1
|
Alotaibi TA, Alkhalifah KM, Alhumaidan NI, Almutiri WA, Alsaleh SK, AlRashdan FM, Almutairi HR, Sabi AY, Almawash AN, Alfaifi MY, Al-Mourgi M. The Benefits of Friendships in Academic Settings: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Cureus 2023; 15:e50946. [PMID: 38249290 PMCID: PMC10800095 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.50946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Friendships can positively impact students' academic performance and grade point average (GPA) by providing emotional support and reducing stress, thereby leading to improved focus and better concentration on studies. Peer connections and friendships often result in collaborative learning and the exchange of academic ideas, improving comprehension and retention of course materials, ultimately leading to higher GPAs. In contrast, negative friendships or excessive social distractions can adversely affect GPA, which highlights the importance of striking a fine balance between social connections and academic responsibilities. This systematic review and meta-analysis adhered to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. It involved a thorough electronic search on PubMed, Ebsco, and Web of Science databases with no time restrictions. We considered studies from various parts of the world, which examined friendships and relations within the academic setting. This review delved into the substantial impact of friendships in academic settings. Friendships foster a supportive environment for collaboration and knowledge-sharing, ultimately enhancing motivation, reducing stress, and improving GPA, thereby contributing to a successful academic experience. While disparities were noted across studies due to geographical variations, study designs, and outcome measures, the majority of them revealed a positive correlation between friendship and academic performance. Some studies highlighted gender-related differences, with male friendships often proving beneficial for academic performance, though this is not a universal rule, as the quality of friendships mostly depends on compatibility rather than gender. To sum up, the extensive review of research underscores the pivotal role of friendships in academic settings, which act as crucial support systems for collaboration, knowledge-sharing, and motivation among students, leading to enhanced academic performance. Despite regional and methodological variations, a consistent positive correlation between friendship and academic success was observed across diverse studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Khalid M Alkhalifah
- Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, SAU
| | - Norah I Alhumaidan
- College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Wijdan A Almutiri
- College of Medicine, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Saad K Alsaleh
- College of Medicine, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, BHR
| | | | - Hadeel R Almutairi
- Unaizah College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Qassim University, Unaizah, SAU
| | - Ahmed Y Sabi
- College of Medicine, Jazan University, Baish, SAU
| | | | - Mayyasah Y Alfaifi
- Medicine and Surgery, King Abdulla Bin Abdulaziz University Hospital, Riyadh, SAU
| | - Majed Al-Mourgi
- Department of Surgery, Medical College, Taif University, Taif, SAU
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Vanluyten K, Cheng S, Roure C, Seghers J, Ward P, Iserbyt P. Participation and physical activity in organized recess tied to physical education in elementary schools: An interventional study. Prev Med Rep 2023; 35:102355. [PMID: 37584060 PMCID: PMC10424207 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Maintaining physical activity habits is important for long-term health benefits. Many children do not achieve the World Health Organization (WHO) benchmark of 60 min Moderate-to-Vigorous Physical Activity (MVPA) daily. Comprehensive school physical activity programs (CSPAP) target all opportunities at school for children to be physically active. The purpose of this intervention study was to investigate boys' and girls' voluntary participation and MVPA in physical activity recess sessions during and after these were connected with the content of physical education. 147 (55 girls, 92 boys; mean age = 8 years) second grade children from seven different schools received a 10-lesson parkour unit in physical education and were concurrently offered five parkour recess sessions. After the parkour unit in physical education (i.e., maintenance) another five parkour sessions in which children could voluntarily participate were organized. Systematic observation tools were used to assess children's MVPA. Overall participation in parkour recess was 64% for both boys and girls. Participation decreased from intervention to maintenance phase for both boys (75% vs 54%; p < .001) and girls (80% vs 49%; p < .001). MVPA was higher for boys compared to girls in parkour recess (64% vs 58%; p = .002) and traditional recess (49% vs 39%; p = .006), but not in physical education (40% vs 37%). One aspect of physical activity promotion is to connect recess activities with the content taught in physical education, which could contribute up to 20% of the daily recommended MVPA. Positive effects maintained when the connection between physical education and recess stopped.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kian Vanluyten
- Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven Belgium
| | - Shu Cheng
- Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven Belgium
| | - Cédric Roure
- University of Teacher Education, Vaud, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Jan Seghers
- Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven Belgium
| | - Phillip Ward
- Department of Human Sciences, The Ohio State University, OH, USA
| | - Peter Iserbyt
- Department of Movement Sciences, KU Leuven, Leuven Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kreinbucher-Bekerle C, Mikosch J. Students' Perspectives on School Sports Trips in the Context of Participation and Democratic Education. Children (Basel) 2023; 10:children10040709. [PMID: 37189958 DOI: 10.3390/children10040709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2023] [Revised: 03/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
School sports trips, as a part of extracurricular physical education (PE), are a very important addition to regular PE, with benefits for not only physical activity behavior, but also for personal development and social inclusion. To better understand the relevance for students, the aim of this study was to look at their perspectives on school sports trips in terms of involvement, active participation, and co-designing opportunities. Therefore, 14 group interviews with 47 students (age: M = 13.9; SD = 0.9 years) were held in three exemplary secondary schools in Austria. The following six topics were derived from a qualitative text analysis: (a) the relevance for the students, (b) the motives for (non-) participation, (c) positive experiences, (d) barriers and challenges, (e) desired changes and ideas of the students, and (f) feedback opportunities. The results indicate that students are highly motivated to put forward their ideas for designing school sports trips in terms of physical activity and social components. This can further be considered for the planning and implementation of extracurricular PE, to make this an enjoyable experience for both students and teachers, promoting the relevance of physical activity in schools and beyond.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Julia Mikosch
- Institute of Human Movement Science, Sport and Health, University of Graz, 8010 Graz, Austria
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Johnson AM, Knell G, Walker TJ, Kroshus E. Differences in American adolescent sport participation during the COVID-19 pandemic by learning mode: A national survey. Prev Med Rep 2023; 32:102151. [PMID: 36820265 PMCID: PMC9933460 DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2023.102151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/18/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to examine the relation between learning mode with sport participation and compare participation prevalence in different settings by learning mode among United States adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic. A cross-sectional, national survey was conducted by a market research company (December 2021-January 2022) among parents whose child participated in sports pre-pandemic. Parents were asked about their child's learning mode (in-person, online, hybrid); sports participation (yes/no) during the pandemic; and participation setting (school, community, club/elite). Weighted logistic regression models examined the relation between learning mode with sport participation. Weighted prevalence estimates of participation setting were compared by learning mode. Among youth included in the analysis (n = 500; Meanage = 14.0 years), 71.0% played sports during the pandemic. Learning mode was significantly associated with participating (versus not participating) among adolescents attending school online (aOR = 0.09; 95% CI: 0.04-0.18) and in a hybrid modality (aOR = 0.30; 95% CI: 0.15-0.58) versus those attending in-person. Those attending school online (versus in-person or hybrid) had significantly lower participation prevalence in community, school, and club/elite sports. Findings may reflect parents opting out of in-person activities or schools canceling organized sport opportunities. To inform engagement strategies, research is needed to understand reasons for declined participation and extent to which participation resumed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ashleigh M. Johnson
- Work conducted while at the Center for Child Health, Behavior, and Development, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA,Corresponding author at: 5499 Aztec Bowl, San Diego, CA 92182, USA.
| | - Gregory Knell
- Department of Epidemiology, Human Genetics, and Environmental Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Dallas, TX, USA,Center for Pediatric Population Health, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Dallas, TX, USA,Children’s Health Andrews Institute for Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Plano, TX, USA
| | - Timothy J. Walker
- Department of Health Promotion & Behavioral Sciences, Center for Health Promotion and Prevention Research, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Emily Kroshus
- Work conducted while at the Center for Child Health, Behavior, and Development, Seattle Children’s Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA,Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Fierro-Suero S, Fernández-Ozcorta EJ, Sáenz-López P. Students’ Motivational and Emotional Experiences in Physical Education across Profiles of Extracurricular Physical Activity: The Influence in the Intention to Be Active. IJERPH 2022; 19:ijerph19159539. [PMID: 35954910 PMCID: PMC9368178 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19159539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
This study examined the relationship between extracurricular physical activity (PA) levels and students’ motivational and emotional experience during physical education (PE) classes and how this psychological experience can predict the intention to be physically active. The sample consisted of 811 Spanish secondary education students (371 boys and 440 girls) aged between 11 and 17 years (M = 13.15, SD = 1.16). Students completed questionnaires about their PA levels, their intention to be physically active, and their motivational and emotional experience during PE classes. A cluster analysis was used to classify the students according to their level of extracurricular PA. Based on a regression analysis, the variables enjoyment, pride, hopelessness, competence, satisfaction, and autonomous motivation played the highest role, predicting the intention to be physically active in the future. Statistical differences were found among the different PA profiles in these variables during the PE classes (MANCOVA). In conclusion, hours of PA outside school have a high relationship with the students’ emotional and motivational experience in their PE classes, which is related with the intention to practise PA in the future. A series of strategies have been proposed at both the institutional level and the teacher level to improve the PE psychological experience of those students who practise less extracurricular PA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sebastián Fierro-Suero
- Faculty of Education, Psychology and Sport Sciences, Universidad de Huelva, Avda. Tres de marzo s/n, 21071 Huelva, Spain;
- Correspondence: (S.F.-S.); (E.J.F.-O.)
| | - Eduardo José Fernández-Ozcorta
- Department of Physical Activity and Sports, Center for University Studies Cardenal Spínola CEU, University of Seville Attached Centre-Spain, 41930 Bormujos, Spain
- Correspondence: (S.F.-S.); (E.J.F.-O.)
| | - Pedro Sáenz-López
- Faculty of Education, Psychology and Sport Sciences, Universidad de Huelva, Avda. Tres de marzo s/n, 21071 Huelva, Spain;
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tamai K, Matsumoto N, Takeuchi A, Nakamura M, Nakamura K, Kageyama M, Washio Y, Tsukahara H, Yorifuji T. Sports participation and preterm birth: a nationwide birth cohort in Japan. Pediatr Res 2022; 92:572-9. [PMID: 34707251 DOI: 10.1038/s41390-021-01808-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 08/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Children born preterm may be less physically active than children born term because of neurocognitive problems, reduced lung function, and poor physical fitness. We evaluated sports participation of children and adolescents who had been born preterm (<37 weeks) and early term (37-38 weeks) in 2001. METHODS Data from a nationwide longitudinal survey (n = 47,015, including 2375 children born preterm) were analyzed. As indicators of sports participation, we used responses to questions about participation in sports clubs at 7 and 10 years old and in extracurricular school sports at 15 years old. RESULTS Children born very preterm (25-31 weeks) and moderately to late preterm (32-36 weeks) were less likely to participate in sports clubs at 7, 10, and 15 years old than children born full term (39-41 weeks). Compared with children born full term, the adjusted risk ratios for participation in extracurricular school sports at 15 years old were 0.86 (95% confidence interval: 0.75-0.98) for children born very preterm, 0.92 (0.88-0.97) for children born moderately to late preterm, and 1.00 (0.98-1.02) for children born early term. CONCLUSIONS Our findings suggest that preterm birth is associated with less participation in organized sports during childhood and adolescence than full-term birth. IMPACT Research investigating associations between preterm birth and physical activity among children born in the 2000s is limited. This study shows that preterm birth was associated with less participation in organized sports during childhood and adolescence than full-term birth, especially in boys, and the participation in organized sports of children born preterm decreased as gestation shortened. During childhood, boys born early term were also less likely to participate in organized sports than boys born full term, suggesting a continuum with preterm births. These findings offer important additional insights into the limited evidence available for predicting future health outcomes for preterm infants.
Collapse
|
7
|
Yoga Ratnam KK, Nik Farid ND, Wong LP, Yakub NA, Abd Hamid MAI, Dahlui M. Exploring the Decisional Drivers of Deviance: A Qualitative Study of Institutionalized Adolescents in Malaysia. Adolescents 2022; 2:86-100. [DOI: 10.3390/adolescents2010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Adolescents who break the law or deviate from social norms are often criminalized as their behavior is perceived as resulting from conscious choices. However, it is likely that such choices result from their circumstances, namely the failure of their proximal environment to safeguard their wellbeing. The purpose of this study was to gain an in-depth understanding of the background variables and choices that led these institutionalized adolescents down the road of deviance. We conducted a qualitative study using semi-structured in-depth interviews, conducted between March and May 2018, with 18 participants aged between 15 to 19 years. Participants were purposefully sampled from various welfare institutions in the states of Kuala Lumpur and Selangor, Malaysia. Audio recordings of interviews were transcribed verbatim and analyzed thematically. We found three core themes, (i) Sources of Distress, (ii) Drivers of Deviance, and (iii) Adjustment Strategies for Coping with Distress, which appeared to have influenced participants’ life trajectories and eventual institutionalization. The findings showed that participants were disadvantaged by backgrounds of risk and vulnerability, characterized by a lack of social support and opportunities for personal development, negative schooling experiences, and negative peer interactions. Substance abuse, which provided a coping strategy for the participants, may have further contributed to their delinquency. Drawing upon the socio ecological model (SEM), we systematically identify interventional opportunities at the individual, community, and policy levels to safeguard the wellbeing of at-risk adolescents. We make recommendations aimed at improving the family dynamics, promoting a healthy schooling experience, and transforming neighborhoods into a safe and nurturing environment.
Collapse
|
8
|
Padmapriya N, Chen B, Goh CMJL, Shek LPC, Chong YS, Tan KH, Chan SY, Yap F, Godfrey KM, Lee YS, Eriksson JG, Bernard JY, Müller-Riemenschneider F. 24-hour movement behaviour profiles and their transition in children aged 5.5 and 8 years - findings from a prospective cohort study. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2021; 18:145. [PMID: 34742314 PMCID: PMC8572484 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-021-01210-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Time spent in movement behaviours, including physical activity (PA), sedentary behaviour (SB) and sleep, across the 24-h day may have distinct health consequences. We aimed to describe 24-h movement behaviour (24 h-MB) profiles in children and how profile membership changed from age 5.5 to 8 years. METHODS Children in the Growing Up in Singapore Towards healthy Outcomes (GUSTO) cohort were asked to wear an accelerometer (ActiGraph-GT3X+) on their wrist for seven consecutive days at ages 5.5 and 8 years to measure 24 h-MB patterns. Time spent in night sleep, inactivity (proxy for SB), light PA, moderate PA (MPA), and vigorous PA (VPA) per day were calculated using the R-package GGIR 2.0. Using latent profile analyses (n = 442) we identified 24 h-MB profiles, which were given animal names to convey key characteristics. Latent transition analyses were used to describe the profile membership transition from ages 5.5 to 8 years. Associations with sex and ethnicity were examined. RESULTS We identified four profiles, "Rabbits" (very high-MPA/VPA, low-inactivity and average-night-sleep), "Chimpanzees" (high-MPA, low-inactivity and average-night-sleep), "Pandas" (low-PA, high-inactivity and high-night-sleep) and "Owls" (low-PA, high-inactivity and low-night-sleep), among children at both time points. At ages 5.5 and 8 years, the majority of children were classified into profiles of "Chimpanzees" (51 and 39%, respectively) and "Pandas" (24 and 37%). Half of the sample (49%), particularly "Rabbits", remained in the same profile at ages 5.5 and 8 years: among children who changed profile the predominant transitions occurred from "Chimpanzees" (27%) and "Owls" (56%) profiles to "Pandas". Sex, but not ethnicity, was associated with profile membership: compared to girls, boys were more likely to be in the "Rabbits" profile (adjusted OR [95% CI]: 3.6 [1.4, 9.7] and 4.5 [1.8, 10.9] at ages 5.5 and 8 years, respectively) and less likely to be in the "Pandas" profile (0.5 [0.3, 0.9] and 0.4 [0.2, 0.6]) at both ages. CONCLUSIONS With increasing age about half the children stayed in the same of four 24 h-MB profiles, while the predominant transition for the remaining children was towards lower PA, higher inactivity and longer sleep duration. These findings can aid development and implementation of public health strategies to promote better health. STUDY REGISTRATION This study was registered on 4th August 2010 and is available online at ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01174875 .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Natarajan Padmapriya
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology and Human Potential Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 12 Science Drive 2, MD1 Tahir Foundation Building, Level 12, Singapore, 117549, Singapore.
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Bozhi Chen
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Lynette Pei Chi Shek
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Yap Seng Chong
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology and Human Potential Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 12 Science Drive 2, MD1 Tahir Foundation Building, Level 12, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kok Hian Tan
- KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shiao-Yng Chan
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology and Human Potential Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 12 Science Drive 2, MD1 Tahir Foundation Building, Level 12, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fabian Yap
- KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore, Singapore
- Duke-National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Keith M Godfrey
- Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK
- NIHR Southampton Biomedical Research Centre, University of Southampton and University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK
| | - Yung Seng Lee
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Department of Paediatrics, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Khoo Teck Puat-National University Children's Medical Institute, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Johan G Eriksson
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology and Human Potential Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 12 Science Drive 2, MD1 Tahir Foundation Building, Level 12, Singapore, 117549, Singapore
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki and Folkhälsan Research Center, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jonathan Y Bernard
- Singapore Institute for Clinical Sciences, Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore, Singapore
- Université de Paris, Centre for Research in Epidemiology and StatisticS (CRESS), Inserm, Inrae, F-75004, Paris, France
| | - Falk Müller-Riemenschneider
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
- Berlin Institute of Health, Charite University Medical Centre, Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Burns KE, Chaurasia A, Carson V, Leatherdale ST. Examining If Changes in the Type of School-Based Intramural Programs Affect Youth Physical Activity over Time: A Natural Experiment Evaluation. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021; 18:ijerph18052752. [PMID: 33803119 PMCID: PMC7967481 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18052752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 02/26/2021] [Accepted: 03/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
(1) School-based physical activity programs such as intramurals provide youth with inclusive opportunities to be physically active, yet we know little about how types of intramurals (e.g., team and individual sports) may contribute to youth MVPA. This research aims to evaluate how real-world changes in types of intramurals available in schools impact youth physical activity over time. (2) This study used three years of longitudinal school- and student-level data from Ontario schools participating in year 5 (2016–2017), year 6 (2017–2018) and year 7 (2018–2019) of the COMPASS study. Data on types of intramural programs from 55 schools were obtained, baseline demographic characteristics were measured and data on physical activity and sport participation were collected on a sample of 4417 students. Hierarchical linear mixed regression models were used to estimate how changes in the type of intramurals associate with youth MVPA over time. (3) Regardless of participation, adding individual and team intramurals was significantly and positively associated with female MVPA in Y6. (4) The indirect, but positive relationship between adding individual and team intramurals and female MVPA may be explained by other characteristics of the school environment that are conducive to female MVPA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kathleen E. Burns
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada; (A.C.); (S.T.L.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Ashok Chaurasia
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada; (A.C.); (S.T.L.)
| | - Valerie Carson
- Faculty of Kinesiology, Sport, and Recreation, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2R3, Canada;
| | - Scott T. Leatherdale
- School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON N2L 3G1, Canada; (A.C.); (S.T.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Coppens E, De Meester A, Deconinck FJA, De Martelaer K, Haerens L, Bardid F, Lenoir M, D'Hondt E. Differences in Weight Status and Autonomous Motivation towards Sports among Children with Various Profiles of Motor Competence and Organized Sports Participation. Children (Basel) 2021; 8:156. [PMID: 33670830 DOI: 10.3390/children8020156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed (1) to identify profiles in children based on actual motor competence (AMC), perceived motor competence (PMC), and organized sports participation (OSP), and (2) to examine differences among these profiles in weight status as well as autonomous motivation towards sports. Children’s (N = 206; 112 boys; Mage = 10.83 ± 0.92 years) AMC, PMC, OSP, weight status, and autonomous motivation towards sports were measured using validated assessment tools. Cluster analyses identified three profiles with completely convergent levels of AMC, PMC, and OSP and three profiles with partially convergent levels. Children in the convergent profiles with average to high levels of AMC, PMC, and OSP had the most optimal profile, as they combined a healthier weight status with elevated levels of autonomous motivation, while the opposite was true for children with low levels on all three cluster-variables. Partially convergent profiles showed that AMC and PMC appear crucial for weight status, as profiles with relatively low levels of AMC and PMC had the highest weight status, independent of their OSP levels. Overall, the findings highlight the importance of promoting AMC, PMC, and OSP simultaneously to help children in achieving a healthy weight status and being autonomously motivated towards OSP.
Collapse
|
11
|
Hyde ET, Omura JD, Fulton JE, Lee SM, Piercy KL, Carlson SA. Disparities in Youth Sports Participation in the U.S., 2017-2018. Am J Prev Med 2020; 59:e207-e210. [PMID: 32741540 DOI: 10.1016/j.amepre.2020.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In 2019, the National Youth Sports Strategy was released and called for regular analysis, interpretation, and dissemination of U.S. youth sports surveillance data. The purpose of this study is to provide the recent national estimates of U.S. youth aged 6-17 years who participate in sports and examine the differences in participation by demographic characteristics, overall and across age groups. METHODS Nationally representative data on parent-reported youth sports participation from the 2017-2018 National Survey of Children's Health (n=36,779) were analyzed in 2019. The prevalence and 95% CIs of youth sports participation were estimated by demographic characteristics, overall and by age group. Investigators assessed the significant (p<0.05) differences and trends in participation using pairwise t-tests and orthogonal polynomial contrasts and effect modification by age group using logistic regression models. RESULTS Overall, 57.7% (95% CI=56.6, 58.9) of U.S. youth participated in sports. Participation was highest among youth who were aged 10-13 years, male, and white, non-Hispanic and increased with increasing parent/caregiver education and household income (all p<0.05). Differences in participation by demographic characteristics were more pronounced among younger youth. For example, prevalence by household income level ranged from 32.7% to 79.9% among children aged 6-9 years and from 41.6% to 67.2% among youth aged 14-17 years. CONCLUSIONS Although nearly 6 in 10 U.S. youth participate in sports, substantial disparities exist, especially among younger children. Identifying and overcoming the barriers may help increase youth sports participation in the U.S.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric T Hyde
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and Education Research Participation Program, Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
| | - John D Omura
- Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Janet E Fulton
- Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Sarah M Lee
- Division of Population Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Katrina L Piercy
- Office of Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health, Rockville, Maryland
| | - Susan A Carlson
- Division of Nutrition, Physical Activity, and Obesity, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Aoyagi K, Ishii K, Shibata A, Arai H, Fukamachi H, Oka K. A qualitative investigation of the factors perceived to influence student motivation for school-based extracurricular sports participation in Japan. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/02673843.2019.1700139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Kenryu Aoyagi
- College of Economics, Kanto Gakuin University , Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Kaori Ishii
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University , Saitama, Japan
| | - Ai Shibata
- Faculty of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba , Ibaraki, Japan
| | | | - Hanako Fukamachi
- Japan Sport Association, JAPAN SPORT OLYMPIC SQUARE , Tokyo, Japan
| | - Koichiro Oka
- Faculty of Sport Sciences, Waseda University , Saitama, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Coolkens R, Ward P, Seghers J, Iserbyt P. Effects of Generalization of Engagement in Parkour from Physical Education to Recess on Physical Activity. Res Q Exerc Sport 2018; 89:429-439. [PMID: 30289360 DOI: 10.1080/02701367.2018.1521912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the effect of generalization of engagement in parkour from physical education (PE) to organized and supervised recess on voluntary participation and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA). METHOD Children received a 6-day parkour unit in PE and every two lessons they could voluntarily participate in 20-min parkour recess. Fourteen elementary school classes constituting 281 children (8-10 years old) and 16 PE teachers were randomized to either three supervised or three organized parkour recess sessions. During supervised recess, PE teachers supervised to ensure safety, and children could play freely on the parkour landscape. During organized recess, PE teachers provided instructional tasks as well as supervision for safety on the parkour landscape. The parkour landscape in the gymnasium was identical in both recess conditions and similar to previous parkour landscape in PE. Participation and MVPA were measured using systematic observation. RESULTS Significantly more children from organized compared to supervised recess participated in all three sessions (60% vs. 43%, p = .008, V = .16). Children showed significantly less sedentary behavior (24% vs. 30%, p = .013, η2 = .063) and more MVPA (76% vs. 70%, p = .012, η2 = .066) during organized compared to supervised recess. The proportion of total MVPA spent doing parkour was significantly higher in organized compared to supervised recess for low- (36% vs. 24%, p = .005, η2 = .082) and high-skilled children (33% vs. 26%, p = .034, η2 = .048). CONCLUSION Generalization of engagement in parkour was higher in organized compared to supervised recess.
Collapse
|
14
|
Coolkens R, Ward P, Seghers J, Iserbyt P. The Effect of Organized Versus Supervised Recess on Elementary School Children’s Participation, Physical Activity, Play, and Social Behavior: A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial. J Phys Act Health 2018; 15:747-54. [DOI: 10.1123/jpah.2017-0591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Background: Recess strategies that increase children’s physical activity and contribute to the daily 60 minutes of moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) are recommended. Methods: A cluster randomized trial was conducted to examine the effect of supervised versus organized recess on children’s participation, physical activity, play, and social behavior. In supervised recess, children were free to play, and physical education (PE) teachers ensured safety. In organized recess, PE teachers provided challenging tasks. Data were collected using systematic observation. Children (N = 281; 8–10 y) from 14 schools received a 6-day parkour unit in PE and three opportunities to participate in a 20-minute parkour recess. Schools were randomized over a supervised and organized parkour recess condition. Results: The majority of children participated in parkour recess (range = 56%–85%), with more boys participating in all 3 organized versus supervised recess sessions (57% vs 35%, P = .01). Boys spent more time in MVPA during organized recess (79% vs 71%, P = .02). Boys and girls spent more time in activity games during organized recess (59% vs 46%, P = .01; 59% vs 47%, P = .001). Conclusion: Organized recess attracted more children and made the largest contribution to daily MVPA.
Collapse
|
15
|
CAIRNEY JOHN, BULTEN RHEANNA, KING-DOWLING SARA, ARBOUR-NICITOPOULOS KELLY. A Longitudinal Study of the Effect of Organized Physical Activity on Free Active Play. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2018; 50:1772-1779. [DOI: 10.1249/mss.0000000000001633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
16
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Numerous studies have detailed the physical health benefits of children's participation in sport and a growing body of research also highlights the benefits for mental health. Children who participate in sport have also been shown to be advantaged academically. However, despite the benefits there is evidence that children are leading increasingly sedentary lifestyles and are at greater risk of chronic disease than those with active lifestyles. Sport provides an important means for children to achieve their recommended amount of daily physical activity. This systematic review asks 'what are those barriers to children's participation in sport?' METHODS Literature searches were carried out in June 2015 using; EMBASE, Medline, CINAHL and SportDiscus using the search terms barrier*, stop*, prevent*, participat*, taking part, Sports/, sport*, "physical education", PE, child*, young person*, adolescen*. These were supplemented with hand searches. A total of 3434 records were identified of which 22 were suitable for inclusion in the review, two additional studies were identified from Google Scholar in November 2016. Both qualitative and quantitative studies were included. Study's included in the review assessed children up to 18 years of age. Study quality was assessed using Critical Appraisal Skills Programme (CASP) tools. RESULTS Studies took place in the school environment (n = 14), sports club (n = 1), community setting (n = 8) and adolescent care setting (n = 1). Frequently reported barriers across quantitative studies were 'time' (n = 4), 'cost' (n = 3), 'opportunity/accessibility' (n = 3) and 'friends' (n = 2). Frequently reported barriers across qualitative studies were 'time' (n = 6), 'cost' (n = 5), 'not being good at sport' (n = 6) and 'fear of being judged/embarrassed' (n = 6). CONCLUSION Policy makers, parents and teachers should all be aware that 'cost' and 'time' are key barriers to participation in sport. More local sports opportunities are needed where costs are reduced. Schools and local clubs could better work together to provide more affordable local opportunities to increase children's participation in sport.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Somerset
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Ropewalk House, 113 The Ropewalk, Nottingham, NG1 5DU, England.
- Otology and Hearing Group, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, England.
| | - Derek J Hoare
- National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Ropewalk House, 113 The Ropewalk, Nottingham, NG1 5DU, England
- Otology and Hearing Group, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, NG7 2UH, England
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
López-Vicente M, Tiemeier H, Wildeboer A, Muetzel RL, Verhulst FC, Jaddoe VWV, Sunyer J, White T. Cortical Structures Associated With Sports Participation in Children: A Population-Based Study. Dev Neuropsychol 2017; 42:58-69. [DOI: 10.1080/87565641.2017.1309654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mónica López-Vicente
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health-ISGloba, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Epidemiología y Prevención de Salud Ambiental y Laboral, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Respiratory Health, Air Pollution, Childhood Development, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Henning Tiemeier
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus Medical Centre-Sophia, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Centre-Sophia, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Centre-Sophia, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Andrea Wildeboer
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus Medical Centre-Sophia, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Centre-Sophia, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ryan L. Muetzel
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus Medical Centre-Sophia, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Centre-Sophia, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Frank C. Verhulst
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus Medical Centre-Sophia, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Centre-Sophia, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Vincent W. V. Jaddoe
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Centre-Sophia, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Centre-Sophia, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jordi Sunyer
- Barcelona Institute for Global Health-ISGloba, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Department of Experimental and Health Sciences, Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
- Epidemiología y Prevención de Salud Ambiental y Laboral, CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
- Respiratory Health, Air Pollution, Childhood Development, Hospital del Mar Medical Research Institute (IMIM), Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain
| | - Tonya White
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus Medical Centre-Sophia, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Centre-Sophia, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology, Erasmus Medical Centre-Sophia, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Willem A, De Rycke J, Theeboom M. The Role of Autonomous and Controlled Motivation in Exercise Intentions of Participants in a Mass Cycling Event. Front Psychol 2017; 8:354. [PMID: 28360871 PMCID: PMC5352708 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: This study used self-determination theory to examine the role of participants' autonomous and controlled motivation to exercise and to participate in a challenging mass cycling event and investigated whether the event enhanced intended and actual exercise behavior among the participants. Method: Two hundred and twenty-eight subjects, having participated in the cycling event, completed a questionnaire shortly after the event and again 4 months later. The questionnaire measured self-reported cycling and exercise activity, training in preparation of the event, motivation to participate in the event, motivation to exercise, and future exercise intentions due to the event. Results: Results showed that most participants were very active in cycling and other sports. The expected positive effect of autonomous motivation on exercise intentions and behavior could not be confirmed in our study. Multiple regression analyses revealed that the event had an enhancing effect on exercise intentions shortly after the event among participants that scored higher on controlled motivation to exercise (β = 0.15) and to participate (β = 0.15); also, participants were more satisfied with the event (β = 0.19) and had followed a preparation program before the event (β = 0.15). However, intentions and exercise behavior distinctively dropped 4 months after the event. Conclusions: Events aiming to enhance their participants' exercise behavior need to attract less active participants and need to make additional efforts to prevent relapse in intentions and exercise behavior.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annick Willem
- Movement and Sport Sciences, Ghent University Ghent, Belgium
| | - Jens De Rycke
- Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel Brussels, Belgium
| | - Marc Theeboom
- Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel Brussels, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Evans MB, Allan V, Erickson K, Martin LJ, Budziszewski R, Côté J. Are all sport activities equal? A systematic review of how youth psychosocial experiences vary across differing sport activities. Br J Sports Med 2016; 51:169-176. [DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2016-096725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
20
|
D'Haese S, Gheysen F, De Bourdeaudhuij I, Deforche B, Van Dyck D, Cardon G. The moderating effect of psychosocial factors in the relation between neighborhood walkability and children's physical activity. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2016; 13:128. [PMID: 27938390 PMCID: PMC5148905 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-016-0452-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2016] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The study aimed to investigate if psychosocial factors moderate the association between objective walkability and different domains of children’s physical activity (PA). A second aim of the study was to investigate the direct associations between psychosocial factors and children’s PA. Based on previous literature, it was hypothesized that walkability would be more strongly related to PA among children with negative psychosocial profiles. Methods Data were collected between December 2011 and May 2013 as part of the Belgian Environmental Physical Activity Study in children (BEPAS-child). In total, data from 494 children and one of their parents were included in the study. Children wore an accelerometer for 7 consecutive days and together with one of their parents, they completed the Flemish Physical Activity Questionnaire. Parents filled out a questionnaire concerning their child’s psychosocial factors toward PA (i.e. parental attitude toward their child’s PA, parental social norm toward their child’s PA, parental support, friend support, children’s self-efficacy, and perceived benefits and barriers toward sports and PA). Neighborhood walkability was calculated using geographical information systems (GIS). Multilevel cross-classified analyses were conducted. Results Of the 42 investigated interactions between neighborhood walkability and psychosocial factors in relation to PA among children, only 7 significant interactions were found of which 3 were only significant among children from low-income neighborhoods. Parental support and self-efficacy were positive correlates of children’s PA in high- and low-income neighborhoods independent of the level of walkability, but effect sizes were small. Conclusions The hypothesis that walkability would be more strongly related to PA among children with negative psychosocial profiles could not be confirmed and in general, psychosocial factors and objective walkability did not interact in relation to children’s PA. Focusing on parental support and self-efficacy towards PA can possibly cause small effects on children’s PA in both high- and low-walkable neighborhoods, as well as in high- and low-income neighborhoods. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12966-016-0452-0) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara D'Haese
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.,Research Foundation Flanders (FWO), Egmontstraat 5, Brussels, 1000, Belgium
| | - Freja Gheysen
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Ilse De Bourdeaudhuij
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, 9000, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Benedicte Deforche
- Department of Public Health, Ghent University, De Pintelaan 185, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.,Department of Human Biometrics and Biomechanics, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Delfien Van Dyck
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, 9000, Ghent, Belgium. .,Research Foundation Flanders (FWO), Egmontstraat 5, Brussels, 1000, Belgium.
| | - Greet Cardon
- Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Jago R, Edwards MJ, Sebire SJ, Tomkinson K, Bird EL, Banfield K, May T, Kesten JM, Cooper AR, Powell JE, Blair PS. Effect and cost of an after-school dance programme on the physical activity of 11-12 year old girls: The Bristol Girls Dance Project, a school-based cluster randomised controlled trial. Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act 2015; 12:128. [PMID: 26437720 PMCID: PMC4595057 DOI: 10.1186/s12966-015-0289-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 09/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of this study was to examine the effectiveness and cost of an after-school dance intervention at increasing the physical activity levels of Year 7 girls (age 11–12). Methods A cluster randomised controlled trial was conducted in 18 secondary schools. Participants were Year 7 girls attending a study school. The Bristol Girls Dance Project (BGDP) intervention consisted of up to forty, 75-minute dance sessions delivered in the period immediately after school by experienced dance instructors over 20-weeks. The pre-specified primary outcome was accelerometer assessed mean minutes of weekday moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) at time 2 (52 weeks are T0 baseline assessments). Secondary outcomes included accelerometer assessed mean minutes of weekday MVPA at time 1 (while the intervention was still running) and psychosocial outcomes. Intervention costs were assessed. Results 571 girls participated. Valid accelerometer data were collected from 549 girls at baseline with 508 girls providing valid accelerometer data at baseline and time 2. There were no differences between the intervention and control group for accelerometer assessed physical activity at either time 1 or time 2. Only one third of the girls in the intervention arm met the pre-set adherence criteria of attending two thirds of the dance sessions that were available to them. Instrumental variable regression analyses using complier average causal effects provided no evidence of a difference between girls who attended the sessions and the control group. The average cost of the intervention was £73 per girl, which was reduced to £63 when dance instructor travel expenses were excluded. Conclusion This trial showed no evidence that an after-school dance programme can increase the physical activity of Year 7 girls. The trial highlighted the difficulty encountered in maintaining attendance in physical activity programmes delivered in secondary schools. There is a need to find new ways to help adolescent girls to be physically active via identifying ways to support and encourage sustained engagement in physical activity over the life course. Trial registration ISRCTN52882523 Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12966-015-0289-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Russell Jago
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, 8 Priory Road, Bristol, BS8 1TZ, UK.
| | - Mark J Edwards
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, 8 Priory Road, Bristol, BS8 1TZ, UK.
| | - Simon J Sebire
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, 8 Priory Road, Bristol, BS8 1TZ, UK.
| | - Keeley Tomkinson
- Bristol Randomised Trials Collaboration, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK.
| | - Emma L Bird
- Health and Social Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK.
| | - Kathryn Banfield
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, 8 Priory Road, Bristol, BS8 1TZ, UK.
| | - Thomas May
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, 8 Priory Road, Bristol, BS8 1TZ, UK. .,Health and Social Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK.
| | - Joanna M Kesten
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, 8 Priory Road, Bristol, BS8 1TZ, UK.
| | - Ashley R Cooper
- Centre for Exercise, Nutrition and Health Sciences, School for Policy Studies, University of Bristol, 8 Priory Road, Bristol, BS8 1TZ, UK.
| | - Jane E Powell
- Health and Social Sciences, University of the West of England, Bristol, UK.
| | - Peter S Blair
- Bristol Randomised Trials Collaboration, School of Social and Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS8 2PS, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
22
|
De Baere S, Lefevre J, De Martelaer K, Philippaerts R, Seghers J. Temporal patterns of physical activity and sedentary behavior in 10-14 year-old children on weekdays. BMC Public Health 2015; 15:791. [PMID: 26285826 PMCID: PMC4545696 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-015-2093-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2015] [Accepted: 07/24/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background An important but often ignored aspect of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) is the chronological succession of activities, or temporal pattern. The main purposes of this study were (1) to investigate when certain types of PA and SB compete against each other during the course of the day and (2) compare intensity- and domain-specific activity levels during different day-segments. Methods The study sample consists of 211 children aged 10–14, recruited from 15 primary and 15 secondary schools. PA was assessed combining the SenseWear Mini Armband (SWM) with an electronic activity diary. The intensity- and domain-specific temporal patterns were plotted and PA differences between different day-segments (i.e., morning, school, early evening and late evening) were examined using repeated-measures ANCOVA models. Results Physical activity level (PAL) was highest during the early evening (2.51 METSWM) and school hours (2.49 METSWM); the late evening segment was significantly less active (2.21 METSWM) and showed the highest proportion of sedentary time (54 % of total time-use). Throughout the different day-segments, several domains of PA and SB competed with each other. During the critical early-evening segment, screentime (12 % of time-use) and homework (10 %) were dominant compared to activity domains of sports (4 %) and active leisure (3 %). The domain of active travel competed directly with motor travel during the morning (5 % and 6 % respectively) and early-evening segment (both 8 %). Conclusions Throughout the day, different aspects of PA and SB go in competition with each other, especially during the time period immediately after school. Detailed information on the temporal patterns of PA and SB of children could help health professionals to develop more effective PA interventions and promotion strategies. By making adaptations to the typical day schedule of children (e.g., through the introduction of extra-curricular PA after school hours), their daily activity levels might improve. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12889-015-2093-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stijn De Baere
- Department of Kinesiology, KU Leuven, Tervuursevest 101, 3001, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Johan Lefevre
- Department of Kinesiology, KU Leuven, Tervuursevest 101, 3001, Leuven, Belgium.
| | - Kristine De Martelaer
- Faculty of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050, Brussels, Belgium.
| | - Renaat Philippaerts
- Department of Movement and Sports Sciences, Ghent University, Watersportlaan 2, 9000, Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Jan Seghers
- Department of Kinesiology, KU Leuven, Tervuursevest 101, 3001, Leuven, Belgium.
| |
Collapse
|