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Hainisch EK, Jindra C, Kirnbauer R, Brandt S. Papillomavirus-like Particles in Equine Medicine. Viruses 2023; 15:v15020345. [PMID: 36851559 PMCID: PMC9966523 DOI: 10.3390/v15020345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Papillomaviruses (PVs) are a family of small DNA tumor viruses that can induce benign lesions or cancer in vertebrates. The observation that animal PV capsid-proteins spontaneously self-assemble to empty, highly immunogenic virus-like particles (VLPs) has led to the establishment of vaccines that efficiently protect humans from specific PV infections and associated diseases. We provide an overview of PV-induced tumors in horses and other equids, discuss possible routes of PV transmission in equid species, and present recent developments aiming at introducing the PV VLP-based vaccine technology into equine medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edmund K. Hainisch
- Research Group Oncology (RGO), Clinical Unit of Equine Surgery, Department for Companion Animals and Horses, Veterinary University, 1210 Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Jindra
- Research Group Oncology (RGO), Clinical Unit of Equine Surgery, Department for Companion Animals and Horses, Veterinary University, 1210 Vienna, Austria
- Division of Molecular Oncology and Haematology, Karl Landsteiner University of Health Sciences, 3500 Krems an der Donau, Austria
| | - Reinhard Kirnbauer
- Laboratory of Viral Oncology (LVO), Department of Dermatology, Medical University, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sabine Brandt
- Research Group Oncology (RGO), Clinical Unit of Equine Surgery, Department for Companion Animals and Horses, Veterinary University, 1210 Vienna, Austria
- Correspondence:
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Hassanien RT, Hamdy ME, Elnomrosy SM, Hussein HA, Afify AF, Darwish FM, Shehab G, Emran R, Abd-El-Moniem MII, Habashi AR, Fahmy HA, Ibraheem EM, Shahein MA, Attya M, Abdelhakim AMM, Hagag NM. Molecular characterization and pathological identification of a novel strain of delta papillomavirus-4 (bovine papillomavirus-2) in Egypt. Vet World 2021; 14:2296-2305. [PMID: 34840446 PMCID: PMC8613773 DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2021.2296-2305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Aim: Bovine papillomaviruses (BPV) are a heterogeneous group of oncoviruses, distributed globally, which produce major economic losses. In the current study, we compared the results of different diagnostic approaches and compared the strains identified in this study with previously characterized strains at local and international levels. Materials and Methods: Samples of skin warts were collected from five bovines with generalized papillomatosis from two Egyptian provinces, Menya and Ismailia, in 2020. Electron microscopy, molecular characterization, histopathological, and immunohistochemical examination were performed. Results: BPV was detected using electron microscopy in the collected samples. Using molecular characterization, BPV-2 was successfully identified for 1st time in Egypt. The strain has 99.6% identity with the BPV-2 reference strains obtained from GenBank. These results were supported by histopathology and immunohistochemistry examination. Partial nucleotide sequences of the L1 gene were submitted to GenBank with accession numbers MW289843 and MW289844. Conclusion: BPV-2 was reported for 1st time in the current study. The strain was identified grossly, microscopically, and pathologically and confirmed using molecular approaches. All results were consistent. The sequence analysis revealed that this strain has high sequence similarity to the reference Deltapapillomavirus-4, BPV-2 strains from Brazil and China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rabab T Hassanien
- Department of Virology Research, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), 12618 Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mervat E Hamdy
- Genome Research Unit, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), 12618 Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Sara M Elnomrosy
- Genome Research Unit, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), 12618 Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Heba A Hussein
- Department of Virology Research, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), 12618 Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed F Afify
- Department of Virology Research, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), 12618 Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Fatma M Darwish
- Department of Pathology Research, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), 12618 Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Gehan Shehab
- Department of Pathology Research, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), 12618 Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Rawhya Emran
- Department of Pathology Research, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), 12618 Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mervat I I Abd-El-Moniem
- Department of Virology Research, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), 12618 Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Ahmed R Habashi
- Department of Virology Research, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), 12618 Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Hanan A Fahmy
- Department of Biotechnology Research, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), 12618 Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Essam M Ibraheem
- Department of Pathology Research, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), 12618 Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Momtaz A Shahein
- Department of Virology Research, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), 12618 Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Attya
- General Organization of Veterinary Services, Dokki, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Naglaa M Hagag
- Genome Research Unit, Animal Health Research Institute, Agriculture Research Center (ARC), 12618 Dokki, Giza, Egypt
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Jindra C, Hainisch EK, Rümmele A, Wolschek M, Muster T, Brandt S. Influenza virus vector iNS1 expressing bovine papillomavirus 1 (BPV1) antigens efficiently induces tumour regression in equine sarcoid patients. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0260155. [PMID: 34797850 PMCID: PMC8604313 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Bovine papillomaviruses types 1 and 2 (BPV1, BPV2) commonly induce skin tumours termed sarcoids in horses and other equids. Sarcoids seriously compromise the health and welfare of affected individuals due to their propensity to resist treatment and reoccur in a more severe form. We have developed influenza (Flu) A and B virus vectors that harbour a truncated NS1 gene (iNS) assuring interferon induction and co-express shuffled BPV1 E6 and E7 antigens for sarcoid immunotherapy. In a safety trial involving 12 healthy horses, intradermal administration of iNSA/E6E7equ and iNSB/E6E7equ was well tolerated, with the only transient side effect being mild fever in four horses. Repeated screening of secretions and faeces by RT-PCR and plaque assay revealed no virus shedding, thus also confirming biological safety. In a patient trial involving 29 horses bearing BPV1-induced single or multiple sarcoids, at least one lesion per horse was intratumourally injected and then boosted with iNSA/E6E7equ and/or iNSB/E6E7equ. The treatment induced a systemic antitumour response as reflected by the synchronous regression of injected and non-injected lesions. Irrespective of vaccination schemes, complete tumour regression was achieved in 10/29 horses. In 10/29 horses, regression is still ongoing (May 2021). Intriguingly, scrapings collected from former tumour sites in two patients tested negative by BPV1 PCR. Nine severely affected individuals with a history of unsuccessful therapeutic attempts did not (6/29) or only transiently (3/29) respond to the treatment. INSA/E6E7equ and iNSB/E6E7equ proved safe and effective in significantly reducing the tumour burden even in severe cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Jindra
- Department of Companion Animals and Horses, Division of Equine Surgery, Research Group Oncology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Edmund K. Hainisch
- Department of Companion Animals and Horses, Division of Equine Surgery, Research Group Oncology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Andrea Rümmele
- Department of Companion Animals and Horses, Division of Equine Surgery, Research Group Oncology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | | | | | - Sabine Brandt
- Department of Companion Animals and Horses, Division of Equine Surgery, Research Group Oncology, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
- * E-mail:
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Peng H, Wu C, Li J, Li C, Chen Z, Pei Z, Tao L, Gong Y, Pan Y, Bai H, Ma C, Feng S. Detection and genomic characterization of Bovine papillomavirus isolated from Chinese native cattle. Transbound Emerg Dis 2019; 66:2197-2203. [PMID: 31269541 DOI: 10.1111/tbed.13285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Bovine papillomaviruses (BPV) are small circular DNA viruses which can be widely spread in herd, inducing cattle tumours, therefore, leading economic losses in dairy and beef production industries. BPV-leads symptoms include cutaneous papillomas, fibropapillomas, urinary bladder and oesophageal carcinoma. As one of the most important producers of beef in the world, China has not provided systematic research to prevent the harm of BPV, particularly in papillomavirus molecular characterization which presents among Chinese native cattle which was known to have higher disease resistance. In this study, skin papilloma was observed and samples were collected following by histopathological analysis. We analysed all neoplasms samples and reviewed their degrees in acanthosis and/or hyperkeratosis. Full-length genomic sequencing was applied for all four isolated strains (JX180408, LA150909, HX160815, and BS160810) to exploring the molecular reason why BPV currently prevalent in Chinese native cattle. As a result, we identified that these four isolates were classified as BPV-1 and clustered into the Deltapapillomavirus genera. Our study also identified that BPV 1 isolates from Chinese indigenous cattle breeds belong to subtypes A which has a closer genetic background compare with their common ancestor and suggest it can be a more ancestral species. European isolates more recently diverged group (group B) contained almost exclusively European samples. In this study, we analysed the similarity of ORF between Chinese isolated BPV 1 and BPV 1 reference strains and listed results. This study provides the complete genomic characterization of BPVs circulating in Chinese native cattle breeds for the first time, which provide a detailed description of how diverse strains may cause skin tumour among Chinese local breed cattle therefore critical for further epidemiological study of relevant diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Peng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, China
| | - Cuilan Wu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, China
| | - Jun Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, China
| | - Changting Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, China.,Institute of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Zhongwei Chen
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, China
| | - Zhe Pei
- The City College of New York, New York, NY, USA
| | - Li Tao
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, China
| | - Yu Gong
- Animal Science and Technology Station of Guizhou, Guiyang, China
| | - Yan Pan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, China
| | - Huili Bai
- Institute of Animal Science and Technology, Guangxi University, Nanning, China
| | - Chunxia Ma
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, China
| | - Shiwen Feng
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Veterinary Biotechnology, Guangxi Veterinary Research Institute, Nanning, China
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