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Chen JS, Wang ST, Mei Q, Sun T, Hu JT, Xiao GS, Chen H, Xuan YH. The role of CBL-CIPK signaling in plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses. Plant Mol Biol 2024; 114:53. [PMID: 38714550 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-024-01417-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 05/10/2024]
Abstract
Plants have a variety of regulatory mechanisms to perceive, transduce, and respond to biotic and abiotic stress. One such mechanism is the calcium-sensing CBL-CIPK system responsible for the sensing of specific stressors, such as drought or pathogens. CBLs perceive and bind Calcium (Ca2+) in response to stress and then interact with CIPKs to form an activated complex. This leads to the phosphorylation of downstream targets, including transporters and ion channels, and modulates transcription factor levels and the consequent levels of stress-associated genes. This review describes the mechanisms underlying the response of the CBL-CIPK pathway to biotic and abiotic stresses, including regulating ion transport channels, coordinating plant hormone signal transduction, and pathways related to ROS signaling. Investigation of the function of the CBL-CIPK pathway is important for understanding plant stress tolerance and provides a promising avenue for molecular breeding.
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Affiliation(s)
- J S Chen
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou, 404100, China
| | - S T Wang
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - Q Mei
- College of Plant Protection, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, China
| | - T Sun
- Chongqing Customs Technology Center, Chongqing, 400020, China
| | - J T Hu
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou, 404100, China
| | - G S Xiao
- College of Biology and Food Engineering, Chongqing Three Gorges University, Wanzhou, 404100, China.
| | - H Chen
- College of Life Science, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China.
| | - Y H Xuan
- State Key Laboratory of Elemento-Organic Chemistry and Department of Plant Protection, National Pesticide Engineering Research Center (Tianjin), Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, China.
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2
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Li S, Wei L, Gao Q, Xu M, Wang Y, Lin Z, Holford P, Chen ZH, Zhang L. Molecular and phylogenetic evidence of parallel expansion of anion channels in plants. Plant Physiol 2024; 194:2533-2548. [PMID: 38142233 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2023] [Revised: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/25/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum-activated malate transporters (ALMTs) and slow anion channels (SLACs) are important in various physiological processes in plants, including stomatal regulation, nutrient uptake, and in response to abiotic stress such as aluminum toxicity. To understand their evolutionary history and functional divergence, we conducted phylogenetic and expression analyses of ALMTs and SLACs in green plants. Our findings from phylogenetic studies indicate that ALMTs and SLACs may have originated from green algae and red algae, respectively. The ALMTs of early land plants and charophytes formed a monophyletic clade consisting of three subgroups. A single duplication event of ALMTs was identified in vascular plants and subsequent duplications into six clades occurred in angiosperms, including an identified clade, 1-1. The ALMTs experienced gene number losses in clades 1-1 and 2-1 and expansions in clades 1-2 and 2-2b. Interestingly, the expansion of clade 1-2 was also associated with higher expression levels compared to genes in clades that experienced apparent loss. SLACs first diversified in bryophytes, followed by duplication in vascular plants, giving rise to three distinct clades (I, II, and III), and clade II potentially associated with stomatal control in seed plants. SLACs show losses in clades II and III without substantial expansion in clade I. Additionally, ALMT clade 2-2 and SLAC clade III contain genes specifically expressed in reproductive organs and roots in angiosperms, lycophytes, and mosses, indicating neofunctionalization. In summary, our study demonstrates the evolutionary complexity of ALMTs and SLACs, highlighting their crucial role in the adaptation and diversification of vascular plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Li
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya 572025, China
| | - Lanlan Wei
- College of Life Science, Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Yizhou Wang
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Zhenguo Lin
- Department of Biology, Saint Louis University, St.Louis, MO 63104, USA
| | - Paul Holford
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Zhong-Hua Chen
- School of Science, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
- Hawkesbury Institute for the Environment, Western Sydney University, Penrith, NSW 2751, Australia
| | - Liangsheng Zhang
- Department of Horticulture, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Sanya 572025, China
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3
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Liu F, Liu Q, Wu JH, Wang ZQ, Geng YJ, Li J, Zhang Y, Li S. Arabidopsis calcineurin B-like-interacting protein kinase 8 and its functional homolog in tomato negatively regulates ABA-mediated stomatal movement and drought tolerance. Plant Cell Environ 2024. [PMID: 38516697 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2023] [Revised: 03/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Stomatal movement is critical for water transpiration, gas exchange, and responses to biotic stresses. Abscisic acid (ABA) induces stomatal closure to prevent water loss during drought. We report that Arabidopsis CIPK8 negatively regulates ABA-mediated stomatal closure and drought tolerance. CIPK8 is highly enriched in guard cells and transcriptionally induced by ABA. Functional loss of CIPK8 results in hypersensitive stomatal closure to ABA and enhanced drought tolerance. Guard cell-specific downregulation of CIPK8 mimics the phenotype of cipk8 whereas guard cell-specific expression of a constitutive active CIPK8 (CIPK8CA) has an opposite effect, suggesting a cell autonomous activity of CIPK8. CIPK8 physically interacts with CBL1 and CBL9. Functional loss of CBL1 and CBL9 mimics ABA-hypersensitive stomatal closure of cipk8 whereas abolishes the effect of CIPK8CA, indicating that CIPK8 and CBL1/CBL9 form a genetic module in ABA-responsive stomatal movement. SlCIPK7, the functional homolog of CIPK8 in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum), plays a similar role in ABA-responsive stomatal movement. Genomic editing of SlCIPK7 results in more drought-tolerant tomato, making it a good candidate for germplasm improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Liu
- Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Qi Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Ju-Hua Wu
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Zong-Qi Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Yuan-Jun Geng
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Juan Li
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, College of Life Sciences, Nankai University, Tianjin, China
| | - Sha Li
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai'an, Shandong, China
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4
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Nguyen TH, Blatt MR. Surrounded by luxury: The necessities of subsidiary cells. Plant Cell Environ 2024. [PMID: 38436128 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2023] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
The evolution of stomata marks one of the key advances that enabled plants to colonise dry land while allowing gas exchange for photosynthesis. In large measure, stomata retain a common design across species that incorporates paired guard cells with little variation in structure. By contrast, the cells of the stomatal complex immediately surrounding the guard cells vary widely in shape, size and count. Their origins in development are similarly diverse. Thus, the surrounding cells are likely a luxury that the necessity of stomatal control cannot do without (with apologies to Oscar Wilde). Surrounding cells are thought to support stomatal movements as solute reservoirs and to shape stomatal kinetics through backpressure on the guard cells. Their variety may also reflect a substantial diversity in function. Certainly modelling, kinetic analysis and the few electrophysiological studies to date give hints of much more complex contributions in stomatal physiology. Even so, our knowledge of the cells surrounding the guard cells in the stomatal complex is far from complete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanh-Hao Nguyen
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, School of Molecular Biosciences, Bower Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Michael R Blatt
- Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biophysics, School of Molecular Biosciences, Bower Building, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
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5
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Lee Y, Jeong HS, Jung S, Hwang J, Le CTH, Jun SH, Du EJ, Kang K, Kim BG, Lim HH, Lee S. Cryo-EM structures of the plant anion channel SLAC1 from Arabidopsis thaliana suggest a combined activation model. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7345. [PMID: 37963863 PMCID: PMC10645844 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43193-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/16/2023] Open
Abstract
The anion channel SLAC1 functions as a crucial effector in the ABA signaling, leading to stomata closure. SLAC1 is activated by phosphorylation in its intracellular domains. Both a binding-activation model and an inhibition-release model for activation have been proposed based on only the closed structures of SLAC1, rendering the structure-based activation mechanism controversial. Here we report cryo-EM structures of Arabidopsis SLAC1 WT and its phosphomimetic mutants in open and closed states. Comparison of the open structure with the closed ones reveals the structural basis for opening of the conductance pore. Multiple phosphorylation of an intracellular domain (ICD) causes dissociation of ICD from the transmembrane domain. A conserved, positively-charged sequence motif in the intracellular loop 2 (ICL2) seems to be capable of sensing of the negatively charged phosphorylated ICD. Interactions between ICL2 and ICD drive drastic conformational changes, thereby widening the pore. From our results we propose that SLAC1 operates by a mechanism combining the binding-activation and inhibition-release models.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeongmok Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeon Seong Jeong
- Neurovascular Unit Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, 41068, Republic of Korea
- Department of Brain Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Seoyeon Jung
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Junmo Hwang
- Neurovascular Unit Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, 41068, Republic of Korea
| | - Chi Truc Han Le
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung-Hoon Jun
- Electron Microscopy Research Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, Cheongju, 28119, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Jo Du
- Neurovascular Unit Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, 41068, Republic of Korea
| | - KyeongJin Kang
- Neurovascular Unit Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, 41068, Republic of Korea
| | - Beom-Gi Kim
- Metabolic Engineering Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, 54874, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-Ho Lim
- Neurovascular Unit Research Group, Korea Brain Research Institute, Daegu, 41068, Republic of Korea
- Department of Brain Sciences, Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science & Technology (DGIST), Daegu, 42988, Republic of Korea
| | - Sangho Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, 16419, Republic of Korea.
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Wu Y, Luo Q, Wu Z, Yu J, Zhang Q, Shi F, Zou Y, Li L, Zhao H, Wang Y, Chen M, Chang J, He G, Yang G, Li Y. A straight-forward gene mining strategy to identify TaCIPK19 as a new regulator of drought tolerance in wheat. Plant Physiol Biochem 2023; 203:108034. [PMID: 37738865 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2023.108034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress is one of the most impactful abiotic stresses to global wheat production. Therefore, identifying key regulators such as the calcineurin B-like protein interacting protein kinase (CIPK) in the signaling cascades known to coordinate developmental cues and environmental stimuli represents a useful approach to improve drought tolerance. However, functional studies have been very limited partly due to the difficulties in prioritizing candidate genes from the large TaCIPK family. To address this issue, we demonstrate a straight-forward strategy by analyzing gene expression patterns in response to phytohormones or stresses and identified TaCIPK19 as a new regulator to improve drought tolerance. The effects of TaCIPK19 on drought tolerance were evaluated in both tobacco and wheat through transgenic approach. Ectopic expression of TaCIPK19 in tobacco greatly improves drought tolerance with enhanced ABA biosynthesis/signaling and ROS scavenging capacity. TaCIPK19 overexpression in wheat also confers the drought tolerance at both seedling and mature stages with enhanced ROS scavenging capacity. Additionally, potential CBL partners interacting with TaCIPK19 were investigated. Collectively, our finding exemplifies a straight-forward approach to facilitate reverse genetics related to abiotic stress improvement and demonstrates TaCIPK19 as a new candidate gene to improve ROS scavenging capacity and drought tolerance, which is useful for genetic improvement and breeding application in wheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya'nan Wu
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Qingchen Luo
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Purification and Application of Plant Anti-Cancer Active Ingredients, Department of Chemistry and Life Science, Hubei University of Education, Wuhan, 430205, China
| | - Zehao Wu
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jingbo Yu
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Fu Shi
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yuge Zou
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Li Li
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hongyan Zhao
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yuesheng Wang
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Mingjie Chen
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Junli Chang
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Guangyuan He
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Guangxiao Yang
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Yin Li
- The Genetic Engineering International Cooperation Base of Chinese Ministry of Science and Technology, The Key Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics of Chinese Ministry of Education, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430074, China.
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7
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You Z, Guo S, Li Q, Fang Y, Huang P, Ju C, Wang C. The CBL1/9-CIPK1 calcium sensor negatively regulates drought stress by phosphorylating the PYLs ABA receptor. Nat Commun 2023; 14:5886. [PMID: 37735173 PMCID: PMC10514306 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-41657-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The stress hormone, Abscisic acid (ABA), is crucial for plants to respond to changes in their environment. It triggers changes in cytoplasmic Ca2+ levels, which activate plant responses to external stresses. However, how Ca2+ sensing and signaling feeds back into ABA signaling is not well understood. Here we reveal a calcium sensing module that negatively regulates drought stress via modulating ABA receptor PYLs. Mutants cbl1/9 and cipk1 exhibit hypersensitivity to ABA and drought resilience. Furthermore, CIPK1 is shown to interact with and phosphorylate 7 of 14 ABA receptors at the evolutionarily conserved site corresponding to PYL4 Ser129, thereby suppressing their activities and promoting PP2C activities under normal conditions. Under drought stress, ABA impedes PYLs phosphorylation by CIPK1 to respond to ABA signaling and survive in unfavorable environment. These findings provide insights into a previously unknown negative regulatory mechanism of the ABA signaling pathway, which is mediated by CBL1/9-CIPK1-PYLs, resulting in plants that are more sensitive to drought stress. This discovery expands our knowledge about the interplay between Ca2+ signaling and ABA signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang You
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiyuan Guo
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiao Li
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjun Fang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Panpan Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanfeng Ju
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China
| | - Cun Wang
- National Key Laboratory of Crop Improvement for Stress Tolerance and Production, College of Life Sciences, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, People's Republic of China.
- Institute of Future Agriculture, Northwest Agriculture & Forestry University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China.
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8
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Jaślan J, Marten I, Jakobson L, Arjus T, Deeken R, Sarmiento C, De Angeli A, Brosché M, Kollist H, Hedrich R. ALMT-independent guard cell R-type anion currents. New Phytol 2023; 239:2225-2234. [PMID: 37434346 DOI: 10.1111/nph.19124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023]
Abstract
Plant transpiration is controlled by stomata, with S- and R-type anion channels playing key roles in guard cell action. Arabidopsis mutants lacking the ALMT12/QUAC1 R-type anion channel function in guard cells show only a partial reduction in R-type channel currents. The molecular nature of these remaining R-type anion currents is still unclear. To further elucidate this, patch clamp, transcript and gas-exchange measurements were performed with wild-type (WT) and different almt mutant plants. The R-type current fraction in the almt12 mutant exhibited the same voltage dependence, susceptibility to ATP block and lacked a chloride permeability as the WT. Therefore, we asked whether the R-type anion currents in the ALMT12/QUAC1-free mutant are caused by additional ALMT isoforms. In WT guard cells, ALMT12, ALMT13 and ALMT14 transcripts were detected, whereas only ALMT13 was found expressed in the almt12 mutant. Substantial R-type anion currents still remained active in the almt12/13 and almt12/14 double mutants as well as the almt12/13/14 triple mutant. In good agreement, CO2 -triggered stomatal closure required the activity of ALMT12 but not ALMT13 or ALMT14. The results suggest that, with the exception of ALMT12, channel species other than ALMTs carry the guard cell R-type anion currents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Jaślan
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Biocenter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg (JMU), Würzburg, D-97082, Germany
- IPSiM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, 34060, France
| | - Irene Marten
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Biocenter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg (JMU), Würzburg, D-97082, Germany
| | - Liina Jakobson
- Plant Signal Research Group, Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu, 50411, Estonia
- Estonian Crop Research Institute, J. Aamisepa 1, Jõgeva, 48309, Estonia
| | - Triinu Arjus
- Plant Signal Research Group, Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu, 50411, Estonia
| | - Rosalia Deeken
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Biocenter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg (JMU), Würzburg, D-97082, Germany
| | - Cecilia Sarmiento
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, 12618, Estonia
| | - Alexis De Angeli
- IPSiM, Univ Montpellier, CNRS, INRAE, Institut Agro, Montpellier, 34060, France
| | - Mikael Brosché
- Organismal and Evolutionary Biology Research Program, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Viikki Plant Science Centre, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, 00790, Finland
| | - Hannes Kollist
- Plant Signal Research Group, Institute of Technology, University of Tartu, Tartu, 50411, Estonia
| | - Rainer Hedrich
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Biocenter, Julius-Maximilians-Universität Würzburg (JMU), Würzburg, D-97082, Germany
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9
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Liu X, Gao T, Liu C, Mao K, Gong X, Li C, Ma F. Fruit crops combating drought: Physiological responses and regulatory pathways. Plant Physiol 2023; 192:1768-1784. [PMID: 37002821 PMCID: PMC10315311 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiad202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2022] [Revised: 03/07/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Drought is a common stress in agricultural production. Thus, it is imperative to understand how fruit crops respond to drought and to develop drought-tolerant varieties. This paper provides an overview of the effects of drought on the vegetative and reproductive growth of fruits. We summarize the empirical studies that have assessed the physiological and molecular mechanisms of the drought response in fruit crops. This review focuses on the roles of calcium (Ca2+) signaling, abscisic acid (ABA), reactive oxygen species signaling, and protein phosphorylation underlying the early drought response in plants. We review the resulting downstream ABA-dependent and ABA-independent transcriptional regulation in fruit crops under drought stress. Moreover, we highlight the positive and negative regulatory mechanisms of microRNAs in the drought response of fruit crops. Lastly, strategies (including breeding and agricultural practices) to improve the drought resistance of fruit crops are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Tengteng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Changhai Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ke Mao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Xiaoqing Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Chao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Fengwang Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas/Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Apple, College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
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Li X, Tian Y. STOP1 and STOP1-like proteins, key transcription factors to cope with acid soil syndrome. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1200139. [PMID: 37416880 PMCID: PMC10321353 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1200139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/08/2023]
Abstract
Acid soil syndrome leads to severe yield reductions in various crops worldwide. In addition to low pH and proton stress, this syndrome includes deficiencies of essential salt-based ions, enrichment of toxic metals such as manganese (Mn) and aluminum (Al), and consequent phosphorus (P) fixation. Plants have evolved mechanisms to cope with soil acidity. In particular, STOP1 (Sensitive to proton rhizotoxicity 1) and its homologs are master transcription factors that have been intensively studied in low pH and Al resistance. Recent studies have identified additional functions of STOP1 in coping with other acid soil barriers: STOP1 regulates plant growth under phosphate (Pi) or potassium (K) limitation, promotes nitrate (NO3 -) uptake, confers anoxic tolerance during flooding, and inhibits drought tolerance, suggesting that STOP1 functions as a node for multiple signaling pathways. STOP1 is evolutionarily conserved in a wide range of plant species. This review summarizes the central role of STOP1 and STOP1-like proteins in regulating coexisting stresses in acid soils, outlines the advances in the regulation of STOP1, and highlights the potential of STOP1 and STOP1-like proteins to improve crop production on acid soils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinbo Li
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, Sanya, Hainan, China
- Center for Advanced Bioindustry Technologies, and Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yifu Tian
- Hainan Yazhou Bay Seed Lab, Sanya, Hainan, China
- Center for Advanced Bioindustry Technologies, and Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
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11
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Huang S, Maierhofer T, Hashimoto K, Xu X, Karimi SM, Müller H, Geringer MA, Wang Y, Kudla J, De Smet I, Hedrich R, Geiger D, Roelfsema MRG. The CIPK23 protein kinase represses SLAC1-type anion channels in Arabidopsis guard cells and stimulates stomatal opening. New Phytol 2023; 238:270-282. [PMID: 36597715 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Guard cells control the opening of stomatal pores in the leaf surface, with the use of a network of protein kinases and phosphatases. Loss of function of the CBL-interacting protein kinase 23 (CIPK23) was previously shown to decrease the stomatal conductance, but the molecular mechanisms underlying this response still need to be clarified. CIPK23 was specifically expressed in Arabidopsis guard cells, using an estrogen-inducible system. Stomatal movements were linked to changes in ion channel activity, determined with double-barreled intracellular electrodes in guard cells and with the two-electrode voltage clamp technique in Xenopus oocytes. Expression of the phosphomimetic variant CIPK23T190D enhanced stomatal opening, while the natural CIPK23 and a kinase-inactive CIPK23K60N variant did not affect stomatal movements. Overexpression of CIPK23T190D repressed the activity of S-type anion channels, while their steady-state activity was unchanged by CIPK23 and CIPK23K60N . We suggest that CIPK23 enhances the stomatal conductance at favorable growth conditions, via the regulation of several ion transport proteins in guard cells. The inhibition of SLAC1-type anion channels is an important facet of this response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shouguang Huang
- Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences, Biocenter, Würzburg University, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, D-97082, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Tobias Maierhofer
- Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences, Biocenter, Würzburg University, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, D-97082, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Kenji Hashimoto
- Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Science, 2641 Yamazaki, Noda, 278-8510, Japan
| | - Xiangyu Xu
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Technologiepark Zwijnaarde 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sohail M Karimi
- Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences, Biocenter, Würzburg University, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, D-97082, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Heike Müller
- Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences, Biocenter, Würzburg University, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, D-97082, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Michael A Geringer
- Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences, Biocenter, Würzburg University, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, D-97082, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry (SKLPPB), College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jörg Kudla
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Universität Münster, Schlossplatz 7, 48149, Münster, Germany
| | - Ive De Smet
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
- VIB Center for Plant Systems Biology, Technologiepark Zwijnaarde 71, 9052, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Rainer Hedrich
- Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences, Biocenter, Würzburg University, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, D-97082, Würzburg, Germany
| | - Dietmar Geiger
- Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences, Biocenter, Würzburg University, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, D-97082, Würzburg, Germany
| | - M Rob G Roelfsema
- Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, Julius-von-Sachs Institute for Biosciences, Biocenter, Würzburg University, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, D-97082, Würzburg, Germany
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12
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Guo Y, Shi Y, Wang Y, Liu F, Li Z, Qi J, Wang Y, Zhang J, Yang S, Wang Y, Gong Z. The clade F PP2C phosphatase ZmPP84 negatively regulates drought tolerance by repressing stomatal closure in maize. New Phytol 2023; 237:1728-1744. [PMID: 36444538 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Drought is a major environmental stress that threatens crop production. Therefore, identification of genes involved in drought stress response is of vital importance to decipher the molecular mechanism of stress signal transduction and breed drought tolerance crops, especially for maize. Clade A PP2C phosphatases are core abscisic acid (ABA) signaling components, regulating ABA signal transduction and drought response. However, the roles of other clade PP2Cs in drought resistance remain largely unknown. Here, we discovered a clade F PP2C, ZmPP84, that negatively regulates drought tolerance by screening a transgenic overexpression maize library. Quantitative RT-PCR indicates that the transcription of ZmPP84 is suppressed by drought stress. We identified that ZmMEK1, a member of the MAPKK family, interacts with ZmPP84 by immunoprecipitation and mass spectrometry analysis. Additionally, we found that ZmPP84 can dephosphorylate ZmMEK1 and repress its kinase activity on the downstream substrate kinase ZmSIMK1, while ZmSIMK1 is able to phosphorylate S-type anion channel ZmSLAC1 at S146 and T520 in vitro. Mutations of S146 and T520 to phosphomimetic aspartate could activate ZmSLAC1 currents in Xenopus oocytes. Taken together, our study suggests that ZmPP84 is a negative regulator of drought stress response that inhibits stomatal closure through dephosphorylating ZmMEK1, thereby repressing ZmMEK1-ZmSIMK1 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yazhen Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yabo Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yalin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Fang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Junsheng Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jingbo Zhang
- College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Shuhua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhizhong Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Institute of Life Science and Green Development, School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 071002, China
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Gu S, Abid M, Bai D, Chen C, Sun L, Qi X, Zhong Y, Fang J. Transcriptome-Wide Identification and Functional Characterization of CIPK Gene Family Members in Actinidia valvata under Salt Stress. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24. [PMID: 36614245 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 12/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Fruit plants are severely constrained by salt stress in the soil due to their sessile nature. Ca2+ sensors, which are known as CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs), transmit abiotic stress signals to plants. Therefore, it is imperative to investigate the molecular regulatory role of CIPKs underlying salt stress tolerance in kiwifruit. In the current study, we have identified 42 CIPK genes from Actinidia. valvata (A.valvata). All the AvCIPKs were divided into four different phylogenetic groups. Moreover, these genes showed different conserved motifs. The expression pattern analysis showed that AvCIPK11 was specifically highly expressed under salt stress. The overexpression of AvCIPK11 in 'Hongyang' (a salt sensitive commercial cultivar from Actinidia chinensis) enhanced salt tolerance by maintaining K+/Na+ homeostasis in the leaf and positively improving the activity of POD. In addition, the salt-related genes AcCBL1 and AcNHX1 had higher expression in overexpression lines. Collectively, our study suggested that AvCIPK11 is involved in the positive regulation of salt tolerance in kiwifruit.
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14
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Cao Y, Song H, Zhang L. New Insight into Plant Saline-Alkali Tolerance Mechanisms and Application to Breeding. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232416048. [PMID: 36555693 PMCID: PMC9781758 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232416048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Saline-alkali stress is a widespread adversity that severely affects plant growth and productivity. Saline-alkaline soils are characterized by high salt content and high pH values, which simultaneously cause combined damage from osmotic stress, ionic toxicity, high pH and HCO3-/CO32- stress. In recent years, many determinants of salt tolerance have been identified and their regulatory mechanisms are fairly well understood. However, the mechanism by which plants respond to comprehensive saline-alkali stress remains largely unknown. This review summarizes recent advances in the physiological, biochemical and molecular mechanisms of plants tolerance to salinity or salt- alkali stress. Focused on the progress made in elucidating the regulation mechanisms adopted by plants in response to saline-alkali stress and present some new views on the understanding of plants in the face of comprehensive stress. Plants generally promote saline-alkali tolerance by maintaining pH and Na+ homeostasis, while the plants responding to HCO3-/CO32- stress are not exactly the same as high pH stress. We proposed that pH-tolerant or sensitive plants have evolved distinct mechanisms to adapt to saline-alkaline stress. Finally, we highlight the areas that require further research to reveal the new components of saline-alkali tolerance in plants and present the current and potential application of key determinants in breed improvement and molecular breeding.
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15
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Chen G, Shi Y, Shen X, Zhang Y, Lu X, Li Y, Jin C, Wang J, Wu J. Guard cell anion channel PbrSLAC1 regulates stomatal closure through PbrSnRK2.3 protein kinases. Plant Sci 2022; 325:111487. [PMID: 36209939 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2022.111487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 09/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Stomatal pores on the leaf surface are the gateways for gas exchange between plants and the atmosphere, which is regulated mainly by the S-type anion channel SLAC1. However, the gene encoding the main S-type anion channel SLAC1 in pear and its genetic characteristics remain unknown. In this study, Pbr015894.1 was identified as the candidate for PbrSLAC1 in pear, and it was found to be expressed abundantly in leaves, particularly in the guard cells. Virus-induced gene silencing experiments indicated that stomatal closure was achieved by a change in cell turgor instigated by PbrSLAC1 channel transport of NO3- in pear leaves and induced by abscisic acid. Furthermore, the expression of PbrSLAC1 in Arabidopsis slac1-3 and slac1-4 rescued the defective NO3- transport seen in these mutants, pointing to its role in anion transport. Fluorescence microscopy suggested that PbrSLAC1 was localized in the plasma membrane, and a dual-luciferase assay system demonstrated an interaction between PbrSLAC1 and PbrSnRK2.3/2.8. Moreover, anion conductance mediated by PbrSLAC1 was activated by PbrSnRK2.3 in Xenopus laevis oocytes and the channel showed greater permeability for nitrate than chloride, sulfate, or malate ions. Taken together, these results demonstrate that PbrSLAC1, an anion channel regulated by PbrSnRK2.3, is involved in stomatal closure by mediating the efflux of NO3- in pear leaf.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guodong Chen
- College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an 223003, China; Center of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
| | - Yunyong Shi
- College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an 223003, China
| | - Xue Shen
- College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an 223003, China
| | - Yanan Zhang
- College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an 223003, China
| | - Xiangyu Lu
- College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an 223003, China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an 223003, China
| | - Cong Jin
- College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an 223003, China
| | - Jizhong Wang
- College of Life Science and Food Engineering, Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Huai'an 223003, China
| | - Juyou Wu
- Center of Pear Engineering Technology Research, State Key Laboratory of Crop Genetics and Germplasm Enhancement, College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China.
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16
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Pérez‐Alonso M, Guerrero‐Galán C, González Ortega‐Villaizán A, Ortiz‐García P, Scholz SS, Ramos P, Sakakibara H, Kiba T, Ludwig‐Müller J, Krapp A, Oelmüller R, Vicente‐Carbajosa J, Pollmann S. The calcium sensor CBL7 is required for Serendipita indica-induced growth stimulation in Arabidopsis thaliana, controlling defense against the endophyte and K + homoeostasis in the symbiosis. Plant Cell Environ 2022; 45:3367-3382. [PMID: 35984078 PMCID: PMC9804297 DOI: 10.1111/pce.14420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Calcium is an important second messenger in plants. The activation of Ca2+ signalling cascades is critical in the activation of adaptive processes in response to environmental stimuli. Root colonization by the growth promoting endophyte Serendipita indica involves the increase of cytosolic Ca2+ levels in Arabidopsis thaliana. Here, we investigated transcriptional changes in Arabidopsis roots during symbiosis with S. indica. RNA-seq profiling disclosed the induction of Calcineurin B-like 7 (CBL7) during early and later phases of the interaction. Consistently, reverse genetic evidence highlighted the functional relevance of CBL7 and tested the involvement of a CBL7-CBL-interacting protein kinase 13 signalling pathway. The loss-of-function of CBL7 abolished the growth promoting effect and affected root colonization. The transcriptomics analysis of cbl7 revealed the involvement of this Ca2+ sensor in activating plant defense responses. Furthermore, we report on the contribution of CBL7 to potassium transport in Arabidopsis. We analysed K+ contents in wild-type and cbl7 plants and observed a significant increase of K+ in roots of cbl7 plants, while shoot tissues demonstrated K+ depletion. Taken together, our work associates CBL7 with an important role in the mutual interaction between Arabidopsis and S. indica and links CBL7 to K+ transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta‐Marina Pérez‐Alonso
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)–Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA/CSIC)Campus de MontegancedoPozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid)Spain
- Umeå Plant Science CenterUmeå UniversityUmeåSweden
| | - Carmen Guerrero‐Galán
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)–Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA/CSIC)Campus de MontegancedoPozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid)Spain
| | - Adrián González Ortega‐Villaizán
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)–Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA/CSIC)Campus de MontegancedoPozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid)Spain
| | - Paloma Ortiz‐García
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)–Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA/CSIC)Campus de MontegancedoPozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid)Spain
| | - Sandra S. Scholz
- Department of Plant Physiology, Matthias Schleiden Institute of Genetics, Bioinformatics and Molecular BotanyFriedrich‐Schiller‐University JenaJenaGermany
| | - Patricio Ramos
- Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados del MauleUniversidad Católica del MauleTalcaChile
| | - Hitoshi Sakakibara
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource ScienceTsurumiYokohamaJapan
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural SciencesNagoya UniversityNagoyaJapan
| | - Takatoshi Kiba
- RIKEN Center for Sustainable Resource ScienceTsurumiYokohamaJapan
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural SciencesNagoya UniversityNagoyaJapan
| | | | - Anne Krapp
- Université Paris‐Saclay, INRAE, AgroParisTechInstitut Jean‐Pierre BourginVersaillesFrance
| | - Ralf Oelmüller
- Department of Plant Physiology, Matthias Schleiden Institute of Genetics, Bioinformatics and Molecular BotanyFriedrich‐Schiller‐University JenaJenaGermany
| | - Jesús Vicente‐Carbajosa
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)–Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA/CSIC)Campus de MontegancedoPozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid)Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología‐Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de BiosistemasUniversidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)MadridSpain
| | - Stephan Pollmann
- Centro de Biotecnología y Genómica de Plantas, Universidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)–Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentación (INIA/CSIC)Campus de MontegancedoPozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid)Spain
- Departamento de Biotecnología‐Biología Vegetal, Escuela Técnica Superior de Ingeniería Agronómica, Alimentaria y de BiosistemasUniversidad Politécnica de Madrid (UPM)MadridSpain
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Mimata Y, Munemasa S, Nakamura T, Nakamura Y, Murata Y. Extracellular malate induces stomatal closure via direct activation of guard-cell anion channel SLAC1 and stimulation of Ca 2+ signalling. New Phytol 2022; 236:852-863. [PMID: 35879859 DOI: 10.1111/nph.18400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Plants secrete malate from guard cells to apoplast under stress conditions and exogenous malate induces stomatal closure. Malate is considered an extracellular chemical signal of stomatal closure. However, the molecular mechanism of malate-induced stomatal closure is not fully elucidated. We investigated responses of stomatal aperture, ion channels, and cytosolic Ca2+ to malate. A treatment with malate induced stomatal closure in Arabidopsis thaliana wild-type plants, but not in the mutants deficient in the slow (S-type) anion channel gene SLOW ANION CHANNEL-ASSOCIATED 1 (SLAC1). The treatment with malate increased S-type anion currents in guard-cell protoplasts of wild-type plants but not in the slac1 mutant. In addition, extracellular rather than intracellular application of malate increased the S-type currents of constitutively active mutants of SLAC1, which have kinase-independent activities, in a heterologous expression system using Xenopus oocytes. The treatment with malate transiently increased cytosolic Ca2+ concentration in the wild-type Arabidopsis guard cells and the malate-induced stomatal closure was inhibited by the Ca2+ channel blocker and the Ca2+ chelator. These results indicate that extracellular malate directly activates SLAC1 and simultaneously stimulates Ca2+ signalling in guard cells, resulting in steady and solid activation of SLAC1 for stomatal closure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshiharu Mimata
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Tsushima-Naka 1-1-1, 700-8530, Okayama, Japan
| | - Shintaro Munemasa
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Tsushima-Naka 1-1-1, 700-8530, Okayama, Japan
| | - Toshiyuki Nakamura
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Tsushima-Naka 1-1-1, 700-8530, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yoshimasa Nakamura
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Tsushima-Naka 1-1-1, 700-8530, Okayama, Japan
| | - Yoshiyuki Murata
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Tsushima-Naka 1-1-1, 700-8530, Okayama, Japan
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Fu D, Zhang Z, Wallrad L, Wang Z, Höller S, Ju C, Schmitz-Thom I, Huang P, Wang L, Peiter E, Kudla J, Wang C. Ca 2+-dependent phosphorylation of NRAMP1 by CPK21 and CPK23 facilitates manganese uptake and homeostasis in Arabidopsis. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022; 119:e2204574119. [PMID: 36161952 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2204574119] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Homeostasis of the essential micronutrient manganese (Mn) is crucially determined through availability and uptake efficiency in all organisms. Mn deficiency of plants especially occurs in alkaline and calcareous soils, seriously restricting crop yield. However, the mechanisms underlying the sensing and signaling of Mn availability and conferring regulation of Mn uptake await elucidation. Here, we uncover that Mn depletion triggers spatiotemporally defined long-lasting Ca2+ oscillations in Arabidopsis roots. These Ca2+ signals initiate in individual cells, expand, and intensify intercellularly to transform into higher-order multicellular oscillations. Furthermore, through an interaction screen we identified the Ca2+-dependent protein kinases CPK21 and CPK23 as Ca2+ signal-decoding components that bring about translation of these signals into regulation of uptake activity of the high-affinity Mn transporter natural resistance associated macrophage proteins 1 (NRAMP1). Accordingly, a cpk21/23 double mutant displays impaired growth and root development under Mn-limiting conditions, while kinase overexpression confers enhanced tolerance to low Mn supply to plants. In addition, we define Thr498 phosphorylation within NRAMP1 as a pivot mechanistically determining NRAMP1 activity, as revealed by biochemical assays and complementation of yeast Mn uptake and Arabidopsis nramp1 mutants. Collectively, these findings delineate the Ca2+-CPK21/23-NRAMP1 axis as key for mounting plant Mn homeostasis.
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Lu Y, Yu M, Jia Y, Yang F, Zhang Y, Xu X, Li X, Yang F, Lei J, Wang Y, Yang G. Structural basis for the activity regulation of a potassium channel AKT1 from Arabidopsis. Nat Commun 2022; 13:5682. [PMID: 36167696 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-33420-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
The voltage-gated potassium channel AKT1 is responsible for primary K+ uptake in Arabidopsis roots. AKT1 is functionally activated through phosphorylation and negatively regulated by a potassium channel α-subunit AtKC1. However, the molecular basis for the modulation mechanism remains unclear. Here we report the structures of AKT1, phosphorylated-AKT1, a constitutively-active variant, and AKT1-AtKC1 complex. AKT1 is assembled in 2-fold symmetry at the cytoplasmic domain. Such organization appears to sterically hinder the reorientation of C-linkers during ion permeation. Phosphorylated-AKT1 adopts an alternate 4-fold symmetric conformation at cytoplasmic domain, which indicates conformational changes associated with symmetry switch during channel activation. To corroborate this finding, we perform structure-guided mutagenesis to disrupt the dimeric interface and identify a constitutively-active variant Asp379Ala mediates K+ permeation independently of phosphorylation. This variant predominantly adopts a 4-fold symmetric conformation. Furthermore, the AKT1-AtKC1 complex assembles in 2-fold symmetry. Together, our work reveals structural insight into the regulatory mechanism for AKT1. Arabidopsis thaliana potassium channel AKT1 is responsible for primary K + uptake from soil, which is functionally activated through phosphorylation and negatively regulated by an α-subunit AtKC1. Here, the authors report the structures of AKT1 at different states, revealing a 2- fold to 4-fold symmetry switch at cytoplasmic domain associated with AKT1 activity regulation.
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Wang Z, Ouyang Y, Ren H, Wang S, Xu D, Xin Y, Hussain J, Qi G. Transcriptome profiling of Arabidopsis slac1-3 mutant reveals compensatory alterations in gene expression underlying defective stomatal closure. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:987606. [PMID: 36204078 PMCID: PMC9530288 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.987606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Plants adjust their stomatal aperture for regulating CO2 uptake and transpiration. S-type anion channel SLAC1 (slow anion channel-associated 1) is required for stomatal closure in response to various stimuli such as abscisic acid, CO2, and light/dark transitions etc. Arabidopsis slac1 mutants exhibited defects in stimulus-induced stomatal closure, reduced sensitivity to darkness, and faster water loss from detached leaves. The global transcriptomic response of a plant with defective stimuli-induced stomatal closure (particularly because of defects in SLAC1) remains to be explored. In the current research we attempted to address the same biological question by comparing the global transcriptomic changes in Arabidopsis slac1-3 mutant and wild-type (WT) under dark, and dehydration stress, using RNA-sequencing. Abscisic acid (ABA)- and dark-induced stomatal closure was defective in Arabidopsis slac1-3 mutants, consequently the mutants had cooler leaf temperature than WT. Next, we determined the transcriptomic response of the slac1-3 mutant and WT under dark and dehydration stress. Under dehydration stress, the molecular response of slac1-3 mutant was clearly distinct from WT; the number of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) was significantly higher in mutant than WT. Dehydration induced DEGs in mutant were related to hormone signaling pathways, and biotic and abiotic stress response. Although, overall number of DEGs in both genotypes was not different under dark, however, the expression pattern was very much distinct; whereas majority of DEGs in WT were found to be downregulated, in slac1-3 majority were upregulated under dark. Further, a set 262 DEGs was identified with opposite expression pattern between WT and mutant under light-darkness transition. Amongst these, DEGs belonging to stress hormone pathways, and biotic and abiotic stress response were over-represented. To sum up, we have reported gene expression reprogramming underlying slac1-3 mutation and resultantly defective stomatal closure in Arabidopsis. Moreover, the induction of biotic and abiotic response in mutant under dehydration and darkness could be suggestive of the role of stomata as a switch in triggering these responses. To summarize, the data presented here provides useful insights into the gene expression reprogramming underlying slac1-3 mutation and resultant defects in stomatal closure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yinghui Ouyang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huimin Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Shuo Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dandan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yirui Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jamshaid Hussain
- Department of Biotechnology, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Guoning Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Steinhorst L, He G, Moore LK, Schültke S, Schmitz-Thom I, Cao Y, Hashimoto K, Andrés Z, Piepenburg K, Ragel P, Behera S, Almutairi BO, Batistič O, Wyganowski T, Köster P, Edel KH, Zhang C, Krebs M, Jiang C, Guo Y, Quintero FJ, Bock R, Kudla J. A Ca 2+-sensor switch for tolerance to elevated salt stress in Arabidopsis. Dev Cell 2022; 57:2081-2094.e7. [PMID: 36007523 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2022.08.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Excessive Na+ in soils inhibits plant growth. Here, we report that Na+ stress triggers primary calcium signals specifically in a cell group within the root differentiation zone, thus forming a "sodium-sensing niche" in Arabidopsis. The amplitude of this primary calcium signal and the speed of the resulting Ca2+ wave dose-dependently increase with rising Na+ concentrations, thus providing quantitative information about the stress intensity encountered. We also delineate a Ca2+-sensing mechanism that measures the stress intensity in order to mount appropriate salt detoxification responses. This is mediated by a Ca2+-sensor-switch mechanism, in which the sensors SOS3/CBL4 and CBL8 are activated by distinct Ca2+-signal amplitudes. Although the SOS3/CBL4-SOS2/CIPK24-SOS1 axis confers basal salt tolerance, the CBL8-SOS2/CIPK24-SOS1 module becomes additionally activated only in response to severe salt stress. Thus, Ca2+-mediated translation of Na+ stress intensity into SOS1 Na+/H+ antiporter activity facilitates fine tuning of the sodium extrusion capacity for optimized salt-stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leonie Steinhorst
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Gefeng He
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Lena K Moore
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Stefanie Schültke
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Ina Schmitz-Thom
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Yibo Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry (SKLPPB), College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Kenji Hashimoto
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Zaida Andrés
- Instituto de Biología Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, 41092 Seville, Spain
| | - Katrin Piepenburg
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Paula Ragel
- Instituto de Biología Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, 41092 Seville, Spain
| | - Smrutisanjita Behera
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Bader O Almutairi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Oliver Batistič
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Thomas Wyganowski
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Philipp Köster
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Kai H Edel
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Chunxia Zhang
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Melanie Krebs
- Department of Plant Developmental Biology, Centre for Organismal Studies, Heidelberg University, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Caifu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry (SKLPPB), College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry (SKLPPB), College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Francisco J Quintero
- Instituto de Biología Vegetal y Fotosíntesis, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, 41092 Seville, Spain
| | - Ralph Bock
- Max-Planck-Institut für Molekulare Pflanzenphysiologie, 14476 Potsdam, Germany
| | - Jörg Kudla
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany.
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Song L, Wang X, Zou L, Prodhan Z, Yang J, Yang J, Ji L, Li G, Zhang R, Wang C, Li S, Zhang Y, Ji X, Zheng X, Li W, Zhang Z. Cassava ( Manihot esculenta) Slow Anion Channel ( MeSLAH4) Gene Overexpression Enhances Nitrogen Assimilation, Growth, and Yield in Rice. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:932947. [PMID: 35832225 PMCID: PMC9271942 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.932947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Nitrogen is one of the most important nutrient elements required for plant growth and development, which is also immensely related to the efficient use of nitrogen by crop plants. Therefore, plants evolved sophisticated mechanisms and anion channels to extract inorganic nitrogen (nitrate) from the soil or nutrient solutions, assimilate, and recycle the organic nitrogen. Hence, developing crop plants with a greater capability of using nitrogen efficiently is the fundamental research objective for attaining better agricultural productivity and environmental sustainability. In this context, an in-depth investigation has been conducted into the cassava slow type anion channels (SLAHs) gene family, including genome-wide expression analysis, phylogenetic relationships with other related organisms, chromosome localization, and functional analysis. A potential and nitrogen-responsive gene of cassava (MeSLAH4) was identified and selected for overexpression (OE) analysis in rice, which increased the grain yield and root growth related performance. The morpho-physiological response of OE lines was better under low nitrogen (0.01 mm NH4NO3) conditions compared to the wild type (WT) and OE lines under normal nitrogen (0.5 mm NH4NO3) conditions. The relative expression of the MeSLAH4 gene was higher (about 80-fold) in the OE line than in the wild type. The accumulation and flux assay showed higher accumulation of NO 3 - and more expansion of root cells and grain dimension of OE lines compared to the wild type plants. The results of this experiment demonstrated that the MeSLAH4 gene may play a vital role in enhancing the efficient use of nitrogen in rice, which could be utilized for high-yielding crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linhu Song
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science and Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- College of Life Sciences, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, China
| | - Xingmei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science and Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Liangping Zou
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Zakaria Prodhan
- College of Life Sciences, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, China
| | - Jiaheng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science and Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Jianping Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science and Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Li Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science and Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guanhui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science and Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Runcong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science and Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Changyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science and Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Shi Li
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science and Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science and Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xiang Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science and Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Xu Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Wheat and Maize Crop Science and Center for Crop Genome Engineering, College of Agronomy, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wanchen Li
- Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Southwest Region, Ministry of Agriculture, Maize Research Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Neijiang Normal University, Neijiang, China
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23
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Tian Y, Zeng H, Wu J, Huang J, Gao Q, Tang D, Cai L, Liao Z, Wang Y, Liu X, Lin J. Screening DHHCs of S-acylated proteins using an OsDHHC cDNA library and bimolecular fluorescence complementation in rice. Plant J 2022; 110:1763-1780. [PMID: 35411551 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15769] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Revised: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2022] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
S-acylation is an important lipid modification that primarily involves DHHC proteins (DHHCs) and associated S-acylated proteins. No DHHC-S-acylated protein pair has been reported so far in rice (Oryza sativa L.) and the molecular mechanisms underlying S-acylation in plants are largely unknown. We constructed an OsDHHC cDNA library for screening corresponding pairs of DHHCs and S-acylated proteins using bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays. Five DHHC-S-acylated protein pairs (OsDHHC30-OsCBL2, OsDHHC30-OsCBL3, OsDHHC18-OsNOA1, OsDHHC13-OsNAC9, and OsDHHC14-GSD1) were identified in rice. Among the pairs, OsCBL2 and OsCBL3 were S-acylated by OsDHHC30 in yeast and rice. The localization of OsCBL2 and OsCBL3 in the endomembrane depended on S-acylation mediated by OsDHHC30. Meanwhile, all four OsDHHCs screened complemented the thermosensitive phenotype of an akr1 yeast mutant, and their DHHC motifs were required for S-acyltransferase activity. Overexpression of OsDHHC30 in rice plants improved their salt and oxidative tolerance. Together, these results contribute to our understanding of the molecular mechanism underlying S-acylation in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ye Tian
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, National Center of Technology Innovation for Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Hui Zeng
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, National Center of Technology Innovation for Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Jicai Wu
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, National Center of Technology Innovation for Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Jian Huang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, National Center of Technology Innovation for Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Qiang Gao
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, National Center of Technology Innovation for Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Dongying Tang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, National Center of Technology Innovation for Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Lipeng Cai
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, National Center of Technology Innovation for Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Zhaoyi Liao
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, National Center of Technology Innovation for Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, National Center of Technology Innovation for Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Xuanming Liu
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, National Center of Technology Innovation for Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China
| | - Jianzhong Lin
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics and Developmental Regulation, State Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing and Chemometrics, National Center of Technology Innovation for Saline-Alkali Tolerant Rice, College of Biology, Hunan University, Changsha, 410082, Hunan, China
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24
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Miao R, Russinova E, Rodriguez PL. Tripartite hormonal regulation of plasma membrane H +-ATPase activity. Trends Plant Sci 2022; 27:588-600. [PMID: 35034860 DOI: 10.1016/j.tplants.2021.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The enzyme activity of the plasma membrane (PM) proton pump, well known as arabidopsis PM H+-ATPase (AHA) in the model plant arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana), is controlled by phosphorylation. Three different classes of phytohormones, brassinosteroids (BRs), abscisic acid (ABA), and auxin regulate plant growth and responses to environmental stimuli, at least in part by modulating the activity of the pump through phosphorylation of the penultimate Thr residue in its carboxyl terminus. Here, we review the current knowledge regarding this tripartite hormonal AHA regulation and highlight mechanisms of activation and deactivation, as well as the significance of hormonal crosstalk. Understanding the complexity of PM H+-ATPase regulation in plants might provide new strategies for sustainable agriculture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Miao
- College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Jinshan, Fuzhou 350002, China.
| | - Eugenia Russinova
- Department of Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Ghent University, Ghent, Belgium; Center for Plant Systems Biology, VIB, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Pedro L Rodriguez
- Instituto de Biología Molecular y Celular de Plantas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Universidad Politecnica de Valencia, ES-46022, Valencia, Spain.
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25
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Li Y, Ding Y, Qu L, Li X, Lai Q, Zhao P, Gao Y, Xiang C, Cang C, Liu X, Sun L. Structure of the Arabidopsis guard cell anion channel SLAC1 suggests activation mechanism by phosphorylation. Nat Commun 2022; 13:2511. [PMID: 35523967 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-30253-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Stomata play a critical role in the regulation of gas exchange and photosynthesis in plants. Stomatal closure participates in multiple stress responses, and is regulated by a complex network including abscisic acid (ABA) signaling and ion-flux-induced turgor changes. The slow-type anion channel SLAC1 has been identified to be a central controller of stomatal closure and phosphoactivated by several kinases. Here, we report the structure of SLAC1 in Arabidopsis thaliana (AtSLAC1) in an inactivated, closed state. The cytosolic amino (N)-terminus and carboxyl (C)-terminus of AtSLAC1 are partially resolved and form a plug-like structure which packs against the transmembrane domain (TMD). Breaking the interactions between the cytosolic plug and transmembrane domain triggers channel activation. An inhibition-release model is proposed for SLAC1 activation by phosphorylation that the cytosolic plug dissociates from the transmembrane domain upon phosphorylation, and induces conformational changes to open the pore. These findings facilitate our understanding of the regulation of SLAC1 activity and stomatal aperture in plants. The anion channel SLAC1 controls stomatal closure upon phosphoactivation. Here via structural analysis and electrophysiology, the authors propose an inhibition-release model where phosphorylation causes dissociation of a cytosolic plug from the SLAC1 transmembrane domains to induce conformational change in the pore-forming helices.
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26
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Yi F, Huo M, Li J, Yu J. Time-series transcriptomics reveals a drought-responsive temporal network and crosstalk between drought stress and the circadian clock in foxtail millet. Plant J 2022; 110:1213-1228. [PMID: 35262997 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress is a serious factor affecting crop growth and production worldwide. The circadian clock has been identified as key to improving regional adaptability of plants. However, our understanding of the contribution of the circadian clock to drought response and the impacts of drought stress on the circadian clock in plants is still limited. To explore the interactions between the circadian clock and drought stress, foxtail millet seedlings were treated with simulated drought (20% polyethylene glycol-6000) treatment starting at the day (DD) onset zeitgeber time 0 (ZT0, lights on) and at the night (DN) onset zeitgeber time 16 (ZT16, lights off). A high temporal-resolution transcriptomic investigation was performed using DD and DN samples collected at intervals of 2 or 4 h within a 24-h drought-treatment period. Overall, we identified 13 294 drought-responsive genes (DRGs). Among these DRGs, 7931 were common between DD and DN samples, 2638 were specific to DD, and 2725 were specific to DN. Additionally, we identified 1257 circadian genes, of which 67% were DRGs. Interestingly, with drought treatment starting at the day for 8, 12 or 16 h, the circadian phase shifted to 12 h. We also found that the circadian clock led to different day and night drought-responsive pathways. The identification of DRG_Clock (DRG and circadian clock) and DRG_NonClock (DRG and not circadian clock) genes provides a reference for selecting candidate drought resistance genes. Our work reveals the temporal drought-response process and crosstalk between drought stress and the circadian clock in foxtail millet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Engineering Research Center of Plant Growth Regulator, Ministry of Education, College of Agronomy and Biotechnology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Mingyue Huo
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jianrui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, National Maize Improvement Center, Department of Plant Genetics and Breeding, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Jingjuan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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27
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Liu Z, Hou S, Rodrigues O, Wang P, Luo D, Munemasa S, Lei J, Liu J, Ortiz-Morea FA, Wang X, Nomura K, Yin C, Wang H, Zhang W, Zhu-Salzman K, He SY, He P, Shan L. Phytocytokine signalling reopens stomata in plant immunity and water loss. Nature 2022; 605:332-339. [PMID: 35508659 PMCID: PMC9710542 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-04684-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Stomata exert considerable effects on global carbon and water cycles by mediating gas exchange and water vapour1,2. Stomatal closure prevents water loss in response to dehydration and limits pathogen entry3,4. However, prolonged stomatal closure reduces photosynthesis and transpiration and creates aqueous apoplasts that promote colonization by pathogens. How plants dynamically regulate stomatal reopening in a changing climate is unclear. Here we show that the secreted peptides SMALL PHYTOCYTOKINES REGULATING DEFENSE AND WATER LOSS (SCREWs) and the cognate receptor kinase PLANT SCREW UNRESPONSIVE RECEPTOR (NUT) counter-regulate phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA)- and microbe-associated molecular pattern (MAMP)-induced stomatal closure. SCREWs sensed by NUT function as immunomodulatory phytocytokines and recruit SOMATIC EMBRYOGENESIS RECEPTOR-LIKE KINASE (SERK) co-receptors to relay immune signalling. SCREWs trigger the NUT-dependent phosphorylation of ABA INSENSITIVE 1 (ABI1) and ABI2, which leads to an increase in the activity of ABI phosphatases towards OPEN STOMATA 1 (OST1)-a key kinase that mediates ABA- and MAMP-induced stomatal closure5,6-and a reduction in the activity of S-type anion channels. After induction by dehydration and pathogen infection, SCREW-NUT signalling promotes apoplastic water loss and disrupts microorganism-rich aqueous habitats to limit pathogen colonization. The SCREW-NUT system is widely distributed across land plants, which suggests that it has an important role in preventing uncontrolled stomatal closure caused by abiotic and biotic stresses to optimize plant fitness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zunyong Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Shuguo Hou
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, China.
| | - Olivier Rodrigues
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
- Unité de Recherche Physiologie, Pathologie et Génétique Végétales, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, INP-PURPAN, Toulouse, France
| | - Ping Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Dexian Luo
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Shintaro Munemasa
- Graduate School of Environmental & Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
| | - Jiaxin Lei
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | | | - Xin Wang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaption Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Kinya Nomura
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Chuanchun Yin
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Hongbo Wang
- School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaption Biology, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Keyan Zhu-Salzman
- Department of Entomology, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Sheng Yang He
- Department of Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Ping He
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
| | - Libo Shan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.
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Qin L, Tang LH, Xu JS, Zhang XH, Zhu Y, Zhang CR, Wang MH, Liu XL, Li F, Sun F, Su M, Zhai Y, Chen YH. Cryo-EM structure and electrophysiological characterization of ALMT from Glycine max reveal a previously uncharacterized class of anion channels. Sci Adv 2022; 8:eabm3238. [PMID: 35235352 PMCID: PMC8890709 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abm3238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Aluminum-activated malate transporters (ALMTs) form an anion channel family that plays essential roles in diverse functions in plants. Arabidopsis ALMT12, also named QUAC1 (quick anion channel 1), regulates stomatal closure in response to environmental stimuli. However, the molecular basis of ALMT12/QUAC1 activity remains elusive. Here, we describe the cryo-EM structure of ALMT12/QUAC1 from Glycine max at 3.5-Å resolution. GmALMT12/QUAC1 is a symmetrical dimer, forming a single electropositive T-shaped pore across the membrane. The transmembrane and cytoplasmic domains are assembled into a twisted two-layer architecture, with their associated dimeric interfaces nearly perpendicular. GmALMT12/QUAC1-mediated currents display rapid kinetics of activation/deactivation and a bell-shaped voltage dependency, reminiscent of the rapid (R)-type anion currents. Our structural and functional analyses reveal a domain-twisting mechanism for malate-mediated activation. Together, our study uncovers the molecular basis for a previously uncharacterized class of anion channels and provides insights into the gating and modulation of the ALMT12/QUAC1 anion channel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ling-hui Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jia-shu Xu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- School of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xian-hui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yun Zhu
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- School of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Chun-rui Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mei-hua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xue-lei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Fei Li
- Department of Biology, New York University, New York, NY 10003, USA
| | - Fei Sun
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- School of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Min Su
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yujia Zhai
- National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, CAS Center for Excellence in Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- School of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yu-hang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Developmental Biology, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- Innovative Academy of Seed Design, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
- College of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Wang T, Wei Q, Wang Z, Liu W, Zhao X, Ma C, Gao J, Xu Y, Hong B. CmNF-YB8 affects drought resistance in chrysanthemum by altering stomatal status and leaf cuticle thickness. J Integr Plant Biol 2022; 64:741-755. [PMID: 34889055 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Drought is a major abiotic stress that limits plant growth and development. Adaptive mechanisms have evolved to mitigate drought stress, including the capacity to adjust water loss rate and to modify the morphology and structure of the epidermis. Here, we show that the expression of CmNF-YB8, encoding a nuclear factor Y (NF-Y) B-type subunit, is lower under drought conditions in chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium). Transgenic chrysanthemum lines in which transcript levels of CmNF-YB8 were reduced by RNA interference (CmNF-YB8-RNAi) exhibited enhanced drought resistance relative to control lines, whereas lines overexpressing CmNF-YB8 (CmNF-YB8-OX) were less tolerant to drought. Compared to wild type (WT), CmNF-YB8-RNAi plants showed reduced stomatal opening and a thicker epidermal cuticle that correlated with their water loss rate. We also identified genes involved in stomatal adjustment (CBL-interacting protein kinase 6, CmCIPK6) and cuticle biosynthesis (CmSHN3) that are more highly expressed in CmNF-YB8-RNAi lines than in WT, CmCIPK6 being a direct downstream target of CmNF-YB8. Virus-induced gene silencing of CmCIPK6 or CmSHN3 in the CmNF-YB8-RNAi background abolished the effects of CmNF-YB8-RNAi on stomatal closure and cuticle deposition, respectively. CmNF-YB8 thus regulates CmCIPK6 and CmSHN3 expression to alter stomatal movement and cuticle thickness in the leaf epidermis, thereby affecting drought resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianle Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Qian Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Innovative Development and Utilization of Forest Plant Germplasm, College of Forestry and Landscape Architecture, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhiling Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Wenwen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Xin Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Junping Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yanjie Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Bo Hong
- State Key Laboratory of Agrobiotechnology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Development and Quality Control of Ornamental Crops, Department of Ornamental Horticulture, College of Horticulture, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
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Abstract
CIPK protein family is a key protein family in Ca2+ mediated plant signaling pathway, which plays an indispensable role in plant response to stress and development. Every gene in this family encodes specific proteins. They interact with calcium ion signals, make plants to deal with various stress or stimuli. This article mainly reviews the mechanism, positioning and physiological functions of the CIPK family in different species in recent years. According to our team's research, CIPK8 interacts with CBL5 to improve salt tolerance, and CIPK23 interacts with TGA1 to regulate nitrate uptake negatively in chrysanthemum. In addition, we discussed current limitations and future research directions. The article will enhance the understanding of the functional characteristics of the CIPK gene family under different stresses, provide insights for future breeding and the development of new crop varieties with enhanced stress tolerance.
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31
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Li X, Gao Y, Wu W, Chen L, Wang Y. Two calcium-dependent protein kinases enhance maize drought tolerance by activating anion channel ZmSLAC1 in guard cells. Plant Biotechnol J 2022; 20:143-157. [PMID: 34498364 PMCID: PMC8710898 DOI: 10.1111/pbi.13701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Stomatal closure is an important process to prevent water loss in plants response to drought stress, which is finely modulated by ion channels together with their regulators in guard cells, especially the S-type anion channel AtSLAC1 in Arabidopsis. However, the functional characterization and regulation analyses of anion channels in gramineous crops, such as in maize guard cells are still limited. In this study, we identified an S-type anion channel ZmSLAC1 that was preferentially expressed in maize guard cells and involved in stomatal closure under drought stress. We found that two Ca2+ -dependent protein kinases ZmCPK35 and ZmCPK37 were expressed in maize guard cells and localized on the plasma membrane. Lesion of ZmCPK37 resulted in drought-sensitive phenotypes. Mutation of ZmSLAC1 and ZmCPK37 impaired ABA-activated S-type anion currents in maize guard cells, while the S-type anion currents were increased in the guard cells of ZmCPK35- and ZmCPK37-overexpression lines. Electrophysiological characterization in maize guard cells and Xenopus oocytes indicated that ZmCPK35 and ZmCPK37 could activate ZmSLAC1-mediated Cl- and NO3- currents. The maize inbred and hybrid lines overexpressing ZmCPK35 and ZmCPK37 exhibited enhanced tolerance and increased yield under drought conditions. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that ZmSLAC1 plays crucial roles in stomatal closure in maize, whose activity is regulated by ZmCPK35 and ZmCPK37. Elevation of ZmCPK35 and ZmCPK37 expression levels is a feasible way to improve maize drought tolerance as well as reduce yield loss under drought stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi‐Dong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry (SKLPPB)College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yong‐Qiang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry (SKLPPB)College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Wei‐Hua Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry (SKLPPB)College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular BreedingChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Li‐Mei Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry (SKLPPB)College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular BreedingChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry (SKLPPB)College of Biological SciencesChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
- Center for Crop Functional Genomics and Molecular BreedingChina Agricultural UniversityBeijingChina
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32
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Kashtoh H, Baek KH. Structural and Functional Insights into the Role of Guard Cell Ion Channels in Abiotic Stress-Induced Stomatal Closure. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:plants10122774. [PMID: 34961246 PMCID: PMC8707303 DOI: 10.3390/plants10122774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Revised: 11/25/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
A stomatal pore is formed by a pair of specialized guard cells and serves as a major gateway for water transpiration and atmospheric CO2 influx for photosynthesis in plants. These pores must be tightly controlled, as inadequate CO2 intake and excessive water loss are devastating for plants. When the plants are exposed to extreme weather conditions such as high CO2 levels, O3, low air humidity, and drought, the turgor pressure of the guard cells exhibits an appropriate response against these stresses, which leads to stomatal closure. This phenomenon involves a complex network of ion channels and their regulation. It is well-established that the turgor pressure of guard cells is regulated by ions transportation across the membrane, such as anions and potassium ions. In this review, the guard cell ion channels are discussed, highlighting the structure and functions of key ion channels; the SLAC1 anion channel and KAT1 potassium channel, and their regulatory components, emphasizing their significance in guard cell response to various stimuli.
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33
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Booth NJ, Smith PMC, Ramesh SA, Day DA. Malate Transport and Metabolism in Nitrogen-Fixing Legume Nodules. Molecules 2021; 26:6876. [PMID: 34833968 PMCID: PMC8618214 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26226876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 11/08/2021] [Accepted: 11/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Legumes form a symbiosis with rhizobia, a soil bacterium that allows them to access atmospheric nitrogen and deliver it to the plant for growth. Biological nitrogen fixation occurs in specialized organs, termed nodules, that develop on the legume root system and house nitrogen-fixing rhizobial bacteroids in organelle-like structures termed symbiosomes. The process is highly energetic and there is a large demand for carbon by the bacteroids. This carbon is supplied to the nodule as sucrose, which is broken down in nodule cells to organic acids, principally malate, that can then be assimilated by bacteroids. Sucrose may move through apoplastic and/or symplastic routes to the uninfected cells of the nodule or be directly metabolised at the site of import within the vascular parenchyma cells. Malate must be transported to the infected cells and then across the symbiosome membrane, where it is taken up by bacteroids through a well-characterized dct system. The dicarboxylate transporters on the infected cell and symbiosome membranes have been functionally characterized but remain unidentified. Proteomic and transcriptomic studies have revealed numerous candidates, but more work is required to characterize their function and localise the proteins in planta. GABA, which is present at high concentrations in nodules, may play a regulatory role, but this remains to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas J. Booth
- College of Science & Engineering, Flinders University, GPO Box 5100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia; (N.J.B.); (S.A.R.)
| | | | - Sunita A. Ramesh
- College of Science & Engineering, Flinders University, GPO Box 5100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia; (N.J.B.); (S.A.R.)
| | - David A. Day
- College of Science & Engineering, Flinders University, GPO Box 5100, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia; (N.J.B.); (S.A.R.)
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Lee H, Ganguly A, Baik S, Cho HT. Calcium-dependent protein kinase 29 modulates PIN-FORMED polarity and Arabidopsis development via its own phosphorylation code. Plant Cell 2021; 33:3513-3531. [PMID: 34402905 PMCID: PMC8566293 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koab207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
PIN-FORMED (PIN)-mediated polar auxin transport (PAT) is involved in key developmental processes in plants. Various internal and external cues influence plant development via the modulation of intracellular PIN polarity and, thus, the direction of PAT, but the mechanisms underlying these processes remain largely unknown. PIN proteins harbor a hydrophilic loop (HL) that has important regulatory functions; here, we used the HL as bait in protein pulldown screening for modulators of intracellular PIN trafficking in Arabidopsis thaliana. Calcium-dependent protein kinase 29 (CPK29), a Ca2+-dependent protein kinase, was identified and shown to phosphorylate specific target residues on the PIN-HL that were not phosphorylated by other kinases. Furthermore, loss of CPK29 or mutations of the phospho-target residues in PIN-HLs significantly compromised intracellular PIN trafficking and polarity, causing defects in PIN-mediated auxin redistribution and biological processes such as lateral root formation, root twisting, hypocotyl gravitropism, phyllotaxis, and reproductive development. These findings indicate that CPK29 directly interprets Ca2+ signals from internal and external triggers, resulting in the modulation of PIN trafficking and auxin responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyodong Lee
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Anindya Ganguly
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Song Baik
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
| | - Hyung-Taeg Cho
- Department of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Korea
- Author for correspondence:
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35
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Verma P, Sanyal SK, Pandey GK. Ca 2+-CBL-CIPK: a modulator system for efficient nutrient acquisition. Plant Cell Rep 2021; 40:2111-2122. [PMID: 34415375 DOI: 10.1007/s00299-021-02772-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) is a universal second messenger essential for the growth and development of plants in normal and stress situations. In plants, the proteins, CBL (calcineurin B-like) and CIPK (CBL-interacting protein kinase), form one of the important Ca2+ decoding complexes to decipher Ca2+ signals elicited by environmental challenges. Multiple interactors distinguish CBL and CIPK protein family members to form a signaling network for regulated perception and transduction of environmental signals, e.g., signals generated under nutrient stress conditions. Conservation of equilibrium in response to varying soil nutrient status is an important aspect for plant vigor and yield. Signaling processes have been reported to observe nutrient fluctuations as a signal responsible for regulated nutrient transport adaptation. Recent studies have identified downstream targets of CBL-CIPK modules as ion channels or transporters and their association in signaling nutrient disposal including potassium, nitrate, ammonium, magnesium, zinc, boron, and iron. Ca2+-CBL-CIPK pathway modulates ion transporters/channels and hence maintains a homeostasis of several important plant nutrients in the cytosol and sub-cellular compartments. In this article, we summarize recent literature to discuss the role of the Ca2+-CBL-CIPK pathway in cellular osmoregulation and homeostasis on exposure to nutrient excess or deprived soils. This further establishes a link between taking up the nutrient in the roots and its distribution and homeostasis during the generation of signal for the development and survival of plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Verma
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Sibaji K Sanyal
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi, 110021, India
| | - Girdhar K Pandey
- Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Delhi South Campus, Benito Juarez Road, Dhaula Kuan, New Delhi, 110021, India.
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36
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Ma X, Li Y, Gai WX, Li C, Gong ZH. The CaCIPK3 gene positively regulates drought tolerance in pepper. Hortic Res 2021; 8:216. [PMID: 34593788 PMCID: PMC8484583 DOI: 10.1038/s41438-021-00651-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Drought stress is a major agricultural problem restricting the growth, development, and productivity of plants. Calcineurin B-like proteins (CBLs) and CBL-interacting protein kinases (CIPKs) significantly influence the plant response to different stresses. However, the molecular mechanisms of CBL-CIPK in the drought stress response of pepper are still unknown. Here, the function of CaCIPK3 in the regulation of drought stress in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) was explored. Transcriptomic data and quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) analysis revealed that CaCIPK3 participates in the response to multiple stresses. Knockdown of CaCIPK3 in pepper increased the sensitivity to mannitol and methyl jasmonate (MeJA). Transient overexpression of CaCIPK3 improved drought tolerance by enhancing the activities of the antioxidant system and positively regulating jasmonate (JA)-related genes. Ectopic expression of CaCIPK3 in tomato also improved drought and MeJA resistance. As the CaCIPK3-interacting partner, CaCBL2 positively influenced drought resistance. Additionally, CaWRKY1 and CaWRKY41 directly bound the CaCIPK3 promoter to influence its expression. This study shows that CaCIPK3 acts as a positive regulator in drought stress resistance via the CBL-CIPK network to regulate MeJA signaling and the antioxidant defense system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Ma
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, P. R. China
| | - Yang Li
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Xian Gai
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, P. R. China
| | - Chuang Li
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, P. R. China
| | - Zhen-Hui Gong
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, P. R. China.
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Ródenas R, Vert G. Regulation of Root Nutrient Transporters by CIPK23: 'One Kinase to Rule Them All'. Plant Cell Physiol 2021; 62:553-563. [PMID: 33367898 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcaa156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Protein kinases constitute essential regulatory components in the majority of cellular processes in eukaryotic cells. The CBL-INTERACTING PROTEIN KINASE (CIPK) family of plant protein kinases functions in calcium (Ca2+)-related signaling pathways and is therefore involved in the response to a wide variety of signals in plants. By covalently linking phosphate groups to their target proteins, CIPKs regulate the activity of downstream targets, their localization, their stability and their ability to interact with other proteins. In Arabidopsis, the CIPK23 kinase has emerged as a major hub driving root responses to diverse environmental stresses, including drought, salinity and nutrient imbalances, such as potassium, nitrate and iron deficiencies, as well as ammonium, magnesium and non-iron metal toxicities. This review will chiefly report on the prominent roles of CIPK23 in the regulation of plant nutrient transporters and on the underlying molecular mechanisms. We will also discuss the different scenarios explaining how a single promiscuous kinase, such as CIPK23, may convey specific responses to a myriad of signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reyes Ródenas
- Plant Science Research Laboratory (LRSV), UMR5546, CNRS, Université Toulouse 3, 24 Chemin de Borde Rouge, 31320 Auzeville Tolosane, France
| | - Grégory Vert
- Plant Science Research Laboratory (LRSV), UMR5546, CNRS, Université Toulouse 3, 24 Chemin de Borde Rouge, 31320 Auzeville Tolosane, France
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Karimi SM, Freund M, Wager BM, Knoblauch M, Fromm J, M Mueller H, Ache P, Krischke M, Mueller MJ, Müller T, Dittrich M, Geilfus CM, Alfarhan AH, Hedrich R, Deeken R. Under salt stress guard cells rewire ion transport and abscisic acid signaling. New Phytol 2021; 231:1040-1055. [PMID: 33774818 DOI: 10.1111/nph.17376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Soil salinity is an increasingly global problem which hampers plant growth and crop yield. Plant productivity depends on optimal water-use efficiency and photosynthetic capacity balanced by stomatal conductance. Whether and how stomatal behavior contributes to salt sensitivity or tolerance is currently unknown. This work identifies guard cell-specific signaling networks exerted by a salt-sensitive and salt-tolerant plant under ionic and osmotic stress conditions accompanied by increasing NaCl loads. We challenged soil-grown Arabidopsis thaliana and Thellungiella salsuginea plants with short- and long-term salinity stress and monitored genome-wide gene expression and signals of guard cells that determine their function. Arabidopsis plants suffered from both salt regimes and showed reduced stomatal conductance while Thellungiella displayed no obvious stress symptoms. The salt-dependent gene expression changes of guard cells supported the ability of the halophyte to maintain high potassium to sodium ratios and to attenuate the abscisic acid (ABA) signaling pathway which the glycophyte kept activated despite fading ABA concentrations. Our study shows that salinity stress and even the different tolerances are manifested on a single cell level. Halophytic guard cells are less sensitive than glycophytic guard cells, providing opportunities to manipulate stomatal behavior and improve plant productivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sohail M Karimi
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Wuerzburg, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, Wuerzburg, 97082, Germany
| | - Matthias Freund
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Wuerzburg, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, Wuerzburg, 97082, Germany
| | - Brittney M Wager
- School of Biological Science, Washington State University, PO Box 644236, Pullman, WA, 99164-4236, USA
| | - Michael Knoblauch
- School of Biological Science, Washington State University, PO Box 644236, Pullman, WA, 99164-4236, USA
| | - Jörg Fromm
- Department of Biology, Institute of Wood Science, University of Hamburg, Leuschnerstraße 91d, Hamburg, 21031, Germany
| | - Heike M Mueller
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Wuerzburg, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, Wuerzburg, 97082, Germany
| | - Peter Ache
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Wuerzburg, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, Wuerzburg, 97082, Germany
| | - Markus Krischke
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Wuerzburg, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, Wuerzburg, 97082, Germany
| | - Martin J Mueller
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, University of Wuerzburg, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, Wuerzburg, 97082, Germany
| | - Tobias Müller
- Department of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, University of Wuerzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg, 97074, Germany
| | - Marcus Dittrich
- Department of Bioinformatics, Biocenter, University of Wuerzburg, Am Hubland, Würzburg, 97074, Germany
| | - Christoph-Martin Geilfus
- Albrecht Daniel Thaer-Institute of Agricultural and Horticultural Sciences, Controlled Environment Horticulture, Humboldt University of Berlin, Albrecht-Thaer-Weg 3, Berlin, 14195, Germany
| | - Ahmed H Alfarhan
- Department of Botany & Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rainer Hedrich
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Wuerzburg, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, Wuerzburg, 97082, Germany
| | - Rosalia Deeken
- Department of Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Wuerzburg, Julius-von-Sachs-Platz 2, Wuerzburg, 97082, Germany
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Huimin R, Hussain J, Wenjie L, Fenyong Y, Junjun G, Youhan K, Shenkui L, Guoning Q. The expression of constitutively active CPK3 impairs potassium uptake and transport in Arabidopsis under low K + stress. Cell Calcium 2021; 98:102447. [PMID: 34333245 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2021.102447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Potassium (K+) is a vital cation and is involved in multiple physiological functions in plants. K+ uptake from outer medium by roots is a tightly regulated process and is mainly carried out by two high affinity K+ transport proteins AKT1 and HAK5. It has been shown that calcium (Ca2+) signaling plays important roles in the regulation of K+ transport in plants. Ca2+-dependent protein kinases (CPKs) are involved in regulation of multiple K+ channels in different tissues. However, it remains to be studied whether CPKs are involved in the regulation of AKT1 and, thereby, K+ transport. Here, we have shown that constitutively active version of CPK3 (CPK3CA) is involved in K+ transport in Arabidopsis via regulating AKT1 under low K+ conditions. The constitutively active version of CPK3 (CPK3CA), as well as CPK21 (CPK21CA), inhibited K+ currents of AKT1 in Xenopus oocytes. CPK3CA inhibited only channel conductance but had no effect on channel open probability. Further, CPK3 in vivo interacted with AKT1. Under low K+ conditions, cpk3 knock-out mutants had no distinct phenotype, while the seedlings of 35S-CPK3CA overexpressing lines died even at normal K+ concentration. Further, the transgenic lines expressing CPK3CA under AKT1 promoter (ProAKT1-CPK3CA) exhibited the same phenotype as akt1 mutant with a defective root growth and leaf chlorosis. Moreover, ProAKT1-CPK3CA transgenic lines had lower root and shoot K+ contents than Col. Overall, the data reported here demonstrate that the expression of constitutively active of CPK3 impairs potassium uptake and transports in Arabidopsis under low K+ stress by inhibiting the activity of AKT1.
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40
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Lehmann J, Jørgensen ME, Fratz S, Müller HM, Kusch J, Scherzer S, Navarro-Retamal C, Mayer D, Böhm J, Konrad KR, Terpitz U, Dreyer I, Mueller TD, Sauer M, Hedrich R, Geiger D, Maierhofer T. Acidosis-induced activation of anion channel SLAH3 in the flooding-related stress response of Arabidopsis. Curr Biol 2021; 31:3575-3585.e9. [PMID: 34233161 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2021.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Plants, as sessile organisms, gained the ability to sense and respond to biotic and abiotic stressors to survive severe changes in their environments. The change in our climate comes with extreme dry periods but also episodes of flooding. The latter stress condition causes anaerobiosis-triggered cytosolic acidosis and impairs plant function. The molecular mechanism that enables plant cells to sense acidity and convey this signal via membrane depolarization was previously unknown. Here, we show that acidosis-induced anion efflux from Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) roots is dependent on the S-type anion channel AtSLAH3. Heterologous expression of SLAH3 in Xenopus oocytes revealed that the anion channel is directly activated by a small, physiological drop in cytosolic pH. Acidosis-triggered activation of SLAH3 is mediated by protonation of histidine 330 and 454. Super-resolution microscopy analysis showed that the increase in cellular proton concentration switches SLAH3 from an electrically silent channel dimer into its active monomeric form. Our results show that, upon acidification, protons directly switch SLAH3 to its open configuration, bypassing kinase-dependent activation. Moreover, under flooding conditions, the stress response of Arabidopsis wild-type (WT) plants was significantly higher compared to SLAH3 loss-of-function mutants. Our genetic evidence of SLAH3 pH sensor function may guide the development of crop varieties with improved stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julian Lehmann
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, Julius-von-Sachs Institute, Würzburg 97082, Germany; Department of Biotechnology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, Biocenter -Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany
| | - Morten E Jørgensen
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, Julius-von-Sachs Institute, Würzburg 97082, Germany
| | - Stefanie Fratz
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, Julius-von-Sachs Institute, Würzburg 97082, Germany
| | - Heike M Müller
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, Julius-von-Sachs Institute, Würzburg 97082, Germany
| | - Jana Kusch
- University Hospital Jena, Institute of Physiologie II, Kollegiengasse 9, Jena 07743, Germany
| | - Sönke Scherzer
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, Julius-von-Sachs Institute, Würzburg 97082, Germany
| | - Carlos Navarro-Retamal
- Center for Bioinformatics, Simulation and Modeling (CBSM), Faculty of Engineering, Universidad de Talca, 2 Norte 685, Talca, Chile
| | - Dominik Mayer
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, Julius-von-Sachs Institute, Würzburg 97082, Germany
| | - Jennifer Böhm
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, Julius-von-Sachs Institute, Würzburg 97082, Germany
| | - Kai R Konrad
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, Julius-von-Sachs Institute, Würzburg 97082, Germany
| | - Ulrich Terpitz
- Department of Biotechnology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, Biocenter -Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany
| | - Ingo Dreyer
- Center for Bioinformatics, Simulation and Modeling (CBSM), Faculty of Engineering, Universidad de Talca, 2 Norte 685, Talca, Chile
| | - Thomas D Mueller
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, Julius-von-Sachs Institute, Würzburg 97082, Germany
| | - Markus Sauer
- Department of Biotechnology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, Biocenter -Am Hubland, Würzburg 97074, Germany
| | - Rainer Hedrich
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, Julius-von-Sachs Institute, Würzburg 97082, Germany.
| | - Dietmar Geiger
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, Julius-von-Sachs Institute, Würzburg 97082, Germany
| | - Tobias Maierhofer
- Institute for Molecular Plant Physiology and Biophysics, University of Würzburg, Julius-von-Sachs Institute, Würzburg 97082, Germany.
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Abstract
Our knowledge of plant ion channels was significantly enhanced by the first application of the patch-clamp technique to isolated guard cell protoplasts over 35 years ago. Since then, research has demonstrated the importance of ion channels in the control of gas exchange in guard cells, their role in nutrient uptake in roots, and the participation of calcium-permeable cation channels in the regulation of cell signaling affected by the intracellular concentrations of this second messenger. In recent years, through the employment of reverse genetics, mutant proteins, and heterologous expression systems, research on ion channels has identified mechanisms that modify their activity through protein-protein interactions or that result in activation and/or deactivation of ion channels through posttranslational modifications. Additional and confirmatory information on ion channel functioning has been derived from the crystallization and molecular modeling of plant proteins that, together with functional analyses, have helped to increase our knowledge of the functioning of these important membrane proteins that may eventually help to improve crop yield. Here, an update on the advances obtained in plant ion channel function during the last few years is presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Pantoja
- Instituto de Biotecnología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Cuernavaca 62210, México;
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Li JH, Fan LF, Zhao DJ, Zhou Q, Yao JP, Wang ZY, Huang L. Plant electrical signals: A multidisciplinary challenge. J Plant Physiol 2021; 261:153418. [PMID: 33887526 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2021.153418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2021] [Revised: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Plant electrical signals, an early event in the plant-stimulus interaction, rapidly transmit information generated by the stimulus to other organs, and even the whole plant, to promote the corresponding response and trigger a regulatory cascade. In recent years, many promising state-of-the-art technologies applicable to study plant electrophysiology have emerged. Research focused on expression of genes associated with electrical signals has also proliferated. We propose that it is appropriate for plant electrical signals to be considered in the form of a "plant electrophysiological phenotype". This review synthesizes research on plant electrical signals from a novel, interdisciplinary perspective, which is needed to improve the efficient aggregation and use of plant electrical signal data and to expedite interpretation of plant electrical signals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hai Li
- College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Precision Agriculture System Integration Research, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Li-Feng Fan
- College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Precision Agriculture System Integration Research, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Dong-Jie Zhao
- Institute for Future (IFF), Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Qiao Zhou
- College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Acquisition Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Jie-Peng Yao
- College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Acquisition Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100083, China
| | - Zhong-Yi Wang
- College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Modern Precision Agriculture System Integration Research, Ministry of Education, Beijing, 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Acquisition Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100083, China.
| | - Lan Huang
- College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100083, China; Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Acquisition Technology, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing, 100083, China.
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Sun D, Fang X, Xiao C, Ma Z, Huang X, Su J, Li J, Wang J, Wang S, Luan S, He K. Kinase SnRK1.1 regulates nitrate channel SLAH3 engaged in nitrate-dependent alleviation of ammonium toxicity. Plant Physiol 2021; 186:731-749. [PMID: 33560419 PMCID: PMC8154061 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/15/2021] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate (NO3-) and ammonium (NH4+) are major inorganic nitrogen (N) supplies for plants, but NH4+ as the sole or dominant N source causes growth inhibition in many plants, known as ammonium toxicity. Small amounts of NO3- can significantly mitigate ammonium toxicity, and the anion channel SLAC1 homolog 3 (SLAH3) is involved in this process, but the mechanistic detail of how SLAH3 regulates nitrate-dependent alleviation of ammonium toxicity is still largely unknown. In this study, we identified SnRK1.1, a central regulator involved in energy homeostasis, and various stress responses, as a SLAH3 interactor in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana). Our results suggest that SNF1-related protein kinase 1 (SnRK1.1) functions as a negative regulator of SLAH3. Kinase assays indicate SnRK1.1 strongly phosphorylates the C-terminal of SLAH3 at the site S601. Under high-NH4+/low-pH condition, phospho-mimetic and phospho-dead mutations in SLAH3 S601 result in barely rescued phenotypes and fully complemented phenotypes in slah3. Furthermore, SnRK1.1 migrates from cytoplasm to nucleus under high-NH4+/low-pH conditions. The translocation of SnRK1.1 from cytosol to nucleus under high-ammonium stress releases the inhibition on SLAH3, which allows SLAH3-mediated NO3- efflux leading to alleviation of high-NH4+/low-pH stress. Our study reveals that the C-terminal phosphorylation also plays important role in SLAH3 regulation and provides additional insights into nitrate-dependent alleviation of ammonium toxicity in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doudou Sun
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xianming Fang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chengbin Xiao
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zhen Ma
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Xuemei Huang
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jingrong Su
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jia Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jiafeng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
- College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Suomin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
- Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
- College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China
| | - Sheng Luan
- Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Kai He
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
- Author for communication:
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Musavizadeh Z, Najafi-Zarrini H, Kazemitabar SK, Hashemi SH, Faraji S, Barcaccia G, Heidari P. Genome-Wide Analysis of Potassium Channel Genes in Rice: Expression of the OsAKT and OsKAT Genes under Salt Stress. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:784. [PMID: 34065373 PMCID: PMC8160896 DOI: 10.3390/genes12050784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Potassium (K+), as a vital element, is involved in regulating important cellular processes such as enzyme activity, cell turgor, and nutrient movement in plant cells, which affects plant growth and production. Potassium channels are involved in the transport and release of potassium in plant cells. In the current study, three OsKAT genes and two OsAKT genes, along with 11 nonredundant putative potassium channel genes in the rice genome, were characterized based on their physiochemical properties, protein structure, evolution, duplication, in silico gene expression, and protein-protein interactions. In addition, the expression patterns of OsAKTs and OsKATs were studied in root and shoot tissues under salt stress using real-time PCR in three rice cultivars. K+ channel genes were found to have diverse functions and structures, and OsKATs showed high genetic divergence from other K+ channel genes. Furthermore, the Ka/Ks ratios of duplicated gene pairs from the K+ channel gene family in rice suggested that these genes underwent purifying selection. Among the studied K+ channel proteins, OsKAT1 and OsAKT1 were identified as proteins with high potential N-glycosylation and phosphorylation sites, and LEU, VAL, SER, PRO, HIS, GLY, LYS, TYR, CYC, and ARG amino acids were predicted as the binding residues in the ligand-binding sites of K+ channel proteins. Regarding the coexpression network and KEGG ontology results, several metabolic pathways, including sugar metabolism, purine metabolism, carbon metabolism, glycerophospholipid metabolism, monoterpenoid biosynthesis, and folate biosynthesis, were recognized in the coexpression network of K+ channel proteins. Based on the available RNA-seq data, the K+ channel genes showed differential expression levels in rice tissues in response to biotic and abiotic stresses. In addition, the real-time PCR results revealed that OsAKTs and OsKATs are induced by salt stress in root and shoot tissues of rice cultivars, and OsKAT1 was identified as a key gene involved in the rice response to salt stress. In the present study, we found that the repression of OsAKTs, OsKAT2, and OsKAT2 in roots was related to salinity tolerance in rice. Our findings provide valuable insights for further structural and functional assays of K+ channel genes in rice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Musavizadeh
- Department of Biochemical Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | - Hamid Najafi-Zarrini
- Department of Plant Breeding, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University (SANRU), Sari 4818166996, Iran; (H.N.-Z.); (S.K.K.); (S.F.)
| | - Seyed Kamal Kazemitabar
- Department of Plant Breeding, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University (SANRU), Sari 4818166996, Iran; (H.N.-Z.); (S.K.K.); (S.F.)
| | - Seyed Hamidreza Hashemi
- Genetics and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute of Tabarestan, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University, Sari 4818166996, Iran;
| | - Sahar Faraji
- Department of Plant Breeding, Sari Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University (SANRU), Sari 4818166996, Iran; (H.N.-Z.); (S.K.K.); (S.F.)
| | - Gianni Barcaccia
- Laboratory of Genomics for Breeding, DAFNAE, Campus of Agripolis, University of Padova, Legnaro, 35020 Padova, Italy;
| | - Parviz Heidari
- Faculty of Agriculture, Shahrood University of Technology, Shahrood 3619995161, Iran
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Hosseini Tafreshi SA, Aghaie P, Ebrahimi MA, Haerinasab M. Regulation of drought-related responses in tomato plants by two classes of calcineurin B-like (SlCBL1/2) proteins. Plant Physiol Biochem 2021; 162:431-446. [PMID: 33740682 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2021.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Calcineurin-B-like proteins (CBLs) are essential components of the calcium signaling network and act during plant's response to stress and normal conditions. A combined research strategy of in-silico analysis and gene silencing experiment was employed to investigate the role of different classes of CBLs in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) during the response to drought stress. Two different classes of CBL genes, including SlCBL3-1, and SlCBL3-2, with the minimum and a maximum number of drought-responsive cis-elements, were selected and were targeted for transient gene silencing in tomato followed by the drought treatment. The effect of silencing events was evaluated by determining of further growth and physiological traits in plants under both control and drought stress conditions. The results showed that silencing of SlCBL3-1 significantly reduced shoot and root growth, relative water content (RWC), and the concentration of pigments while increased free radical accumulation, lipid peroxidation, and leakage from the cells. On the other hand, no antioxidant enzyme activity or proline induction was triggered in plants after SlCBL3-1 silencing. Some of these adverse events were more significantly enhanced when the silenced plants were exposed to drought stress. Overall, a significant role for SlCBL3-1 in the life cycle of plant suggested under both normal and stress conditions. The SlCBL3-2 silencing showed more efficient plants recovery from silencing or drought stress conditions. Therefore, SlCBL3-2 gene may act as a negative regulator under stress conditions. The results might provide new theoretical insight and genetic resources for developing resistant crops against environmental stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Ali Hosseini Tafreshi
- Biotechnology Division, Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Kashan, Kashan, Iran.
| | - Peyman Aghaie
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Payame Noor University, PO BOX 19395-3697, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Ali Ebrahimi
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, Payame Noor University, PO BOX 19395-3697, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Haerinasab
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Payame Noor University, PO BOX 19395-3697, Tehran, Iran
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Deng YN, Kashtoh H, Wang Q, Zhen GX, Li QY, Tang LH, Gao HL, Zhang CR, Qin L, Su M, Li F, Huang XH, Wang YC, Xie Q, Clarke OB, Hendrickson WA, Chen YH. Structure and activity of SLAC1 channels for stomatal signaling in leaves. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2021; 118:e2015151118. [PMID: 33926963 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2015151118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Stomata in leaves regulate gas exchange between the plant and its atmosphere. Various environmental stimuli elicit abscisic acid (ABA); ABA leads to phosphoactivation of slow anion channel 1 (SLAC1); SLAC1 activity reduces turgor pressure in aperture-defining guard cells; and stomatal closure ensues. We used electrophysiology for functional characterizations of Arabidopsis thaliana SLAC1 (AtSLAC1) and cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) for structural analysis of Brachypodium distachyon SLAC1 (BdSLAC1), at 2.97-Å resolution. We identified 14 phosphorylation sites in AtSLAC1 and showed nearly 330-fold channel-activity enhancement with 4 to 6 of these phosphorylated. Seven SLAC1-conserved arginines are poised in BdSLAC1 for regulatory interaction with the N-terminal extension. This BdSLAC1 structure has its pores closed, in a basal state, spring loaded by phenylalanyl residues in high-energy conformations. SLAC1 phosphorylation fine-tunes an equilibrium between basal and activated SLAC1 trimers, thereby controlling the degree of stomatal opening.
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47
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Ren H, Su Q, Hussain J, Tang S, Song W, Sun Y, Liu H, Qi G. Slow anion channel GhSLAC1 is essential for stomatal closure in response to drought stress in cotton. J Plant Physiol 2021; 258-259:153360. [PMID: 33482420 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2020.153360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Revised: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Drought is one of the abiotic stresses which affects the growth and development of plants, including cotton. The role of stomatal anion channel SLAC1 has been well established in regulating stomatal closure in response to drought stress in several plant species. However, the gene encoding for the main S-type anion channel SLAC1 in cotton has not been identified hence its role in drought stress response remains uncharacterized. In this study, we identified Gh_A08G1582 as the gene encoding for GhSLAC1 in cotton. The gene exhibited abundant expression in leaves and was localized in cell membrane. Furthermore, the expression of GhSLAC1 in Arabidopsis slac1-3 mutants rescued the defective stomatal movement phenotypes of the mutants, pointing to its role in stomata regulation. GhSLAC1 channel was activated by AtOST1 in Xenopus laevis oocytes and showed greater permeability for nitrate than chloride. Further data demonstrated that transgenic cotton lines with silenced GhSLAC1 exhibited obvious leaf wilting phenotype and strong stomatal closure insensitivity under drought stress. Taken together, these results demonstrate that GhSLAC1 is an essential element for stomatal closure in response to drought in cotton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China; China Colored-cotton (Group) Co., Ltd., Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China
| | - Quansheng Su
- Plant Genomics & Molecular Improvement of Colored Fiber Lab, Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jamshaid Hussain
- Department of Biotechnology, COMSATS University Islamabad, Abbottabad Campus, 22060, University Road Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Shouwu Tang
- China Colored-cotton (Group) Co., Ltd., Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China
| | - Wu Song
- China Colored-cotton (Group) Co., Ltd., Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China
| | - Yuqiang Sun
- Plant Genomics & Molecular Improvement of Colored Fiber Lab, Key Laboratory of Plant Secondary Metabolism and Regulation of Zhejiang Province, College of Life Sciences and Medicine, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou, 310016, Zhejiang, China
| | - Haifeng Liu
- China Colored-cotton (Group) Co., Ltd., Urumqi, Xinjiang, 830011, China.
| | - Guoning Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, School of Forestry and Biotechnology, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou, 311300, Zhejiang, China.
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Dong Q, Bai B, Almutairi BO, Kudla J. Emerging roles of the CBL-CIPK calcium signaling network as key regulatory hub in plant nutrition. J Plant Physiol 2021; 257:153335. [PMID: 33388664 DOI: 10.1016/j.jplph.2020.153335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Revised: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Plant physiology and development essentially depend on sufficient uptake of various essential nutritive ions via their roots and their appropriate transport and distribution within the organism. Many of these essential nutrients are heterogeneously distributed in the soil or are available in fluctuating concentrations. This natural situation requires constant regulatory adjustment and balancing of nutrient uptake and homeostasis. Here, we review recent findings on the role of Ca2+ signals and Ca2+-dependent regulation via the CBL-CIPK Ca2+ sensor-protein kinase network in these processes. We put special emphasis on Ca2+ controlled processes that contribute to establishing the homeostasis of macro-nutrients like potassium (K+), nitrogen (N), and magnesium (Mg2+) and on the micro-nutrient iron (Fe). Increasing experimental evidence indicates the occurrence of nutrient-specific, spatially and temporally defined cytoplasmic Ca2+ elevations as early responses to nutrient fluctuations. Specific CBL-CIPK complexes translate these signals into phosphorylation regulation of important channels and transporters like AKT1, NPF6.3/NRT1.1, AMT1, SLAC1, TPK1 and IRT1. We discuss a crucial and coordinating role for these Ca2+ signaling mechanisms in regulating the sensing, uptake, distribution and storage of various ions. Finally, we reflect on the emerging multifaceted and potentially integrating role of the "nutrient" kinase CIPK23 in regulating multiple nutrient responses. From this inventory, we finally deduce potential mechanisms that can convey the coordinated regulation of distinct steps in the transport of one individual ion and mechanisms that can bring about the integration of adaptive responses to fluctuations of different ions to establish a faithfully balanced plant nutrient homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuyan Dong
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, WWU Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany.
| | - Bowen Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Bader O Almutairi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
| | - Jörg Kudla
- Institut für Biologie und Biotechnologie der Pflanzen, WWU Münster, 48149, Münster, Germany; State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
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Chen X, Ding Y, Yang Y, Song C, Wang B, Yang S, Guo Y, Gong Z. Protein kinases in plant responses to drought, salt, and cold stress. J Integr Plant Biol 2021; 63:53-78. [PMID: 33399265 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 209] [Impact Index Per Article: 69.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Protein kinases are major players in various signal transduction pathways. Understanding the molecular mechanisms behind plant responses to biotic and abiotic stresses has become critical for developing and breeding climate-resilient crops. In this review, we summarize recent progress on understanding plant drought, salt, and cold stress responses, with a focus on signal perception and transduction by different protein kinases, especially sucrose nonfermenting1 (SNF1)-related protein kinases (SnRKs), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades, calcium-dependent protein kinases (CDPKs/CPKs), and receptor-like kinases (RLKs). We also discuss future challenges in these research fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuexue Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yanglin Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yongqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Chunpeng Song
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Crop Stress Biology, Henan Province, Institute of Plant Stress Biology, Henan University, Kaifeng, 475001, China
| | - Baoshan Wang
- Key Lab of Plant Stress Research, College of Life Science, Shandong Normal University, Ji'nan, 250000, China
| | - Shuhua Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Yan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhizhong Gong
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
- Institute of Life Science and Green Development, School of Life Sciences, Hebei University, Baoding, 071001, China
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Fang XZ, Fang SQ, Ye ZQ, Liu D, Zhao KL, Jin CW. NRT1.1 Dual-Affinity Nitrate Transport/Signalling and its Roles in Plant Abiotic Stress Resistance. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:715694. [PMID: 34497626 PMCID: PMC8420879 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.715694] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 08/02/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
NRT1.1 is the first nitrate transport protein cloned in plants and has both high- and low-affinity functions. It imports and senses nitrate, which is modulated by the phosphorylation on Thr101 (T101). Structural studies have revealed that the phosphorylation of T101 either induces dimer decoupling or increases structural flexibility within the membrane, thereby switching the NRT1.1 protein from a low- to high-affinity state. Further studies on the adaptive regulation of NRT1.1 in fluctuating nitrate conditions have shown that, at low nitrate concentrations, nitrate binding only at the high-affinity monomer initiates NRT1.1 dimer decoupling and priming of the T101 site for phosphorylation activated by CIPK23, which functions as a high-affinity nitrate transceptor. However, nitrate binding in both monomers retains the unmodified NRT1.1, maintaining the low-affinity mode. This NRT1.1-mediated nitrate signalling and transport may provide a key to improving the efficiency of plant nitrogen use. However, recent studies have revealed that NRT1.1 is extensively involved in plant tolerance of several adverse environmental conditions. In this context, we summarise the recent progress in the molecular mechanisms of NRT1.1 dual-affinity nitrate transport/signalling and focus on its expected and unexpected roles in plant abiotic stress resistance and their regulation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Zhi Fang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhejiang, China
- *Correspondence: Xian Zhi Fang,
| | - Shu Qin Fang
- Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zheng Qian Ye
- Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Ke Li Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Soil Contamination Bioremediation of Zhejiang Province, State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chong Wei Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Natural Resources and Environmental Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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