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Wu H, Ma W, Wang Y, Wang Y, Sun X, Zheng Q. Gut microbiome-metabolites axis: A friend or foe to colorectal cancer progression. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116410. [PMID: 38460373 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024] Open
Abstract
An expanding corpus of research robustly substantiates the complex interrelation between gut microbiota and the onset, progression, and metastasis of colorectal cancer. Investigations in both animal models and human subjects have consistently underscored the role of gut bacteria in a variety of metabolic activities, driven by dietary intake. These activities include amino acid metabolism, carbohydrate fermentation, and the generation and regulation of bile acids. These metabolic derivatives, in turn, have been identified as significant contributors to the progression of colorectal cancer. This thorough review meticulously explores the dynamic interaction between gut bacteria and metabolites derived from the breakdown of amino acids, fatty acid metabolism, and bile acid synthesis. Notably, bile acids have been recognized for their potential carcinogenic properties, which may expedite tumor development. Extensive research has revealed a reciprocal influence of gut microbiota on the intricate spectrum of colorectal cancer pathologies. Furthermore, strategies to modulate gut microbiota, such as dietary modifications or probiotic supplementation, may offer promising avenues for both the prevention and adjunctive treatment of colorectal cancer. Nevertheless, additional research is imperative to corroborate these findings and enhance our comprehension of the underlying mechanisms in colorectal cancer development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Wu
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medicine College, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Wenmeng Ma
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medicine College, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Yiyao Wang
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medicine College, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- Department of anesthesiology, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Xun Sun
- Department of Immunology, Basic Medicine College, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, PR China.
| | - Qianqian Zheng
- Department of Pathophysiology, Basic Medicine College, China Medical University, No.77 Puhe Road, Shenyang North New Area, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, PR China.
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2
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Chen Z, Yu L, Liu J, Kong J, Deng X, Guo X, Shan J, Zhou D, Li W, Lin Y, Huang W, Zeng W, Shi X, Bai Y, Fan H. Gut microbiota dynamics and fecal SCFAs after colonoscopy: accelerating microbiome stabilization by Clostridium butyricum. J Transl Med 2024; 22:222. [PMID: 38429821 PMCID: PMC10908214 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-024-05031-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 03/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colonoscopy is a classic diagnostic method with possible complications including abdominal pain and diarrhoea. In this study, gut microbiota dynamics and related metabolic products during and after colonoscopy were explored to accelerate gut microbiome balance through probiotics. METHODS The gut microbiota and fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were analyzed in four healthy subjects before and after colonoscopy, along with seven individuals supplemented with Clostridium butyricum. We employed 16S rRNA sequencing and GC-MS to investigate these changes. We also conducted bioinformatic analysis to explore the buk gene, encoding butyrate kinase, across C. butyricum strains from the human gut. RESULTS The gut microbiota and fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) of four healthy subjects were recovered on the 7th day after colonoscopy. We found that Clostridium and other bacteria might have efficient butyric acid production through bioinformatic analysis of the buk and assessment of the transcriptional level of the buk. Supplementation of seven healthy subjects with Clostridium butyricum after colonoscopy resulted in a quicker recovery and stabilization of gut microbiota and fecal SCFAs on the third day. CONCLUSION We suggest that supplementation of Clostridium butyricum after colonoscopy should be considered in future routine clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhenhui Chen
- Department of Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lu Yu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiaxin Liu
- Department of Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jingjing Kong
- Department of Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoshi Deng
- Department of Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaotong Guo
- Department of Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiamin Shan
- Department of Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Daixuan Zhou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Inst. Of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wendan Li
- Department of Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yangfan Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Inst. Of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wanwen Huang
- Department of Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Weisen Zeng
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xinlong Shi
- Department of Colorectal Surgery, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, China
| | - Yang Bai
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology, Inst. Of Gastroenterology of Guangdong Province, Department of Gastroenterology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
| | - Hongying Fan
- Department of Microbiology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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van den Berg FF, Besselink MG, van Santvoort H. Short-chain fatty acids in patients with severe acute pancreatitis: friend or foe? Gut 2024:gutjnl-2024-332129. [PMID: 38360070 DOI: 10.1136/gutjnl-2024-332129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Affiliation(s)
- Fons F van den Berg
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Prevention, Amsterdam UMC Locatie AMC, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, Netherlands
| | - Marc G Besselink
- Department of Surgery, Amsterdam UMC Locatie VUmc, Amsterdam, Noord-Holland, Netherlands
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Jangi S, Moyer J, Sandlow S, Fu M, Chen H, Shum A, Hsia K, Cersosimo L, Yeliseyev V, Zhao N, Bry L, Michaud DS. Microbial butyrate capacity is reduced in inflamed mucosa in patients with ulcerative colitis. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3479. [PMID: 38347087 PMCID: PMC10861456 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-54257-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Reduced butyrate-production capacity has been reported in fecal microbial communities in patients with active ulcerative colitis. However, the butyrate-production capacity of the mucosal microbiome from active vs quiescent mucosa in ulcerative colitis has been unexplored. We sought to determine the diversity and relative abundance of mucosal bacterial and fungal communities from endoscopically active vs quiescent mucosa in patients with UC, and aimed to predict contributions of mucosal microbial communities to butyrate synthesis. Systematic, segmental right- and left-sided biopsies were obtained from endoscopically active (n = 13) or quiescent (n = 17) colonic mucosa, among 15 patients with pan-colonic ulcerative colitis. Dietary fiber intake of patients was performed using the validated five-item FiberScreen questionnaire. Amplicon sequencing of mucosal bacteria and fungi was performed. The diversity and relative abundance of mucosal bacterial and fungal taxa were quantified, and predicted contributions to butyrate synthesis were ascertained. Bacterial alpha and beta diversity were similar between active vs quiescent mucosa. Butyrogenic taxa were significantly increased in quiescence, including Butyricimonas, Subdoligranulum, and Alistipes. Predicted butyrate kinase activity was significantly and concomitantly increased in quiescent mucosa. Fiber intake was positively correlated with butyrogenic microbes. Compared to mucosal bacterial prevalence, mucosal fungi were detected in low prevalence. Butyrogenic microbes are relatively increased in quiescent mucosa in ulcerative colitis, and may be related to increased fiber intake during quiescence. Manipulation of the mucosal microbiome towards butyrate-producing bacteria may be associated with endoscopic quiescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushrut Jangi
- Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
- Proger 3, Division of Gastroenterology, Tufts Medical Center, 800 Washington Street, Boston, MA, 02111, USA.
| | - John Moyer
- Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Sarah Sandlow
- Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - May Fu
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Hannah Chen
- Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Ann Shum
- Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Katie Hsia
- Department of Medicine, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Laura Cersosimo
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 221 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Vladimir Yeliseyev
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 221 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Naisi Zhao
- Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Ma, USA
| | - Lynn Bry
- Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 221 Longwood Ave, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Dominique S Michaud
- Public Health and Community Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, Ma, USA
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Yang Q, Zaongo SD, Zhu L, Yan J, Yang J, Ouyang J. The Potential of Clostridium butyricum to Preserve Gut Health, and to Mitigate Non-AIDS Comorbidities in People Living with HIV. Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins 2024:10.1007/s12602-024-10227-1. [PMID: 38336953 DOI: 10.1007/s12602-024-10227-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
A dramatic reduction in mortality among people living with HIV (PLWH) has been achieved during the modern antiretroviral therapy (ART) era. However, ART does not restore gut barrier function even after long-term viral suppression, allowing microbial products to enter the systemic blood circulation and induce chronic immune activation. In PLWH, a chronic state of systemic inflammation exists and persists, which increases the risk of development of inflammation-associated non-AIDS comorbidities such as metabolic disorders, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. Clostridium butyricum is a human butyrate-producing symbiont present in the gut microbiome. Convergent evidence has demonstrated favorable effects of C. butyricum for gastrointestinal health, including maintenance of the structural and functional integrity of the gut barrier, inhibition of pathogenic bacteria within the intestine, and reduction of microbial translocation. Moreover, C. butyricum supplementation has been observed to have a positive effect on various inflammation-related diseases such as diabetes, ulcerative colitis, and cancer, which are also recognized as non-AIDS comorbidities associated with epithelial gut damage. There is currently scant published research in the literature, focusing on the influence of C. butyricum in the gut of PLWH. In this hypothesis review, we speculate the use of C. butyricum as a probiotic oral supplementation may well emerge as a potential future synergistic adjunctive strategy in PLWH, in tandem with ART, to restore and consolidate intestinal barrier integrity, repair the leaky gut, prevent microbial translocation from the gut, and reduce both gut and systemic inflammation, with the ultimate objective of decreasing the risk for development of non-AIDS comorbidities in PLWH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiyu Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital & Chongqing Cancer Institute & Chongqing Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Silvere D Zaongo
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China
- Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Lijiao Zhu
- Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiangyu Yan
- Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiadan Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
| | - Jing Ouyang
- Clinical Research Center, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China.
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6
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Meng X, Shu Q. Novel primers to identify a wider diversity of butyrate-producing bacteria. World J Microbiol Biotechnol 2024; 40:76. [PMID: 38252387 DOI: 10.1007/s11274-023-03872-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024]
Abstract
Butyrate-producing bacteria are a functionally important part of the intestinal tract flora, and the resulting butyric acid is essential for maintaining host intestinal health, regulating the immune system, and influencing energy metabolism. However, butyrate-producing bacteria have not been defined as a coherent phylogenetic group. They are primarily identified using primers for key genes in the butyrate-producing pathway, and their use has been limited to the Bacillota and Bacteroidetes phyla. To overcome this limitation, we developed functional gene primers able to identify butyrate-producing bacteria through the butyrate kinase gene, which encodes the enzyme involved in the final step of the butyrate-producing pathway. Genomes extracted from human and rat feces were used to amplify the target genes through PCR. The obtained sequences were analyzed using BLASTX to construct a developmental tree using the MEGA software. The newly designed butyrate kinase gene primers allowed to recognize a wider diversity of butyrate-producing bacteria than that recognized using currently available primers. Specifically, butyrate-producing bacteria from the Synergistota and Spirochaetota phyla were identified for the first time using these primers. Thus, the developed primers provide a more accurate method for researchers and doctors to identify potential butyrate-producing bacteria and deepen our understanding of butyrate-producing bacterial species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianbin Meng
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Qinglong Shu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.
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7
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Liu X, Tang H, Huang X, Xu M. Butyrate affects bacterial virulence: a new perspective on preventing enteric bacterial pathogen invasion. Future Microbiol 2024; 19:73-84. [PMID: 38085176 DOI: 10.2217/fmb-2023-0148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Enteric bacterial pathogens are a major threat to intestinal health. With the widespread use of antibiotics, bacterial resistance has become a problem, and there is an urgent need for a new treatment to reduce dependence on antibiotics. Butyrate can control enteric bacterial pathogens by regulating the expression of their virulence genes, promoting the posttranslational modification of their proteins, maintaining an anaerobic environment, regulating the host immune system and strengthening the intestinal mucosal barrier. Here, this review describes the mechanisms by which butyrate regulates the pathogenicity of enteric bacterial pathogens from various perspectives and discusses the prospects and limitations of butyrate as a new option for the control of pathogenic bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiucheng Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212008, China
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Jiangsu University School of Medicine, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Hao Tang
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Jiangsu University School of Medicine, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Xinxiang Huang
- Department of Biochemistry & Molecular Biology, Jiangsu University School of Medicine, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
| | - Min Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212008, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, 212013, China
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8
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Liang T, Jiang T, Liang Z, Zhang N, Dong B, Wu Q, Gu B. Carbohydrate-active enzyme profiles of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strain 84-3 contribute to flavor formation in fermented dairy and vegetable products. Food Chem X 2023; 20:101036. [PMID: 38059176 PMCID: PMC10696159 DOI: 10.1016/j.fochx.2023.101036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Revised: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Microbes are critical for flavor formation in fermented foods; however, their mechanisms of action are not fully understood. The microbial composition of 51 dairy and 47 vegetable products was functionally annotated and the carbohydrate-active enzyme (CAZyme) profiles of Lactiplantibacillus plantarum 84-3 (Lp84-3), isolated from dairy samples, can promote resistant starch (RS) degradation, were analyzed. Lactobacillus, Streptococcus, and Lactococcus were the predominant genera in dairy products, whereas the major genera in vegetables were Lactobacillus, Weissella, and Carnimonas. Phages from Siphoviridae, Myoviridae, and Herelleviridae were also present in dairy products. Additionally, the glycosyl hydrolase (GHs) family members GH1 and GH13 and the glycosyltransferase (GTs) family members GT2 and GT4 were abundant in Lp84-3. Moreover, Lp84-3 was enriched in butanoate metabolism enzymes and butanoate metabolite compounds. Therefore, fermented food microbes, especially Lp84-3, have an abundant repertoire of enzymes that promote flavor production, as starter improving the flavor of fermented dairy and vegetable products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Liang
- Guangdong Cardiovascular Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Tong Jiang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Zhuang Liang
- Department of Rehabilitation Hospital Pain Ward, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China
| | - Ni Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bo Dong
- Department of Rehabilitation Hospital Pain Ward, Honghui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710054, China
| | - Qingping Wu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Microbial Safety and Health, State Key Laboratory of Applied Microbiology Southern China, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, Guangdong Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Bing Gu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital (Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences), Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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9
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Nguyen TBA, Bonkowski M, Dumack K, Chen QL, He JZ, Hu HW. Protistan predation selects for antibiotic resistance in soil bacterial communities. ISME J 2023; 17:2182-2189. [PMID: 37794244 PMCID: PMC10689782 DOI: 10.1038/s41396-023-01524-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Revised: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
Understanding how antibiotic resistance emerges and evolves in natural habitats is critical for predicting and mitigating antibiotic resistance in the context of global change. Bacteria have evolved antibiotic production as a strategy to fight competitors, predators and other stressors, but how predation pressure of their most important consumers (i.e., protists) affects soil antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) profiles is still poorly understood. To address this gap, we investigated responses of soil resistome to varying levels of protistan predation by inoculating low, medium and high concentrations of indigenous soil protist suspensions in soil microcosms. We found that an increase in protistan predation pressure was strongly associated with higher abundance and diversity of soil ARGs. High protist concentrations significantly enhanced the abundances of ARGs encoding multidrug (oprJ and ttgB genes) and tetracycline (tetV) efflux pump by 608%, 724% and 3052%, respectively. Additionally, we observed an increase in the abundance of numerous bacterial genera under high protistan pressure. Our findings provide empirical evidence that protistan predation significantly promotes antibiotic resistance in soil bacterial communities and advances our understanding of the biological driving forces behind the evolution and development of environmental antibiotic resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Bao-Anh Nguyen
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
| | - Michael Bonkowski
- Terrestrial Ecology, Institute of Zoology, University of Cologne, Köln, Germany
| | - Kenneth Dumack
- Terrestrial Ecology, Institute of Zoology, University of Cologne, Köln, Germany
| | - Qing-Lin Chen
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Ji-Zheng He
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia
| | - Hang-Wei Hu
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, Faculty of Science, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
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10
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Chen HC, Liu YW, Chang KC, Wu YW, Chen YM, Chao YK, You MY, Lundy DJ, Lin CJ, Hsieh ML, Cheng YC, Prajnamitra RP, Lin PJ, Ruan SC, Chen DHK, Shih ESC, Chen KW, Chang SS, Chang CMC, Puntney R, Moy AW, Cheng YY, Chien HY, Lee JJ, Wu DC, Hwang MJ, Coonen J, Hacker TA, Yen CLE, Rey FE, Kamp TJ, Hsieh PCH. Gut butyrate-producers confer post-infarction cardiac protection. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7249. [PMID: 37945565 PMCID: PMC10636175 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43167-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiome and its metabolites are increasingly implicated in several cardiovascular diseases, but their role in human myocardial infarction (MI) injury responses have yet to be established. To address this, we examined stool samples from 77 ST-elevation MI (STEMI) patients using 16 S V3-V4 next-generation sequencing, metagenomics and machine learning. Our analysis identified an enriched population of butyrate-producing bacteria. These findings were then validated using a controlled ischemia/reperfusion model using eight nonhuman primates. To elucidate mechanisms, we inoculated gnotobiotic mice with these bacteria and found that they can produce beta-hydroxybutyrate, supporting cardiac function post-MI. This was further confirmed using HMGCS2-deficient mice which lack endogenous ketogenesis and have poor outcomes after MI. Inoculation increased plasma ketone levels and provided significant improvements in cardiac function post-MI. Together, this demonstrates a previously unknown role of gut butyrate-producers in the post-MI response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Chih Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Wen Liu
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, 704, Taiwan
| | - Kuan-Cheng Chang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Yen-Wen Wu
- Cardiovascular Medical Center, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, 220, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ming Chen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Kai Chao
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Min-Yi You
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - David J Lundy
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical Materials and Tissue Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, 110, Taiwan
| | - Chen-Ju Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Marvin L Hsieh
- Model Organisms Research Core, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Yu-Che Cheng
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Ray P Prajnamitra
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Po-Ju Lin
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Shu-Chian Ruan
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | | | - Edward S C Shih
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Ke-Wei Chen
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan
| | - Shih-Sheng Chang
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 40447, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Cindy M C Chang
- Model Organisms Research Core, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Riley Puntney
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Amy Wu Moy
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Yuan-Yuan Cheng
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Yuan Chien
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Jung Lee
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University & Hospital, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Deng-Chyang Wu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University & Hospital, Kaohsiung, 807, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jing Hwang
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
| | - Jennifer Coonen
- Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - Timothy A Hacker
- Model Organisms Research Core, Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - C-L Eric Yen
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Federico E Rey
- Department of Bacteriology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - Timothy J Kamp
- Department of Medicine and Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - Patrick C H Hsieh
- Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, 115, Taiwan.
- Department of Medicine and Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA.
- Institute of Medical Genomics and Proteomics and Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
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11
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Chathuranga K, Shin Y, Uddin MB, Paek J, Chathuranga WAG, Seong Y, Bai L, Kim H, Shin JH, Chang YH, Lee JS. The novel immunobiotic Clostridium butyricum S-45-5 displays broad-spectrum antiviral activity in vitro and in vivo by inducing immune modulation. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1242183. [PMID: 37881429 PMCID: PMC10595006 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1242183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Clostridium butyricum is known as a probiotic butyric acid bacterium that can improve the intestinal environment. In this study, we isolated a new strain of C. butyricum from infant feces and evaluated its physiological characteristics and antiviral efficacy by modulating the innate immune responses in vitro and in vivo. The isolated C. butyricum S-45-5 showed typical characteristics of C. butyricum including bile acid resistance, antibacterial ability, and growth promotion of various lactic acid bacteria. As an antiviral effect, C. butyricum S-45-5 markedly reduced the replication of influenza A virus (PR8), Newcastle Disease Virus (NDV), and Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) in RAW264.7 cells in vitro. This suppression can be explained by the induction of antiviral state in cells by the induction of antiviral, IFN-related genes and secretion of IFNs and pro-inflammatory cytokines. In vivo, oral administration of C. butyricum S-45-5 exhibited prophylactic effects on BALB/c mice against fatal doses of highly pathogenic mouse-adapted influenza A subtypes (H1N1, H3N2, and H9N2). Before challenge with influenza virus, C. butyricum S-45-5-treated BALB/c mice showed increased levels of IFN-β, IFN-γ, IL-6, and IL-12 in serum, the small intestine, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), which correlated with observed prophylactic effects. Interestingly, after challenge with influenza virus, C. butyricum S-45-5-treated BALB/c mice showed reduced levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and relatively higher levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines at day 7 post-infection. Taken together, these findings suggest that C. butyricum S-45-5 plays an antiviral role in vitro and in vivo by inducing an antiviral state and affects immune modulation to alleviate local and systemic inflammatory responses caused by influenza virus infection. Our study provides the beneficial effects of the new C. butyricum S-45-5 with antiviral effects as a probiotic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiramage Chathuranga
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeseul Shin
- Access to Genetic Resources and Benefit-Sharing (ABS) Research Support Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Md Bashir Uddin
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medicine, Sylhet Agricultural University, Sylhet, Bangladesh
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Jayoung Paek
- Access to Genetic Resources and Benefit-Sharing (ABS) Research Support Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | | | - Yebin Seong
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Lu Bai
- Access to Genetic Resources and Benefit-Sharing (ABS) Research Support Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongik Kim
- Research and Development Division, Vitabio, Inc., Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeong Hwan Shin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Inje University College of Medicine, Busan, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Hyo Chang
- Access to Genetic Resources and Benefit-Sharing (ABS) Research Support Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Jong-Soo Lee
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
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12
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Frazier K, Manzoor S, Carroll K, DeLeon O, Miyoshi S, Miyoshi J, St. George M, Tan A, Chrisler EA, Izumo M, Takahashi JS, Rao MC, Leone VA, Chang EB. Gut microbes and the liver circadian clock partition glucose and lipid metabolism. J Clin Invest 2023; 133:e162515. [PMID: 37712426 PMCID: PMC10503806 DOI: 10.1172/jci162515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Circadian rhythms govern glucose homeostasis, and their dysregulation leads to complex metabolic diseases. Gut microbes exhibit diurnal rhythms that influence host circadian networks and metabolic processes, yet underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we showed hierarchical, bidirectional communication among the liver circadian clock, gut microbes, and glucose homeostasis in mice. To assess this relationship, we utilized mice with liver-specific deletion of the core circadian clock gene Bmal1 via Albumin-cre maintained in either conventional or germ-free housing conditions. The liver clock, but not the forebrain clock, required gut microbes to drive glucose clearance and gluconeogenesis. Liver clock dysfunctionality expanded proportions and abundances of oscillating microbial features by 2-fold relative to that in controls. The liver clock was the primary driver of differential and rhythmic hepatic expression of glucose and fatty acid metabolic pathways. Absent the liver clock, gut microbes provided secondary cues that dampened these rhythms, resulting in reduced lipid fuel utilization relative to carbohydrates. All together, the liver clock transduced signals from gut microbes that were necessary for regulating glucose and lipid metabolism and meeting energy demands over 24 hours.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katya Frazier
- Department of Medicine and
- Committee on Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Jun Miyoshi
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | | | | | - Evan A. Chrisler
- Department of Animal & Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | | | - Joseph S. Takahashi
- Department of Neuroscience and
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA
| | | | - Vanessa A. Leone
- Department of Animal & Dairy Sciences, University of Wisconsin–Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | - Eugene B. Chang
- Department of Medicine and
- Committee on Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
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13
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Martin AJ, Serebrinsky-Duek K, Riquelme E, Saa PA, Garrido D. Microbial interactions and the homeostasis of the gut microbiome: the role of Bifidobacterium. Microbiome Res Rep 2023; 2:17. [PMID: 38046822 PMCID: PMC10688804 DOI: 10.20517/mrr.2023.10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2023] [Revised: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
The human gut is home to trillions of microorganisms that influence several aspects of our health. This dense microbial community targets almost all dietary polysaccharides and releases multiple metabolites, some of which have physiological effects on the host. A healthy equilibrium between members of the gut microbiota, its microbial diversity, and their metabolites is required for intestinal health, promoting regulatory or anti-inflammatory immune responses. In contrast, the loss of this equilibrium due to antibiotics, low fiber intake, or other conditions results in alterations in gut microbiota composition, a term known as gut dysbiosis. This dysbiosis can be characterized by a reduction in health-associated microorganisms, such as butyrate-producing bacteria, enrichment of a small number of opportunistic pathogens, or a reduction in microbial diversity. Bifidobacterium species are key species in the gut microbiome, serving as primary degraders and contributing to a balanced gut environment in various ways. Colonization resistance is a fundamental property of gut microbiota for the prevention and control of infections. This community competes strongly with foreign microorganisms, such as gastrointestinal pathogens, antibiotic-resistant bacteria, or even probiotics. Resistance to colonization is based on microbial interactions such as metabolic cross-feeding, competition for nutrients, or antimicrobial-based inhibition. These interactions are mediated by metabolites and metabolic pathways, representing the inner workings of the gut microbiota, and play a protective role through colonization resistance. This review presents a rationale for how microbial interactions provide resistance to colonization and gut dysbiosis, highlighting the protective role of Bifidobacterium species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto J.M. Martin
- Laboratorio de Redes Biológicas, Centro Científico y Tecnológico de Excelencia Ciencia & Vida, Fundación Ciencia & Vida, Facultad de Ingeniería, Arquitectura y Diseño, Universidad San Sebastián, Santiago 8580702, Chile
| | - Kineret Serebrinsky-Duek
- Department of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 833115, Chile
| | - Erick Riquelme
- Department of Respiratory Diseases, School of Medicine, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - Pedro A. Saa
- Department of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 833115, Chile
- Institute for Mathematical and Computational Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 7820436, Chile
| | - Daniel Garrido
- Department of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago 833115, Chile
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14
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Bai X, Lan J, He S, Bu T, Zhang J, Wang L, Jin X, Mao Y, Guan W, Zhang L, Lu M, Piao H, Jo I, Quan C, Nam KH, Xu Y. Structural and Biochemical Analyses of the Butanol Dehydrogenase from Fusobacterium nucleatum. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032994. [PMID: 36769315 PMCID: PMC9917632 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Butanol dehydrogenase (BDH) plays a significant role in the biosynthesis of butanol in bacteria by catalyzing butanal conversion to butanol at the expense of the NAD(P)H cofactor. BDH is an attractive enzyme for industrial application in butanol production; however, its molecular function remains largely uncharacterized. In this study, we found that Fusobacterium nucleatum YqdH (FnYqdH) converts aldehyde into alcohol by utilizing NAD(P)H, with broad substrate specificity toward aldehydes but not alcohols. An in vitro metal ion substitution experiment showed that FnYqdH has higher enzyme activity in the presence of Co2+. Crystal structures of FnYqdH, in its apo and complexed forms (with NAD and Co2+), were determined at 1.98 and 2.72 Å resolution, respectively. The crystal structure of apo- and cofactor-binding states of FnYqdH showed an open conformation between the nucleotide binding and catalytic domain. Key residues involved in the catalytic and cofactor-binding sites of FnYqdH were identified by mutagenesis and microscale thermophoresis assays. The structural conformation and preferred optimal metal ion of FnYqdH differed from that of TmBDH (homolog protein of FnYqdH). Overall, we proposed an alternative model for putative proton relay in FnYqdH, thereby providing better insight into the molecular function of BDH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Bai
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Jing Lan
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Shanru He
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Tingting Bu
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Lulu Wang
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China
- School of Life Science and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, No. 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Xiaoling Jin
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Yuanchao Mao
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Wanting Guan
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Liying Zhang
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Ming Lu
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Energy Genetics, Key Laboratory of Biofuel, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Hailong Piao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian 116023, China
| | - Inseong Jo
- Infectious Diseases Therapeutic Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon 34114, Republic of Korea
| | - Chunshan Quan
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China
| | - Ki Hyun Nam
- Department of Life Science, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 35398, Republic of Korea
- POSTECH Biotech Center, Pohang University of Science and Technology, Pohang 35398, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (K.H.N.); (Y.X.)
| | - Yongbin Xu
- Department of Bioengineering, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China
- Key Laboratory of Biotechnology and Bioresources Utilization of Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian 116600, China
- Correspondence: (K.H.N.); (Y.X.)
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15
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Singh V, Lee G, Son H, Koh H, Kim ES, Unno T, Shin JH. Butyrate producers, "The Sentinel of Gut": Their intestinal significance with and beyond butyrate, and prospective use as microbial therapeutics. Front Microbiol 2023; 13:1103836. [PMID: 36713166 PMCID: PMC9877435 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1103836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Gut-microbial butyrate is a short-chain fatty acid (SCFA) of significant physiological importance than the other major SCFAs (acetate and propionate). Most butyrate producers belong to the Clostridium cluster of the phylum Firmicutes, such as Faecalibacterium, Roseburia, Eubacterium, Anaerostipes, Coprococcus, Subdoligranulum, and Anaerobutyricum. They metabolize carbohydrates via the butyryl-CoA: acetate CoA-transferase pathway and butyrate kinase terminal enzymes to produce most of butyrate. Although, in minor fractions, amino acids can also be utilized to generate butyrate via glutamate and lysine pathways. Butyrogenic microbes play a vital role in various gut-associated metabolisms. Butyrate is used by colonocytes to generate energy, stabilizes hypoxia-inducible factor to maintain the anaerobic environment in the gut, maintains gut barrier integrity by regulating Claudin-1 and synaptopodin expression, limits pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6, IL-12), and inhibits oncogenic pathways (Akt/ERK, Wnt, and TGF-β signaling). Colonic butyrate producers shape the gut microbial community by secreting various anti-microbial substances, such as cathelicidins, reuterin, and β-defensin-1, and maintain gut homeostasis by releasing anti-inflammatory molecules, such as IgA, vitamin B, and microbial anti-inflammatory molecules. Additionally, butyrate producers, such as Roseburia, produce anti-carcinogenic metabolites, such as shikimic acid and a precursor of conjugated linoleic acid. In this review, we summarized the significance of butyrate, critically examined the role and relevance of butyrate producers, and contextualized their importance as microbial therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vineet Singh
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - GyuDae Lee
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - HyunWoo Son
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Hong Koh
- Department of Pediatrics, Severance Fecal Microbiota Transplantation Center, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Eun Soo Kim
- Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Tatsuya Unno
- Faculty of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, SARI, Jeju National University, Jeju, Republic of Korea,*Correspondence: Tatsuya Unno, ✉
| | - Jae-Ho Shin
- Department of Applied Biosciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea,Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea,Jae-Ho Shin, ✉
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16
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Silva TIS, Souza JM, Acedo TS, Carvalho VV, Perdigão A, Silva LAF, Silvestre AM, Niehues MB, Schleifer WF, Casali DM, Martins CL, Arrigoni MDB, Millen DD. Feedlot performance, rumen and cecum morphometrics of Nellore cattle fed increasing levels of diet starch containing a blend of essential oils and amylase or monensin. Front Vet Sci 2023; 10:1090097. [PMID: 36950544 PMCID: PMC10026699 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1090097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Feed additives used in finishing diets improve energy efficiency in ruminal fermentation, resulting in increased animal performance. However, there is no report evaluating the effect of BEO associated with exogenous α-amylase in response to increased starch content in feedlot diets. Our objective was to evaluate increasing levels of starch in the diet associated with a blend of essential oils plus amylase or sodium Monensin on performance, carcass characteristics, and ruminal and cecal morphometry of feedlot cattle. 210 Nellore bulls were used (initial body weight of 375 ± 13.25), where they were blocked and randomly allocated in 30 pens. The experiment was designed in completely randomized blocks in a 3 × 2 factorial arrangement: three starch levels (25, 35, and 45%), and two additives: a blend of essential oils plus α-amylase (BEO, 90 and 560 mg/kg of DM, respectively) or sodium Monensin (MON, 26 mg/kg DM). The animals were fed once a day at 08:00 ad libitum and underwent an adaptation period of 14 days. The diets consisted of sugarcane bagasse, ground corn, soybean hulls, cottonseed, soybean meal, mineral-vitamin core, and additives. The animals fed BEO35 had higher dry matter intake (P = 0.02) and daily weight gain (P = 0.02). The MON treatment improved feed efficiency (P = 0.02). The treatments BEO35 and BEO45 increased hot carcass weight (P < 0.01). Animals fed BEO presented greater carcass yield (P = 0.01), carcass gain (P < 0.01), rib eye area gain (P = 0.01), and final rib eye area (P = 0.02) when compared to MON. The MON25 treatment improved carcass gain efficiency (P = 0.01), final marbling (P = 0.04), and final subcutaneous fat thickness (P < 0.01). The use of MON reduced the fecal starch% (P < 0.01). Cattle-fed BEO increased rumen absorptive surface area (P = 0.05) and % ASA papilla area (P < 0.01). The MON treatment reduced the cecum lesions score (P = 0.02). Therefore, the use of BEO with 35 and 45% starch increases carcass production with similar biological efficiency as MON; and animals consuming MON25 improve feed efficiency and reduce lesions in the rumen and cecum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thaiano I. S. Silva
- Department of Animal Production, College of Agricultural and Technological Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Dracena, Brazil
| | - Johnny M. Souza
- Department of Animal Production, College of Agricultural and Technological Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Dracena, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Leandro A. F. Silva
- Department of Animal Production, College of Agricultural and Technological Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Dracena, Brazil
| | - Antonio M. Silvestre
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Betania Niehues
- Department of Animal Production, College of Agricultural and Technological Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Dracena, Brazil
| | - Werner F. Schleifer
- Department of Animal Production, College of Agricultural and Technological Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Dracena, Brazil
| | - Daniel M. Casali
- Department of Animal Production, College of Agricultural and Technological Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Dracena, Brazil
| | - Cyntia L. Martins
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Mario D. B. Arrigoni
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Danilo D. Millen
- Department of Animal Production, College of Agricultural and Technological Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Dracena, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Danilo D. Millen
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17
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Hu R, Li S, Diao H, Huang C, Yan J, Wei X, Zhou M, He P, Wang T, Fu H, Zhong C, Mao C, Wang Y, Kuang S, Tang W. The interaction between dietary fiber and gut microbiota, and its effect on pig intestinal health. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1095740. [PMID: 36865557 PMCID: PMC9972974 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1095740] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal health is closely associated with overall animal health and performance and, consequently, influences the production efficiency and profit in feed and animal production systems. The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) is the main site of the nutrient digestive process and the largest immune organ in the host, and the gut microbiota colonizing the GIT plays a key role in maintaining intestinal health. Dietary fiber (DF) is a key factor in maintaining normal intestinal function. The biological functioning of DF is mainly achieved by microbial fermentation, which occurs mainly in the distal small and large intestine. Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), the main class of microbial fermentation metabolites, are the main energy supply for intestinal cells. SCFAs help to maintain normal intestinal function, induce immunomodulatory effects to prevent inflammation and microbial infection, and are vital for the maintenance of homeostasis. Moreover, because of its distinct characteristics (e.g. solubility), DF is able to alter the composition of the gut microbiota. Therefore, understanding the role that DF plays in modulating gut microbiota, and how it influences intestinal health, is essential. This review gives an overview of DF and its microbial fermentation process, and investigates the effect of DF on the alteration of gut microbiota composition in pigs. The effects of interaction between DF and the gut microbiota, particularly as they relate to SCFA production, on intestinal health are also illustrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqi Hu
- Livestock and Poultry Biological Products Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animtech Feed Co., Ltd, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shuwei Li
- Livestock and Poultry Biological Products Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animtech Feed Co., Ltd, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hui Diao
- Livestock and Poultry Biological Products Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animtech Feed Co., Ltd, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chongbo Huang
- Livestock and Poultry Biological Products Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animtech Feed Co., Ltd, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiayou Yan
- Livestock and Poultry Biological Products Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animtech Feed Co., Ltd, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Xiaolan Wei
- Livestock and Poultry Biological Products Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animtech Feed Co., Ltd, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Mengjia Zhou
- Livestock and Poultry Biological Products Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animtech Feed Co., Ltd, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Peng He
- Livestock and Poultry Biological Products Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animtech Feed Co., Ltd, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tianwei Wang
- Livestock and Poultry Biological Products Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animtech Feed Co., Ltd, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hongsen Fu
- Livestock and Poultry Biological Products Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animtech Feed Co., Ltd, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chengbo Zhong
- Livestock and Poultry Biological Products Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animtech Feed Co., Ltd, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Chi Mao
- Livestock and Poultry Biological Products Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animtech Feed Co., Ltd, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yongsheng Wang
- Livestock and Poultry Biological Products Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animtech Feed Co., Ltd, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Shengyao Kuang
- Livestock and Poultry Biological Products Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animtech Feed Co., Ltd, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Wenjie Tang
- Livestock and Poultry Biological Products Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animtech Feed Co., Ltd, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Animal Breeding and Genetics Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Animal Science Academy, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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18
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Keshavarz V, Dehghan-Banadaky M, Ganjkhanloo M, Kazemi-Bonchenari M. Effects of feeding wheat straw or beet pulp in starters supplemented with either soybean oil or palm fatty acids on growth performance and urinary purine derivatives in dairy calves. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2023.115569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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19
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Feng J, Li Z, Ma H, Yue Y, Hao K, Li J, Xiang Y, Min Y. Quercetin alleviates intestinal inflammation and improves intestinal functions via modulating gut microbiota composition in LPS-challenged laying hens. Poult Sci 2022; 102:102433. [PMID: 36587451 PMCID: PMC9816806 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Quercetin, a well-known flavonoid, has been demonstrated to exert beneficial effects on intestinal functions and gut microbiota in birds. In this study, we investigated the effects of quercetin supplementation on inflammatory responses, intestinal barrier functions and gut microbial community in LPS-challenged laying hens. A total of two hundred eighty-eight 32-wk-old Jingfen No.6 laying hens were randomly assigned to 3 groups, the CON group, the LC group and the LQ group. LQ group was fed with 0.4 mg/kg quercetin and at the end of 12 wk, LC and LQ groups were challenged intraperitoneally with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). After LPS challenge, 8 birds of each group were randomly selected and sampled. LPS challenge induced an obvious intestinal mucosal injury, necrosis and shedding, while quercetin intervention maintained its structure. Quercetin significantly decreased the elevated malondialdehyde contents (P < 0.05), and increased the activity of total antioxidant capacity and glutathione peroxidase (P < 0.05) in intestinal mucosa of LPS-challenged laying hens. Quercetin rescued the LPS-induced decreases in goblet cell density and mucin2 expression levels (P < 0.05). There was a significant decline (P < 0.05) in the mRNA expression of Claudin1 and Occludin in intestinal mucosa of LPS-challenged layers, which could be alleviated (P < 0.05) by dietary quercetin. LPS challenge induced the increased expression levels (P < 0.05) of IL-1β and TLR-4 in intestinal mucosa, while these rises could be reversed (P < 0.05) following dietary quercetin supplementation. LPS challenge induced a shift in gut microenvironment, and quercetin addition could elevate the relative abundance of some short chain fatty acids (SCFA)-producing or health-promoting bacteria such as Phascolarctobacterium, Negativicutes, Selenomonadales, Megamonas, Prevotellaceae, and Bacteroides_salanitronis. In conclusion, dietary quercetin addition ameliorated the LPS challenge-induced intestinal inflammation and improved intestinal functions, possibly associated with its modulation on gut microbiota, particularly the increased population of SCFA-producing bacteria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Feng
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhuorui Li
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Hui Ma
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yanrui Yue
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Keyang Hao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jinghe Li
- Tongchuan City Health Supervision Institute, Tongchuan, 629000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yujun Xiang
- Tongchuan City Health Supervision Institute, Tongchuan, 629000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yuna Min
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, China.
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20
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Hagihara M, Yamashita M, Ariyoshi T, Eguchi S, Minemura A, Miura D, Higashi S, Oka K, Nonogaki T, Mori T, Iwasaki K, Hirai J, Shibata Y, Umemura T, Kato H, Asai N, Yamagishi Y, Ota A, Takahashi M, Mikamo H. Clostridium butyricum-induced ω-3 fatty acid 18-HEPE elicits anti-influenza virus pneumonia effects through interferon-λ upregulation. Cell Rep 2022; 41:111755. [PMID: 36516771 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The precise mechanism by which butyrate-producing bacteria in the gut contribute to resistance to respiratory viral infections remains to be elucidated. Here, we describe a gut-lung axis mechanism and report that orally administered Clostridium butyricum (CB) enhances influenza virus infection resistance through upregulation of interferon (IFN)-λ in lung epithelial cells. Gut microbiome-induced ω-3 fatty acid 18-hydroxy eicosapentaenoic acid (18-HEPE) promotes IFN-λ production through the G protein-coupled receptor (GPR)120 and IFN regulatory factor (IRF)-1/-7 activations. CB promotes 18-HEPE production in the gut and enhances ω-3 fatty acid sensitivity in the lungs by promoting GPR120 expression. This study finds a gut-lung axis mechanism and provides insights into the treatments and prophylaxis for viral respiratory infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao Hagihara
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology and Biomedical Sciences, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan; Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Makoto Yamashita
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Tadashi Ariyoshi
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan; R&D Division, Miyarisan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama 331-0804, Japan
| | - Shuhei Eguchi
- R&D Division, Miyarisan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama 331-0804, Japan
| | - Ayaka Minemura
- R&D Division, Miyarisan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama 331-0804, Japan
| | - Daiki Miura
- R&D Division, Miyarisan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama 331-0804, Japan
| | - Seiya Higashi
- R&D Division, Miyarisan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama 331-0804, Japan
| | - Kentaro Oka
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan; R&D Division, Miyarisan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama 331-0804, Japan
| | - Tsunemasa Nonogaki
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy Kinjo Gakuin University, Nagoya 463-8521, Japan
| | - Takeshi Mori
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Kenta Iwasaki
- Departments of Kidney Disease and Transplant Immunology, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Jun Hirai
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Yuichi Shibata
- Department of Molecular Epidemiology and Biomedical Sciences, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Takumi Umemura
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Hideo Kato
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan; Department of Pharmacy, Mie University Hospital, Tsu, Mie, Japan
| | - Nobuhiro Asai
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Yuka Yamagishi
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Akinobu Ota
- Departments of Biochemistry, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan
| | - Motomichi Takahashi
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan; R&D Division, Miyarisan Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Saitama 331-0804, Japan
| | - Hiroshige Mikamo
- Department of Clinical Infectious Diseases, Aichi Medical University, Nagakute 480-1195, Japan.
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21
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Abstract
The bacteria-derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) butyrate and propionate play important (distinct) roles in health and disease, and understanding the ecology of respective bacteria on a community-wide level is a top priority in microbiome research. Applying sequence data (metagenomics and 16S rRNA gene) to predict SCFAs production in vitro and in vivo, a clear split between butyrate- and propionate-forming bacteria was detected with only very few taxa exhibiting pathways for the production of both SCFAs. After in vitro growth of fecal communities from distinct donors (n = 8) on different substrates (n = 7), abundances of bacteria exhibiting pathways correlated with respective SCFA concentrations, in particular in the case of butyrate. For propionate, correlations were weaker, indicating that its production is less imprinted into the core metabolism compared with butyrate-forming bacteria. Longitudinal measurements in vivo (n = 5 time-points from 20 subjects) also revealed a correlation between abundances of pathway-carrying bacteria and concentrations of the two SCFAs. Additionally, lower bacterial cell concentrations, together with higher stool moisture, promoted overall bacterial activity (measured by flow cytometry and coverage patterns of metagenome-assembled genomes) that led to elevated SCFA concentrations with over-proportional levels of butyrate. Predictions on pathway abundances based on 16S rRNA gene data using our in-house database worked well, yielding similar results as metagenomic-based analyses. Our study indicates that stimulating growth of butyrate- and propionate-producing bacteria directly leads to more production of those compounds, which is governed by two functionally distinct bacterial groups facilitating the development of precision intervention strategies targeting either metabolite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Berenike Kircher
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Sabrina Woltemate
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Frank Gutzki
- Research Core Unit Metabolomics, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Dirk Schlüter
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Robert Geffers
- Genomics Research Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Heike Bähre
- Genomics Research Group, Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Marius Vital
- Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany,CONTACT Marius Vital Institute for Medical Microbiology and Hospital Epidemiology, Hannover Medical School, OE5210, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625Hannover, Germany
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22
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Mayorga-Ramos A, Barba-Ostria C, Simancas-Racines D, Guamán LP. Protective role of butyrate in obesity and diabetes: New insights. Front Nutr 2022; 9:1067647. [PMID: 36505262 PMCID: PMC9730524 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1067647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Studies in human microbiota dysbiosis have shown that short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) like propionate, acetate, and particularly butyrate, positively affect energy homeostasis, behavior, and inflammation. This positive effect can be demonstrated in the reduction of butyrate-producing bacteria observed in the gut microbiota of individuals with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and other energy-associated metabolic alterations. Butyrate is the major end product of dietary fiber bacterial fermentation in the large intestine and serves as the primary energy source for colonocytes. In addition, it plays a key role in reducing glycemia and improving body weight control and insulin sensitivity. The major mechanisms involved in butyrate regulation include key signaling pathways such as AMPK, p38, HDAC inhibition, and cAMP production/signaling. Treatment strategies using butyrate aim to increase its intestine levels, bioavailability, and improvement in delivery either through direct supplementation or by increasing dietary fiber in the diet, which ultimately generates a higher production of butyrate in the gut. In the final part of this review, we present a summary of the most relevant studies currently being carried out in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arianna Mayorga-Ramos
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Centro de Investigación Biomédica (CENBIO), Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Carlos Barba-Ostria
- Escuela de Medicina, Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud Quito, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Daniel Simancas-Racines
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Centro de Investigación en Salud Pública y Epidemiología Clínica (CISPEC), Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador
| | - Linda P. Guamán
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Centro de Investigación Biomédica (CENBIO), Universidad UTE, Quito, Ecuador,*Correspondence: Linda P. Guamán,
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23
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Panahiha P, Mirzaei-Alamouti H, Kazemi-Bonchenari M, Aschenbach JR. Growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and ruminal fermentation of dairy calves fed starter diets with alfalfa hay versus corn silage as forage and soybean oil versus palm fatty acids as fat source. J Dairy Sci 2022; 105:9597-9609. [DOI: 10.3168/jds.2022-22165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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24
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Yao H, Williams BA, Flanagan BM, Lisle A, Mikkelsen D, Gidley MJ. Soluble fibre concentration effects during in vitro fermentation: Higher concentration leads to increased butyrate proportion. Food Hydrocoll 2022; 130:107728. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodhyd.2022.107728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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25
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Gondalia SV, Wymond B, Benassi-Evans B, Berbezy P, Bird AR, Belobrajdic DP. Substitution of Refined Conventional Wheat Flour with Wheat High in Resistant Starch Modulates the Intestinal Microbiota and Fecal Metabolites in Healthy Adults: A Randomized, Controlled Trial. J Nutr 2022; 152:1426-1437. [PMID: 35102419 DOI: 10.1093/jn/nxac021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Resistant starch (RS) confers many health benefits, mostly through the microbial production of SCFAs, but foods containing appreciable RS are limited. High-amylose wheat (HAW) is high in RS and lowers the glycemic response of foods, but whether it can improve gastrointestinal health measures is unknown. OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to determine whether daily consumption of HAW food products improved markers of gastrointestinal health in healthy men and women compared with similar foods made from conventional wheat. METHODS Eighty healthy adults (47 women and 33 men) were enrolled in a 4-arm parallel, randomized-controlled, double-blind trial. After a 2-wk low-dietary fiber run-in period, they were randomly allocated to 1 of 4 treatment groups: low-amylose wheat (LAW)-refined (LAW-R), LAW-wholemeal (LAW-W), HAW-refined (HAW-R), and HAW-wholemeal (HAW-W) and consumed the assigned test bread (160 g/d) and biscuits (75 g/d) for 4 wk. Fecal biochemical markers were measured at baseline and 4 wk. Microbial abundance and diversity were quantified using 16S ribosomal RNA sequencing and perceived gut comfort by a semiquantitative questionnaire completed at baseline, 2 wk, and 4 wk. RESULTS HAW showed similar effects on fecal output and excretion of total SCFA compared with LAW, but changes were observed in secondary measures for the refined treatment groups. At 4 wk, the HAW-R group had 38% higher fecal butyrate excretion than the LAW-R group (P < 0.05), and higher fecal SCFA-producing bacteria, Roseburia inulinivorans (P < 0.001), than at baseline. In comparison with baseline, LAW-R increased fecal p-cresol concentration, and fecal abundance of a p-cresol-producing bacterium, Clostridium from the Peptostreptococcaceae family, but both were reduced by HAW-R. Amylose level did not affect measures of fecal consistency or adversely affecting digestive comfort. CONCLUSIONS Increasing RS intake of healthy adults by substituting refined conventional wheat with refined HAW modulates fecal metabolites and microbes associated with gastrointestinal health.This trial was registered at anzctr.org.au as ACTRN12618001060235.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shakuntla V Gondalia
- Health and Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Brooke Wymond
- Health and Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Bianca Benassi-Evans
- Health and Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | | | - Anthony R Bird
- Health and Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Damien P Belobrajdic
- Health and Biosecurity, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
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26
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Jasem MK, Fattahnia F, Mohammadi Y, Shokri A, Khalilvandi-behroozyar H, Kazemi-bonchenari M. Effects of n-3 fatty acid supplementation from flax oil on growth performance, ruminal fermentation, and immune response in Holstein dairy calves fed either coarsely ground or steam-flaked corn grain. Anim Feed Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.anifeedsci.2022.115372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/01/2022]
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27
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Bedu-Ferrari C, Biscarrat P, Langella P, Cherbuy C. Prebiotics and the Human Gut Microbiota: From Breakdown Mechanisms to the Impact on Metabolic Health. Nutrients 2022; 14:2096. [PMID: 35631237 DOI: 10.3390/nu14102096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2022] [Revised: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The colon harbours a dynamic and complex community of microorganisms, collectively known as the gut microbiota, which constitutes the densest microbial ecosystem in the human body. These commensal gut microbes play a key role in human health and diseases, revealing the strong potential of fine-tuning the gut microbiota to confer health benefits. In this context, dietary strategies targeting gut microbes to modulate the composition and metabolic function of microbial communities are of increasing interest. One such dietary strategy is the use of prebiotics, which are defined as substrates that are selectively utilised by host microorganisms to confer a health benefit. A better understanding of the metabolic pathways involved in the breakdown of prebiotics is essential to improve these nutritional strategies. In this review, we will present the concept of prebiotics, and focus on the main sources and nature of these components, which are mainly non-digestible polysaccharides. We will review the breakdown mechanisms of complex carbohydrates by the intestinal microbiota and present short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) as key molecules mediating the dialogue between the intestinal microbiota and the host. Finally, we will review human studies exploring the potential of prebiotics in metabolic diseases, revealing the personalised responses to prebiotic ingestion. In conclusion, we hope that this review will be of interest to identify mechanistic factors for the optimization of prebiotic-based strategies.
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28
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Ariyoshi T, Hagihara M, Takahashi M, Mikamo H. Effect of Clostridium butyricum on Gastrointestinal Infections. Biomedicines 2022; 10:483. [PMID: 35203691 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10020483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Clostridium butyricum is a human commensal bacterium with beneficial effects including butyrate production, spore formation, increasing levels of beneficial bacteria, and inhibition of pathogenic bacteria. Owing to its preventive and ameliorative effects on gastrointestinal infections, C. butyricum MIYAIRI 588 (CBM 588) has been used as a probiotic in clinical and veterinary medicine for decades. This review summarizes the effects of C. butyricum, including CBM 588, on bacterial gastrointestinal infections. Further, the characteristics of the causative bacteria, examples of clinical and veterinary use, and mechanisms exploited in basic research are presented. C. butyricum is widely effective against Clostoridioides difficile, the causative pathogen of nosocomial infections; Helicobacter pylori, the causative pathogen of gastric cancer; and antibiotic-resistant Escherichia coli. Accordingly, its mechanism is gradually being elucidated. As C. butyricum is effective against gastrointestinal infections caused by antibiotics-induced dysbiosis, it can inhibit the transmission of antibiotic-resistant genes and maintain homeostasis of the gut microbiome. Altogether, C. butyricum is expected to be one of the antimicrobial-resistance (AMR) countermeasures for the One-health approach.
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29
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SO JS, OH K, SHIN Y. Growth stimulation of Clostridium butyricum in the presence of Lactobacillus brevis JL16 and Lactobacillus parabuchneri MH44. Food Sci Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1590/fst.50521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - YuJin SHIN
- Inha University, Republic of Korea; Sungkyunkwan University, Republic of Korea
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30
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Singhal R, Donde H, Ghare S, Stocke K, Zhang J, Vadhanam M, Reddy S, Gobejishvili L, Chilton P, Joshi-Barve S, Feng W, McClain C, Hoffman K, Petrosino J, Vital M, Barve S. Decrease in acetyl-CoA pathway utilizing butyrate-producing bacteria is a key pathogenic feature of alcohol-induced functional gut microbial dysbiosis and development of liver disease in mice. Gut Microbes 2021; 13:1946367. [PMID: 34369304 PMCID: PMC8354657 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2021.1946367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Emerging research evidence has established the critical role of the gut-liver axis in the development of alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD). The present study employed 16S rRNA gene and whole genome shotgun (WGS) metagenomic analysis in combination with a revised microbial dataset to comprehensively detail the butyrate-producing microbial communities and the associated butyrate metabolic pathways affected by chronic ethanol feeding. Specifically, the data demonstrated that a decrease in several butyrate-producing bacterial genera belonging to distinct families within the Firmicutes phyla was a significant component of ethanol-induced dysbiosis. WGS analysis of total bacterial genomes encompassing butyrate synthesizing pathways provided the functional characteristics of the microbiome associated with butyrate synthesis. The data revealed that in control mice microbiome, the acetyl-coenzyme A (CoA) butyrate synthesizing pathway was the most prevalent and was significantly and maximally decreased by chronic ethanol feeding. Further WGS analysis i) validated the ethanol-induced decrease in the acetyl-CoA pathway by identifying the decrease in two critical genes but - (butyryl-CoA: acetate CoA transferase) and buk - (butyrate kinase) that encode the terminal condensing enzymes required for converting butyryl-CoA to butyrate and ii) detection of specific taxa of butyrate-producing bacteria containing but and buk genes. Notably, the administration of tributyrin (Tb) - a butyrate prodrug - significantly prevented ethanol-induced decrease in butyrate-producing bacteria, hepatic steatosis, inflammation, and injury. Taken together, our findings strongly suggest that the loss of butyrate-producing bacteria using the acetyl-CoA pathway is a significant pathogenic feature of ethanol-induced microbial dysbiosis and ALD and can be targeted for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richa Singhal
- University of Louisville Department of Medicine,University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center
| | - Hridgandh Donde
- University of Louisville Department of Medicine,University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center
| | - Smita Ghare
- University of Louisville Department of Medicine,University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center
| | - Kendall Stocke
- University of Louisville Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Science
| | - Jingwein Zhang
- University of Louisville Department of Medicine,University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center
| | - Manicka Vadhanam
- University of Louisville Department of Medicine,University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center
| | - Sreelatha Reddy
- University of Louisville Department of Medicine,University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center
| | - Leila Gobejishvili
- University of Louisville Department of Medicine,University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center
| | - Paula Chilton
- University of Louisville Department of Medicine,University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center
| | - Swati Joshi-Barve
- University of Louisville Department of Medicine,University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center
| | - Wenke Feng
- University of Louisville Department of Medicine,University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center
| | - Craig McClain
- University of Louisville Department of Medicine,University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center
| | - Kristi Hoffman
- Baylor College of Medicine Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology,Baylor College of Medicine Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research
| | - Joseph Petrosino
- Baylor College of Medicine Department of Molecular Virology and Microbiology,Baylor College of Medicine Center for Metagenomics and Microbiome Research
| | - Marius Vital
- Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany,Helmholtz Center for Infection Research,Helmholtz Association of German Research Centers
| | - Shirish Barve
- University of Louisville Department of Medicine,University of Louisville Alcohol Research Center,University of Louisville Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology,CONTACT Dr. Shirish Barve Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Louisville Health Sciences Center, 505 S. Hancock St. CTR Bldg., Room 515, Louisville, KY40202, USA
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31
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Wang Z, Usyk M, Vázquez-Baeza Y, Chen GC, Isasi CR, Williams-Nguyen JS, Hua S, McDonald D, Thyagarajan B, Daviglus ML, Cai J, North KE, Wang T, Knight R, Burk RD, Kaplan RC, Qi Q. Microbial co-occurrence complicates associations of gut microbiome with US immigration, dietary intake and obesity. Genome Biol 2021; 22:336. [PMID: 34893089 PMCID: PMC8665519 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-021-02559-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Obesity and related comorbidities are major health concerns among many US immigrant populations. Emerging evidence suggests a potential involvement of the gut microbiome. Here, we evaluated gut microbiome features and their associations with immigration, dietary intake, and obesity in 2640 individuals from a population-based study of US Hispanics/Latinos. RESULTS The fecal shotgun metagenomics data indicate that greater US exposure is associated with reduced ɑ-diversity, reduced functions of fiber degradation, and alterations in individual taxa, potentially related to a westernized diet. However, a majority of gut bacterial genera show paradoxical associations, being reduced with US exposure and increased with fiber intake, but increased with obesity. The observed paradoxical associations are not explained by host characteristics or variation in bacterial species but might be related to potential microbial co-occurrence, as seen by positive correlations among Roseburia, Prevotella, Dorea, and Coprococcus. In the conditional analysis with mutual adjustment, including all genera associated with both obesity and US exposure in the same model, the positive associations of Roseburia and Prevotella with obesity did not persist, suggesting that their positive associations with obesity might be due to their co-occurrence and correlations with obesity-related taxa, such as Dorea and Coprococcus. CONCLUSIONS Among US Hispanics/Latinos, US exposure is associated with unfavorable gut microbiome profiles for obesity risk, potentially related to westernized diet during acculturation. Microbial co-occurrence could be an important factor to consider in future studies relating individual gut microbiome taxa to environmental factors and host health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461 USA
| | - Mykhaylo Usyk
- Departments of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA
| | - Yoshiki Vázquez-Baeza
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
- Jacobs School of Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Guo-Chong Chen
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461 USA
| | - Carmen R. Isasi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461 USA
| | | | - Simin Hua
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461 USA
| | - Daniel McDonald
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
| | | | | | - Jianwen Cai
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| | - Kari E. North
- University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC USA
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461 USA
| | - Rob Knight
- Center for Microbiome Innovation, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
- Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA USA
| | - Robert D. Burk
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461 USA
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology and Women’s Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY USA
- Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY USA
| | - Robert C. Kaplan
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461 USA
- Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA USA
| | - Qibin Qi
- Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461 USA
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA USA
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32
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Aruwa CE, Pillay C, Nyaga MM, Sabiu S. Poultry gut health - microbiome functions, environmental impacts, microbiome engineering and advancements in characterization technologies. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2021; 12:119. [PMID: 34857055 PMCID: PMC8638651 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-021-00640-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 10/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The gastrointestinal tract (GIT) health impacts animal productivity. The poultry microbiome has functions which range from protection against pathogens and nutrients production, to host immune system maturation. Fluctuations in the microbiome have also been linked to prevailing environmental conditions. Healthy poultry birds possess a natural resistance to infection. However, the exploration of environmental impacts and other relevant factors on poultry growth and health have been underplayed. Since good performance and growth rate are central to animal production, the host-microbiome relationship remains integral. Prior to the emergence of metagenomic techniques, conventional methods for poultry microbiome studies were used and were low-throughput and associated with insufficient genomic data and high cost of sequencing. Fortunately, the advent of high-throughput sequencing platforms have circumvented some of these shortfalls and paved the way for increased studies on the poultry gut microbiome diversity and functions. Here, we give an up-to-date review on the impact of varied environments on microbiome profile, as well as microbiome engineering and microbiome technology advancements. It is hoped that this paper will provide invaluable information that could guide and inspire further studies on the lingering pertinent questions about the poultry microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christiana Eleojo Aruwa
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, P.O. Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Charlene Pillay
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, P.O. Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa
| | - Martin M Nyaga
- Next Generation Sequencing Unit, Division of Virology, Faculty of Heath Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa
| | - Saheed Sabiu
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Durban University of Technology, P.O. Box 1334, Durban, 4000, South Africa.
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33
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Zhao M, Chen C, Yuan Z, Li W, Zhang M, Cui N, Duan Y, Zhang X, Zhang P. Dietary Bacillus subtilis supplementation alleviates alcohol-induced liver injury by maintaining intestinal integrity and gut microbiota homeostasis in mice. Exp Ther Med 2021; 22:1312. [PMID: 34630666 PMCID: PMC8461600 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2021.10747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2020] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a worldwide health problem with limited therapeutic options, which is associated with gut-derived endotoxins, particularly lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and intestinal microbiota dysbiosis. Recently, probiotics, synbiotics and other food additive interventions have been shown to be effective in decreasing or preventing the progression of ALD. Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) and its metabolic products are widely used as food additives to maintain intestinal health, but the protective effects of B. subtilis against alcohol-induced liver injury are poorly understood. In the present study a chronic alcohol-induced liver injury model was constructed based on the Lieber-DeCarli diet and it aimed to determine whether dietary B. subtilis supplementation may alleviate alcohol-induced liver injury. Results revealed that prophylactic B. subtilis supplementation partially restored gut microbiota homeostasis and relieved alcohol-induced intestinal barrier injury, which significantly decreased the translocation of bacterial endotoxins to the blood. In addition, the decreased serum LPS alleviated hepatic inflammation via the toll-like receptor 4 pathway, resulting in improved hepatic structure and function. These results demonstrated that dietary B. subtilis supplementation imparts novel hepatoprotective functions by improving intestinal permeability and homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiqi Zhao
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261031, P.R. China
| | - Chuanai Chen
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
| | - Zhoujie Yuan
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261031, P.R. China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261031, P.R. China
| | - Wenwen Li
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261031, P.R. China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261031, P.R. China
| | - Mohan Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261031, P.R. China
| | - Nailing Cui
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261031, P.R. China
| | - Yitao Duan
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoqian Zhang
- School of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261031, P.R. China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong 261031, P.R. China
| | - Peng Zhang
- School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P.R. China
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Kinney GA, Haddad EN, Garrow LS, Ng PKW, Comstock SS. An Intervention With Michigan-Grown Wheat in Healthy Adult Humans to Determine Effect on Gut Microbiota: Protocol for a Crossover Trial. JMIR Res Protoc 2021; 10:e29046. [PMID: 34612840 PMCID: PMC8529466 DOI: 10.2196/29046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Daily fiber intake can increase the diversity of the human gut microbiota as well as the abundance of beneficial microbes and their metabolites. Whole-grain wheat is high in fiber. OBJECTIVE This manuscript presents a study protocol designed to understand the effects of different types of wheat on gastrointestinal tract microbes. METHODS Human adults will consume crackers made from three types of wheat flour (refined soft white wheat, whole-grain soft white wheat, and whole-grain soft red wheat). In this study, participants will alternate between crackers made from refined soft white wheat flour to those made from whole-grain soft white wheat and whole-grain soft red wheat flour. Survey and stool sample collection will occur after 7-day treatment periods. We will assess how wheat consumption affects gastrointestinal bacteria by sequencing the V4 region of 16S rRNA gene amplicons and the inflammatory state of participants' intestines using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The butyrate production capacity of the gut microbiota will be determined by targeted quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. RESULTS We will report the treatment effects on alpha and beta diversity of the microbiota and taxa-specific differences. Microbiota results will be analyzed using the vegan package in R. Butyrate production capacity and biomarkers of intestinal inflammation will be analyzed using parametric statistical methods such as analysis of variance or linear regression. We expect whole wheat intake to increase butyrate production capacity, bacterial alpha diversity, and abundance of bacterial taxa responsive to phenolic compounds. Soft red wheat is also expected to decrease the concentration of inflammatory biomarkers in the stool of participants. CONCLUSIONS This protocol describes the methods to be used in a study on the impact of wheat types on the human gastrointestinal microbiota and biomarkers of intestinal inflammation. The analysis of intestinal responses to the consumption of two types of whole wheat will expand our understanding of how specific foods affect health-associated outcomes. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/29046.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gigi A Kinney
- Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Eliot N Haddad
- Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Linda S Garrow
- Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Perry K W Ng
- Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
| | - Sarah S Comstock
- Department of Food Science & Human Nutrition, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, United States
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35
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Cao C, Tang M, Zhao N, Dong S, Wu H. Effects of fish protein with glycation extent on gut microbiota and colonic barrier function in mice fed a high-fat diet. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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36
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Daskova N, Heczkova M, Modos I, Videnska P, Splichalova P, Pelantova H, Kuzma M, Gojda J, Cahova M. Determination of Butyrate Synthesis Capacity in Gut Microbiota: Quantification of but Gene Abundance by qPCR in Fecal Samples. Biomolecules 2021; 11:1303. [PMID: 34572516 PMCID: PMC8469203 DOI: 10.3390/biom11091303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Butyrate is formed in the gut during bacterial fermentation of dietary fiber and is attributed numerous beneficial effects on the host metabolism. We aimed to develop a method for the assessment of functional capacity of gut microbiota butyrate synthesis based on the qPCR quantification of bacterial gene coding butyryl-CoA:acetate CoA-transferase, the key enzyme of butyrate synthesis. In silico, we identified bacteria possessing but gene among human gut microbiota by searching but coding sequences in available databases. We designed and validated six sets of degenerate primers covering all selected bacteria, based on their phylogenetic nearness and sequence similarity, and developed a method for gene abundance normalization in human fecal DNA. We determined but gene abundance in fecal DNA of subjects with opposing dietary patterns and metabolic phenotypes-lean vegans (VG) and healthy obese omnivores (OB) with known fecal microbiota and metabolome composition. We found higher but gene copy number in VG compared with OB, in line with higher fecal butyrate content in VG group. We further found a positive correlation between the relative abundance of target bacterial genera identified by next-generation sequencing and groups of but gene-containing bacteria determined by specific primers. In conclusion, this approach represents a simple and feasible tool for estimation of microbial functional capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola Daskova
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Videnska 1958, 140 21 Prague 4, Czech Republic; (M.H.); (I.M.); (M.C.)
- First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Katerinska 1660/32, 121 08 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Heczkova
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Videnska 1958, 140 21 Prague 4, Czech Republic; (M.H.); (I.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Istvan Modos
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Videnska 1958, 140 21 Prague 4, Czech Republic; (M.H.); (I.M.); (M.C.)
| | - Petra Videnska
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science Masaryk University, Kamenice 753, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (P.V.); (P.S.)
| | - Petra Splichalova
- RECETOX, Faculty of Science Masaryk University, Kamenice 753, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic; (P.V.); (P.S.)
| | - Helena Pelantova
- Institute of Microbiology, AS CR, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; (H.P.); (M.K.)
| | - Marek Kuzma
- Institute of Microbiology, AS CR, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague 4, Czech Republic; (H.P.); (M.K.)
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Palacky University Olomouc, 17. Listopadu 1192/12, 779 00 Olomouc, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Gojda
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kralovske Vinohrady University Hospital and Third Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Srobarova 1150, 100 34 Prague 10, Czech Republic;
| | - Monika Cahova
- Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Videnska 1958, 140 21 Prague 4, Czech Republic; (M.H.); (I.M.); (M.C.)
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37
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Levi I, Gurevich M, Perlman G, Magalashvili D, Menascu S, Bar N, Godneva A, Zahavi L, Chermon D, Kosower N, Wolf BC, Malka G, Lotan-Pompan M, Weinberger A, Yirmiya E, Rothschild D, Leviatan S, Tsur A, Didkin M, Dreyer S, Eizikovitz H, Titngi Y, Mayost S, Sonis P, Dolev M, Stern Y, Achiron A, Segal E. Potential role of indolelactate and butyrate in multiple sclerosis revealed by integrated microbiome-metabolome analysis. Cell Rep Med 2021; 2:100246. [PMID: 33948576 PMCID: PMC8080254 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2021.100246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated disease whose precise etiology is unknown. Several studies found alterations in the microbiome of individuals with MS, but the mechanism by which it may affect MS is poorly understood. Here we analyze the microbiome of 129 individuals with MS and find that they harbor distinct microbial patterns compared with controls. To study the functional consequences of these differences, we measure levels of 1,251 serum metabolites in a subgroup of subjects and unravel a distinct metabolite signature that separates affected individuals from controls nearly perfectly (AUC = 0.97). Individuals with MS are found to be depleted in butyrate-producing bacteria and in bacteria that produce indolelactate, an intermediate in generation of the potent neuroprotective antioxidant indolepropionate, which we found to be lower in their serum. We identify microbial and metabolite candidates that may contribute to MS and should be explored further for their causal role and therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izhak Levi
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Michael Gurevich
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat-Gan 526200, Israel
| | - Gal Perlman
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - David Magalashvili
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat-Gan 526200, Israel
| | - Shay Menascu
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat-Gan 526200, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Noam Bar
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Anastasia Godneva
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Liron Zahavi
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Danyel Chermon
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat-Gan 526200, Israel
| | - Noa Kosower
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Bat Chen Wolf
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Gal Malka
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Maya Lotan-Pompan
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Adina Weinberger
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Erez Yirmiya
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Daphna Rothschild
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Sigal Leviatan
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
| | - Avishag Tsur
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat-Gan 526200, Israel
| | - Maria Didkin
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat-Gan 526200, Israel
| | - Sapir Dreyer
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat-Gan 526200, Israel
| | - Hen Eizikovitz
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat-Gan 526200, Israel
| | - Yamit Titngi
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat-Gan 526200, Israel
| | - Sue Mayost
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat-Gan 526200, Israel
| | - Polina Sonis
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat-Gan 526200, Israel
| | - Mark Dolev
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat-Gan 526200, Israel
| | - Yael Stern
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat-Gan 526200, Israel
| | - Anat Achiron
- Multiple Sclerosis Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Ramat-Gan 526200, Israel
- Sackler School of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Eran Segal
- Department of Computer Science and Applied Mathematics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 7610001, Israel
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Crittenden S, Goepp M, Pollock J, Robb CT, Smyth DJ, Zhou Y, Andrews R, Tyrrell V, Gkikas K, Adima A, O'Connor RA, Davies L, Li XF, Yao HX, Ho GT, Zheng X, Mair A, Vermeren S, Qian BZ, Mole DJ, Gerasimidis K, Schwarze JKJ, Breyer RM, Arends MJ, O'Donnell VB, Iredale JP, Anderton SM, Narumiya S, Maizels RM, Rossi AG, Howie SE, Yao C. Prostaglandin E 2 promotes intestinal inflammation via inhibiting microbiota-dependent regulatory T cells. Sci Adv 2021; 7:eabd7954. [PMID: 33579710 PMCID: PMC7880593 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abd7954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Accepted: 12/24/2020] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
The gut microbiota fundamentally regulates intestinal homeostasis and disease partially through mechanisms that involve modulation of regulatory T cells (Tregs), yet how the microbiota-Treg cross-talk is physiologically controlled is incompletely defined. Here, we report that prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), a well-known mediator of inflammation, inhibits mucosal Tregs in a manner depending on the gut microbiota. PGE2 through its receptor EP4 diminishes Treg-favorable commensal microbiota. Transfer of the gut microbiota that was modified by PGE2-EP4 signaling modulates mucosal Treg responses and exacerbates intestinal inflammation. Mechanistically, PGE2-modified microbiota regulates intestinal mononuclear phagocytes and type I interferon signaling. Depletion of mononuclear phagocytes or deficiency of type I interferon receptor diminishes PGE2-dependent Treg inhibition. Together, our findings provide emergent evidence that PGE2-mediated disruption of microbiota-Treg communication fosters intestinal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siobhan Crittenden
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Marie Goepp
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Jolinda Pollock
- SRUC Veterinary Services, Scotland's Rural College, Easter Bush Estate EH26 0PZ, UK
| | - Calum T Robb
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Danielle J Smyth
- Wellcome Centre for Molecular Parasitology, Institute for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - You Zhou
- Systems Immunity University Research Institute and Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Robert Andrews
- Systems Immunity University Research Institute and Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Victoria Tyrrell
- Systems Immunity University Research Institute and Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Konstantinos Gkikas
- Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G31 2ER, UK
| | - Alexander Adima
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Richard A O'Connor
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Luke Davies
- Systems Immunity University Research Institute and Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - Xue-Feng Li
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Hatti X Yao
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Gwo-Tzer Ho
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Xiaozhong Zheng
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Amil Mair
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Sonja Vermeren
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Bin-Zhi Qian
- MRC Centre for Reproductive Health, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Damian J Mole
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Konstantinos Gerasimidis
- Human Nutrition, School of Medicine, Dentistry and Nursing, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G31 2ER, UK
| | - Jürgen K J Schwarze
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Richard M Breyer
- Department of Veterans Affairs, Tennessee Valley Health Authority, and Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA
| | - Mark J Arends
- Division of Pathology, Cancer Research UK Edinburgh Centre, The University of Edinburgh, Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, Edinburgh EH4 2XR, UK
| | - Valerie B O'Donnell
- Systems Immunity University Research Institute and Division of Infection and Immunity, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK
| | - John P Iredale
- Senate House, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1TH, UK
| | - Stephen M Anderton
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Shuh Narumiya
- Alliance Laboratory for Advanced Medical Research and Department of Drug Discovery Medicine, Medical Innovation Center, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan
| | - Rick M Maizels
- Wellcome Centre for Molecular Parasitology, Institute for Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8TA, UK
| | - Adriano G Rossi
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Sarah E Howie
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK
| | - Chengcan Yao
- Centre for Inflammation Research, Queen's Medical Research Institute, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4TJ, UK.
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Mukherjee A, Lordan C, Ross RP, Cotter PD. Gut microbes from the phylogenetically diverse genus Eubacterium and their various contributions to gut health. Gut Microbes 2020; 12:1802866. [PMID: 32835590 PMCID: PMC7524325 DOI: 10.1080/19490976.2020.1802866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 211] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Revised: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 07/22/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Over the last two decades our understanding of the gut microbiota and its contribution to health and disease has been transformed. Among a new 'generation' of potentially beneficial microbes to have been recognized are members of the genus Eubacterium, who form a part of the core human gut microbiome. The genus consists of phylogenetically, and quite frequently phenotypically, diverse species, making Eubacterium a taxonomically unique and challenging genus. Several members of the genus produce butyrate, which plays a critical role in energy homeostasis, colonic motility, immunomodulation and suppression of inflammation in the gut. Eubacterium spp. also carry out bile acid and cholesterol transformations in the gut, thereby contributing to their homeostasis. Gut dysbiosis and a consequently modified representation of Eubacterium spp. in the gut, have been linked with various human disease states. This review provides an overview of Eubacterium species from a phylogenetic perspective, describes how they alter with diet and age and summarizes its association with the human gut and various health conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arghya Mukherjee
- Department of Food Biosciences, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Ireland
| | - Cathy Lordan
- Department of Food Biosciences, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Ireland
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - R. Paul Ross
- School of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Paul D. Cotter
- Department of Food Biosciences, Teagasc Food Research Centre, Moorepark, Fermoy, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
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Appert O, Garcia AR, Frei R, Roduit C, Constancias F, Neuzil-Bunesova V, Ferstl R, Zhang J, Akdis C, Lauener R, Lacroix C, Schwab C. Initial butyrate producers during infant gut microbiota development are endospore formers. Environ Microbiol 2020; 22:3909-3921. [PMID: 32686173 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.15167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Revised: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The acquisition of the infant gut microbiota is key to establishing a host-microbiota symbiosis. Microbially produced metabolites tightly interact with the immune system, and the fermentation-derived short-chain fatty acid butyrate is considered an important mediator linked to chronic diseases later in life. The intestinal butyrate-forming bacterial population is taxonomically and functionally diverse and includes endospore formers with high transmission potential. Succession, and contribution of butyrate-producing taxa during infant gut microbiota development have been little investigated. We determined the abundance of major butyrate-forming groups and fermentation metabolites in faeces, isolated, cultivated and characterized the heat-resistant cell population, which included endospores, and compared butyrate formation efficiency of representative taxa in batch cultures. The endospore community contributed about 0.001% to total cells, and was mainly composed of the pioneer butyrate-producing Clostridium sensu stricto. We observed an increase in abundance of Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, butyrate-producing Lachnospiraceae and faecal butyrate levels with age that is likely explained by higher butyrate production capacity of contributing taxa compared with Clostridium sensu stricto. Our data suggest that a successional arrangement and an overall increase in abundance of butyrate forming populations occur during the first year of life, which is associated with an increase of intestinal butyrate formation capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia Appert
- Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Alejandro Ramirez Garcia
- Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Remo Frei
- Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland.,Division of Respiratory Medicine, Department of Paediatrics, Inselspital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Caroline Roduit
- Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland.,University Children's Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Children's Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Florentin Constancias
- Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Vera Neuzil-Bunesova
- Department of Microbiology, Nutrition and Dietetics, Czech University of Life Sciences, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Ruth Ferstl
- Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Jianbo Zhang
- Laboratory of Toxicology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Cezmi Akdis
- Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zürich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Roger Lauener
- Christine Kühne-Center for Allergy Research and Education (CK-CARE), Davos, Switzerland.,Children's Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | - Christophe Lacroix
- Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Clarissa Schwab
- Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Institute of Food, Nutrition and Health, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.,Division of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
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Guo Y, Zhu X, Zeng S, He M, Xing X, Wang C. miRNA-10a-5p Alleviates Insulin Resistance and Maintains Diurnal Patterns of Triglycerides and Gut Microbiota in High-Fat Diet-Fed Mice. Mediators Inflamm 2020; 2020:8192187. [PMID: 32879620 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8192187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 07/18/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
miRNA-10a is rhythmically expressed and regulates genes involved in lipid and glucose metabolism. However, the effects of miRNA-10a on obesity and glucose intolerance, as well as on the diurnal pattern of expression of circadian clock genes, remain unknown. We explored the effects of miRNA-10a-5p on insulin resistance and on the diurnal patterns of serum triglycerides and gut microbiota in high-fat diet- (HFD-) fed mice. The results showed that oral administration of miRNA-10a-5p significantly prevented body weight gain and improved glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in HFD-fed mice. Administration of miRNA-10a-5p also maintained the diurnal rhythm of Clock, Per2, and Cry1 expression, as well as serum glucose and triglyceride levels. Surprisingly, the diurnal oscillations of three genera of microbes, Oscillospira, Ruminococcus, and Lachnospiraceae, disrupted by HFD feeding, maintained by administration of miRNA-10a-5p. Moreover, a strong positive correlation was found between hepatic Clock expression and relative abundance of Lachnospiraceae, both in control mice (r = 0.877) and in mice administered miRNA-10a-5p (r = 0.853). Furthermore, we found that along with changes in Lachnospiraceae abundance, butyrate content in the feces maintained a diurnal rhythm after miRNA-10a-5p administration in HFD-fed mice. In conclusion, we suggest that miRNA-10a-5p may improve HFD-induced glucose intolerance and insulin resistance through the modulation of the diurnal rhythm of Lachnospiraceae and its metabolite butyrate. Therefore, miRNA-10a-5p may have preventative properties in subjects with metabolic disorders.
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Wang Z, Liu H, Wang F, Yang Y, Wang X, Chen B, Stampfli MR, Zhou H, Shu W, Brightling CE, Liang Z, Chen R. A Refined View of Airway Microbiome in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease at Species and Strain-Levels. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1758. [PMID: 32849386 PMCID: PMC7406711 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Little is known about the underlying airway microbiome diversity in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) at in-depth taxonomic levels. Here we present the first insights on the COPD airway microbiome at species and strain-levels. The full-length 16S rRNA gene was characterized from sputum in 98 COPD patients and 27 age-matched healthy controls, using the Pacific Biosciences sequencing platform. Individual species within the same genus exhibited reciprocal relationships with COPD and disease severity. Species dominant in health can be taken over by another species within the same genus but with potentially increasing pathogenicity in severe COPD patients. Ralstonia mannitolilytica, an opportunistic pathogen, was significantly increased in frequent exacerbators (fold-change = 4.94, FDR P = 0.005). There were distinct patterns of interaction between bacterial species and host inflammatory mediators according to neutrophilic or eosinophilic inflammations, two major airway inflammatory phenotypes in COPD. Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Neisseria meningitidis were associated with enhanced Th1, Th17 and pro-inflammatory mediators, while a group of seven species including Tropheryma whipplei were specifically associated with Th2 mediators related to eosinophilia. We developed an automated pipeline to assign strain-level taxonomy leveraging bacterial intra-genomic 16S allele frequency. Using this pipeline we further resolved three non-typeable H. influenzae strains PittEE, PittGG and 86-028NP with reasonable precision and uncovered strain-level variation related to airway inflammation. In particular, 86-028NP and PittGG strains exhibited inverse associations with Th2 chemokines CCL17 and CCL13, suggesting their abundances may inversely predict eosinophilic inflammation. A systematic comparison of 16S hypervariable regions indicated V1V3 instead of the commonly used V4 region was the best surrogate for airway microbiome. The full-length 16S data augmented the power of functional inference, which slightly better recapitulated the actual metagenomes. This led to the unique identification of butyrate-producing and nitrate reduction pathways as depleted in COPD. Our analysis uncovered finer-scale airway microbial diversity that was previously underappreciated, thus enabled a refined view of the airway microbiome in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhang Wang
- Institute of Ecological Science, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haiyue Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Microbiome Medicine Center, Division of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Fengyan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yuqiong Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaojuan Wang
- Institute of Ecological Science, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Boxuan Chen
- Institute of Ecological Science, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Martin R. Stampfli
- Department of Medicine, Firestone Institute for Respiratory Health at St. Joseph’s Healthcare, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Hongwei Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Organ Failure Research, Microbiome Medicine Center, Division of Laboratory Medicine, Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wensheng Shu
- Institute of Ecological Science, School of Life Sciences, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Christopher E. Brightling
- Institute for Lung Health, NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Department of Respiratory Sciences, University of Leicester, Leicester, United Kingdom
| | - Zhenyu Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Rongchang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, National Clinical Research Center for Respiratory Disease, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Health, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Department, Shenzhen Institute of Respiratory Diseases, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Shenzhen, China
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Villot C, Chen Y, Pedgerachny K, Chaucheyras-Durand F, Chevaux E, Skidmore A, Guan LL, Steele MA. Early supplementation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae boulardii CNCM I-1079 in newborn dairy calves increases IgA production in the intestine at 1 week of age. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:8615-8628. [PMID: 32684462 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2020-18274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2020] [Accepted: 04/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The early development of immunity and microbiota in the gut of newborn calves can have life-long consequences. Gut microbiota and the intestinal barrier interplay after birth, establishing a homeostatic state whereby mucosal cells cohabit with microorganisms to develop a healthy gut. We hypothesized that postnatal codevelopment of gut immunity and microbiota could be influenced by early-life supplementation with live yeast. Starting from birth, calves either received a daily supplementation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae boulardii CNCM I-1079 (SCB, 10 × 109 cfu/d, n = 10) in the morning meal for 7 d or no supplementation (n = 10). Each animal received 2 adequate colostrum replacer meals at 2 and 12 h of life (expected total IgG fed = 300 g) before being fed milk replacer twice a day. Passive transfer of immunity (total protein, IgG, and IgA) through colostrum was evaluated and endogenous production of IgA was investigated by measuring IgA-producing plasma cells, IgA relative gene expression (PIGR and CD79A), and secretory IgA concentration in the gut. The concentration of targeted microbial groups was evaluated with quantitative PCR in the gut digesta collected at d 7 of life. Early SCB supplementation did not impair immunoglobulin absorption and all calves had successful passive transfer of immunity (serum IgG concentration >15 mg/mL at d 1 and d 7 of age). Although the expression of IgA relative gene expression (PIGR and CD79A) was not different, SCB calves had higher secretory IgA concentrations in the ileum (1.98 ± 0.12 mg/g of dry matter; DM) and colon (1.45 ± 0.12 mg/g of DM) digesta compared with control animals (1.18 and 0.59 ± 0.12 mg/g of DM, respectively). In addition, the number of IgA-producing plasma cells were greater in both ileum (2.55 ± 0.40 cells/mm2) and colon (3.03 ± 0.40 cells/mm2) tissues for SCB calves compared with control (respectively 1.00 ± 0.40 and 0.60 ± 0.42 cells/mm2). Endogenous IgA production in the gut of SCB calves was enhanced, which could make them less prone to pathogen intrusion. In addition, SCB calves had higher Lactobacillus and tended to have higher Faecalibacterium prausnitzii in the jejunum compared with control calves, which suggests that SCB supplementation during early-life gut colonization may have a positive effect in newborn calves. Direct SCB supplementation or the cross-talk between SCB and bacteria may be responsible for stimulating IgA production and may play a key role in shaping early colonization in the gut of newborn calves.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Villot
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2P5, Canada; Lallemand SAS, F-31702 Blagnac, France
| | - Y Chen
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2P5, Canada; Lethbridge Research Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, AB T1J 4B1, Canada
| | - K Pedgerachny
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2P5, Canada
| | | | - E Chevaux
- Lallemand SAS, F-31702 Blagnac, France
| | - A Skidmore
- Lallemand Specialties Inc, Milwaukee, WI 53218
| | - L L Guan
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - M A Steele
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G 2P5, Canada; Department of Animal Biosciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada.
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Du X, Xiang Y, Lou F, Tu P, Zhang X, Hu X, Lyu W, Xiao Y. Microbial Community and Short-Chain Fatty Acid Mapping in the Intestinal Tract of Quail. Animals (Basel) 2020; 10:ani10061006. [PMID: 32526858 PMCID: PMC7341218 DOI: 10.3390/ani10061006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2020] [Revised: 06/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Quail is an economically important type of poultry, valued for its high meat quality and abundant egg nutrition. It is also an important laboratory research animal, widely used in developmental biology and toxicology tests. Since the gut microbiota plays a vital role in the host’s growth and health, we investigated the microbiota inhabiting the duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, and colorectum of quail in the present study, using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and qPCR. The concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) were evaluated using gas chromatography. We found that the microbiota in the cecum was different from other intestinal sections and the enriched inhabitants of SCFA-producing bacterial genera made cecum the core locations of SCFA production in quail. The results of this study will provide fundamental data for further quail microbiology and functional studies. Abstract Quail is raised throughout China for egg and meat production. To deeply understand the gastrointestinal microbial composition and metabolites of quail, the present study characterized the microbiota inhabiting five intestinal locations of eight-week-old quail using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and qPCR, and evaluated the concentrations of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in each individual location using gas chromatography. The results showed that Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, and Deferribacteres were the five most abundant phyla in the intestinal tract of quail. Firmicutes was largely dominant (>95%) in the small intestine, whereas Bacteroidetes increased significantly in the cecum (19.19%) and colorectum (8.09%). At the genus level, Lactobacillus was predominant in almost all sections (>50%) except in the cecum (7.26%), where Megamonas, Faecalibacterium, and Bacteroides were dominant. qPCR data indicated that the population sizes of both the total bacteria and proportions of the Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, and Bacteroides group increased going from the proximal toward the distal end of the intestine in quail. The SCFA-producing bacterial genera Bacteroides, Faecalibacterium, Alistipes, Blautia, Parabacteroides, and Clostridium were of higher richness in the cecum and colorectum, where, accordingly, more SCFAs were produced. These findings will be helpful for the future study of quail microbiology, as well as its relationship with productive performance and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xizhong Du
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jinhua Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinhua 321011, China; (X.D.); (Y.X.); (F.L.); (P.T.); (X.Z.); (X.H.)
| | - Yun Xiang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jinhua Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinhua 321011, China; (X.D.); (Y.X.); (F.L.); (P.T.); (X.Z.); (X.H.)
| | - Fangfang Lou
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jinhua Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinhua 321011, China; (X.D.); (Y.X.); (F.L.); (P.T.); (X.Z.); (X.H.)
| | - Pingguang Tu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jinhua Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinhua 321011, China; (X.D.); (Y.X.); (F.L.); (P.T.); (X.Z.); (X.H.)
| | - Xiaojun Zhang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jinhua Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinhua 321011, China; (X.D.); (Y.X.); (F.L.); (P.T.); (X.Z.); (X.H.)
| | - Xujin Hu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Jinhua Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinhua 321011, China; (X.D.); (Y.X.); (F.L.); (P.T.); (X.Z.); (X.H.)
| | - Wentao Lyu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China;
| | - Yingping Xiao
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310021, China;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-571-86404015; Fax: +86-571-86401834
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Cirstea MS, Yu AC, Golz E, Sundvick K, Kliger D, Radisavljevic N, Foulger LH, Mackenzie M, Huan T, Finlay BB, Appel-Cresswell S. Microbiota Composition and Metabolism Are Associated With Gut Function in Parkinson's Disease. Mov Disord 2020; 35:1208-1217. [PMID: 32357258 DOI: 10.1002/mds.28052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2020] [Revised: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Parkinson's disease is characterized by a high burden of gastrointestinal comorbidities, especially constipation and reduced colonic transit time, and by gut microbiota alterations. The diverse metabolites produced by the microbiota are broadly relevant to host health. How microbiota composition and metabolism relate to gastrointestinal function in Parkinson's disease is largely unknown. The objectives of the current study were to assesses associations between microbiota composition, stool consistency, constipation, and systemic microbial metabolites in Parkinson's disease to better understand how intestinal microbes contribute to gastrointestinal disturbances commonly observed in patients. METHODS Three hundred participants (197 Parkinson's patients and 103 controls) were recruited for this cross-sectional cohort study. Participants supplied fecal samples for microbiota sequencing (n = 300) and serum for untargeted metabolomics (n = 125). Data were collected on motor and nonmotor Parkinson's symptoms, medications, diet, and demographics. RESULTS Significant microbiota taxonomic differences were observed in Parkinson's patients, even when controlling for gastrointestinal function. Parkinson's microbiota was characterized by reduced carbohydrate fermentation and butyrate synthesis capacity and increased proteolytic fermentation and production of deleterious amino acid metabolites, including p-cresol and phenylacetylglutamine. Taxonomic shifts and elevated proteolytic metabolites were strongly associated with stool consistency (a proxy for colonic transit time) and constipation among patients. CONCLUSIONS Compositional and metabolic alterations in the Parkinson's microbiota are highly associated with gut function, suggesting plausible mechanistic links between altered bacterial metabolism and reduced gut health in this disease. The systemic detection of elevated deleterious proteolytic microbial metabolites in Parkinson's serum suggests a mechanism whereby microbiota dysbiosis contributes to disease etiology and pathophysiology. © 2020 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mihai S Cirstea
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Michael Smith Laboratories, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Adam C Yu
- Pacific Parkinson's Research Centre and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Ella Golz
- Pacific Parkinson's Research Centre and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Kristen Sundvick
- Pacific Parkinson's Research Centre and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Daniel Kliger
- Pacific Parkinson's Research Centre and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Nina Radisavljevic
- Michael Smith Laboratories, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Liam H Foulger
- Pacific Parkinson's Research Centre and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Melissa Mackenzie
- Pacific Parkinson's Research Centre and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Division of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Tau Huan
- Department of Chemistry, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - B Brett Finlay
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Michael Smith Laboratories, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Silke Appel-Cresswell
- Pacific Parkinson's Research Centre and Djavad Mowafaghian Centre for Brain Health, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.,Division of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, UBC, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
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Butera A, Di Paola M, Vitali F, De Nitto D, Covotta F, Borrini F, Pica R, De Filippo C, Cavalieri D, Giuliani A, Pronio A, Boirivant M. IL-13 mRNA Tissue Content Identifies Two Subsets of Adult Ulcerative Colitis Patients With Different Clinical and Mucosa-Associated Microbiota Profiles. J Crohns Colitis 2020; 14:369-380. [PMID: 31501882 DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjz154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS A personalized approach to therapy hold great promise to improve disease outcomes. To this end, the identification of different subsets of patients according to the prevalent pathogenic process might guide the choice of therapeutic strategy. We hypothesize that ulcerative colitis [UC] patients might be stratified according to distinctive cytokine profiles and/or to a specific mucosa-associated microbiota. METHODS In a cohort of clinically and endoscopic active UC patients and controls, we used quantitative PCR to analyse the mucosal cytokine mRNA content and 16S rRNA gene sequencing to assess the mucosa-associated microbiota composition. RESULTS We demonstrate, by means of data-driven approach, the existence of a specific UC patient subgroup characterized by elevated IL-13 mRNA tissue content separate from patients with low IL-13 mRNA tissue content. The two subsets differ in clinical-pathological characteristics. High IL-13 mRNA patients are younger at diagnosis and have a higher prevalence of extensive colitis than low IL-13 mRNA patients. They also show more frequent use of steroid/immunosuppressant/anti-tumour necrosis factor α therapy during 1 year of follow-up. The two subgroups show differential enrichment of mucosa-associated microbiota genera with a prevalence of Prevotella in patients with high IL-13 mRNA tissue content and Sutterella and Acidaminococcus in patients with low IL-13 mRNA tissue content. CONCLUSION Assessment of mucosal IL-13 mRNA might help in the identification of a patient subgroup that might benefit from a therapeutic approach modulating IL-13. PODCAST This article has an associated podcast which can be accessed at https://academic.oup.com/ecco-jcc/pages/podcast.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Butera
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Rome, Italy
| | - Monica Di Paola
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Firenze, Italy
| | - Francesco Vitali
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Francesco Covotta
- University "Sapienza", Dept General Surgery, "P. Stefanini", Rome, Italy
| | | | - Roberta Pica
- Sandro Pertini Hospital, IBD, GE Unit, Rome, Italy
| | - Carlotta De Filippo
- Institute of Agricultural Biology and Biotechnology, National Research Council, Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | - Annamaria Pronio
- University "Sapienza", Dept General Surgery, "P. Stefanini", Rome, Italy
| | - Monica Boirivant
- Istituto Superiore di Sanità, National Center for Drug Research and Evaluation, Rome, Italy
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Khan I, Pathan S, Li XA, Leong WK, Liao WL, Wong V, Hsiao WLW. Far infrared radiation induces changes in gut microbiota and activates GPCRs in mice. J Adv Res 2020; 22:145-52. [PMID: 31969995 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2019.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2019] [Revised: 11/28/2019] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Transient exposure of FIR induced compositional and temporal changes in gut microbiota of mice. FIR exposure stimulated growth of the gut beneficial bacteria. FIR exposure promoted growth of the gut SCFAs-producing bacteria. FIR treatment upregulated the expressions of the SCFAs-sensing G-protein coupled receptors in the intestinal mucous of the mice.
Far infrared radiation (FIR) has been widely used to treat chronic diseases and symptoms; however, the underlying mechanism remains unclear. As gut microbiota (GM) markedly impact the host’s physiology, making GM a potential target for the therapeutic evaluation of FIR. C57BL/6J mice were exposed to five times of 2 min-FIR exposure on the abdomen, with a two-hour interval of each exposure within one day. Fecal samples were collected on day one and day 25 after the FIR/control treatment, and the extracted fecal DNAs were evaluated using ERIC-PCR and 16S amplicon sequencing. Host’s G-protein coupled receptors (GPCR) were analyzed using qRT-PCR. FIR induced immediate changes in the GM composition. A prompt and significant (p < 0.05) reduction in the abundance of phylum Deferribacteres (comprised of several pathogens) was observed in the FIR-irradiated mice compared to the control group. Contrarily, FIR exposure induced beneficial genera such as Alistipes, Barnesiella, and Prevotella. The gut of FIR-irradiated mice was predominated by short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) producers. Also, FIR stimulated the expression of SCFAs-sensing receptors, GPCR 41, 43, and 109 in the gut epithelial barrier. These findings provide the first-hand evidence in which the beneficial effects of FIR radiation might be partially through the modulation of GM.
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van Niekerk JK, Fischer-Tlustos AJ, Deikun LL, Quigley JD, Dennis TS, Suarez-Mena FX, Hill TM, Schlotterbeck RL, Guan LL, Steele MA. Effect of amount of milk replacer fed and the processing of corn in starter on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and rumen and fecal fibrolytic bacteria of dairy calves. J Dairy Sci 2020; 103:2186-2199. [PMID: 31954563 DOI: 10.3168/jds.2019-17372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Accepted: 11/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate effects of milk replacer (MR) feeding rate and processing of corn in calf starter (CS) on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and rumen and fecal fibrolytic bacteria in dairy calves. Holstein male calves (n = 48, 2-3 d of age) were randomly assigned to 1 of 4 treatments with a 2 × 2 factorial arrangement of MR level of 0.749 kg of MR/d (LO) or up to 1.498 kg of MR/d (HI); and whole corn or flaked corn in textured CS. Calves were weaned by reducing MR offered by 50% during wk 6. Intakes of MR and CS were recorded daily, whereas body weight (BW) was measured weekly. Rumen fluid and fecal matter were collected at wk 5 and 8 to quantify fibrolytic bacteria and nutrient digestibility. Data were analyzed as a completely randomized design using mixed model ANOVA. Repeated measures were used as appropriate. Calves fed HI had greater average daily gain than calves fed LO at wk 2, 3, 4, and 5, yet at wk 7 calves fed HI had lower average daily gain compared with calves fed LO. Starter intake was greater for calves fed LO compared with HI at wk 4, 5, 6, and 7. During wk 5 and 8, calves fed LO had increased ADF and NDF digestibility compared with calves fed HI. During wk 5, dry matter and organic matter digestibility were lower for LO-fed calves compared with HI-fed calves, but during wk 8 the opposite was observed, with HI-fed calves having lower dry matter and organic matter digestibility than LO-fed calves. At wk 5, Clostridium cluster IV and Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens proportions in rumen fluid tended to be higher and Clostridium cluster IV, Fecalibacterium sp., and Prevotella sp. proportions in fecal matter were higher in calves fed LO compared with HI. From wk 8 to 16, dry matter intake was unaffected by treatment; however, energy efficiency was greater in calves fed LO, causing LO calves to have higher BW gain during this period. Greater starter digestibility was observed for calves fed LO versus HI in concert with increased fibrolytic bacteria proportions (wk 5) in fecal and rumen samples, which resulted in greater postweaning BW gain and similar BW and frame measurements by 16 wk of age. Overall the results show that rate of MR feeding has a larger effect than the processing of corn in CS on performance, fiber digestibility, and rumen and fecal fibrolytic bacterial communities.
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Affiliation(s)
- J K van Niekerk
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - A J Fischer-Tlustos
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - L L Deikun
- Nurture Research Center, Provimi, Cargill Animal Nutrition, Brookville, OH 45309
| | - J D Quigley
- Nurture Research Center, Provimi, Cargill Animal Nutrition, Brookville, OH 45309
| | - T S Dennis
- Nurture Research Center, Provimi, Cargill Animal Nutrition, Brookville, OH 45309
| | - F X Suarez-Mena
- Nurture Research Center, Provimi, Cargill Animal Nutrition, Brookville, OH 45309
| | - T M Hill
- Nurture Research Center, Provimi, Cargill Animal Nutrition, Brookville, OH 45309
| | - R L Schlotterbeck
- Nurture Research Center, Provimi, Cargill Animal Nutrition, Brookville, OH 45309
| | - L L Guan
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada
| | - M A Steele
- Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada.
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Nyman M, Nguyen TD, Wikman O, Hjortswang H, Hallert C. Oat Bran Increased Fecal Butyrate and Prevented Gastrointestinal Symptoms in Patients With Quiescent Ulcerative Colitis-Randomized Controlled Trial. Crohns Colitis 360 2020; 2:otaa005. [PMID: 36777965 PMCID: PMC9802401 DOI: 10.1093/crocol/otaa005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Oat bran specifically increases colon butyrate concentrations and could therefore affect the progress of the disease in patients with ulcerative colitis (UC). Methods Patients with UC in remission were enrolled in a controlled multicenter study and randomized to eat oat bran or low-fiber wheat products. Results Ninety-four of the enrolled patients (n = 47 for both groups) completed the 24-week study. The oat bran group had significantly (P < 0.05) higher fecal butyrate concentrations and lower serum LDL levels, while deterioration of gastrointestinal symptoms was prevented, and subjective health maintained. The control diet significantly (P < 0.05) increased obstipation, reflux, and the symptom burden and had no effects on butyrate or LDL-cholesterol. The relapse rate was the same for both diets. Conclusions Oat bran was well tolerated when given to patients with quiescent UC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margareta Nyman
- Department of Food Technology, Engineering and Nutrition, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | - Thao Duy Nguyen
- Department of Food Technology, Engineering and Nutrition, Lund University, Lund, Sweden
| | | | - Henrik Hjortswang
- Department of Gastroenterology and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Claes Hallert
- Gastroenterology Unit at Norrköping Hospital, Norrköping, Sweden
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Abstract
The last decade has been characterized by an intense research on the composition of the gut microbiome and the links with human health. While previous work was focused on the effects of prebiotics and probiotics, nowadays several laboratories are describing the gut microbiome and its metabolic functions. Gut microbiome interaction with nutrients allows the gut microbiome to survive and at the same time determines the production of metabolites that are either adsorbed by intestinal cell in a mutual relationship or promote detrimental effect. Metabolomics, a new method to approach identification of biomarkers has been used to identify small metabolites in blood and other biofluids. The study of metabolome revealed several microbial derived metabolites that are circulating in blood and potentially affect human health. In this review we describe the links between regulation of metabolism and microbial derived metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ben Arpad Kappel
- Department of Internal Medicine 1, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany
| | - Massimo Federici
- Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Via Montpellier 1, 00133, Rome, Italy.
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