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Chandel P, Thapa K, Kanojia N, Rani L, Rohilla P. Exploring Therapeutic Potential of Phytoconstituents as a Gut Microbiota Modulator in the Management of Neurological and Psychological Disorders. Neuroscience 2024:S0306-4522(24)00188-X. [PMID: 38754721 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/02/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
The functioning of the brain and its impact on behavior, emotions, and cognition can be affected by both neurological and psychiatric disorders that impose a significant burden on global health. Phytochemicals are helpful in the treatment of several neurological and psychological disorders, including anxiety, depression, Huntington's disease (HD), Parkinson's disease (PD), Alzheimer's disease (AD), and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), because they have symptomatic benefits with few adverse reactions. Changes in gut microbiota have been associated with many neurological and psychiatric conditions. This review focuses on the potential efficacy of phytochemicals such as flavonoids, terpenoids, and polyphenols in regulating gut flora and providing symptomatic relief for a range of neurological and psychological conditions. Evidence-based research has shown the medicinal potentials of these phytochemicals, but additional study is required to determine whether altering gut microbiota might slow the advancement of neurological and psychological problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prarit Chandel
- Chitkara University, School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University., Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Komal Thapa
- Chitkara University, School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University., Himachal Pradesh, India.
| | - Neha Kanojia
- Chitkara University, School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University., Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Lata Rani
- Chitkara University, School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University., Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Pulkit Rohilla
- Chitkara University, School of Pharmacy, Chitkara University., Himachal Pradesh, India
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Ackmann J, Brüge A, Gotina L, Lim S, Jahreis K, Vollbrecht AL, Kim YK, Pae AN, Labus J, Ponimaskin E. Structural determinants for activation of the Tau kinase CDK5 by the serotonin receptor 5-HT7R. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:233. [PMID: 38641599 PMCID: PMC11031989 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01612-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Multiple neurodegenerative diseases are induced by the formation and deposition of protein aggregates. In particular, the microtubule-associated protein Tau leads to the development of so-called tauopathies characterized by the aggregation of hyperphosphorylated Tau within neurons. We recently showed that the constitutive activity of the serotonin receptor 7 (5-HT7R) is required for Tau hyperphosphorylation and aggregation through activation of the cyclin-dependent kinase 5 (CDK5). We also demonstrated physical interaction between 5-HT7R and CDK5 at the plasma membrane suggesting that the 5-HT7R/CDK5 complex is an integral part of the signaling network involved in Tau-mediated pathology. METHODS Using biochemical, microscopic, molecular biological, computational and AI-based approaches, we investigated structural requirements for the formation of 5-HT7R/CDK5 complex. RESULTS We demonstrated that 5-HT7R domains responsible for coupling to Gs proteins are not involved in receptor interaction with CDK5. We also created a structural model of the 5-HT7R/CDK5 complex and refined the interaction interface. The model predicted two conserved phenylalanine residues, F278 and F281, within the third intracellular loop of 5-HT7R to be potentially important for complex formation. While site-directed mutagenesis of these residues did not influence Gs protein-mediated receptor signaling, replacement of both phenylalanines by alanine residues significantly reduced 5-HT7R/CDK5 interaction and receptor-mediated CDK5 activation, leading to reduced Tau hyperphosphorylation and aggregation. Molecular dynamics simulations of 5-HT7R/CDK5 complex for wild-type and receptor mutants confirmed binding interface stability of the initial model. CONCLUSIONS Our results provide a structural basis for the development of novel drugs targeting the 5-HT7R/CDK5 interaction interface for the selective treatment of Tau-related disorders, including frontotemporal dementia and Alzheimer's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jana Ackmann
- Department of Cellular Neurophysiology, Institute for Neurophysiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Alina Brüge
- Department of Cellular Neurophysiology, Institute for Neurophysiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Lizaveta Gotina
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Sungsu Lim
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Kathrin Jahreis
- Department of Cellular Neurophysiology, Institute for Neurophysiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Anna-Lena Vollbrecht
- Department of Cellular Neurophysiology, Institute for Neurophysiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Yun Kyung Kim
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Ae Nim Pae
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Daejeon, Republic of Korea
| | - Josephine Labus
- Department of Cellular Neurophysiology, Institute for Neurophysiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany
| | - Evgeni Ponimaskin
- Department of Cellular Neurophysiology, Institute for Neurophysiology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
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Abstract
Clinical depression is a common, debilitating and heterogenous disorder. Existing treatments for depression are inadequate for a significant minority of patients and new approaches are urgently needed. A wealth of evidence implicates the serotonin 1A (5-HT1A) receptor in the pathophysiology of depression. Stimulation of the 5-HT1A receptor is an existing therapeutic target for treating depression and anxiety, using drugs such as buspirone and tandospirone. However, activation of 5-HT1A raphe autoreceptors has also been suggested to be responsible for the delay in the therapeutic action of conventional antidepressants such as selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). This narrative review provides a brief overview of the 5-HT1A receptor, the evidence implicating it in depression and in the effects of conventional antidepressant treatment. We highlight that pre- and post-synaptic 5-HT1A receptors may have divergent roles in the pathophysiology and treatment of depression. To date, developing this understanding to progress therapeutic discovery has been limited, partly due to a paucity of specific pharmacological probes suitable for use in humans. The development of 5-HT1A 'biased agonism', using compounds such as NLX-101, offers the opportunity to further elucidate the roles of pre- and post-synaptic 5-HT1A receptors. We describe how experimental medicine approaches can be helpful in profiling the effects of 5-HT1A receptor modulation on the different clinical domains of depression, and outline some potential neurocognitive models that could be used to test the effects of 5-HT1A biased agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander L W Smith
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7JX, UK
- Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Catherine J Harmer
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7JX, UK
- Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Philip J Cowen
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7JX, UK
- Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK
| | - Susannah E Murphy
- Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, OX3 7JX, UK.
- Oxford Health NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.
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Quintero-Villegas A, Valdés-Ferrer SI. Central nervous system effects of 5-HT 7 receptors: a potential target for neurodegenerative diseases. Mol Med 2022; 28:70. [PMID: 35725396 PMCID: PMC9208181 DOI: 10.1186/s10020-022-00497-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
5-HT7 receptors (5-HT7R) are the most recently identified among the family of serotonin receptors. Their role in health and disease, particularly as mediators of, and druggable targets for, neurodegenerative diseases, is incompletely understood. Unlike other serotonin receptors, for which abundant preclinical and clinical data evaluating their effect on neurodegenerative conditions exist, the available information on the role of the 5-HT7R receptor is limited. In this review, we describe the signaling pathways and cellular mechanisms implicated in the activation of the 5-HT7R; also, we analyze different mechanisms of neurodegeneration and the potential therapeutic implications of pharmacological interventions for 5-HT7R signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Quintero-Villegas
- Department of Neurology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico.,Department of Infectious Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sergio Iván Valdés-Ferrer
- Department of Neurology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico. .,Department of Infectious Diseases, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City, Mexico. .,Institute of Bioelectronic Medicine, Feinstein Institutes for Medical Research, Manhasset, NY, USA.
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Giniatullin R. 5-hydroxytryptamine in migraine: The puzzling role of ionotropic 5-HT 3 receptor in the context of established therapeutic effect of metabotropic 5-HT 1 subtypes. Br J Pharmacol 2021; 179:400-415. [PMID: 34643938 DOI: 10.1111/bph.15710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2021] [Revised: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT; serotonin) is traditionally considered as a key mediator implicated in migraine. Multiple 5-HT receptor subtypes contribute to a variety of region-specific functional effects. The raphé nuclei control nociceptive inputs by releasing 5-HT in the brainstem, whereas dural mast cells provide the humoral source of 5-HT in the meninges. Triptans (5-HT1B/D agonists) and ditans (5-HT1F agonists) are the best established 5-HT anti-migraine agents. However, activation of meningeal afferents via ionotropic 5-HT3 receptors results in long-lasting excitatory drive suggesting a pro-nociceptive role for these receptors in migraine. Nevertheless, clinical data do not clearly support the applicability of currently available 5-HT3 antagonists to migraine treatment. The reasons for this might be the presence of 5-HT3 receptors on inhibitory interneurons dampening the excitatory drive, a lack of 5-HT3 A-E subunit-selective antagonists and gender/age-dependent effects. This review is focusing on the controversial role of 5-HT3 receptors in migraine pathology and related pharmacological perspectives of 5-HT ligands.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashid Giniatullin
- A.I. Virtanen Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.,Laboratory of Neurobiology, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia
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Zhou S, Shen Y, Zang S, Yin X, Li P. The epigenetic role of HTR1A antagonist in facilitaing GnRH expression for pubertal initiation control. Mol Ther Nucleic Acids 2021; 25:198-206. [PMID: 34458005 PMCID: PMC8368778 DOI: 10.1016/j.omtn.2021.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine [5-HT]), a metabolite of tryptophan, acts on the components of the hypothalamus-hypophysis-gonad axis and induces puberty delay in mammals via 5-HT receptor 1A (HTR1A). However, the roles of HTR1A in the hypothalamus in pubertal regulation of gene expression are not fully understood. In the current study, the upregulated gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) expression in GT1-7 GnRH neuronal cells induced by the HTR1A antagonist WAY-100635 maleate was observed in vitro. Furthermore, RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) showed decreased expression of chromobox 4 (CBX4), a member of the polycomb-repressive complex 1 (PRC1), and the loss of RING2 and YY1 interaction with CBX4, suggesting the degradation of the PRC1 in GT1-7 cells treated with maleate. Chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing (ChIP-seq) showed that the genome-wide occupancy of CBX4 and histone H2A lysine-119 ubiquitination (H2AK119ub) was compromised, especially on the promoter of GnRH. Finally, we determined that inactivation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) contributed to CBX4 downregulation. Taken together, we concluded that HTR1A antagonists could enhance GnRH transcription via PRC1 degradation and H2AK119ub loss driven by reduced CBX4 expression through PI3K/Akt and MAPK/ERK pathway suppression in GT1-7 cells and provided a potential epigenetic mechanism of action of HTR1A on GnRH gene expression for mammalian puberty onset.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shasha Zhou
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200062, People's Republic of China
| | - Yihang Shen
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200062, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaolian Zang
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200062, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqin Yin
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200062, People's Republic of China
| | - Pin Li
- Department of Endocrinology, Shanghai Children's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200062, People's Republic of China
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Sałaciak K, Pytka K. Biased agonism in drug discovery: Is there a future for biased 5-HT 1A receptor agonists in the treatment of neuropsychiatric diseases? Pharmacol Ther 2021; 227:107872. [PMID: 33905796 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2021.107872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 04/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Serotonin (5-HT) is one of the fundamental neurotransmitters that contribute to the information essential for an organism's normal, physiological function. Serotonin acts centrally and systemically. The 5-HT1A receptor is the most widespread serotonin receptor, and participates in many brain-related disorders, including anxiety, depression, and cognitive impairments. The 5-HT1A receptor can activate several different biochemical pathways and signals through both G protein-dependent and G protein-independent pathways. Preclinical experiments indicate that distinct signaling pathways in specific brain regions may be crucial for antidepressant-like, anxiolytic-like, and procognitive responses. Therefore, the development of new ligands that selectively target a particular signaling pathway(s) could open new possibilities for more effective and safer pharmacotherapy. This review discusses the current state of preclinical studies focusing on the concept of functional selectivity (biased agonism) regarding the 5-HT1A receptor and its role in antidepressant-like, anxiolytic-like, and procognitive regulation. Such work highlights not only the differential effects of targeted autoreceptors, vs. heteroreceptors, but also the importance of targeting specific downstream intracellular signaling processes, thereby enhancing favorable over unfavorable signaling activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Sałaciak
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Karolina Pytka
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland.
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Lacivita E, Niso M, Mastromarino M, Garcia Silva A, Resch C, Zeug A, Loza MI, Castro M, Ponimaskin E, Leopoldo M. Knowledge-Based Design of Long-Chain Arylpiperazine Derivatives Targeting Multiple Serotonin Receptors as Potential Candidates for Treatment of Autism Spectrum Disorder. ACS Chem Neurosci 2021; 12:1313-1327. [PMID: 33792287 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) includes a group of neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by core symptoms such as impaired social interaction and communication, repetitive and stereotyped behaviors, and restricted interests. To date, there are no effective treatments for these core symptoms. Several studies have shown that the brain serotonin (5-HT) neurotransmission system is altered in both ASD patients and animal models of the disease. Multiple pieces of evidence suggest that targeting 5-HT receptors may treat the core symptoms of ASD and associated intellectual disabilities. In fact, stimulation of the 5-HT1A receptor reduces repetitive and restricted behaviors; blockade of the 5-HT2A receptor reduces both learning deficits and repetitive behavior, and activation of the 5-HT7 receptor improves cognitive performances and reduces repetitive behavior. On such a basis, we have designed novel arylpiperazine derivatives pursuing unprecedently reported activity profiles: dual 5-HT7/5-HT1A receptor agonist properties and mixed 5-HT7 agonist/5-HT1A agonist/5-HT2A antagonist properties. Seventeen new compounds were synthesized and tested in radioligand binding assay at the target receptors. We have identified the dual 5-HT1AR/5-HT7R agonists 8c and 29 and the mixed 5-HT1AR agonist/5-HT7R agonist/5-HT2AR antagonist 20b. These compounds are metabolically stable in vitro and have suitable central nervous system druglike properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enza Lacivita
- Dipartimento di Farmacia−Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Mauro Niso
- Dipartimento di Farmacia−Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Margherita Mastromarino
- Dipartimento di Farmacia−Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Andrea Garcia Silva
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS). Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Avda. de Barcelona, s/n, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Cibell Resch
- Cellular Neurophysiology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Andre Zeug
- Cellular Neurophysiology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - María I. Loza
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS). Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Avda. de Barcelona, s/n, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Marián Castro
- Center for Research in Molecular Medicine and Chronic Diseases (CIMUS). Universidade de Santiago de Compostela. Avda. de Barcelona, s/n, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Evgeni Ponimaskin
- Cellular Neurophysiology, Hannover Medical School, 30625 Hannover, Germany
| | - Marcello Leopoldo
- Dipartimento di Farmacia−Scienze del Farmaco, Università degli Studi di Bari Aldo Moro, via Orabona, 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
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Olusakin J, Moutkine I, Dumas S, Ponimaskin E, Paizanis E, Soiza-Reilly M, Gaspar P. Implication of 5-HT7 receptor in prefrontal circuit assembly and detrimental emotional effects of SSRIs during development. Neuropsychopharmacology 2020; 45:2267-77. [PMID: 32688364 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-020-0775-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Altered development of prefrontal cortex (PFC) circuits can have long-term consequences on adult emotional behavior. Changes in serotonin homeostasis during critical periods produced by genetic or pharmacological inactivation of the serotonin transporter (SERT, or Slc6a4), have been involved in such developmental effects. In mice, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), administered during postnatal development cause exuberant synaptic connectivity of the PFC to brainstem dorsal raphe nucleus (DRN) circuits, and increase adult risk for developing anxiety and depressive symptoms. SERT is transiently expressed in the glutamate neurons of the mouse PFC, that project to the DRN. Here, we find that 5-HTR7 is transiently co-expressed with SERT by PFC neurons, and it plays a key role in the maturation of PFC-to-DRN synaptic circuits during early postnatal life. 5-HTR7-KO mice show reduced PFC-to-DRN synaptic density (as measured by array-tomography and VGLUT1/synapsin immunocytochemistry). Conversely, 5-HTR7 over-expression in the developing PFC increased PFC-to-DRN synaptic density. Long-term consequences on depressive-like and anxiogenic behaviors were observed in adults. 5-HTR7 over-expression in the developing PFC, results in depressive-like symptoms in adulthood. Importantly, the long-term depressive-like and anxiogenic effects of SSRIs (postnatal administration of fluoxetine from P2 to P14) were not observed in 5-HTR7-KO mice, and were prevented by co-administration of the selective inhibitor of 5-HTR7, SB269970. This study identifies a new role 5-HTR7 in the postnatal maturation of prefrontal descending circuits. Furthermore, it shows that 5-HTR7 in the PFC is crucially required for the detrimental emotional effects caused by SSRI exposure during early postnatal life.
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Chung JY, Jeong JH, Song J. Resveratrol Modulates the Gut-Brain Axis: Focus on Glucagon-Like Peptide-1, 5-HT, and Gut Microbiota. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:588044. [PMID: 33328965 PMCID: PMC7732484 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.588044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol is a natural polyphenol that has anti-aging and anti-inflammatory properties against stress condition. It is reported that resveratrol has beneficial functions in various metabolic and central nervous system (CNS) diseases, such as obesity, diabetes, depression, and dementia. Recently, many researchers have emphasized the connection between the brain and gut, called the gut-brain axis, for treating both CNS neuropathologies and gastrointestinal diseases. Based on previous findings, resveratrol is involved in glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) secreted by intestine L cells, the patterns of microbiome in the intestine, the 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) level, and CNS inflammation. Here, we review recent evidences concerning the relevance and regulatory function of resveratrol in the gut-brain axis from various perspectives. Here, we highlight the necessity for further study on resveratrol's specific mechanism in the gut-brain axis. We present the potential of resveratrol as a natural therapeutic substance for treating both neuropathology and gastrointestinal dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ji Yeon Chung
- Department of Neurology, Chosun University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Jae-Ho Jeong
- Department of Microbiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
| | - Juhyun Song
- Department of Anatomy, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, South Korea
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Kleinau G, Heyder NA, Tao YX, Scheerer P. Structural Complexity and Plasticity of Signaling Regulation at the Melanocortin-4 Receptor. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5728. [PMID: 32785054 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21165728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2020] [Revised: 08/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) is a class A G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR), essential for regulation of appetite and metabolism. Pathogenic inactivating MC4R mutations are the most frequent cause of monogenic obesity, a growing medical and socioeconomic problem worldwide. The MC4R mediates either ligand-independent or ligand-dependent signaling. Agonists such as α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) induce anorexigenic effects, in contrast to the endogenous inverse agonist agouti-related peptide (AgRP), which causes orexigenic effects by suppressing high basal signaling activity. Agonist action triggers the binding of different subtypes of G proteins and arrestins, leading to concomitant induction of diverse intracellular signaling cascades. An increasing number of experimental studies have unraveled molecular properties and mechanisms of MC4R signal transduction related to physiological and pathophysiological aspects. In addition, the MC4R crystal structure was recently determined at 2.75 Å resolution in an inactive state bound with a peptide antagonist. Underpinned by structural homology models of MC4R complexes simulating a presumably active-state conformation compared to the structure of the inactive state, we here briefly summarize the current understanding and key players involved in the MC4R switching process between different activity states. Finally, these perspectives highlight the complexity and plasticity in MC4R signaling regulation and identify gaps in our current knowledge.
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Crispino M, Volpicelli F, Perrone-Capano C. Role of the Serotonin Receptor 7 in Brain Plasticity: From Development to Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E505. [PMID: 31941109 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 01/08/2020] [Accepted: 01/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Our knowledge on the plastic functions of the serotonin (5-HT) receptor subtype 7 (5-HT7R) in the brain physiology and pathology have advanced considerably in recent years. A wealth of data show that 5-HT7R is a key player in the establishment and remodeling of neuronal cytoarchitecture during development and in the mature brain, and its dysfunction is linked to neuropsychiatric and neurodevelopmental diseases. The involvement of this receptor in synaptic plasticity is further demonstrated by data showing that its activation allows the rescue of long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) deficits in various animal models of neurodevelopmental diseases. In addition, it is becoming clear that the 5-HT7R is involved in inflammatory intestinal diseases, modulates the function of immune cells, and is likely to play a role in the gut-brain axis. In this review, we will mainly focus on recent findings on this receptor’s role in the structural and synaptic plasticity of the mammalian brain, although we will also illustrate novel aspects highlighted in gastrointestinal (GI) tract and immune system.
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Bourque K, Jones-tabah J, Devost D, Clarke PB, Hébert TE. Exploring functional consequences of GPCR oligomerization requires a different lens. Oligomerization in Health and Disease: From Enzymes to G Protein-Coupled Receptors. Elsevier; 2020. pp. 181-211. [DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2019.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Zhang G, Xu S, Yuan Z, Shen L. Weighted Gene Coexpression Network Analysis Identifies Specific Modules and Hub Genes Related to Major Depression. Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat 2020; 16:703-713. [PMID: 32214815 PMCID: PMC7079285 DOI: 10.2147/ndt.s244452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Despite advances in characterizing the neurobiology of emotional disorders, there is still a significant lack of scientific understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms governing major depressive disorder (MDD). This study attempted to elucidate the molecular circuitry of MDD and to identify more potential genes associated with the pathogenesis of the disease. PATIENTS AND METHODS Microarray data from the GSE98793 dataset were downloaded from the NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database, including 128 patients with MDD and 64 healthy controls. Weighted gene coexpression network analysis (WGCNA) was performed to find modules of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) with high correlations followed by Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses to obtain further biological insight into the top three key modules. The protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, the modules from the PPI network, and the gene annotation enrichment of modules were analyzed, as well. RESULTS We filtered 3276 genes that were considered significant DEGs for further WGCNA analysis. By performing WGCNA, we found that the turquoise, blue and brown functional modules were all strongly correlated with MDD development, including immune response, neutrophil degranulation, ribosome biogenesis, T cell activation, glycosaminoglycan biosynthetic process, and protein serine/threonine kinase activator activity. Hub genes were identified in the key functional modules that might have a role in the progression of MDD. Functional annotation showed that these modules primarily enriched such KEGG pathways as the TNF signaling pathway, T cell receptor signaling pathway, primary immunodeficiency, Th1, Th2 and Th17 cell differentiation, autophagy and RNA degradation and oxidative phosphorylation. These results suggest that these genes are closely related to autophagy and cellular immune function. CONCLUSION The results of this study may help to elucidate the pathophysiology of MDD development at the molecular level and explore the potential molecular mechanisms for new interventional strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangyin Zhang
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Shixin Xu
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Traditional Research of TCM Prescription and Syndrome; Medical Experiment Center, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhuo Yuan
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
| | - Li Shen
- Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, People's Republic of China
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