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Ferro A, Marinato GM, Mulargiu C, Marino M, Pasello G, Guarneri V, Bonanno L. The study of primary and acquired resistance to first-line osimertinib to improve the outcome of EGFR-mutated advanced Non-small cell lung cancer patients: the challenge is open for new therapeutic strategies. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2024; 196:104295. [PMID: 38382773 DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2024.104295] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of targeted therapy in epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients has radically changed their clinical perspectives. Current first-line standard treatment for advanced disease is commonly considered third-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI), osimertinib. The study of primary and acquired resistance to front-line osimertinib is one of the main burning issues to further improve patients' outcome. Great heterogeneity has been depicted in terms of duration of clinical benefit and pattern of progression and this might be related to molecular factors including subtypes of EGFR mutations and concomitant genetic alterations. Acquired resistance can be categorized into two main classes: EGFR-dependent and EGFR-independent mechanisms and specific pattern of progression to first-line osimertinib have been demonstrated. The purpose of the manuscript is to provide a comprehensive overview of literature about molecular resistance mechanisms to first-line osimertinib, from a clinical perspective and therefore in relationship to emerging therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Ferro
- Medical Oncology 2, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy
| | - Gian Marco Marinato
- Medical Oncology 2, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy; Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Cristiana Mulargiu
- Medical Oncology 2, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy; Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Monica Marino
- Medical Oncology 2, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy; Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Giulia Pasello
- Medical Oncology 2, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy; Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Valentina Guarneri
- Medical Oncology 2, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy; Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy
| | - Laura Bonanno
- Medical Oncology 2, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV - IRCCS, Padua, Italy; Department of Surgery, Oncology and Gastroenterology, University of Padova, Padua, Italy.
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2
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Sun J, Xu Z, Mao Y, Zhang T, Qin Y, Hua D. Prognostic role of oxytocin receptor in colon adenocarcinoma. Open Med (Wars) 2021; 16:1762-1776. [PMID: 34877409 PMCID: PMC8610102 DOI: 10.1515/med-2021-0387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The oxytocin receptor (OXTR) is directly involved in the pathological mechanisms of multiple cancers, including breast cancer, prostate cancer, and ovarian cancer; however, the role of OXTR in the modulation of colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) growth, metastasis, and clinical prognosis remains to be elucidated. This study used systematic bioinformatics analysis to explore the effects of OXTR on modulating COAD growth and prognosis in patients with COAD. Compared with normal tissues, OXTR mRNA level was higher in COAD tissues, which was associated with tumor progression. Elevated mRNA level of OXTR also indicated a poor prognosis in COAD patients. Furthermore, high mRNA level of OXTR was significantly associated with pathways involved in cell cycle regulation and signal transduction pathways, including the hedgehog, mTOR, TGF-β, and Wnt signaling pathways. OXTR expression was significantly correlated with the infiltration level of type 2T helper cell, central memory CD8 T cell, CD56 bright natural killer cell, activated CD8 T cell, activated B cell, and Type 1T helper cell. Moreover, silencing OXTR inhibited cell proliferation, migration, and invasion, and arrested the cell cycle. In conclusion, high mRNA level of OXTR indicates poor prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Sun
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, P. R. China.,Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, No. 200, Huihe Road, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Zhenyu Xu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, P. R. China.,Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, No. 200, Huihe Road, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Yong Mao
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, No. 200, Huihe Road, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Ting Zhang
- Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, No. 200, Huihe Road, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Yan Qin
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, No. 200, Huihe Road, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Dong Hua
- Department of Oncology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, Jiangsu, P. R. China.,Department of Oncology, The Affiliated Wuxi People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 299, Qingyang Road, Wuxi, 214000, Jiangsu, P. R. China
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3
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Mollaei M, Hassan ZM, Khorshidi F, Langroudi L. Chemotherapeutic drugs: Cell death- and resistance-related signaling pathways. Are they really as smart as the tumor cells? Transl Oncol 2021; 14:101056. [PMID: 33684837 PMCID: PMC7938256 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranon.2021.101056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 02/05/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapeutic drugs kill cancer cells or control their progression all over the patient's body, while radiation- and surgery-based treatments perform in a particular site. Based on their mechanisms of action, they are classified into different groups, including alkylating substrates, antimetabolite agents, anti-tumor antibiotics, inhibitors of topoisomerase I and II, mitotic inhibitors, and finally, corticosteroids. Although chemotherapeutic drugs have brought about more life expectancy, two major and severe complications during chemotherapy are chemoresistance and tumor relapse. Therefore, we aimed to review the underlying intracellular signaling pathways involved in cell death and resistance in different chemotherapeutic drug families to clarify the shortcomings in the conventional single chemotherapy applications. Moreover, we have summarized the current combination chemotherapy applications, including numerous combined-, and encapsulated-combined-chemotherapeutic drugs. We further discussed the possibilities and applications of precision medicine, machine learning, next-generation sequencing (NGS), and whole-exome sequencing (WES) in promoting cancer immunotherapies. Finally, some of the recent clinical trials concerning the application of immunotherapies and combination chemotherapies were included as well, in order to provide a practical perspective toward the future of therapies in cancer cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojtaba Mollaei
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
| | | | - Fatemeh Khorshidi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Immunology, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ladan Langroudi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
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4
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Jiang Y, Zhuo X, Fu X, Wu Y, Mao C. Targeting PAR2 Overcomes Gefitinib Resistance in Non-Small-Cell Lung Cancer Cells Through Inhibition of EGFR Transactivation. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:625289. [PMID: 33967759 PMCID: PMC8100583 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.625289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance can notably restrict clinical applications of gefitinib that is a commonly used EGFR-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The attempts in exploring novel drug targets and reversal strategies are still needed, since gefitinib resistance has not been fully addressed. Protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2), a G protein-coupled receptor, possesses a transactivation with EGFR to initiate a variety of intracellular signal transductions, but there is a lack of investigations on the role of PAR2 in gefitinib resistance. This study established that protease-activated receptor 2 (PAR2), actively participated in NSCLC resistant to gefitinib. PAR2 expression was significantly up-regulated when NSCLC cells or tumor tissues became gefitinib resistance. PAR2 inhibition notably enhanced gefitinib to modulate EGFR transactivation, cell viability, migration and apoptosis in gefitinib-sensitive and-resistant NSCLC cells, suggesting its reversal effects in gefitinib resistance. Meanwhile, the combination of a PAR2 inhibitor (P2pal-18S) and gefitinib largely blocked ERK phosphorylation and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) compared to gefitinib alone. Importantly, we probed its underlying mechanism and uncovered that PAR2 blockade sensitized gefitinib and reversed its resistance mainly via β-arrestin-EGFR-ERK signaling axis. These effects of PAR2 inhibition were further confirmed by the in vivo study which showed that P2pal-18S reactivated gefitinib to inhibit tumor growth via restricting ERK activation. Taken together, this study could not only reveal a new mechanism of receptor-mediated transactivation to modulate drug resistance, but also provide a novel drug target and direction for overcoming gefitinib resistance in NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuhong Jiang
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xin Zhuo
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiujuan Fu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yue Wu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
| | - Canquan Mao
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu, China
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Chawla S, Samydurai S, Kong SL, Wu Z, Wang Z, Tam WL, Sengupta D, Kumar V. UniPath: a uniform approach for pathway and gene-set based analysis of heterogeneity in single-cell epigenome and transcriptome profiles. Nucleic Acids Res 2021; 49:e13. [PMID: 33275158 PMCID: PMC7897496 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa1138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 10/03/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent advances in single-cell open-chromatin and transcriptome profiling have created a challenge of exploring novel applications with a meaningful transformation of read-counts, which often have high variability in noise and drop-out among cells. Here, we introduce UniPath, for representing single-cells using pathway and gene-set enrichment scores by a transformation of their open-chromatin or gene-expression profiles. The robust statistical approach of UniPath provides high accuracy, consistency and scalability in estimating gene-set enrichment scores for every cell. Its framework provides an easy solution for handling variability in drop-out rate, which can sometimes create artefact due to systematic patterns. UniPath provides an alternative approach of dimension reduction of single-cell open-chromatin profiles. UniPath's approach of predicting temporal-order of single-cells using their pathway enrichment scores enables suppression of covariates to achieve correct order of cells. Analysis of mouse cell atlas using our approach yielded surprising, albeit biologically-meaningful co-clustering of cell-types from distant organs. By enabling an unconventional method of exploiting pathway co-occurrence to compare two groups of cells, our approach also proves to be useful in inferring context-specific regulations in cancer cells. Available at https://reggenlab.github.io/UniPathWeb/.
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Affiliation(s)
- Smriti Chawla
- Department for Computational Biology, Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology, Delhi 110020, India
| | - Sudhagar Samydurai
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Say Li Kong
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhengwei Wu
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Zhenxun Wang
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wai Leong Tam
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore.,Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Debarka Sengupta
- Department for Computational Biology, Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology, Delhi 110020, India.,Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology, New Delhi, India.,Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia.,Centre for Artificial Intelligence, Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology, New Delhi, India
| | - Vibhor Kumar
- Department for Computational Biology, Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology, Delhi 110020, India.,Genome Institute of Singapore, Agency for Science Technology and Research, Singapore, Singapore
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6
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Kumari N, Reabroi S, North BJ. Unraveling the Molecular Nexus between GPCRs, ERS, and EMT. Mediators Inflamm 2021; 2021:6655417. [PMID: 33746610 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6655417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2020] [Revised: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) represent a large family of transmembrane proteins that transduce an external stimulus into a variety of cellular responses. They play a critical role in various pathological conditions in humans, including cancer, by regulating a number of key processes involved in tumor formation and progression. The epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a fundamental process in promoting cancer cell invasion and tumor dissemination leading to metastasis, an often intractable state of the disease. Uncontrolled proliferation and persistent metabolism of cancer cells also induce oxidative stress, hypoxia, and depletion of growth factors and nutrients. These disturbances lead to the accumulation of misfolded proteins in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and induce a cellular condition called ER stress (ERS) which is counteracted by activation of the unfolded protein response (UPR). Many GPCRs modulate ERS and UPR signaling via ERS sensors, IRE1α, PERK, and ATF6, to support cancer cell survival and inhibit cell death. By regulating downstream signaling pathways such as NF-κB, MAPK/ERK, PI3K/AKT, TGF-β, and Wnt/β-catenin, GPCRs also upregulate mesenchymal transcription factors including Snail, ZEB, and Twist superfamilies which regulate cell polarity, cytoskeleton remodeling, migration, and invasion. Likewise, ERS-induced UPR upregulates gene transcription and expression of proteins related to EMT enhancing tumor aggressiveness. Though GPCRs are attractive therapeutic targets in cancer biology, much less is known about their roles in regulating ERS and EMT. Here, we will discuss the interplay in GPCR-ERS linked to the EMT process of cancer cells, with a particular focus on oncogenes and molecular signaling pathways.
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7
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Suresh R, Subramaniam V. Molecular dynamics simulation involved in expounding the activation of adrenoceptors by sympathetic nervous system signaling. Struct Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s11224-020-01553-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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8
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Wang Q, Zhang T, Chang X, Wang K, Lee MH, Ma WY, Liu K, Dong Z. Targeting Opsin4/Melanopsin with a Novel Small Molecule Suppresses PKC/RAF/MEK/ERK Signaling and Inhibits Lung Adenocarcinoma Progression. Mol Cancer Res 2020; 18:1028-1038. [PMID: 32269074 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-19-1120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2019] [Revised: 02/17/2020] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The identification of oncogenic biomolecules as drug targets is an unmet need for the development of clinically effective novel anticancer therapies. In this study, we report for the first time that opsin 4/melanopsin (OPN4) plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and is a potential drug target. Our study has revealed that OPN4 is overexpressed in human lung cancer tissues and cells, and is inversely correlated with patient survival probability. Knocking down expression of OPN4 suppressed cells growth and induced apoptosis in lung cancer cells. We have also found that OPN4, a G protein-coupled receptor, interacted with Gα11 and triggered the PKC/BRAF/MEK/ERKs signaling pathway in lung adenocarcinoma cells. Genetic ablation of OPN4 attenuated the multiplicity and the volume of urethane-induced lung tumors in mice. Importantly, our study provides the first report of AE 51310 (1-[(2,5-dichloro-4-methoxyphenyl)sulfonyl]-3-methylpiperidine) as a small-molecule inhibitor of OPN4, suppressed the anchorage-independent growth of lung cancer cells and the growth of patient-derived xenograft tumors in mice. IMPLICATIONS: Overall, this study unveils the role of OPN4 in NSCLC and suggests that targeting OPN4 with small molecules, such as AE 51310 would be interesting to develop novel anticancer therapies for lung adenocarcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiushi Wang
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Tianshun Zhang
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Xiaoyu Chang
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Keke Wang
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota.,The China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Mee-Hyun Lee
- The China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Wei-Ya Ma
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota
| | - Kangdong Liu
- The China-US (Henan) Hormel Cancer Institute, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zigang Dong
- The Hormel Institute, University of Minnesota, Austin, Minnesota. .,Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
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9
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Lee L, Ramos-Alvarez I, Moody TW, Mantey SA, Jensen RT. Neuropeptide bombesin receptor activation stimulates growth of lung cancer cells through HER3 with a MAPK-dependent mechanism. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Res 2019; 1867:118625. [PMID: 31862538 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamcr.2019.118625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2019] [Revised: 10/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Despite recent advances in treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), prognosis still remains poor and new therapeutic approaches are needed. Studies demonstrate the importance of the EGFR/HER-receptor family in NSCLC growth, as well as that of other tumors. Recently, HER3 is receiving increased attention because of its role in drug resistance and aggressive growth. Activation of overexpressed G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) can also initiate growth by transactivating EGFR/HER-family members. GPCR transactivation of EGFR has been extensively studied, but little is known of its ability to transactivate other EGFR/HER-members, especially HER3. To address this, we studied the ability of bombesin receptor (BnR) activation to transactivate all EGFR/HER-family members and their principal downstream signaling cascades, the PI3K/Akt- and MAPK/ERK-pathways, in human NSCLC cell-lines. In all three cell-lines studied, which possessed EGFR, HER2 and HER3, Bn rapidly transactivated EGFR, HER2 and HER3, as well as Akt and ERK. Immunoprecipitation studies revealed Bn-induced formation of both HER3/EGFR- and HER3/HER2-heterodimers. Specific EGFR/HER3 antibodies or siRNA-knockdown of EGFR and HER3, demonstrated Bn-stimulated activation of EGFR/HER members is initially through HER3, not EGFR. In addition, specific inhibition of HER3, HER2 or MAPK, abolished Bn-stimulated cell-growth, while neither EGFR nor Akt inhibition had an effect. These results show HER3 transactivation mediates all growth effects of BnR activation through MAPK. These results raise the possibility that targeting HER3 alone or with GPCR activation and its signal cascades, may be a novel therapeutic approach in NSCLC. This is especially relevant with the recent development of HER3-blocking antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingaku Lee
- Digestive Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Irene Ramos-Alvarez
- Digestive Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Terry W Moody
- Department of Health and Human Services, National Cancer Institute, Center for Cancer Research, Office of the Director, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Samuel A Mantey
- Digestive Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Robert T Jensen
- Digestive Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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10
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Wang W, Wang S, Chu X, Liu H, Xiang M. Predicting the Lung Squamous Cell Carcinoma Diagnosis and Prognosis Markers by Unique DNA Methylation and Gene Expression Profiles. J Comput Biol 2019; 27:1041-1054. [PMID: 31710242 DOI: 10.1089/cmb.2019.0138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The early diagnosis of lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) is difficult, causing an unsatisfactory prognosis. Therefore, the 5-year survival rate of LUSC is poor. This study aimed at screening the potential diagnostic and prognostic markers for LUSC. The data of LUSC gene expression profiles and DNA methylation were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database; the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and the differentially methylated genes (DMGs) were screened out by an independent t-test and Benjamini/Hochberg methods. Further, the classifiers of the gene expression and DNA methylation markers in LUSC were constructed. After that, diagnostic and prognostic markers in LUSC were analyzed by the protein-protein interaction (PPI) network. The DEGs and the DMGs from TCGA database of LUSC were screened out. After strict filtration, we identified three potential DMGs (POU domain, class 4, transcription factor 2 [POU4F2], EN1, single-minded homolog 1 [SIM1]) for early diagnosis and seven potential DEGs (G-protein coupled receptor 78 [GPR78], PCDHA5, myosin binding protein H [MYBPH], RTL3, KIAA0408, HSD3B2, PCDHA12) for prognosis of LUSC. The tumor-normal tissue classification model and prognosis model were validated in two independent datasets. In addition, the PPI network was constructed, including three DMGs and the five DEGs (GPR78, MYBPH, KIAA0408, HSD3B2, PCDHA12) of the seven DEGs. The potential DMGs (POU4F2, EN1, SIM1) and DEGs (GPR78, MYBPH, KIAA0408, HSD3B2, PCDHA12) for the diagnosis and prognosis of LUSC identified in this article are expected to be further applied in clinical practice of the treatment of LUSC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiqing Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Shaohua Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiao Chu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Ming Xiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, China
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11
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He Z, Yu L, Luo S, Li Q, Huang S, An Y. RGS4 Regulates Proliferation And Apoptosis Of NSCLC Cells Via microRNA-16 And Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor. Onco Targets Ther 2019; 12:8701-8714. [PMID: 31695428 PMCID: PMC6821062 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s221657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Regulator of G-protein signaling (RGS) proteins are GTPase-activating proteins that target the α-subunit of heterotrimeric G proteins. Many studies have shown that RGS proteins contribute to tumorigenesis and metastasis. However, the mechanism in which RGS proteins, especially RGS4, affect the development of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. The aim of this study was to characterize the role of RGS4 in NSCLC. Methods RGS4 expression in NSCLC tissues was assessed using an immunohistochemistry tissue microarray. Additionally, RGS4 was knocked down using short-hairpin RNA to assess the regulatory function of RGS4 in the biological behaviors of human NSCLC cell lines. A xenograft lung cancer model in nude BALB/c mice was established to study whether RGS4 knockdown inhibits cancer cell proliferation in vivo. Results We observed an increase in RGS4 protein levels in NSCLC samples. RGS4 knockdown inhibited cell proliferation and induced apoptosis in H1299 and PC9 cell lines, but did not affect cell migration. Moreover, we found that RGS4 negatively regulated the expression of microRNA-16 (miR-16), a tumor suppressor. The inhibition of miR-16 resulted in upregulated RGS4 expression. We also found that RGS4 regulated the expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and activated the BDNF-tropomyosin receptor kinase B signaling pathway. Conclusion This study revealed that RGS4 overexpression positively correlated with the development of NSCLC. TDownstream RGS4 targets (eg, miR-16 and BDNF) might be involved in the development of NSCLC and may serve as potential therapeutic targets for its treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zheng He
- Biotechnology Department, Beijing Center for Physical and Chemical Analysis, Beijing 100094, People's Republic of China.,Department of Clinical Laboratory, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Lianhua Yu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Taizhou Municipal Hospital, Taizhou 318000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiyi Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces and Department of Chemistry College and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, People's Republic of China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Xiyuan Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100091, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuhong Huang
- Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250062, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunhe An
- Biotechnology Department, Beijing Center for Physical and Chemical Analysis, Beijing 100094, People's Republic of China
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12
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Lan L, Wang H, Yang R, Liu F, Bi Q, Wang S, Wei X, Yan H, Su R. R2-8018 reduces the proliferation and migration of non-small cell lung cancer cells by disturbing transactivation between M3R and EGFR. Life Sci 2019; 234:116742. [PMID: 31401315 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.116742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
AIMS The M3 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (M3R) is a G protein-coupled receptor that is expressed in cases of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Previous studies demonstrated that M3R antagonists reduce the proliferation of NSCLC. However, how antagonists inhibit the NSCLC proliferation and migration is still little known. This study aims to investigate the mechanism of M3R involved in the growth of NSCLC. MAIN METHODS The CRISPR/Cas9 was used to knock out (KO) the M3R gene. A real-time cell analyzer (RTCA) was used to record the proliferation of NSCLC cells. The migration and cell cycle of NSCLC cells were evaluated with scratch test and flow cytometry (FCM), respectively. Antibody microarray analysis was performed to detect the expression of proteins after antagonizing M3R and knocking out of M3R, subsequently some of these important proteins were verified by western blot. KEY FINDINGS The proliferation and migration of NSCLC cells were inhibited by M3R antagonist R2-8018 and knocking out of M3R. Antagonism or knocking out of M3R reduced the phosphorylation of EGFR. Moreover, c-Src and β-arrestin-1 are involved in the mechanism of how the inhibition of M3R affects EGFR in NSCLC. Further study demonstrated that PI3K/AKT and MEK/ERK signal pathways are involved in M3R-induced EGFR transactivation in NSCLC, and the molecules involved in the cell cycle progression and migration of NSCLC cells were identified. SIGNIFICANCE This further understanding of the relationship between M3R and NSCLC facilitates the design of therapeutic strategy with M3R antagonist as an adjuvant drug for NSCLC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liting Lan
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Department of Biochemical Pharmacology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27th Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Hua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Department of Biochemical Pharmacology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27th Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China; 69242 Force Health Center, No. 1, Hongxing Road, Turpan, Xinjiang 838000, China
| | - Rui Yang
- National Institutes for Food and Drug Control, No. 31, Huatuo Road, Daxing District, Beijing 102629, China
| | - Fengqi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Department of Biochemical Pharmacology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27th Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China; Department of Medical Laboratory, Changzhi Medical College, No.161 Jiefang East Street, Changzhi, Shanxi, 046000, China
| | - Qingshang Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Department of Biochemical Pharmacology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27th Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China; Department of Medical Laboratory, Changzhi Medical College, No.161 Jiefang East Street, Changzhi, Shanxi, 046000, China
| | - Shiqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Department of Biochemical Pharmacology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27th Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China; Center for Drug Evaluation, NMPA. No. 128, Jianguo Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing 100022, China
| | - Xiaoli Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Department of Biochemical Pharmacology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27th Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Haitao Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Department of Biochemical Pharmacology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27th Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China.
| | - Ruibin Su
- State Key Laboratory of Toxicology and Medical Countermeasures, Beijing Key Laboratory of Neuropsychopharmacology, Department of Biochemical Pharmacology, Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, 27th Taiping Road, Beijing 100850, China.
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13
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Becker JH, Gao Y, Soucheray M, Pulido I, Kikuchi E, Rodríguez ML, Gandhi R, Lafuente-Sanchis A, Aupí M, Alcácer Fernández-Coronado J, Martín-Martorell P, Cremades A, Galbis-Caravajal JM, Alcácer J, Christensen CL, Simms P, Hess A, Asahina H, Kahle MP, Al-Shahrour F, Borgia JA, Lahoz A, Insa A, Juan O, Jänne PA, Wong KK, Carretero J, Shimamura T. CXCR7 Reactivates ERK Signaling to Promote Resistance to EGFR Kinase Inhibitors in NSCLC. Cancer Res 2019; 79:4439-4452. [PMID: 31273063 DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-19-0024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2019] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Although EGFR mutant-selective tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) are clinically effective, acquired resistance can occur by reactivating ERK. We show using in vitro models of acquired EGFR TKI resistance with a mesenchymal phenotype that CXCR7, an atypical G protein-coupled receptor, activates the MAPK-ERK pathway via β-arrestin. Depletion of CXCR7 inhibited the MAPK pathway, significantly attenuated EGFR TKI resistance, and resulted in mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition. CXCR7 overexpression was essential in reactivation of ERK1/2 for the generation of EGFR TKI-resistant persister cells. Many patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) harboring an EGFR kinase domain mutation, who progressed on EGFR inhibitors, demonstrated increased CXCR7 expression. These data suggest that CXCR7 inhibition could considerably delay and prevent the emergence of acquired EGFR TKI resistance in EGFR-mutant NSCLC. SIGNIFICANCE: Increased expression of the chemokine receptor CXCR7 constitutes a mechanism of resistance to EGFR TKI in patients with non-small cell lung cancer through reactivation of ERK signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey H Becker
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.,University of Illinois Hospital & Health Sciences System Cancer Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Loyola University Chicago, Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois
| | - Yandi Gao
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Loyola University Chicago, Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois
| | - Margaret Soucheray
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Loyola University Chicago, Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois
| | - Ines Pulido
- Departament de Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Eiki Kikuchi
- First department of Medicine, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - María L Rodríguez
- Departament de Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain
| | - Rutu Gandhi
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Loyola University Chicago, Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois
| | | | - Miguel Aupí
- Departament de Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain
| | | | | | - Antonio Cremades
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Universitario de la Ribera, Alzira, Valencia, Spain
| | - José M Galbis-Caravajal
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hospital Universitario de la Ribera, Alzira, Valencia, Spain
| | - Javier Alcácer
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Quirónsalud Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Camilla L Christensen
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Belfer Institute for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Ludwig Center, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Patricia Simms
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Loyola University Chicago, Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois
| | - Ashley Hess
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Loyola University Chicago, Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois
| | - Hajime Asahina
- First department of Medicine, Hokkaido University Hospital, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan
| | - Michael P Kahle
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Loyola University Chicago, Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois
| | - Fatima Al-Shahrour
- Bioinformatics Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jeffrey A Borgia
- Department of Cell & Molecular Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois
| | - Agustín Lahoz
- Biomarkers and Precision Medicine Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Amelia Insa
- Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | - Oscar Juan
- Biomarkers and Precision Medicine Unit, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Fe, Valencia, Spain.,Department of Medical Oncology, Hospital Universitari I Politècnic La Fe, Valencia, Spain
| | - Pasi A Jänne
- Department of Medical Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Belfer Institute for Applied Cancer Science, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Lowe Center for Thoracic Oncology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, Massachusetts.,Bioinformatics Unit, Spanish National Cancer Research Centre, Madrid, Spain
| | - Kwok-Kin Wong
- Laura and Isaac Perlmutter Cancer Center, Division of Hematology and Medical Oncology, New York University, New York, New York
| | - Julian Carretero
- Departament de Fisiologia, Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de València, Burjassot, Spain.
| | - Takeshi Shimamura
- Department of Surgery, Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois. .,University of Illinois Hospital & Health Sciences System Cancer Center, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.,Department of Molecular Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Loyola University Chicago, Stritch School of Medicine, Maywood, Illinois
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14
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Vigano S, Alatzoglou D, Irving M, Ménétrier-Caux C, Caux C, Romero P, Coukos G. Targeting Adenosine in Cancer Immunotherapy to Enhance T-Cell Function. Front Immunol 2019; 10:925. [PMID: 31244820 PMCID: PMC6562565 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.00925] [Citation(s) in RCA: 252] [Impact Index Per Article: 50.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2019] [Accepted: 04/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
T cells play a critical role in cancer control, but a range of potent immunosuppressive mechanisms can be upregulated in the tumor microenvironment (TME) to abrogate their activity. While various immunotherapies (IMTs) aiming at re-invigorating the T-cell-mediated anti-tumor response, such as immune checkpoint blockade (ICB), and the adoptive cell transfer (ACT) of natural or gene-engineered ex vivo expanded tumor-specific T cells, have led to unprecedented clinical responses, only a small proportion of cancer patients benefit from these treatments. Important research efforts are thus underway to identify biomarkers of response, as well as to develop personalized combinatorial approaches that can target other inhibitory mechanisms at play in the TME. In recent years, adenosinergic signaling has emerged as a powerful immuno-metabolic checkpoint in tumors. Like several other barriers in the TME, such as the PD-1/PDL-1 axis, CTLA-4, and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO-1), adenosine plays important physiologic roles, but has been co-opted by tumors to promote their growth and impair immunity. Several agents counteracting the adenosine axis have been developed, and pre-clinical studies have demonstrated important anti-tumor activity, alone and in combination with other IMTs including ICB and ACT. Here we review the regulation of adenosine levels and mechanisms by which it promotes tumor growth and broadly suppresses protective immunity, with extra focus on the attenuation of T cell function. Finally, we present an overview of promising pre-clinical and clinical approaches being explored for blocking the adenosine axis for enhanced control of solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Selena Vigano
- Department of Oncology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Dimitrios Alatzoglou
- Department of Oncology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Melita Irving
- Department of Oncology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Christine Ménétrier-Caux
- Department of Immunology Virology and Inflammation, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, University of Lyon, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Christophe Caux
- Department of Immunology Virology and Inflammation, INSERM 1052, CNRS 5286, Léon Bérard Cancer Center, Cancer Research Center of Lyon, University of Lyon, University Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Lyon, France
| | - Pedro Romero
- Department of Oncology, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - George Coukos
- Department of Oncology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research Lausanne, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
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15
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Li X, Zhao X, Li C, Liu S, Yan F, Teng Y, Feng J, Miao D. Inhibitor of ghrelin receptor reverses gefitinib resistance in lung cancer. Hum Cell 2019; 32:360-366. [PMID: 31020605 DOI: 10.1007/s13577-019-00245-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Gefitinib is the first-generation EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI), which is used in the treatment of NCSLC patients through interrupting EGFR signaling pathway. Although gefitinib prolongs patients' progression-free survival (PFS), acquired resistance occurs in advanced NSCLC patients. In this study, we mainly investigated the effects of antagonist for ghrelin-R (D-lys-3-GHRP-6) on conquering acquired gefitinib resistance in human lung cancer cells. We found that GHSR was overexpressed in our established HCC827/GR cells compared with parental cells, accompanied with increase of p-AKT and p-ERK1/2. Treatment of D-lys-3-GHRP-6 significantly decreased p-AKT and p-ERK1/2 expression in HCC827/GR cells. H1650 cells and HCC827/GR cells were treated with control, gefitinib, D-lys-3-GHRP-6 and D-lys-3-GHRP-6 + gefitinib, respectively. In H1650 and HCC827/GR cells, combination of D-lys-3-GHRP-6 and gefitinib significantly inhibited cell proliferation and Bcl2 protein level, induced the cell apoptosis and cleaved-caspase3 protein level compared with control group, while there was no significant difference between control and gefitinib group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyou Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Xia Zhao
- Department of Oncology, First People's Hospital, Yancheng, Fourth Affiliated Hospital, Nantong University, Yancheng, 224001, China
| | - Chenchen Li
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Siwen Liu
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Fei Yan
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Yue Teng
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, 210000, China
| | - Jifeng Feng
- Department of Medical Oncology, The Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Nanjing Medical University & Jiangsu Cancer Hospital & Jiangsu Institute of Cancer Research, Nanjing, 210000, China.
| | - Dengshun Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Medicine, The Research Center for Bone and Stem Cells, Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Nanjing Medical University, No. 101 Longmian Road, Nanjing, 210000, China.
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16
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Arakaki AKS, Pan WA, Trejo J. GPCRs in Cancer: Protease-Activated Receptors, Endocytic Adaptors and Signaling. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19071886. [PMID: 29954076 PMCID: PMC6073120 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19071886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are a large diverse family of cell surface signaling receptors implicated in various types of cancers. Several studies indicate that GPCRs control many aspects of cancer progression including tumor growth, invasion, migration, survival and metastasis. While it is known that GPCR activity can be altered in cancer through aberrant overexpression, gain-of-function activating mutations, and increased production and secretion of agonists, the precise mechanisms of how GPCRs contribute to cancer progression remains elusive. Protease-activated receptors (PARs) are a unique class of GPCRs implicated in cancer. PARs are a subfamily of GPCRs comprised of four members that are irreversibly activated by proteolytic cleavage induced by various proteases generated in the tumor microenvironment. Given the unusual proteolytic irreversible activation of PARs, expression of receptors at the cell surface is a key feature that influences signaling responses and is exquisitely controlled by endocytic adaptor proteins. Here, we discuss new survey data from the Cancer Genome Atlas and the Genotype-Tissue Expression projects analysis of expression of all PAR family member expression in human tumor samples as well as the role and function of the endocytic sorting machinery that controls PAR expression and signaling of PARs in normal cells and in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleena K S Arakaki
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, School of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92093, USA.
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92093, USA.
| | - Wen-An Pan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92093, USA.
| | - JoAnn Trejo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, La Jolla, San Diego, CA 92093, USA.
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17
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Inoue Y, Yoshimura K, Kurabe N, Kahyo T, Kawase A, Tanahashi M, Ogawa H, Inui N, Funai K, Shinmura K, Niwa H, Suda T, Sugimura H. Prognostic impact of CD73 and A2A adenosine receptor expression in non-small-cell lung cancer. Oncotarget 2018; 8:8738-8751. [PMID: 28060732 PMCID: PMC5352437 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
In immune cells, CD73 dephosphorylates and converts extracellular AMP into adenosine, which binds the A2A adenosine receptor (A2AR). Blockade of this interaction, which induces an immunosuppressed niche in the tumor microenvironment, represents a potential novel treatment strategy. The clinical significance of CD73 and A2AR expression in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC), however, has yet to be thoroughly investigated. Here we evaluated CD73 and A2AR protein expression levels using immunohistochemistry in tissue microarrays containing 642 resected NSCLC specimens. Furthermore, we compared the expression profiles of 133 paired primary tumors and lymph node metastases. CD73 and A2AR expression levels were significantly higher in females than in males, in never smokers than in ever smokers, and in adenocarcinomas than in squamous cell carcinomas. Among adenocarcinomas, significantly higher CD73 and A2AR expression was observed in TTF-1-positive and mutant EGFR-positive tumors than in their counterparts. Compared with CD73, A2AR expression was more inconsistent between primary tumors and lymph node metastases. Among NSCLC patients, high CD73 expression was an independent indicator of poor prognosis in multivariate Cox regression analyses for overall survival [hazard ratio (HR), 2.18; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.38–3.46] and recurrence-free survival (HR, 2.05; 95% CI, 1.42–2.95). In contrast, high A2AR expression was an independent predictor of favorable prognosis for overall survival (HR, 0.70; 95% CI, 0.50–0.98) and recurrence-free survival (HR, 0.74; 95% CI, 0.56–0.97). Together, these findings indicate that CD73 and A2AR have opposing prognostic effects, although cases involving CD73 or A2AR expression share some clinicopathological features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Inoue
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan.,Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Katsuhiro Yoshimura
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan.,Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Nobuya Kurabe
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Tomoaki Kahyo
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Akikazu Kawase
- First Department of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Masayuki Tanahashi
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Respiratory Disease Center, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ogawa
- Department of Pathology, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Naoki Inui
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan.,Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuhito Funai
- First Department of Surgery, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Kazuya Shinmura
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Niwa
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Respiratory Disease Center, Seirei Mikatahara General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Takafumi Suda
- Second Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Sugimura
- Department of Tumor Pathology, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan
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18
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Arakaki AKS, Pan WA, Lin H, Trejo J. The α-arrestin ARRDC3 suppresses breast carcinoma invasion by regulating G protein-coupled receptor lysosomal sorting and signaling. J Biol Chem 2018; 293:3350-3362. [PMID: 29348172 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra117.001516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2017] [Revised: 01/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Aberrant G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) expression and activation has been linked to tumor initiation, progression, invasion, and metastasis. However, compared with other cancer drivers, the exploitation of GPCRs as potential therapeutic targets has been largely ignored, despite the fact that GPCRs are highly druggable. Therefore, to advance the potential status of GPCRs as therapeutic targets, it is important to understand how GPCRs function together with other cancer drivers during tumor progression. We now report that the α-arrestin domain-containing protein-3 (ARRDC3) acts as a tumor suppressor in part by controlling signaling and trafficking of the GPCR, protease-activated receptor-1 (PAR1). In a series of highly invasive basal-like breast carcinomas, we found that expression of ARRDC3 is suppressed whereas PAR1 is aberrantly overexpressed because of defective lysosomal sorting that results in persistent signaling. Using a lentiviral doxycycline-inducible system, we demonstrate that re-expression of ARRDC3 in invasive breast carcinoma is sufficient to restore normal PAR1 trafficking through the ALG-interacting protein X (ALIX)-dependent lysosomal degradative pathway. We also show that ARRDC3 re-expression attenuates PAR1-stimulated persistent signaling of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) in invasive breast cancer. Remarkably, restoration of ARRDC3 expression significantly reduced activated PAR1-induced breast carcinoma invasion, which was also dependent on JNK signaling. These findings are the first to identify a critical link between the tumor suppressor ARRDC3 and regulation of GPCR trafficking and signaling in breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleena K S Arakaki
- From the Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program and.,Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Wen-An Pan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - Huilan Lin
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
| | - JoAnn Trejo
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093
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19
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Köse M. GPCRs and EGFR – Cross-talk of membrane receptors in cancer. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2017; 27:3611-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2017.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 06/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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20
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Antonioli L, Novitskiy SV, Sachsenmeier KF, Fornai M, Blandizzi C, Haskó G. Switching off CD73: a way to boost the activity of conventional and targeted antineoplastic therapies. Drug Discov Today 2017; 22:1686-1696. [PMID: 28676406 DOI: 10.1016/j.drudis.2017.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2017] [Revised: 05/12/2017] [Accepted: 06/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Over the past few years, several preclinical studies have highlighted the value of CD73 (ecto-5'-nucleotidase) as a potential therapeutic target for cancer therapy. Indeed, the pharmacological blockade of CD73, via monoclonal antibodies or small molecules, has promise in counteracting cancer development, growth and spread. Synergistic combinations of anti-CD73 drugs with conventional cancer treatments (i.e., chemotherapy, radiation therapy, immunotherapy, targeted therapy) have increased therapeutic potential. In this review, we discuss the potential synergistic effects of CD73 blockers and conventional antineoplastic therapies in the treatment of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luca Antonioli
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy; Department of Surgery and Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA.
| | - Sergey V Novitskiy
- Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN 37232, USA
| | | | - Matteo Fornai
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - Corrado Blandizzi
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy
| | - György Haskó
- Department of Surgery and Center for Immunity and Inflammation, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA
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Kuzumaki N, Narita M, Ikegami D, Narita M. Molecular Understanding of the Acquisition of Resistance to Anti-cancer Drugs Associated with the Exacerbation of Cancer. YAKUGAKU ZASSHI 2017; 136:699-703. [PMID: 27150922 DOI: 10.1248/yakushi.15-00262-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Gefitinib and erlotinib target the ATP cleft in the tyrosine kinase EGFR, which is overexpressed in 40-80 percent of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and many other epithelial cancers. However, the application of gefitinib is ultimately limited by the emergence of mutations and other molecular mechanisms conferring drug resistance. Furthermore, it has been considered that acquired resistance to gefitinib is associated with a clinically significant risk of accelerated disease progression. We previously established a new gefitinib-resistant NSCLC cell line, HCC827GR, which harbors the T790M mutation. Using HCC827GR, we found that the inhibition of adenosine A2a receptors of NSCLC regulated cancer proliferation and exacerbation, indicating that adenosine A2a receptors may be new targets for a novel strategy in NSCLC therapy. These findings suggest that multilayered crosstalk between G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) and EGFR may play an important role in regulating downstream signaling molecules that are implicated in the development of gefitinib-resistant NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Kuzumaki
- Department of Pharmacology, Hoshi University, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceuteutical Sciences
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22
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Narita M, Shimura E, Nagasawa A, Aiuchi T, Suda Y, Hamada Y, Ikegami D, Iwasawa C, Arakawa K, Igarashi K, Kuzumaki N, Yoshioka Y, Ochiya T, Takeshima H, Ushijima T, Narita M. Chronic treatment of non-small-cell lung cancer cells with gefitinib leads to an epigenetic loss of epithelial properties associated with reductions in microRNA-155 and -200c. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172115. [PMID: 28225782 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor gefitinib is used in therapy for non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, its application is limited by resistance-accelerated disease progression, which is accompanied by the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). In the present study, we performed multiple expression analyses of microRNAs (miRNAs) and quantified the expression of several related EMT players in gefitinib-resistant NSCLC cells. Methods and results To establish gefitinib-resistant NSCLC cells, gefitinib-sensitive HCC827 cells, which exhibit an in-frame deletion [E746-A750] in EGFR exon 19, were exposed to gefitinib for at least 1.5 months. Next, to profile “gefitinib-resistant HCC827 (HCC827GR)” cells, which have a secondary T790M mutation in EGFR exon 20, a miRNA array analysis was performed in HCC827 and HCC827GR cells. The greatest differences were seen in the levels of miR-155 and miR-200c, which essentially disappeared in HCC827GR cells. In addition to these reductions, the levels of smad2 and zeb1, which are both key players in EMT and targets for miR-155 and miR-200c, respectively, were dramatically increased in HCC827GR cells. In HCC827GR cells, the expression of epithelial-cadherin (E-cadherin) was greatly reduced with repressive histone modifications, whereas vimentin, which is expressed in mesenchymal cells, was dramatically increased with active histone modifications. In another gefitinib-resistant NSCLC cell line (H1975 cells), similar to the findings in HCC827GR cells, both miR-155 and miR-200c were absent, and the EMT was induced along with epigenetic modifications. Interestingly, the inhibition of both miR-155 and miR-200c in HCC827 cells without gefitinib induced significant increases in smad2 and zeb1 along with a dramatic decrease in E-cadherin and a slight increase in vimentin. Furthermore, although the inhibition of these miRNAs in HCC827 cells decreased gefitinib sensitivity, this dual-inhibition in HCC827 cells without gefitinib did not produce a secondary T790M mutation in EGFR exon 20. Conclusion and implications These results suggest that chronic treatment of NSCLC cells with gefitinib changes the expression of miRNAs, including dramatic reductions in miR-155 and miR-200c along with an EGFR mutation. Furthermore, this depletion of miR-155 and miR-200c may be associated with the EMT along with histone modifications, and may contribute to the decrease in the sensitivity to gefitinib independent of a secondary EGFR mutation.
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Vacas E, Muñoz-Moreno L, Valenzuela PL, Prieto JC, Schally AV, Carmena MJ, Bajo AM. Growth hormone-releasing hormone induced transactivation of epidermal growth factor receptor in human triple-negative breast cancer cells. Peptides 2016; 86:153-161. [PMID: 27816751 DOI: 10.1016/j.peptides.2016.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 11/01/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subset of breast cancers which is negative for expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors and human epidermal growth factor receptor-2 (HER2). Chemotherapy is currently the only form of treatment for women with TNBC. Growth hormone-releasing hormone (GHRH) and epidermal growth factor (EGF) are autocrine/paracrine growth factors in breast cancer and a substantial proportion of TNBC expresses receptors for GHRH and EGF. The aim of this study was to evaluate the interrelationship between both these signaling pathways in MDA-MB-468 human TNBC cells. We evaluated by Western blot assays the effect of GHRH on transactivation of EGF receptor (EGFR) as well as the elements implicated. We assessed the effect of GHRH on migration capability of MDA-MB-468 cells as well as the involvement of EGFR in this process by means of wound-healing assays. Our findings demonstrate that in MDA-MB-468 cells the stimulatory activity of GHRH on tyrosine phosphorylation of EGFR is exerted by two different molecular mechanisms: i) through GHRH receptors, GHRH stimulates a ligand-independent activation of EGFR involving at least cAMP/PKA and Src family signaling pathways; ii) GHRH also stimulates a ligand-dependent activation of EGFR implicating an extracellular pathway with an important role for metalloproteinases. The cross-talk between EGFR and GHRHR may be impeded by combining drugs acting upon GHRH receptors and EGFR family members. This combination of GHRH receptors antagonists with inhibitors of EGFR signalling could enhance the efficacy of both types of agents as well as reduce their doses increasing therapeutic benefits in management of human breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Vacas
- Department of Systems of Biology, University of Alcala, Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Laura Muñoz-Moreno
- Department of Systems of Biology, University of Alcala, Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Pedro L Valenzuela
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology Department, Principe de Asturias Hospital, Alcalá de Henares University, Alcalá de Henares, Madrid, Spain
| | - Juan C Prieto
- Department of Systems of Biology, University of Alcala, Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Andrew V Schally
- Veterans Administration Medical Center and Departments of Pathology and Medicine, Division of Oncology and Hematology, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine and South Florida Veterans Affairs Foundation for Research and Education, Miami, FL, USA
| | - María J Carmena
- Department of Systems of Biology, University of Alcala, Alcala de Henares, Spain
| | - Ana M Bajo
- Department of Systems of Biology, University of Alcala, Alcala de Henares, Spain.
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Zhang Q, Wang S, Yu Y, Sun S, Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Yang W, Li S, Qiao Y. Salvianolic Acid A, as a Novel ETA Receptor Antagonist, Shows Inhibitory Effects on Tumor in Vitro. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E1244. [PMID: 27490540 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17081244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Revised: 07/14/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Endothelin-1 (ET-1) autocrine and paracrine signaling modulate cell proliferation of tumor cells by activating its receptors, endothelin A receptor (ETAR) and endothelin B receptor (ETBR). Dysregulation of ETAR activation promotes tumor development and progression. The potential of ETAR antagonists and the dual-ETAR and ETBR antagonists as therapeutic approaches are under preclinical and clinical studies. Salvianolic acid A (Sal A) is a hydrophilic polyphenolic derivative isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Danshen), which has been reported as an anti-cancer and cardio-protective herbal medicine. In this study, we demonstrate that Sal A inhibits ETAR activation induced by ET-1 in both recombinant and endogenous ETAR expression cell lines. The IC50 values were determined as 5.7 µM in the HEK293/ETAR cell line and 3.14 µM in HeLa cells, respectively. Furthermore, our results showed that Sal A suppressed cell proliferation and extended the doubling times of multiple cancer cells, including HeLa, DU145, H1975, and A549 cell lines. In addition, Sal A inhibited proliferation of DU145 cell lines stimulated by exogenous ET-1 treatment. Moreover, the cytotoxicity and cardio-toxicity of Sal A were assessed in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and Human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (hiPS-CMs), which proved that Sal A demonstrates no cytotoxicity or cardiotoxicity. Collectively, our findings indicate that Sal A is a novel anti-cancer candidate through targeting ETAR.
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Wang Z. Transactivation of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor by G Protein-Coupled Receptors: Recent Progress, Challenges and Future Research. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:ijms17010095. [PMID: 26771606 PMCID: PMC4730337 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17010095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 88] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2015] [Revised: 01/06/2016] [Accepted: 01/07/2016] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Both G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) and receptor-tyrosine kinases (RTKs) regulate large signaling networks, control multiple cell functions and are implicated in many diseases including various cancers. Both of them are also the top therapeutic targets for disease treatment. The discovery of the cross-talk between GPCRs and RTKs connects these two vast signaling networks and complicates the already complicated signaling networks that regulate cell signaling and function. In this review, we focus on the transactivation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), a subfamily of RTKs, by GPCRs. Since the first report of EGFR transactivation by GPCR, significant progress has been made including the elucidation of the mechanisms underlying the transactivation. Here, we first provide a basic picture for GPCR, EGFR and EGFR transactivation by GPCR. We then discuss the progress made in the last five years and finally provided our view of the future challenge and future researches needed to overcome these challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhixiang Wang
- The Department of Medical Genetics and Signal Transduction Research Group, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2H7, Canada.
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Segovia-Mendoza M, González-González ME, Barrera D, Díaz L, García-Becerra R. Efficacy and mechanism of action of the tyrosine kinase inhibitors gefitinib, lapatinib and neratinib in the treatment of HER2-positive breast cancer: preclinical and clinical evidence. Am J Cancer Res 2015; 5:2531-2561. [PMID: 26609467 PMCID: PMC4633889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
An increasing number of tumors, including breast cancer, overexpress proteins of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) family. The interaction between family members activates signaling pathways that promote tumor progression and resistance to treatment. Human epidermal growth factor receptor type II (HER2) positive breast cancer represents a clinical challenge for current therapy. It has motivated the development of novel and more effective therapeutic EGFR family target drugs, such as tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). This review focuses on the effects of three TKIs mostly studied in HER2- positive breast cancer, lapatinib, gefitinib and neratinib. Herein, we discuss the mechanism of action, therapeutic advantages and clinical applications of these TKIs. To date, TKIs seem to be promising therapeutic agents for the treatment of HER2-overexpressing breast tumors, either as monotherapy or combined with other pharmacological agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Segovia-Mendoza
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador ZubiránAvenida Vasco de Quiroga No. 15, Col. Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Tlalpan 14080, México, D. F., México
- Posgrado en Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Circuito Interior, Cuidad UniversitariaAv. Universidad 3000, Coyoacán 04510, México D. F, México
| | - María E González-González
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador ZubiránAvenida Vasco de Quiroga No. 15, Col. Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Tlalpan 14080, México, D. F., México
| | - David Barrera
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador ZubiránAvenida Vasco de Quiroga No. 15, Col. Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Tlalpan 14080, México, D. F., México
| | - Lorenza Díaz
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador ZubiránAvenida Vasco de Quiroga No. 15, Col. Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Tlalpan 14080, México, D. F., México
| | - Rocío García-Becerra
- Departamento de Biología de la Reproducción, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador ZubiránAvenida Vasco de Quiroga No. 15, Col. Belisario Domínguez Sección XVI, Tlalpan 14080, México, D. F., México
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Liang J, Lv J, Liu Z. Identification of stage-specific biomarkers in lung adenocarcinoma based on RNA-seq data. Tumour Biol 2015; 36:6391-9. [PMID: 25861020 DOI: 10.1007/s13277-015-3327-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2014] [Accepted: 03/12/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Tumorigenesis is a multistep process that attributes to the sequential accumulation of abnormal expression in key oncogenes or tumor suppressors. We aimed to identify stage-specific biomarkers to distinguish lung adenocarcinoma (LAC) stages in cancer progression. RNA-sequencing data of LAC and matched adjacent non-cancer tissues were downloaded from the Cancer Genome Atlas, including 29 pairs of samples from LAC at stage I, 14 from LAC at stage II, 13 from LAC at stage III, and 1 from LAC at stage IV. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were analyzed for each case at different stages of LAC. DEGs were further annotated based on transcription factor data information, tumor-associated gene database, and protein-protein interaction database. Functional annotation was performed for genes in PPI network by DAVID online tool. Our analysis identified 11 high-frequency DEGs in the stage I, 29 in the stage II, and 90 in the stage III of LAC. Among them, eight genes were significantly correlated with LAC stages and identified as biomarkers in LAC progression. ANGPTL5, C7orf16, EDN3, LOC150622, HOXA11AS, IL1F5, and USH1G significantly distinguished stage III from stages I and II. GJB6 was significantly enriched in the gap junction trafficking pathway, while C7orf16 and EDN3 were enriched in Wnt signaling pathway, cell cycle, and G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) signaling. Up-regulated GJB6 especially in LAC stage II and down-regulated C7orf16 and EDN3 specifically in stage III were identified as biomarkers for distinguishing cancer stage in tumor progression through dysregulating gap junction, Wnt signaling, and GPCR signaling pathways.
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Liu D, Yang Z, Wang T, Yang Z, Chen H, Hu Y, Hu C, Guo L, Deng Q, Liu Y, Yu M, Shi M, Du N, Guo N. β2-AR signaling controls trastuzumab resistance-dependent pathway. Oncogene 2016; 35:47-58. [PMID: 25798840 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2015.58] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2014] [Revised: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Currently, trastuzumab resistance is a major clinical problem in the treatment of Her2-overexpressing breast cancer. The underlying molecular mechanisms are not fully understood. Our previous study demonstrates that β2-adrenergic receptor (β2-AR) and Her2 comprise a positive feedback loop in human breast cancer cells and that crosstalk between Her2 and β2-AR affects the bio-behaviors of breast cancer cells, suggesting that the β2-AR activation may be involved in trastuzumab resistance. In this study, we show that the expression of β2-AR, which mediates most catecholamine-induced effects, negatively correlates with trastuzumab response in the patients with Her2-overexpressing breast cancer. Catecholamines potently antagonize the anti-proliferative effects of trastuzumab both in vitro and in vivo. Catecholamine stimulation upregulates the expression of miR-21 and MUC-1 by activating Her2 and STAT3, leading to deficiency of phosphatase and tensin homolog and activation of phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) and Akt. Through inhibition of miR-199a/b-3p, catecholamines induce the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) activation. Thus, trastuzumab resistance-dependent PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway is controlled by catecholamine-induced β2-AR activation. The data indicate that β2-AR is a reliable molecular marker for prediction of response probability to trastuzumab-based therapy in breast cancer. We also demonstrate that β-blocker propranolol not only enhances the antitumor activities of trastuzumab but also re-sensitizes the resistant cells to trastuzumab. Our retrospective study shows that concurrent treatment of β-blocker and trastuzumab significantly improved progression-free survival and overall survival in the patients with Her2-overexpressing metastatic breast cancer, implicating the possibility for combination therapy with trastuzumab plus β-blocker in Her2-overexpressing breast cancer.
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Insel PA, Wilderman A, Zambon AC, Snead AN, Murray F, Aroonsakool N, McDonald DS, Zhou S, McCann T, Zhang L, Sriram K, Chinn AM, Michkov AV, Lynch RM, Overland AC, Corriden R. G Protein-Coupled Receptor (GPCR) Expression in Native Cells: "Novel" endoGPCRs as Physiologic Regulators and Therapeutic Targets. Mol Pharmacol 2015; 88:181-7. [PMID: 25737495 DOI: 10.1124/mol.115.098129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), the largest family of signaling receptors in the human genome, are also the largest class of targets of approved drugs. Are the optimal GPCRs (in terms of efficacy and safety) currently targeted therapeutically? Especially given the large number (∼ 120) of orphan GPCRs (which lack known physiologic agonists), it is likely that previously unrecognized GPCRs, especially orphan receptors, regulate cell function and can be therapeutic targets. Knowledge is limited regarding the diversity and identity of GPCRs that are activated by endogenous ligands and that native cells express. Here, we review approaches to define GPCR expression in tissues and cells and results from studies using these approaches. We identify problems with the available data and suggest future ways to identify and validate the physiologic and therapeutic roles of previously unrecognized GPCRs. We propose that a particularly useful approach to identify functionally important GPCRs with therapeutic potential will be to focus on receptors that show selective increases in expression in diseased cells from patients and experimental animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul A Insel
- Departments of Pharmacology (P.A.I., A.W., A.C.Z., A.N.S., N.A., D.S.M., S.Z., T.M., L.Z., K.S., A.M.C., A.V.M., R.M.L., A.C.O., R.C.) and Medicine (P.A.I., F.M.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Andrea Wilderman
- Departments of Pharmacology (P.A.I., A.W., A.C.Z., A.N.S., N.A., D.S.M., S.Z., T.M., L.Z., K.S., A.M.C., A.V.M., R.M.L., A.C.O., R.C.) and Medicine (P.A.I., F.M.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Alexander C Zambon
- Departments of Pharmacology (P.A.I., A.W., A.C.Z., A.N.S., N.A., D.S.M., S.Z., T.M., L.Z., K.S., A.M.C., A.V.M., R.M.L., A.C.O., R.C.) and Medicine (P.A.I., F.M.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Aaron N Snead
- Departments of Pharmacology (P.A.I., A.W., A.C.Z., A.N.S., N.A., D.S.M., S.Z., T.M., L.Z., K.S., A.M.C., A.V.M., R.M.L., A.C.O., R.C.) and Medicine (P.A.I., F.M.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Fiona Murray
- Departments of Pharmacology (P.A.I., A.W., A.C.Z., A.N.S., N.A., D.S.M., S.Z., T.M., L.Z., K.S., A.M.C., A.V.M., R.M.L., A.C.O., R.C.) and Medicine (P.A.I., F.M.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Nakon Aroonsakool
- Departments of Pharmacology (P.A.I., A.W., A.C.Z., A.N.S., N.A., D.S.M., S.Z., T.M., L.Z., K.S., A.M.C., A.V.M., R.M.L., A.C.O., R.C.) and Medicine (P.A.I., F.M.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Daniel S McDonald
- Departments of Pharmacology (P.A.I., A.W., A.C.Z., A.N.S., N.A., D.S.M., S.Z., T.M., L.Z., K.S., A.M.C., A.V.M., R.M.L., A.C.O., R.C.) and Medicine (P.A.I., F.M.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Shu Zhou
- Departments of Pharmacology (P.A.I., A.W., A.C.Z., A.N.S., N.A., D.S.M., S.Z., T.M., L.Z., K.S., A.M.C., A.V.M., R.M.L., A.C.O., R.C.) and Medicine (P.A.I., F.M.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Thalia McCann
- Departments of Pharmacology (P.A.I., A.W., A.C.Z., A.N.S., N.A., D.S.M., S.Z., T.M., L.Z., K.S., A.M.C., A.V.M., R.M.L., A.C.O., R.C.) and Medicine (P.A.I., F.M.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Lingzhi Zhang
- Departments of Pharmacology (P.A.I., A.W., A.C.Z., A.N.S., N.A., D.S.M., S.Z., T.M., L.Z., K.S., A.M.C., A.V.M., R.M.L., A.C.O., R.C.) and Medicine (P.A.I., F.M.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Krishna Sriram
- Departments of Pharmacology (P.A.I., A.W., A.C.Z., A.N.S., N.A., D.S.M., S.Z., T.M., L.Z., K.S., A.M.C., A.V.M., R.M.L., A.C.O., R.C.) and Medicine (P.A.I., F.M.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Amy M Chinn
- Departments of Pharmacology (P.A.I., A.W., A.C.Z., A.N.S., N.A., D.S.M., S.Z., T.M., L.Z., K.S., A.M.C., A.V.M., R.M.L., A.C.O., R.C.) and Medicine (P.A.I., F.M.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Alexander V Michkov
- Departments of Pharmacology (P.A.I., A.W., A.C.Z., A.N.S., N.A., D.S.M., S.Z., T.M., L.Z., K.S., A.M.C., A.V.M., R.M.L., A.C.O., R.C.) and Medicine (P.A.I., F.M.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Rebecca M Lynch
- Departments of Pharmacology (P.A.I., A.W., A.C.Z., A.N.S., N.A., D.S.M., S.Z., T.M., L.Z., K.S., A.M.C., A.V.M., R.M.L., A.C.O., R.C.) and Medicine (P.A.I., F.M.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Aaron C Overland
- Departments of Pharmacology (P.A.I., A.W., A.C.Z., A.N.S., N.A., D.S.M., S.Z., T.M., L.Z., K.S., A.M.C., A.V.M., R.M.L., A.C.O., R.C.) and Medicine (P.A.I., F.M.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
| | - Ross Corriden
- Departments of Pharmacology (P.A.I., A.W., A.C.Z., A.N.S., N.A., D.S.M., S.Z., T.M., L.Z., K.S., A.M.C., A.V.M., R.M.L., A.C.O., R.C.) and Medicine (P.A.I., F.M.), University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California
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Li B, Wang Z, Zhong Y, Lan J, Li X, Lin H. CCR9-CCL25 interaction suppresses apoptosis of lung cancer cells by activating the PI3K/Akt pathway. Med Oncol 2015; 32:66. [PMID: 25691296 DOI: 10.1007/s12032-015-0531-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2015] [Accepted: 02/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
CC chemokine receptor-9 (CCR9) is highly expressed in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues and cell lines. However, the biological functions and the signals elicited by the interaction between CCR9 and its natural ligand CCL25 in NSCLC are unknown. Here, we selectively depleted CCR9 and inhibited CCR9-CCL25 interaction in NSCLC cells using small recombinant lentivirus-mediated miRNA, and investigated the tumorigenic effects in vitro and in vivo. Compromised CCR9-CCL25 interaction promoted apoptosis in NSCLC cells by activating phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt in vitro. In addition, we showed that CCR9-CCL25 interaction mediated the activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway in NSCLC cells, resulting in the up-regulation of anti-apoptotic proteins, as well as the down-regulation of apoptotic proteins in a PI3K-/Akt-dependent manner. These CCR9-CCL25-mediated effects were abrogated in the presence of a PI3K inhibitor (wortmannin 10 nM) or by inhibiting the CCR9-CCL25 interaction through CCR9 silencing, which also suggested that the biological function of CCR9-CCL25 was mainly regulated by PI3K. In vivo studies also demonstrated a significantly lower tumor burden in mice receiving CCR9-silence cells than those in mice receiving control cells. Together, these data suggested that CCR9-CCL25 interaction induced tumorigenesis of NSCLC cells and that this induction might be accomplished through the activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway. These findings may lead to a better understanding of the biological effects of CCR9-CCL25 interaction and provide clues for identifying novel therapeutic and preventive molecular markers for NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baijun Li
- The People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, 530021, China
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Muñoz-moreno L, Arenas MI, Carmena MJ, Schally AV, Prieto JC, Bajo AM. Growth hormone-releasing hormone antagonists abolish the transactivation of human epidermal growth factor receptors in advanced prostate cancer models. Invest New Drugs 2014; 32:871-82. [DOI: 10.1007/s10637-014-0131-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2014] [Accepted: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Gao Y, Fan X, Li W, Ping W, Deng Y, Fu X. miR-138-5p reverses gefitinib resistance in non-small cell lung cancer cells via negatively regulating G protein-coupled receptor 124. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2014; 446:179-86. [PMID: 24582749 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.02.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR TKIs) such as gefitinib are clinically effective treatments for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients with EGFR activating mutations. However, therapeutic effect is ultimately limited by the development of acquired TKI resistance. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) represent a category of small non-coding RNAs commonly deregulated in human malignancies. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of miRNAs in gefitinib resistance. We established a gefitinib-resistant cell model (PC9GR) by continually exposing PC9 NSCLC cells to gefitinib for 6 months. MiRNA microarray screening revealed miR-138-5p showed the greatest downregulation in PC9GR cells. Re-expression of miR-138-5p was sufficient to sensitize PC9GR cells and another gefitinib-resistant NSCLC cell line, H1975, to gefitinib. Bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assay showed that G protein-coupled receptor124 (GPR124) was a direct target of miR-138-5p. Experimental validation demonstrated that expression of GPR124 was suppressed by miR-138-5p on protein and mRNA levels in NSCLC cells. Furthermore, we observed an inverse correlation between the expression of miR-138-5p and GPR124 in lung adenocarcinoma specimens. Knockdown of GPR124 mimicked the effects of miR-138-5p on the sensitivity to gefitinib. Collectively, our results suggest that downregulation of miR-138-5p contributes to gefitinib resistance and that restoration of miR-138-5p or inhibition GPR124 might serve as potential therapeutic approach for overcoming NSCLC gefitinib resistance.
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Feigin ME. Harnessing the genome for characterization of G-protein coupled receptors in cancer pathogenesis. FEBS J 2013; 280:4729-38. [PMID: 23927072 PMCID: PMC4283816 DOI: 10.1111/febs.12473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2013] [Revised: 07/31/2013] [Accepted: 08/01/2013] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs) mediate numerous physiological processes and represent the targets for a vast array of therapeutics for diseases ranging from depression to hypertension to reflux. Despite the recognition that GPCRs can act as oncogenes and tumour suppressors by regulating oncogenic signalling networks, few drugs targeting GPCRs are utilized in cancer therapy. Recent large-scale genome-wide analyses of multiple human tumours have uncovered novel GPCRs altered in cancer. However, work aiming to determine which GPCRs from these lists are the drivers of tumourigenesis, and hence valid therapeutic targets, comprises a formidable challenge. The present review highlights recent studies providing evidence that GPCRs are relevant targets for cancer therapy through their effects on known cancer signalling pathways, tumour progression, invasion and metastasis, and the microenvironment. Furthermore, the review also explores how genomic analysis is beginning to highlight GPCRs as therapeutic targets in the age of personalized medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael E. Feigin
- Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, 1 Bungtown Road, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724, 516-367-8385 (phone)
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Caruso ME, Clément P, Parent S, Dupriez V, Bossé R, Rouleau N. Integrated Cell-Based Platform to Study EGFR Activation and Transactivation. Assay Drug Dev Technol 2013; 11:423-34. [DOI: 10.1089/adt.2013.518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Roger Bossé
- PerkinElmer BioSignal, Inc., Montreal, Canada
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Mediavilla-Varela M, Luddy K, Noyes D, Khalil FK, Neuger AM, Soliman H, Antonia SJ. Antagonism of adenosine A2A receptor expressed by lung adenocarcinoma tumor cells and cancer associated fibroblasts inhibits their growth. Cancer Biol Ther 2013; 14:860-8. [PMID: 23917542 DOI: 10.4161/cbt.25643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently it has become clear that the cost associated with the Warburg effect, which is inefficient production of ATP, is offset by selective advantages that are produced by resultant intracellular metabolic alterations. In fact tumors may be addicted to the Warburg effect. In addition these alterations result in changes in the extracellular tumor microenvironment that can also produce selective advantages for tumor cell growth and survival. One such extracellular alteration is increased adenosine concentrations that have been shown to impair T cell mediated rejection and support angiogenesis. The expression of the A2A receptor in non-small cell cancer (NSCLC) tissues, cell lines and cancer associated fibroblasts (CAF) was determined by performing immunohistrochemistry and immunoblot analysis. The efficacy of the A2A receptor antagonists in vivo was evaluated in a PC9 xenograft model. To determine the mode of cell death induced by A2A receptor antagonists flow cytometry, immunoblot, and cytotoxic analysis were performed. We found that a significant number of lung adenocarcinomas express adenosine A2A receptors. Antagonism of these receptors impaired CAF and tumor cell growth in vitro and inhibited human tumor xenograft growth in mice. These observations add to the rationale for testing adenosine A2A receptor antagonists as anticancer therapeutics. Not only could there be prevention of negative signaling in T cells within the tumor microenvironment and inhibition of angiogenesis, but also an inhibitory effect on tumor-promoting, immunosuppressive CAFs and a direct inhibitory effect on the tumor cells themselves.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kimberly Luddy
- Department of Immunology; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center; Tampa, FL USA
| | - David Noyes
- Department of Immunology; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center; Tampa, FL USA
| | - Farah K Khalil
- Anatomic Pathology Department; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center; Tampa, FL USA
| | - Anthony M Neuger
- Translational Research Core; Clinical Pharmacology Lab; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center; Tampa, FL USA
| | - Hatem Soliman
- Department of Women's Oncology and Experimental Therapeutics; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center; Tampa, FL USA
| | - Scott J Antonia
- Department of Immunology; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center; Tampa, FL USA; Thoracic Oncology Department; H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center; Tampa, FL USA
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Abstract
携带表皮生长因子受体(epidermal growth factor receptor, EGFR)基因活性突变的非小细胞肺癌(non-small cell lung cancer, NSCLC)晚期患者使用EGFR-受体酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(tyrosine kinase inhibitor, TKI)治疗后具有较好的临床获益,但大部分患者在使用该药治疗10个月后出现耐药现象。研究发现EGFR基因20号外显子T790M基因突变是导致EGFR-TKI耐药的最主要因素,但其作用机制至今未明。目前的研究结果显示T790M基因突变是一个独立的、好的预后因素,但其能否作为EGFR-TKI的疗效预测因子仍存在争议。近年来,针对NSCLC肿瘤中T790M基因突变的检测技术不断更新,针对T790M耐药的新的治疗策略也不断涌现。本文就NSCLC中T790M基因突变的耐药机制、临床意义、检测方法及应对策略等方面的最新研究进展进行综述。
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Li
- Department of Thoracic Oncology, Jilin Provincial Cancer Hospital, Changchun 130012, China
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Hussain M, Javeed A, Ashraf M, Yuzhu H, Mukhtar MM. Multilevel pharmacological manipulation of adenosine-prostaglandin E₂/cAMP nexus in the tumor microenvironment: a 'two hit' therapeutic opportunity. Pharmacol Res 2013; 73:8-19. [PMID: 23619528 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2013.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2013] [Accepted: 04/14/2013] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Novel trends in cancer treatment research are focused on targeting the tumor microenvironment, thereby developing chemo-immunotherapeutic strategies which not only directly kill tumor cells, but also trigger the anti-tumor immune effector responses. Ectonucleotidases (CD39 and CD73)-generated extracellular adenosine and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2)-derived prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) are amongst the tumor microenvironmental factors that have emerged as attractive targets in this regard. Both comprise a pivotal axis in tumor progression and immune escape via autocrine and paracrine activation of a common intracellular signaling pathway, the cAMP-protein kinase A (PKA) pathway, in cancer and immune cells. In this review, we venture a potential and realistic strategy that this adenosine-PGE₂/cAMP nexus is targetable at different levels, thereby pointing out a 'two hit' chemo-immunotherapeutic proposition: direct killing of tumor cells on one hand, and the rescuing of endogenous anti-tumor immune response on the other. The reviewed experimental, preclinical and clinical data provide the proof of concept that 'two hit' multilevel pharmacological manipulation of adenosine-E₂/cAMP nexus is achievable within the tumor microenvironment.
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