rhizosphere soil nutrient content, pH fluctuation, lignin deposition, and phytoalexin biosynthesis. Nitrogen (N) is one of the most important macronutrients having a significant impact on the host-pathogen axis. N negatively affects the plant's physical defense along with the production of antimicrobial compounds, but it significantly alleviates defense-related enzyme levels that can eventually assist in systemic resistance. Potassium (K) is an essential plant nutrient, when it is present in adequate concentration, it can certainly increase the plant's polyphenolic concentrations, which play a critical role in the defense mechanism. Although no distinguished role of phosphorus (P) is observed in plant disease resistance, a high P content may increase the plant's susceptibility toward the invader. Manganese (Mn) is one of the most important micronutrients, which have a vital effect on photosynthesis, lignin biosynthesis, and other plant metabolic functions. Zinc (Zn) is a part of enzymes that are involved in auxin synthesis, infectivity, phytotoxin, and mycotoxin production in pathogenic microorganisms. Similarly, many other nutrients also have variable effects on enhancing or decreasing the host susceptibility toward disease onset and progression, thereby making integrative plant nutrition an indispensable component of sustainable agriculture. However, there are still many factors influencing the triple interaction of host-pathogen-mineral elements, which are not yet unraveled. Thereby, the present review has summarized the recent progress regarding the use of macro- and micronutrients in sustainable agriculture and their role in plant disease resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruchi Tripathi
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
| | - Rashmi Tewari
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
| | - K. P. Singh
- Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, India
| | - Chetan Keswani
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | - Tatiana Minkina
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, Russia
| | | | - Ugo De Corato
- Division of Bioenergy, Biorefinery and Green Chemistry (BBC-BIC), Department of Energy Technologies and Renewable Resources (TERIN), Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development (ENEA), Bari, Italy
| | - Estibaliz Sansinenea
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences, Benemerita, Autonomous University of Puebla, Puebla, Mexico
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22
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Val-Torregrosa B, Bundó M, Mallavarapu MD, Chiou TJ, Flors V, San Segundo B. Loss-of-function of NITROGEN LIMITATION ADAPTATION confers disease resistance in Arabidopsis by modulating hormone signaling and camalexin content. Plant Sci 2022; 323:111374. [PMID: 35839945 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Phosphorus is an important macronutrient required for plant growth and development. It is absorbed by the roots in the form of inorganic phosphate (Pi). Under Pi limiting conditions, plants activate the Phosphate Starvation Response (PSR) system to enhance Pi acquisition. The NITROGEN LIMITATION ADAPTION (NLA) gene is a component of the Arabidopsis PSR, and its expression is post-transcriptionally regulated by miR827. We show that loss-of-function of NLA and MIR827 overexpression increases Pi level and enhances resistance to infection by the fungal pathogen Plectosphaerella cucumerina in Arabidopsis. Upon pathogen infection, high Pi plants (e.g. nla plants and wild type plants grown under high Pi supply) showed enhanced callose deposition. High Pi plants also exhibited superinduction of camalexin biosynthesis genes which is consistent with increased levels of camalexin during pathogen infection. Pathogen infection and treatment with fungal elicitors, triggered up-regulation of MIR827 and down-regulation of NLA expression. Under non-infection conditions, the nla plants showed increased levels of SA and JA compared with wild type plants, their levels further increasing upon pathogen infection. Overall, the outcomes of this study suggest that NLA plays a role in Arabidopsis immunity, while supporting convergence between Pi signaling and immune signaling in Arabidopsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Val-Torregrosa
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Edifici CRAG, Carrer de la Vall Moronta, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mireia Bundó
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Edifici CRAG, Carrer de la Vall Moronta, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mani Deepika Mallavarapu
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Edifici CRAG, Carrer de la Vall Moronta, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés), 08193 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Tzyy-Jen Chiou
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, 128 Academia Road, Nankang, 115 Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Victor Flors
- Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural, Escuela Superior de Tecnología y Ciencias Experimentales, Universitat Jaume I, Castellón 12071, Spain
| | - Blanca San Segundo
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Edifici CRAG, Carrer de la Vall Moronta, Campus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés), 08193 Barcelona, Spain; Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Serrano, 117, 28010 Madrid, Spain.
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23
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Chan C. Progress in Salicylic Acid-Dependent Signaling for Growth–Defense Trade-Off. Cells 2022; 11:cells11192985. [PMID: 36230947 PMCID: PMC9563428 DOI: 10.3390/cells11192985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
One grand challenge for studying plant biotic and abiotic stress responses is to optimize plant growth and plasticity under variable environmental constraints, which in the long run benefits agricultural production. However, efforts in promoting plant immunity are often accompanied by compromised morphological “syndromes” such as growth retardation, sterility, and reduced yield. Such a trade-off is dictated by complex signaling driven by secondary messengers and phytohormones. Salicylic acid (SA) is a well-known phytohormone essential for basal immunity and systemic acquired resistance. Interestingly, recent updates suggest that external environmental cues, nutrient status, developmental stages, primary metabolism, and breeding strategies attribute an additional layer of control over SA-dependent signaling, and, hence, plant performance against pathogens. In this review, these external and internal factors are summarized, focusing on their specific roles on SA biosynthesis and downstream signaling leading to immunity. A few considerations and future opportunities are highlighted to improve plant fitness with minimal growth compensation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching Chan
- Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei 11677, Taiwan
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24
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Domes HS, Neu E, Linde M, Debener T. P Starvation in Roses Leads to Strongly Genotype-Dependent Induction of P-Transporter Genes during Black Spot Leaf Disease. J Fungi (Basel) 2022; 8:549. [PMID: 35736032 PMCID: PMC9224717 DOI: 10.3390/jof8060549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Revised: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 05/20/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Phosphorous starvation in plants has been reported to have contrasting effects on the interaction with pathogens in different plant pathogen systems and plant species. Both increases and decreases in susceptibility have been observed in numerous reports. Here, we analysed black spot infection and the leaf expression of two plant phosphate transporters and one defence marker gene in roses after phosphorous starvation. We varied three factors: phosphate starvation versus full supply of phosphorous, black spot infection vs. mock inoculation, and different susceptible and resistant progeny of a biparental rose population. Black spot susceptibility or resistance was not significantly changed upon phosphate starvation in either compatible or incompatible interactions. The expression of phosphate transporters was strongly induced upon starvation, but in some genotypes, expression was altered by black spot interaction as well. The marker for pathogenic interactions was exclusively induced by interaction with black spot, but the expression was altered by a combination of phosphate starvation and interaction with the fungus in some genotypes. In summary, phosphate starvation has clear effects on the gene expression of phosphate transporters in rose leaves, and the interaction with a hemibiotrophic leaf pathogen is strongly genotype dependent.
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25
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Kusajima M, Fujita M, Soudthedlath K, Nakamura H, Yoneyama K, Nomura T, Akiyama K, Maruyama-Nakashita A, Asami T, Nakashita H. Strigolactones Modulate Salicylic Acid-Mediated Disease Resistance in Arabidopsis thaliana. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23095246. [PMID: 35563637 PMCID: PMC9101170 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23095246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Strigolactones are low-molecular-weight phytohormones that play several roles in plants, such as regulation of shoot branching and interactions with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi and parasitic weeds. Recently, strigolactones have been shown to be involved in plant responses to abiotic and biotic stress conditions. Herein, we analyzed the effects of strigolactones on systemic acquired resistance induced through salicylic acid-mediated signaling. We observed that the systemic acquired resistance inducer enhanced disease resistance in strigolactone-signaling and biosynthesis-deficient mutants. However, the amount of endogenous salicylic acid and the expression levels of salicylic acid-responsive genes were lower in strigolactone signaling-deficient max2 mutants than in wildtype plants. In both the wildtype and strigolactone biosynthesis-deficient mutants, the strigolactone analog GR24 enhanced disease resistance, whereas treatment with a strigolactone biosynthesis inhibitor suppressed disease resistance in the wildtype. Before inoculation of wildtype plants with pathogenic bacteria, treatment with GR24 did not induce defense-related genes; however, salicylic acid-responsive defense genes were rapidly induced after pathogenic infection. These findings suggest that strigolactones have a priming effect on Arabidopsis thaliana by inducing salicylic acid-mediated disease resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miyuki Kusajima
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; (M.K.); (H.N.); (T.A.)
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Fukui Prefectural University, Fukui 910-1195, Japan;
| | - Moeka Fujita
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Fukui Prefectural University, Fukui 910-1195, Japan;
| | - Khamsalath Soudthedlath
- Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; (K.S.); (A.M.-N.)
| | - Hidemitsu Nakamura
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; (M.K.); (H.N.); (T.A.)
| | - Koichi Yoneyama
- Center for Bioscience Research and Education, Utsunomiya University, Tochigi 321-8505, Japan; (K.Y.); (T.N.)
| | - Takahito Nomura
- Center for Bioscience Research and Education, Utsunomiya University, Tochigi 321-8505, Japan; (K.Y.); (T.N.)
| | - Kohki Akiyama
- Graduate School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Osaka Prefecture University, Osaka 599-8531, Japan;
| | - Akiko Maruyama-Nakashita
- Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan; (K.S.); (A.M.-N.)
| | - Tadao Asami
- Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; (M.K.); (H.N.); (T.A.)
| | - Hideo Nakashita
- Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Fukui Prefectural University, Fukui 910-1195, Japan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-776-61-6000
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26
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Val‐Torregrosa B, Bundó M, Martín‐Cardoso H, Bach‐Pages M, Chiou T, Flors V, Segundo BS. Phosphate-induced resistance to pathogen infection in Arabidopsis. Plant J 2022; 110:452-469. [PMID: 35061924 PMCID: PMC9303409 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
In nature, plants are concurrently exposed to a number of abiotic and biotic stresses. Our understanding of convergence points between responses to combined biotic/abiotic stress pathways remains, however, rudimentary. Here we show that MIR399 overexpression, loss-of-function of PHOSPHATE2 (PHO2), or treatment with high phosphate (Pi) levels is accompanied by an increase in Pi content and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in Arabidopsis thaliana. High Pi plants (e.g., miR399 overexpressors, pho2 mutants, and plants grown under high Pi supply) exhibited resistance to infection by necrotrophic and hemibiotrophic fungal pathogens. In the absence of pathogen infection, the expression levels of genes in the salicylic acid (SA)- and jasmonic acid (JA)-dependent signaling pathways were higher in high Pi plants compared to wild-type plants grown under control conditions, which is consistent with increased levels of SA and JA in non-infected high Pi plants. During infection, an opposite regulation in the two branches of the JA pathway (ERF1/PDF1.2 and MYC2/VSP2) occurs in high Pi plants. Thus, while pathogen infection induces PDF1.2 expression in miR399 OE and pho2 plants, VSP2 expression is downregulated by pathogen infection in these plants. This study supports the notion that Pi accumulation promotes resistance to infection by fungal pathogens in Arabidopsis, while providing a basis to better understand interactions between Pi signaling and hormonal signaling pathways for modulation of plant immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beatriz Val‐Torregrosa
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC‐IRTA‐UAB‐UBCampus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Mireia Bundó
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC‐IRTA‐UAB‐UBCampus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Héctor Martín‐Cardoso
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC‐IRTA‐UAB‐UBCampus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Marcel Bach‐Pages
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC‐IRTA‐UAB‐UBCampus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés)BarcelonaSpain
| | - Tzyy‐Jen Chiou
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia SinicaTaipei 115Taiwan
| | - Victor Flors
- Departamento de Ciencias Agrarias y del Medio Natural, Escuela Superior de Tecnología y Ciencias ExperimentalesUniversitat Jaume ICastellóSpain
| | - Blanca San Segundo
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG) CSIC‐IRTA‐UAB‐UBCampus Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Bellaterra (Cerdanyola del Vallés)BarcelonaSpain
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC)BarcelonaSpain
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27
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Riemer E, Pullagurla NJ, Yadav R, Rana P, Jessen HJ, Kamleitner M, Schaaf G, Laha D. Regulation of plant biotic interactions and abiotic stress responses by inositol polyphosphates. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:944515. [PMID: 36035672 PMCID: PMC9403785 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.944515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Inositol pyrophosphates (PP-InsPs), derivatives of inositol hexakisphosphate (phytic acid, InsP6) or lower inositol polyphosphates, are energy-rich signaling molecules that have critical regulatory functions in eukaryotes. In plants, the biosynthesis and the cellular targets of these messengers are not fully understood. This is because, in part, plants do not possess canonical InsP6 kinases and are able to synthesize PP-InsP isomers that appear to be absent in yeast or mammalian cells. This review will shed light on recent discoveries in the biosynthesis of these enigmatic messengers and on how they regulate important physiological processes in response to abiotic and biotic stresses in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esther Riemer
- Departmentof Plant Nutrition, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- *Correspondence: Esther Riemer,
| | | | - Ranjana Yadav
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Priyanshi Rana
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Henning J. Jessen
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & CIBSS – The Center of Biological Signaling Studies, Albert-Ludwigs University Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Marília Kamleitner
- Departmentof Plant Nutrition, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Gabriel Schaaf
- Departmentof Plant Nutrition, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Debabrata Laha
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
- Debabrata Laha,
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28
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Dindas J, DeFalco TA, Yu G, Zhang L, David P, Bjornson M, Thibaud MC, Custódio V, Castrillo G, Nussaume L, Macho AP, Zipfel C. Direct inhibition of phosphate transport by immune signaling in Arabidopsis. Curr Biol 2021; 32:488-495.e5. [PMID: 34919806 PMCID: PMC8791604 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2021.11.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Soil availability of inorganic ortho-phosphate (PO43-, Pi) is a key determinant of plant growth and fitness.1 Plants regulate the capacity of their roots to take up inorganic phosphate by adapting the abundance of H+-coupled phosphate transporters of the PHOSPHATE TRANSPORTER 1 (PHT1) family2 at the plasma membrane (PM) through transcriptional and post-translational changes driven by the genetic network of the phosphate starvation response (PSR).3-8 Increasing evidence also shows that plants integrate immune responses to alleviate phosphate starvation stress through the association with beneficial microbes.9-11 Whether and how such phosphate transport is regulated upon activation of immune responses is yet uncharacterized. To address this question, we first developed quantitative assays based on changes in the electrical PM potential to measure active Pi transport in roots in real time. By inserting micro-electrodes into bulging root hairs, we were able to determine key characteristics of phosphate transport in intact Arabidopsis thaliana (hereafter Arabidopsis) seedlings. The fast Pi-induced depolarization observed was dependent on the activity of the major phosphate transporter PHT1;4. Notably, we observed that this PHT1;4-mediated phosphate uptake is repressed upon activation of pattern-triggered immunity. This inhibition depended on the receptor-like cytoplasmic kinases BOTRYTIS-INDUCED KINASE 1 (BIK1) and PBS1-LIKE KINASE 1 (PBL1), which both phosphorylated PHT1;4. As a corollary to this negative regulation of phosphate transport by immune signaling, we found that PHT1;4-mediated phosphate uptake normally negatively regulates anti-bacterial immunity in roots. Collectively, our results reveal a mechanism linking plant immunity and phosphate homeostasis, with BIK1/PBL1 providing a molecular integration point between these two important pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Dindas
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology and Zürich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas A DeFalco
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology and Zürich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland; The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK
| | - Gang Yu
- Laboratory of Molecular Plant-Bacteria Interactions, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Laboratory of Molecular Plant-Bacteria Interactions, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Pascale David
- Aix-Marseille Université, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, UMR7265, SAVE (Signalisation pour l'Adaptation des Végétaux à leur Environnement), Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Marta Bjornson
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology and Zürich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Marie-Christine Thibaud
- Aix-Marseille Université, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, UMR7265, SAVE (Signalisation pour l'Adaptation des Végétaux à leur Environnement), Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Valéria Custódio
- Future Food Beacon of Excellence & School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, UK
| | - Gabriel Castrillo
- Future Food Beacon of Excellence & School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington, UK
| | - Laurent Nussaume
- Aix-Marseille Université, CEA, CNRS, BIAM, UMR7265, SAVE (Signalisation pour l'Adaptation des Végétaux à leur Environnement), Saint-Paul-lez-Durance, France
| | - Alberto P Macho
- Laboratory of Molecular Plant-Bacteria Interactions, Shanghai Center for Plant Stress Biology, Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, China
| | - Cyril Zipfel
- Institute of Plant and Microbial Biology and Zürich-Basel Plant Science Center, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland; The Sainsbury Laboratory, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich, UK.
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29
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Abstract
Phosphorus (P) is the second most essential macronutrient in terms of limiting plant growth. The genes involved in P acquisition, transport, storage, utilization and respective regulation have been extensively studied. In addition, significant attention has been given to the crosstalk between P and other environmental stresses. In this review, we summarize recent discoveries pertaining to the emerging function of P in plant immunity. The roles of external soil P availability, internal cellular P in plants, P starvation signaling machinery and phosphate transporters in biotic interactions are discussed. We also highlight the impact of several phytohormones on the signaling convergence between cellular P and immune responses. This information may serve as a foundation for dissecting the molecular interaction between nutrient responses and plant immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ching Chan
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529 Taiwan
| | - Ya-Yun Liao
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529 Taiwan
| | - Tzyy-Jen Chiou
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 11529 Taiwan
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30
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Abstract
Phosphate is an essential macronutrient for fungal proliferation as well as a key mediator of antagonistic, beneficial, and pathogenic interactions between fungi and other organisms. In this review, we summarize recent insights into the integration of phosphate metabolism with mechanisms of fungal adaptation that support growth and survival. In particular, we highlight aspects of phosphate sensing important for responses to stress and regulation of cell-surface changes with an impact on fungal pathogenesis, host immune responses, and disease outcomes. Additionally, new studies provide insights into the influence of phosphate availability on cooperative or antagonistic interactions between fungi and other microbes, the associations of mycorrhizal and endophytic fungi with plants, and connections with plant immunity. Overall, phosphate homeostasis is emerging as an integral part of fungal metabolism and communication to support diverse lifestyles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kabir Bhalla
- Michael Smith Laboratories, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Xianya Qu
- Michael Smith Laboratories, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Matthias Kretschmer
- Michael Smith Laboratories, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - James W Kronstad
- Michael Smith Laboratories, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
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31
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Devanna BN, Jaswal R, Singh PK, Kapoor R, Jain P, Kumar G, Sharma Y, Samantaray S, Sharma TR. Role of transporters in plant disease resistance. Physiol Plant 2021; 171:849-867. [PMID: 33639002 DOI: 10.1111/ppl.13377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Plants being sessile have evolved numerous mechanisms to meet the changing environmental and growth conditions. Plant pathogens are responsible for devastating disease epidemics in many species. Transporter proteins are an integral part of plant growth and development, and several studies have documented their role in pathogen disease resistance. In this review, we analyze the studies on genome-wide identifications of plant transporters like sugars will eventually be exported transporters (SWEET), multidrug and toxic compound extrusion (MATE) transporters, ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, natural resistance-associated macrophage proteins (NRAMP), and sugar transport proteins (STPs), all having a significant role in plant disease resistance. The mechanism of action of these transporters, their solute specificity, and the potential application of recent molecular biology approaches deploying these transporters for the development of disease-resistant plants are also discussed. The applications of genome editing tools, such as CRIPSR/Cas9, are also presented. Altogether the information included in this article gives a better understanding of the role of transporter proteins during plant-pathogen interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rajdeep Jaswal
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, India
| | | | - Ritu Kapoor
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, India
| | - Priyanka Jain
- ICAR-National Institute for Plant Biotechnology, New Delhi, India
| | - Gulshan Kumar
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, India
| | - Yogesh Sharma
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute, Mohali, India
| | | | - Tilak R Sharma
- Indian Council of Agricultural Research, Division of Crop Science, New Delhi, India
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32
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Xu L, Pierroz G, Wipf HML, Gao C, Taylor JW, Lemaux PG, Coleman-Derr D. Holo-omics for deciphering plant-microbiome interactions. Microbiome 2021; 9:69. [PMID: 33762001 PMCID: PMC7988928 DOI: 10.1186/s40168-021-01014-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Host-microbiome interactions are recognized for their importance to host health. An improved understanding of the molecular underpinnings of host-microbiome relationships will advance our capacity to accurately predict host fitness and manipulate interaction outcomes. Within the plant microbiome research field, unlocking the functional relationships between plants and their microbial partners is the next step to effectively using the microbiome to improve plant fitness. We propose that strategies that pair host and microbial datasets-referred to here as holo-omics-provide a powerful approach for hypothesis development and advancement in this area. We discuss several experimental design considerations and present a case study to highlight the potential for holo-omics to generate a more holistic perspective of molecular networks within the plant microbiome system. In addition, we discuss the biggest challenges for conducting holo-omics studies; specifically, the lack of vetted analytical frameworks, publicly available tools, and required technical expertise to process and integrate heterogeneous data. Finally, we conclude with a perspective on appropriate use-cases for holo-omics studies, the need for downstream validation, and new experimental techniques that hold promise for the plant microbiome research field. We argue that utilizing a holo-omics approach to characterize host-microbiome interactions can provide important opportunities for broadening system-level understandings and significantly inform microbial approaches to improving host health and fitness. Video abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Xu
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA USA
| | - Grady Pierroz
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA USA
| | - Heidi M.-L. Wipf
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA USA
| | - Cheng Gao
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA USA
| | - John W. Taylor
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA USA
| | - Peggy G. Lemaux
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA USA
| | - Devin Coleman-Derr
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA USA
- Plant Gene Expression Center, USDA-ARS, Albany, CA USA
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