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Degitz C, Reime S, Baumbach CM, Rauschner M, Thews O. Modulation of mitochondrial function by extracellular acidosis in tumor cells and normal fibroblasts: Role of signaling pathways. Neoplasia 2024; 52:100999. [PMID: 38631214 PMCID: PMC11036092 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2024.100999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
In many tumors pronounced extracellular acidosis resulting from glycolytic metabolism is found. Since several environmental stress factors affect the mitochondrial activity the aim of the study was to analyze the impact of acidosis on cellular oxygen consumption and which signaling pathways may be involved in the regulation. In two tumor cell lines and normal fibroblasts cellular oxygen consumption rate (OCR) and mitochondrial function were measured after 3 h at pH 6.6. Besides the activation of ERK1/2, p38 and PI3K signaling in the cytosolic and mitochondrial compartment, the mitochondrial structure and proteins related to mitochondria fission were analyzed. The acidic extracellular environment increased OCR in tumor cells but not in fibroblasts. In parallel, the mitochondrial membrane potential increased at low pH. In both tumor lines (but not in fibroblasts), the phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and PI3K/Akt was significantly increased, and both cascades were involved in OCR modulation. The activation of signaling pathways was located predominantly in the mitochondrial compartment of the cells. At low pH, the mitochondrial structure in tumor cells showed structural changes related to elongation whereas mitochondria fragmentation was reduced indicating mitochondria fusion. However, these morphological changes were not related to ERK1/2 or PI3K signaling. Acidic stress seems to induce an increased oxygen consumption, which might further aggravate tumor hypoxia. Low pH also induces mitochondria fusion that is not mediated by ERK1/2 or PI3K signaling. The mechanism by which these signaling cascades modulate the respiratory activity of tumor cells needs further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Degitz
- Julius Bernstein Institute of Physiology, University of Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 6 (Saale), Halle, 06112, Germany
| | - Sarah Reime
- Julius Bernstein Institute of Physiology, University of Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 6 (Saale), Halle, 06112, Germany
| | - Christina-Marie Baumbach
- Julius Bernstein Institute of Physiology, University of Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 6 (Saale), Halle, 06112, Germany
| | - Mandy Rauschner
- Julius Bernstein Institute of Physiology, University of Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 6 (Saale), Halle, 06112, Germany
| | - Oliver Thews
- Julius Bernstein Institute of Physiology, University of Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 6 (Saale), Halle, 06112, Germany.
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Johnson KK, Koshy P, Kopecky C, Devadason M, Biazik J, Zheng X, Jiang Y, Wang X, Liu Y, Holst J, Yang JL, Kilian KA, Sorrell CC. ROS-mediated anticancer effects of EGFR-targeted nanoceria. J Biomed Mater Res A 2024; 112:754-769. [PMID: 38084898 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.37656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
The therapeutic effectiveness of anticancer drugs, including nanomedicines, can be enhanced with active receptor-targeting strategies. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is an important cancer biomarker, constitutively expressed in sarcoma patients of different histological types. The present work reports materials and in vitro biomedical analyses of silanized (passive delivery) and/or EGF-functionalized (active delivery) ceria nanorods exhibiting highly defective catalytically active surfaces. The EGFR-targeting efficiency of nanoceria was confirmed by receptor-binding studies. Increased cytotoxicity and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were observed for EGF-functionalized nanoceria owing to enhanced cellular uptake by HT-1080 fibrosarcoma cells. The uptake was confirmed by TEM and confocal microscopy. Silanized nanoceria demonstrated negligible/minimal cytotoxicity toward healthy MRC-5 cells at 24 and 48 h, whereas this was significant at 72 h owing to a nanoceria accumulation effect. In contrast, considerable cytotoxicity toward the cancer cells was exhibited at all three times points. The ROS generation and associated cytotoxicity were moderated by the equilibrium between catalysis by ceria, generation of cell debris, and blockage of active sites. EGFR-targeting is shown to enhance the uptake levels of nanoceria by cancer cells, subsequently enhancing the overall anticancer activity and therapeutic performance of ceria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kochurani K Johnson
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Science, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Blood Cells and Blood Cancer Division, The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Pramod Koshy
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Science, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Chantal Kopecky
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Michelle Devadason
- Translational Cancer Metabolism Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences and Prince of Wales Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Joanna Biazik
- Electron Microscope Unit, Mark Wainwright Analytical Centre, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Xiaoran Zheng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Science, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yue Jiang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Science, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Xiaochun Wang
- Prince of Wales Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Yiling Liu
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jeff Holst
- Translational Cancer Metabolism Laboratory, School of Medical Sciences and Prince of Wales Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jia-Lin Yang
- Prince of Wales Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kristopher A Kilian
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Science, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Australian Centre for NanoMedicine, School of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Charles C Sorrell
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Faculty of Science, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Stock C. pH-regulated single cell migration. Pflugers Arch 2024; 476:639-658. [PMID: 38214759 PMCID: PMC11006768 DOI: 10.1007/s00424-024-02907-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Revised: 12/21/2023] [Accepted: 01/02/2024] [Indexed: 01/13/2024]
Abstract
Over the last two decades, extra- and intracellular pH have emerged as fundamental regulators of cell motility. Fundamental physiological and pathological processes relying on appropriate cell migration, such as embryonic development, wound healing, and a proper immune defense on the one hand, and autoimmune diseases, metastatic cancer, and the progression of certain parasitic diseases on the other, depend on surrounding pH. In addition, migrating single cells create their own localized pH nanodomains at their surface and in the cytosol. By this means, the migrating cells locally modulate their adhesion to, and the re-arrangement and digestion of, the extracellular matrix. At the same time, the cytosolic nanodomains tune cytoskeletal dynamics along the direction of movement resulting in concerted lamellipodia protrusion and rear end retraction. Extracellular pH gradients as found in wounds, inflamed tissues, or the periphery of tumors stimulate directed cell migration, and long-term exposure to acidic conditions can engender a more migratory and invasive phenotype persisting for hours up to several generations of cells after they have left the acidic milieu. In the present review, the different variants of pH-dependent single cell migration are described. The underlying pH-dependent molecular mechanisms such as conformational changes of adhesion molecules, matrix protease activity, actin (de-)polymerization, and signaling events are explained, and molecular pH sensors stimulated by H+ signaling are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Stock
- Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, Infectiology & Endocrinology, Hannover Medical School, Carl-Neuberg-Str. 1, 30625, Hannover, Germany.
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Schulz MC, Kopf M, Gekle M. Crosstalk with renal proximal tubule cells drives acidosis-induced inflammatory response and dedifferentiation of fibroblasts via p38-singaling. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:148. [PMID: 38395872 PMCID: PMC10893741 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01527-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tubulointerstitial kidney disease associated microenvironmental dysregulation, like acidification, inflammation and fibrosis, affects tubule cells and fibroblasts. Micromilieu homeostasis influences intracellular signaling and intercellular crosstalk. Cell-cell communication in turn modulates the interstitial microenvironment. We assessed the impact of acidosis on inflammatory and fibrotic responses in proximal tubule cells and fibroblasts as a function of cellular crosstalk. Furthermore, cellular signaling pathways involved were identified. METHODS HK-2 (human proximal tubule) and CCD-1092Sk (human fibroblasts), in mono and coculture, were exposed to acidic or control media for 3 or 48 h. Protein expression of inflammation markers (TNF, TGF-ß and COX-2), dedifferentiation markers (N-cadherin, vinculin, ß-catenin and vimentin), fibrosis markers (collagen III and fibronectin) and phospho- as well as total MAPK levels were determined by western blot. Secreted collagen III and fibronectin were measured by ELISA. The impact of MAPK activation was assessed by pharmacological intervention. In addition, necrosis, apoptosis and epithelial permeability were determined. RESULTS Independent of culture conditions, acidosis caused a decrease of COX-2, vimentin and fibronectin expression in proximal tubule cells. Only in monoculture, ß-Catenin expression decreased and collagen III expression increased in tubule cells during acidosis. By contrast, in coculture collagen III protein expression of tubule cells was reduced. In fibroblasts acidosis led to an increase of TNF, COX-2, vimentin, vinculin, N-cadherin protein expression and a decrease of TGF-ß expression exclusively in coculture. In monoculture, expression of COX-2 and fibronectin was reduced. Collagen III expression of fibroblasts was reduced by acidosis independent of culture conditions. In coculture, acidosis enhanced phosphorylation of ERK1/2, JNK1/2 and p38 transiently in proximal tubule cells. In fibroblasts, acidosis enhanced phosphorylation of p38 in a sustained and very strong manner. ERK1/2 and JNK1/2 were not affected in fibroblasts. Inhibition of JNK1/2 and p38 under coculture conditions reduced acidosis-induced changes in fibroblasts significantly. CONCLUSIONS Our data show that the crosstalk between proximal tubule cells and fibroblasts is crucial for acidosis-induced dedifferentiation of fibroblasts into an inflammatory phenotype. This dedifferentiation is at least in part mediated by p38 and JNK1/2. Thus, cell-cell communication is essential for the pathophysiological impact of tubulointerstitial acidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marie-Christin Schulz
- Julius Bernstein Institute of Physiology, Magdeburger Straße 6, 06112, Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - Michael Kopf
- Julius Bernstein Institute of Physiology, Magdeburger Straße 6, 06112, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Michael Gekle
- Julius Bernstein Institute of Physiology, Magdeburger Straße 6, 06112, Halle (Saale), Germany
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Carlos-Reyes A, Romero-Garcia S, Prado-Garcia H. Metabolic Responses of Lung Adenocarcinoma Cells to Survive under Stressful Conditions Associated with Tumor Microenvironment. Metabolites 2024; 14:103. [PMID: 38392995 PMCID: PMC10890307 DOI: 10.3390/metabo14020103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Solid tumors frequently present a heterogeneous tumor microenvironment. Because tumors have the potential to proliferate quickly, the consequence is a reduction in the nutrients, a reduction in the pH (<6.8), and a hypoxic environment. Although it is often assumed that tumor clones show a similar growth rate with little variations in nutrient consumption, the present study shows how growth-specific rate (µ), the specific rates of glucose, lactate, and glutamine consumption (qS), and the specific rates of lactate and glutamate production (qP) of 2D-cultured lung tumor cells are affected by changes in their environment. We determined in lung tumor cells (A427, A549, Calu-1, and SKMES-1) the above mentioned kinetic parameters during the exponential phase under different culture conditions, varying the predominant carbon source, pH, and oxygen tension. MCF-7 cells, a breast tumor cell line that can consume lactate, and non-transformed fibroblast cells (MRC-5) were included as controls. We also analyzed how cell-cycle progression and the amino acid transporter CD98 expression were affected. Our results show that: (1) In glucose presence, μ increased, but qS Glucose and qP Lactate decreased when tumor cells were cultured under acidosis as opposed to neutral conditions; (2) most lung cancer cell lines consumed lactate under normoxia or hypoxia; (3) although qS Glutamine diminished under hypoxia or acidosis, it slightly increased in lactate presence, a finding that was associated with CD98 upregulation; and (4) under acidosis, G0/G1 arrest was induced in A427 cancer cells, although this phenomenon was significantly increased when glucose was changed by lactate as the predominant carbon-source. Hence, our results provide an understanding of metabolic responses that tumor cells develop to survive under stressful conditions, providing clues for developing promising opportunities to improve traditional cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angeles Carlos-Reyes
- Laboratorio de Onco-Inmunobiologia, Departamento de Enfermedades Crónico-Degenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Susana Romero-Garcia
- Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Heriberto Prado-Garcia
- Laboratorio de Onco-Inmunobiologia, Departamento de Enfermedades Crónico-Degenerativas, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias Ismael Cosio Villegas, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
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Rajagopalan NR, Munawar T, Sheehan MC, Fujimori M, Vista WR, Wimmer T, Gutta NB, Solomon SB, Srimathveeravalli G. Electrolysis products, reactive oxygen species and ATP loss contribute to cell death following irreversible electroporation with microsecond-long pulsed electric fields. Bioelectrochemistry 2024; 155:108579. [PMID: 37769509 PMCID: PMC10841515 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2023.108579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/21/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Membrane permeabilization and thermal injury are the major cause of cell death during irreversible electroporation (IRE) performed using high electric field strength (EFS) and small number of pulses. In this study, we explored cell death under conditions of reduced EFS and prolonged pulse application, identifying the contributions of electrolysis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) and ATP loss. We performed ablations with conventional high-voltage low pulse (HV-LP) and low-voltage high pulse (LV-HP) conditions in a 3D tumor mimic, finding equivalent ablation volumes when using 2000 V/cm 90 pulses or 1000 V/cm 900 pulses respectively. These results were confirmed by performing ablations in swine liver. In LV-HP treatment, ablation volume was found to increase proportionally with pulse numbers, without the substantial temperature increase seen with HV-LP parameters. Peri-electrode pH changes, ATP loss and ROS production were seen in both conditions, but LV-HP treatments were more sensitive to blocking of these forms of cell injury. Increases in current drawn during HV-LP was not observed during LV-HP condition where the total ablation volume correlated to the charge delivered into the tissue which was greater than HV-LP treatment. LV-HP treatment provides a new paradigm in using pulsed electric fields for tissue ablation with clinically relevant volumes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Tarek Munawar
- Department of Radiology, Interventional Radiology Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, NY, USA
| | - Mary Chase Sheehan
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA
| | | | - William-Ray Vista
- Department of Radiology, Interventional Radiology Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, NY, USA
| | - Thomas Wimmer
- Dept. of Radiology, Division of General Radiology, Medical University of Graz, Austria
| | | | - Stephen B Solomon
- Department of Radiology, Interventional Radiology Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, NY, USA
| | - Govindarajan Srimathveeravalli
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA; Institute for Applied Life Sciences, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, MA, USA.
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Kudsi SQ, Viero FT, Pereira LG, Trevisan G. Involvement of the Transient Receptor Channels in Preclinical Models of Musculoskeletal Pain. Curr Neuropharmacol 2024; 22:72-87. [PMID: 37694792 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x21666230908094159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Musculoskeletal pain is a condition that affects bones, muscles, and tendons and is present in various diseases and/or clinical conditions. This type of pain represents a growing problem with enormous socioeconomic impacts, highlighting the importance of developing treatments tailored to the patient's needs. TRP is a large family of non-selective cation channels involved in pain perception. Vanilloid (TRPV1 and TRPV4), ankyrin (TRPA1), and melastatin (TRPM8) are involved in physiological functions, including nociception, mediation of neuropeptide release, heat/cold sensing, and mechanical sensation. OBJECTIVE In this context, we provide an updated view of the most studied preclinical models of muscle hyperalgesia and the role of transient receptor potential (TRP) in these models. METHODS This review describes preclinical models of muscle hyperalgesia induced by intramuscular administration of algogenic substances and/or induction of muscle damage by physical exercise in the masseter, gastrocnemius, and tibial muscles. RESULTS The participation of TRPV1, TRPA1, and TRPV4 in different models of musculoskeletal pain was evaluated using pharmacological and genetic tools. All the studies detected the antinociceptive effect of respective antagonists or reduced nociception in knockout mice. CONCLUSION Hence, TRPV1, TRPV4, and TRPA1 blockers could potentially be utilized in the future for inducing analgesia in muscle hypersensitivity pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Qader Kudsi
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Avenida Roraima, 97105-900 Santa Maria (RS), Brazil
| | - Fernanda Tibolla Viero
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Avenida Roraima, 97105-900 Santa Maria (RS), Brazil
| | - Leonardo Gomes Pereira
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Avenida Roraima, 97105-900 Santa Maria (RS), Brazil
| | - Gabriela Trevisan
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Farmacologia, Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Avenida Roraima, 97105-900 Santa Maria (RS), Brazil
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Kudsi SQ, de David Antoniazzi CT, Camponogara C, Meira GM, de Amorim Ferreira M, da Silva AM, Dalenogare DP, Zaccaron R, Dos Santos Stein C, Silveira PCL, Moresco RN, Oliveira SM, Ferreira J, Trevisan G. Topical application of a TRPA1 antagonist reduced nociception and inflammation in a model of traumatic muscle injury in rats. Inflammopharmacology 2023; 31:3153-3166. [PMID: 37752305 DOI: 10.1007/s10787-023-01337-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Musculoskeletal pain is a widely experienced public healthcare issue, especially after traumatic muscle injury. Besides, it is a common cause of disability, but this pain remains poorly managed. However, the pathophysiology of traumatic muscle injury-associated pain and inflammation has not been fully elucidated. In this regard, the transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) has been studied in inflammatory and painful conditions. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effect of the topical application of a TRPA1 antagonist in a model of traumatic muscle injury in rats. The mechanical trauma model was developed by a single blunt trauma impact on the right gastrocnemius muscle of Wistar male rats (250-350 g). The animals were divided into four groups (Sham/Vehicle; Sham/HC-030031 0.05%; Injury/Vehicle, and Injury/HC-030031 0.05%) and topically treated with a Lanette® N cream base containing a TRPA1 antagonist (HC-030031, 0.05%; 200 mg/muscle) or vehicle (Lanette® N cream base; 200 mg/muscle), which was applied at 2, 6, 12, 24, and 46 h after muscle injury. Furthermore, we evaluated the contribution of the TRPA1 channel on nociceptive, inflammatory, and oxidative parameters. The topical application of TRPA1 antagonist reduced biomarkers of muscle injury (lactate/glucose ratio), spontaneous nociception (rat grimace scale), inflammatory (inflammatory cell infiltration, cytokine levels, myeloperoxidase, and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase activities) and oxidative (nitrite levels and dichlorofluorescein fluorescence) parameters, and mRNA Trpa1 levels in the muscle tissue. Thus, these results demonstrate that TRPA1 may be a promising anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive target in treating muscle pain after traumatic muscle injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrina Qader Kudsi
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Avenida Roraima, 1000, Building 21, Room 5207, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Caren Tatiane de David Antoniazzi
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Avenida Roraima, 1000, Building 21, Room 5207, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Camila Camponogara
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Graziela Moro Meira
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Avenida Roraima, 1000, Building 21, Room 5207, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Marcella de Amorim Ferreira
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, 88037-000, Brazil
| | - Ana Merian da Silva
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, 88037-000, Brazil
| | - Diéssica Padilha Dalenogare
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Avenida Roraima, 1000, Building 21, Room 5207, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Rubya Zaccaron
- Graduate Program in Health Science, University of the Extreme South of Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Carolina Dos Santos Stein
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Paulo Cesar Lock Silveira
- Graduate Program in Health Science, University of the Extreme South of Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma, SC, 88806-000, Brazil
| | - Rafael Noal Moresco
- Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Sara Marchesan Oliveira
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences: Toxicological Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Juliano Ferreira
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis, SC, 88037-000, Brazil
| | - Gabriela Trevisan
- Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Santa Maria (UFSM), Avenida Roraima, 1000, Building 21, Room 5207, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
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Riemann A, Rauschner M, Reime S, Thews O. The Role of microRNAs in Gene Expression and Signaling Response of Tumor Cells to an Acidic Environment. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16919. [PMID: 38069241 PMCID: PMC10707721 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Many tumors are characterized by marked extracellular acidosis due to increased glycolytic metabolism, which affects gene expression and thereby tumor biological behavior. At the same time, acidosis leads to altered expression of several microRNAs (Mir7, Mir183, Mir203, Mir215). The aim of this study was to analyze whether the acidosis-induced changes in cytokines and tumor-related genes are mediated via pH-sensitive microRNAs. Therefore, the expression of Il6, Nos2, Ccl2, Spp1, Tnf, Acat2, Aox1, Crem, Gls2, Per3, Pink1, Txnip, and Ypel3 was examined in acidosis upon simultaneous transfection with microRNA mimics or antagomirs in two tumor lines in vitro and in vivo. In addition, it was investigated whether microRNA expression in acidosis is affected via known pH-sensitive signaling pathways (MAPK, PKC, PI3K), via ROS, or via altered intracellular Ca2+ concentration. pH-dependent microRNAs were shown to play only a minor role in modulating gene expression. Individual genes (e.g., Ccl2, Txnip, Ypel3) appear to be affected by Mir183, Mir203, or Mir215 in acidosis, but these effects are cell line-specific. When examining whether acid-dependent signaling affects microRNA expression, it was found that Mir203 was modulated by MAPK and ROS, Mir7 was affected by PKC, and Mir215 was dependent on the intracellular Ca2+ concentration. Mir183 could be increased by ROS scavenging. These correlations could possibly result in new therapeutic approaches for acidotic tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Oliver Thews
- Julius Bernstein Institute of Physiology, University of Halle-Wittenberg, 06108 Halle, Germany
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Dubourg V, Schulz MC, Terpe P, Ruhs S, Kopf M, Gekle M. Hypothesis-generating analysis of the impact of non-damaging metabolic acidosis on the transcriptome of different cell types: Integrated stress response (ISR) modulation as general transcriptomic reaction to non-respiratory acidic stress? PLoS One 2023; 18:e0290373. [PMID: 37624790 PMCID: PMC10456223 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0290373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Extracellular pH is an important parameter influencing cell function and fate. Microenvironmental acidosis accompanies different pathological situations, including inflammation, hypoxia and ischemia. Research focussed mainly on acidification of the tumour micromilieu and the possible consequences on proliferation, migration and drug resistance. Much less is known regarding the impact of microenvironmental acidosis on the transcriptome of non-tumour cells, which are exposed to local acidosis during inflammation, hypoxia, ischemia or metabolic derailment. In the present hypothesis-generating study, we investigated the transcriptional impact of extracellular acidosis on five non-tumour cell types of human and rat origin, combining RNA-Sequencing and extensive bioinformatics analyses. For this purpose, cell type-dependent acidosis resiliences and acidosis-induced transcriptional changes within these resilience ranges were determined, using 56 biological samples. The RNA-Sequencing results were used for dual differential-expression analysis (DESeq and edgeR) and, after appropriate homology mapping, Gene Ontology enrichment analysis (g:Profiler), Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA®), as well as functional enrichment analysis for predicted upstream regulators, were performed. Extracellular acidosis led to substantial, yet different, quantitative transcriptional alterations in all five cell types. Our results identify the regulator of the transcriptional activity NCOA5 as the only general acidosis-responsive gene. Although we observed a species- and cell type-dominated response regarding gene expression regulation, Gene Ontology enrichment analysis and upstream regulator analysis predicted a general acidosis response pattern. Indeed, they suggested the regulation of four general acidosis-responsive cellular networks, which comprised the integrated stress response (ISR), TGF-β signalling, NFE2L2 and TP53. Future studies will have to extend the results of our bioinformatics analyses to cell biological and cell physiological validation experiments, in order to test the refined working hypothesis here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Dubourg
- Julius-Bernstein-Institute of Physiology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Marie-Christin Schulz
- Julius-Bernstein-Institute of Physiology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Philipp Terpe
- Julius-Bernstein-Institute of Physiology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Stefanie Ruhs
- Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivmedizin, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Michael Kopf
- Julius-Bernstein-Institute of Physiology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - Michael Gekle
- Julius-Bernstein-Institute of Physiology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
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11
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Pujals M, Mayans C, Bellio C, Méndez O, Greco E, Fasani R, Alemany-Chavarria M, Zamora E, Padilla L, Mitjans F, Nuciforo P, Canals F, Nonell L, Abad M, Saura C, Tabernero J, Villanueva J. RAGE/SNAIL1 signaling drives epithelial-mesenchymal plasticity in metastatic triple-negative breast cancer. Oncogene 2023; 42:2610-2628. [PMID: 37468678 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-023-02778-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 07/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Epithelial/Mesenchymal (E/M) plasticity plays a fundamental role both in embryogenesis and during tumorigenesis. The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a driver of cell plasticity in fibrotic diseases; however, its role and molecular mechanism in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains unclear. Here, we demonstrate that RAGE signaling maintains the mesenchymal phenotype of aggressive TNBC cells by enforcing the expression of SNAIL1. Besides, we uncover a crosstalk mechanism between the TGF-β and RAGE pathways that is required for the acquisition of mesenchymal traits in TNBC cells. Consistently, RAGE inhibition elicits epithelial features that block migration and invasion capacities. Next, since RAGE is a sensor of the tumor microenvironment, we modeled acute acidosis in TNBC cells and showed it promotes enhanced production of RAGE ligands and the activation of RAGE-dependent invasive properties. Furthermore, acute acidosis increases SNAIL1 levels and tumor cell invasion in a RAGE-dependent manner. Finally, we demonstrate that in vivo inhibition of RAGE reduces metastasis incidence and expands survival, consistent with molecular effects that support the relevance of RAGE signaling in E/M plasticity. These results uncover new molecular insights on the regulation of E/M phenotypes in cancer metastasis and provide rationale for pharmacological intervention of this signaling axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mireia Pujals
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Carla Mayans
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Chiara Bellio
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Olga Méndez
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Emanuela Greco
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Roberta Fasani
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercè Alemany-Chavarria
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Esther Zamora
- Medical Oncology Service, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Laura Padilla
- LEITAT Technological Center, 08028, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - Paolo Nuciforo
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Francesc Canals
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Lara Nonell
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
| | - María Abad
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
- Altos Labs Cambridge Institute of Science, Cambridge, UK
| | - Cristina Saura
- Medical Oncology Service, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
- Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193, Bellaterra, Spain
| | - Josep Tabernero
- Medical Oncology Service, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain
- IOB Institute of Oncology, Quiron Group (Quiron-IOB), Barcelona, Spain
- University of Vic-Central University of Catalonia (UVic-UCC), Barcelona, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Josep Villanueva
- Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology (VHIO), Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain.
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Cáncer (CIBERONC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
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12
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Dumanska H, Telka M, Veselovsky N. Inhibition of high-voltage-activated calcium currents by acute hypoxia in cultured retinal ganglion cells. Front Cell Neurosci 2023; 17:1202083. [PMID: 37465211 PMCID: PMC10351036 DOI: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1202083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Hypoxia is a common factor of numerous ocular diseases that lead to dysfunctions and loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) with subsequent vision loss. High-voltage-activated calcium channels are the main source of calcium entry into neurons. Their activity plays a central role in different signaling processes in health and diseases, such as enzyme activation, gene transcription, synaptic transmission, or the onset of cell death. This study aims to establish and evaluate the initial effect of the early stage of acute hypoxia on somatic HVA calcium currents in cultured RGCs. HVA calcium currents were recorded in RGCs using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique in the voltage-clamp mode. The fast local superfusion was used for a brief (up to 270 s) application of the hypoxic solution (pO2 < 5 mmHg). The switch from normoxic to hypoxic solutions and vice versa was less than 1 s. The HVA calcium channel activity was inhibited by acute hypoxia in 79% of RGCs (30 of 38 RGCs) in a strong voltage-dependent manner. The level of inhibition was independent of the duration of hypoxia or repeated applications. The hypoxia-induced inhibition of calcium currents had a strong correlation with the duration of hypoxia and showed the transition from reversible to irreversible at 75 s of hypoxia and longer. The results obtained are the first demonstration of the phenomena of HVA calcium current inhibition by acute hypoxia in RGCs and provide a conceptual framework for further research.
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13
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Ventura AE, Pokorna S, Huhn N, Santos TCB, Prieto M, Futerman AH, Silva LC. Cell lipid droplet heterogeneity and altered biophysical properties induced by cell stress and metabolic imbalance. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2023:159347. [PMID: 37271251 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2023.159347] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Lipid droplets (LD) are important regulators of lipid metabolism and are implicated in several diseases. However, the mechanisms underlying the roles of LD in cell pathophysiology remain elusive. Hence, new approaches that enable better characterization of LD are essential. This study establishes that Laurdan, a widely used fluorescent probe, can be used to label, quantify, and characterize changes in cell LD properties. Using lipid mixtures containing artificial LD we show that Laurdan GP depends on LD composition. Accordingly, enrichment in cholesterol esters (CE) shifts Laurdan GP from ~0.60 to ~0.70. Moreover, live-cell confocal microscopy shows that cells present multiple LD populations with distinctive biophysical features. The hydrophobicity and fraction of each LD population are cell type dependent and change differently in response to nutrient imbalance, cell density, and upon inhibition of LD biogenesis. The results show that cellular stress caused by increased cell density and nutrient overload increased the number of LD and their hydrophobicity and contributed to the formation of LD with very high GP values, likely enriched in CE. In contrast, nutrient deprivation was accompanied by decreased LD hydrophobicity and alterations in cell plasma membrane properties. In addition, we show that cancer cells present highly hydrophobic LD, compatible with a CE enrichment of these organelles. The distinct biophysical properties of LD contribute to the diversity of these organelles, suggesting that the specific alterations in their properties might be one of the mechanisms triggering LD pathophysiological actions and/or be related to the different mechanisms underlying LD metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana E Ventura
- iMed.ULisboa - Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Sarka Pokorna
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel; J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Dolejškova 3, 182 23 Prague, Czech Republic
| | - Natalie Huhn
- iMed.ULisboa - Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Tânia C B Santos
- iMed.ULisboa - Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal; iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Manuel Prieto
- iBB-Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal; Associate Laboratory i4HB-Institute for Health and Bioeconomy at Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Rovisco Pais, 1049-001 Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Anthony H Futerman
- Department of Biomolecular Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Liana C Silva
- iMed.ULisboa - Research Institute for Medicines, Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisboa, Portugal.
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14
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Wu T, Jing T, Lu Y, Zhang F, He P. In Situ Investigation of Intercellular Signal Transduction Based on Detection of Extracellular pH and ROS by Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy. Anal Chem 2023; 95:7468-7474. [PMID: 37134200 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c04655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Intercellular signal transduction plays an important role in the regulation of biological activities. Herein, a Transwell chamber-based two-layer device combined with scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) technology has been proposed for in situ investigation of intercellular signal transduction. The cells in the device were cultured on two layers: the lower layer was for signaling cells, and the upper layer was for signal-receiving cells. The extracellular pH (pHe) and ROS (reactive oxygen species, ROSe) were in situ monitored by SECM potentiometric mode and SECM-MPSW (multipotential step waveform), respectively. When the signaling cells, including MCF-7, HeLa, and HFF cells, were electrically stimulated, the ROS release of the signal-receiving cells was promoted. By detecting the pH at the cell surface, it was found that more H+ generated by the signaling cells and two cell layers at a shorter distance could both cause the signal-receiving cells to release more ROS, revealing that H+ is one of the signaling molecules of intercellular communication. This SECM-based in situ monitoring strategy provides an effective way to investigate intercellular signal transduction and explore the corresponding mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
| | - Ting Jing
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
| | - Yuqi Lu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
| | - Fan Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
| | - Pingang He
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, P. R. China
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15
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Audero MM, Carvalho TMA, Ruffinatti FA, Loeck T, Yassine M, Chinigò G, Folcher A, Farfariello V, Amadori S, Vaghi C, Schwab A, Reshkin SJ, Cardone RA, Prevarskaya N, Fiorio Pla A. Acidic Growth Conditions Promote Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition to Select More Aggressive PDAC Cell Phenotypes In Vitro. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15092572. [PMID: 37174038 PMCID: PMC10177299 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15092572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/26/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is characterized by an acidic microenvironment, which contributes to therapeutic failure. So far there is a lack of knowledge with respect to the role of the acidic microenvironment in the invasive process. This work aimed to study the phenotypic and genetic response of PDAC cells to acidic stress along the different stages of selection. To this end, we subjected the cells to short- and long-term acidic pressure and recovery to pHe 7.4. This treatment aimed at mimicking PDAC edges and consequent cancer cell escape from the tumor. The impact of acidosis was assessed for cell morphology, proliferation, adhesion, migration, invasion, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) via functional in vitro assays and RNA sequencing. Our results indicate that short acidic treatment limits growth, adhesion, invasion, and viability of PDAC cells. As the acid treatment progresses, it selects cancer cells with enhanced migration and invasion abilities induced by EMT, potentiating their metastatic potential when re-exposed to pHe 7.4. The RNA-seq analysis of PANC-1 cells exposed to short-term acidosis and pHe-selected recovered to pHe 7.4 revealed distinct transcriptome rewiring. We describe an enrichment of genes relevant to proliferation, migration, EMT, and invasion in acid-selected cells. Our work clearly demonstrates that upon acidosis stress, PDAC cells acquire more invasive cell phenotypes by promoting EMT and thus paving the way for more aggressive cell phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madelaine Magalì Audero
- U1003-PHYCELL-Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire, Inserm, University of Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq, 59000 Lille, France
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Angiogenesis, Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, 10123 Turin, Italy
| | | | - Federico Alessandro Ruffinatti
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Angiogenesis, Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, 10123 Turin, Italy
| | - Thorsten Loeck
- Institute of Physiology II, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Maya Yassine
- U1003-PHYCELL-Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire, Inserm, University of Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Giorgia Chinigò
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Angiogenesis, Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, 10123 Turin, Italy
| | - Antoine Folcher
- U1003-PHYCELL-Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire, Inserm, University of Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Valerio Farfariello
- U1003-PHYCELL-Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire, Inserm, University of Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Samuele Amadori
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Angiogenesis, Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, 10123 Turin, Italy
| | - Chiara Vaghi
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Angiogenesis, Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, 10123 Turin, Italy
| | - Albrecht Schwab
- Institute of Physiology II, University of Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Stephan J Reshkin
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Rosa Angela Cardone
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Natalia Prevarskaya
- U1003-PHYCELL-Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire, Inserm, University of Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq, 59000 Lille, France
| | - Alessandra Fiorio Pla
- U1003-PHYCELL-Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire, Inserm, University of Lille, Villeneuve d'Ascq, 59000 Lille, France
- Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Angiogenesis, Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Turin, 10123 Turin, Italy
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Dhawan A, Pifer PM, Sandulache VC, Skinner HD. Metabolic targeting, immunotherapy and radiation in locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer: Where do we go from here? Front Oncol 2022; 12:1016217. [PMID: 36591457 PMCID: PMC9794617 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.1016217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 11/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
In the US, there are ~250,000 new lung cancer diagnoses and ~130,000 deaths per year, and worldwide there are an estimated 1.6 million deaths per year from this deadly disease. Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer death worldwide, and it accounts for roughly a quarter of all cancer deaths in the US. Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) represents 80-85% of these cases. Due to an enormous tobacco cessation effort, NSCLC rates in the US are decreasing, and the implementation of lung cancer screening guidelines and other programs have resulted in a higher percentage of patients presenting with potentially curable locoregional disease, instead of distant disease. Exciting developments in molecular targeted therapy and immunotherapy have resulted in dramatic improvement in patients' survival, in combination with new surgical, pathological, radiographical, and radiation techniques. Concurrent platinum-based doublet chemoradiation therapy followed by immunotherapy has set the benchmark for survival in these patients. However, despite these advances, ~50% of patients diagnosed with locally advanced NSCLC (LA-NSCLC) survive long-term. In patients with local and/or locoregional disease, chemoradiation is a critical component of curative therapy. However, there remains a significant clinical gap in improving the efficacy of this combined therapy, and the development of non-overlapping treatment approaches to improve treatment outcomes is needed. One potential promising avenue of research is targeting cancer metabolism. In this review, we will initially provide a brief general overview of tumor metabolism as it relates to therapeutic targeting. We will then focus on the intersection of metabolism on both oxidative stress and anti-tumor immunity. This will be followed by discussion of both tumor- and patient-specific opportunities for metabolic targeting in NSCLC. We will then conclude with a discussion of additional agents currently in development that may be advantageous to combine with chemo-immuno-radiation in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annika Dhawan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center and University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Phillip M. Pifer
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center and University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States
| | - Vlad C. Sandulache
- Bobby R. Alford Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Heath D. Skinner
- Department of Radiation Oncology, UPMC Hillman Cancer Center and University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, United States,*Correspondence: Heath D. Skinner,
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Garai P, Banerjee P, Sharma P, Chatterjee A, Bhattacharya R, Saha NC. Mechanistic insights to lactic and formic acid toxicity on benthic oligochaete worm Tubifex tubifex. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022; 29:87319-87333. [PMID: 35802337 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-21361-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Accepted: 06/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Lactic and formic acid are two commonly found monocarboxylic organic acids. Lactic acid is discharged into the water bodies as acidic industrial effluent from the food, cosmetic, chemical, and pharmaceutical industries, whereas formic acid is discharged from various paper, leather tanning, and textile processing industries. The present study investigated the toxicity of both organic acids upon the benthic oligochaete worm Tubifex tubifex. The 96-h median lethal concentration (LC50) values for lactic and formic acid are determined as 143.81 mg/l and 57.99 mg/l respectively. The effects of two sublethal concentrations (10% and 30% of 96 h LC50) of these acids on differential expression of oxidative stress enzymes are investigated. The comparative analysis of acute toxicity demonstrates that formic acid exposure is more detrimental to T. tubifex than lactic acid. The in silico structural analysis predicts that formic acid can interact with cytochrome c oxidase of the electron transport system and thereby inhibits its functionality and induces reactive oxygen species production. Integrated biomarker response (IBR) analysis illustrates that overall oxidative stress of formic acid to T. tubifex is significantly higher than that of lactic acid, which supports the structural analysis. It is concluded from this study that toxicokinetic-toxicodynamic and species sensitivity distributions studies are helpful for ecological risk management of environmental toxicants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pramita Garai
- Fisheries and Ecotoxicology Research Laboratory (Vice-Chancellor's Research Group), Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal, 713104, India
| | - Priyajit Banerjee
- Fisheries and Ecotoxicology Research Laboratory (Vice-Chancellor's Research Group), Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal, 713104, India
| | - Pramita Sharma
- Fisheries and Ecotoxicology Research Laboratory (Vice-Chancellor's Research Group), Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal, 713104, India
| | - Arnab Chatterjee
- Fisheries and Ecotoxicology Research Laboratory (Vice-Chancellor's Research Group), Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal, 713104, India
| | - Ritwick Bhattacharya
- Fisheries and Ecotoxicology Research Laboratory (Vice-Chancellor's Research Group), Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal, 713104, India
| | - Nimai Chandra Saha
- Fisheries and Ecotoxicology Research Laboratory (Vice-Chancellor's Research Group), Department of Zoology, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal, 713104, India.
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18
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Wu T, Tong M, Chu A, Wu K, Niu X, Zhang Z. PM2.5-Induced Programmed Myocardial Cell Death via mPTP Opening Results in Deteriorated Cardiac Function in HFpEF Mice. Cardiovasc Toxicol 2022; 22:746-762. [PMID: 35593990 DOI: 10.1007/s12012-022-09753-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
PM2.5 exposure can induce or exacerbate heart failure and is associated with an increased risk of heart failure hospitalization and mortality; however, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study focuses on the potential mechanisms underlying PM2.5 induction of cardiomyocyte programmed necrosis as well as its promotion of cardiac function impairment in a mouse model of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). HFpEF mice were exposed to concentrated ambient PM2.5 (CAP) (CAP group) or filtered air (FA) (FA group) for 6 weeks. Changes in myocardial pathology and cardiac function were documented for comparisons between the two groups. In vitro experiments were performed to measure oxidative stress and mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) dynamics in H9C2 cells following 24 h exposure to PM2.5. Additionally, co-immunoprecipitation was conducted to detect p53 and cyclophilin D (CypD) interactions. The results showed exposure to CAP promoted cardiac function impairment in HFpEF mice. Myocardial pathology analysis and in vitro experiments demonstrated that PM2.5 led to mitochondrial damage in cardiomyocytes and, eventually, their necrosis. Moreover, our experiments also suggested that PM2.5 increases mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS), induces DNA oxidative damage, and decreases the inner mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔΨm). This indicates the presence of mPTP opening. Co-immunoprecipitation results showed a p53/CypD interaction in the myocardial tissue of HFpEF mice in the CAP group. Inhibition of CypD by cyclosporin A was found to reverse PM2.5-induced mPTP opening and H9C2 cell death. In conclusion, PM2.5 induces mPTP opening to stimulate mitochondria-mediated programmed necrosis of cardiomyocytes, and it might exacerbate cardiac function impairment in HFpEF mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Wu
- The First Clinical Medical College of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
- The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Minghui Tong
- The Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730030, China
| | - Aiai Chu
- Department of Cardiology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Kaiyue Wu
- Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Xiaowei Niu
- Heart Center, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China
| | - Zheng Zhang
- Heart Center, The First Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, 730000, China.
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Schulz M, Voß L, Schwerdt G, Gekle M. Epithelial–Fibroblast Crosstalk Protects against Acidosis-Induced Inflammatory and Fibrotic Alterations. Biomedicines 2022; 10:681. [PMID: 35327483 PMCID: PMC8945333 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10030681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2022] [Revised: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathogenesis of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is accompanied by extracellular acidosis inflammation, fibrosis and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The aim of this study was to assess the influence of acidosis on tubule epithelial cells (NRK-52E) and fibroblasts (NRK-49F) in dependence of cellular crosstalk. NRK-52E and NRK-49F were used in mono- and co-cultures, and were treated with acidic media (pH 6.0) for 48 h. The intracellular proteins were measured by Western blot. Secreted proteins were measured by ELISA. Distribution of E-cadherin was assessed by immunofluorescence and epithelial barrier function by FITC-dextran diffusion. Inflammation: Acidosis led to an increase in COX-2 in NRK-52E and TNF in NRK-49F in monoculture. In co-culture, this effect was reversed. EMT: Acidosis led to an increase in vimentin protein in both cell lines, whereas in co-culture, the effect was abolished. In NRK-52E, the E-cadherin expression was unchanged, but subcellular E-cadherin showed a disturbed distribution, and cellular barrier function was decreased. Fibrosis: Monoculture acidosis led to an increased secretion of collagen I and fibronectin in NRK-52E and collagen I in NRK-49F. In co-culture, the total collagen I secretion was unchanged, and fibronectin secretion was decreased. Intercellular crosstalk between epithelial cells and fibroblasts has a protective function regarding the development of acidosis-induced damage.
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20
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Jang KB, You MJ, Yang B, Rim C, Kim HJ, Kwon MS. Persistent Acidic Environment Induces Impaired Phagocytosis via ERK in Microglia. Neurochem Res 2022; 47:1341-1353. [PMID: 35103911 DOI: 10.1007/s11064-022-03533-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Revised: 12/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Acidic environment evoked by stroke, traumatic brain injury, and Alzheimer's disease may change the functional properties of microglia. Nevertheless, the underlying mechanisms of functional changes in microglia remain unclear. In this study, we found that acidic stimuli (pH 6.8) increased rapidly interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6 mRNA levels and subsequently reduced IL-10, transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1, Cx3cr1, and P2ry12 as the exposure time to acidic environment increase in BV2 cells. In addition, persistent acidic environment (pH 6.8 for 6 h) induced impaired phagocytic function in BV2 cells. Short-term acidic exposure (pH 6.8 for 30 min) increased cyclic AMP (cAMP) and phospho-protein kinase A (PKA) but inhibited phospho-extracellular signal-regulated kinase (p-ERK). However, under persistent acidic environment (pH 6.8 for 6 h), cyclic AMP and PKA were normalized and p-ERK was increased with TDAG8 (T cell death associated gene 8; GPR65) reduction. FR 180,204, an ERK inhibitor, rescued the persistent acidic environment-induced functional changes in BV2 cells and its effect was recapitulated in primary neonatal microglia. Thus, we propose that ERK targeting may be an alternative strategy to restore microglial dysfunction in the central nervous system (CNS) acidic environment in various neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu-Beom Jang
- Department of Pharmacology, Research Institute for Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, CHA BIO COMPLEX, CHA University, 335 Pangyo, Bundang-gu, Gyeonggi-do, Seongnam-si, 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Jung You
- Department of Pharmacology, Research Institute for Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, CHA BIO COMPLEX, CHA University, 335 Pangyo, Bundang-gu, Gyeonggi-do, Seongnam-si, 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Bohyun Yang
- Department of Pharmacology, Research Institute for Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, CHA BIO COMPLEX, CHA University, 335 Pangyo, Bundang-gu, Gyeonggi-do, Seongnam-si, 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Rim
- Department of Pharmacology, Research Institute for Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, CHA BIO COMPLEX, CHA University, 335 Pangyo, Bundang-gu, Gyeonggi-do, Seongnam-si, 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Hui-Ju Kim
- Department of Pharmacology, Research Institute for Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, CHA BIO COMPLEX, CHA University, 335 Pangyo, Bundang-gu, Gyeonggi-do, Seongnam-si, 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Min-Soo Kwon
- Department of Pharmacology, Research Institute for Basic Medical Science, School of Medicine, CHA BIO COMPLEX, CHA University, 335 Pangyo, Bundang-gu, Gyeonggi-do, Seongnam-si, 13488, Republic of Korea.
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21
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Degitz C, Reime S, Thews O. Effect of Acidosis-Induced Signalling Pathways on Mitochondrial O2 Consumption of Tumour Cells. Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology 2022; 1395:231-235. [PMID: 36527642 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-14190-4_38] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Signalling pathways such as ERK1/2, p38 or PI3K are activated in tumour cells by extracellular acidosis, which is a common phenomenon in human tumours. These signalling pathways can modulate the mitochondrial function and activity. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of extracellular acidosis on the mitochondrial O2 consumption and, in consequence, the potential role of ERK1/2, p38 and PI3K cascades on modulating the respiratory function. The O2 consumption rate (OCR) was measured at pH 7.4 and extracellular acidosis (pH 6.6) in combination with inhibition of the respective signalling pathway. The activity of the pathways was determined by phosphorylation-specific western blot using the cytosolic and mitochondrial fraction of cell lysates. The experiments were performed on a rat tumour cell line (subline AT1 of the rat R-3327 prostate carcinoma) and normal cells (NRK-49F fibroblasts). Acidosis increased the OCR of AT1 cells, especially the basal OCR and the O2 consumption, which is related to ATP production. In normal NRKF cells OCR was unaffected by low pH. Inhibition of ERK1/2 and PI3K, but not p38, reduced the acidosis-induced increase of the OCR significantly in AT1 tumour cells. In this cell line acidosis also led to an ERK1/2 and PI3K activation, predominantly in the mitochondrial fraction. These results indicate that extracellular acidosis activates cellular respiration in tumour cells, presumably by activating the ERK1/2 and/or the PI3K signalling cascade. This activation of ERK1/2 and PI3K is located primarily in the mitochondrial compartment of the cells.
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22
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Heo Y, Shin SW, Kim DS, Lee S, Park SY, Baek SW, Lee JK, Kim JH, Han DK. Bioactive PCL microspheres with enhanced biocompatibility and collagen production for functional hyaluronic acid dermal fillers. Biomater Sci 2022; 10:947-959. [DOI: 10.1039/d1bm01846a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Polymeric microspheres containing magnesium hydroxide (MH) and a bioactive agent (BA), such as apocynin (APO) and astaxanthin (ATX), have been prepared as functional dermal fillers with enhanced physicochemical and biological performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Heo
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Woo Shin
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Da-Seul Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi 13488, Republic of Korea
- School of Integrative Engineering, Chung-Ang University, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 06911, Republic of Korea
| | - Semi Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - So-Yeon Park
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi 13488, Republic of Korea
- Division of Biotechnology, College of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Woon Baek
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi 13488, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, SKKU Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon-si, Gyeonggi 16419, Republic of Korea
- Department of Intelligent Precision Healthcare Convergence, SKKU Institute for Convergence, Sungkyunkwan University (SKKU), Suwon-si, Gyeonggi 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun-Kyu Lee
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Jun Hyuk Kim
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi 13488, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Keun Han
- Department of Biomedical Science, CHA University, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi 13488, Republic of Korea
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23
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Wu T, Ning X, Xiong Q, Zhang F, He P. In situ monitoring reactive oxygen species released by single cells using scanning electrochemical microscopy with A Specifically designed multi-potential step waveform. Electrochim Acta 2022; 403:139638. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.139638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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24
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Wolff M, Rauschner M, Reime S, Riemann A, Thews O. Role of the mTOR Signalling Pathway During Extracellular Acidosis in Tumour Cells. Adv Exp Med Biol 2022; 1395:281-285. [PMID: 36527650 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-14190-4_46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The metabolic microenvironment of solid tumours is often dominated by extracellular acidosis which results from glycolytic metabolism. Acidosis can modulate gene expression and foster the malignant progression. The aim of the study was to analyse the effects of extracellular acidosis on the mTOR signalling pathway, an important regulator of anabolic and catabolic processes like cell proliferation and autophagy. The study was performed in two tumour cell lines, AT-1 prostate and Walker-256 mammary carcinoma cells. Cells were incubated at pH 7.4 or 6.6 for 3 h and 24 h. Then RNA and protein were extracted and analysed by qPCR and western blot. mTOR and P70-S6 kinase (P70-S6K), an important downstream target of mTOR, as well as the autophagic flux were studied. The effect of acidosis on P70S6K phosphorylation was compared to pharmacological mTOR inhibition with LY294002 and rapamycin. In both cell lines the total mTOR expression was not altered by acidosis, however, the mTOR phosphorylation was reduced after 3 h but not after 24 h. The P70S6K phosphorylation was reduced at both time points comparable to changes by pharmacological mTOR inhibitors. The autophagic flux, also a target of mTOR and measured by LC3-II expression, was increased in both cell lines after 24 h of acidosis. The results of this study indicate that mTOR signalling is inhibited by extracellular acidosis which then lead to a reduced activity of the P70-S6 kinase (modulating gene expression) and increased autophagy possibly mediated by ULK1/2 activity. These finding may offer new perspectives for therapeutic interventions in acidic tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Wolff
- Julius-Bernstein-Institute of Physiology, University of Halle, Halle, Germany
| | - M Rauschner
- Julius-Bernstein-Institute of Physiology, University of Halle, Halle, Germany
| | - S Reime
- Julius-Bernstein-Institute of Physiology, University of Halle, Halle, Germany
| | - A Riemann
- Julius-Bernstein-Institute of Physiology, University of Halle, Halle, Germany
| | - O Thews
- Julius-Bernstein-Institute of Physiology, University of Halle, Halle, Germany.
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25
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Abstract
Objective The effect of CO2 pneumoperitoneum (CDP) on the oncology outcomes of patients undergoing laparoscopic radical hysterectomy for cervical cancer remains unclear. In this study, we investigated the effects of CDP on the proliferation of cervical cancer cells and examined the molecular mechanism. Materials and Methods We established an in vitro CDP model to study the effects of CDP on the proliferation of cervical cancer cells by Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, xenografted tumor assay. Tandem mass tag-based quantitative proteomics were used to study the proteomic changes in HeLa cells after CDP treatment. Western blot assay was used to detect the expressions of PI3K/Akt signaling pathway proteins. Results CDP increased cell proliferation after a short period of inhibition in vitro and promoted tumorigenesis in vivo. Proteomic analysis showed that the expression levels of 177 and 309 proteins were changed significantly 24 and 48 h after CDP treatment, respectively. The acidification caused by CO2 inhibited the proliferation of cervical cancer cells by inhibiting the phosphorylation of PI3K and Akt. Conclusions CDP promoted the proliferation of human cervical cancer cells after a short time of inhibition. The mechanism of which is related to the inhibition of phosphorylation of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongtao Lv
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jingshi Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jingshi Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
| | - Fengnian Rong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Shandong Qianfoshan Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jingshi Road, Jinan, Shandong Province, China
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26
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Du L, Xie Y, Zheng K, Wang N, Gao M, Yu T, Cao L, Shao Q, Zou Y, Xia W, Fang Q, Zhao B, Guo D, Peng X, Pan JA. Oxidative stress transforms 3CLpro into an insoluble and more active form to promote SARS-CoV-2 replication. Redox Biol 2021; 48:102199. [PMID: 34847508 PMCID: PMC8616692 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2021.102199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
3CLpro is a key proteinase for SARS-CoV-2 replication and serves as an important target for antiviral drug development. However, how its activity is regulated intracellularly is still obscure. In this study, we developed a 3CLpro protease activity reporter system to examine the impact of various factors, including nutrient supplements, ions, pHs, or oxidative stress inducers, on 3CLpro protease activity. We found that oxidative stress could increase the overall activity of 3CLpro. Not altering the expression, oxidative stress decreased the solubility of 3CLpro in the lysis buffer containing 1% Triton-X-100. The Triton-X-100-insoluble 3CLpro was correlated with aggregates' formation and responsible for the increased enzymatic activity. The disulfide bonds formed between Cys85 sites of 3CLpro protomers account for the insolubility and the aggregation of 3CLpro. Besides being regulated by oxidative stress, 3CLpro impaired the cellular antioxidant capacity by regulating the cleavage of GPx1 at its N-terminus. This cleavage could further elevate the 3CLpro-proximate oxidative activity, favor aggregation and activation of 3CLpro, and thus lead to a positive feedback loop. In summary, we reported that oxidative stress transforms 3CLpro into a detergent-insoluble form that is more enzymatically active, leading to increased viral replication/transcription. Our study provided mechanistic evidence that suggests the therapeutic potential of antioxidants in the clinical treatment of COVID-19 patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liubing Du
- The Center for Infection and Immunity Study and Molecular Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China
| | - Yanchun Xie
- The Center for Infection and Immunity Study and Molecular Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China
| | - Kai Zheng
- The Center for Infection and Immunity Study and Molecular Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China
| | - Niu Wang
- The Center for Infection and Immunity Study and Molecular Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China
| | - Mingcheng Gao
- The Center for Infection and Immunity Study and Molecular Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China
| | - Ting Yu
- The Center for Infection and Immunity Study and Molecular Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China
| | - Liu Cao
- The Center for Infection and Immunity Study and Molecular Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China
| | - QianQian Shao
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangming Science City, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Yong Zou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Wei Xia
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China
| | - Qianglin Fang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Guangming Science City, Shenzhen, 518107, China
| | - Bo Zhao
- The Center for Infection and Immunity Study and Molecular Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China
| | - Deyin Guo
- The Center for Infection and Immunity Study and Molecular Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China
| | - Xiaoxue Peng
- The Center for Infection and Immunity Study and Molecular Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China.
| | - Ji-An Pan
- The Center for Infection and Immunity Study and Molecular Cancer Research Center, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, No. 66, Gongchang Road, Guangming District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China.
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Rauschner M, Hüsing T, Lange L, Jarosik K, Reime S, Riemann A, Thews O. Role of acidosis-sensitive microRNAs in gene expression and functional parameters of tumors in vitro and in vivo. Neoplasia 2021; 23:1275-1288. [PMID: 34781085 PMCID: PMC8605108 DOI: 10.1016/j.neo.2021.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: The acidic extracellular environment of tumors has been shown to affect the malignant progression of tumor cells by modulating proliferation, cell death or metastatic potential. The aim of the study was to analyze whether acidosis-dependent miRNAs play a role in the signaling cascade from low pH through changes in gene expression to functional properties of tumors in vitro and in vivo. Methods: In two experimental tumor lines the expression of 13 genes was tested under acidic conditions in combination with overexpression or downregulation of 4 pH-sensitive miRNAs (miR-7, 183, 203, 215). Additionally, the impact on proliferation, cell cycle distribution, apoptosis, necrosis, migration and cell adhesion were measured. Results: Most of the genes showed a pH-dependent expression, but only a few of them were additionally regulated by miRNAs in vitro (Brip1, Clspn, Rif1) or in vivo (Fstl, Tlr5, Txnip). Especially miR-215 overexpression was able to counteract the acidosis effect in some genes. The impact on proliferation was cell line-dependent and most pronounced with overexpression of miR-183 and miR-203, whereas apoptosis and necrosis were pH-dependent but not influenced by miRNAs. The tumor growth was markedly regulated by miR-183 and miR-7. In addition, acidosis had a strong effect on cell adhesion, which could be modulated by miR-7, miR-203 and miR-215. Conclusions: The results indicate that the acidosis effect on gene expression and functional properties of tumor cells could be mediated by pH-dependent miRNAs. Many effects were cell line dependent and therefore do not reflect universal intracellular signaling cascades. However, the role of miRNAs in the adaptation to an acidic environment may open new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mandy Rauschner
- Julius Bernstein Institute of Physiology, University of Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 6, Halle (Saale) 06112, Germany
| | - Thea Hüsing
- Julius Bernstein Institute of Physiology, University of Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 6, Halle (Saale) 06112, Germany
| | - Luisa Lange
- Julius Bernstein Institute of Physiology, University of Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 6, Halle (Saale) 06112, Germany
| | - Kristin Jarosik
- Julius Bernstein Institute of Physiology, University of Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 6, Halle (Saale) 06112, Germany
| | - Sarah Reime
- Julius Bernstein Institute of Physiology, University of Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 6, Halle (Saale) 06112, Germany
| | - Anne Riemann
- Julius Bernstein Institute of Physiology, University of Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 6, Halle (Saale) 06112, Germany
| | - Oliver Thews
- Julius Bernstein Institute of Physiology, University of Halle-Wittenberg, Magdeburger Str. 6, Halle (Saale) 06112, Germany.
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28
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Hu CT, Mandal JP, Wu WS. Regulation on tumor metastasis by Raf kinase inhibitory protein: New insight with reactive oxygen species signaling. Tzu Chi Med J 2021; 33:332-338. [PMID: 34760627 PMCID: PMC8532577 DOI: 10.4103/tcmj.tcmj_296_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Targeted therapy aiming at the metastatic signal pathway, such as that triggered by receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK), for the prevention of tumor progression is promising. However, RTK-based targeted therapy frequently suffered from drug resistance due to the co-expression of multiple growth factor receptors that may raise compensatory secondary signaling and acquired mutations after treatment. One alternative strategy is to manipulate the common negative regulators of the RTK signaling. Among them, Raf kinase inhibitory protein (RKIP) is highlighted and focused on this review. RKIP can associate with Raf-1, thus suppressing the downstream mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascade. RKIP also negatively regulates other metastatic signal molecules including NF-κB, STAT3, and NOTCH1. In general, RKIP achieves this task via associating and blocking the activity of the critical molecules on upstream of the aforementioned pathways. One novel RKIP-related signaling involves reactive oxygen species (ROS). In our recent report, we found that PKCδ-mediated ROS generation may interfere with the association of RKIP with heat shock protein 60 (HSP60)/MAPK complex via oxidation of HSP60 triggered by the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate. The departure of RKIP may impact the downstream MAPK in two aspects. One is to trigger the Mt→cytosol translocation of HSP60 coupled with MAPKs. The other is to change the conformation of HSP60, favoring more efficient activation of the associated MAPK by upstream kinases in cytosol. It is worthy of investigating whether various RTKs capable of generating ROS can drive metastatic signaling via affecting RKIP in the same manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Tan Hu
- Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.,Research Centre for Hepatology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.,School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
| | | | - Wen-Sheng Wu
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.,Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.,Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
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29
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Zhou G, Zha XM. GPR68 Contributes to Persistent Acidosis-Induced Activation of AGC Kinases and Tyrosine Phosphorylation in Organotypic Hippocampal Slices. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:692217. [PMID: 34113235 PMCID: PMC8185064 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.692217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Persistent acidosis occurs in ischemia and multiple neurological diseases. In previous studies, acidic stimulation leads to rapid increase in intracellular calcium in neurons. However, it remains largely unclear how a prolonged acidosis alters neuronal signaling. In our previous study, we found that GPR68-mediated PKC activities are protective against acidosis-induced injury in cortical slices. Here, we first asked whether the same principle holds true in organotypic hippocampal slices. Our data showed that 1-h pH 6 induced PKC phosphorylation in a GPR68-dependent manner. Go6983, a PKC inhibitor worsened acidosis-induced neuronal injury in wild type (WT) but had no effect in GPR68−/− slices. Next, to gain greater insights into acid signaling in brain tissue, we treated organotypic hippocampal slices with pH 6 for 1-h and performed a kinome profiling analysis by Western blot. Acidosis had little effect on cyclin-dependent kinase (CDK) or casein kinase 2 activity, two members of the CMGC family, or Ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM)/ATM and RAD3-related (ATR) activity, but reduced the phosphorylation of MAPK/CDK substrates. In contrast, acidosis induced the activation of CaMKIIα, PKA, and Akt. Besides these serine/threonine kinases, acidosis also induced tyrosine phosphorylation. Since GPR68 is widely expressed in brain neurons, we asked whether GPR68 contributes to acidosis-induced signaling. Deleting GPR68 had no effect on acidosis-induced CaMKII phosphorylation, attenuated that of phospho-Akt and phospho-PKA substrates, while abolishing acidosis-induced tyrosine phosphorylation. These data demonstrate that prolonged acidosis activates a network of signaling cascades, mediated by AGC kinases, CaMKII, and tyrosine kinases. GPR68 is the primary mediator for acidosis-induced activation of PKC and tyrosine phosphorylation, while both GPR68-dependent and -independent mechanisms contribute to the activation of PKA and Akt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guokun Zhou
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL, United States
| | - Xiang-Ming Zha
- Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, University of South Alabama College of Medicine, Mobile, AL, United States
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30
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Wanandi SI, Arumsari S, Afitriansyah E, Syahrani RA, Dewantara IR, Nurachman LA, Amin IF, Haryono PD, Budiman K, Sugiharta AJ, Remedika AA, Tafikulhakim FH, Iswanti FC, Lee JY, Banerjee D. Elevated extracellular CO 2 level affects the adaptive transcriptional response and survival of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells toward hypoxia and oxidative stress. Med J Indones 2021. [DOI: 10.13181/mji.oa.203810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND High carbon dioxide (CO2) level from indoor environments, such as classrooms and offices, might cause sick building syndrome. Excessive indoor CO2 level increases CO2 level in the blood, and over-accumulation of CO2 induces an adaptive response that requires modulation of gene expression. This study aimed to investigate the adaptive transcriptional response toward hypoxia and oxidative stress in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) exposed to elevated CO2 level in vitro and its association with cell viability.
METHODS PBMCs were treated in 5% CO2 and 15% CO2, representatives a high CO₂ level condition for 24 and 48 hours. Extracellular pH (pHe) was measured with a pH meter. The levels of reactive oxygen species were determined by measuring superoxide and hydrogen peroxide with dihydroethidium and dichlorofluorescin-diacetate assay. The mRNA expression levels of hypoxia-inducible factor (HIF)-1α, HIF-2α, nuclear factor (NF)-κB, and manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) were analyzed using a real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Cell survival was determined by measuring cell viability.
RESULTS pHe increased in 24 hours after 15% CO₂ treatment, and then decreased in 48 hours. Superoxide and hydrogen peroxide levels increased after the 24- and 48-hour of high CO₂ level condition. The expression levels of NF-κB, MnSOD, HIF-1α, and HIF-2α decreased in 24 hours and increased in 48 hours. The increased antioxidant mRNA expression in 48 hours showed that the PBMCs were responsive under high CO2 conditions. Elevated CO2 suppressed cell viability significantly in 48 hours.
CONCLUSIONS After 48 hours of high CO₂ level condition, PBMCs showed an upregulation in genes related to hypoxia and oxidative stress to overcome the effects of CO2 elevation.
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Hug S, Bernhard S, Stratmann AEP, Erber M, Wohlgemuth L, Knapp CL, Bauer JM, Vidoni L, Fauler M, Föhr KJ, Radermacher P, Hoffmann A, Huber-Lang M, Messerer DAC. Activation of Neutrophil Granulocytes by Platelet-Activating Factor Is Impaired During Experimental Sepsis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:642867. [PMID: 33796110 PMCID: PMC8007865 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.642867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is an important mediator of the systemic inflammatory response. In the case of sepsis, proper activation and function of neutrophils as the first line of cellular defense are based on a well-balanced physiological response. However, little is known about the role of PAF in cellular changes of neutrophils during sepsis. Therefore, this study investigates the reaction patterns of neutrophils induced by PAF with a focus on membrane potential (MP), intracellular pH, and cellular swelling under physiological and pathophysiological conditions and hypothesizes that the PAF-mediated response of granulocytes is altered during sepsis. The cellular response of granulocytes including MP, intracellular pH, cellular swelling, and other activation markers were analyzed by multiparametric flow cytometry. In addition, the chemotactic activity and the formation of platelet-neutrophil complexes after exposure to PAF were investigated. The changes of the (electro-)physiological response features were translationally verified in a human ex vivo whole blood model of endotoxemia as well as during polymicrobial porcine sepsis. In neutrophils from healthy human donors, PAF elicited a rapid depolarization, an intracellular alkalization, and an increase in cell size in a time- and dose-dependent manner. Mechanistically, the alkalization was dependent on sodium-proton exchanger 1 (NHE1) activity, while the change in cellular shape was sodium flux- but only partially NHE1-dependent. In a pathophysiological altered environment, the PAF-induced response of neutrophils was modulated. Acidifying the extracellular pH in vitro enhanced PAF-mediated depolarization, whereas the increases in cell size and intracellular pH were largely unaffected. Ex vivo exposure of human whole blood to lipopolysaccharide diminished the PAF-induced intracellular alkalization and the change in neutrophil size. During experimental porcine sepsis, depolarization of the MP was significantly impaired. Additionally, there was a trend for increased cellular swelling, whereas intracellular alkalization remained stable. Overall, an impaired (electro-)physiological response of neutrophils to PAF stimulation represents a cellular hallmark of those cells challenged during systemic inflammation. Furthermore, this altered response may be indicative of and causative for the development of neutrophil dysfunction during sepsis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Hug
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Trauma Immunology, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Stefan Bernhard
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Trauma Immunology, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | | | - Maike Erber
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Trauma Immunology, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Lisa Wohlgemuth
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Trauma Immunology, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Christiane Leonie Knapp
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Trauma Immunology, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Jonas Martin Bauer
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Trauma Immunology, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Laura Vidoni
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Trauma Immunology, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Michael Fauler
- Institute of General Physiology, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Karl Josef Föhr
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Peter Radermacher
- Institute of Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Development, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Andrea Hoffmann
- Institute of Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Development, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - Markus Huber-Lang
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Trauma Immunology, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
| | - David Alexander Christian Messerer
- Institute of Clinical and Experimental Trauma Immunology, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.,Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.,Institute of Anesthesiological Pathophysiology and Process Development, University Hospital of Ulm, Ulm, Germany
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Mandal JP, Shiue CN, Chen YC, Lee MC, Yang HH, Chang HH, Hu CT, Liao PC, Hui LC, You RI, Wu WS. PKCδ mediates mitochondrial ROS generation and oxidation of HSP60 to relieve RKIP inhibition on MAPK pathway for HCC progression. Free Radic Biol Med 2021; 163:69-87. [PMID: 33307168 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2020] [Revised: 11/25/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Both protein kinase C (PKC) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) are well-known signaling messengers cross-talking with each other to activate mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) for progression of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the underlying mechanisms are not well elucidated. Especially, whether mitochondrial ROS (mtROS) is involved and how it triggers MAPK signaling are intriguing. In this study, we found mtROS generation and phosphorylation of MAPKs were mediated by PKCδ in HCCs treated with the tumor promoter 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol-13-acetate (TPA). Heat shock protein 60 (HSP60), one of the chaperones in mitochondria was the major protein oxidized in TPA-treated HCCs. Moreover, depletion of HSP60 or expression of HSP60 cysteine mutant prevented TPA-induced phosphorylation of MAPKs. To delineate how HSP60 mediated MAPK activation, the role of Raf kinase inhibitor protein (RKIP), a negative regulator of MAPK, was investigated. TPA dissociated RKIP from HSP60 in both mitochondria and cytosol, concurrently with translocation of HSP60 and MAPK from mitochondria to cytosol, which was associated with robust phosphorylation of MAPKs in the cytosol. Moreover, TPA induced opposite phenotypical changes of HCCs, G1 cell cycle arrest, and cell migration, which were prevented by mtROS scavengers and depletion of PKCδ and HSP60. Consistently, TPA increased the migration-related genes, hydrogen peroxide inducible clone5, matrix metalloproteinase-1/3, lamininγ2, and suppressed the cell cycle regulator cyclin E1 (CCNE1) via PKCδ/mtROS/HSP60/MAPK-axis. Finally, c-jun and c-fos were required for TPA-induced expression of the migration-related genes and a novel microRNA, miR-6134, was responsible for TPA-induced suppression of CCNE1. In conclusion, PKCδ cross-talked with mtROS to trigger HSP60 oxidation for release of RKIP to activate MAPK, regulating gene expression for migration, and G1 cell cycle arrest in HCC. Targeted therapy aiming at key players like PKCδ, RKIP, and HSP60 is promising for preventing HCC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chiou-Nan Shiue
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
| | - Yen-Cheng Chen
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical foundation, Hualien, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
| | - Ming-Che Lee
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical foundation, Hualien, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
| | - Hsueh-Hui Yang
- Department of Medical Research, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, 970, Taiwan.
| | - Hsin-Hou Chang
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan; Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
| | - Chi-Tan Hu
- Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical foundation, Hualien, Taiwan; Research Centre for Hepatology, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.
| | - Pei-Chen Liao
- Department of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
| | - Lin-Ching Hui
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
| | - Ren-In You
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
| | - Wen-Sheng Wu
- Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical foundation, Hualien, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory Medicine and Biotechnology, College of Medicine, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
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Kent AC, El Baradie KBY, Hamrick MW. Targeting the Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore to Prevent Age-Associated Cell Damage and Neurodegeneration. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2021; 2021:6626484. [PMID: 33574977 PMCID: PMC7861926 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6626484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The aging process is associated with significant alterations in mitochondrial function. These changes in mitochondrial function are thought to involve increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), which over time contribute to cell death, senescence, tissue degeneration, and impaired tissue repair. The mitochondrial permeability transition pore (mPTP) is likely to play a critical role in these processes, as increased ROS activates mPTP opening, which further increases ROS production. Injury and inflammation are also thought to increase mPTP opening, and chronic, low-grade inflammation is a hallmark of aging. Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) can suppress the frequency and duration of mPTP opening; however, NAD+ levels are known to decline with age, further stimulating mPTP opening and increasing ROS release. Research on neurodegenerative diseases, particularly on Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), has uncovered significant findings regarding mPTP openings and aging. Parkinson's disease is associated with a reduction in mitochondrial complex I activity and increased oxidative damage of DNA, both of which are linked to mPTP opening and subsequent ROS release. Similarly, AD is associated with increased mPTP openings, as evidenced by amyloid-beta (Aβ) interaction with the pore regulator cyclophilin D (CypD). Targeted therapies that can reduce the frequency and duration of mPTP opening may therefore have the potential to prevent age-related declines in cell and tissue function in various systems including the central nervous system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew C. Kent
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
- University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA
| | | | - Mark W. Hamrick
- Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA
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Lange L, Hüsing T, Rauschner M, Riemann A, Thews O. The Role of MicroRNA Expression for Proliferation and Apoptosis of Tumor Cells: Impact of Hypoxia-Related Acidosis. Adv Exp Med Biol 2021; 1269:145-149. [PMID: 33966209 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-48238-1_23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The metabolic microenvironment in tumors is characterized by hypoxia and acidosis. Extracellular pH sometimes decreases to even below 6.0. Previous experiments showed that tissue pH has an impact on tumor cell proliferation and apoptosis. However, the mechanism of how cell cycle progression is affected by decreased pH is not fully understood yet. One possible mechanism includes changes in the expression of miRNAs. The aim of this study was to analyze the impact of pH-regulated miRNAs (miR-183 and miR-215) on proliferation, apoptosis, and necrosis of tumor cells. Therefore, AT1 prostate and Walker-256 mammary carcinoma cells were transfected with the miRNAs or with the respective antagomirs and incubated at pH 7.4 and 6.6 for 24 h. AT1 cells underwent a G0/G1 cell cycle arrest under acidic conditions and showed a marked reduction of the number of actively DNA-synthesizing cells. In Walker-256 cells, acidosis induced a reduction of apoptosis and additionally a significant increase in necrotic cell death. Transfection of tumor cells with miR-183 or miR-215, which were significantly downregulated under acidic conditions, had no impact on cell death of AT1 or Walker-256 cells. Overexpression of miR-183, which is also downregulated by acidosis, intensified G0/G1 cell cycle arrest in AT1 cells. Previous studies revealed that hypoxia-related tumor acidosis affects the expression of different small noncoding RNAs. However, not all of these acidosis-regulated miRNAs seem to have an impact on proliferation, apoptosis, and necrosis of tumor cells. While miR-215 had no influence, miR-183 seems to be an interesting candidate that could amplify the impact of extracellular acidosis on malignant behavior of tumor cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Lange
- Julius-Bernstein-Institute of Physiology, University of Halle, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - T Hüsing
- Julius-Bernstein-Institute of Physiology, University of Halle, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - M Rauschner
- Julius-Bernstein-Institute of Physiology, University of Halle, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Anne Riemann
- Julius-Bernstein-Institute of Physiology, University of Halle, Halle (Saale), Germany.
| | - O Thews
- Julius-Bernstein-Institute of Physiology, University of Halle, Halle (Saale), Germany
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35
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Kudsi SQ, Antoniazzi CTDD, Camponogara C, Brum EDS, Brusco I, Peres DS, Fischer SPM, Dalenogare DP, Stein CDS, Zaccaron RP, Silveira PCL, Moresco RN, Oliveira SM, Trevisan G. Characterisation of nociception and inflammation observed in a traumatic muscle injury model in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 883:173284. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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de Freitas CF, Vanzin D, Braga TL, Pellosi DS, Batistela VR, Caetano W, Hioka N. Multivariate analysis of protolytic and tautomeric equilibria of Erythrosine B and its ester derivatives in ionic and non-ionic micelles. J Mol Liq 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.113320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Hannah SS, McFadden S, McNeilly A, McClean C. "Take My Bone Away?" Hypoxia and bone: A narrative review. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:721-740. [PMID: 32643217 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
To maintain normal cellular and physiological function, sufficient oxygen is required. Recently, evidence has suggested that hypoxia, either pathological or environmental, may influence bone health. It appears that bone cells are distinctly responsive to hypoxic stimuli; for better or worse, this is still yet to be elucidated. Hypoxia has been shown to offer potentially therapeutic effects for bone by inducing an osteogenic-angiogenic response, although, others have noted excessive osteoclastic bone resorption instead. Much evidence suggests that the hypoxic-inducible pathway is integral in mediating the changes in bone metabolism. Furthermore, many factors associated with hypoxia including changes in energy metabolism, acid-base balance and the increased generation of reactive oxygen species, are known to influence bone metabolism. This review aims to examine some of the putative mechanisms responsible for hypoxic-induced alterations of bone metabolism, with regard to osteoclasts and osteoblasts, both positive and negative.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott S Hannah
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, Antrim, UK
| | - Sonyia McFadden
- Institute of Nursing and Health Research, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, Antrim, UK
| | - Andrea McNeilly
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, Antrim, UK
| | - Conor McClean
- Sport and Exercise Sciences Research Institute, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, Antrim, UK
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Abstract
The microenvironment of solid tumors is often acidic due to poor vascular perfusion, regional hypoxia, and increased glycolytic activity of tumor cells. Although acidosis is harmful to most types of cells, tumor cells seem well adapted to such harsh conditions. Moreover, overwhelming evidence indicates that tumor cells are more invasive and more aggressive in acidic conditions by a cascade of cell signaling and upregulation of oncogenic gene expression. Therefore, how extracellular acidic signals are transduced to the cytoplasm and then into the nucleus is an interesting topic to many cancer researchers. In this review, we update on the recent advances in acidosis-induced tumorigenesis through the acid-sensing ion channels (ASICs) and activation of cell signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Xiaoge Hu
- Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Diagnosis and Individualized Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital, People's Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, 310014, Zhejiang, P.R. China.,Cancer Institute and Department of Pharmacology/Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA
| | - Yin-Yuan Mo
- Cancer Institute and Department of Pharmacology/Toxicology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.
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Bissoli G, Muñoz-Bertomeu J, Bueso E, Sayas E, Vilcara EA, Felipo A, Niñoles R, Rubio L, Fernández JA, Serrano R. An Arabidopsis Mutant Over-Expressing Subtilase SBT4.13 Uncovers the Role of Oxidative Stress in the Inhibition of Growth by Intracellular Acidification. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E1173. [PMID: 32050714 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21031173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2020] [Revised: 02/04/2020] [Accepted: 02/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Intracellular acid stress inhibits plant growth by unknown mechanisms and it occurs in acidic soils and as consequence of other stresses. In order to identify mechanisms of acid toxicity, we screened activation-tagging lines of Arabidopsis thaliana for tolerance to intracellular acidification induced by organic acids. A dominant mutant, sbt4.13-1D, was isolated twice and shown to over-express subtilase SBT4.13, a protease secreted into endoplasmic reticulum. Activity measurements and immuno-detection indicate that the mutant contains less plasma membrane H+-ATPase (PMA) than wild type, explaining the small size, electrical depolarization and decreased cytosolic pH of the mutant but not organic acid tolerance. Addition of acetic acid to wild-type plantlets induces production of ROS (Reactive Oxygen Species) measured by dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate. Acid-induced ROS production is greatly decreased in sbt4.13-1D and atrboh-D,F mutants. The latter is deficient in two major NADPH oxidases (NOXs) and is tolerant to organic acids. These results suggest that intracellular acidification activates NOXs and the resulting oxidative stress is important for inhibition of growth. The inhibition of acid-activated NOXs in the sbt4.13-1D mutant compensates inhibition of PMA to increase acid tolerance.
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Pereira-Nunes A, Afonso J, Granja S, Baltazar F. Lactate and Lactate Transporters as Key Players in the Maintenance of the Warburg Effect. Adv Exp Med Biol 2020; 1219:51-74. [PMID: 32130693 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-34025-4_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Reprogramming of energy metabolism is a key hallmark of cancer. Most cancer cells display a glycolytic phenotype, with increased glucose consumption and glycolysis rates, and production of lactate as the end product, independently of oxygen concentrations. This phenomenon, known as "Warburg Effect", provides several survival advantages to cancer cells and modulates the metabolism and function of neighbour cells in the tumour microenvironment. However, due to the presence of metabolic heterogeneity within a tumour, cancer cells can also display an oxidative phenotype, and corruptible cells from the microenvironment become glycolytic, cooperating with oxidative cancer cells to boost tumour growth. This phenomenon is known as "Reverse Warburg Effect". In either way, lactate is a key mediator in the metabolic crosstalk between cancer cells and the microenvironment, and lactate transporters are expressed differentially by existing cell populations, to support this crosstalk.In this review, we will focus on lactate and on lactate transporters in distinct cells of the tumour microenvironment, aiming at a better understanding of their role in the acquisition and maintenance of the direct/reverse "Warburg effect" phenotype, which modulate cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreia Pereira-Nunes
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Julieta Afonso
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Sara Granja
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - Fátima Baltazar
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Medicine, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.
- ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal.
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Sutoo S, Maeda T, Suzuki A, Kato Y. Adaptation to chronic acidic extracellular pH elicits a sustained increase in lung cancer cell invasion and metastasis. Clin Exp Metastasis 2020; 37:133-44. [PMID: 31489536 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-019-09990-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/31/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Acidic extracellular pH (pHe) is an important microenvironment for cancer cells. This study assessed whether adaptation to acidic pHe enhances the metastatic phenotype of tumor cells. The low metastatic variant of Lewis lung carcinoma (LLCm1) cells were subjected to stepwise acidification, establishing acidic pHe-adapted (LLCm1A) cells growing exponentially at pH 6.2. These LLCm1A cells showed increased production of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), including MMP-2, -3, -9, and -13, and pulmonary metastasis following injection into mouse tail veins. Although LLCm1A cells exhibited a fibroblastic shape, keratin-5 expression was increased and α-smooth muscle actin expression was reduced. Despite serial passage of these cells at pH 7.4, high invasive activity through Matrigel® was sustained for at least 28 generations. Thus, adaptation to acidic pHe resulted in a more invasive phenotype, which was sustained during passage at pH 7.4, suggesting that an acidic microenvironment at the primary tumor site is important in the acquisition of a metastatic phenotype.
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Shin SW, Jang YD, Ko KW, Kang EY, Han JH, Bedair TM, Kim IH, Son TI, Park W, Han DK. PCL microspheres containing magnesium hydroxide for dermal filler with enhanced physicochemical and biological performances. J IND ENG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2019.07.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Nyunt T, Britton M, Wanichthanarak K, Budamagunta M, Voss JC, Wilson DW, Rutledge JC, Aung HH. Mitochondrial oxidative stress-induced transcript variants of ATF3 mediate lipotoxic brain microvascular injury. Free Radic Biol Med 2019; 143:25-46. [PMID: 31356870 PMCID: PMC6848793 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2019.07.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Revised: 06/30/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/06/2022]
Abstract
Elevation of blood triglycerides, primarily triglyceride-rich lipoproteins (TGRL), is an independent risk factor for cardiovascular disease and vascular dementia (VaD). Accumulating evidence indicates that both atherosclerosis and VaD are linked to vascular inflammation. However, the role of TGRL in vascular inflammation, which increases risk for VaD, remains largely unknown and its underlying mechanisms are still unclear. We strived to determine the effects of postprandial TGRL exposure on brain microvascular endothelial cells, the potential risk factor of vascular inflammation, resulting in VaD. We showed in Aung et al., J Lipid Res., 2016 that postprandial TGRL lipolysis products (TL) activate mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) and increase the expression of the stress-responsive protein, activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3), which injures human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) in vitro. In this study, we deployed high-throughput sequencing (HTS)-based RNA sequencing methods and mito stress and glycolytic rate assays with an Agilent Seahorse XF analyzer and profiled the differential expression of transcripts, constructed signaling pathways, and measured mitochondrial respiration, ATP production, proton leak, and glycolysis of HBMECs treated with TL. Conclusions: TL potentiate ROS by mitochondria which activate mitochondrial oxidative stress, decrease ATP production, increase mitochondrial proton leak and glycolysis rate, and mitochondria DNA damage. Additionally, CPT1A1 siRNA knockdown suppresses oxidative stress and prevents mitochondrial dysfunction and vascular inflammation in TL treated HBMECs. TL activates ATF3-MAPKinase, TNF, and NRF2 signaling pathways. Furthermore, the NRF2 signaling pathway which is upstream of the ATF3-MAPKinase signaling pathway, is also regulated by the mitochondrial oxidative stress. We are the first to report differential inflammatory characteristics of transcript variants 4 (ATF3-T4) and 5 (ATF3-T5) of the stress responsive gene ATF3 in HBMECs induced by postprandial TL. Specifically, our data indicates that ATF3-T4 predominantly regulates the TL-induced brain microvascular inflammation and TNF signaling. Both siRNAs of ATF3-T4 and ATF3-T5 suppress cells apoptosis and lipotoxic brain microvascular endothelial cells. These novel signaling pathways triggered by oxidative stress-responsive transcript variants, ATF3-T4 and ATF3-T5, in the brain microvascular inflammation induced by TGRL lipolysis products may contribute to pathophysiological processes of vascular dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tun Nyunt
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Monica Britton
- Genome Center and Bioinformatics Core Facility, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Kwanjeera Wanichthanarak
- West Coast Metabolomics Center, Genome Center, University of California Davis, Davis, CA, USA; Department of Biochemistry and Siriraj Metabolomics and Phenomics Center, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Madhu Budamagunta
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - John C Voss
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Dennis W Wilson
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - John C Rutledge
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Hnin H Aung
- Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
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Im NR, Lee DY, Kim B, Kim J, Jung KY, Kim TH, Baek SK. Role of Matrix Metalloproteinases 7 in the Pathogenesis of Laryngopharyngeal Reflux: Decreased E-cadherin in Acid exposed Primary Human Pharyngeal Epithelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20215276. [PMID: 31652949 PMCID: PMC6862869 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 10/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Cleavage of E-cadherin and the resultant weakness in the cell-cell links in the laryngeal epithelium lining is induced by exposure to acidic contents of the refluxate. Herein, we aimed to evaluate the role of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) in inducing E-cadherin level changes following acid exposure to the human pharyngeal mucosal cells. E-cadherin levels were inversely correlated with the duration of acid exposure. Treatment with actinonin, a broad MMP inhibitor, inhibited this change. Immunocytochemical staining and transepithelial permeability test revealed that the cell surface staining of E-cadherin decreased and transepithelial permeability increased after acid exposure, which was significantly inhibited by the MMP inhibitor. Among the various MMPs analyzed, the mRNA for MMP-7 in the cellular component was upregulated, and the secretion and enzymatic activity of MMP-7 in the culture media increased with the acid treatment. Consequently, MMP-7 plays a significant role in the degradation of E-cadherin after exposure to a relatively weak acidic condition that would be similar to the physiologic condition that occurs in Laryngopharyngeal reflux disease patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nu-Ri Im
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.
| | - Doh Young Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul 07061, Korea.
| | - Byoungjae Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.
- Neuroscience research institute, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.
| | - Jian Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.
| | - Kwang-Yoon Jung
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.
| | - Tae Hoon Kim
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.
| | - Seung-Kuk Baek
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea.
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45
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Mao X, Xiao X, Chen D, Yu B, He J. Tea and Its Components Prevent Cancer: A Review of the Redox-Related Mechanism. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:E5249. [PMID: 31652732 PMCID: PMC6862630 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20215249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2019] [Revised: 10/21/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer is a worldwide epidemic and represents a major threat to human health and survival. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a dual role in cancer cells, which includes both promoting and inhibiting carcinogenesis. Tea remains one of the most prevalent beverages consumed due in part to its anti- or pro-oxidative properties. The active compounds in tea, particularly tea polyphenols, can directly or indirectly scavenge ROS to reduce oncogenesis and cancerometastasis. Interestingly, the excessive levels of ROS induced by consuming tea could induce programmed cell death (PCD) or non-PCD of cancer cells. On the basis of illustrating the relationship between ROS and cancer, the current review discusses the composition and efficacy of tea including the redox-relative (including anti-oxidative and pro-oxidative activity) mechanisms and their role along with other components in preventing and treating cancer. This information will highlight the basis for the clinical utilization of tea extracts in the prevention or treatment of cancer in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangbing Mao
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 611130, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Xiangjun Xiao
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Daiwen Chen
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 611130, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Bing Yu
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 611130, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Chengdu 611130, China.
| | - Jun He
- Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Ministry of Education, Chengdu 611130, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition and Feed, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Chengdu 611130, China.
- Key Laboratory of Animal Disease-Resistance Nutrition, Chengdu 611130, China.
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46
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Altinok O, Poggio JL, Stein DE, Bowne WB, Shieh AC, Snyder NW, Orynbayeva Z. Malate-aspartate shuttle promotes l-lactate oxidation in mitochondria. J Cell Physiol 2019; 235:2569-2581. [PMID: 31490559 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.29160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Metabolism in cancer cells is rewired to generate sufficient energy equivalents and anabolic precursors to support high proliferative activity. Within the context of these competing drives aerobic glycolysis is inefficient for the cancer cellular energy economy. Therefore, many cancer types, including colon cancer, reprogram mitochondria-dependent processes to fulfill their elevated energy demands. Elevated glycolysis underlying the Warburg effect is an established signature of cancer metabolism. However, there are a growing number of studies that show that mitochondria remain highly oxidative under glycolytic conditions. We hypothesized that activities of glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation are coordinated to maintain redox compartmentalization. We investigated the role of mitochondria-associated malate-aspartate and lactate shuttles in colon cancer cells as potential regulators that couple aerobic glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation. We demonstrated that the malate-aspartate shuttle exerts control over NAD+ /NADH homeostasis to maintain activity of mitochondrial lactate dehydrogenase and to enable aerobic oxidation of glycolytic l-lactate in mitochondria. The elevated glycolysis in cancer cells is proposed to be one of the mechanisms acquired to accelerate oxidative phosphorylation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oya Altinok
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.,Department of Surgery, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Juan L Poggio
- Department of Surgery, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - David E Stein
- Department of Surgery, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Wilbur B Bowne
- Department of Surgery, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Adrian C Shieh
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Science and Health Systems, Drexel University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | | | - Zulfiya Orynbayeva
- Department of Surgery, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Hay MP, Shin HN, Wong WW, Sahimi WW, Vaz ATD, Yadav P, Anderson RF, Hicks KO, Wilson WR. Benzotriazine Di-Oxide Prodrugs for Exploiting Hypoxia and Low Extracellular pH in Tumors. Molecules 2019; 24:E2524. [PMID: 31295864 PMCID: PMC6680510 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24142524] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2019] [Revised: 07/05/2019] [Accepted: 07/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular acidification is an important feature of tumor microenvironments but has yet to be successfully exploited in cancer therapy. The reversal of the pH gradient across the plasma membrane in cells that regulate intracellular pH (pHi) has potential to drive the selective uptake of weak acids at low extracellular pH (pHe). Here, we investigate the dual targeting of low pHe and hypoxia, another key feature of tumor microenvironments. We prepared eight bioreductive prodrugs based on the benzotriazine di-oxide (BTO) nucleus by appending alkanoic or aminoalkanoic acid sidechains. The BTO acids showed modest selectivity for both low pHe (pH 6.5 versus 7.4, ratios 2 to 5-fold) and anoxia (ratios 2 to 8-fold) in SiHa and FaDu cell cultures. Related neutral BTOs were not selective for acidosis, but had greater cytotoxic potency and hypoxic selectivity than the BTO acids. Investigation of the uptake and metabolism of representative BTO acids confirmed enhanced uptake at low pHe, but lower intracellular concentrations than expected for passive diffusion. Further, the modulation of intracellular reductase activity and competition by the cell-excluded electron acceptor WST-1 suggests that the majority of metabolic reductions of BTO acids occur at the cell surface, compromising the engagement of the resulting free radicals with intracellular targets. Thus, the present study provides support for designing bioreductive prodrugs that exploit pH-dependent partitioning, suggesting, however, that that the approach should be applied to prodrugs with obligate intracellular activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael P Hay
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Symonds St, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Hong Nam Shin
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Way Wua Wong
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Wan Wan Sahimi
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Aaron T D Vaz
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Pooja Yadav
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Robert F Anderson
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Symonds St, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - Kevin O Hicks
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Symonds St, Auckland 1142, New Zealand
| | - William R Wilson
- Auckland Cancer Society Research Centre, School of Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery, University of Auckland, Symonds St, Auckland 1142, New Zealand.
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Ralph SJ, Nozuhur S, ALHulais RA, Rodríguez‐Enríquez S, Moreno‐Sánchez R. Repurposing drugs as pro‐oxidant redox modifiers to eliminate cancer stem cells and improve the treatment of advanced stage cancers. Med Res Rev 2019; 39:2397-2426. [DOI: 10.1002/med.21589] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2018] [Revised: 03/20/2019] [Accepted: 03/31/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J. Ralph
- School of Medical ScienceGriffith University Southport Australia
| | - Sam Nozuhur
- School of Medical ScienceGriffith University Southport Australia
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49
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Jagust P, de Luxán-Delgado B, Parejo-Alonso B, Sancho P. Metabolism-Based Therapeutic Strategies Targeting Cancer Stem Cells. Front Pharmacol 2019; 10:203. [PMID: 30967773 PMCID: PMC6438930 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2019.00203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2019] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer heterogeneity constitutes the major source of disease progression and therapy failure. Tumors comprise functionally diverse subpopulations, with cancer stem cells (CSCs) as the source of this heterogeneity. Since these cells bear in vivo tumorigenicity and metastatic potential, survive chemotherapy and drive relapse, its elimination may be the only way to achieve long-term survival in patients. Thanks to the great advances in the field over the last few years, we know now that cellular metabolism and stemness are highly intertwined in normal development and cancer. Indeed, CSCs show distinct metabolic features as compared with their more differentiated progenies, though their dominant metabolic phenotype varies across tumor entities, patients and even subclones within a tumor. Following initial works focused on glucose metabolism, current studies have unveiled particularities of CSC metabolism in terms of redox state, lipid metabolism and use of alternative fuels, such as amino acids or ketone bodies. In this review, we describe the different metabolic phenotypes attributed to CSCs with special focus on metabolism-based therapeutic strategies tested in preclinical and clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Jagust
- Centre for Stem Cells in Cancer and Ageing, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Beatriz de Luxán-Delgado
- Centre for Stem Cells in Cancer and Ageing, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Beatriz Parejo-Alonso
- Traslational Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Aragon Institute for Health Research (IIS Aragon), Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Patricia Sancho
- Centre for Stem Cells in Cancer and Ageing, Barts Cancer Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom.,Traslational Research Unit, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, Aragon Institute for Health Research (IIS Aragon), Zaragoza, Spain
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50
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Riemann A, Reime S, Wollny P, Sangerhausen C, Gekle M, Thews O. Expression of MicroRNAs in Fibroblasts and Macrophages Is Regulated by Hypoxia-Induced Extracellular Acidosis. Adv Exp Med Biol 2019; 1072:207-211. [PMID: 30178347 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-91287-5_33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Under pathological conditions like inflammation, ischemia or in solid tumors, parameters of the microenvironment like local oxygenation and extracellular pH show marked changes when compared to healthy tissue. The altered microenvironment affects cellular phenotype of omnipresent fibroblasts and immune cells. Recently, the impact of the microenvironment on the expression patterns of microRNAs, small non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression on a post-transcriptional level, was discussed. Therefore, microRNAs might be the link between altered microenvironmental parameters and changes in cellular phenotype. In this study, the effect of hypoxia-induced extracellular acidosis (24 h pH 6.6) on microRNA expression in fibroblasts and macrophages was analyzed. MicroRNAs in rat fibroblasts (NRK-49F) were examined with the miScript miRNA PCR Array and changes in the expression validated by TaqMan qPCR. Subsequently, the identified microRNAs were analyzed in RAW 264.7 mouse macrophages. Nine out of 84 tested microRNAs were found to be acidosis-regulated in fibroblasts by miRNA PCR array, most of them up-regulated. Of those, the pH dependency could be validated by TaqMan qPCR for five of these nine microRNAs. When comparing these microRNAs in terms of their expression in macrophages, profound differences were observed. Thus, acidosis-induced alterations in the expression of microRNAs seem to be cell-type specific. Only the up-regulation of the miR-133b by low pH was seen in all normal cells, but not in tumor cells. As the identified microRNAs are involved in the regulation of proliferation, cell death and migration (amongst others), acidosis-induced changes in their expression might affect cellular behavior of fibroblasts and macrophages under pathological conditions. For instance the proto-oncogene c-Jun, which is a target of the miR-133b, was shown to be acidosis-regulated. Acidosis could regulate the biological behavior via miRNA-133b and c-Jun.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Riemann
- Julius Bernstein Institute of Physiology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany.
| | - S Reime
- Julius Bernstein Institute of Physiology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - P Wollny
- Julius Bernstein Institute of Physiology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - C Sangerhausen
- Julius Bernstein Institute of Physiology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - M Gekle
- Julius Bernstein Institute of Physiology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
| | - O Thews
- Julius Bernstein Institute of Physiology, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany
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