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L A, Krishna Kumar J, Shanmugam R. Formulation of Quercetin Mouthwash and Anti-microbial Potential Against Critical Pathogens: An In-Vitro Evaluation. Cureus 2024; 16:e51688. [PMID: 38314006 PMCID: PMC10838391 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction Herbal mouthwashes were designed and prepared using essential oils from phytotherapeutic plants, containing active agents such as catechins, tannins, and sterols. Quercetin is one of the most abundant natural flavonoids predominantly found in foods including fruits, and vegetables. It has wide biological effects such as antioxidant, anti-aging, anti-inflammatory, probiotic, and metabolic modulation activities. Research has pointed toward its anti-microbial efficacy and bio-compatibility. Materials and methods A sample of commercially available Himalaya Hiora mouthwash (control) and 0.02 mg of Quercetin (test sample) that is sold commercially were procured. Next, 0.01 grams of sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS), which serves as the foaming agent, 0.001 grams of preservative (sodium methylparaben), and 0.3 grams of sucrose, the sweetening agent, were added to the test sample to formulate the mouthwash. We added 0.5 milliliters of the prepared Quercetin solution to the mixture. The effectiveness of the Quercetin mouthwash formulation as an antimicrobial was evaluated using the Agar-Well Diffusion Method against five oral pathogens and compared to the Hiora mouthwash. Results On quantifying the zone of inhibition, it was observed that at 100 μL of concentration, Staphylococcus aureus shows maximum inhibition rate, i.e., 15 mm when compared to commercially available herbal mouthwash (Himalaya Hiora). Thus, from the results obtained, we found that when concentration increases there is a significant zone of inhibition shown by oral pathogens. Conclusion Quercetin mouthwash formulation has proven to have a good antimicrobial effect when compared to standard mouthwash. The effective antimicrobial activity suggests its potential use as an adjuvant chemical plaque control modality. Further clinical trials would pave the way for its use as a routine or therapeutic antimicrobial agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshayaa L
- Public Health Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Jishnu Krishna Kumar
- Community Dentistry, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Rajeshkumar Shanmugam
- Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
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Hashemi SS, Pakdin A, Mohammadi A, Keshavarzi A, Mortazavi M, Sanati P. Study the Effect of Calendula officinalis Extract Loaded on Zinc Oxide Nanoparticle Cream in Burn Wound Healing. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2023; 15:59269-59279. [PMID: 38085997 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c17350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
The skin, the body's largest organ, acts as a protective barrier against pathogens and environmental damage. Skin burns can result from heat, chemicals, friction, or electricity. Nanoscience has recently been utilized to create ointments and creams for burns. Zinc oxide nanoparticles are crucial due to their antimicrobial and antioxidant properties. In this study, a cream containing nanoparticles was loaded with calendula extract, and its ability to promote tissue healing was investigated in Wistar rats with skin burns. The zinc oxide nanoparticles were chemically synthesized and loaded with calendula extract. The morphology and physicochemical properties of the nanoparticles were confirmed by SEM, ZETA size, XRD, and FTIR assays. The MTT technique was employed to assess the cream's impact on fibroblast growth. The antimicrobial activity of the nanoparticles was investigated against Pseudomonas using the MIC method. Real-time PCR was used to determine the expression of the Bax and Bcl-2 genes in aeruginosa. The results showed that zinc oxide nanoparticles at high concentrations increased the proliferation of the fibroblast cells. Histopathological studies showed granulation and epithelialization of the tissue without any hemorrhage or tissue infection during the first days of treatment with this cream. The animal models treated with the cream showed an increase in Bcl-2 gene expression and a decrease in Bax expression. We concluded that zinc oxide nanoparticles loaded with calendula extract have a practical effect in healing burn wounds due to their unique antibacterial properties of zinc oxide nanoparticles and their anti-inflammatory and wound-healing effects. The synergistic effect of these two substances significantly improved the healing process. This newly developed cream can be introduced as a successful and viable treatment option in burn wounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyedeh-Sara Hashemi
- Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-14336, Iran
| | - Amir Pakdin
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-14336, Iran
| | - Aliakbar Mohammadi
- Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-14336, Iran
- Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-14336, Iran
| | - Abdolkhalegh Keshavarzi
- Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-14336, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Mortazavi
- Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate University of Advanced Technology, Kerman 76318-85356, Iran
| | - Parisa Sanati
- Burn and Wound Healing Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz 71348-14336, Iran
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Atwi-Ghaddar S, Zerwette L, Destandau E, Lesellier E. Exploring the Sequential-Selective Supercritical Fluid Extraction (S 3FE) of Flavonoids and Esterified Triterpenoids from Calendula officinalis L. Flowers. Molecules 2023; 28:7060. [PMID: 37894538 PMCID: PMC10609265 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28207060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
One of the many advantages of supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) is the possibility of using it in sequential and selective approaches. This is due to the use of a dynamic extraction mode in addition to the possibility of altering the composition of the modifier during the extraction process. In this study, the optimization of Calendula officinalis L. extraction of non-polar and polar compounds was achieved using three-level Box-Behnken designs (BBD). For non-polar compounds, the factors were pressure, temperature, and EtOH percentage. As for the polar compounds, the three variables were temperature, the total modifier percentage, and H2O added in the modifier as an additive. The recovery of selectively rich extracts in triterpendiol esters and narcissin was possible using a sequential two-step SFE. The first step was performed at 80 °C and 15% EtOH, and the second at 40 °C and 30% EtOH:H2O 80:20 v:v with a total of 60 min of extraction. Additionally, the SFE extraction of non-polar compounds was scaled up on a pilot-scale extractor, demonstrating similar results. Finally, the SFE results were compared to ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Eric Lesellier
- Institute of Organic and Analytical Chemistry (ICOA), University of Orléans, CNRS UMR 7311, 45100 Orléans, France; (S.A.-G.); (L.Z.); (E.D.)
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Prabhu Venkatesh D, S G, Ramani P, S R, Ramalingam K. In Vitro Evaluation of Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Potentials of Herbal Formulation Containing Marigold Flower (Calendula officinalis L.) Tea. Cureus 2023; 15:e43308. [PMID: 37700948 PMCID: PMC10492899 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.43308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 08/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim To assess the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties of Calendula officinalis tea formulation. Materials and methods In this study, a formulation of 2 grams of dried marigold flower petals and 100 milliliters (ml) of distilled water was subjected to anti-inflammatory testing using albumin denaturation assay and anti-protease activity and antioxidant testing by DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate) assay. An independent sample t-test was done to compare the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant potentials of marigold tea formulation and control using SPSS version 22.0 software (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY), and any p-value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The highest anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of marigold extract were exhibited at 10 microliters (µl) and 20 µl (p-value = 0.002 and 0.000), respectively. The anti-inflammatory activity was higher than the control at all concentrations, whereas the antioxidant activity was higher at lower concentrations when compared to higher concentrations. Conclusion Marigold flower tea formulation exhibited better anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities than the controls and therefore could be evaluated as a potential therapeutic agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Deeksheetha Prabhu Venkatesh
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Gheena S
- Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Pratibha Ramani
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Rajeshkumar S
- Pharmacology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
| | - Karthikeyan Ramalingam
- Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai, IND
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Shahane K, Kshirsagar M, Tambe S, Jain D, Rout S, Ferreira MKM, Mali S, Amin P, Srivastav PP, Cruz J, Lima RR. An Updated Review on the Multifaceted Therapeutic Potential of Calendula officinalis L. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16040611. [PMID: 37111369 PMCID: PMC10142266 DOI: 10.3390/ph16040611] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Revised: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Calendula officinalis Linn. (CO) is a popular medicinal plant from the plant kingdom's Asteraceae family that has been used for millennia. This plant contains flavonoids, triterpenoids, glycosides, saponins, carotenoids, volatile oil, amino acids, steroids, sterols, and quinines. These chemical constituents confer multifaceted biological effects such as anti-inflammatory, anti-cancer, antihelminthic, antidiabetes, wound healing, hepatoprotective, and antioxidant activities. Additionally, it is employed in cases of certain burns and gastrointestinal, gynecological, ocular, and skin conditions. In this review, we have discussed recent research from the last five years on the therapeutic applications of CO and emphasized its myriad capabilities as a traditional medicine. We have also elucidated CO's molecular mechanisms and recent clinical studies. Overall, this review intends to summarize, fill in the gaps in the existing research, and provide a wealth of possibilities for researchers working to validate traditional claims and advance the safe and effective use of CO in treating various ailments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiran Shahane
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Madhuri Kshirsagar
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Srushti Tambe
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Divya Jain
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Srutee Rout
- Department of Agricultural and Food Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Maria Karolina Martins Ferreira
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Suraj Mali
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra 835215, India
| | - Purnima Amin
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, Mumbai 400019, India
| | - Prem Prakash Srivastav
- Department of Agricultural and Food Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur 721302, India
| | - Jorddy Cruz
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Rafael Rodrigues Lima
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém 66075-110, Brazil
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Colella G, Boschetti CE, Vitagliano R, Colella C, Jiao L, King-Smith N, Li C, Nuoh Lau Y, Lai Z, Mohammed AI, Cirillo N. Interventions for the Prevention of Oral Mucositis in Patients Receiving Cancer Treatment: Evidence from Randomised Controlled Trials. Curr Oncol 2023; 30:967-980. [PMID: 36661723 PMCID: PMC9858113 DOI: 10.3390/curroncol30010074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Oral mucositis is a common and most debilitating complication associated with cancer therapy. Despite the significant clinical and economic impact of this condition, there is little to offer to patients with oral mucositis, and the medications used in its management are generally only palliative. Given that mucositis is ultimately a predictable and, therefore, potentially preventable condition, in this study we appraised the scientific literature to evaluate effective methods of prevention that have been tested in randomised controlled trials (RCTs). Published high-level evidence shows that multiple preventative methods are potentially effective in the prevention of oral mucositis induced by radiotherapy, chemotherapy, or both. Anti-inflammatory medications (including benzydamine), growth factors and cytokines (including palifermin), cryotherapy, laser-and-light therapy, herbal medicines and supplements, and mucoprotective agents (including oral pilocarpine) showed some degree of efficacy in preventing/reducing the severity of mucositis with most anticancer treatments. Allopurinol was potentially effective in the prevention of radiotherapy-induced oral mucositis; antimicrobial mouthwash and erythropoietin mouthwash were associated with a lower risk of development of severe oral mucositis induced by chemotherapy. The results of our review may assist in highlighting the efficacy and testing the effectiveness of low-cost, safe preventative measures for oral mucositis in cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Colella
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Ciro Emiliano Boschetti
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Rita Vitagliano
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Colella
- Multidisciplinary Department of Medical-Surgical and Dental Specialties, Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Unit, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, 80138 Naples, Italy
| | - Lebei Jiao
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Melbourne, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Natalie King-Smith
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Melbourne, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Chong Li
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Melbourne, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Yii Nuoh Lau
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Melbourne, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Zacchaeus Lai
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Melbourne, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Ali Ibrahim Mohammed
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Melbourne, VIC 3053, Australia
| | - Nicola Cirillo
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, Melbourne, VIC 3053, Australia
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Altomare A, Fiore M, D'Ercole G, Imperia E, Nicolosi RM, Della Posta S, Pasqua G, Cicala M, De Gara L, Ramella S, Guarino MPL. Protective Role of Natural Compounds under Radiation-Induced Injury. Nutrients 2022; 14. [PMID: 36558533 DOI: 10.3390/nu14245374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent years, evidence has shown the potential therapeutic effects of different natural compounds for the prevention and treatment of radiotherapy-induced mucositis (RIOM). RIOM represents one of the most frequent side effects associated with anti-neoplastic treatments affecting patients' quality of life and treatment response due to radiation therapy discontinuation. The innate radio-protective ability of natural products obtained from plants is in part due to the numerous antioxidants possessed as a part of their normal secondary metabolic processes. However, oxygen presence is a key point for radiation efficacy on cancer cells. The aim of this review is to describe the most recent evidence on radiation-induced injury and the emerging protective role of natural compounds in preventing and treating this specific damage without compromising treatment efficacy.
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Hegde SK, Rao S, Rao P, Raghu SV, Meera S, Baliga MS. Aqueous Extract of Emblica officinalis Linn (Indian gooseberry) in Combination with Iodine is More Efficacious than Iodine Alone in Mitigating Mucositis in Head and Neck Cancer Patients Undergoing Curative Radiotherapy: Retrospective Observations. Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2022; 74:6330-6338. [PMID: 36742808 PMCID: PMC9895700 DOI: 10.1007/s12070-021-03059-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucositis is a very painful unavoidable and common side effect in head and neck cancer patients undergoing curative radiotherapy and can affect the planned treatment. In this study, attempt is made at understanding the efficacy of Emblica officinalis Linn (amla) when combined with providone iodine in mitigating radiation-induced mucositis, weight loss and tumor control. This was a retrospective chart based study and was carried out by extracting the data from the files of patients with cancer of head and neck who used amla in combination with iodine or iodine alone during the course of the curative radiotherapy (> 60 Gy). The data was entered in to Microsoft excel and subjected to statistical analysis using SPSS 17 software. The results indicate that when compared with iodine alone, the group where iodine and amla gargling were used was very effective in delaying mucositis, reduced incidence of intolerable mucositis (P = 0.027), quantitative grade of weight loss (P = 0.016), incidence of severe weight loss (P = 0.03) without affecting tumor response. The results suggest that when compared with iodine alone, amla when combined with iodine was more effective in mitigating radiation mucositis and by not interfering with the tumor cell kill. As far as the authors are aware of this is the first study that shows the usefulness of combining iodine with Amla in mitigating radiation-induced mucositis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sanath Kumar Hegde
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mangalore Institute of Oncology, Mangalore, 575002 India
| | - Suresh Rao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Mangalore Institute of Oncology, Mangalore, 575002 India
| | - Pratima Rao
- Department of Dentistry, Mangalore Institute of Oncology, Mangalore, 575002 India
| | - Shamprasad Varija Raghu
- Neurogenetics Laboratory, Department of Applied Zoology, Mangalore University, Mangalagangotri, Karnataka 574199 India
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Raza A, Karimyan N, Watters A, Emperumal CP, Al-Eryani K, Enciso R. Efficacy of oral and topical antioxidants in the prevention and management of oral mucositis in head and neck cancer patients: a systematic review and meta-analyses. Support Care Cancer 2022; 30:8689-8703. [PMID: 35680672 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-022-07190-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/30/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effectiveness of antioxidants in the prevention and management of oral mucositis in adults undergoing radiotherapy and/or chemotherapy with diagnosed head and neck cancer (HNC) compared to placebo intervention. METHODS Cochrane, EMBASE, PubMed, and Web of Science databases were used to search for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing oral or topical antioxidants with placebo in clinically diagnosed HNC adult patients receiving radiotherapy with/without chemotherapy. The primary outcome was to assess the efficacy of the antioxidant to prevent and decrease the incidence/prevalence and severity of oral/oropharyngeal mucositis. The risk of bias was assessed following Cochrane's guidelines. RESULTS The database search resulted in 203 records up to February 19, 2021. Thirteen RCTs were included with 650 HNC-diagnosed patients. Included studies showed a statistically significant improvement in mucositis severity score for all antioxidants except melatonin. However, further studies are needed as only one study reported outcomes for zinc, propolis, curcumin, and silymarin. Patients receiving vitamin E were 60% less likely to develop severe mucositis grade 2 or higher than those receiving placebo in one study (P = 0.040). Patients receiving zinc were 95% less likely to develop severe mucositis (grades 3-4) in one study compared to placebo (P = 0.031). One meta-analysis showed no statistical difference in the risk of having severe mucositis (grades 3-4) with 199 patients compared to placebo for honey (n = 2 studies, P = 0.403). Meta-analyses could not be conducted for zinc, propolis, curcumin, melatonin, silymarin, and selenium due to the lack of studies reporting similar outcomes for the same intervention. CONCLUSION Though oral and topical antioxidants significantly improved mucositis severity scores in HNC patients receiving radiotherapy with/without chemotherapy in individual studies, the quality of the evidence was low due to the small number of studies and unclear/high-risk bias. Additionally, large RCTs are needed to confirm these results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Afsheen Raza
- Orofacial Pain and Oral Medicine, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Nelli Karimyan
- Orofacial Pain and Oral Medicine, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | | | - Chitra P Emperumal
- Orofacial Pain and Oral Medicine, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Kamal Al-Eryani
- Department of Diagnostic Sciences, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of USC, CA, Los Angeles, USA
| | - Reyes Enciso
- Department of Geriatrics, Special Patients and Behavioral Science, Herman Ostrow School of Dentistry of University of Southern California, 925 West 34th Street, room #4268, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
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Nguyen H, Sangha S, Pan M, Shin DH, Park H, Mohammed AI, Cirillo N. Oxidative Stress and Chemoradiation-Induced Oral Mucositis: A Scoping Review of In Vitro, In Vivo and Clinical Studies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:4863. [PMID: 35563254 PMCID: PMC9101413 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2022] [Revised: 04/21/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemoradiation-induced mucositis is a debilitating condition of the gastrointestinal tract eventuating from antineoplastic treatment. It is believed to occur primarily due to oxidative stress mechanisms, which generate Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). The aim of this scoping review was to assess the role of oxidative stress in the development of Oral Mucositis (OM). Studies from the literature, published in MEDLINE and SCOPUS, that evaluated the oxidative stress pathways or antioxidant interventions for OM, were retrieved to elucidate the current understanding of their relationship. Studies failing inclusion criteria were excluded, and those suitable underwent data extraction, using a predefined data extraction table. Eighty-nine articles fulfilled criteria, and these were sub-stratified into models of study (in vitro, in vivo, or clinical) for evaluation. Thirty-five clinical studies evaluated antioxidant interventions on OM's severity, duration, and pain, amongst other attributes. A number of clinical studies sought to elucidate the protective or therapeutic effects of compounds that had been pre-determined to have antioxidant properties, without directly assessing oxidative stress parameters (these were deemed "indirect evidence"). Forty-seven in vivo studies assessed the capacity of various compounds to prevent OM. Findings were mostly consistent, reporting reduced OM severity associated with a reduction in ROS, malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase (MPO), but higher glutathione (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity or expression. Twenty-one in vitro studies assessed potential OM therapeutic interventions. The majority demonstrated successful a reduction in ROS, and in select studies, secondary molecules were assessed to identify the mechanism. In summary, this review highlighted numerous oxidative stress pathways involved in OM pathogenesis, which may inform the development of novel therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Nicola Cirillo
- Melbourne Dental School, The University of Melbourne, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia; (H.N.); (S.S.); (M.P.); (D.H.S.); (H.P.); (A.I.M.)
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Kaggwa B, Kyeyune H, Munanura EI, Anywar G, Lutoti S, Aber J, Bagoloire LK, Weisheit A, Tolo CU, Kamba PF, Ogwang PE. Safety and Efficacy of Medicinal Plants Used to Manufacture Herbal Products with Regulatory Approval in Uganda: A Cross-Sectional Study. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2022; 2022:1304839. [PMID: 35463071 DOI: 10.1155/2022/1304839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2021] [Revised: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Introduction The Uganda National Drug Authority requires phytochemical screening, freedom from microbial contamination, and evidence of safety and efficacy of the constituent plants to register herbal products. Since Uganda has no pharmacopeia, safety, efficacy, and plant processing information are not readily available. We documented the plant materials used to manufacture products in Uganda and established evidence of their safety and efficacy and availability of monographs. Methods The NDA register of herbal products was reviewed, and a product list was extracted. The herbal products were purchased from local pharmacies, and their labels were studied to identify plant ingredients and drug use. Literature was reviewed to document evidence of the safety and efficacy of the plant materials concerning manufacturer's claims. Also, the WHO and available African Pharmacopeia were searched to establish the availability of the plant monographs. Results Of the 84 NDA-registered local products, only 18 were obtained from the market; 82% were indicated for respiratory tract disorders. Thirty-three plant materials were listed with Eucalyptus globulus Labill, being the commonest. Several in vitro and in vivo studies demonstrate efficacy, thus supporting the use of the selected plant species for empirical treatment as stated on the product label. While most plants were safe, some species such as Albizia coriaria Oliv. had dose-dependent toxicities that cannot be predicted in combinations. The WHO, African Pharmacopoeia, and West African Herbal Pharmacopoeia had only 16 plant monographs of the 33 plants of interest. Nevertheless, Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f., Azadirachta indica A.Juss., Zingiber officinale Roscoe, and Allium sativum L. monographs were published by all three pharmacopoeias. Conclusions Preclinical evidence of safety and efficacy exists in the literature for most of the plants used to manufacture registered herbal products in Uganda. More specific bioassays and clinical trials are required for the products to provide conclusive evidence of safety and toxicity. Monographs are urgently needed for the Ugandan plants.
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Ferreira AS, Macedo C, Silva AM, Delerue-Matos C, Costa P, Rodrigues F. Natural Products for the Prevention and Treatment of Oral Mucositis-A Review. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23084385. [PMID: 35457202 PMCID: PMC9030892 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23084385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2022] [Revised: 04/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer, a major world public health problem, is associated with chemotherapy treatments whose administration leads to secondary concerns, such as oral mucositis (OM). The OM disorder is characterized by the presence of ulcers in the oral mucosa that cause pain, bleeding, and difficulty in ingesting fluids and solids, or speaking. Bioactive compounds from natural sources have arisen as an effective approach for OM. This review aims to summarize the new potential application of different natural products in the prevention and treatment of OM in comparison to conventional ones, also providing a deep insight into the most recent clinical studies. Natural products, such as Aloe vera, Glycyrrhiza glabra, Camellia sinensis, Calendula officinalis, or honeybee crops, constitute examples of sources of bioactive compounds with pharmacological interest due to their well-reported activities (e.g., antimicrobial, antiviral, anti-inflammatory, analgesic, or wound healing). These activities are associated with the bioactive compounds present in their matrix (such as flavonoids), which are associated with in vivo biological activities and minimal or absent toxicity. Finally, encapsulation has arisen as a future opportunity to preserve the chemical stability and the drug bioa vailability of bioactive compounds and, most importantly, to improve the buccal retention period and the therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Sofia Ferreira
- REQUIMTE/LAQV—Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal; (A.S.F.); (C.M.); (A.M.S.); (C.D.-M.)
| | - Catarina Macedo
- REQUIMTE/LAQV—Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal; (A.S.F.); (C.M.); (A.M.S.); (C.D.-M.)
| | - Ana Margarida Silva
- REQUIMTE/LAQV—Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal; (A.S.F.); (C.M.); (A.M.S.); (C.D.-M.)
| | - Cristina Delerue-Matos
- REQUIMTE/LAQV—Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal; (A.S.F.); (C.M.); (A.M.S.); (C.D.-M.)
| | - Paulo Costa
- UCIBIO—Applied Molecular Biosciences Unit, MedTech-Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal;
- Associate Laboratory i4HB—Institute for Health and Bioeconomy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Francisca Rodrigues
- REQUIMTE/LAQV—Instituto Superior de Engenharia do Porto, Rua Dr. António Bernardino de Almeida 431, 4249-015 Porto, Portugal; (A.S.F.); (C.M.); (A.M.S.); (C.D.-M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-22-83-40-500
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Safarzadeh S, Shirban F, Bagherniya M, Sathyapalan T, Sahebkar A. The effects of herbal medicines on cancer therapy-induced oral mucositis: A literature review. Phytother Res 2021; 36:243-265. [PMID: 34709682 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2021] [Revised: 09/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Cancer therapy-induced oral mucositis (OM) is one of the most troublesome morbidities after radio-chemotherapy. Age, nutritional status, tumor type, oral hygiene, and treatment method are the determinants for OM incidence. In addition, oxygen-free radicals can act as a trigger for an inflammatory milieu that causes OM. Based on the debilitating nature of OM, finding a safe and inexpensive agent with anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, and antioxidative properties can be valuable for this situation. Considering the harmful effects of some chemical agents, herbal medicine has been suggested as a potential alternative owing to unique properties such as safety, availability and low cost. Many studies have illustrated several pharmacological properties of herbal medicines in recent years, such as anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial, and antioxidative activities, which are essential factors in the palliation of cancer therapy-induced OM. This review aimed to evaluate herbal medicines' effects on cancer therapy-induced OM. According to this comprehensive review, it is concluded that medicinal plants and phytochemicals can be used as practical agents in the palliation of cancer therapy-induced OM without any serious side effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saba Safarzadeh
- Post Graduate Student, Dental Students' Research Committee, Department of Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Farinaz Shirban
- Department of Orthodontics, Dental Research Center, Dental Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Bagherniya
- Food Security Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Anesthesia and Critical Care Research Center, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.,Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Thozhukat Sathyapalan
- Department of Academic Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Hull York Medical School, University of Hull, Hull, UK
| | - Amirhossein Sahebkar
- Biotechnology Research Center, Pharmaceutical Technology Institute, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,School of Medicine, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.,School of Pharmacy, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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Milutinovici RA, Chioran D, Buzatu R, Macasoi I, Razvan S, Chioibas R, Corlan IV, Tanase A, Horia C, Popovici RA, Dinu S, Dehelean C, Scurtu A, Pinzaru I, Soica C. Vegetal Compounds as Sources of Prophylactic and Therapeutic Agents in Dentistry. Plants (Basel) 2021; 10:2148. [PMID: 34685957 PMCID: PMC8537575 DOI: 10.3390/plants10102148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2021] [Revised: 10/05/2021] [Accepted: 10/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Dental pathology remains a global health problem affecting both children and adults. The most important dental diseases are dental caries and periodontal pathologies. The main cause of oral health problems is overpopulation with pathogenic bacteria and for this reason, conventional therapy can often be ineffective due to bacterial resistance or may have unpleasant side effects. For that reason, studies in the field have focused on finding new therapeutic alternatives. Special attention is paid to the plant kingdom, which offers a wide range of plants and active compounds in various pathologies. This review focused on the most used plants in the dental field, especially on active phytocompounds, both in terms of chemical structure and in terms of mechanism of action. It also approached the in vitro study of active compounds and the main types of cell lines used to elucidate the effect and mechanism of action. Thus, medicinal plants and their compounds represent a promising and interesting alternative to conventional therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raluca-Adriana Milutinovici
- Departament of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Victor Babeș University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 9 Revolutiei 1989 Ave., 300070 Timisoara, Romania;
- Orthodontic Research Center (ORTHO-CENTER), Faculty of Dental Medicine, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Revolutiei Ave. 1989 No. 9, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Doina Chioran
- Department of Dento-Alveolar Surgery, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Victor Babeș University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 9 Revolutiei 1989 Ave., 300070 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Roxana Buzatu
- Department of Facial Tooth Aesthetics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Victor Babeș University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 9 Revolutiei 1989 Ave., 300070 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Ioana Macasoi
- Departament of Toxicology and Drug Industry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babeș University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timișoara, Romania; (C.D.); (A.S.); (I.P.); (C.S.)
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluations, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Susan Razvan
- Department of Family Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Victor Babeș University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timișoara, Romania
| | - Raul Chioibas
- Department of Surgery I, Faculty of Medicine, Victor Babeș University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timișoara, Romania;
| | - Ion Virgil Corlan
- Department of Management, Legislation and Communication in Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Victor Babeș University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (I.V.C.); (A.T.); (R.A.P.)
| | - Alina Tanase
- Department of Management, Legislation and Communication in Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Victor Babeș University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (I.V.C.); (A.T.); (R.A.P.)
| | - Calniceanu Horia
- Department of Periodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Victor Babeș University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 9 Revolutiei 1989 Ave., 300070 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Ramona Amina Popovici
- Department of Management, Legislation and Communication in Dentistry, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Victor Babeș University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (I.V.C.); (A.T.); (R.A.P.)
| | - Stefania Dinu
- Department of Pedodontics, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Victor Babeș University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 9 Revolutiei 1989 Ave., 300070 Timisoara, Romania;
| | - Cristina Dehelean
- Departament of Toxicology and Drug Industry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babeș University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timișoara, Romania; (C.D.); (A.S.); (I.P.); (C.S.)
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluations, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Alexandra Scurtu
- Departament of Toxicology and Drug Industry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babeș University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timișoara, Romania; (C.D.); (A.S.); (I.P.); (C.S.)
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluations, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Iulia Pinzaru
- Departament of Toxicology and Drug Industry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babeș University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timișoara, Romania; (C.D.); (A.S.); (I.P.); (C.S.)
- Research Center for Pharmaco-Toxicological Evaluations, Faculty of Pharmacy, “Victor Babes” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Eftimie Murgu Square No. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Codruta Soica
- Departament of Toxicology and Drug Industry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babeș University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timișoara, Romania; (C.D.); (A.S.); (I.P.); (C.S.)
- Departament of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Victor Babeș University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 2nd Eftimie Murgu Sq., 300041 Timișoara, Romania
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Ferreira MS, Magalhães MC, Oliveira R, Sousa-Lobo JM, Almeida IF. Trends in the Use of Botanicals in Anti-Aging Cosmetics. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26123584. [PMID: 34208257 PMCID: PMC8230945 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 06/04/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Botanical ingredients have been used for thousands of years in skincare for their convenience as well as the diversity and abundance in compounds with biological activity. Among these, polyphenols and especially flavonoids have gained increasing prominence due to their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, the most used botanical preparations in anti-aging products marketed in 2011 were determined. The analysis was repeated in 2018 for new and reformulated products. The scientific evidence for their application as active ingredients in anti-aging cosmetics and their flavonoid content was also compiled by searching in online scientific databases. Overall, in 2018, there was a noticeable increase in the use of botanical preparations in anti-aging cosmetics. However, the top three botanical species in both years were Vitis vinifera, Butyrospermum parkii, and Glycine soja, which is consistent with the greater amount of scientific evidence supporting their efficacy. Regarding the function of botanical preparations, there is a clear preference for DNA-protecting ingredients. The most prevalent flavonoids were flavan-3-ols, proanthocyanidins, and anthocyanins. This study provided an updated overview of the market trends regarding the use of botanicals in anti-aging products and documented the state of the art of scientific evidence for the most used plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Salvador Ferreira
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (M.S.F.); (M.C.M.); (J.M.S.-L.)
- UCIBIO/REQUIMTE, MedTech, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Maria Catarina Magalhães
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (M.S.F.); (M.C.M.); (J.M.S.-L.)
| | - Rita Oliveira
- Biomedical Research Centre (CEBIMED)/Research Centre of the Fernando Pessoa Energy, Environment and Health Research Unit (FP-ENAS), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Fernando Pessoa, 4249-004 Porto, Portugal;
| | - José Manuel Sousa-Lobo
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (M.S.F.); (M.C.M.); (J.M.S.-L.)
- UCIBIO/REQUIMTE, MedTech, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
| | - Isabel Filipa Almeida
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal; (M.S.F.); (M.C.M.); (J.M.S.-L.)
- UCIBIO/REQUIMTE, MedTech, Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Drug Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Porto, Rua Jorge de Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +351-220-428-621
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16
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Fakhri S, Tomas M, Capanoglu E, Hussain Y, Abbaszadeh F, Lu B, Hu X, Wu J, Zou L, Smeriglio A, Simal-Gandara J, Cao H, Xiao J, Khan H. Antioxidant and anticancer potentials of edible flowers: where do we stand? Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:8589-8645. [PMID: 34096420 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1931022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Edible flowers are attracting special therapeutic attention and their administration is on the rise. Edible flowers play pivotal modulatory roles on oxidative stress and related interconnected apoptotic/inflammatory pathways toward the treatment of cancer. In this review, we highlighted the phytochemical content and therapeutic applications of edible flowers, as well as their modulatory potential on the oxidative stress pathways and apoptotic/inflammatory mediators, resulting in anticancer effects. Edible flowers are promising sources of phytochemicals (e.g., phenolic compounds, carotenoids, terpenoids) with several therapeutic effects. They possess anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-microbial, anti-depressant, anxiolytic, anti-obesity, cardioprotective, and neuroprotective effects. Edible flowers potentially modulate oxidative stress by targeting erythroid nuclear transcription factor-2/extracellular signal-regulated kinase/mitogen-activated protein kinase (Nrf2/ERK/MAPK), reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant response elements (AREs). As the interconnected pathways to oxidative stress, inflammatory mediators, including tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-κB), interleukins (ILs) as well as apoptotic pathways such as Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), Bcl-2, caspase and cytochrome C are critical targets of edible flowers in combating cancer. In this regard, edible flowers could play promising anticancer effects by targeting oxidative stress and downstream dysregulated pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sajad Fakhri
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Merve Tomas
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istanbul Sabahattin Zaim University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Esra Capanoglu
- Department of Food Engineering, Faculty of Chemical and Metallurgical Engineering, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yaseen Hussain
- Control release drug delivery system, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Fatemeh Abbaszadeh
- Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medical Sciences, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Neurobiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Baiyi Lu
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, National-Local Joint Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Key Laboratory for Agro-Products Nutritional Evaluation of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Agro-Products Postharvest Handling of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang International Scientific and Technological Cooperation Base of Health Food Manufacturing and Quality Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaolan Hu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Research of Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
| | - Jianlin Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Quality Research of Chinese Medicines, Macau University of Science and Technology, Taipa, Macao, China
| | - Liang Zou
- Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
| | - Antonella Smeriglio
- Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | - Jesus Simal-Gandara
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo -Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
| | - Hui Cao
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo -Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- Nutrition and Bromatology Group, Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo -Ourense Campus, Ourense, Spain.,Institute of Food Safety & Nutrition, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan, Mardan, Pakistan
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Eubank PLC, Abreu LG, Violante IP, Volpato LER. Medicinal plants used for the treatment of mucositis induced by oncotherapy: a systematic review. Support Care Cancer 2021. [PMID: 33988743 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-021-06247-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This systematic review aimed to identify effective medicinal plants for the treatment of mucositis induced by oncotherapy. METHODS The clinical question was the following: "Which medicinal plants are effective in the treatment of oral mucositis induced by cancer treatment?" (PubMed, Medline, Web of Science, Scopus, Lilacs, and SciELO). The keywords were the following: phytotherapy OR "herbal drug" OR "plant extract" OR plant OR "medicinal plant" OR pharmacognosy OR ethnobotany OR ethnomedicine OR ethnopharmacology OR "flower essences" OR "natural product" AND mucositis OR mucositides OR stomatitis OR stomatitides OR "oral ulcer" AND chemotherapy OR radiotherapy OR immunotherapy OR cancer OR neoplasm OR neoplasm OR tumor OR tumor. The inclusion criteria for the selection of articles were the type of study design (clinical trials) and the studied population (cancer patients presenting lesions of oral mucositis having undergone treatment with medicinal plants). RESULTS After evaluation of the works, 24 of 893 articles were selected. Matricaria chamomilla (chamomilla) presented promising results, such as a reduction in severity and lesion incidence with improved pain symptomatology. The plant extracts Isatis indigótica, Olea europaea, Calendula officinalis, A. digitatae, and M. sylvestris improved the lesions. Mucotrol™ and QRLYD herbal products improved the degree of severity of the lesions, while SAMITAL® and MUCOSYTE allowed for greater pain control. CONCLUSION The complementary treatment of oral mucositis in cancer patients, with analgesic and anti-inflammatory actions with lower side effects, is an alternative for healthcare professionals.
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Abstract
The use of calendula for its lenitive properties’ dates to the XII century. This plant contains several bioactive compounds, including terpenoids, terpenes, carotenoids, flavonoids and polyunsaturated fatty acids. Calendula flower extract is used in soothing cosmetics, such as after-sun, sensitive skin and eye contour products. The anti-inflammatory properties of this ingredient were demonstrated in an animal model, but the mechanism of action is poorly understood. Therefore, our work explored the effect of a calendula flower extract on NO production, a pro-inflammatory radical produced by nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and highly released by innate immune cells in inflammatory-related pathologies. NO production was evoked by the Toll-like receptor 4 agonist lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in macrophages, using concentrations that did not compromise cells viability. This ingredient exhibited a dose-dependent NO inhibition, reaching 50% at 147 μL/mL without cytotoxicity. Together with previous literature, these results provide experimental evidence on the anti-inflammatory properties of calendula flower extract, as well as its usefulness in cosmetics with soothing properties and adjunctive skin care in the treatment of the diseases associated with dysregulation of the NO signaling cascade.
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Steinmann D, Babadağ Savaş B, Felber S, Joy S, Mertens I, Cramer H, Paul A, Layer M, Klafke N, Stolz R, Heyder U, Neuberger P, Winkler M, Idler C, Heine R, Kaschdailewitsch E, John H, Schmeling B, Zielke T, Horneber M, Witt CM, Voiss P. Nursing Procedures for the Prevention and Treatment of Mucositis Induced by Cancer Therapies: Clinical Practice Guideline Based on an Interdisciplinary Consensus Process and a Systematic Literature Search. Integr Cancer Ther 2021; 20:1534735420940412. [PMID: 33467951 PMCID: PMC7960907 DOI: 10.1177/1534735420940412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Patients with cancer receiving tumor therapy often suffer from oral mucositis. Objectives: The aim of this project was to summarize experiences with nursing procedures by experts in integrative oncology and to establish recommendations for nursing interventions that can prevent or cure mucositis. Methods: The study design was an interdisciplinary consensus process based on a systematic literature search. Results: The panel discussed and agreed on 19 nursing procedures, which included mouthwashes, such as teas, supplements, oil applications, and different kinds of ice cubes to suck, as well as flaxseed solution, propolis, and mare milk. Twelve interventions were classified as effective, with effectiveness for OraLife, propolis, sea buckthorn pulp oil, marshmallow root tea also for xerostomia, Helago chamomile oil, mare milk, and Saliva Natura rated as highly effective in clinical experience. In the systematic literature search, a total of 12 out of 329 randomized controlled trials and meta-analyses on chamomile (n = 3), Calendula (n = 1) and sage (n = 1), propolis (n = 2), and sucking ice cubes (cryotherapy; n = 5) met all inclusion criteria. Trial evidence for effectiveness in oral mucositis was revealed for propolis and cryotherapy. Conclusions: The current evidence supports the use of some nursing procedures (f.e. propolis for 2 and 3 grade mucositis) for improving oral mucositis during cancer therapies. There is still a need to define general clinical practice guidelines for the supportive treatment of mucositis, as well as for more interdisciplinary research in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sabine Felber
- Evang. Kliniken Essen-Mitte, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Sosamma Joy
- Evang. Kliniken Essen-Mitte, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Isabelle Mertens
- Evang. Kliniken Essen-Mitte, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Holger Cramer
- Evang. Kliniken Essen-Mitte, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Anna Paul
- Evang. Kliniken Essen-Mitte, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Monika Layer
- Kantonsspital St. Gallen, Centre for Integrative Medicine, Sankt Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Nadja Klafke
- University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Regina Stolz
- University Hospital Tuebingen, Baden-Württemberg, Germany.,Tropenklinik Paul-Lechler-Krankenhaus, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Ute Heyder
- Community Hospital Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | | | - Marcela Winkler
- Robert-Bosch-Krankenhaus Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Christel Idler
- Robert-Bosch-Krankenhaus Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Baden-Württemberg, Germany
| | - Rolf Heine
- Akademie für Pflegeberufe an der Filderklinik, Filderstadt, Germany
| | | | - Heike John
- Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Hannover, Germany
| | | | | | | | - Claudia M Witt
- University Hospital Zurich and University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Petra Voiss
- Evang. Kliniken Essen-Mitte, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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20
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de Morais EF, Batista Severo ML, Dantas Martins HD, Trevizani Martins MA, Martins MD, de Almeida Freitas R, da Silveira ÉJD. Effectiveness of phytotherapeutics in the prevention and treatment of 5-fluorouracil-induced oral mucositis in animal models: A systematic review. Arch Oral Biol 2021; 123:104998. [PMID: 33485111 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2020.104998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 11/27/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This systematic review evaluated the effect of phytotherapeutics in the treatment and prevention of 5-fluorouracil (5-FU)-induced oral mucositis (OM) in animal models. DESIGN A search was performed in PubMed/Medline, CENTRAL (The Cochrane Library), EMBASE, and Web of Science, including studies published up to January 2020. Only articles investigating the chemoinduction of OM by 5-FU in animal models were included. Eligibility was evaluated and data were extracted from the eligible studies following the predefined PICO questions. The Cochrane Collaboration Risk of Bias Assessment tool was used to evaluate the quality of the included studies. RESULT A total of 503 articles were retrieved and 13 were included. The hamster was the animal model used in all included studies. The treatment method ranged from the topical application of ointment (n = 3), gel (n = 5) and extract (n = 3) to the oral ingestion of the phytotherapeutics (n = 3). Chamomilla recutita L. (n = 3) and Pistacia atlantica (n = 3) were the most used therapeutic agents. Although all studies were classified as high risk of bias, all of them reported promising results regarding the use of phytotherapeutics in the management of OM, including lower clinical and histopathological scores as well as healing, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antioxidant activities. CONCLUSION Despite the high risk of bias of the studies, phytotherapy is a promising alternative for the treatment of 5-FU-induced OM, showing interesting results in terms of tissue healing and anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity.
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Abstract
Integrative medicine is an approach to medical care that embraces all effective therapies including complementary treatments such as acupuncture and hypnosis. There is growing use of complementary therapies in the cancer patient population, making it important that health care providers be aware of both the risks and benefits of treatments that lie outside of the traditional allopathic medicine paradigm. This chapter will explore some of the most common and well-investigated complementary therapies for the treatment and prevention of cancer-related pain. This will include discussions of: acupuncture, dietary supplements, massage, guided imagery and cryotherapy among others. The goal of this is to provide a framework for discussions between medical providers and their patients to ensure safety, discussion of all available treatments, and to facilitate open lines of communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Woodbury
- Anesthesiology, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta Veterans Affairs Healthcare System, 1670 Clairmont Rd, Decatur, GA, 30033, USA.
| | - Bati Myles
- Emergency Medicine Physician, Palliative Care Fellow, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA
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Ak G, Zengin G, Sinan KI, Mahomoodally MF, Picot-allain MCN, Cakır O, Bensari S, Yılmaz MA, Gallo M, Montesano D. A Comparative Bio-Evaluation and Chemical Profiles of Calendula officinalis L. Extracts Prepared via Different Extraction Techniques. Applied Sciences 2020; 10:5920. [DOI: 10.3390/app10175920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Calendula officinalis L., (marigold), well known for its medicinal properties, has been extensively studied for its therapeutic properties. Nonetheless, as far as the literature could establish, no study has attempted to comparatively assess the biological (antioxidant and enzyme inhibitory potential) of the flowers, leaves, and roots of C. officinalis extracted using conventional (maceration and Soxhlet extraction (SE)) and non-conventional extraction (homogenizer (HAE) and ultrasound (UAE) assisted extraction) techniques. The detailed phytochemical profile of each extract along with the concentration of specific bioactive compounds has also been established. Total phenolic content was highest for the flower extracts while flavonoid content was highest in the leaf extracts. Phytochemical profiling showed that the extraction method influenced the phytochemical composition of the extract. Nicotiflorin was identified in the flower extracts only while amentoflavone occurred only in the roots, inferring that the occurrence of bioactive compounds varies within a plant. The flower extracts showed highest antioxidant potential while the roots extracts were potent inhibitors of cholinesterase and tyrosinase. This study provides valuable data on the influence of extraction techniques on the recovery of bioactive compounds from plants. In an endeavor to scale-up extraction from plant considering the more efficient extraction method is of paramount importance. Moreover, the study highlighted the necessity to thoroughly examine the biological activities of various parts of a plant obtained via different extraction protocols.
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Gkantaifi A, Alongi F, Vardas E, Cuccia F, Hajiioannou J, Kyrodimos E, Christopoulos C, Mauri D, Charalampakis N, Trogkanis N, Tsoukalas N, Iliadis G, Tolia M. Honey Against Radiation-induced Oral Mucositis in Head and Neck Cancer Patients. An Umbrella Review of Systematic Reviews and Meta- Analyses of the Literature. Rev Recent Clin Trials 2020; 15:360-369. [PMID: 32646360 DOI: 10.2174/1574887115666200709140405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2020] [Revised: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 06/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Backround: Oral mucositis (OM) consists of a major side effect of radiotherapy (RT) in head and neck (H-N) cancer patients and natural honey is gaining more and more scientific interest due to its beneficial effects in tissue repair. OBJECTIVE The aim of this review is to better clarify the preventive/therapeutic role of honey in the management of OM in patients with H-N cancer undergoing RT with or without chemotherapy (CT). METHODS We used the PubMed database to retrieve journal articles and the inclusion criteria were only reviews and meta-analyses that illustrated the effective use of honey for either the prevention or treatment of OM in H-N cancer patients receiving either RT alone or in combination with CT. RESULTS Our search resulted in 92 citations, of which 12 eventually fulfilled the inclusion criteria of our study. Decreased incidence and severity of OM, extended time of occurrence of mucositis, less weight loss and less treatment interruptions were occasionally documented with conventional honey use in the included reviews and meta-analyses. In contrast to conventional honey, manuka honey proved to be weak in improving OM management in the small number of included reviews in our search. CONCLUSION Conventional honey might constitute a highly promising natural product against OM attracting much scientific interest due to its easy accessibility and low financial cost. Hence, the lack of studies with high evidence requires further advanced research to enhance the existing knowledge about the potential value of honey in radiation-induced OM in H-N cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Areti Gkantaifi
- Radiotherapy Department, Interbalkan Medical Center, 10 Asclepioustr, 55535Pylaia, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Filippo Alongi
- Advanced Radiation Oncology Department, IRCCS SacroCuore Don Calabria,Negrar-Verona, Italy
| | - Emmanouil Vardas
- Clinic of Dentistry Hospital, Dental School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 2 Thivonstr, Goudi, 11527Athens, Greece
| | - Francesco Cuccia
- Advanced Radiation Oncology Department, IRCCS SacroCuore Don Calabria,Negrar-Verona, Italy
| | - Jiannis Hajiioannou
- Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, University of Thessaly, University Hospital of Larissa, Biopolis,41110, Larissa, Greece
| | - Efthymios Kyrodimos
- First Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hippocration Hospital, University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Christos Christopoulos
- Radiation Oncology Department, GroupeHospitalierIntercommunal Le Raincy, Montfermeil, 10 Rue du GeneralLeclerc, 93370 Montfermeil, France
| | - Davide Mauri
- Medical Oncology, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece
| | | | - Nikolaos Trogkanis
- National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, 2nd Department of Radiology, Radiotherapy Unit, Attikon University Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | - Nikolaos Tsoukalas
- Oncology Department, General Military Hospital 401, 138 Mesogeion & Katechaki Avenue, 11525, Athens, Greece
| | - George Iliadis
- Radiotherapy Department, Interbalkan Medical Center, 10 Asclepioustr, 55535Pylaia, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Maria Tolia
- Department of Radiotherapy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Thessaly, School of Health Sciences, Biopolis,41110, Larisa, Greece
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Koukourakis G, Pissakas G, Ganos CG, Sivolapenko G, Kardamakis D. Effectiveness and Tolerability of Natural Herbal Formulations in the Prevention of Radiation-Induced Skin Toxicity in Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy. INT J LOW EXTR WOUND 2020; 21:75-86. [PMID: 32525718 DOI: 10.1177/1534734620923912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the preventive role of 3 herbal formulation products on reducing the incidence of radiation-induced dermatitis in patients undergoing radiotherapy for either breast or head and neck cancer. A total of 59 patients participated in the study. The novel herbal products, a combination of beeswax, olive oil, Calendula and Hypericum oils and Aloe gel, were daily and regularly being used by the patients during radiotherapy and 2 weeks after treatment end. Acute skin toxicity was scored weekly during radiotherapy and after treatment for a further 4-week follow-up period. Demographic data were analyzed by descriptive statistics. Statistical analyses of the study objectives were based on an intent-to-treat principle. Most of the patients presented with grade I (RTOG/EORTC) toxicity in the first weeks of radiotherapy, progressed to grade II but reverted to grade I toxicity up until the study end. A total of 94.9% of the patients had Dermatology Life Quality Index up to 1, and 66.1% remained in this scale. The application of the novel natural product combinations proved to be statistically significantly effective in reducing the intensity of radiation dermatitis, positively affecting the quality of life of the patients.
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Koklesova L, Liskova A, Samec M, Qaradakhi T, Zulli A, Smejkal K, Kajo K, Jakubikova J, Behzadi P, Pec M, Zubor P, Biringer K, Kwon TK, Büsselberg D, Sarria GR, Giordano FA, Golubnitschaja O, Kubatka P. Genoprotective activities of plant natural substances in cancer and chemopreventive strategies in the context of 3P medicine. EPMA J 2020; 11:261-287. [PMID: 32547652 PMCID: PMC7272522 DOI: 10.1007/s13167-020-00210-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Severe durable changes may occur to the DNA structure caused by exogenous and endogenous risk factors initiating the process of carcinogenesis. By evidence, a large portion of malignancies have been demonstrated as being preventable. Moreover, the targeted prevention of cancer onset is possible, due to unique properties of plant bioactive compounds. Although genoprotective effects of phytochemicals have been well documented, there is an evident lack of articles which would systematically present the spectrum of anticancer effects by phytochemicals, plant extracts, and plant-derived diet applicable to stratified patient groups at the level of targeted primary (cancer development) and secondary (cancer progression and metastatic disease) prevention. Consequently, clinical implementation of knowledge accumulated in the area is still highly restricted. To stimulate coherent co-development of the dedicated plant bioactive compound investigation on one hand and comprehensive cancer preventive strategies on the other hand, the current paper highlights and deeply analyses relevant evidence available in the area. Key molecular mechanisms are presented to detail genoprotective and anticancer activities of plants and phytochemicals. Clinical implementation is discussed. Based on the presented evidence, advanced chemopreventive strategies in the context of 3P medicine are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lenka Koklesova
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Alena Liskova
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Marek Samec
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Tawar Qaradakhi
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Anthony Zulli
- Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, Melbourne, VIC Australia
| | - Karel Smejkal
- Department of Natural Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Masaryk University, 612 42 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Karol Kajo
- Department of Pathology, St. Elisabeth Oncology Institute, 812 50 Bratislava, Slovakia
- Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, 845 05 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Jana Jakubikova
- Biomedical Research Center SAS, Cancer Research Institute, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Payam Behzadi
- Department of Microbiology, College of Basic Sciences, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Martin Pec
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Pavol Zubor
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway
- OBGY Health & Care, Ltd., 01001 Zilina, Slovakia
| | - Kamil Biringer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 036 01 Martin, Slovakia
| | - Taeg Kyu Kwon
- Department of Immunology and School of Medicine, Keimyung University, Dalseo-Gu, Daegu, 42601 Korea
| | - Dietrich Büsselberg
- Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Education City, Qatar Foundation, P.O. Box 24144, Doha, Qatar
| | - Gustavo R. Sarria
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Frank A. Giordano
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Olga Golubnitschaja
- Predictive, Preventive and Personalised (3P) Medicine, Department of Radiation Oncology, University Hospital Bonn, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Peter Kubatka
- Department of Medical Biology, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine, Comenius University in Bratislava, 03601 Martin, Slovakia
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Soltani GM, Hemati S, Sarvizadeh M, Kamalinejad M, Tafazoli V, Latifi SA. Efficacy of the plantago major L. syrup on radiation induced oral mucositis in head and neck cancer patients: A randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial. Complement Ther Med 2020; 51:102397. [PMID: 32507421 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2020.102397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Revised: 02/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oral mucositis is a complication of radiation therapy in cancer patients. We designed a trial to evaluate efficacy of plantago major on symptoms of radiation induced mucositis in cancer patients. METHODS In this randomized double blind, placebo-controlled trial 23 patients received plantago major syrup as intervention group and 23 patients received placebo syrup as control group for 7 weeks. Outcome measures were severity of mucositis according to WHO scale and severity of patients' pain assessed by visual analogue scale. RESULTS Severity of mucositis were significantly lower in intervention group compared to placebo group (p value<0.05). Also patients in intervention group experienced significantly less pain compared to placebo group during radiotherapy period (p value<0.05) CONCLUSION: Plantago major L syrup was effective on the reduction of the symptoms of radiation induced mucositis in patients with head and neck cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gholamreza Mohammad Soltani
- Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center (TCMRC), Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
| | - Simin Hemati
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Mostafa Sarvizadeh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Mohammad Kamalinejad
- School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Vahid Tafazoli
- Department of Persian Medicine, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Seied AmirHossein Latifi
- Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center (TCMRC), Arak University of Medical Sciences, Arak, Iran.
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Hasheminasab FS, Hashemi SM, Dehghan A, Sharififar F, Setayesh M, Sasanpour P, Tasbandi M, Raeiszadeh M. Effects of a Plantago ovata-based herbal compound in prevention and treatment of oral mucositis in patients with breast cancer receiving chemotherapy: A double-blind, randomized, controlled crossover trial. J Integr Med 2020; 18:214-221. [PMID: 32268991 DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2020.02.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Accepted: 01/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Oral mucositis (OM) is one of the most common complications of mucotoxic cancer therapy. Mucositis induces clinically significant pain, increases the risk of infections and affects the patients' quality of life. OBJECTIVE This study investigated the effects of an herbal preparation from Plantago ovata hydrocolloid in the prevention and treatment of OM, in breast cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy with a regimen including adriamycin. DESIGN, SETTING, PARTICIPANTS, AND INTERVENTIONS This research was a double-blind, randomized, controlled crossover trial. The herbal compound consisted of a mixture of 500 mg of P. ovate husk in 30 mL water plus three drops of vinegar per dose, which was used as a mouthwash. Phytochemical and physicochemical tests of the compound were also performed. Twenty-eight patients who developed mucositis during the chemotherapy screening cycle were randomized to the herbal compound (n = 14) and placebo (n = 14) groups. They received herbal compound or placebo three times per day during their next chemotherapy cycle (cycle 1 of treatment). Patients were crossed over during cycle 2 of treatment and received the alternative therapy. An oral care protocol was prescribed to all patients in cycles 1 and 2 of the treatment. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES The patients were visited at baseline, the end of the first and second weeks of the screening cycle, and the end of the first and second weeks of each of two treatment cycles. The degree of mucositis was used as the main treatment outcome. Other indexes, such as the severity of pain, xerostomia grade and the quality of life were also measured. RESULTS Compared with the placebo, the herbal compound significantly reduced the degree of mucositis, the severity of pain and the xerostomia grade; it also improved the patients' quality of life (P < 0.05). Comparison between the screening cycle and placebo treatment group showed that the oral care protocol had a significant effect in the reduction of OM (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The oral care protocol and the herbal compound based on P. ovata are effective ways for preventing and treating OM in patients undergoing mucotoxic cancer therapy. TRIAL REGISTRATION Iranian registry of clinical trials IRCT20180923041093N1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Sadat Hasheminasab
- Herbal and Traditional Medicines Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7616913555, Iran; Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7618843883, Iran
| | - Seyed Mehdi Hashemi
- Clinical Immunology Research Center, Ali-ebne Abitaleb Hospital, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan 9816743111, Iran
| | - Azizallah Dehghan
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Sciences, Fasa 7461686688, Iran
| | - Fariba Sharififar
- Herbal and Traditional Medicines Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7616913555, Iran
| | - Mohammad Setayesh
- Herbal and Traditional Medicines Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7616913555, Iran; Department of Traditional Medicine, School of Traditional Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7618843883, Iran.
| | - Pegah Sasanpour
- Medical School, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan 9816743175, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Tasbandi
- Medical School, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan 9816743175, Iran
| | - Mahboobeh Raeiszadeh
- Herbal and Traditional Medicines Research Center, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7616913555, Iran; Department of Traditional Pharmacy, School of Traditional Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7618843883, Iran
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Yarom N, Hovan A, Bossi P, Ariyawardana A, Jensen SB, Gobbo M, Saca-Hazboun H, Kandwal A, Majorana A, Ottaviani G, Pentenero M, Nasr NM, Rouleau T, Lucas AS, Treister NS, Zur E, Ranna V, Vaddi A, Barasch A, Lalla RV, Cheng KKF, Elad S; Mucositis Study Group of the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer / International Society of Oral Oncology (MASCC/ISOO). Systematic review of natural and miscellaneous agents, for the management of oral mucositis in cancer patients and clinical practice guidelines - part 2: honey, herbal compounds, saliva stimulants, probiotics, and miscellaneous agents. Support Care Cancer 2020; 28:2457-72. [PMID: 32056010 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-019-05256-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To update the clinical practice guidelines for the management of oral mucositis (OM) that were developed by the Multinational Association of Supportive Care in Cancer/International Society of Oral Oncology (MASCC/ISOO). This part focuses on honey, herbal compounds, saliva stimulants, probiotics, and miscellaneous agents. METHODS A systematic review was conducted by the Mucositis Study Group of MASCC/ISOO. The body of evidence for each intervention, in each clinical setting, was assigned an evidence level. The findings were added to the database used to develop the 2014 MASCC/ISOO clinical practice guidelines. Based on the evidence level, one of the following guidelines were determined: Recommendation, Suggestion, No Guideline Possible. RESULTS A total of 78 papers were identified within the scope of this section, of which 49 were included in this review and merged with nine publications that were reported in the previous guidelines update. A new Suggestion was made for honey (combined topical and systemic delivery) for the prevention of OM in head and neck cancer patients receiving radiotherapy with or without chemotherapy. A new Suggestion clarified that chewing gum is not effective for the prevention of OM in pediatric patients with hematological or solid cancer treated with chemotherapy. No guideline was possible for other interventions. CONCLUSIONS Numerous natural products and herbal remedies were studied for the management of OM. Of the agents reviewed in this systematic review, a guideline in favor was made for honey (combined topical and systemic), while a guideline against was made for chewing gum. Additional research is warranted to clarify the potential of other interventions.
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Bakar A, Yao PC, Ningrum V, Liu CT, Lee SC. Beneficial Biological Activities of Cinnamomum osmophloeum and its Potential Use in the Alleviation of Oral Mucositis: A Systematic Review. Biomedicines 2020; 8:E3. [PMID: 31906292 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines8010003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Revised: 12/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this review was to provide an updated overview of studies on the medical-biological activities of Cinnamomum osmophloeum (C. osmophloeum) in vitro and in vivo and the potential therapeutic use of natural agents prepared from this plant for the alleviation of oral mucositis (OM). Reported articles were collected using web search engine tools. The systematic review was organized according to the preferred reporting items for reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) statement. Additional sources were identified through cross-referencing to identify the potential use of C. osmophloeum in the alleviation of OM. The results disclosed that C. osmophloeum is comprised of bioactive ingredients that could act diversely as a reagent in anti-inflammation, antibacterial, antioxidant, anti-hyperglycemic, antidyslipidemia, anti-cancer, renal disease therapy and anti-hyperuricemia capacities. Recent studies revealed that the overall effects on anti-inflammation, wound repair, and the antibacterial and antioxidant activities of its constituents would act as a potential remedy for oral mucositis. Up-to-date in vitro and in vivo studies on the medical-biological activities of C. osmophloeum suggested that C. osmophloeum and its constituents could be promising remedies as adjuvants in OM therapy and warrant further investigation.
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Razmara F, Khayamzadeh M. An Investigation into the Prevalence and Treatment of Oral Mucositis After Cancer Treatment. Int J Cancer Manag 2019; 12. [DOI: 10.5812/ijcm.88405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Poordast T, Najib FS, Tanide N, Kanani A, Mokhtari M, Chaman-Ara K. Comparing the effects of Triptorelin and Calendula officinalis on size and pathology of induced endometriosis in rats. Journal of Endometriosis and Pelvic Pain Disorders 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/2284026519855293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background: Endometriosis is defined as the growth of endometrial glands and stoma extra-uterine sites. It is an estrogen-dependent inflammatory disease estimated to affect 10% of women of reproductive age. This study aimed at comparing the effects of Triptorelin and Calendula officinalis on the induced endometriosis in female rats. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study in an animal model, 52 rats with induced endometriosis were divided into four groups. The control group was treated with 0.5 mL/kg normal saline orally, the second group with single intramuscular injection of Triptorelin S.R.11.25 (3 mg/kg), the third group with Calendula 1000 mg/kg, and the fourth group with Calendula 2000 mg/kg for 6 weeks. The mean area and volume of endometriosis and pathological scores of endometriotic implants were compared between groups. Results: After 6 weeks of treatment, Triptorelin was able to reduce the mean area and volume of endometriotic implants (p < 0.05), but Calendula did not have a significant effect compared to the control group. Mean rank of pathologic score in Triptorelin group had a significant difference with the control group and Calendula 1000 mg/kg (adjusted α < 0.001, adjusted α = 0.004). There was no significant difference in score between the control group and Calendula 1000 mg/kg and 2000 mg/kg. Conclusion: Based on our findings in the used doses, Calendula was not effective for the treatment of experimental endometriosis in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahere Poordast
- Laparoscopy Research Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Sadat Najib
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Nader Tanide
- Department of Pharmacology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Afsoon Kanani
- Student Research Committee, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Maral Mokhtari
- Department of Pathology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Kefayat Chaman-Ara
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Zeinsteger PA, Barberón JL, Leaden PJ, Palacios A. Antioxidant properties of Calendula officinalis L. (Asteraceae) on Fe2+-initiated peroxidation of rat brain mitochondria. Med Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-018-2254-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Abstract
A continuous challenge in cancer management is to improve treatment efficacy and
to diminish its side effects. Consequently, new conventional and unconventional
drugs and bioactive compounds from plants are constantly developed,
characterized, and used for in vitro and in vivo models. This review focuses on
the antitumor properties of Calendula officinalis, its
biological and molecular effects in tumor cells and animal models, as well as
its role in cancer palliative care. A systematic review of studies describing
the cytotoxic role of C officinalis and its therapeutic role on
cancer cells were carried out using the PubMed database. Albeit C
officinalis extracts have cytotoxic activity toward different
cancer cell lines, a high grade of variation between studies was observed,
depending on plant organ subjected to extraction, extraction method, and the
cancer cell lines used for each study. Nevertheless, its cytotoxic activity is
related to a few bioactive compounds, presenting multiple roles in both
activation of proapoptotic proteins and decreasing the expression of the
proteins that inhibit cell death. Moreover, due to its anti-genotoxic/protective
as well as antitumor and antimetastatic effects proven in animal models,
C officinalis could have important future implications in
developing novel cancer treatment strategies, while until now it has been used
especially for diminishing the side effects of radiotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Cruceriu
- 1 The Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta," Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,2 "Babes-Bolyai" University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ovidiu Balacescu
- 1 The Oncology Institute "Prof. Dr. Ion Chiricuta," Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,3 University of Medicine and Pharmacy "Iuliu Hatieganu," Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Elena Rakosy
- 2 "Babes-Bolyai" University, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Nagi R, Patil DJ, Rakesh N, Jain S, Sahu S. Natural agents in the management of oral mucositis in cancer patients-systematic review. J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2018; 8:245-254. [PMID: 30191118 PMCID: PMC6107930 DOI: 10.1016/j.jobcr.2017.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2017] [Revised: 08/16/2017] [Accepted: 12/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Oral mucositis is most severe complication of cancer therapy characterized by ulcerative lesions of oral mucosa causing negative impact on patient's quality of life. Wide variety of therapeutic agents are available to reduce the lesions of mucositis. Currently, natural herbal remedies have become popular in treating this condition due to fewer side effects than synthetic drugs. AIM The aim of this systematic review is to compile evidence based studies to evaluate the effectiveness of natural agents in the management of oral mucositis induced by chemotherapy or radiotherapy in cancer patients. MATERIALS AND METHOD Computerized literature searches were performed to identify all published articles in the subject. The following databases were used: PUBMED [MEDLINE], SCOPUS, COCHRANE DATABASE, EMBASE and SCIENCE DIRECT using specific keywords. The search was for limited articles published in English which were read in full by two authors. RESULTS Twenty six randomized controlled trials satisfied our inclusion criteria. Most studies showed statistically significant result demonstrating the efficacy of natural agents with minimal side effects except manuka honey which was not tolerated by few patients. CONCLUSION Natural agents proved to be promising in healing cancer induced oral mucositis but future demands further randomized controlled clinical trials on these agents which should also be focused on drug interactions of the natural remedies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravleen Nagi
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, New Horizon Dental College and Research, Sakri, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India
| | - Deepa Jatti Patil
- Department of Oral medicine and Radiology, Swami Devi Dyal Dental College, Panchkula Haryana, India
| | - N. Rakesh
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, MS Ramaiah University of Applied Sciences, MSRIT Post, Mathikere, Bangalore, Karnataka, India
| | - Supreet Jain
- Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, New Horizon Dental College and Research Institute, Sakri, Bilaspur, India
| | - Shashikant Sahu
- Burn and Cosmetic Surgeon, Burn and Trauma Centre, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, India
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Aghamohammadi A, Moslemi D, Akbari J, Ghasemi A, Azadbakht M, Asgharpour A, Hosseinimehr SJ. The effectiveness of Zataria extract mouthwash for the management of radiation-induced oral mucositis in patients: a randomized placebo-controlled double-blind study. Clin Oral Investig 2018; 22:2263-2272. [DOI: 10.1007/s00784-017-2324-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2017] [Accepted: 12/20/2017] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Buzzi M, Freitas FD, Winter MDB. Pressure ulcer healing with Plenusdermax® Calendula officinalis L. extract. Rev Bras Enferm 2017; 69:250-7. [PMID: 27280560 DOI: 10.1590/0034-7167.2016690207i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2015] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar os benefícios terapêuticos do extrato de bioativos de Calendula officinalis Plenusdermax® na cicatrização de úlceras de pressão. Métodos: estudo observacional de coorte realizado com quarenta e um pacientes com diagnóstico de úlcera por pressão com tamanho da ferida estável por mais de três meses. Os pacientes foram avaliados quinzenalmente durante 30 semanas, em relação a redução da área da lesão, controle de infecção, tipos de tecido e exsudato e microbiologia das úlceras. Resultados: a proporção de pacientes que cicatrizaram completamente após 15 e 30 semanas de tratamento foi 63% e 88%, respectivamente, sendo que a média de tempo de cicatrização foi de 12,5 ± 7,8 semanas. Não foram observados eventos adversos durante o tratamento. Conclusão: os resultados do estudo indicam que Plenusdermax® de bioativos de C. officinalis é um tratamento seguro que promove a cicatrização de úlceras de pressão.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcelo Buzzi
- Rede Sarah de Hospitais de Reabilitação, Brasília DF , Brasil, Rede Sarah de Hospitais de Reabilitação. Brasília-DF, Brasil
| | - Franciele de Freitas
- Phytoplenus Bioativos Sociedade Anônima, Pinhais PR , Brasil, Phytoplenus Bioativos Sociedade Anônima. Pinhais-PR, Brasil
| | - Marcos de Barros Winter
- Hospital da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Curitiba, Departamento de Dermatologia, Curitiba PR , Brazil, Hospital da Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Curitiba, Departamento de Dermatologia. Curitiba-PR, Brasil., Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Curitiba
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Marucci L, Farneti A, Di Ridolfi P, Pinnaro P, Pellini R, Giannarelli D, Vici P, Conte M, Landoni V, Sanguineti G. Double-blind randomized phase III study comparing a mixture of natural agents versus placebo in the prevention of acute mucositis during chemoradiotherapy for head and neck cancer. Head Neck 2017; 39:1761-1769. [DOI: 10.1002/hed.24832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2016] [Revised: 02/09/2017] [Accepted: 04/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Laura Marucci
- Department of Radiation Oncology; Regina Elena National Cancer Institute; Rome Italy
| | - Alessia Farneti
- Department of Radiation Oncology; Regina Elena National Cancer Institute; Rome Italy
| | - Paolo Di Ridolfi
- Department of Radiation Oncology; Regina Elena National Cancer Institute; Rome Italy
| | - Paola Pinnaro
- Department of Radiation Oncology; Regina Elena National Cancer Institute; Rome Italy
| | - Raul Pellini
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery; Regina Elena National Cancer Institute; Rome Italy
| | - Diana Giannarelli
- Department of Statistics; Regina Elena National Cancer Institute; Rome Italy
| | - Patrizia Vici
- Department of Medical Oncology 2; Regina Elena National Cancer Institute; Rome Italy
| | - Mario Conte
- Department of Radiation Oncology; Regina Elena National Cancer Institute; Rome Italy
| | - Valeria Landoni
- Department of Physics; Regina Elena National Cancer Institute; Rome Italy
| | - Giuseppe Sanguineti
- Department of Radiation Oncology; Regina Elena National Cancer Institute; Rome Italy
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Moslemi D, Nokhandani AM, Otaghsaraei MT, Moghadamnia Y, Kazemi S, Moghadamnia AA. Management of chemo/radiation-induced oral mucositis in patients with head and neck cancer: A review of the current literature. Radiother Oncol 2016; 120:13-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2015] [Revised: 04/03/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Miguel M, Barros L, Pereira C, Calhelha RC, Garcia PA, Castro M, Santos-Buelga C, Ferreira ICFR. Chemical characterization and bioactive properties of two aromatic plants: Calendula officinalis L. (flowers) and Mentha cervina L. (leaves). Food Funct 2016; 7:2223-32. [PMID: 27110832 DOI: 10.1039/c6fo00398b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The chemical composition and bioactive properties of two plants (Calendula officinalis L. and Mentha cervina L.) were studied. Their nutritional value revealed a high content of carbohydrates and low fat levels, and very similar energy values. However, they presented different profiles in phenolic compounds and fatty acids; C. officinalis presented mainly glycosylated flavonols and saturated fatty acids, while M. cervina presented mainly caffeoyl derivatives and polyunsaturated fatty acids. M. cervina showed the highest concentration of phenolic compounds while C. officinalis presented higher amounts of sugars, organic acids and tocopherols. The highest antioxidant and cytotoxic activities were obtained for the hydromethanolic extract of M. cervina, which presented the lowest values of EC50 and exhibited cytotoxicity against the four tumor cell lines tested. Infusions showed no cytotoxicity for the tumor cell lines, and none of the extracts showed toxicity against non-tumor cells. This study contributes to expand the knowledge on both natural sources and therefore their use.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Miguel
- Centro de Investigação de Montanha (CIMO), ESA, Instituto Politécnico de Bragança, Campus de Santa Apolónia, 1172, 5301-855 Bragança, Portugal.
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Bo Z, Xiang Q, Shan-Ming R, Wang B, De-Hou D, Liang X, Qing-Lin L, Feng T, Min-He S. Investigation on Molecular Mechanism of Fibroblast Regulation and the Treatment of Recurrent Oral Ulcer by Shuizhongcao Granule-Containing Serum. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2015; 2015:324091. [PMID: 26557145 DOI: 10.1155/2015/324091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Revised: 05/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
The purpose is to study the intervention, proliferation, and differentiation on fibroblast by Shuizhongcao Granule during the treatment of ROU and investigate the action mechanism in inflammatory microenvironment. Proliferation of rat fibroblasts was detected using CCK8. Western blot was used to detect the effect of drug-containing serum on the expression of protein associated with NF-κB and ERK pathway in rat fibroblasts. Expression of IL-10 and IL-12 was detected by PCR. Shuizhongcao Granule group successfully inhibited proliferation of rat fibroblast. Western blot results revealed that p65 and IKKB were significantly less expressed in Chinese medicine group, while pIκBα and pIKKαβ expression were significantly increased. We have also found that in this group the expression of pAKT was evidently suppressed and expression of pERK significantly decreased. PCR results showed significantly decreased expression levels of IL-10 and 1IL-12b in Chinese medicine group, while the expression of IL-12a was increased. Our results suggest that Shuizhongcao Granule can suppress the proliferation of fibroblast and inhibit the activation of NF-κB and thus suppress inflammatory reactions, possibly involving the inhibited expression of phosphorylated AKT, rather than the canonical pathway. Furthermore, it can inhibit ERK pathway and reduce IL-10 and IL-12b gene expression while enhancing IL-12a expression.
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Giacomelli I, Scartoni D, Fiammetta M, Baki M, Zei G, Muntoni C, Cappelli S, Greto D, Scoccianti S, Livi L. Oral Lapacho-Based Medication: An Easy, Safe, and Feasible Support to Prevent and/or Reduce Oral Mucositis During Radiotherapy for Head and Neck Cancer. Nutr Cancer 2015; 67:1247-53. [PMID: 26451712 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2015.1082114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
The aim of our Phase II study is to demonstrate the benefits, safety, and tolerance of Orasol Plus, an easy and feasible Lapacho-based medication. Orasol Plus is a nutritional, swallowable solution, useful to support the defenses of the oropharyngeal mucosa. Between January and June 2014, 40 consecutive adult patients affected by head and neck cancer were enrolled. Orasol Plus was administered 3 times a day from the first day till the end of radiotherapy. Primary endpoint was to evaluate tolerance and safety of Orasol Plus; secondary endpoint was to evaluate the effect of Orasol Plus on the incidence of treatment discontinuation. Nearly all patients used Orasol Plus easily till the end of radiotherapy without interruptions. Only 11 (27.5%) patients developed oral mucositis (OM) Grade 2 and only 4 (10%) patients OM Grade 3, no patient developed OM Grade 4. No patient discontinued radiotherapy because of OM. Orasol Plus was well tolerated and the compliance of patients was optimal, mainly due to the fact that it can be swallowed. Data from our study are encouraging and they need to be confirmed by a Phase III study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Giacomelli
- a Department of Radiation Oncology , University of Florence , Florence , Italy
| | - Daniele Scartoni
- a Department of Radiation Oncology , University of Florence , Florence , Italy
| | - Meacci Fiammetta
- a Department of Radiation Oncology , University of Florence , Florence , Italy
| | - Muhammed Baki
- a Department of Radiation Oncology , University of Florence , Florence , Italy
| | - Giacomo Zei
- a Department of Radiation Oncology , University of Florence , Florence , Italy
| | - Cristina Muntoni
- a Department of Radiation Oncology , University of Florence , Florence , Italy
| | - Sabrina Cappelli
- a Department of Radiation Oncology , University of Florence , Florence , Italy
| | - Daniela Greto
- a Department of Radiation Oncology , University of Florence , Florence , Italy
| | - Silvia Scoccianti
- a Department of Radiation Oncology , University of Florence , Florence , Italy
| | - Lorenzo Livi
- a Department of Radiation Oncology , University of Florence , Florence , Italy
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Abstract
Oral mucositis is a common side effect of systemic chemotherapy and radiotherapy of head and neck in patients with cancer. Severe oral mucositis is painful and affects oral functions, including intake of food and medications and speech. Prevention of oral mucositis affects the life quality of patients. Recent studies have been focused on natural products to improve or reduce this complication. Many clinical trials have been performed to assess natural products for treatment of mucositis and their results are promising. The authors reviewed the evidence for natural products in the prevention and treatment of oral mucositis induced by radiation therapy and chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azar Aghamohamamdi
- Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran Department of Midwifery, Sari Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sari, Iran
| | - Seyed Jalal Hosseinimehr
- Traditional and Complementary Medicine Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran Department of Radiopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran
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Kodiyan J, Amber KT. A Review of the Use of Topical Calendula in the Prevention and Treatment of Radiotherapy-Induced Skin Reactions. Antioxidants (Basel) 2015; 4:293-303. [PMID: 26783706 PMCID: PMC4665477 DOI: 10.3390/antiox4020293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 04/16/2015] [Accepted: 04/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Calendula is a topical agent derived from a plant of the marigold family Calendula Officinalis. Containing numerous polyphenolic antioxidants, calendula has been studied in both the laboratory and clinical setting for the use in treating and preventing radiation induced skin toxicity. Despite strong evidence in the laboratory supporting calendula's mechanism of action in preventing radiation induced skin toxicity, clinical studies have demonstrated mixed results. In light of the controversy surrounding the efficacy of calendula in treating and preventing radiodermatitis, the topic warrants further discussion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joyson Kodiyan
- Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1600 Northwest 10th Avenue, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
| | - Kyle T Amber
- Department of Medical Education, Macneal Hospital, 3231 South Euclid Avenue, Suite 203 Berwyn, IL 60402, USA.
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Eilers J, Harris D, Henry K, Johnson LA. Evidence-Based Interventions for Cancer Treatment-Related Mucositis: Putting Evidence Into Practice. Clin J Oncol Nurs 2014; 18 Suppl:80-96. [DOI: 10.1188/14.cjon.s3.80-96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Grimm M, Cetindis M, Lehmann M, Biegner T, Munz A, Teriete P, Kraut W, Reinert S. Association of cancer metabolism-related proteins with oral carcinogenesis - indications for chemoprevention and metabolic sensitizing of oral squamous cell carcinoma? J Transl Med 2014; 12:208. [PMID: 25048361 PMCID: PMC4110933 DOI: 10.1186/1479-5876-12-208] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Accepted: 07/02/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Tumor metabolism is a crucial factor for the carcinogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Methods Expression of IGF-R1, glycolysis-related proteins (GLUT-1, HK 2, PFK-1, LDHA, TKTL1), mitochondrial enzymes (SDHA, SDHB, ATP synthase) were analyzed in normal oral mucosa (n = 5), oral precursor lesions (simple hyperplasia, n = 11; squamous intraepithelial neoplasia, SIN I-III, n = 35), and OSCC specimen (n = 42) by immunohistochemistry and real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis in OSCC cell lines. Metabolism-related proteins were correlated with proliferation activity (Ki-67) and apoptotic properties (TUNEL assay) in OSCC. Specificity of antibodies was confirmed by western blotting in cancer cell lines. Results Expression of IGF-R1, glycolysis-related proteins (GLUT-1, HK 2, LDHA, TKTL1), and mitochondrial enzymes (SDHA, SDHB, ATP synthase) were significantly increased in the carcinogenesis of OSCC. Metabolic active regions of OSCC were strongly correlated with proliferating cancer (Ki-67+) cells without detection of apoptosis (TUNEL assay). Conclusions This study provides the first evidence of the expression of IGF-R1, glycolysis-related proteins GLUT-1, HK 2, PFK-1, LDHA, and TKTL1, as well as mitochondrial enzymes SDHA, SDHB, and ATP synthase in the multi-step carcinogenesis of OSCC. Both, hypoxia-related glucose metabolism and mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation characteristics are associated with the carcinogenesis of OSCC. Acidosis and OXPHOS may drive a metabolic shift towards the pentose phosphate pathway (PPP). Therefore, inhibition of the PPP, glycolysis, and targeted anti-mitochondrial therapies (ROS generation) by natural compounds or synthetic vitamin derivatives may act as sensitizer for apoptosis in cancer cells mediated by adjuvant therapies in OSCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Grimm
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Tuebingen, Osianderstrasse 2-8, Tuebingen 72076, Germany.
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Chang JW, Choi JW, Lee BH, Park JK, Shin YS, Oh YT, Noh OK, Kim CH. Protective effects of Korean red ginseng on radiation-induced oral mucositis in a preclinical rat model. Nutr Cancer 2014; 66:400-7. [PMID: 24617451 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2014.884234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Numerous studies' attempts to improve radiation-induced oral mucositis have not produced a qualified treatment yet. Our aim was to investigate the effectiveness of Korean red ginseng (KRG) on radiation-induced damage in an in vivo rat model. After 20 Gy of irradiation, rats were divided randomly into the following 4 groups: control, KRG only, radiotherapy (RT) only, and RT + KRG group. The rats were monitored in terms of survival rate, activity, mucositis grade, oral intake, and body weight. The tongue, buccal mucosa, and submandibular gland (SMG) were harvested, and the weight of the SMG was analyzed. The samples then underwent hematoxylin and eosin, TUNEL, and immunohistochemical staining. Radiation-induced severe oral mucositis and SMG injury led to poor oral intake and delayed healing, resulting in the death of some rats. We found that survival rate, oral intake, and body weight increased. Moreover, rats treated with KRG showed less severe mucositis and decreased histologic changes of the oral mucosa and SMG. Furthermore, we showed that the protective effects of KRG were caused by inhibition of the apoptotic signal transduction pathway linked to caspase-3. In conclusion, KRG protects the oral mucosa and SMG from radiation-induced damage by inhibiting caspase-mediated apoptosis in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jae Won Chang
- a Department of Otolaryngology, School of Medicine , Ajou University, Suwon, Korea and Center for Cell Death Regulating Biodrugs, School of Medicine, Ajou University , Suwon , Korea
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Khairnar MS, Pawar B, Marawar PP, Mani A. Evaluation of Calendula officinalis as an anti-plaque and anti-gingivitis agent. J Indian Soc Periodontol 2014; 17:741-7. [PMID: 24554883 PMCID: PMC3917203 DOI: 10.4103/0972-124x.124491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2011] [Accepted: 09/15/2013] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Calendula officinalis (C. officinalis), commonly known as pot marigold, is a medicinal herb with excellent antimicrobial, wound healing, and anti-inflammatory activity. Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of C. officinalis in reducing dental plaque and gingival inflammation. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and forty patients within the age group of 20-40 years were enrolled in this study with their informed consent. Patients having gingivitis (probing depth (PD) ≤3 mm), with a complaint of bleeding gums were included in this study. Patients with periodontitis PD ≥ 4 mm, desquamative gingivitis, acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (ANUG), smokers under antibiotic coverage, and any other history of systemic diseases or conditions, including pregnancy, were excluded from the study. The subjects were randomly assigned into two groups – test group (n = 120) and control group (n = 120). All the test group patients were advised to dilute 2 ml of tincture of calendula with 6 ml of distilled water and rinse their mouths once in the morning and once in the evening for six months. Similarly, the control group patients were advised to use 8 ml distilled water (placebo) as control mouthwash and rinse mouth twice daily for six months. Clinical parameters like the plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), sulcus bleeding index (SBI), and oral hygiene index-simplified (OHI-S) were recorded at baseline (first visit), third month (second visit), and sixth month (third visit) by the same operator, to rule out variable results. During the second visit, after recording the clinical parameters, each patient was subjected to undergo a thorough scaling procedure. Patients were instructed to carry out regular routine oral hygiene maintenance without any reinforcement in it. Results: In the absence of scaling (that is, between the first and second visit), the test group showed a statistically significant reduction in the scores of PI, GI, SBI (except OHI-S) (P < 0.05), whereas, the control group showed no reduction in scores when the baseline scores were compared with the third month scores. Also, when scaling was performed during the third month (second visit), there was statistically significant reduction in the scores of all parameters, when the third month scores were compared with the sixth month scores in both groups (P < 0.05), but the test group showed a significantly greater reduction in the PI, GI, SBI, and OHI-S scores compared to those of the control group. Conclusion: Within the limits of this study, it can be concluded that calendula mouthwash is effective in reducing dental plaque and gingivitis adjunctive to scaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mayur Sudhakar Khairnar
- Department of Periodontology, Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences, Rural Dental College, Loni, Rahata, Ahmed Nagar, Maharashtra, India
| | - Babita Pawar
- Department of Periodontology, Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences, Rural Dental College, Loni, Rahata, Ahmed Nagar, Maharashtra, India
| | - Pramod Parashram Marawar
- Department of Periodontology, Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences, Rural Dental College, Loni, Rahata, Ahmed Nagar, Maharashtra, India
| | - Ameet Mani
- Department of Periodontology, Pravara Institute of Medical Sciences, Rural Dental College, Loni, Rahata, Ahmed Nagar, Maharashtra, India
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