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Denche-Zamorano Á, García-Paniagua R, Pastor-Cisneros R, Pereira-Payo D, Pérez Gómez J. Influence of physical activity level and perceived social support on mental health and psychological distress in women with menopause problems. PSYCHOL HEALTH MED 2024:1-18. [PMID: 38712645 DOI: 10.1080/13548506.2024.2347522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
Perceived Social Support (PSS) and Physical Activity (PA) could have an important role in reducing psychological distress in women with problems in the menopausal period. The aim was to analyze the associations between a) Self-Perceived Health (SPH), prevalence of self-reported depression and anxiety, and mental health and its subscales, through the Goldberg General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12) with b) the Physical Activity Level (PAL) and c) the PSS, through the Duke-UNC-11 functional social support questionnaire in Spanish women with problems in the menopausal period. This document uses data from the Spanish National Health Survey of 2017, focusing on women between 40 and 69 years of age with problems in the menopausal period. Dependency relationships were found between the prevalence of depression and PAL, anxiety and PAL, and SPH with PAL (p < 0.001). Weak inverse correlations were found between PAL and mental health, Coping Success, Self-confidence, and Stress (rho: - 0.214 to - 0.258; p < 0.001). Also, weak and very weak significant inverse correlations were found between PAL and all items of the GHQ-12. Weak inverse correlations were found between PSS scores and mental health, Coping, and Stress (r: -0.201 to - 0.304; p < 0.001). Likewise, weak and very weak inverse correlations, although statistically significant, were found between the PSS scores and the responses to the GHQ-12 items. Very active women with higher PSS have less psychological distress, higher self-esteem, and better prevalence of positive health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ángel Denche-Zamorano
- Promoting a Healthy Society Research Group (PheSo), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Roberto García-Paniagua
- Health Economy Motricity and Education (HEME), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Raquel Pastor-Cisneros
- Promoting a Healthy Society Research Group (PheSo), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Damián Pereira-Payo
- Health Economy Motricity and Education (HEME), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
| | - Jorge Pérez Gómez
- Health Economy Motricity and Education (HEME), Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Extremadura, Cáceres, Spain
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Streb AR, Vieira CG, Leonel LDS, Bertuol C, Tozetto WR, Benedet J, Del Duca GF. Effects of linear periodized and non-periodized combined training on body image perception of adults with obesity: A randomized clinical trial. Clin Rehabil 2024:2692155241249670. [PMID: 38693767 DOI: 10.1177/02692155241249670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Verify the effect of non-periodized and linear periodized combined training on body image perception and body dissatisfaction in adults with obesity. DESIGN A randomized clinical trial on the effect of two types of combined training periodization was carried out on people with grade I and II obesity. SETTING Participants were allocated into three groups: non-periodized periodization group, linear periodization group, and control group, with 23 participants in each. SUBJECTS Adults with obesity, with a body mass index between 30 kg/m² and 40 kg/m². INTERVENTIONS The intervention lasted 16 weeks (separated into three mesocycles of 4 weeks and 1 week of familiarization), in 3 weekly sessions of 1 hour each, composed of aerobic (30 min) and muscle strength exercises (six exercises) in the same session. The group with non-periodized model maintained uniform intensity, volume, and workload throughout the mesocycles. The group with the linear periodization model started with low initial intensity, subsequently introducing a gradual increase of intensity in the mesocycles. MAIN MEASURES Body image perception (current and ideal silhouette) and body dissatisfaction were assessed using the Stunkard silhouette scale. RESULTS The perception of the current silhouette increased only in the control group (Δ = 1.16; p = 0.04). There was a significant reduction in the ideal silhouette over time (p = 0.001), especially in non-periodized group (Δ = -1.26). Body dissatisfaction increased significantly only over time (p = 0.001), especially for control group (Δ = 1.47). CONCLUSIONS Regardless of periodization, combined training effectively maintained the perception of the current silhouette and reduced the ideal silhouette in adults with obesity. TRIAL REGISTRATION Brazilian Registry of Clinical Trials (RBR-3c7rt3).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Ribeiro Streb
- Department of Physical Education, Research Center in Physical Activity and Health, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Carolina Graef Vieira
- Department of Physical Education, Research Center in Physical Activity and Health, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Larissa Dos Santos Leonel
- Department of Physical Education, Research Center in Physical Activity and Health, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Cecília Bertuol
- Department of Physical Education, Research Center in Physical Activity and Health, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Willen Remon Tozetto
- Department of Physical Education, Research Center in Physical Activity and Health, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Jucemar Benedet
- Department of Physical Education, Research Center in Physical Activity and Health, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - Giovani Firpo Del Duca
- Department of Physical Education, Research Center in Physical Activity and Health, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
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Boppre G, Diniz-Sousa F, Veras L, Bezerra A, Devezas V, Preto J, Santos-Sousa H, Oliveira J, Fonseca H. Impact of a Multicomponent Exercise Training Program on Muscle Strength After Bariatric Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Obes Surg 2024; 34:1704-1716. [PMID: 38532144 PMCID: PMC11031478 DOI: 10.1007/s11695-024-07173-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 03/11/2024] [Accepted: 03/13/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study examined the benefits of an 11-months multicomponent exercise program (MEP) on muscular strength (MS) after bariatric surgery. METHODS Of the 84 randomized patients, 41 participants from the exercise group (EG) and 20 participants from the control group (CG) were included in the analysis. The EG received supervised MEP for 11 months, starting 1-month post-bariatric surgery (BS) in addition to standard medical care, while the CG received medical care recommendations only. Knee and trunk MS was assessed by isokinetic dynamometry pre-surgery, 1-, 6-, and 12-month post-surgery, while body composition was assessed by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS The MEP did not significantly impact absolute MS in the dominant knee and trunk regions at 6- and 12-month post-BS. However, relative MS showed significant improvements. At 6-month post-BS, knee flexion at 60°/s relative to body weight (BW) increased significantly (p = 0.047), as did knee extension at 180°/s relative to BW (p = 0.009), and knee extension at 60°/s relative to total lean mass (p=0.040). At 12-month post-BS, knee flexion at 60°/s relative to BW also significantly improved (p=0.038). CONCLUSION While absolute MS was not significantly improved with MEP, this study found significant enhancements in relative MS, particularly in dominant knee flexion post-MEP participation. Further research should explore different exercise intensities and frequencies to optimize postoperative MS recovery post-BS. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02843048).
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorjines Boppre
- Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health, and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa, 91, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal.
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal.
| | - Florêncio Diniz-Sousa
- Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health, and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa, 91, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal
| | - Lucas Veras
- Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health, and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa, 91, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal
| | - Andrea Bezerra
- Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health, and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa, 91, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal
| | - Vitor Devezas
- General Surgery Department, São João Medical Center, Porto, Portugal
| | - John Preto
- General Surgery Department, São João Medical Center, Porto, Portugal
| | - Hugo Santos-Sousa
- General Surgery Department, São João Medical Center, Porto, Portugal
| | - José Oliveira
- Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health, and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa, 91, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal
| | - Hélder Fonseca
- Research Centre in Physical Activity, Health, and Leisure (CIAFEL), Faculty of Sport, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Plácido Costa, 91, 4200-450, Porto, Portugal
- Laboratory for Integrative and Translational Research in Population Health (ITR), Porto, Portugal
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Davis ME, Blake C, O’Donoghue G. Comparison of time-matched aerobic, resistance or combined exercise training in women living with obesity: The EXOFFIT study. Obes Sci Pract 2024; 10:e749. [PMID: 38567266 PMCID: PMC10986633 DOI: 10.1002/osp4.749] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) have been shown to largely attenuate the negative health risks associated with obesity. To date, literature on women with obesity has focused upon the evaluation of aerobic-based exercise interventions. Hence, there is a need to evaluate resistance and combined interventions with this cohort. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of three exercise modalities in women with obesity for improving CRF, strength, body composition and other health outcomes. Methods Sixty-seven women with obesity were randomly assigned to the control (CON) or one of three exercise groups (aerobic [AE], resistance [RE], COM). Exercise groups were trained x3 times/week for 12 weeks (up to 150-min/week). Feasibility outcomes included adherence, attendance, recruitment and retention rates and adverse events. Secondary outcomes were CRF (predicted VO2 max), body composition (body weight [BW], waist circumference [WC], body fat percentage [%BF], fat mass [FM] and lean mass) and strength (5RM bench press, leg dynamometry, grip strength) and self-reported measures of physical activity, mood, sleep, pain and quality of life. Results Findings support the feasibility of all three exercise modalities in terms of adherence, attendance, and retention. Interventions with a resistance component (COM and RE) were associated with the greatest improvements across the broad range of health outcomes measured. Combined was the most promising for body composition outcomes including body mass index (Effect size [ES] = 0.79, p = 0.04), BW (ES = 0.75, p = 0.05), %BF (ES = 0.77, p = 0.04), FM (ES = 0.83, p = 0.03) and WC (ES = 0.90, p = 0.02), physical activity (i.e., moderate physical activity [ES = 0.69, p = 0.07), mood (ES = 0.83, p = 0.03) and sleep (ES = 0.78, p = 0.04). Resistance was most promising for CRF (ES = 1.47, p = 0.002), strength (i.e., bench press [ES = 2.88, p=<0.001]) and pain (i.e., pain severity [ES = 0.40, p = 0.31]). Conclusions For health outcomes, these results indicate the importance of including a resistance component when prescribing exercise for women with obesity to achieve meaningful improvements. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN13517067.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mary E. Davis
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports ScienceHealth Sciences BuildingUniversity College DublinDublinIreland
| | - Catherine Blake
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports ScienceHealth Sciences BuildingUniversity College DublinDublinIreland
| | - Gráinne O’Donoghue
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy and Sports ScienceHealth Sciences BuildingUniversity College DublinDublinIreland
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Dickerson B, Maury J, Jenkins V, Nottingham K, Xing D, Gonzalez DE, Leonard M, Kendra J, Ko J, Yoo C, Johnson S, Pradelles R, Purpura M, Jäger R, Sowinski R, Rasmussen CJ, Kreider RB. Effects of Supplementation with Microalgae Extract from Phaeodactylum tricornutum (Mi136) to Support Benefits from a Weight Management Intervention in Overweight Women. Nutrients 2024; 16:990. [PMID: 38613023 PMCID: PMC11013338 DOI: 10.3390/nu16070990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2024] [Revised: 03/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Microalgae like Phaeodactylum tricornutum (PT) contain the carotenoid, fucoxanthin, which has been purported to promote fat loss, lower blood lipids, and improve glucose management. This study examined whether dietary supplementation with microalgae extracts from PT containing 4.4 mg/d of fucoxanthin affects changes in body composition or health markers in overweight women during an exercise and diet intervention. MATERIALS AND METHODS A total of 37 females (28.6 ± 7.9 years, 80.2 ± 14.9 kg, 29.6 ± 3.8 kg/m², 41.4 ± 4.2% fat) fasted for 12 h, donated a fasting blood sample, completed health and mood state inventories, and undertook body composition, health, and exercise assessments. In a counterbalanced, randomized, and double-blind manner, participants ingested a placebo (PL), or microalgae extract of Phaeodactylum tricornutum standardized to 4.4 mg of fucoxanthin (FX) for 12 weeks while participating in a supervised exercise program that included resistance-training and walking (3 days/week) with encouragement to accumulate 10,000 steps/day on remaining days of the week. The diet intervention involved reducing energy intake by about -300 kcal/d (i.e., ≈1400-1600 kcals/d, 55% carbohydrate, 30% fat, 15% protein) to promote a -500 kcal/d energy deficit with exercise. Follow-up testing was performed at 6 and 12 weeks. A general linear model (GLM) with repeated measures statistical analysis was used to analyze group responses and changes from baseline with 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS Dietary supplementation with microalgae extract from PT containing fucoxanthin for 12 weeks did not promote additional weight loss or fat loss in overweight but otherwise healthy females initiating an exercise and diet intervention designed to promote modest weight loss. However, fucoxanthin supplementation preserved bone mass, increased bone density, and saw greater improvements in walking steps/day, resting heart rate, aerobic capacity, blood lipid profiles, adherence to diet goals, functional activity tolerance, and measures of quality of life. Consequently, there appears to be some benefit to supplementing microalgae extract from PT containing fucoxanthin during a diet and exercise program. Registered clinical trial #NCT04761406.
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Affiliation(s)
- Broderick Dickerson
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| | - Jonathan Maury
- Research & Development Department, Microphyt, 34670 Baillargues, France; (J.M.); (R.P.)
| | - Victoria Jenkins
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| | - Kay Nottingham
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| | - Dante Xing
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| | - Drew E. Gonzalez
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| | - Megan Leonard
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| | - Jacob Kendra
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| | - Joungbo Ko
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| | - Choongsung Yoo
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| | - Sarah Johnson
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| | - Rémi Pradelles
- Research & Development Department, Microphyt, 34670 Baillargues, France; (J.M.); (R.P.)
| | - Martin Purpura
- Increnovo LLC, Whitefish Bay, WI 53217, USA; (M.P.); (R.J.)
| | - Ralf Jäger
- Increnovo LLC, Whitefish Bay, WI 53217, USA; (M.P.); (R.J.)
| | - Ryan Sowinski
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| | - Christopher J. Rasmussen
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
| | - Richard B. Kreider
- Exercise & Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sports Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA; (B.D.); (V.J.); (K.N.); (D.X.); (D.E.G.); (M.L.); (J.K.); (J.K.); (C.Y.); (S.J.); (R.S.); (C.J.R.)
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Cadenas-Sanchez C, Fernández-Rodríguez R, Martínez-Vizcaíno V, de Los Reyes González N, Lavie CJ, Galán-Mercant A, Jiménez-Pavón D. A systematic review and cluster analysis approach of 103 studies of high-intensity interval training on cardiorespiratory fitness. Eur J Prev Cardiol 2024; 31:400-411. [PMID: 37738464 DOI: 10.1093/eurjpc/zwad309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
AIMS This study aims to systematically review the systematic reviews and meta-analyses examining the effect of high-intensity interval training (HIIT) protocols on improving cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and to characterize the main patterns of HIIT modalities using clustering statistical procedures to examine their potential differences on improving CRF. Finally, we aimed to develop a comprehensive guideline for reporting HIIT protocols. METHODS AND RESULTS A systematic review was conducted on PubMed and Web of Science from their inception to 31 October 2022 for systematic reviews and meta-analysis aimed at assessing the effect of HIIT on CRF in the entire study population. The Assessment of Multiple Systematic Reviews 2 tool was used to evaluate the risk of bias of each review. Additionally, a principal component analysis testing the data adequacy for the factor solution through the Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin procedure test was conducted. Once the number of factors was identified, in order to identify data patterns according to the main characteristics of the HIIT protocols, a two-step cluster analysis was conducted. Nineteen systematic reviews and/or meta-analyses comprising 103 studies were included. Clustering of systematic reviews and meta-analyses identified three HIIT modalities ('HIIT-normal mixed', 'HIIT-long running', and 'HIIT-short cycling') underlying the interventions across the included studies. Similar effectiveness in increasing CRF among the three HIIT modalities was observed. Subgroup analyses showed no significant differences in CRF by sex, weight status, study design, and baseline physical activity level (P > 0.05), but differences were observed by age group, and exercise intensity indicator was used in the HIIT programmes (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION All three HIIT modalities produced significant improvements of CRF, although some modalities showed greater changes for some specific age groups or intensity indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Cadenas-Sanchez
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sports Science, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), University of Granada, Granada, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Granada, Spain
- Department of Cardiology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Veterans Affair Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA
| | - Rubén Fernández-Rodríguez
- Edificio Melchor Cano, Centro de Estudios Socio-Sanitarios, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Santa Teresa Jornet s/n, 16071 Cuenca, Spain
| | - Vicente Martínez-Vizcaíno
- Edificio Melchor Cano, Centro de Estudios Socio-Sanitarios, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Santa Teresa Jornet s/n, 16071 Cuenca, Spain
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Talca, Chile
| | | | - Carl J Lavie
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, John Ochsner Heart and Vascular Institute, Ochsner Clinical School, The University of Queensland School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, USA
| | - Alejandro Galán-Mercant
- MOVE-IT Research Group, Faculty of Nursing and Physiotherapy, Biomedical Research Innovation Institute of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - David Jiménez-Pavón
- MOVE-IT Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences and Biomedical Research Innovation Institute of Cádiz, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), Madrid, Spain
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Lanham SN, Nagel TR, Rochani H, Melton BF, Cleveland RE. Strengthening First Responders' Coaching Proficiency through a Peer Fitness Leader Workshop: A Preliminary Efficacy Trial. Int J Exerc Sci 2024; 17:298-307. [PMID: 38665685 PMCID: PMC11042847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
First responders require physical fitness to perform dangerous tasks in unpredictable environments. To promote physical fitness among first responders, many agencies use a peer fitness leader (PFL) approach; however, resources for the fitness, wellness, and health of PFLs are often minimal. This study's purpose was to investigate the effectiveness of a training workshop to increase PFL's training knowledge and coaching comfort (CC). Thirty-six PFLs (Experience: 14.6 ± 9.1 yrs; Age: 41.0 ± 9.8 yrs; BMI: 28.9 ± 7.0 kg·m-2) attended a one-day workshop. Paired samples t-tests assessed for differences between baseline and post-assessment knowledge scores. Pearson correlations described the bivariate relationship between baseline and post-assessment knowledge scores. Wilcoxon's Signed Rank Test determined associations between baseline and post-workshop CC variables. Spearman's Rho correlations described bivariate relationships between baseline and post-assessment values for each CC category. Kendall's Rank correlations investigated relationships between knowledge scores and total perceived CC for pre- and post-workshops. Statistical significance was set at p < 0.05. Results indicated an improvement from the baseline knowledge score (6.08 ± 1.46 points) and post-workshop knowledge score (7.03 ± 0.94 points); (t (25) = 3.85; p < 0.001). Similar trends were observed for all CC measures (Z > -3.42; p < 0.001). Differences were not observed between pre-workshop total CC and knowledge scores (τ = -0.03; p = 0.81) or following workshop completion (τ = -0.04; p = 0.76). Participants demonstrated varying exercise knowledge and CC, highlighting inconsistencies in exercise standards within first responder occupations. This investigation suggests the proposed pedagogy design may be a solution for agencies with limited budgets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah N Lanham
- Department of Health Sciences and Kinesiology, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia
- Department of Kinesiology and Health Promotion, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY
| | - Thomas R Nagel
- Department of Health Sciences and Kinesiology, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia
| | - Haresh Rochani
- Department of Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Environmental Health Sciences, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA
| | - Bridget F Melton
- Department of Health Sciences and Kinesiology, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, Georgia
| | - Richard E Cleveland
- Department of Counselor Education, Georgia Southern University, Statesboro, GA
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Li QZ, Fang Q, Zhao XT, Peng W. Motor ability development by integrating small-sided games into physical education class. Front Psychol 2024; 15:1259924. [PMID: 38318084 PMCID: PMC10839081 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1259924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Quan Zhi Li
- School of Sport and Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qun Fang
- School of Physical Education, Qingdao University, Qingdao, Shandong, China
| | - Xi Tang Zhao
- School of Sport and Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wan Peng
- School of Sport and Health, Nanjing Sport Institute, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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9
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Wang H, Cheng R, Xie L, Hu F. Comparative efficacy of exercise training modes on systemic metabolic health in adults with overweight and obesity: a network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 14:1294362. [PMID: 38288474 PMCID: PMC10823366 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1294362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This network meta-analysis (NMA) was conducted to compare and rank the effects of training interventions including aerobic exercise (AE), resistance training (RT), combined aerobic and resistance training (CT), and high-intensity interval training (HIIT) on vital metabolic indicators in adults with overweight and obesity. Methods PubMed, Cochrane, Embase, and Web of Science were searched from 1990 to February 2023. Articles were included if they described randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining the effects of exercise training on anthropometry parameters, lipid profiles, glucose metabolism, blood pressure, and cardiorespiratory fitness in adults with overweight and obesity. Weighted mean difference with 95% CI was calculated. Results A total of 28 studies with 1,620 patients were included. Results revealed that AE exerts best effects on weight loss (-2.35 [-4.05, -0.64]) and body mass index (-0.9 [-1.38, -0.42]), while HIIT is the most effective in reducing waist circumference (-5.93 [10.71, -1.15]), percentage body fat (-3.93 [-5.73, -2.12]), serum triglycerides (-20.55 [-37.20, -3.91]), and fasting blood glucose (-14.31 [-22.47, -6.16]) and improving VO2 max (7.41 [4.37, 10.45]). However, no significant benefit was observed in terms of total cholesterol and blood pressure. Conclusions AE is the optimal exercise type for reducing body weight and BMI, while HIIT exerts the most beneficial effects on improving body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness, and metabolic abnormalities in adults with overweight and obesity. Systematic review registration https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42023444322, identifier CRD42023444322.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huiying Wang
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ruitang Cheng
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Lijun Xie
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Fang Hu
- National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology, Ministry of Education, Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan, China
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10
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Serrano QA, Le Garf S, Martin V, Colson SS, Chevalier N. Is Physical Activity an Efficient Strategy to Control the Adverse Effects of Persistent Organic Pollutants in the Context of Obesity? A Narrative Review. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:883. [PMID: 38255955 PMCID: PMC10815489 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25020883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/27/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity affects nearly 660 million adults worldwide and is known for its many comorbidities. Although the phenomenon of obesity is not fully understood, science regularly reveals new determinants of this pathology. Among them, persistent organic pollutants (POPs) have been recently highlighted. Mainly lipophilic, POPs are normally stored in adipose tissue and can lead to adverse metabolic effects when released into the bloodstream. The main objective of this narrative review is to discuss the different pathways by which physical activity may counteract POPs' adverse effects. The research that we carried out seems to indicate that physical activity could positively influence several pathways negatively influenced by POPs, such as insulin resistance, inflammation, lipid accumulation, adipogenesis, and gut microbiota dysbiosis, that are associated with the development of obesity. This review also indicates how, through the controlled mobilization of POPs, physical activity could be a valuable approach to reduce the concentration of POPs in the bloodstream. These findings suggest that physical activity should be used to counteract the adverse effects of POPs. However, future studies should accurately assess its impact in specific situations such as bariatric surgery, where weight loss promotes POPs' blood release.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Vincent Martin
- Université Clermont Auvergne, AME2P, F-63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France;
- Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), 75005 Paris, France
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11
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Brix JM, Andersen B, Aydinkoc-Tuzcu K, Beckerhinn P, Brossard-Eitzinger A, Cavini A, Ciardi C, Clodi M, Eichner M, Erlacher B, Fahrnberger M, Felsenreich DM, Francesconi C, Göbel B, Hölbing E, Hoppichler F, Huber J, Huber SL, Itariu BK, Jandrasitz B, Kiefer FW, Köhler G, Kruschitz R, Ludvik B, Malzner A, Moosbrugger A, Öfferlbauer-Ernst A, Parzer V, Prager G, Resl M, Ress C, Schelkshorn C, Scherer T, Sourji H, Stechemesser L, Stulnig T, Toplak H, Wakolbinger M, Vonbank A, Weghuber D. [Overweight and obesity in adults: general principles of treatment and conservative management]. Wien Klin Wochenschr 2023; 135:706-720. [PMID: 37821694 PMCID: PMC10567802 DOI: 10.1007/s00508-023-02270-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
The prevalence of overweight and obesity is steadily increasing in Austria as well as internationally. Obesity in particular is associated with multiple health risks, comorbidities, functional disability, and social stigma. Obesity is an independent, complex, chronic disease and should be treated as such by a multidisciplinary team of appropriately qualified personnel. In addition to recent international guidelines, this consensus paper outlines the overall principles of the management of overweight and obesity and provides guidance for the diagnosis and conservative treatment, focusing on lifestyle modifications and pharmacotherapy. Using the "5A" framework of behavioral health intervention, guidelines for a structured, pragmatic, and patient-centered medical care of adults with overweight or obesity are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Maria Brix
- 1. Medizinische Abteilung mit Diabetologie, Endokrinologie und Nephrologie, Karl Landsteiner Institut für Adipositas und Stoffwechselerkrankungen, Klinik Landstraße, Wien, Österreich
| | | | - Kadriye Aydinkoc-Tuzcu
- 5. Medizinische Abteilung für Endokrinologie, Rheumatologie und Akutgeriatrie, Klinik Ottakring, Wien, Österreich
| | - Philipp Beckerhinn
- Abteilung für Chirurgie, Landesklinikum Hollabrunn, Hollabrunn, Österreich
| | - Agnes Brossard-Eitzinger
- Universitätsklinik für Innere Medizin I, mit Gastroenterologie Hepatologie, Nephrologie, Stoffwechsel und Diabetologie, Uniklinikum der Paracelsus Medizinischen Privatuniversität, Salzburg, Österreich
| | - Anna Cavini
- kokon – Reha für junge Menschen, Bad Erlach, Österreich
| | - Christian Ciardi
- Abteilung für Innere Medizin, Krankenhaus St. Vinzenz Zams, Zams, Österreich
| | - Martin Clodi
- ICMR – Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Johannes Kepler Universität Linz, Linz, Österreich
- Abteilung für Innere Medizin mit Diabetologie, Gastroenterologie und Hepatologie, Rheumatologie und Intensivmedizin, Konventhospital der Barmherzigen Brüder Linz, Linz, Österreich
| | - Marlies Eichner
- 3. Medizinische Abteilung mit Stoffwechselerkrankungen und Nephrologie, Karl Landsteiner-Institut für Stoffwechselerkrankungen und Nephrologie, Klinik Hietzing, Wien, Österreich
| | - Brigitte Erlacher
- Abteilung Innere Medizin III, Krankenhaus Barmherzige Schwestern, Wien, Österreich
| | | | - Daniel Moritz Felsenreich
- Klinische Abteilung für Viszeralchirurgie, Universitätsklinik für Allgemeinchirurgie, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
| | | | - Bettina Göbel
- 5. Medizinische Abteilung für Endokrinologie, Rheumatologie und Akutgeriatrie, Klinik Ottakring, Wien, Österreich
| | - Elisabeth Hölbing
- Landeskrankenhaus Hochsteiermark, Standort Leoben, Leoben, Österreich
| | - Friedrich Hoppichler
- Abteilung für Innere Medizin, Krankenhaus der Barmherzigen Brüder Salzburg, Salzburg, Österreich
- Institut SIPCAN – Initiative für ein gesundes Leben, Salzburg, Österreich
| | - Joakim Huber
- Interne Abteilung mit Akutgeriatrie und Palliativmedizin, Franziskus Spital, Standort Landstraße, Wien, Österreich
| | - Simone Leonora Huber
- 1. Medizinische Abteilung mit Diabetologie, Endokrinologie und Nephrologie, Karl Landsteiner Institut für Adipositas und Stoffwechselerkrankungen, Klinik Landstraße, Wien, Österreich
| | - Bianca Karla Itariu
- Klinische Abteilung für Endokrinologie und Stoffwechsel, Universitätsklinik für Innere Medizin III, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
| | - Birgit Jandrasitz
- 3. Medizinische Abteilung mit Stoffwechselerkrankungen und Nephrologie, Karl Landsteiner-Institut für Stoffwechselerkrankungen und Nephrologie, Klinik Hietzing, Wien, Österreich
| | - Florian W. Kiefer
- Klinische Abteilung für Endokrinologie und Stoffwechsel, Universitätsklinik für Innere Medizin III, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
| | - Gerd Köhler
- Rehabilitationszentrum Aflenz für Stoffwechselerkrankungen mit Schwerpunkt Diabetes mellitus und hochgradige Adipositas, Aflenz, Österreich
| | - Renate Kruschitz
- Abteilung für Innere Medizin, Krankenhaus der Elisabethinen Klagenfurt, Klagenfurt, Österreich
| | - Bernhard Ludvik
- 1. Medizinische Abteilung mit Diabetologie, Endokrinologie und Nephrologie, Karl Landsteiner Institut für Adipositas und Stoffwechselerkrankungen, Klinik Landstraße, Wien, Österreich
| | - Andrea Malzner
- Abteilung für Innere Medizin I, Klinikum Wels Grieskirchen, Standort Wels, Wels, Österreich
| | - Alexander Moosbrugger
- Abteilung für Innere Medizin II, Konventhospital der Barmherzigen Brüder Graz-Marschallgasse, Graz, Österreich
| | - Anna Öfferlbauer-Ernst
- Universitätsklinik für Innere Medizin I, mit Gastroenterologie Hepatologie, Nephrologie, Stoffwechsel und Diabetologie, Uniklinikum der Paracelsus Medizinischen Privatuniversität, Salzburg, Österreich
| | - Verena Parzer
- 1. Medizinische Abteilung mit Diabetologie, Endokrinologie und Nephrologie, Karl Landsteiner Institut für Adipositas und Stoffwechselerkrankungen, Klinik Landstraße, Wien, Österreich
| | - Gerhard Prager
- Klinische Abteilung für Viszeralchirurgie, Universitätsklinik für Allgemeinchirurgie, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
| | - Michael Resl
- ICMR – Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, Johannes Kepler Universität Linz, Linz, Österreich
- Abteilung für Innere Medizin mit Diabetologie, Gastroenterologie und Hepatologie, Rheumatologie und Intensivmedizin, Konventhospital der Barmherzigen Brüder Linz, Linz, Österreich
| | - Claudia Ress
- Department für Innere Medizin I, Medizinische Universität Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Österreich
| | | | - Thomas Scherer
- Klinische Abteilung für Endokrinologie und Stoffwechsel, Universitätsklinik für Innere Medizin III, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
| | - Harald Sourji
- Klinische Abteilung für Endokrinologie und Diabetologie, Medizinische Universität Graz, Graz, Österreich
| | - Lars Stechemesser
- Universitätsklinik für Innere Medizin I, mit Gastroenterologie Hepatologie, Nephrologie, Stoffwechsel und Diabetologie, Uniklinikum der Paracelsus Medizinischen Privatuniversität, Salzburg, Österreich
| | - Thomas Stulnig
- 3. Medizinische Abteilung mit Stoffwechselerkrankungen und Nephrologie, Karl Landsteiner-Institut für Stoffwechselerkrankungen und Nephrologie, Klinik Hietzing, Wien, Österreich
| | - Hermann Toplak
- Klinische Abteilung für Endokrinologie und Diabetologie, Medizinische Universität Graz, Graz, Österreich
| | - Maria Wakolbinger
- Abteilung für Sozial- und Präventivmedizin, Zentrum für Public Health, Medizinische Universität Wien, Wien, Österreich
| | - Alexander Vonbank
- Abteilung für Innere Medizin I, Akademisches Lehrkrankenhaus Feldkirch, Feldkirch, Österreich
| | - Daniel Weghuber
- Universitätsklinik für Kinder- und Jugendheilkunde, Uniklinikum der Paracelsus Medizinischen Privatuniversität, Salzburg, Österreich
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12
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Oppert JM, Ciangura C, Bellicha A. Physical activity and exercise for weight loss and maintenance in people living with obesity. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2023; 24:937-949. [PMID: 37142892 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-023-09805-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Physical activity and exercise training programs are integral part of a comprehensive obesity management approach. In persons with overweight or obesity, exercise training, specifically aerobic (i.e. endurance) training, is associated with significant additional weight loss compared to the absence of training. However the magnitude of effect remains modest amounting to only 2-3 kg additional weight loss on average. Comparable effects have been observed for total fat loss. Exercise training, specifically aerobic training, is also associated with decreased abdominal visceral fat as assessed by imaging techniques, which is likely to benefit cardiometabolic health in persons with obesity. Based on data from controlled trials with randomization after prior weight loss, the evidence for weight maintenance with exercise training is as yet not conclusive, although retrospective analyses point to the value of relatively high-volume exercise in this regard. Resistance (i.e. muscle-strengthening) training is specifically advised for lean mass preservation during weight loss. Given the relatively limited effect of exercise training on weight loss as such, the changes in physical fitness brought about by exercise training cannot be overlooked as they provide major health benefits to persons with obesity. Aerobic, as well as combined aerobic and resistance training, increase cardiorespiratory fitness (VO2max) while resistance training, but not aerobic training, improves muscle strength even in the absence of a significant change in muscle mass. Regarding the overall management strategy, adherence in the long term to new lifestyle habits remains a challenging issue to be addressed by further research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jean-Michel Oppert
- Department of Nutrition, Pitié-Salpetrière Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Sorbonne University, Paris, 75013, France.
- Center of Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Université Sorbonne Paris Nord and Université Paris Cité, INSERM, INRAE, CNAM, Bobigny, F-93017, France.
- Department of Nutrition, Pitié-Salpêtrière hospital, 47-83 boulevard de l'Hôpital, Paris, 75013, France.
| | - Cécile Ciangura
- Department of Nutrition, Pitié-Salpetrière Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Sorbonne University, Paris, 75013, France
- Department of Diabetology, Pitié-Salpetrière Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Sorbonne University, Paris, 75013, France
| | - Alice Bellicha
- Center of Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Nutritional Epidemiology Research Team (EREN), Université Sorbonne Paris Nord and Université Paris Cité, INSERM, INRAE, CNAM, Bobigny, F-93017, France
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13
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Wirnitzer KC, Motevalli M, Cocca A, Tanous DR, Wirnitzer G, Wagner KH, Schätzer M, Drenowatz C, Ruedl G, Kirschner W. Health behavior of Austrian tertiary students focusing on diet type linked to sports and exercise-first glimpse of results from the "sustainably healthy-from science 2 high school and university" study. Front Public Health 2023; 11:1129004. [PMID: 37533531 PMCID: PMC10392833 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1129004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background There is a strong association between lifestyle behavior and health status. While young adulthood is a critical period for adopting and stabilizing lifelong healthy behavior, university life is independently associated with psychological stressors that may further affect health and well-being. Objective The present multidisciplinary study aimed to examine the health behavior of Austrian college and university students, differentiated based on diet types (vegan, vegetarian, and omnivorous) and physical activity (PA) habits. Methods Following a cross-sectional study design, a total number of 6,148 students (65.3% females; 66.1% bachelor students, 67.0% from urban areas; mean age: 24.8 years) from 52 Austrian college/universities participated in an online survey and provided data on sociodemographic characteristics, dietary patterns, PA habits, and other lifestyle behavior characteristics, including alcohol intake and smoking. Results Across the total sample, 74.0% had a normal weight (BMI = 18.5-25.0 kg/m2), while the prevalence of overweight/obesity (BMI ≥ 30.0 kg/m2) was lower in females than males and more in rural than urban students (p < 0.01). The general prevalence of vegetarian and vegan diets was 22.8 and 6.0%, respectively, with a predominance of females, graduates, and urban students compared to their peers (p < 0.01). The majority of students (79.3%) had a regular engagement in sport/exercise, with a predominance of vegetarian or vegan students compared to omnivores (p < 0.01). Vegans and vegetarians had a lower alcohol intake (p < 0.01) but no differences in smoking habits (p > 0.05) compared to omnivores. Students engaging in sport/exercise had a lower smoking rate and higher intake of fruits, vegetables, and fluids compared to inactive students (p < 0.01). Conclusion The present findings suggest that diet type and PA habits of college/university students have an impact on other health behaviors, highlighting the interconnected nature of lifestyle habits and health behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina C. Wirnitzer
- Department of Research and Development in Teacher Education, University College of Teacher Education Tyrol, Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
- Research Center Medical Humanities, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Mohamad Motevalli
- Department of Research and Development in Teacher Education, University College of Teacher Education Tyrol, Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Armando Cocca
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Derrick R. Tanous
- Department of Research and Development in Teacher Education, University College of Teacher Education Tyrol, Innsbruck, Austria
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | - Karl-Heinz Wagner
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Research Platform Active Ageing, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Manuel Schätzer
- Special Institute for Preventive Cardiology and Nutrition (SIPCAN), Elsbethen, Austria
| | - Clemens Drenowatz
- Division of Sport, Physical Activity and Health, University of Teacher Education Upper Austria, Linz, Austria
| | - Gerhard Ruedl
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Werner Kirschner
- Department of Sport Science, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
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14
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De Wilde C, Bekhuis Y, Kuznetsova T, Claes J, Claessen G, Coninx K, Decorte E, De Smedt D, Hansen D, Lannoo M, Van Craenenbroeck EM, Verhaeghe N, Cornelissen VA. Personalized remotely guided preventive exercise therapy for a healthy heart (PRIORITY): protocol for an assessor-blinded, multicenter randomized controlled trial. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1194693. [PMID: 37456813 PMCID: PMC10339344 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1194693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Aims A key treatment for patients with varying stages of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) is exercise. Yet, despite a Class 1A recommendation, only one-third of patients exercise sufficiently. A huge treatment gap exists between guidelines and clinical practice. PRIORITY aims to establish the feasibility, clinical effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of a hybrid centre and home-based personalized exercise and physical activity intervention for patients along the HFpEF continuum. Methods An assessor-blinded, multicenter randomized controlled trial will be conducted among 312 patients along the HFpEF continuum. Participants will be randomized (1:1) to the PRIORITY intervention or a comparator group receiving only a written exercise prescription. Participants in the PRIORITY group will receive 18 supervised centre-based exercise sessions during one year, supplemented with a remotely guided home-based physical activity program. Outcomes will be assessed at baseline, 4 months, one and two years. The primary outcome is the peak oxygen uptake (pVO2) at 1-year. Secondary outcomes include physical activity, other physical fitness parameters, cardiovascular health, echocardiographic parameters, health-related quality of life and costs at 1-year FU. Machine learning algorithms will analyse big data on physical activity collected during the 1-year intervention to develop models that can predict physical activity uptake and adherence as well as changes in fitness and health. A cost-utility analysis will be performed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of the PRIORITY intervention compared to the control condition. Discussion We anticipate that participants in the supervised home-based exercise intervention group will have a greater increase in pVO2 compared to those receiving a written exercise prescription. Trial registration number This trial is registered at ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04745013) and is currently in the recruitment stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille De Wilde
- Research Group of Rehabilitation of Internal Disorders, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Movement and Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Youri Bekhuis
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- REVAL—Rehabilitation Research Centre, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Tatiana Kuznetsova
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jomme Claes
- Research Group of Rehabilitation of Internal Disorders, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Movement and Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Guido Claessen
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
- Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Karin Coninx
- HCI And eHealth, Faculty of Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Elise Decorte
- Research Group of Rehabilitation of Internal Disorders, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Movement and Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Delphine De Smedt
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Interuniversity Centre for Health Economics Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Dominique Hansen
- REVAL—Rehabilitation Research Centre, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Matthias Lannoo
- Nutrition & Obesity Unit, Clinical and Experimental Endocrinology, Department of Chronic Diseases, Metabolism and Aging, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Emeline M. Van Craenenbroeck
- Department of Cardiology, Antwerp University Hospital, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Nick Verhaeghe
- Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Interuniversity Centre for Health Economics Research, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium
- Department of Public Health, Interuniversity Centre for Health Economics Research, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Véronique A. Cornelissen
- Research Group of Rehabilitation of Internal Disorders, Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Movement and Rehabilitation Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium
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15
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Jaramillo-Osorno AF, Giraldo-García JC. Impacto de los diferentes tipos de entrenamiento físico sobre la composición corporal en mujeres adultas con obesidad: una revisión bibliográfica. Rev politec 2023. [DOI: 10.33571/rpolitec.v19n37a10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Introducción: La obesidad sigue siendo uno de los problemas más grandes de salud pública en todo el mundo. Se conoce que está asociada con una gran variedad de enfermedades; en mujeres obesas, aún se desconoce la forma idónea para realizar una adecuada prescripción física. Objetivo: revisar los tipos de entrenamientos físicos de ensayos controlados aleatorizados publicados en la base de datos PubMed entre los años 2015 a 2022 sobre los cambios en la composición corporal en mujeres adultas de 18 a 65 años con obesidad. Metodología: se utilizó a modo de filtro la “Herramienta de Evaluación de Calidad Validada para Estudios Cuantitativos”. Resultados: la búsqueda arrojó 586 artículos, de los cuales el 93.85% fueron eliminados; 6.14% pasaron por un filtro que dejó un total de 1.7%. Conclusión: en mujeres adultas con obesidad, se ha demostrado que todos los tipos de entrenamiento físico sirven para generar cambios en la composición corporal.
Introduction: Obesity continues to be one of the biggest public health problems worldwide. It is known to be associated with a wide variety of diseases; in obese women, the ideal way to carry out an adequate physical prescription is still unknown. Objective: to review the types of physical training in randomized controlled trials published in the PubMed database between 2015 and 2022 on changes in body composition in adult women aged 18 to 65 with obesity. Methodology: the "Validated Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies" was used as a filter. Outcomes: the search yielded 586 articles, of which 93.85% were eliminated; 6.14% went through a filter that left a total of 1.7%. Conclusion: in adult women with obesity, it has been shown that all types of physical training serve to generate changes in body composition.
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Batrakoulis A, Jamurtas AZ, Tsimeas P, Poulios A, Perivoliotis K, Syrou N, Papanikolaou K, Draganidis D, Deli CK, Metsios GS, Angelopoulos TJ, Feito Y, Fatouros IG. Hybrid-type, multicomponent interval training upregulates musculoskeletal fitness of adults with overweight and obesity in a volume-dependent manner: A 1-year dose-response randomised controlled trial. Eur J Sport Sci 2023; 23:432-443. [PMID: 34974824 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2021.2025434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the dose-response effects of a 1-year hybrid-type, multicomponent interval training programme (DoIT) on various musculoskeletal fitness parameters in inactive overweight and obese adults in a gym setting. Ninety-seven middle-aged (44.8 ± 5.2 years) individuals with overweight/obesity (31.2 ± 5.7 kg/m2) (66% female) were randomly assigned to the following groups: (i) no-intervention control (CON, n = 29), (ii) DoIT performed once weekly (DoIT-1, n = 24), (iii) DoIT performed twice weekly (DoIT-2, n = 23) and (iv) DoIT performed thrice weekly (DoIT-3, n = 21). DoIT was a time-efficient, intermittent-based, multicomponent exercise protocol using progressive loaded fundamental movement patterns with prescribed work-to-rest intervals (1:3-2:1) in a circuit format (2-3 rounds). Muscular strength, muscular endurance, flexibility, passive range of motion (PRoM), static balance and functional movement screen (FMS®) were assessed at baseline, 6 and 12 months following intervention. At post-training, all exercise groups exhibited superior changes than CON in (i) muscular strength (+13%-38%, p < 0.001); (ii) muscular endurance (+42%-159%, p < 0.001); (iii) flexibility (+12%-42%, p < 0.001); (iv) PRoM (+6%-50%, p = 0.001-0.026); (v) static balance (+61%-163%, p < 0.001); and (vi) FMS (+18%-39%, p < 0.001). Although a single exercise session/week improved musculoskeletal fitness, changes demonstrated a step-wise improvement with two and three sessions/week suggesting a dose-dependent response. The response rate to training was 100% for all exercise groups. These findings suggest that a multicomponent exercise approach incorporating bodyweight drills and resistance-based alternative modes performed under real-world conditions may improve several musculoskeletal fitness indicators in a dose-dependent manner in inactive, middle-aged adults with overweight/obesity.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03759951.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexios Batrakoulis
- University of Thessaly, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Trikala, Greece
| | - Athanasios Z Jamurtas
- University of Thessaly, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Trikala, Greece
| | - Panagiotis Tsimeas
- University of Thessaly, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Trikala, Greece
| | - Athanasios Poulios
- University of Thessaly, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Trikala, Greece
| | | | - Niki Syrou
- University of Thessaly, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Trikala, Greece
| | | | - Dimitrios Draganidis
- University of Thessaly, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Trikala, Greece
| | - Charikleia K Deli
- University of Thessaly, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Trikala, Greece
| | - Georgios S Metsios
- University of Thessaly, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Trikala, Greece
| | - Theodore J Angelopoulos
- University of Vermont, Department of Rehabilitation and Movement Science, Burlington, VT, USA
| | - Yuri Feito
- American College of Sports Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA
| | - Ioannis G Fatouros
- University of Thessaly, Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Trikala, Greece
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Murlasits Z, Kupai K, Kneffel Z. Role of physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness in metabolically healthy obesity: a narrative review. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2022; 8:e001458. [PMID: 36484059 PMCID: PMC9723844 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2022-001458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity has been associated with a multitude of metabolic disorders, often clustering with risk factors of cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, dyslipidaemia. Overall, obesity is a worldwide, growing health concern. However, a subgroup of obese individuals with a low burden of metabolic abnormalities have been identified and described as metabolically healthy obese (MHO). Whether the MHO phenotype is protective against obesity-related metabolic disorders in the long-term is presently unclear, and current research examining the potential transition has yielded inconsistent results. In this current narrative review, we aim to provide insights on the role of physical activity (PA) and cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) in MHO. Lifestyle factors such as PA and CRF may influence the MHO phenotype. Limited studies have characterised energy expenditure and CRF in MHO and metabolically unhealthy obese. However, higher levels of PA, less sedentary behaviour and higher CRF have been observed in MHO individuals. Considering the multiple benefits of PA, it is high time to advocate this lifestyle change beyond its influence on energy balance in a weight loss programme to improve cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors irrespective of body weight and fat mass changes. Improved CRF via increased PA, especially exercise participation, while avoiding weight gain is not only a realistic goal, but should be the primary intervention for MHO populations to prevent the transition to an abnormal metabolic state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsolt Murlasits
- Institute of Sport Science and Physical Education, University of Pécs, Pecs, Hungary
| | - Krisztina Kupai
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Zsuzsanna Kneffel
- Department of Health Sciences and Sport Medicine, Hungarian University of Sports Science, Budapest, Hungary
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Reljic D, Eichhorn A, Herrmann HJ, Neurath MF, Zopf Y. Very Low-Volume, High-Intensity Interval Training Mitigates Negative Health Impacts of COVID-19 Pandemic-Induced Physical Inactivity. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2022; 19:12308. [PMID: 36231609 PMCID: PMC9565952 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Initially, we aimed to investigate the impact of a one-year worksite low-volume, high-intensity interval training (LOW-HIIT) on cardiometabolic health in 114 sedentary office workers. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak, LOW-HIIT was discontinued after 6 months and participants were followed up for 6 months to analyze physical activity/exercise behavior and outcome changes during lockdown. Health examinations, including cardiopulmonary exercise testing and the assessment of cardiometabolic markers were performed baseline (T-1), after 6 months (T-2, termination of worksite LOW-HIIT) and 12 months (T-3, follow-up). Cycle ergometer LOW-HIIT (5 × 1 min at 85-95% HRmax) was performed 2×/week. For follow-up analyses, participants were classified into three groups: HIIT-group (continued home-based LOW-HIIT), EX-group (continued other home-based exercises), and NO-EX-group (discontinued LOW-HIIT/exercise). At T-2, VO2max (+1.5 mL/kg/min, p = 0.002), mean arterial blood pressure (MAB, -4 mmHg, p < 0.001), HbA1c (-0.2%, p = 0.005) and self-reported quality of life (QoL, +5 points, p < 0.001) were improved. At T-3, HIIT-group maintained VO2max and QoL and further improved MAB. EX-group maintained MAB and QoL but experienced a VO2max decrease. In NON-EX, VO2max, MAB and QoL deteriorated. We conclude that LOW-HIIT can be considered a promising option to improve cardiometabolic health in real-life conditions and to mitigate physical inactivity-related negative health impacts during lockdowns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dejan Reljic
- Hector-Center for Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- German Center Immunotherapy (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Annalena Eichhorn
- Hector-Center for Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Hans J. Herrmann
- Hector-Center for Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- German Center Immunotherapy (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Markus F. Neurath
- German Center Immunotherapy (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Yurdagül Zopf
- Hector-Center for Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Department of Medicine 1, University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- German Center Immunotherapy (DZI), University Hospital Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
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Cocca A, Niedermeier M, Prünster V, Wirnitzer K, Drenowatz C, Greier K, Labek K, Ruedl G. Self-Rated Health Status of Upper Secondary School Pupils and Its Associations with Multiple Health-Related Factors. IJERPH 2022; 19:6947. [PMID: 35682529 PMCID: PMC9180056 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19116947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 05/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Health is an essential part of any individual, and gains particular importance in youth, as a good health at this age is more likely to reduce health risks both in the short and long term. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of physical and contextual parameters on youths’ perceived health. A total of 919 adolescents completed questionnaires on self-rated health status, electronic media use, leisure time and club physical activity, alcohol and tobacco consumption, and back pain, as well as performed the German Motor Performance Test. Participants with very good health had significantly higher physical fitness, leisure time exercise, and participated in sports clubs more often than those with poorer health. Electronic media use was significantly higher for those with poor/very poor health. Future intervention programs to improve youth health status should not only focus on active lifestyle but might also consider the impact of socioenvironmental factors, such as daily media use.
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Liu Y, Li Y, Cheng B, Feng S, Zhu X, Chen W, Zhang H. Comparison of visceral fat lipolysis adaptation to high-intensity interval training in obesity-prone and obesity-resistant rats. Diabetol Metab Syndr 2022; 14:62. [PMID: 35501906 PMCID: PMC9063201 DOI: 10.1186/s13098-022-00834-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Visceral obesity is one of the key features of metabolic syndrome. High-intensity interval training (HIIT) could effectively reduce visceral fat, but its effects show strong heterogeneity in populations with different degrees of obesity. The mechanism may be related to the differential adaptation to training between obesity phenotypes, namely obesity prone (OP) and obesity resistant (OR). The aim of the present study was to compare adaptive changes of visceral adipose lipolysis adaptation to HIIT between OP and OR animals and further explore the upstream pathway. METHODS OP and OR Sprague Dawley rats were established after feeding a high-fat diet for 6 weeks; they were then divided into HIIT (H-OP and H-OR) and control (C-OP and C-OR) groups. After 12 weeks of HIIT or a sedentary lifestyle, animals were fasted for 12 h and then sacrificed for histology as well as gene and protein analysis. Visceral adipocytes were isolated without fasting for catecholamine stimulation and β3-adrenergic receptor (β3-AR) blockade in vitro to evaluate the role of upstream pathways. RESULTS After training, there were no differences in weight loss or food intake between OP and OR rats (P > 0.05). However, the visceral fat mass, adipocyte volume, serum triglycerides and liver lipids of OP rats decreased by more than those of OR rats (P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the cell lipolytic capacity and the increase in the expression of β3-AR were higher in the OP compared with OR groups (P < 0.05). Although training did not increase sympathetic nervous system activity (P > 0.05), the cell sensitivity to catecholamine increased significantly in the OP compared with OR groups (P < 0.05). Following blocking β3-AR, the increased sensitivity disappeared. CONCLUSION With HIIT, OP rats lost more visceral fat than OR rats, which was related to stronger adaptive changes in lipolysis. Increased β3-AR expression mediated this adaptation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Physical Education College, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Measurement and Evaluation in Human Movement and Bio-Information, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Yu Li
- Physical Education College, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Baishuo Cheng
- Physical Education College, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Shige Feng
- Physical Education College, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Xiangui Zhu
- Physical Education College, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Physical Education College, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Measurement and Evaluation in Human Movement and Bio-Information, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
| | - Haifeng Zhang
- Physical Education College, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
- Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory of Measurement and Evaluation in Human Movement and Bio-Information, Hebei Normal University, Shijiazhuang, China
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21
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Papakonstantinou E, Oikonomou C, Nychas G, Dimitriadis GD. Effects of Diet, Lifestyle, Chrononutrition and Alternative Dietary Interventions on Postprandial Glycemia and Insulin Resistance. Nutrients 2022; 14:823. [PMID: 35215472 DOI: 10.3390/nu14040823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2021] [Revised: 01/18/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
As years progress, we are found more often in a postprandial than a postabsorptive state. Chrononutrition is an integral part of metabolism, pancreatic function, and hormone secretion. Eating most calories and carbohydrates at lunch time and early afternoon, avoiding late evening dinner, and keeping consistent number of daily meals and relative times of eating occasions seem to play a pivotal role for postprandial glycemia and insulin sensitivity. Sequence of meals and nutrients also play a significant role, as foods of low density such as vegetables, salads, or soups consumed first, followed by protein and then by starchy foods lead to ameliorated glycemic and insulin responses. There are several dietary schemes available, such as intermittent fasting regimes, which may improve glycemic and insulin responses. Weight loss is important for the treatment of insulin resistance, and it can be achieved by many approaches, such as low-fat, low-carbohydrate, Mediterranean-style diets, etc. Lifestyle interventions with small weight loss (7–10%), 150 min of weekly moderate intensity exercise and behavioral therapy approach can be highly effective in preventing and treating type 2 diabetes. Similarly, decreasing carbohydrates in meals also improves significantly glycemic and insulin responses, but the extent of this reduction should be individualized, patient-centered, and monitored. Alternative foods or ingredients, such as vinegar, yogurt, whey protein, peanuts and tree nuts should also be considered in ameliorating postprandial hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. This review aims to describe the available evidence about the effects of diet, chrononutrition, alternative dietary interventions and exercise on postprandial glycemia and insulin resistance.
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Bellicha A, van Baak MA, Battista F, Beaulieu K, Blundell JE, Busetto L, Carraça EV, Dicker D, Encantado J, Ermolao A, Farpour-Lambert N, Pramono A, Woodward E, Oppert JM. Effect of exercise training before and after bariatric surgery: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Obes Rev 2021; 22 Suppl 4:e13296. [PMID: 34080281 PMCID: PMC8365633 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
We aimed to assess the effectiveness of exercise training programs in adults with severe obesity undergoing bariatric surgery. A systematic search of controlled trials published up to October 2019 that assigned participants to either a preoperative or postoperative exercise training group or a nonexercise group was performed. Meta-analyses were conducted using random-effects models. Twenty-two training programs were assessed (18 performed after bariatric surgery). The effect of preoperative exercise training on postsurgery outcomes was reported in only one study. Compared with the control condition without exercise, postoperative exercise training led to higher weight loss (N = 14, mean difference [95% CI] = -1.8 [-3.2; -0.4] kg, P = 0.01), fat loss (N = 9, P = 0.01), increase in VO2 max (N = 8, P < 0.0001), and increase in muscle strength (N = 9, P < 0.0001). No significant effect was found on lean body mass (N = 11). Preliminary evidence suggests a beneficial effect of postoperative exercise training on bone mineral density (N = 3, P < 0.001) and weight maintenance after the end of the intervention (N = 2, P < 0.001) but no significant effect on quality of life (N = 2), habitual physical activity (N = 2), or cardiometabolic outcomes (N < 4). In conclusion, exercise training performed after bariatric surgery improves physical fitness and leads to a small additional weight and fat loss and may prevent bone loss and weight regain after bariatric surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Bellicha
- INSERM, Nutrition and Obesities: Systemic Approaches, NutriOmics, Sorbonne University, Paris, France.,UFR SESS-STAPS, University Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Marleen A van Baak
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Francesca Battista
- Sport and Exercise Medicine Division, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Kristine Beaulieu
- Appetite Control and Energy Balance Group (ACEB), School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - John E Blundell
- Appetite Control and Energy Balance Group (ACEB), School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Luca Busetto
- Obesity Management Task Force (OMTF), European Association for the Study of obesity (EASO), London, UK.,Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Eliana V Carraça
- CIDEFES, Faculdade de Educação Física e Desport, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Dror Dicker
- Obesity Management Task Force (OMTF), European Association for the Study of obesity (EASO), London, UK.,Department of Internal Medicine, Hasharon Hospital, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Jorge Encantado
- APPsyCI - Applied Psychology Research Center Capabilities & Inclusion, ISPA - University Institute, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Andrea Ermolao
- Sport and Exercise Medicine Division, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Nathalie Farpour-Lambert
- Obesity Management Task Force (OMTF), European Association for the Study of obesity (EASO), London, UK.,Obesity Prevention and Care Program Contrepoids, Service of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Nutrition and Patient Education, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Adriyan Pramono
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Euan Woodward
- Obesity Management Task Force (OMTF), European Association for the Study of obesity (EASO), London, UK
| | - Jean-Michel Oppert
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Nutrition, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
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van Baak MA, Pramono A, Battista F, Beaulieu K, Blundell JE, Busetto L, Carraça EV, Dicker D, Encantado J, Ermolao A, Farpour-Lambert N, Woodward E, Bellicha A, Oppert JM. Effect of different types of regular exercise on physical fitness in adults with overweight or obesity: Systematic review and meta-analyses. Obes Rev 2021; 22 Suppl 4:e13239. [PMID: 33939229 PMCID: PMC8365680 DOI: 10.1111/obr.13239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This systematic review examined the effect of exercise training interventions on physical fitness in adults with overweight or obesity and compared the effectiveness of different types of exercise training. Four electronic databases were searched. Articles were included if they described randomized controlled trials of exercise training interventions and their effect on maximal oxygen consumption or muscle strength in adults with overweight or obesity. Changes in outcome parameters were analyzed using random effects meta-analyses for different training types (aerobic, resistance, combined aerobic plus resistance, and high-intensity interval training). Eighty-eight articles satisfied the inclusion criteria of which 66 (3964 participants) could be included in the meta-analyses. All training types increased VO2max (mean difference 3.82 ml/min/kg (95% CI 3.17, 4.48), P < 0.00001; I2 = 48%). In direct comparisons, resistance training was less effective in improving VO2max than aerobic training, HIIT was slightly more effective than aerobic training, and no difference between aerobic and combined aerobic plus resistance training was found. For muscle strength benefits, incorporation of resistance exercise in the training program is indicated. Exercise training increases VO2max and muscle strength in adults with overweight or obesity. Differences between training types should be weighed with other needs and preferences when health professionals advise on exercise training to improve physical fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marleen A van Baak
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Adriyan Pramono
- NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre+, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Francesca Battista
- Sport and Exercise Medicine Division, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Kristine Beaulieu
- Appetite Control and Energy Balance Group (ACEB), School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - John E Blundell
- Appetite Control and Energy Balance Group (ACEB), School of Psychology, Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | - Luca Busetto
- Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.,European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO), Obesity Management Task Force (OMTF), London, UK
| | - Eliana V Carraça
- Faculdade de Educação Física e Desporto, CIDEFES, Universidade Lusófona de Humanidades e Tecnologias, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Dror Dicker
- European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO), Obesity Management Task Force (OMTF), London, UK.,Department of Internal Medicine, Hasharon Hospital, Rabin Medical Center, Sackler School of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Jorge Encantado
- APPsyCI - Applied Psychology Research Center Capabilities & Inclusion, ISPA - University Institute, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Andrea Ermolao
- Sport and Exercise Medicine Division, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy
| | - Nathalie Farpour-Lambert
- European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO), Obesity Management Task Force (OMTF), London, UK.,Obesity Prevention and Care Program Contrepoids. Service of Endocrinology, Diabetology, Nutrition and Patient Education, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospitals of Geneva and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Euan Woodward
- European Association for the Study of Obesity (EASO), Obesity Management Task Force (OMTF), London, UK
| | - Alice Bellicha
- Nutrition and Obesities: Systemic Approaches, NutriOmics, Sorbonne University, INSERM, Paris, France.,University Paris-Est Créteil, UFR SESS-STAPS, Créteil, France
| | - Jean-Michel Oppert
- Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, Department of Nutrition, Institute of Cardiometabolism and Nutrition, Sorbonne University, Paris, France
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