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Micucci M, Stella Bartoletti A, Abdullah FO, Burattini S, Versari I, Canale M, D’Agostino F, Roncarati D, Piatti D, Sagratini G, Caprioli G, Mari M, Retini M, Faenza I, Battistelli M, Salucci S. Paradigm Shift in Gastric Cancer Prevention: Harnessing the Potential of Aristolochia olivieri Extract. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16003. [PMID: 37958986 PMCID: PMC10648348 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242116003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer, particularly adenocarcinoma, is a significant global health concern. Environmental risk factors, such as Helicobacter pylori infection and diet, play a role in its development. This study aimed to characterize the chemical composition and evaluate the in vitro antibacterial and antitumor activities of an Aristolochia olivieri Colleg. ex Boiss. Leaves' methanolic extract (AOME). Additionally, morphological changes in gastric cancer cell lines were analyzed. AOME was analyzed using HPLC-MS/MS, and its antibacterial activity against H. pylori was assessed using the broth microdilution method. MIC and MBC values were determined, and positive and negative controls were included in the evaluation. Anticancer effects were assessed through in vitro experiments using AGS, KATO-III, and SNU-1 cancer cell lines. The morphological changes were examined through SEM and TEM analyses. AOME contained several compounds, including caffeic acid, rutin, and hyperoside. The extract displayed significant antimicrobial effects against H. pylori, with consistent MIC and MBC values of 3.70 ± 0.09 mg/mL. AOME reduced cell viability in all gastric cancer cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Morphological analyses revealed significant ultrastructural changes in all tumor cell lines, suggesting the occurrence of cellular apoptosis. This study demonstrated that AOME possesses antimicrobial activity against H. pylori and potent antineoplastic properties in gastric cancer cell lines. AOME holds promise as a natural resource for innovative nutraceutical approaches in gastric cancer management. Further research and in vivo studies are warranted to validate its potential clinical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Micucci
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (M.M.); (S.B.); (M.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Anna Stella Bartoletti
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Fuad O. Abdullah
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Salahaddin University, Erbil 44001, Iraq;
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty Pharmacy, Tishk International University, Erbil 44001, Iraq
| | - Sabrina Burattini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (M.M.); (S.B.); (M.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Ilaria Versari
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (I.V.); (I.F.); (S.S.)
| | - Matteo Canale
- Biosciences Laboratory, IRCCS Istituto Romagnolo per lo Studio dei Tumori (IRST) “Dino Amadori”, 47014 Meldola, Italy;
| | - Federico D’Agostino
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (F.D.); (D.R.)
| | - Davide Roncarati
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (F.D.); (D.R.)
| | - Diletta Piatti
- Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (D.P.); (G.S.); (G.C.)
| | - Gianni Sagratini
- Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (D.P.); (G.S.); (G.C.)
| | - Giovanni Caprioli
- Chemistry Interdisciplinary Project, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy; (D.P.); (G.S.); (G.C.)
| | - Michele Mari
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (M.M.); (S.B.); (M.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Michele Retini
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (M.M.); (S.B.); (M.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Irene Faenza
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (I.V.); (I.F.); (S.S.)
| | - Michela Battistelli
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, University of Urbino “Carlo Bo”, 61029 Urbino, Italy; (M.M.); (S.B.); (M.M.); (M.R.)
| | - Sara Salucci
- Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (I.V.); (I.F.); (S.S.)
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Manfredi G, Pedaci M, Iiritano E, Alicante S, Romeo S, Bertè R, Londoni C, Menozzi F, Brambilla G, Pezzilli R, Zullo A, Buscarini E. Impact of improved upper endoscopy quality on detection of gastric precancerous lesions. Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2023; 35:285-7. [PMID: 36708299 DOI: 10.1097/MEG.0000000000002513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Intestinal metaplasia (IM) is the point of no return in gastric carcinogenesis, and patients with extensive (antrum plus corpus) IM are at high risk of developing gastric cancer. We evaluated the impact of improved gastroscopy quality on the detection of gastric IM in an Italian area at high risk for gastric cancer. METHODS Data of consecutive patients with gastric biopsies according to the updated Sydney System observed in 2013, 2016 and 2019 resulting in IM diagnosis were retrieved. In the first period, endoscopy was performed with standard white light instruments. In the second period, preendoscopic gastric preparation was administered, and the examinations lasting at least 7 min with standard endoscopes were performed. In the third period, the latter procedure was followed, with virtual chromoendoscopy equipped instruments. The prevalence of IM in any gastric site and that of extensive IM were compared among the three periods. RESULTS Data of 3485 patients were available. The detection of IM in at least one gastric site increased from 29.9 to 33.6% and 34.5% (95% CI, 32.1-36.8) in the first, second and third period, respectively. The difference was statistically significant between the first and last (P = 0.02; OR, 1.24; 95% CI, 1.04-1.48) period. When considering extensive IM, the detection increased from 4.28 to 6.1% and 5.44%, although the difference failed to reach statistical significance (P = 0.076). CONCLUSION Our data showed that implementation of a quality protocol increased the probability to detect IM in the stomach, allowing us to select patients deserving stricter follow-up.
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Monti M, Massa I, Foca F, Morgagni P, Framarini M, Passardi A, Falcini F, Frassineti GL. Retrospective analysis of gastric cancer management in a real-world setting: a single-institution experience. Tumori 2020; 106:165-171. [PMID: 32167020 DOI: 10.1177/0300891620910488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION In a gastric cancer (GC) setting, phase II and III studies refer to an ideal patient population and only describe a specific category of patients. Older patients or those in poorer clinical condition are generally excluded from clinical trials. We aimed to evaluate therapeutic approaches to GC in a real-world setting at our institute (Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori [IRST] IRCCS) over a 10-year period. METHODS A total of 621 consecutive patients with GC diagnosed between January 2000 and December 2009 were considered retrospectively. Among these, 573 with available information on stage of disease were included in the analysis. Demographic and clinical data were collected from paper or electronic medical records. RESULTS During the study period, 343 (59.8%) patients were diagnosed with GC stage 0 to IIIC (M0): of these, 118 patients had a relapse of disease. A total of 230 patients (40.2%) presented with metastatic disease at diagnosis. Older age was associated with less frequent administration of adjuvant chemotherapy (odds ratio [OR], 0.87; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.83-0.91); interaction between age and period (OR, 1.02; 95% CI, 1.01-1.03) and stage of disease at diagnosis (OR, 7.95; 95% CI, 3.71-17.1) were positively associated with administration of adjuvant chemotherapy. Older age (OR, 0.87; 95% CI, 0.84-0.90) and presence of comorbidity (OR, 0.46; 95% CI, 0.26-0.83) were associated with less frequent administration of palliative chemotherapy, whereas from 2000-2004 to 2005-2009, patients were more frequently treated with palliative chemotherapy overall (OR, 3.70; 95% CI, 2.01-6.81). CONCLUSIONS Our results confirm that resection is the standard surgical approach to GC, and that chemotherapy is not widely used in adjuvant and metastatic settings. Older age and comorbidities are associated with nontreatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manlio Monti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
| | - Ilaria Massa
- Unit of Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
| | - Flavia Foca
- Unit of Biostatistics and Clinical Trials, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
| | - Paolo Morgagni
- Department of General Surgery, Morgagni-Pierantoni Hospital, Forlì, Italy
| | - Massimo Framarini
- Department of General Surgery, Morgagni-Pierantoni Hospital, Forlì, Italy
| | - Alessandro Passardi
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
| | - Fabio Falcini
- Romagna Cancer Registry, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
- Cancer Prevention Unit, Morgagni-Pierantoni Hospital, Forlì, Italy
| | - Giovanni Luca Frassineti
- Department of Medical Oncology, Istituto Scientifico Romagnolo per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori (IRST) IRCCS, Meldola, Italy
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Toracchio S, Caruso RA, Perconti S, Rigoli L, Betri E, Neri M, Verginelli F, Mariani-Costantini R. Evolutionarily-Related Helicobacter pylori Genotypes and Gastric Intraepithelial Neoplasia in a High-Risk Area of Northern Italy. Microorganisms 2020; 8:microorganisms8030324. [PMID: 32110918 PMCID: PMC7142731 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8030324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Helicobacter pylori (Hp) is the major recognized risk factor for non-cardia gastric cancer (GC), but only a fraction of infected subjects develop GC, thus GC risk might reflect other genetic/environmental cofactors and/or differences in virulence among infectious Hp strains. Focusing on a high GC risk area of Northern Italy (Cremona, Lombardy) and using archived paraffin-embedded biopsies, we investigated the associations between the Hp vacA and cagA genotype variants and gastric intraepithelial neoplasia (GIN, 33 cases) versus non-neoplastic gastroduodenal lesions (NNGDLs, 37 cases). The glmM gene and the cagA and vacA (s and m) genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequencing. Hp was confirmed in 37/37 (100%) NNGDLs and detected in 9/33 GINs (27%), consistently with the well-known Hp loss in GC. CagA was detected in 4/9 Hp-positive GINs and in 29/37 NNGDLs. The vacA s1a and m1 subtypes were more common in GINs than in NNGDLs (6/7 vs. 12/34, p=0.014, for s1a; 7/7 vs. 18/34, p=0.020 for m1), with significant vacA s genotype-specific variance. The GIN-associated vacA s1a sequences clustered together, suggesting that aggressive Hp strains from a unique founder contribute to GC in the high-risk area studied.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sonia Toracchio
- Center for Advanced Studies (CAST/CeSI-MeT), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (S.T.); (S.P.); (M.N.)
| | - Rosario Alberto Caruso
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age “Gaetano Barresi”, Section of Pathology, University of Messina, 98123 Messina, Italy; (R.A.C.); (L.R.)
| | - Silvia Perconti
- Center for Advanced Studies (CAST/CeSI-MeT), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (S.T.); (S.P.); (M.N.)
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Luciana Rigoli
- Department of Human Pathology in Adult and Developmental Age “Gaetano Barresi”, Section of Pathology, University of Messina, 98123 Messina, Italy; (R.A.C.); (L.R.)
| | - Enrico Betri
- Department of Pathology, Istituti Ospitalieri, 26100 Cremona, Italy;
| | - Matteo Neri
- Center for Advanced Studies (CAST/CeSI-MeT), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (S.T.); (S.P.); (M.N.)
- Department of Medicine and Aging Science, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
| | - Fabio Verginelli
- Center for Advanced Studies (CAST/CeSI-MeT), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (S.T.); (S.P.); (M.N.)
- Department of Pharmacy, G. d’Annunzio University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.V.); (R.M.-C.); Tel.: +39-08713554576 (F.V.); +39-0871541496 (R.M.-C.)
| | - Renato Mariani-Costantini
- Center for Advanced Studies (CAST/CeSI-MeT), “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy; (S.T.); (S.P.); (M.N.)
- Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, “G. d’Annunzio” University of Chieti-Pescara, 66100 Chieti, Italy
- Correspondence: (F.V.); (R.M.-C.); Tel.: +39-08713554576 (F.V.); +39-0871541496 (R.M.-C.)
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Ma HW, Xi DY, Ma JZ, Guo M, Ma L, Ma DH, Li PW, Guo CA. Long Noncoding RNA AFAP1-AS1 Promotes Cell Proliferation and Metastasis via the miR-155-5p/FGF7 Axis and Predicts Poor Prognosis in Gastric Cancer. Dis Markers 2020; 2020:8140989. [PMID: 32051698 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8140989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Actin filament-associated protein 1-antisense RNA 1 (AFAP1-AS1) plays an important role in the development and progression of several human cancers. However, its biological function in gastric cancer (GC) progression is still unknown. Methods We used qRT-PCR to detect the relative expression of AFAP1-AS1 in GC tissues and cell lines. The loss-of-function assays were conducted to detect the effect of AFAP1-AS1 on GC development. Bioinformatics analysis, luciferase reporter gene analysis, and RIP analysis were used to identify and validate target genes of AFAP1-AS1. Finally, rescue tests were performed to confirm the influence of the AFAP1-AS1-miR-155-5p-FGF7 axis on GC development. Results AFAP1-AS1 was upregulated in GC tissues and cell lines and was closely correlated with poor prognosis of GC patients. AFAP1-AS1 knockdown inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion of GC cells, indicating that AFAP1-AS1 acts as an oncogene in GC. Bioinformatics analysis, dual-luciferase reporter gene detection, and RIP assays validated that AFAP1-AS1 directly interacts to miR-155-5p and could positively affect cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by regulation of the expression of miR-155-5p and FGF7. Further rescue assays revealed that AFAP1-AS1 promotes cell proliferation and metastasis through the miR-155-5p/FGF7 axis in GC. Conclusions AFAP1-AS1 might be an oncogenic lncRNA that promoted GC progression by acting as a competing endogenous RNA (ceRNA) that regulates the expression of FGF7 through sponging miR-155-5p, suggesting that AFAP1-AS1 may be a novel potential therapeutic target for GC.
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Mao QQ, Xu XY, Shang A, Gan RY, Wu DT, Atanasov AG, Li HB. Phytochemicals for the Prevention and Treatment of Gastric Cancer: Effects and Mechanisms. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E570. [PMID: 31963129 PMCID: PMC7014214 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2019] [Revised: 01/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastric cancer is the fifth most common cancer, and the third most prevalent cause of cancer-related deaths in the world. Voluminous evidence has demonstrated that phytochemicals play a critical role in the prevention and management of gastric cancer. Most epidemiological investigations indicate that the increased intake of phytochemicals could reduce the risk of gastric cancer. Experimental studies have elucidated the mechanisms of action, including inhibiting cancer cell proliferation, inducing apoptosis and autophagy, and suppressing angiogenesis as well as cancer cell metastasis. These mechanisms have also been related to the inhibition of Helicobacter pylori and the modulation of gut microbiota. In addition, the intake of phytochemicals could enhance the efficacy of anticancer chemotherapeutics. Moreover, clinical studies have illustrated that phytochemicals have the potential for the prevention and the management of gastric cancer in humans. To provide an updated understanding of relationships between phytochemicals and gastric cancer, this review summarizes the effects of phytochemicals on gastric cancer, highlighting the underlying mechanisms. This review could be helpful for guiding the public in preventing gastric cancer through phytochemicals, as well as in developing functional food and drugs for the prevention and treatment of gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian-Qian Mao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (Q.-Q.M.); (X.-Y.X.); (A.S.)
| | - Xiao-Yu Xu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (Q.-Q.M.); (X.-Y.X.); (A.S.)
| | - Ao Shang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (Q.-Q.M.); (X.-Y.X.); (A.S.)
| | - Ren-You Gan
- Research Center for Plants and Human Health, Institute of Urban Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Chengdu 610213, China
- Department of Food Science & Technology, School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ding-Tao Wu
- Institute of Food Processing and Safety, College of Food Science, Sichuan Agricultural University, Ya’an 625014, China;
| | - Atanas G. Atanasov
- Department of Molecular Biology, Institute of Genetics and Animal Breeding of the Polish Academy of Sciences, Jastrzebiec, 05-552 Magdalenka, Poland;
- Institute of Neurobiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 23 Acad. G. Bonchev str., 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
- Department of Pharmacognosy, University of Vienna, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Digital Health and Patient Safety, Medical University of Vienna, Spitalgasse 23, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Hua-Bin Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China; (Q.-Q.M.); (X.-Y.X.); (A.S.)
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