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Serra AL, Meyer NJ, Beitler JR. Treatment Mechanism and Inflammatory Subphenotyping in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2024; 209:774-776. [PMID: 38394653 PMCID: PMC10995565 DOI: 10.1164/rccm.202402-0340ed] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Alexis L Serra
- Center for Acute Respiratory Failure Columbia University New York, New York
| | - Nuala J Meyer
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Jeremy R Beitler
- Center for Acute Respiratory Failure Columbia University New York, New York
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2
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Kaiser R, Gold C, Joppich M, Loew Q, Akhalkatsi A, Mueller TT, Offensperger F, Droste Zu Senden A, Popp O, di Fina L, Knottenberg V, Martinez-Navarro A, Eivers L, Anjum A, Escaig R, Bruns N, Briem E, Dewender R, Muraly A, Akgöl S, Ferraro B, Hoeflinger JKL, Polewka V, Khaled NB, Allgeier J, Tiedt S, Dichgans M, Engelmann B, Enard W, Mertins P, Hubner N, Weckbach L, Zimmer R, Massberg S, Stark K, Nicolai L, Pekayvaz K. Peripheral priming induces plastic transcriptomic and proteomic responses in circulating neutrophils required for pathogen containment. Sci Adv 2024; 10:eadl1710. [PMID: 38517968 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.adl1710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/24/2024]
Abstract
Neutrophils rapidly respond to inflammation and infection, but to which degree their functional trajectories after mobilization from the bone marrow are shaped within the circulation remains vague. Experimental limitations have so far hampered neutrophil research in human disease. Here, using innovative fixation and single-cell-based toolsets, we profile human and murine neutrophil transcriptomes and proteomes during steady state and bacterial infection. We find that peripheral priming of circulating neutrophils leads to dynamic shifts dominated by conserved up-regulation of antimicrobial genes across neutrophil substates, facilitating pathogen containment. We show the TLR4/NF-κB signaling-dependent up-regulation of canonical neutrophil activation markers like CD177/NB-1 during acute inflammation, resulting in functional shifts in vivo. Blocking de novo RNA synthesis in circulating neutrophils abrogates these plastic shifts and prevents the adaptation of antibacterial neutrophil programs by up-regulation of distinct effector molecules upon infection. These data underline transcriptional plasticity as a relevant mechanism of functional neutrophil reprogramming during acute infection to foster bacterial containment within the circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rainer Kaiser
- Department of Medicine I, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Christoph Gold
- Department of Medicine I, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Markus Joppich
- LFE Bioinformatik, Department of Informatics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Quentin Loew
- Department of Medicine I, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | | | - Tonina T Mueller
- Department of Medicine I, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Vascular Biology and Pathology, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Felix Offensperger
- LFE Bioinformatik, Department of Informatics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Oliver Popp
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Lea di Fina
- Department of Medicine I, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Luke Eivers
- Department of Medicine I, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Afra Anjum
- Department of Medicine I, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Raphael Escaig
- Department of Medicine I, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Nils Bruns
- Department of Medicine I, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Eva Briem
- Anthropology and Human Genomics, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Robin Dewender
- Department of Medicine I, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Abhinaya Muraly
- Department of Medicine I, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Sezer Akgöl
- Department of Medicine I, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Bartolo Ferraro
- Department of Medicine I, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Biomedical Center, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Jonathan K L Hoeflinger
- Vascular Biology and Pathology, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Vivien Polewka
- Department of Medicine I, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
| | - Najib Ben Khaled
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II, University Hospital Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Julian Allgeier
- Medizinische Klinik und Poliklinik II, University Hospital Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Steffen Tiedt
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Martin Dichgans
- Institute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich, Germany
| | - Bernd Engelmann
- Vascular Biology and Pathology, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, University Hospital Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Enard
- Anthropology and Human Genomics, Faculty of Biology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Munich, Germany
| | - Philipp Mertins
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
| | - Norbert Hubner
- Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine (MDC) and Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Berlin, Germany
- Charite-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ludwig Weckbach
- Department of Medicine I, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
- Institute of Cardiovascular Physiology and Pathophysiology, Biomedical Center, Ludwig Maximilian University Munich, Planegg-Martinsried, Germany
| | - Ralf Zimmer
- LFE Bioinformatik, Department of Informatics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | - Steffen Massberg
- Department of Medicine I, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Konstantin Stark
- Department of Medicine I, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Leo Nicolai
- Department of Medicine I, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
| | - Kami Pekayvaz
- Department of Medicine I, LMU University Hospital, LMU Munich, Germany
- DZHK (German Centre for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Munich Heart Alliance, Munich, Germany
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Yang Q, Langston JC, Prosniak R, Pettigrew S, Zhao H, Perez E, Edelmann H, Mansoor N, Merali C, Merali S, Marchetti N, Prabhakarpandian B, Kiani MF, Kilpatrick LE. Distinct functional neutrophil phenotypes in sepsis patients correlate with disease severity. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1341752. [PMID: 38524125 PMCID: PMC10957777 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1341752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Purpose Sepsis is a clinical syndrome defined as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Sepsis is a highly heterogeneous syndrome with distinct phenotypes that impact immune function and response to infection. To develop targeted therapeutics, immunophenotyping is needed to identify distinct functional phenotypes of immune cells. In this study, we utilized our Organ-on-Chip assay to categorize sepsis patients into distinct phenotypes using patient data, neutrophil functional analysis, and proteomics. Methods Following informed consent, neutrophils and plasma were isolated from sepsis patients in the Temple University Hospital ICU (n=45) and healthy control donors (n=7). Human lung microvascular endothelial cells (HLMVEC) were cultured in the Organ-on-Chip and treated with buffer or cytomix ((TNF/IL-1β/IFNγ). Neutrophil adhesion and migration across HLMVEC in the Organ-on-Chip were used to categorize functional neutrophil phenotypes. Quantitative label-free global proteomics was performed on neutrophils to identify differentially expressed proteins. Plasma levels of sepsis biomarkers and neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) were determined by ELISA. Results We identified three functional phenotypes in critically ill ICU sepsis patients based on ex vivo neutrophil adhesion and migration patterns. The phenotypes were classified as: Hyperimmune characterized by enhanced neutrophil adhesion and migration, Hypoimmune that was unresponsive to stimulation, and Hybrid with increased adhesion but blunted migration. These functional phenotypes were associated with distinct proteomic signatures and differentiated sepsis patients by important clinical parameters related to disease severity. The Hyperimmune group demonstrated higher oxygen requirements, increased mechanical ventilation, and longer ICU length of stay compared to the Hypoimmune and Hybrid groups. Patients with the Hyperimmune neutrophil phenotype had significantly increased circulating neutrophils and elevated plasma levels NETs. Conclusion Neutrophils and NETs play a critical role in vascular barrier dysfunction in sepsis and elevated NETs may be a key biomarker identifying the Hyperimmune group. Our results establish significant associations between specific neutrophil functional phenotypes and disease severity and identify important functional parameters in sepsis pathophysiology that may provide a new approach to classify sepsis patients for specific therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingliang Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Jordan C. Langston
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Roman Prosniak
- Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Samantha Pettigrew
- Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Huaqing Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Education and Data Science, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Edwin Perez
- Center for Inflammation and Lung Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Hannah Edelmann
- Center for Inflammation and Lung Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Nadia Mansoor
- Center for Inflammation and Lung Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Carmen Merali
- School of Pharmacy, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Salim Merali
- School of Pharmacy, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Nathaniel Marchetti
- Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | | | - Mohammad F. Kiani
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Engineering, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Laurie E. Kilpatrick
- Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
- Center for Inflammation and Lung Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
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Rizo-Téllez SA, Filep JG. Beyond host defense and tissue injury: the emerging role of neutrophils in tissue repair. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2024; 326:C661-C683. [PMID: 38189129 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00652.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Revised: 12/31/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Neutrophils, the most abundant immune cells in human blood, play a fundamental role in host defense against invading pathogens and tissue injury. Neutrophils carry potentially lethal weaponry to the affected site. Inadvertent and perpetual neutrophil activation could lead to nonresolving inflammation and tissue damage, a unifying mechanism of many common diseases. The prevailing view emphasizes the dichotomy of their function, host defense versus tissue damage. However, tissue injury may also persist during neutropenia, which is associated with disease severity and poor outcome. Numerous studies highlight neutrophil phenotypic heterogeneity and functional versatility, indicating that neutrophils play more complex roles than previously thought. Emerging evidence indicates that neutrophils actively orchestrate resolution of inflammation and tissue repair and facilitate return to homeostasis. Thus, neutrophils mobilize multiple mechanisms to limit the inflammatory reaction, assure debris removal, matrix remodeling, cytokine scavenging, macrophage reprogramming, and angiogenesis. In this review, we will summarize the homeostatic and tissue-reparative functions and mechanisms of neutrophils across organs. We will also discuss how the healing power of neutrophils might be harnessed to develop novel resolution and repair-promoting therapies while maintaining their defense functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salma A Rizo-Téllez
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of Montreal and Research Center, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - János G Filep
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, University of Montreal and Research Center, Maisonneuve-Rosemont Hospital, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
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5
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Williams JG, Jones RL, Yunger TL, Lahni PM, Yehya N, Varisco BM. Comparison of 16 Pediatric Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome-Associated Plasma Biomarkers With Changing Lung Injury Severity. Pediatr Crit Care Med 2024; 25:e31-e40. [PMID: 37382480 PMCID: PMC10755079 DOI: 10.1097/pcc.0000000000003311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Pediatric acute respiratory distress syndrome (PARDS) is a source of substantial morbidity and mortality in the PICU, and different plasma biomarkers have identified different PARDS and ARDS subgroups. We have a poor understanding of how these biomarkers change over time and with changing lung injuries. We sought to determine how biomarker levels change over PARDS course, whether they are correlated, and whether they are different in critically ill non-PARDS patients. DESIGN Two-center prospective observational study. SETTING Two quaternary care academic children's hospitals. PATIENTS Subjects under 18 years of age admitted to the PICU who were intubated and met the Second Pediatric Acute Lung Injury Consensus Conference-2 PARDS diagnostic criteria and nonintubated critically ill subjects without apparent lung disease. INTERVENTIONS None. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS Plasma samples were obtained on study days 1, 3, 7, and 14. The levels of 16 biomarkers were measured using a fluorometric bead-based assay. Compared with non-PARDS subjects, on day 1 PARDS subjects had increased concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-8, interferon-γ, IL17, granzyme B, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM1), surfactant protein D, and IL18 but reduced matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) concentrations (all p < 0.05). Day 1 biomarker concentrations and PARDS severity were not correlated. Over PARDS course, changes in 11 of the 16 biomarkers positively correlated with changing lung injury with sICAM1 ( R = 0.69, p = 2.2 × 10 -16 ) having the strongest correlation. By Spearman rank correlation of biomarker concentrations in PARDS subjects, we identified two patterns. One had elevations of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, MMP-9, and myeloperoxidase, and the other had higher inflammatory cytokines. CONCLUSIONS sICAM1 had the strongest positive correlation with worsening lung injury across all study time points suggesting that it is perhaps the most biologically relevant of the 16 analytes. There was no correlation between biomarker concentration on day 1 and day 1 PARDS severity; however, changes in most biomarkers over time positively correlated with changing lung injury. Finally, in day 1 samples, 7 of the 16 biomarkers were not significantly different between PARDS and critically ill non-PARDS subjects. These data highlight the difficulty of using plasma biomarkers to identify organ-specific pathology in critically ill patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- James G Williams
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Rhonda L Jones
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Toni L Yunger
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Patrick M Lahni
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
| | - Nadir Yehya
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA
| | - Brian M Varisco
- Division of Critical Care Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH
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Huber A, Jose S, Kassam A, Weghorn KN, Powers-Fletcher M, Sharma D, Mukherjee A, Mathew A, Kulkarni N, Chandramouli S, Alder MN, Madan R. Olfactomedin-4 + neutrophils exacerbate intestinal epithelial damage and worsen host survival after Clostridioides difficile infection. bioRxiv 2023:2023.08.21.553751. [PMID: 37662327 PMCID: PMC10473617 DOI: 10.1101/2023.08.21.553751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Neutrophils are key first responders to Clostridioides difficile infection (CDI). Excessive tissue and blood neutrophils are associated with worse histopathology and adverse outcomes, however their functional role during CDI remains poorly defined. Utilizing intestinal epithelial cell (IEC)-neutrophil co-cultures and a pre-clinical animal model of CDI, we show that neutrophils exacerbate C. difficile -induced IEC injury. We utilized cutting-edge single-cell transcriptomics to illuminate neutrophil subtypes and biological pathways that could exacerbate CDI-associated IEC damage. As such, we have established the first transcriptomics atlas of bone marrow (BM), blood, and colonic neutrophils after CDI. We found that CDI altered the developmental trajectory of BM and blood neutrophils towards populations that exhibit gene signatures associated with pro-inflammatory responses and neutrophil-mediated tissue damage. Similarly, the transcriptomic signature of colonic neutrophils was consistent with hyper-inflammatory and highly differentiated cells that had amplified expression of cytokine-mediated signaling and degranulation priming genes. One of the top 10 variable features in colonic neutrophils was the gene for neutrophil glycoprotein, Olfactomedin 4 (OLFM4). CDI enhanced OLFM4 mRNA and protein expression in neutrophils, and OLFM4 + cells aggregated to areas of severe IEC damage. Compared to uninfected controls, both humans and mice with CDI had higher concentrations of circulating OLFM4; and in mice, OLFM4 deficiency resulted in faster recovery and better survival after infection. Collectively, these studies provide novel insights into neutrophil-mediated pathology after CDI and highlight the pathogenic role of OLFM4 + neutrophils in regulating CDI-induced IEC damage. One Sentence Summary Utilizing single-cell transcriptomics, IEC-epithelial co-cultures, and pre-clinical models of CDI, we have identified a subset of neutrophils that are marked by OLFM4 expression as pathogenic determinants of IEC barrier damage after CDI.
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Zhou W, Cao X, Xu Q, Qu J, Sun Y. The double-edged role of neutrophil heterogeneity in inflammatory diseases and cancers. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e325. [PMID: 37492784 PMCID: PMC10363828 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are important immune cells act as the body's first line of defense against infection and respond to diverse inflammatory cues. Many studies have demonstrated that neutrophils display plasticity in inflammatory diseases and cancers. Clarifying the role of neutrophil heterogeneity in inflammatory diseases and cancers will contribute to the development of novel treatment strategies. In this review, we have presented a review on the development of the understanding on neutrophil heterogeneity from the traditional perspective and a high-resolution viewpoint. A growing body of evidence has confirmed the double-edged role of neutrophils in inflammatory diseases and tumors. This may be due to a lack of precise understanding of the role of specific neutrophil subsets in the disease. Thus, elucidating specific neutrophil subsets involved in diseases would benefit the development of precision medicine. Thusly, we have summarized the relevance and actions of neutrophil heterogeneity in inflammatory diseases and cancers comprehensively. Meanwhile, we also discussed the potential intervention strategy for neutrophils. This review is intended to deepen our understanding of neutrophil heterogeneity in inflammatory diseases and cancers, while hold promise for precise treatment of neutrophil-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wencheng Zhou
- Department of PharmacyThe First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang Chinese Medical University (Zhejiang Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine)HangzhouChina
| | - Xinran Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyDepartment of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical SciencesSchool of Life ScienceNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Qiang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyDepartment of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical SciencesSchool of Life ScienceNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Jiao Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyDepartment of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical SciencesSchool of Life ScienceNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
| | - Yang Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical BiotechnologyDepartment of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical SciencesSchool of Life ScienceNanjing UniversityNanjingChina
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Bruserud Ø, Mosevoll KA, Bruserud Ø, Reikvam H, Wendelbo Ø. The Regulation of Neutrophil Migration in Patients with Sepsis: The Complexity of the Molecular Mechanisms and Their Modulation in Sepsis and the Heterogeneity of Sepsis Patients. Cells 2023; 12:cells12071003. [PMID: 37048076 PMCID: PMC10093057 DOI: 10.3390/cells12071003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Sepsis is defined as life-threatening organ dysfunction caused by a dysregulated host response to infection. Common causes include gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria as well as fungi. Neutrophils are among the first cells to arrive at an infection site where they function as important effector cells of the innate immune system and as regulators of the host immune response. The regulation of neutrophil migration is therefore important both for the infection-directed host response and for the development of organ dysfunctions in sepsis. Downregulation of CXCR4/CXCL12 stimulates neutrophil migration from the bone marrow. This is followed by transmigration/extravasation across the endothelial cell barrier at the infection site; this process is directed by adhesion molecules and various chemotactic gradients created by chemotactic cytokines, lipid mediators, bacterial peptides, and peptides from damaged cells. These mechanisms of neutrophil migration are modulated by sepsis, leading to reduced neutrophil migration and even reversed migration that contributes to distant organ failure. The sepsis-induced modulation seems to differ between neutrophil subsets. Furthermore, sepsis patients should be regarded as heterogeneous because neutrophil migration will possibly be further modulated by the infecting microorganisms, antimicrobial treatment, patient age/frailty/sex, other diseases (e.g., hematological malignancies and stem cell transplantation), and the metabolic status. The present review describes molecular mechanisms involved in the regulation of neutrophil migration; how these mechanisms are altered during sepsis; and how bacteria/fungi, antimicrobial treatment, and aging/frailty/comorbidity influence the regulation of neutrophil migration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Øystein Bruserud
- Leukemia Research Group, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway
- Section for Hematology, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
- Correspondence:
| | - Knut Anders Mosevoll
- Section for Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
- Section for Infectious Diseases, Department of Clinical Research, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Øyvind Bruserud
- Department for Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Håkon Reikvam
- Leukemia Research Group, Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5021 Bergen, Norway
- Section for Hematology, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
| | - Øystein Wendelbo
- Section for Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, 5021 Bergen, Norway
- Faculty of Health, VID Specialized University, Ulriksdal 10, 5009 Bergen, Norway
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Abstract
Heterogeneity in sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is increasingly being recognized as one of the principal barriers to finding efficacious targeted therapies. The advent of multiple high-throughput biological data ("omics"), coupled with the widespread access to increased computational power, has led to the emergence of phenotyping in critical care. Phenotyping aims to use a multitude of data to identify homogenous subgroups within an otherwise heterogenous population. Increasingly, phenotyping schemas are being applied to sepsis and ARDS to increase understanding of these clinical conditions and identify potential therapies. Here we present a selective review of the biological phenotyping schemas applied to sepsis and ARDS. Further, we outline some of the challenges involved in translating these conceptual findings to bedside clinical decision-making tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratik Sinha
- Division of Clinical & Translational Research and Division of Critical Care, Department of Anesthesia, Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri, USA;
| | - Nuala J Meyer
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine; Center for Translational Lung Biology; and Lung Biology Institute, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine; Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Carolyn S Calfee
- Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Allergy & Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, California, USA
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10
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Al Gharaibeh FN, Kempton KM, Alder MN. Olfactomedin-4-Positive Neutrophils in Neonates: Link to Systemic Inflammation and Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia. Neonatology 2022; 120:40-48. [PMID: 36549285 PMCID: PMC10010669 DOI: 10.1159/000527902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Little is known about the interplay between neutrophil heterogeneity in neonates in health and disease states. Olfactomedin-4 (OLFM4) marks a subset of neutrophils that have been described in adults and pediatric patients but not neonates, and this subset is thought to play a role in modulating the host inflammatory response. METHODS This is a prospective cohort of neonates who were born between June 2020 and December 2021 at the University of Cincinnati Medical Center NICU. Olfactomedin-4-positive (OLFM4+) neutrophils were identified in the peripheral blood using flow cytometry. RESULTS OLFM4+ neutrophil percentage was not correlated with gestational age or developmental age. Neonates with sepsis had a higher percentage than those without the condition, 66.9% (IQR 24.3-76.9%) versus 21.5% (IQR 10.6-34.7%), respectively, p = 0.0003. At birth, a high percentage of OLFM4+ neutrophils was associated with severe chorioamnionitis at 49.1% (IQR 28.2-61.5%) compared to those without it at 13.7% (IQR 7.7-26.3%), p < 0.0001. Among neonates without sepsis, the percentages of OLFM4+ neutrophils were lower in the BPD/early death group compared to those without BPD, 11.8% (IQR 6.3-29.0%) versus 32.5% (IQR 18.5-46.1%), p = 0.003, and this retained significance in a multiple logistic regression model that included gestational age, birthweight, and race. CONCLUSION This is the first study describing OLFM4+ neutrophils in neonates and it shows that this neutrophil subpopulation is not influenced by gestational age but is elevated in inflammatory conditions such as sepsis and severe chorioamnionitis, and lower percentage at birth is associated with developing bronchopulmonary dysplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faris N Al Gharaibeh
- Division of Neonatology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Kristalynn M Kempton
- Division of Critical Care, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
| | - Matthew N Alder
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
- Division of Critical Care, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA
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11
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Lundquist H, Andersson H, Chew MS, Das J, Turkina MV, Welin A. The Olfactomedin-4-Defined Human Neutrophil Subsets Differ in Proteomic Profile in Healthy Individuals and Patients with Septic Shock. J Innate Immun 2022; 15:351-364. [PMID: 36450268 PMCID: PMC10701106 DOI: 10.1159/000527649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The specific granule glycoprotein olfactomedin-4 (Olfm4) marks a subset (1-70%) of human neutrophils and the Olfm4-high (Olfm4-H) proportion has been found to correlate with septic shock severity. The aim of this study was to decipher proteomic differences between the subsets in healthy individuals, hypothesizing that Olfm4-H neutrophils have a proteomic profile distinct from that of Olfm4 low (Olfm4-L) neutrophils. We then extended the investigation to septic shock. A novel protocol for the preparation of fixed, antibody-stained, and sorted neutrophils for LC-MS/MS was developed. In healthy individuals, 39 proteins showed increased abundance in Olfm4-H, including the small GTPases Rab3d and Rab11a. In Olfm4-L, 52 proteins including neutrophil defensin alpha 4, CXCR1, Rab3a, and S100-A7 were more abundant. The data suggest differences in important neutrophil proteins that might impact immunological processes. However, in vitro experiments revealed no apparent difference in the ability to control bacteria nor produce oxygen radicals. In subsets isolated from patients with septic shock, 24 proteins including cytochrome b-245 chaperone 1 had significantly higher abundance in Olfm4-H and 30 in Olfm4-L, including Fc receptor proteins. There was no correlation between Olfm4-H proportion and septic shock severity, but plasma Olfm4 concentration was elevated in septic shock. Thus, the Olfm4-H and Olfm4-L neutrophils have different proteomic profiles, but there was no evident functional significance of the differences in septic shock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hans Lundquist
- Division of Inflammation and Infection, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Henrik Andersson
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Michelle S Chew
- Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Jyotirmoy Das
- Bioinformatics, Core Facility, Division of Cell Biology, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- Clinical Genomics Linköping, SciLife Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Maria V Turkina
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Amanda Welin
- Division of Inflammation and Infection, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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12
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Hong Y, Chen L, Sun J, Xing L, Yang Y, Jin X, Cai H, Dong L, Zhou L, Zhang Z. Single-cell transcriptome profiling reveals heterogeneous neutrophils with prognostic values in sepsis. iScience 2022; 25:105301. [PMID: 36304125 PMCID: PMC9593767 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.105301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils constitute the largest proportion of nucleated peripheral blood cells, and neutrophils have substantial heterogeneity. We profiled nearly 300,000 human peripheral blood cells in this study using single-cell RNA sequencing. A large proportion (>50%) of these cells were annotated as neutrophils. Neutrophils were further clustered into four subtypes, including Neu1, Neu2, Neu3, and Neu4. Neu1 is characterized by high expression of MMP9, HP, and RGL4. Neu1 was associated with septic shock and significantly correlated with the sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score. A gene expression module in Neu1 named Neu1_C (characterized by expression of NFKBIA, CXCL8, G0S2, and FTH1) was highly predictive of septic shock with an area under the curve of 0.81. The results were extensively validated in external bulk datasets by using single-cell deconvolution methods. In summary, our study establishes a general framework for studying neutrophil-related mechanisms, prognostic biomarkers, and potential therapeutic targets for septic shock. Neutrophils were clustered into four subtypes, including Neu1, Neu2, Neu3, and Neu4 Neu1 was associated with septic shock Neu1 was correlated with the sequential organ failure assessment (SOFA) score A gene expression module in Neu1 named Neu1_C was highly predictive of septic shock
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucai Hong
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Affiliated Jinhua Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Jinhua, China
| | - Jian Sun
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Lishui Center Hospital, Lishui, Zhejiang 323000, China
| | - Lifeng Xing
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Second Hospital of Jiaxing, Jiaxing, 314000, P.R.China
| | - Xiaohong Jin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The Affiliated Wenling Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenling 317500, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Huabo Cai
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Lianlian Dong
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Liping Zhou
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Zhongheng Zhang
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Key Laboratory of Precision Medicine in Diagnosis and Monitoring Research of Zhejiang Province, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China,Key Laboratory of Digital Technology in Medical Diagnostics Of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China,Corresponding author
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13
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Park SJ, Kwon S, Lee MS, Jang BH, Guzmán-Cedillo AE, Kang JH. Human Cell-Camouflaged Nanomagnetic Scavengers Restore Immune Homeostasis in a Rodent Model with Bacteremia. Small 2022; 18:e2203746. [PMID: 36070419 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202203746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Bloodstream infection caused by antimicrobial resistance pathogens is a global concern because it is difficult to treat with conventional therapy. Here, scavenger magnetic nanoparticles enveloped by nanovesicles derived from blood cells (MNVs) are reported, which magnetically eradicate an extreme range of pathogens in an extracorporeal circuit. It is quantitatively revealed that glycophorin A and complement receptor (CR) 1 on red blood cell (RBC)-MNVs predominantly capture human fecal bacteria, carbapenem-resistant (CR) Escherichia coli, and extended-spectrum beta-lactamases-positive (ESBL-positive) E. coli, vancomycin-intermediate Staphylococcus aureus (VISA), endotoxins, and proinflammatory cytokines in human blood. Additionally, CR3 and CR1 on white blood cell-MNVs mainly contribute to depleting the virus envelope proteins of Zika, SARS-CoV-2, and their variants in human blood. Supplementing opsonins into the blood significantly augments the pathogen removal efficiency due to its combinatorial interactions between pathogens and CR1 and CR3 on MNVs. The extracorporeal blood cleansing enables full recovery of lethally infected rodent animals within 7 days by treating them twice in series. It is also validated that parameters reflecting immune homeostasis, such as blood cell counts, cytokine levels, and transcriptomics changes, are restored in blood of the fatally infected rats after treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung Jin Park
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), UNIST gil 50, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Seyong Kwon
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), UNIST gil 50, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Seok Lee
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), UNIST gil 50, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Bong Hwan Jang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), UNIST gil 50, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Axel E Guzmán-Cedillo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), UNIST gil 50, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
| | - Joo H Kang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), UNIST gil 50, Ulsan, 44919, Republic of Korea
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14
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Piatek P, Namiecinska M, Lewkowicz N, Kulińska-Michalska M, Jabłonowski Z, Matysiak M, Dulska J, Michlewska S, Wieczorek M, Lewkowicz P. Changes Within H3K4me3-Marked Histone Reveal Molecular Background of Neutrophil Functional Plasticity. Front Immunol 2022; 13:906311. [PMID: 35757755 PMCID: PMC9229595 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.906311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophils are a heterogenous population capable of both antimicrobial functions and suppressor ones, however, no specific pattern of transcription factors controlling this plasticity has been identified. We observed rapid changes in the neutrophil status after stimulation with LPS, pre-activating concentration of TNF-α, or IL-10. Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-Seq) analysis of histone H3K4me3 allowed us to identify various transcriptional start sites (TSSs) associated with plasticity and heterogeneity of human neutrophils. Gene Ontology analysis demonstrated great variation within target genes responsible for neutrophil activation, cytokine production, apoptosis, histone remodelling as well as NF-κB transcription factor pathways. These data allowed us to assign specific target genes positioned by H3K4me3-marked histone with a different pattern of gene expression related to NF-κB pathways, apoptosis, and a specific profile of cytokines/chemokines/growth factors realised by neutrophils stimulated by LPS, IL-10, or TNF-α. We discovered IL-10-induced apoptotic neutrophils being transcriptionally active cells capable of switching the profile of cytokines/chemokines/growth factors desired in resolving inflammation via non-canonical NF-κB pathway with simultaneous inhibition of canonical NF-κB pathway. As apoptotic/suppressive neutrophils induced by IL-10 via positioning genes within H3K4me3-marked histone were transcriptionally active, newly described DNA binding sites can be considered as potential targets for immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Piatek
- Department of Immunogenetics, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Natalia Lewkowicz
- Department of Periodontology and Oral Mucosal Diseases, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | | | | | - Mariola Matysiak
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | | | - Sylwia Michlewska
- Laboratory of Microscopic Imaging and Specialized Biological Techniques, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
| | - Marek Wieczorek
- Department of Neurobiology, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland
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15
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Yao RQ, Ren C, Zheng LY, Xia ZF, Yao YM. Advances in Immune Monitoring Approaches for Sepsis-Induced Immunosuppression. Front Immunol 2022; 13:891024. [PMID: 35619710 PMCID: PMC9127053 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.891024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Sepsis represents a life-threatening organ dysfunction due to an aberrant host response. Of note is that majority of patients have experienced a severe immune depression during and after sepsis, which is significantly correlated with the occurrence of nosocomial infection and higher risk of in-hospital death. Nevertheless, the clinical sign of sepsis-induced immune paralysis remains highly indetectable and ambiguous. Given that, specific yet robust biomarkers for monitoring the immune functional status of septic patients are of prominent significance in clinical practice. In turn, the stratification of a subgroup of septic patients with an immunosuppressive state will greatly contribute to the implementation of personalized adjuvant immunotherapy. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the mechanism of sepsis-associated immunosuppression at the cellular level and highlight the recent advances in immune monitoring approaches targeting the functional status of both innate and adaptive immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren-Qi Yao
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division and Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Burn Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Ren
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division and Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China.,Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Yu Zheng
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division and Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
| | - Zhao-Fan Xia
- Department of Burn Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yong-Ming Yao
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Medical Innovation Research Division and Fourth Medical Center of the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) General Hospital, Beijing, China
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16
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Liu W, Rodgers GP. Olfactomedin 4 Is a Biomarker for the Severity of Infectious Diseases. Open Forum Infect Dis 2022; 9:ofac061. [PMID: 35291445 PMCID: PMC8918383 DOI: 10.1093/ofid/ofac061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 02/07/2022] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Biomarkers of infectious diseases are essential tools for patient monitoring, diagnostics, and prognostics. Here we review recent advances in our understanding of olfactomedin 4 (OLFM4) in neutrophil biology and of OLFM4 as a new biomarker for certain infectious diseases. OLFM4 is a neutrophil-specific granule protein that is expressed in a subset of human and mouse neutrophils. OLFM4 expression is upregulated in many viral and bacterial infections, as well as in malaria. OLFM4 appears to play an important role in regulating host innate immunity against bacterial infection. Further, higher expression of OLFM4 is associated with severity of disease for dengue virus, respiratory syncytial virus, and malaria infections. In addition, higher expression of OLFM4 or a higher percentage of OLFM4 + neutrophils is associated with poorer outcomes in septic patients. OLFM4 is a promising biomarker and potential therapeutic target in certain infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenli Liu
- Molecular and Clinical Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
| | - Griffin P Rodgers
- Molecular and Clinical Hematology Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, USA
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17
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Saha R, Pradhan SS, Shalimar, Das P, Mishra P, Singh R, Sivaramakrishnan V, Acharya P. Inflammatory signature in acute-on-chronic liver failure includes increased expression of granulocyte genes ELANE, MPO and CD177. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18849. [PMID: 34552111 PMCID: PMC8458283 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98086-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure (ACLF) is associated with innate immune dysfunction and high short-term mortality. Neutrophils have been identified to influence prognosis in ACLF. Neutrophil biology is under-evaluated in ACLF. Therefore, we investigated neutrophil-specific genes and their association with ACLF outcomes. This is an observational study. Enriched granulocytes, containing neutrophils, isolated from study participants in three groups- ACLF(n = 10), chronic liver disease (CLD, n = 4) and healthy controls (HC, n = 4), were analysed by microarray. Differentially expressed genes were identified and validated by qRT-PCR in an independent cohort of ACLF, CLD and HC (n = 30, 15 and 15 respectively). The association of confirmed overexpressed genes with ACLF 28-day non-survivors was investigated. The protein expression of selected neutrophil genes was confirmed using flow cytometry and IHC. Differential gene expression analysis showed 1140 downregulated and 928 upregulated genes for ACLF versus CLD and 2086 downregulated and 1091 upregulated genes for ACLF versus HC. Significant upregulation of neutrophilic inflammatory signatures were found in ACLF compared to CLD and HC. Neutrophil enriched genes ELANE, MPO and CD177 were highly upregulated in ACLF and their expression was higher in ACLF 28-day non-survivors. Elevated expression of CD177 protein on neutrophil surface in ACLF was confirmed by flow cytometry. IHC analysis in archival post mortem liver biopsies showed the presence of CD177+ neutrophils in the liver tissue of ACLF patients. Granulocyte genes ELANE, MPO and CD177 are highly overexpressed in ACLF neutrophils as compared to CLD or HC. Further, this three-gene signature is highly overexpressed in ACLF 28-day non-survivors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohini Saha
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Lab 3002, 3rd floor Teaching Block, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Sai Sanwid Pradhan
- Disease Biology Lab, Department of Biosciences, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Puttaparthi, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Shalimar
- Department of Gastroenterology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Prasenjit Das
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India
| | - Priyanka Mishra
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Lab 3002, 3rd floor Teaching Block, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Rohan Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Lab 3002, 3rd floor Teaching Block, New Delhi, 110029, India
| | - Venketesh Sivaramakrishnan
- Disease Biology Lab, Department of Biosciences, Sri Sathya Sai Institute of Higher Learning, Puttaparthi, Andhra Pradesh, India
| | - Pragyan Acharya
- Department of Biochemistry, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Lab 3002, 3rd floor Teaching Block, New Delhi, 110029, India.
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