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Zeng L, Yu G, Yang K, He Q, Hao W, Xiang W, Long Z, Chen H, Tang X, Sun L. Exploring the mechanism of Celastrol in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis based on systems pharmacology and multi-omics. Sci Rep 2024; 14:1604. [PMID: 38238321 PMCID: PMC10796403 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-48248-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
To explore the molecular network mechanism of Celastrol in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) based on a novel strategy (integrated systems pharmacology, proteomics, transcriptomics and single-cell transcriptomics). Firstly, the potential targets of Celastrol and RA genes were predicted through the database, and the Celastrol-RA targets were obtained by taking the intersection. Then, transcriptomic data and proteomic data of Celastrol treatment of RA were collected. Subsequently, Celastrol-RA targets, differentially expressed genes, and differentially expressed proteins were imported into Metascape for enrichment analysis, and related networks were constructed. Finally, the core targets of Celastrol-RA targets, differentially expressed genes, and differentially expressed proteins were mapped to synoviocytes of RA mice to find potential cell populations for Celastrol therapy. A total of 195 Celastrol-RA targets, 2068 differential genes, 294 differential proteins were obtained. The results of enrichment analysis showed that these targets, genes and proteins were mainly related to extracellular matrix organization, TGF-β signaling pathway, etc. The results of single cell sequencing showed that the main clusters of these targets, genes, and proteins could be mapped to RA synovial cells. For example, Mmp9 was mainly distributed in Hematopoietic cells, especially in Ptprn+fibroblast. The results of molecular docking also suggested that Celastrol could stably combine with molecules predicted by network pharmacology. In conclusion, this study used systems pharmacology, transcriptomics, proteomics, single-cell transcriptomics to reveal that Celastrol may regulate the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway by regulating key targets such as TNF and IL6, and then play an immune regulatory role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liuting Zeng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China
| | - Ganpeng Yu
- People's Hospital of Ningxiang City, Ningxiang, China
| | - Kailin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Qi He
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Wensa Hao
- Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Wang Xiang
- Department of Rheumatology, The First People's Hospital Changde City, Changde, China
| | - Zhiyong Long
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Guangzhou Panyu Central Hospital, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hua Chen
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine on Prevention and Treatment of Cardio-Cerebral Diseases, School of Integrated Chinese and Western Medicine, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Xiaojun Tang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China.
| | - Lingyun Sun
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Nanjing, China.
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Anhui, China.
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Singh V, Naldi A, Soliman S, Niarakis A. A large-scale Boolean model of the rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes predicts drug synergies in the arthritic joint. NPJ Syst Biol Appl 2023; 9:33. [PMID: 37454172 DOI: 10.1038/s41540-023-00294-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a complex autoimmune disease with an unknown aetiology. However, rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLS) play a significant role in initiating and perpetuating destructive joint inflammation by expressing immuno-modulating cytokines, adhesion molecules, and matrix remodelling enzymes. In addition, RA-FLS are primary drivers of inflammation, displaying high proliferative rates and an apoptosis-resistant phenotype. Thus, RA-FLS-directed therapies could become a complementary approach to immune-directed therapies by predicting the optimal conditions that would favour RA-FLS apoptosis, limit inflammation, slow the proliferation rate and minimise bone erosion and cartilage destruction. In this paper, we present a large-scale Boolean model for RA-FLS that consists of five submodels focusing on apoptosis, cell proliferation, matrix degradation, bone erosion and inflammation. The five-phenotype-specific submodels can be simulated independently or as a global model. In silico simulations and perturbations reproduced the expected biological behaviour of the system under defined initial conditions and input values. The model was then used to mimic the effect of mono or combined therapeutic treatments and predict novel targets and drug candidates through drug repurposing analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vidisha Singh
- Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire Européen de Recherche pour la Polyarthrite rhumatoïde-Genhotel, Univ Evry, Evry, France
| | - Aurelien Naldi
- Lifeware Group, Inria, Saclay-île de France, 91120, Palaiseau, France
| | - Sylvain Soliman
- Lifeware Group, Inria, Saclay-île de France, 91120, Palaiseau, France
| | - Anna Niarakis
- Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire Européen de Recherche pour la Polyarthrite rhumatoïde-Genhotel, Univ Evry, Evry, France.
- Lifeware Group, Inria, Saclay-île de France, 91120, Palaiseau, France.
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Shirai T, Nakai A, Ando E, Fujimoto J, Leach S, Arimori T, Higo D, van Eerden FJ, Tulyeu J, Liu YC, Okuzaki D, Murayama MA, Miyata H, Nunomura K, Lin B, Tani A, Kumanogoh A, Ikawa M, Wing JB, Standley DM, Takagi J, Suzuki K. Celastrol suppresses humoral immune responses and autoimmunity by targeting the COMMD3/8 complex. Sci Immunol 2023; 8:eadc9324. [PMID: 37000855 DOI: 10.1126/sciimmunol.adc9324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
Celastrol, a bioactive molecule extracted from the
Tripterygium wilfordii
plant, has been shown to exhibit anti-inflammatory properties. However, its mechanism of action has not been fully elucidated. Here, we show that celastrol suppresses humoral immune responses and autoimmunity by disabling a protein complex consisting of copper metabolism MURR1 domain–containing (COMMD) 3 and COMMD8 (COMMD3/8 complex), a signaling adaptor for chemoattractant receptors. Having demonstrated the involvement of the COMMD3/8 complex in a mouse model of rheumatoid arthritis, we identified celastrol as a compound that covalently bound to and dissociated the COMMD3/8 complex. Celastrol inhibited B cell migration, reduced antibody responses, and blocked arthritis progression, recapitulating deficiency of the COMMD3/8 complex. These effects of celastrol were abolished in mice expressing a celastrol-resistant mutant of the COMMD3/8 complex. These findings establish that celastrol exerts immunosuppressive activity by targeting the COMMD3/8 complex. Our study suggests that the COMMD3/8 complex is a potentially druggable target in autoimmune diseases and points to celastrol as a lead pharmacologic candidate in this capacity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiichiro Shirai
- Laboratory of Immune Response Dynamics, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akiko Nakai
- Laboratory of Immune Response Dynamics, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Immune Response Dynamics, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Emiko Ando
- Laboratory of Immune Response Dynamics, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Jun Fujimoto
- Laboratory of Immune Response Dynamics, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Sarah Leach
- Laboratory of Immune Response Dynamics, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Takao Arimori
- Laboratory for Protein Synthesis and Expression, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Daisuke Higo
- Thermo Fisher Scientific K.K., Yokohama, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Floris J. van Eerden
- Laboratory of Systems Immunology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Genome Informatics, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Janyerkye Tulyeu
- Laboratory of Human Single Cell Immunology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yu-Chen Liu
- Laboratory of Human Immunology (Single Cell Genomics), WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Daisuke Okuzaki
- Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Laboratory of Human Immunology (Single Cell Genomics), WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Genome Information Research Center, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masanori A. Murayama
- Department of Animal Models for Human Diseases, Institute of Biomedical Science, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan
| | - Haruhiko Miyata
- Department of Experimental Genome Research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuto Nunomura
- Center for Supporting Drug Discovery and Life Science Research, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Bangzhong Lin
- Center for Supporting Drug Discovery and Life Science Research, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Akiyoshi Tani
- Center for Supporting Drug Discovery and Life Science Research, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Atsushi Kumanogoh
- Department of Respiratory Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Laboratory of Immunopathology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Masahito Ikawa
- Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Experimental Genome Research, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - James B. Wing
- Laboratory of Human Single Cell Immunology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Daron M. Standley
- Laboratory of Systems Immunology, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Genome Informatics, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Junichi Takagi
- Laboratory for Protein Synthesis and Expression, Institute for Protein Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Integrated Frontier Research for Medical Science Division, Institute for Open and Transdisciplinary Research Initiatives, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Suzuki
- Laboratory of Immune Response Dynamics, WPI Immunology Frontier Research Center, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Department of Immune Response Dynamics, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
- Center for Infectious Disease Education and Research, Osaka University, Suita, Osaka, Japan
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Liu X, Wang Z, Qian H, Tao W, Zhang Y, Hu C, Mao W, Guo Q. Natural medicines of targeted rheumatoid arthritis and its action mechanism. Front Immunol 2022; 13:945129. [PMID: 35979373 PMCID: PMC9376257 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.945129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Accepted: 07/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease involving joints, with clinical manifestations of joint inflammation, bone damage and cartilage destruction, joint dysfunction and deformity, and extra-articular organ damage. As an important source of new drug molecules, natural medicines have many advantages, such as a wide range of biological effects and small toxic and side effects. They have become a hot spot for the vast number of researchers to study various diseases and develop therapeutic drugs. In recent years, the research of natural medicines in the treatment of RA has made remarkable achievements. These natural medicines mainly include flavonoids, polyphenols, alkaloids, glycosides and terpenes. Among them, resveratrol, icariin, epigallocatechin-3-gallate, ginsenoside, sinomenine, paeoniflorin, triptolide and paeoniflorin are star natural medicines for the treatment of RA. Its mechanism of treating RA mainly involves these aspects: anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, immune regulation, pro-apoptosis, inhibition of angiogenesis, inhibition of osteoclastogenesis, inhibition of fibroblast-like synovial cell proliferation, migration and invasion. This review summarizes natural medicines with potential therapeutic effects on RA and briefly discusses their mechanisms of action against RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueling Liu
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhiguo Wang
- Chinese Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hua Qian
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang City, China
| | - Wenhua Tao
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang City, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Chunyan Hu
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Weiwei Mao
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Qi Guo
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
- *Correspondence: Qi Guo,
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5
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Chen G, Zhang W, Kong L, Wang C, Lai X, Yu X, Guo Y, Wu J, Ma Q, Tsai F. Qiguiyin Decoction Improves Multidrug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection in Rats by Regulating Inflammatory Cytokines and the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB Signaling Pathway. BioMed Research International 2022; 2022:1-11. [PMID: 35071595 PMCID: PMC8776462 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5066434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA), a Gram-negative bacterium, has a high detection rate in hospital-acquired infections. Recently, the frequent appearance of multidrug-resistant (MDR) PA strain with high morbidity and mortality rates has aggravated the difficulty in treating infectious diseases. Due to its multiple resistance mechanisms, the commonly used antibiotics have gradually become less effective. Qiguiyin decoction (QGYD) is a clinically experienced prescription of Chinese herbal medicine, and its combined application with antibiotics has been confirmed to be effective in the clinical treatment of MDR PA infection, which could be a promising strategy for the treatment of drug-resistant bacterial infections. However, the mechanism of QGYD restoring antibiotics susceptibility to MDR PA remains unclear. In the present study, we investigated the effects of QGYD and levofloxacin (LEV) singly or in combination on MDR PA-induced pneumonia rat models. Further analysis was carried out in the serum differential expression profiles of inflammatory cytokines by cytokine antibody array. Besides, the lung TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway was detected by RT-qPCR. Our results showed that based on the treatment of MDR PA-infected rat model with LEV, the combination of QGYD improved the general state and immune organ index. Furthermore, it moderately increased the expressions of proinflammatory cytokines including IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α in the early stage of infection and decreased their release rapidly in the later stage, while regulated the same phase change of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10. In addition, the adhesion molecule ICAM-1 was significantly downregulated after QGYD combined with LEV treatment. Moreover, the mRNA expressions of TLR4, MyD88, NF-κB, and ICAM-1 were significantly downregulated. These results indicated that the mechanism of QGYD restoring LEV susceptibility to MDR PA was related to its regulation of inflammatory cytokines and the TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling pathway, which provides theoretical support for the clinical application of QGYD combined with LEV therapy to MDR PA infection.
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6
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Zhao J, Zhang F, Xiao X, Wu Z, Hu Q, Jiang Y, Zhang W, Wei S, Ma X, Zhang X. Tripterygium hypoglaucum (Lévl.) Hutch and Its Main Bioactive Components: Recent Advances in Pharmacological Activity, Pharmacokinetics and Potential Toxicity. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:715359. [PMID: 34887747 PMCID: PMC8650721 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.715359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Tripterygium hypoglaucum (Lévl.) Hutch (THH) is believed to play an important role in health care and disease treatment according to traditional Chinese medicine. Moreover, it is also the representative of medicine with both significant efficacy and potential toxicity. This characteristic causes THH hard for embracing and fearing. In order to verify its prospect for clinic, a wide variety of studies were carried out in the most recent years. However, there has not been any review about THH yet. Therefore, this review summarized its characteristic of components, pharmacological effect, pharmacokinetics and toxicity to comprehensively shed light on the potential clinical application. More than 120 secondary metabolites including terpenoids, alkaloids, glycosides, sugars, organic acids, oleanolic acid, polysaccharides and other components were found in THH based on phytochemical research. All these components might be the pharmacological bases for immunosuppression, anti-inflammatory and anti-tumour effect. In addition, recent studies found that THH and its bioactive compounds also demonstrated remarkable effect on obesity, insulin resistance, fertility and infection of virus. The main mechanism seemed to be closely related to regulation the balance of immune, inflammation, apoptosis and so on in various disease. Furthermore, the study of pharmacokinetics revealed quick elimination of the main component triptolide. The feature of celastrol was also investigated by several models. Finally, the side effect of THH was thought to be the key for its limitation in clinical application. A series of reports indicated that multiple organs or systems including liver, kidney and genital system were involved in the toxicity. Its potential serious problem in liver was paid specific attention in recent years. In summary, considering the significant effect and potential toxicity of THH as well as its components, the combined medication to inhibit the toxicity, maintain effect might be a promising method for clinical conversion. Modern advanced technology such as structure optimization might be another way to reach the efficacy and safety. Thus, THH is still a crucial plant which remains for further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junqi Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fangling Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaolin Xiao
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, School of Clinical Medicine, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhao Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Qichao Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yinxiao Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Wenwen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Shizhang Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaomei Zhang
- Institute of Medicinal Chemistry of Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Academy of Chinese Materia Medica, Chongqing, China
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Luo X, Cui J, Long X, Chen Z. TLRs Play Crucial Roles in Regulating RA Synoviocyte. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2021; 20:1156-1165. [PMID: 32338225 DOI: 10.2174/1871530320666200427115225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 01/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease comparing the inflammation of synovium. Macrophage-like synoviocytes and fibroblast-like synoviocytes (synoviocytes) are crucial ingredients of synovium. Therein, a lot of research has focused on synoviocytes. Researches demonstrated that TLR1, TLR2, TLR3, TLR4, TLR5, TLR6 TLR7 and TLR9 are expressed in synoviocyte. Additionally, the expression of TLR2, TLR3, TLR4 and TLR5 is increased in RA synoviocyte. In this paper, we review the exact role of TLR2, TLR3, TLR4 and TLR5 participate in regulating the production of inflammatory factors in RA synoviocyte. Furthermore, we discuss the role of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), MicroRNA, Monome of Chinese herb and other cells (Monocyte and T cell) influence the function of synoviocyte by regulating TLRs. The activation of toll-like receptors (TLRs) in synoviocyte leads to the aggravation of arthritis, comparing with angiogenesis and bone destruction. Above all, TLRs are promising targets for managing RA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuling Luo
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Juncheng Cui
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Xin Long
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Zhiwei Chen
- Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of University of South China, Hengyang 421001, China
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Xu H, Cai Y, Yu M, Sun J, Cai J, Li J, Qin B, Ying G, Chen T, Shen Y, Jie L, Xu D, Gu C, Wang C, Hu X, Chen J, Wang L, Chen G. Celastrol protects against early brain injury after subarachnoid hemorrhage in rats through alleviating blood-brain barrier disruption and blocking necroptosis. Aging (Albany NY) 2021; 13:16816-16833. [PMID: 34182541 PMCID: PMC8266331 DOI: 10.18632/aging.203221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is a life-threatening disease worldwide, and effective pharmaceutical treatment is still lacking. Celastrol is a plant-derived triterpene which showed neuroprotective potential in several types of brain insults. This study aimed to investigate the effects of celastrol on early brain injury (EBI) after SAH. METHODS A total of sixty-one male Sprague-Dawley rats were used in this study. Rat SAH endovascular perforation model was established to mimic the pathological changes of EBI after SAH. Multiple methods such as 3.0T MRI scanning, immunohistochemistry, western blotting and propidium iodide (PI) labeling were used to explore the therapeutic effects of celastrol on SAH. RESULTS Celastrol treatment attenuated SAH-caused brain swelling, reduced T2 lesion volume and ventricular volume in MRI scanning, and improved overall neurological score. Albumin leakage and the degradation of tight junction proteins were also ameliorated after celastrol administration. Celastrol protected blood-brain bairrer integrity through inhibiting MMP-9 expression and anti-neuroinflammatory effects. Additionally, necroptosis-related proteins RIP3 and MLKL were down-regulated and PI-positive cells in the basal cortex were less in the celastrol-treated SAH group than that in untreated SAH group. CONCLUSIONS Celastrol exhibits neuroprotective effects on EBI after SAH and deserves to be further investigated as an add-on pharmaceutical therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hangzhe Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Yong Cai
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Mengyan Yu
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Jing Sun
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Jing Cai
- Neurointensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Jingbo Li
- Neurointensive Care Unit, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Bing Qin
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Guangyu Ying
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Ting Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Yongfeng Shen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Hangzhou 310006, China
| | - Liyong Jie
- Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Demin Xu
- Department of Radiology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518034, China
| | - Chi Gu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Chun Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - XiaoYi Hu
- School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310012, China
| | - Jingsen Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Lin Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
| | - Gao Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University, School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310016, China
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Wang RX, Zhou M, Ma HL, Qiao YB, Li QS. The Role of Chronic Inflammation in Various Diseases and Anti-inflammatory Therapies Containing Natural Products. ChemMedChem 2021; 16:1576-1592. [PMID: 33528076 DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.202000996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Chronic inflammation represents a long-term reaction of the body's immune system to noxious stimuli. Such a sustained inflammatory response sometimes results in lasting damage to healthy tissues and organs. In fact, chronic inflammation is implicated in the development and progression of various diseases, including cardiovascular diseases, respiratory diseases, metabolic diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and even cancers. Targeting nonresolving inflammation thus provides new opportunities for treating relevant diseases. In this review, we will go over several chronic inflammation-associated diseases first with emphasis on the role of inflammation in their pathogenesis. Then, we will summarize a number of natural products that exhibit therapeutic effects against those diseases by acting on different markers in the inflammatory response. We envision that natural products will remain a rich resource for the discovery of new drugs treating diseases associated with chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ren-Xiao Wang
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Innovative Drugs for the, Treatment of Serious Diseases Based on Chronic Inflammation, College of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030619, P. R. China.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
| | - Mi Zhou
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, 826 Zhangheng Road, Shanghai, 201203, P. R. China
| | - Hui-Lai Ma
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Innovative Drugs for the, Treatment of Serious Diseases Based on Chronic Inflammation, College of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030619, P. R. China
| | - Yuan-Biao Qiao
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Innovative Drugs for the, Treatment of Serious Diseases Based on Chronic Inflammation, College of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030619, P. R. China
| | - Qing-Shan Li
- Shanxi Key Laboratory of Innovative Drugs for the, Treatment of Serious Diseases Based on Chronic Inflammation, College of Traditional Chinese Medicines, Shanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Taiyuan, Shanxi, 030619, P. R. China
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10
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Mansoorifar A, Gordon R, Bergan R, Bertassoni LE. Bone-on-a-chip: microfluidic technologies and microphysiologic models of bone tissue. Adv Funct Mater 2021; 31:2006796. [PMID: 35422682 PMCID: PMC9007546 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202006796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 05/07/2023]
Abstract
Bone is an active organ that continuously undergoes an orchestrated process of remodeling throughout life. Bone tissue is uniquely capable of adapting to loading, hormonal, and other changes happening in the body, as well as repairing bone that becomes damaged to maintain tissue integrity. On the other hand, diseases such as osteoporosis and metastatic cancers disrupt normal bone homeostasis leading to compromised function. Historically, our ability to investigate processes related to either physiologic or diseased bone tissue has been limited by traditional models that fail to emulate the complexity of native bone. Organ-on-a-chip models are based on technological advances in tissue engineering and microfluidics, enabling the reproduction of key features specific to tissue microenvironments within a microfabricated device. Compared to conventional in-vitro and in-vivo bone models, microfluidic models, and especially organs-on-a-chip platforms, provide more biomimetic tissue culture conditions, with increased predictive power for clinical assays. In this review, we will report microfluidic and organ-on-a-chip technologies designed for understanding the biology of bone as well as bone-related diseases and treatments. Finally, we discuss the limitations of the current models and point toward future directions for microfluidics and organ-on-a-chip technologies in bone research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Mansoorifar
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Ryan Gordon
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Raymond Bergan
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
| | - Luiz E. Bertassoni
- Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, USA
- Cancer Early Detection Advanced Research Center (CEDAR), Knight Cancer Institute, Portland, OR, USA
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11
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Shi J, Li J, Xu Z, Chen L, Luo R, Zhang C, Gao F, Zhang J, Fu C. Celastrol: A Review of Useful Strategies Overcoming its Limitation in Anticancer Application. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:558741. [PMID: 33364939 PMCID: PMC7751759 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.558741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Celastrol, a natural bioactive ingredient derived from Tripterygium wilfordii Hook F, exhibits significant broad-spectrum anticancer activities for the treatment of a variety of cancers including liver cancer, breast cancer, prostate tumor, multiple myeloma, glioma, etc. However, the poor water stability, low bioavailability, narrow therapeutic window, and undesired side effects greatly limit its clinical application. To address this issue, some strategies were employed to improve the anticancer efficacy and reduce the side-effects of celastrol. The present review comprehensively focuses on the various challenges associated with the anticancer efficiency and drug delivery of celastrol, and the useful approaches including combination therapy, structural derivatives and nano/micro-systems development. The specific advantages for the use of celastrol mediated by these strategies are presented. Moreover, the challenges and future research directions are also discussed. Based on this review, it would provide a reference to develop a natural anticancer compound for cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfeng Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiaxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ziyi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Liang Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Ruifeng Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fei Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Chaomei Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, Pharmacy School, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
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12
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Abstract
Inflammation is ubiquitous in the body, and uncontrolled inflammation often contributes to various diseases. Celastrol, a compound isolated from a Chinese medicinal herb, holds great potential in treating multiple inflammation-associated diseases. However, its further clinical use is limited by its poor solubility, bioavailability, and high organ toxicity. With the advancement of nanotechnology, the nano-delivery of celastrol can effectively improve its oral bioavailability, maximize its efficacy and minimize its side effects. Here, we summarize the roles of celastrol in the treatment of various inflammation-associated diseases, with a special emphasis on its role in modulating immune cell signaling or non-immune cell signaling within the inflammatory microenvironment, and we highlight the latest advances in nano-delivery strategies for celastrol to treat diseases associated with inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guihua Fang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Inflammation and Molecular Drug Targets, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu Province 226001, China.
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13
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Tang Y, Liu Q, Feng Y, Zhang Y, Xu Z, Wen C, Zhang Y. Tripterygium Ingredients for Pathogenicity Cells in Rheumatoid Arthritis. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:583171. [PMID: 33123015 PMCID: PMC7567162 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.583171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease mainly characterized by chronic polyarthritis. Many types of cells play pivotal roles in the pathogenicity of RA, such as T cells, B cells, macrophages, dendritic cells (DCs), osteoclasts (OCs), and fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS). Tripterygium wilfordii Hook f. (TwHf) and its ingredients are able to control disease activity by regulating the functions of cells mentioned above, and the clinical studies have highlighted the importance of TwHf ingredients in RA treatment. They have been demonstrated to improve the RA symptoms of animal models and patients. In this review, we discussed the effect of TwHf ingredients on pathogenicity cells, including disease/cell phenotypes and molecular mechanisms. Here, we constructed a cell-cell interaction network to visualize the effect of TwHf ingredients. We found that TwHf ingredients could inhibit the differentiation and proliferation of the pathogenicity cells. Besides, the components could decrease the levels of pathogenicity cytokines [i.e., interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α)]. Many signaling pathways are involved in the underlying mechanisms, such as PI3K, NF-κB, and MAPK signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujun Tang
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiuping Liu
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuxiang Feng
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhenghao Xu
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chengping Wen
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yun Zhang
- College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
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14
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Cascão R, Vidal B, Carvalho T, Lopes IP, Romão VC, Goncalves J, Moita LF, Fonseca JE. Celastrol Efficacy by Oral Administration in the Adjuvant-Induced Arthritis Model. Front Med (Lausanne) 2020; 7:455. [PMID: 33015082 PMCID: PMC7505947 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2020.00455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: We previously demonstrated that celastrol has significant anti-inflammatory and bone protective effects when administered via the intraperitoneal route. For further preclinical evaluation, an effective oral administration of celastrol is crucial. Here we aimed to study the therapeutic dose range for its oral administration. Methods: Celastrol (1–25 μg/g/day, N = 5/group) was administrated orally to female adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) rats after 8 days of disease induction for a period of 14 days. A group of healthy (N = 8) and arthritic (N = 15) gender- and age-matched Wistar rats was used as controls. During the treatment period, the inflammatory score, ankle perimeter, and body weight were measured. At the end of the treatment, the animals were sacrificed, blood was collected for clinical pathology, necropsy was performed with collection of internal organs for histopathological analysis, and paw samples were used for disease scoring. Results: Doses higher than 2.5 μg/g/day of celastrol reduced the inflammatory score and ankle swelling, preserved joint structure, halted bone destruction, and diminished the number of synovial CD68+ macrophages. Bone resorption and turnover were also reduced at 5 and 7.5 μg/g/day doses. However, the dose of 7.5 μg/g/day was associated with thymic and liver lesions, and higher doses showed severe toxicity. Conclusion: Oral administration of celastrol above 2.5 μg/g/day ameliorates arthritis. This data supports and gives relevant information for the development of a preclinical test of celastrol in the setting of a chronic model of arthritis since rheumatoid arthritis is a long-term disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Cascão
- Unidade de Investigação em Reumatologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Molecular-João Lobo Antunes, Centro Académico de Medicina de Lisboa, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Bruno Vidal
- Unidade de Investigação em Reumatologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Molecular-João Lobo Antunes, Centro Académico de Medicina de Lisboa, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Tânia Carvalho
- Comparative Pathology Unit, Instituto de Medicina Molecular-João Lobo Antunes, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Inês Pascoal Lopes
- Unidade de Investigação em Reumatologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Molecular-João Lobo Antunes, Centro Académico de Medicina de Lisboa, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Vasco C Romão
- Unidade de Investigação em Reumatologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Molecular-João Lobo Antunes, Centro Académico de Medicina de Lisboa, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Serviço de Reumatologia e Doenças Ósseas Metabólicas, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - João Goncalves
- Faculdade de Farmácia, iMed - Research Institute of Medicines, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Luis Ferreira Moita
- Innate Immunity and Inflammation Laboratory, Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
| | - João Eurico Fonseca
- Unidade de Investigação em Reumatologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Instituto de Medicina Molecular-João Lobo Antunes, Centro Académico de Medicina de Lisboa, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Serviço de Reumatologia e Doenças Ósseas Metabólicas, Hospital de Santa Maria, Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal
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15
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Chan Y, Ng SW, Chellappan DK, Madheswaran T, Zeeshan F, Kumar P, Pillay V, Gupta G, Wadhwa R, Mehta M, Wark P, Hsu A, Hansbro NG, Hansbro PM, Dua K, Panneerselvam J. Celastrol-loaded liquid crystalline nanoparticles as an anti-inflammatory intervention for the treatment of asthma. INT J POLYM MATER PO 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00914037.2020.1765350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yinghan Chan
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University (IMU), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Sin Wi Ng
- School of Pharmacy, International Medical University (IMU), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Dinesh Kumar Chellappan
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University (IMU), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Thiagarajan Madheswaran
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, International Medical University (IMU), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Farrukh Zeeshan
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, International Medical University (IMU), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Pradeep Kumar
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Viness Pillay
- Wits Advanced Drug Delivery Platform Research Unit, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, School of Therapeutic Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jaipur, India
| | - Ridhima Wadhwa
- Centenary Institute, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, Australia
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Ultimo, Australia
| | - Meenu Mehta
- Centenary Institute, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, Australia
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Ultimo, Australia
| | - Peter Wark
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI) and School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle (UoN), Callaghan, Australia
| | - Alan Hsu
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI) and School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle (UoN), Callaghan, Australia
| | - Nicole G Hansbro
- Centenary Institute, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, Australia
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Ultimo, Australia
| | - Philip Michael Hansbro
- Centenary Institute, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI) and School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle (UoN), Callaghan, Australia
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Ultimo, Australia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Centenary Institute, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Camperdown, Australia
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology Sydney (UTS), Ultimo, Australia
- Priority Research Centre for Healthy Lungs, Hunter Medical Research Institute (HMRI) and School of Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacy, The University of Newcastle (UoN), Callaghan, Australia
| | - Jithendra Panneerselvam
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, International Medical University (IMU), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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16
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Song X, Zhang Y, Dai E. Therapeutic targets of thunder god vine (Tripterygium wilfordii hook) in rheumatoid arthritis (Review). Mol Med Rep 2020; 21:2303-2310. [PMID: 32323812 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2020.11052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2019] [Accepted: 03/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Celastrol and triptolide, chemical compounds isolated from Tripterygium wilfordii hook (also known as thunder god vine), are effective against rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Celastrol targets numerous signaling pathways involving NF‑κB, endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+‑ATPase, myeloid differentiation factor 2, toll‑like receptor 4, pro‑inflammatory chemokines, DNA damage, cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Triptolide, inhibits NF‑κB, the receptor activator of NF‑κB (RANK)/RANK ligand/osteoprotegerin signaling pathway, cyclooxygenase‑2, matrix metalloproteases and cytokines. The present review examined the chemistry and bioavailability of celastrol and triptolide, and their molecular targets in treating RA. Clinical studies have demonstrated that T. wilfordii has several promising bioactivities, but its multi‑target toxicity has restricted its application. Thus, dosage control and structural modification of T. wilfordii are required to reduce the toxicity. In this review, future directions for research into these promising natural products are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinqiang Song
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, P.R. China
| | - Erqin Dai
- Department of Biological Sciences, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang, Henan 464000, P.R. China
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17
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Ouyang M, Qin T, Liu H, Lu J, Peng C, Guo Q. Enhanced Inflammatory Reaction and Thrombosis in High-Fat Diet-Fed ApoE-/- Mice are Attenuated by Celastrol. Exp Clin Endocrinol Diabetes 2020; 129:339-348. [PMID: 32176932 DOI: 10.1055/a-1010-5543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE High-fat diet (HFD) increases the risk of inflammatory reaction and acute arterial thrombosis. Celastrol has been confirmed to regulate inflammatory cytokine levels in atherosclerotic animal models. However, the anti-thrombotic effects of celastrol have remained to be fully demonstrated. The present study was performed to investigate the beneficial effect of celastrol in HFD-induced inflammatory reaction and thrombosis in apolipoprotein (apo)E-/- mice. MATERIALS AND METHODS Thrombogenic mice model was established using HFD-fed apoE-/- mice. The levels of mRNA and protein were assayed by RT-qPCR and western blotting, respectively. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining was performed to measure the protein expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and matrix metalloproteinase-9 in the aortic endothelium of HFD-fed apoE-/- mice. RESULTS The results demonstrated that the effect of HFD on inflammatory cytokines in mice with apoE-/- background was reversed by celastrol administration, and celastrol treatment inhibited the NOD-like receptor family, pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3)/caspase-1/interleukin-1β signaling cascades in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from HFD-fed apoE-/- mice. In addition, HFD enhanced adenosine diphosphate-induced platelet aggregation in normal C57BL/6 and apoE-/- mice, while celastrol administration reversed this. Furthermore, celastrol inhibited the pro-thrombotic effects of HFD in apoE-/- mice, and the underlying mechanism was mediated, at least partially, through the suppression of matrix metalloproteinase-2 and -9 expression. CONCLUSIONS Celastrol administration significantly attenuated HFD-induced inflammatory reaction, platelet aggregation and thrombosis in apoE-/- mice, and celastrol may be used as a drug for the prevention of HFD-induced inflammatory reaction and thrombus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mao Ouyang
- Department of Geriatrics, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Tao Qin
- Department of Geriatrics, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Hengdao Liu
- Department of Geriatrics, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China.,Department of Cardiology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P. R. China
| | - Junya Lu
- Department of Geriatrics, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Caixia Peng
- Department of Geriatrics, the Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
| | - Qin Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, P. R. China
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18
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Hardy E, Fernandez-Patron C. Destroy to Rebuild: The Connection Between Bone Tissue Remodeling and Matrix Metalloproteinases. Front Physiol 2020; 11:47. [PMID: 32116759 PMCID: PMC7013034 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2020.00047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Bone is a dynamic organ that undergoes constant remodeling, an energetically costly process by which old bone is replaced and localized bone defects are repaired to renew the skeleton over time, thereby maintaining skeletal health. This review provides a general overview of bone’s main players (bone lining cells, osteocytes, osteoclasts, reversal cells, and osteoblasts) that participate in bone remodeling. Placing emphasis on the family of extracellular matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), we describe how: (i) Convergence of multiple protease families (including MMPs and cysteine proteinases) ensures complexity and robustness of the bone remodeling process, (ii) Enzymatic activity of MMPs affects bone physiology at the molecular and cellular levels and (iii) Either overexpression or deficiency/insufficiency of individual MMPs impairs healthy bone remodeling and systemic metabolism. Today, it is generally accepted that proteolytic activity is required for the degradation of bone tissue in osteoarthritis and osteoporosis. However, it is increasingly evident that inactivating mutations in MMP genes can also lead to bone pathology including osteolysis and metabolic abnormalities such as delayed growth. We argue that there remains a need to rethink the role played by proteases in bone physiology and pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carlos Fernandez-Patron
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada
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19
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Barrett CM, McCracken R, Elmer J, Haynes KA. Components from the Human c-myb Transcriptional Regulation System Reactivate Epigenetically Repressed Transgenes. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E530. [PMID: 31947658 PMCID: PMC7014047 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21020530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A persistent challenge for mammalian cell engineering is the undesirable epigenetic silencing of transgenes. Foreign DNA can be incorporated into closed chromatin before and after it has been integrated into a host cell's genome. To identify elements that mitigate epigenetic silencing, we tested components from the c-myb and NF-kB transcriptional regulation systems in transiently transfected DNA and at chromosomally integrated transgenes in PC-3 and HEK 293 cells. DNA binding sites for MYB (c-myb) placed upstream of a minimal promoter enhanced expression from transiently transfected plasmid DNA. We targeted p65 and MYB fusion proteins to a chromosomal transgene, UAS-Tk-luciferase, that was silenced by ectopic Polycomb chromatin complexes. Transient expression of Gal4-MYB induced an activated state that resisted complete re-silencing. We used custom guide RNAs and dCas9-MYB to target MYB to different positions relative to the promoter and observed that transgene activation within ectopic Polycomb chromatin required proximity of dCas9-MYB to the transcriptional start site. Our report demonstrates the use of MYB in the context of the CRISPR-activation system, showing that DNA elements and fusion proteins derived from c-myb can mitigate epigenetic silencing to improve transgene expression in engineered cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassandra M. Barrett
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, 501 East Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA;
| | - Reilly McCracken
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Villanova University, 217 White Hall, 800 East Lancaster Avenue, Villanova, PA 19085, USA; (R.M.); (J.E.)
| | - Jacob Elmer
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Villanova University, 217 White Hall, 800 East Lancaster Avenue, Villanova, PA 19085, USA; (R.M.); (J.E.)
| | - Karmella A. Haynes
- School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering, Arizona State University, 501 East Tyler Mall, Tempe, AZ 85287, USA;
- Wallace H. Coulter Department of Biomedical Engineering, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA
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20
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Jiang Y, Zhong M, Long F, Yang R. Deciphering the Active Ingredients and Molecular Mechanisms of Tripterygium hypoglaucum (Levl.) Hutch against Rheumatoid Arthritis Based on Network Pharmacology. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2020; 2020:2361865. [PMID: 32015751 DOI: 10.1155/2020/2361865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Tripterygium hypoglaucum (Levl.) Hutch (THH) shows well clinical effect on rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but the active ingredients and molecular mechanisms remain unclear. This work was designed to explore these issues by network pharmacology. Compounds from THH were gathered by retrieving literatures. Compound-related and RA-related genes were identified using databases, and the overlapping genes were identified by Venn diagram. The active ingredients and genes of THH against RA were confirmed by dissecting interactions between overlapping genes and compounds using Cytoscape. SystemsDock website was used to further verify the combining degree of key genes with active ingredients. Pathway enrichment analysis was performed to decipher the mechanisms of THH against RA by Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery. A total of 123 compounds were collected, and 110 compounds-related and 1871 RA-related genes were identified, including 64 overlapping genes. The target genes and active ingredients of THH against RA comprised 64 genes and 17 compounds, the focus of which was PTGS2, triptolide, and celastrol. SystemsDock website indicated that the combing degree of PTGS2 with triptolide or celastrol was very good. The mechanisms of THH against RA were linked to 31 signaling pathways, and the key mechanism was related to inhibition of inflammation response through inactivating TNF and NF-kappa B signaling pathways. This work firstly explored the active ingredients and mechanisms of THH against RA by network pharmacology and provided evidence to support clinical effects of THH on RA.
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Bi J, Li J, Chen S, Rao J, Xie Y, Yang H, Wang L, Cheng B. Catalpol ameliorates type II collagen-induced arthritis in rats and inhibits LPS-stimulated inflammatory response in SW982 human synovial cells. J Funct Foods 2019; 59:291-300. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
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22
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Wong VKW, Qiu C, Xu SW, Law BYK, Zeng W, Wang H, Michelangeli F, Dias IRDSR, Qu YQ, Chan TW, Han Y, Zhang N, Mok SWF, Chen X, Yu L, Pan H, Hamdoun S, Efferth T, Yu WJ, Zhang W, Li Z, Xie Y, Luo R, Jiang Q, Liu L. Ca 2+ signalling plays a role in celastrol-mediated suppression of synovial fibroblasts of rheumatoid arthritis patients and experimental arthritis in rats. Br J Pharmacol 2019; 176:2922-2944. [PMID: 31124139 PMCID: PMC6637043 DOI: 10.1111/bph.14718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2018] [Revised: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Purpose Celastrol exhibits anti‐arthritic effects in rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but the role of celastrol‐mediated Ca2+ mobilization in treatment of RA remains undefined. Here, we describe a regulatory role for celastrol‐induced Ca2+ signalling in synovial fibroblasts of RA patients and adjuvant‐induced arthritis (AIA) in rats. Experimental Approach We used computational docking, Ca2+ dynamics and functional assays to study the sarcoplasmic/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase pump (SERCA). In rheumatoid arthritis synovial fibroblasts (RASFs)/rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast‐like synoviocytes (RAFLS), mechanisms of Ca2+‐mediated autophagy were analysed by histological, immunohistochemical and flow cytometric techniques. Anti‐arthritic effects of celastrol, autophagy induction, and growth rate of synovial fibroblasts in AIA rats were monitored by microCT and immunofluorescence staining. mRNA from joint tissues of AIA rats was isolated for transcriptional analysis of inflammatory genes, using siRNA methods to study calmodulin, calpains, and calcineurin. Key Results Celastrol inhibited SERCA to induce autophagy‐dependent cytotoxicity in RASFs/RAFLS via Ca2+/calmodulin‐dependent kinase kinase‐β–AMP‐activated protein kinase–mTOR pathway and repressed arthritis symptoms in AIA rats. BAPTA/AM hampered the in vitro and in vivo effectiveness of celastrol. Inflammatory‐ and autoimmunity‐associated genes down‐regulated by celastrol in joint tissues of AIA rat were restored by BAPTA/AM. Knockdown of calmodulin, calpains, and calcineurin in RAFLS confirmed the role of Ca2+ in celastrol‐regulated gene expression. Conclusion and Implications Celastrol triggered Ca2+ signalling to induce autophagic cell death in RASFs/RAFLS and ameliorated arthritis in AIA rats mediated by calcium‐dependent/‐binding proteins facilitating the exploitation of anti‐arthritic drugs based on manipulation of Ca2+ signalling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincent Kam Wai Wong
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Congling Qiu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Su-Wei Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China.,Department of Basic Medicine, Zhuhai Health School, Zhuhai, China
| | - Betty Yuen Kwan Law
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Wu Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Hui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | | | | | - Yuan Qing Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Tsz Wai Chan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Yu Han
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Ni Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Simon Wing Fai Mok
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Xi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Lu Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Hudan Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Sami Hamdoun
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Efferth
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biology, Institute of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Wen Jing Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Zheng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
| | - Yuesheng Xie
- Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Riqiang Luo
- Guangdong General Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou, China
| | - Quan Jiang
- Department of Rheumatology, Guang-An-Men Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Macau University of Science and Technology, Macau, China
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Boșca AB, Ilea A, Sorițău O, Tatomir C, Miklášová N, Pârvu AE, Mihu CM, Melincovici CS, Fischer-Fodor E. Modulatory effect of curcumin analogs on the activation of metalloproteinases in human periodontal stem cells. Eur J Oral Sci 2019; 127:304-312. [PMID: 31270880 DOI: 10.1111/eos.12625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Periodontitis progresses due to increased levels of active metalloproteinases (MMPs) and the imbalance between MMPs and their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs). Natural curcumin limits the lytic activity of MMPs but has low cellular uptake. Use of synthetic curcumin analogs could be a means of overcoming this limitation of treatment efficiency. Human periodontal stem cells were isolated from gingival tissue, gingival ligament fibers, periodontal ligament, and alveolar bone. The effect of five synthetic curcumin analogs was compared with that of natural curcumin by assessing cytotoxicity [by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay], the cellular uptake (by fluorometry), the proteolytic activities of MMP-2 and -9 (by zymography), and the levels of TIMP-1 (by ELISA). Our results indicated increased cytotoxicity of synthetic curcumins for doses between 100 and 250 μM. At a concentration of 10 μM, cellular uptake of synthetic curcumins varied depending on their chemical structure. The curcumin compounds modulated pro-MMP-2 levels and increased TIMP-1 production. There was no detectable synthesis of pro-MMP-9 and no activation of MMPs 2 and 9. Gingival tissue and gingival ligament fiber stem cells were most responsive to treatment, showing inverse correlations between pro-MMP-2 and TIMP-1 levels. In conclusion, synthetic curcumins influenced the balance between pro-MMP-2 and TIMP-1 in human periodontal stem cells in vitro, and this could open perspectives for their application as adjuvants in periodontal therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adina B Boșca
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy 'Iuliu Hatieganu' Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Aranka Ilea
- Department of Oral Rehabilitation, Oral Health and Dental Office Management, Faculty of Dental Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy 'Iuliu Hatieganu' Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Olga Sorițău
- Radiotherapy, Tumor and Radiobiology Laboratory, 'Ion Chiricuță' Institute of Oncology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Corina Tatomir
- Radiotherapy, Tumor and Radiobiology Laboratory, 'Ion Chiricuță' Institute of Oncology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Natalia Miklášová
- Department of Chemical Theory of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Alina E Pârvu
- Department of Physiopathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy 'Iuliu Hatieganu' Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Carmen M Mihu
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy 'Iuliu Hatieganu' Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Carmen S Melincovici
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy 'Iuliu Hatieganu' Cluj-Napoca, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Eva Fischer-Fodor
- Radiotherapy, Tumor and Radiobiology Laboratory, 'Ion Chiricuță' Institute of Oncology, Cluj-Napoca, Romania.,Medfuture Research Center, University of Medicine and Pharmacy 'Iuliu Hatieganu' Cluj Napoca, Cluj Napoca, Romania
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Guo J, Wang Y, Wang N, Bai Y, Shi D. Celastrol Attenuates Intrahepatic Cholestasis of Pregnancy by Inhibiting Matrix Metalloproteinases-2 and 9. Ann Hepatol 2019; 18:40-47. [PMID: 31113607 DOI: 10.5604/01.3001.0012.7860] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Accepted: 11/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND AIM Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 and MMP-9 are reported to participate in several pregnancy-related diseases, including intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP), which is a severe liver disorder in pregnant women. Meanwhile, ample evidences have demonstrated that celastrol inhibits the activity and expression of MMPs. The present study aims to examine the effect of celastrol to alleviate symptoms of ICP in rat model. MATERIAL AND METHODS By inducing ICP with 17 - ethinylestradiol in pregnant female rats, we assessed the impact of celastrol administration on symptoms of ICP, such as the rate of bile flow, the level of total bile acids (TBA), and the activities of MMP-2 and -9. Furthermore, the correlations between the levels of MMPs with the examined ICP symptoms were investigated. RESULTS In rats with ICP, both MMP-2 and -9 exhibited significantly elevated activities, which were inhibited by the administration of celastrol. Furthermore, ICP symptoms such as bile flow rate and total TBA were restored by celastrol. Lastly, there were strong correlations between levels of the two MMPs and TBA. CONCLUSION Our findings described for the first time the effects of celastrol to attenuate ICP symptoms through an inhibition of both MMP-2 and -9, providing evidence for a potential role of celastrol as a new drug for the treatment of ICP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Guo
- Cangzhou Central Hospital, No. 16, Xinhuazhong Road, Cangzhou City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yong Wang
- Cangzhou Central Hospital, No. 16, Xinhuazhong Road, Cangzhou City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Na Wang
- Cangzhou Central Hospital, No. 16, Xinhuazhong Road, Cangzhou City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Yulai Bai
- Cangzhou Central Hospital, No. 16, Xinhuazhong Road, Cangzhou City, Hebei Province, China
| | - Dandan Shi
- Cangzhou Central Hospital, No. 16, Xinhuazhong Road, Cangzhou City, Hebei Province, China.
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Jiang H, Ji CL, Yang K, Zhang W, Zuo J. Fatty oil from Securidaca inappendiculata exerted therapeutic effects on adjuvant-induced arthritis in mice via suppression on fibroblast-like synoviocyte. Kaohsiung J Med Sci 2018; 34:616-625. [PMID: 30392568 DOI: 10.1016/j.kjms.2018.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2018] [Revised: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 06/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Securidaca inappendiculata Hassk. (SI) is a medicinal plant used to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in South China. A substantial amount of fatty oil was isolated from SI (SIF), however little knowledge about its chemical composition and medicinal potentials was obtained. In this study, we analyzed its chemical composition with methyl esterification based GC-MS method, and investigated the therapeutic potentials on adjuvant-induced arthritis (AA) in mice. MTT and western-blot methods were employed to investigate its effects on proliferation rate and protein expressions in MH7A cells, respectively. It was revealed SIF was mainly comprised of saturated and monosaturated fatty acids, and the two predominant compounds were palmitic acid (36.89%) and oleic acid (31.12%). Treatment with SIF at 100 mg/kg resulted in significant alleviation of AA severity in mice, together with reduced synovial hyperplasia and inflammatory infiltration in joints, and decreased levels of sialic acid, malondialdehyde and alkaline phosphatase in serum. Results from immunohistochemical assays hinted the protective effects of SIF on joints were associated to the inhibition on production of some pathological factors in synovium, including IL-1β, TNF-α and MMP-9. SIF inhibited the proliferation of MH7A cells in a concentration dependent manner, and abrogated phosphorylation of p65 in vitro. These evidences collectively suggested SIF could suppress the pathological functions of fibroblast-like synoviocyte, and protect joints from destruction under AA conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jiang
- Department of Pharmacy, Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Cong-Lan Ji
- Department of Pharmacy, Anhui College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhu, China
| | - Kui Yang
- Department of Pharmacy, Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Jian Zuo
- Department of Pharmacy, Yijishan Hospital, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.
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26
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Ma HP, Deng X, Chen DY, Zhu D, Tong JL, Zhao T, Ma JH, Liu YQ. A microfluidic chip-based co-culture of fibroblast-like synoviocytes with osteoblasts and osteoclasts to test bone erosion and drug evaluation. R Soc Open Sci 2018; 5:180528. [PMID: 30839692 PMCID: PMC6170564 DOI: 10.1098/rsos.180528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Targeting fibroblast-like synoviocyte (FLS) migration and invasion-mediated bone erosion is a promising clinical strategy for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Drug sensitivity testing is fundamental to this scheme. We designed a microfluidic chip-based, cell co-cultured platform to mimic RA FLS-mediated bone erosion and perform drug-sensitive assay. Human synovium SW982 cells were cultured in the central channel and migrated to flow through matrigel-coated side channels towards cell culture chamber where RANKL-stimulated osteoclastic RAW264.7 and osteogenic medium (OS)-stimulated bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSC) were cultured in the microfluidic chip device, mimicking FLS migration and invasion-mediated bone erosion in RA. These SW982 cells showed different migration potentials to osteoclasts and BMSC. The migration of SW982 cells with high expression of cadherin-11 was more potent when SW982 cells were connected with the co-culture of RAW264.7 and BMSC. Simultaneously, in the co-cultured chamber, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity of RANKL-stimulated RAW264.7 cells was enhanced, but alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was decreased in comparison with mono-cultured chamber. Furthermore, it was confirmed that celastrol, a positive drug for the treatment of RA, inhibited SW982 cell migration as well as TRAP activity in the cell-cultured microfluidic chips. Thus, the migration and invasion to bone-related cells was reconstituted on the microfluidic model. It may provide an effective anti-RA drug screen model for targeting FLS migration-mediated bone erosion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Peng Ma
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Deng
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Deng-Yi Chen
- College of Laboratory Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Di Zhu
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Ling Tong
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Ting Zhao
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Hui Ma
- People's Liberation Army No. 202 Hospital, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan-Qiu Liu
- Institute (College) of Integrative Medicine, Dalian Medical University, Dalian 116044, People's Republic of China
- Author for correspondence: Yan-Qiu Liu e-mail:
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Kashyap D, Sharma A, Tuli HS, Sak K, Mukherjee T, Bishayee A. Molecular targets of celastrol in cancer: Recent trends and advancements. Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2018; 128:70-81. [DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2018.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2017] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
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Qian YY, Shi YY, Lu SH, Yang T, Zhao XY, Yan Y, Li WY, Liu YQ. Extracts of Celastrus Orbiculatus Inhibit Cancer Metastasis by Down-regulating Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition in Hypoxia-Induced Human Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells. Chin J Integr Med 2018; 25:334-341. [PMID: 30046956 DOI: 10.1007/s11655-018-2562-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the effects of Celastrus Orbiculatus extracts (COE) on metastasis in hypoxia-induced hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2) and to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms. METHODS The effect of COE (160, 200 and 240 µ g/mL) on cell viability, scratch-wound, invasion and migration were studied by 3-4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl-2,5-diphenyl-2-H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT), scratch-wound and transwell assays, respectively. CoCl2 was used to establish a hypoxia model in vitro. Effects of COE on the expressions of E-cadherin, vimentin and N-cadherin were investigated with Western blot and immunofluorescence analysis, respectively. RESULTS COE inhibited proliferation and metastasis of hypoxia-induced hepatocellular carcinoma cells in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.01). Furthermore, the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) related markers were also remarkably suppressed in a dose-dependent manner (P<0.01). In addition, the upstream signaling pathways, including the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 α (Hif-1 α) and Twist1 were suppressed by COE. Additionally, the Hif-1 α inhibitor 3-5'-hydroxymethyl-2'-furyl)-1-benzylindazole (YC-1), potently suppressed cell invasion and migration as well as expression of EMT in hypoxia-induced HepG2 cells. Similarly, the combined treatment with COE and YC-1 showed a synergistic effect (P<0.01) compared with the treatment with COE or YC-1 alone in hypoxia-induced HepG2 cells. CONCLUSIONS COE significantly inhibited the tumor metastasis and EMT by suppressing Hif-1 α/Twist1 signaling pathway in hypoxia-induced HepG2 cell. Thus, COE might have potential effect to inhibit the progression of HepG2 in the context of tumor hypoxia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Yun Qian
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, China. .,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225001, China. .,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, China.
| | - You-Yang Shi
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, China
| | - Song-Hua Lu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, China
| | - Ting Yang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, China
| | - Xue-Yu Zhao
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, China
| | - Yan Yan
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, China
| | - Wen-Yuan Li
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, China
| | - Yan-Qing Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu Province, 225009, China
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Choi S, Lee K, Jung H, Park N, Kang J, Nam KH, Kim EK, Ju JH, Kang KY. Kruppel-Like Factor 4 Positively Regulates Autoimmune Arthritis in Mouse Models and Rheumatoid Arthritis in Patients via Modulating Cell Survival and Inflammation Factors of Fibroblast-Like Synoviocyte. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1339. [PMID: 29997611 PMCID: PMC6030377 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/29/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that causes mild to severe joint inflammation. During RA pathogenesis, fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS) acquire a tumor-like phenotype and mediate cartilage destruction both directly and indirectly by producing proinflammatory cytokines and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). Kruppel-like factor (KLF) 4, a member of the KLF family, plays significant roles in cell survival, proliferation, and differentiation. A recent study reported increased expression of KLF4 in synovial tissue from RA patients. However, its precise role in RA in different models, including mouse autoimmune disease models, remains unclear. In this study, we examined the role of KLF4 during development of autoimmune arthritis in mouse models. To do this, we used KLF4 knockout mice rendered by ribonucleic acid (RNA)-guided endonuclease (RGEN) and performed collagen antibody-induced arthritis (CAIA). We found that deletion of KLF4 reduces inflammation induced by CAIA. In addition, we assessed collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in control mice and KLF4-overexpressing mice generated by a minicircle vector treatment. Severity of CIA in mice overexpressing KLF4 was greater than that in mice injected with control vector. Finally, we verified the inflammatory roles of KLF4 in CIA by treating Kenpaullone which is used as KLF4 inhibitor. Next, we focused on human/mouse FLS to discover the cellular process involved in RA pathogenesis including proliferation, apoptosis, and inflammation including MMPs. In FLS, KLF4 upregulated expression of mRNA encoding proinflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-6. KLF4 also regulated expression of matrix metallopeptidase 13 in the synovium. We found that blockade of KLF4 in FLS increased apoptosis and suppressed proliferation followed by downregulation of antiapoptotic factor BCL2. Our results indicate that KLF4 plays a crucial role in pathogenesis of inflammatory arthritis in vivo, by regulating apoptosis, MMP expression, and cytokine expression by FLS. Thus, KLF4 might be a novel transcription factor for generating RA by modulating cellular process of FLS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seungjin Choi
- CiSTEM Laboratory, Catholic iPSC Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
- School of Biological Sciences, Institute of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Cancer Biomedical Science, Research Institute, National Cancer Center, Goyang, South Korea
| | - Kijun Lee
- CiSTEM Laboratory, Catholic iPSC Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Hyerin Jung
- CiSTEM Laboratory, Catholic iPSC Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Narae Park
- CiSTEM Laboratory, Catholic iPSC Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jaewoo Kang
- CiSTEM Laboratory, Catholic iPSC Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ki-Hoan Nam
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Eun-Kyeong Kim
- Laboratory Animal Resource Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience & Biotechnology (KRIBB), Cheongju, South Korea
| | - Ji Hyeon Ju
- CiSTEM Laboratory, Catholic iPSC Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul St. Mary’s Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Kwi Young Kang
- Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Incheon St. Mary’s Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Incheon, South Korea
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Xiao S, Zhang M, He Z, Wang D. Celastrol attenuates symptoms of preeclampsia in rats by inhibiting matrix metalloproteinase-9. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 830:33-38. [PMID: 29694830 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2018.04.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Preeclampsia is reported in pregnant women around the world and often causes maternal/fetal mortality and morbidity. In the current study, we assessed the efficacy of celastrol on a rat preeclampsia model induced by Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester hydrochloride (L-NAME). Pregnant rats were administered L-NAME to establish preeclampsia. A total of 48 animals were randomly assigned into 4 groups (n = 12 each): control, control plus celastrol treatment (control+celastrol), preeclampsia, and preeclampsia plus celastrol. Physiological parameters including total urine protein, urine volume and blood pressure were evaluated. Urinary messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of podocin and nephrin were determined using RT-PCR. Further, levels of serum placenta growth factor (PlGF), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and renal renal soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1) were also measured. In rats with preeclampsia, there were robust increases in total urine protein, urine volume and blood pressure, which were significantly attenuated in rats treated with celastrol. Urinary mRNA levels of podocin and nephrin, as well as PlGF, MMP-9 and sFlt-1, were all reversed in preeclampsia plus celastrol group compared to rats in the preeclampsia group without celastrol treatments. MMP-9 overexpression in rats completely abolished the alleviating effect of celastrol. We hereby presented the first evidence that celastrol attenuated preeclampsia symptoms in an L-NAME-induced rat model of preeclampsia through inhibition of MMP-9 expression, supporting the potential therapeutic value of celastrol in the treatment of preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Xiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Zhenzhen He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China
| | - Deling Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin 300192, China.
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Zhang X, Wang Y, Ge HY, Gu YJ, Cao FF, Yang CX, Uzan G, Peng B, Zhang DH. Celastrol reverses palmitic acid (PA)-caused TLR4-MD2 activation-dependent insulin resistance via disrupting MD2-related cellular binding to PA. J Cell Physiol 2018; 233:6814-6824. [PMID: 29667734 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.26547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2018] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Elevated plasma statured fatty acids (FFAs) cause TLR4/MD2 activation-dependent inflammation and insulin tolerance, which account for the occurrence and development of obesity. It has been confirmed that statured palmitic acid (PA) (the most abundant FFA) could bind MD2 to cause cellular inflammation. The natural compound celastrol could improve obesity, which is suggested via inhibiting inflammation, yet the detailed mechanism for celastrol is still unclear. As celastrol is reported to directly target MD2, we thought disrupting the binding between FFAs and MD2 might be one of the ways for celastrol to inhibit FFAs-caused inflammation and insulin resistance. In this study, we found evidence to support our hypothesis: celastrol could reverse PA-caused TLR4/MD2 activation-dependent insulin resistance, as determined by glucose-lowering ability, cellular glucose uptake, insulin action-related proteins and TLR4/MD2/NF-κB activation. Bioinformatics and cellular experiments showed that both celastrol and PA could bind MD2, and that celastrol could expel PA from cells. Finally, celastrol could reverse high fat diet caused hyperglycemia and obesity, and liver NF-kB activations. Taking together, we proved that celastrol could reverses PA-caused TLR4-MD2 activation-dependent insulin resistance via disrupting PA binding to MD2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhang
- Sino-French Cooperative Central Lab, Shanghai Gongli Hospital, the Secondary Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Wang
- Sino-French Cooperative Central Lab, Shanghai Gongli Hospital, the Secondary Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui-Ya Ge
- Sino-French Cooperative Central Lab, Shanghai Gongli Hospital, the Secondary Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,Graduate School, Ningxia Medical University, Ningxia, China
| | - Yi-Jun Gu
- Sino-French Cooperative Central Lab, Shanghai Gongli Hospital, the Secondary Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan-Fan Cao
- Sino-French Cooperative Central Lab, Shanghai Gongli Hospital, the Secondary Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chun-Xin Yang
- Pharmaceutical Department, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Georges Uzan
- Sino-French Cooperative Central Lab, Shanghai Gongli Hospital, the Secondary Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,U972, Inserm, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif Cedex, France
| | - Bin Peng
- Sino-French Cooperative Central Lab, Shanghai Gongli Hospital, the Secondary Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Deng-Hai Zhang
- Sino-French Cooperative Central Lab, Shanghai Gongli Hospital, the Secondary Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.,U972, Inserm, Paul Brousse Hospital, Villejuif Cedex, France
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Tao L, Xu M, Liu Y. The total terpenoids of Celastrus orbiculatus (TTC) inhibit NOX-dependent formation of PMA-induced neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs). EUR J INFLAMM 2018. [DOI: 10.1177/2058739218805667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Previously, we identified that Celastrus orbiculatus, a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, exhibited prominent anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor activities. More recently, the formation of neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) or NETosis has been recognized as a critical pathological event in the development of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. The present study is aimed to explore the pharmacological effect of the total terpenoids from the stems of C. orbiculatus (TTC) on NETosis and underlying mechanisms, which may provide fundamental knowledge for future utilization of the Chinese medicine. Human neutrophils were isolated by density gradient centrifugation; lactase dehydrogenase (LDH) assay was used to detect cytotoxic effect of TTC on neutrophils. Moreover, we established phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA)-induced NETosis. Quantitative and qualitative study of PMA-induced NET release was labeled by SYTOX™ Green. ROS production was determined by flow cytometry. The neutrophil NADPH oxidase (NOX) activity was assessed by lucigenin chemiluminescence assay, and the phosphorylation of NOX subunit was analyzed by immunoblot assay. TTC (5–80 μg.mL−1) had no predominant neutrophil cytotoxicity after 4 h exposure. PMA (200 ng.mL−1) significantly induced the formation of NETs after 4 h stimulus, whereas TTC dose-dependently (5–80 μg.mL−1) inhibited the process. TTC (40 μg.mL−1) blocked neutrophil elastase (NE) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) translocation from cytoplasm to nucleus and disrupted the formation of NET-associated deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA)–MPO and DNA–NE complexes. Moreover, TTC dose-dependently blocked PMA-mediated ROS production, and inhibited the NOX enzymatic activity of neutrophils upon PMA stimulus for 1 h. Finally, TTC suppressed PMA-induced phosphorylation of NOX subunit p40phox on Thr154 residue. TTC inhibited PMA-induced NOX phosphorylation, thereby suppressing NOX enzymatic activity and ROS generation in neutrophils undergoing NETosis. Consequently, TTC disrupted NETosis in the early stage of NOX-dependent NETs formation, which might serve as a promising anti-inflammatory agent by targeting suicidal NETosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Tao
- College of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- The State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Toxic Pathogens-Based Therapeutic Approaches of Gastric Cancer, College of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Min Xu
- College of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- The State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Toxic Pathogens-Based Therapeutic Approaches of Gastric Cancer, College of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
| | - Yanqing Liu
- College of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
- The State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Toxic Pathogens-Based Therapeutic Approaches of Gastric Cancer, College of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, China
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Xin W, Wang Q, Zhang D, Wang C. A new mechanism of inhibition of IL-1β secretion by celastrol through the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway. Eur J Pharmacol 2017; 814:240-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2017] [Revised: 08/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Kuzmich NN, Sivak KV, Chubarev VN, Porozov YB, Savateeva-Lyubimova TN, Peri F. TLR4 Signaling Pathway Modulators as Potential Therapeutics in Inflammation and Sepsis. Vaccines (Basel) 2017; 5:E34. [PMID: 28976923 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines5040034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 314] [Impact Index Per Article: 44.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2017] [Revised: 09/29/2017] [Accepted: 10/01/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Toll-Like Receptor 4 (TLR4) signal pathway plays an important role in initiating the innate immune response and its activation by bacterial endotoxin is responsible for chronic and acute inflammatory disorders that are becoming more and more frequent in developed countries. Modulation of the TLR4 pathway is a potential strategy to specifically target these pathologies. Among the diseases caused by TLR4 abnormal activation by bacterial endotoxin, sepsis is the most dangerous one because it is a life-threatening acute system inflammatory condition that still lacks specific pharmacological treatment. Here, we review molecules at a preclinical or clinical phase of development, that are active in inhibiting the TLR4-MyD88 and TLR4-TRIF pathways in animal models. These are low-molecular weight compounds of natural and synthetic origin that can be considered leads for drug development. The results of in vivo studies in the sepsis model and the mechanisms of action of drug leads are presented and critically discussed, evidencing the differences in treatment results from rodents to humans.
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Cascão R, Vidal B, Jalmari Finnilä MA, Lopes IP, Teixeira RL, Saarakkala S, Moita LF, Fonseca JE. Effect of celastrol on bone structure and mechanics in arthritic rats. RMD Open 2017; 3:e000438. [PMID: 28955491 PMCID: PMC5604704 DOI: 10.1136/rmdopen-2017-000438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is characterised by chronic inflammation leading to articular bone and cartilage damage. Despite recent progress in RA management, adverse effects, lack of efficacy and economic barriers to treatment access still limit therapeutic success. Therefore, safer and less expensive treatments that control inflammation and bone resorption are needed. We have previously shown that celastrol is a candidate for RA treatment. We have observed that it inhibits both interleukin (IL)-1β and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) in vitro, and that it has anti-inflammatory properties and ability to decrease synovial CD68+ macrophages in vivo. Herein our goal was to evaluate the effect of celastrol in local and systemic bone loss. METHODS Celastrol was administrated intraperitoneally at a dose of 1 µg/g/day to female Wistar adjuvant-induced arthritic rats. Rats were sacrificed after 22 days of disease progression, and blood, femurs, tibiae and paw samples were collected for bone remodelling markers quantification, 3-point bending test, micro-CT analysis, nanoindentation and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy measurements, and immunohistochemical evaluation. RESULTS We have observed that celastrol preserved articular structures and decreased the number of osteoclasts and osteoblasts present in arthritic joints. Moreover, celastrol reduced tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase 5b, procollagen type 1 amino-terminal propeptide and C terminal crosslinked telopeptide of type II collagen serum levels. Importantly, celastrol prevented bone loss and bone microarchitecture degradation. Celastrol also preserved bone nanoproperties and mineral content. Additionally, animals treated with celastrol had less fragile bones, as depicted by an increase in maximum load and yield displacement. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that celastrol reduces both bone resorption and cartilage degradation, and preserves bone structural properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Cascão
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Bruno Vidal
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Mikko Arttu Jalmari Finnilä
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Applied Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Inês Pascoal Lopes
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Rui Lourenço Teixeira
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Department of Rheumatology, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Norte, EPE, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon Academic Medical Centre, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Simo Saarakkala
- Research Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.,Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland
| | | | - João Eurico Fonseca
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Department of Rheumatology, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Norte, EPE, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon Academic Medical Centre, Lisbon, Portugal
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Ren R, Mao Y, Ruan Z, Wang Y, Zhang Y, Du J, Yu W. Celastrol attenuates ventilator induced lung injury in mouse through inhibition of MAPK pathway. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2017; 10:9302-9309. [PMID: 31966802 PMCID: PMC6965913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous studies have shown that celastrol has anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative and anti-tumor activities, but little is known about its protective effects on ventilator induced lung injury (VILI). This study is aimed to investigate the effects of celastrol on VILI and explore its potential mechanism. METHODS A total of 40 ICR male mice aged 7-9 weeks were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=10 per group): control group (Con), control + celastrol group (Con+Ce), mechanical ventilation group (Ven) and mechanical ventilation + celastrol group (Ven+Ce). The lungs were collected for histological examination, detection of W/D, and MPO, MDA, SOD, inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10 and TNF-α) by ELISA, p-P38 and p-JNK 1/2 protein by Western blotting, and collagen-1 and TGF-β mRNA expression by RT-PCR. RESULTS The W/D in the Ven group was significantly higher than the W/D in the Con group and the Ven+Ce group (both P<0.01). Mechanical ventilation for 4 h markedly increased lung MPO and MDA activity, TNF-α, IL-1β and IL-6, but dramatically reduced SOD and IL-10 (all P<0.01). However, celastrol pre-treatment compromised the increased MPO, MDA, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 (all P<0.01) and significantly increased SOD (P=0.035<0.05) and IL-10 (P<0.01). In addition, mRNA level of collagen-1 and TGF-β as well as p-P38 and p-JNK 1/2 protein expression increased significantly (P<0.01) after mechanical ventilation, which however were markedly reduced in the presence of celastrol pre-treatment. CONCLUSION Celastrol pre-treatment may exert anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects and related lung fibrosis to attenuate VILI in mice, which may be related to the inhibition of p-P38 and p-JNK 1/2 by MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rongrong Ren
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Second Military Medical UniversityShanghai 200438, China
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200092, China
| | - Yanfei Mao
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200092, China
| | - Zhengshang Ruan
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200092, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200092, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200092, China
| | - Junming Du
- Department of Anesthesiology and Surgical Intensive Care Unit, Xin Hua Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong UniversityShanghai 200092, China
| | - Weifeng Yu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, The Second Military Medical UniversityShanghai 200438, China
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Zhang B, Wang LS, Zhou YH. Elevated microRNA-125b promotes inflammation in rheumatoid arthritis by activation of NF-κB pathway. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 93:1151-1157. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.07.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2017] [Revised: 06/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/09/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Aravilli RK, Vikram SL, Kohila V. Phytochemicals as potential antidotes for targeting NF-κB in rheumatoid arthritis. 3 Biotech 2017; 7:253. [PMID: 28721679 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-017-0888-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2016] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune destructive arthropathy prevalent among people in the age group of 40-70 years. RA induces severe pain, swelling and stiffness of joints resulting in bone damage. RA leads to reduced life expectancy when left untreated. RA is characterized by synovial hyperplasia, infiltration of inflammatory cells resulting in formation of pannus. Synovial hyperplasia is mediated by proinflammatory cytokines, notably IL-1 and TNF-α. NF-κB is a predominant transcription factor in amplifying the inflammatory response. The translocation of activated NF-κB into the nucleus triggers the transcription of several genes that induce proinflammatory cytokine production. The inhibition of NF-κB translocation aids blocking the activation of proinflammatory cascades. The quest for more effective and side-effect free treatment for RA unveiled phytochemicals as efficacious and promising. Phytochemicals have been a source of therapeutic substances for many ailments from ancient times. Their therapeutic ability helps in developing potent and safe drugs targeting immune inflammatory diseases driven by NF-κB including RA. This review highlights the importance of NF-κB inflammatory cascade in RA so as to elucidate the crucial role of phytochemicals that inhibit the activity of NF-κB.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Kowshik Aravilli
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal, India
| | - S Laveen Vikram
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Alagappa University, Karaikudi, India
| | - V Kohila
- Department of Biotechnology, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal, India.
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Xiao S, Zhang M, Liang Y, Wang D. Celastrol synergizes with oral nifedipine to attenuate hypertension in preeclampsia: a randomized, placebo-controlled, and double blinded trial. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 11:598-603. [PMID: 28757108 DOI: 10.1016/j.jash.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2017] [Revised: 06/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Preeclampsia, a disease mainly manifesting as serious hypertension during pregnancy, affects expectant mothers around the globe. Celastrol, a naturally existing triterpenoid, is known to exhibit beneficial effects attenuating cardiovascular symptoms including hypertension. We here assessed the treatment outcome against preeclampsia with a combined use of celastrol and nifedipine. A total of 626 patients with preeclampsia were enrolled, screened, and assigned by random to groups receiving either nifedipine + placebo or nifedipine + celastrol orally. Time required to control hypertension as well as time before another hypertensive crisis were defined as primary end points. Secondary end points include the number of dosages required to control hypertension, as well as maternal and neonatal adverse effects. The time to control hypertension showed a marked reduction in nifedipine + celastrol group, while time before a new hypertensive crisis was significantly lengthened with the treatment, compared with the nifedipine + placebo group. The number of dosages required to control hypertension was also lower in the nifedipine + celastrol group. The two treatment groups were not statistically different regarding adverse effects, either maternal or neonatal. Results from the current study provide evidence for the potential role of celastrol serving as an effective and safe adjuvant to oral nifedipine against hypertension in patients with preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sha Xiao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ming Zhang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuan Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Deling Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tianjin First Center Hospital, Tianjin, China.
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Abstract
The identification of new bioactive compounds derived from medicinal plants with significant therapeutic properties has attracted considerable interest in recent years. Such is the case of the Tripterygium wilfordii (TW), an herb used in Chinese medicine. Clinical trials performed so far using its root extracts have shown impressive therapeutic properties but also revealed substantial gastrointestinal side effects. The most promising bioactive compound obtained from TW is celastrol. During the last decade, an increasing number of studies were published highlighting the medicinal usefulness of celastrol in diverse clinical areas. Here we systematically review the mechanism of action and the therapeutic properties of celastrol in inflammatory diseases, namely, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, inflammatory bowel diseases, osteoarthritis and allergy, as well as in cancer, neurodegenerative disorders and other diseases, such as diabetes, obesity, atherosclerosis, and hearing loss. We will also focus in the toxicological profile and limitations of celastrol formulation, namely, solubility, bioavailability, and dosage issues that still limit its further clinical application and usefulness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rita Cascão
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - João E Fonseca
- Instituto de Medicina Molecular, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal.,Rheumatology Department, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Norte, EPE, Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisbon Academic Medical Centre, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Luis F Moita
- Instituto Gulbenkian de Ciência, Oeiras, Portugal
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Wang H, Tao L, Ni T, Gu H, Jin F, Dai X, Feng J, Ding Y, Xiao W, Guo S, Hisamitsu T, Qian Y, Liu Y. Anticancer efficacy of the ethyl acetate extract from the traditional Chinese medicine herb Celastrus orbiculatus against human gastric cancer. J Ethnopharmacol 2017; 205:147-157. [PMID: 28476678 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2017.04.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/29/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) herb Celastrus orbiculatus is an important folk medicinal plant in China that has been used as an anti-inflammatory, antitumor, and analgesic in various diseases. The ethyl acetate extract of C. orbiculatus (C. orbiculatus extract, COE) was reported to show significant antitumor effects. However, no study in China or abroad has reported the effect and mechanism of COE in triggering apoptosis of gastric cancer (GC) cells. AIM OF STUDY To further uncover the molecular mechanism underlying COE's apoptotic and anti-proliferative effects and lay a foundation for the development of novel, effective antitumor TCM agents. MATERIALS AND METHODS The effect of COE on AGS and BGC-823 GC cell viability was examined using a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. Apoptosis of AGS and BGC-823 cells induced by COE was analyzed using flow cytometry and a mitochondrial membrane potential assay kit (JC-1). The proliferating GC cells were identified and examined using a 5-bromo-2'-deoxyuridine (BrdU) staining kit and flow cytometric analysis. A western blot assay was used to detect the effect of COE on apoptosis-related proteins, B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), Bcl-extra-large (Bcl-xL), Bcl-2-like protein 12 (Bcl-L12), Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax), and caspase as well as proliferation-related proteins, phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR)/p70s6k. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and an animal imaging technique were used to evaluate the microstructure of apoptotic GC cells and the effect of COE on tumor cell growth in vivo, respectively. RESULTS The results indicate that COE significantly inhibited proliferation and induced apoptosis of GC AGS and BGC-823 cell lines both in vivo and in vitro. COE significantly decreased the cell mitochondrial membrane potential. Moreover, COE downregulated the levels of Bcl-2, Bcl-xL, and PI3K/Akt/mTOR/p70s6k while those of Bax and caspase were upregulated. More interestingly, COE altered the microstructure of the mitochondria. CONCLUSION All these data collectively indicate that COE not only has significant antiproliferative effects but also has both in vivo and in vitro apoptotic effects. In addition, COE altered the structure and function of the mitochondria, which is another potential pathway for the antitumor activity of COE. These findings may provide a basis for the development of new anticancer TCM candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haibo Wang
- The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China; The State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Toxic Pathogens-Based Therapeutic Approaches of Gastric Cancer, Yangzhou 225000, China; Clinical Medicine College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China.
| | - Lide Tao
- The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China; The State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Toxic Pathogens-Based Therapeutic Approaches of Gastric Cancer, Yangzhou 225000, China.
| | - Tengyang Ni
- The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China; The State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Toxic Pathogens-Based Therapeutic Approaches of Gastric Cancer, Yangzhou 225000, China; Clinical Medicine College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China.
| | - Hao Gu
- The State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Toxic Pathogens-Based Therapeutic Approaches of Gastric Cancer, Yangzhou 225000, China; Clinical Medicine College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China.
| | - Feng Jin
- The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China; The State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Toxic Pathogens-Based Therapeutic Approaches of Gastric Cancer, Yangzhou 225000, China; Clinical Medicine College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China.
| | - Xiaojun Dai
- The State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Toxic Pathogens-Based Therapeutic Approaches of Gastric Cancer, Yangzhou 225000, China; Clinical Medicine College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China.
| | - Jun Feng
- The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China; The State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Toxic Pathogens-Based Therapeutic Approaches of Gastric Cancer, Yangzhou 225000, China; Clinical Medicine College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China.
| | - Yanbing Ding
- The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China.
| | - Weiming Xiao
- The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China.
| | - Shiyu Guo
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo 142, Japan.
| | - Tadashi Hisamitsu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo 142, Japan.
| | - Yayun Qian
- The State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Toxic Pathogens-Based Therapeutic Approaches of Gastric Cancer, Yangzhou 225000, China; Clinical Medicine College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China.
| | - Yanqing Liu
- The Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China; The State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine Key Laboratory of Toxic Pathogens-Based Therapeutic Approaches of Gastric Cancer, Yangzhou 225000, China; Clinical Medicine College of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225000, China.
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Abstract
Celastrol, a triterpenoid derived from traditional Chinese medicinal plants, has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer activities. Celastrol has shown preventive/therapeutic effects in experimental models of several chronic diseases. These include, chronic inflammatory and autoimmune diseases (e.g., rheumatoid arthritis, multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, inflammatory bowel disease, and psoriasis), neurodegenerative disorders (e.g., Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis), atherosclerosis, obesity, Type 2 diabetes, and cancer. Celastrol modulates intricate cellular pathways and networks associated with disease pathology, and it interrupts or redirects the aberrant cellular and molecular events so as to limit disease progression and facilitate recovery, where feasible. The major cell signaling pathways modulated by celastrol include the NF-kB pathway, MAPK pathway, JAK/STAT pathway, PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway, and antioxidant defense mechanisms. Furthermore, celastrol modulates cell proliferation, apoptosis, proteasome activity, heat-shock protein response, innate and adaptive immune responses, angiogenesis, and bone remodeling. Current understanding of the mechanisms of action of celastrol and information about its disease-modulating activities in experimental models have set the stage for testing celastrol in clinical studies as a therapeutic agent for several chronic human diseases.
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El-Tanbouly GS, El-Awady MS, Megahed NA, Salem HA, El-Kashef HA. The NF-κB inhibitor celastrol attenuates acute hepatic dysfunction induced by cecal ligation and puncture in rats. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 2017; 50:175-182. [PMID: 28189063 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2017.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 01/12/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2017] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Acute hepatic dysfunction associating sepsis is mediated mainly by toll-like receptor-4 (TLR-4)/nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB) inflammatory pathway. This study explores potential hepatoprotective effect of the NF-κB inhibitor celastrol in cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) model in rats. Protective effect of celastrol (1mg/kg, i.p., 1h before CLP) was illustrated after 24h by preventing CLP-induced hepatic histopathological changes and elevation in serum hepatic biomarkers [alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin (TB) and gamma aminotransferase (γ-GT)] without affecting mortality. Celastrol anti-inflammatory effect was illustrated by inhibiting increased serum and hepatic mRNA expression of interleukin-6 (IL-6) without affecting IL-10 elevation. Furthermore, celastrol inhibited CLP-induced elevations in hepatic mRNA expression of nuclear factor inhibitory protein kappa-B alpha (NFκBia), TLR-4, 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX) and prevented NF-κB/p65 nuclear translocation and activation. In conclusion, celastrol prevented CLP-induced acute hepatic dysfunction through its anti-inflammatory effect by attenuating NF-κB activation, TLR-4 and 5-LOX expression with subsequent reduction in pro-inflammatory IL-6.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghada S El-Tanbouly
- Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for science and technology, Gamasa, Egypt
| | - Mohammed S El-Awady
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
| | - Nermeen A Megahed
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hatem A Salem
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Hassan A El-Kashef
- Department of Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Delta University for science and technology, Gamasa, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Liu Y, Li M, He Q, Yang X, Ruan F, Sun G. Periploca forrestii Saponin Ameliorates Murine CFA-Induced Arthritis by Suppressing Cytokine Production. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:7941684. [PMID: 28057980 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7941684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Periploca forrestii Schltr. has been used as a Chinese folk medicine due to its versatile pharmacological effects such as promoting wounds and rheumatoid arthritis. However, the antiarthritic activity of Periploca forrestii saponin (PFS) and its active compound Periplocin has still not been demonstrated. Here, we evaluated the antiarthritic effects of PFS in adjuvant-induced arthritis (AIA) rats by intragastric administration at a dose of 50 mg/kg. The anti-inflammatory activities of Periplocin were also examined in LPS-induced AIA splenocytes and synoviocytes. PFS significantly ameliorated joint swelling; inhibited bone erosion in joints; lowered levels of IL-6 and TGF-β1 in AIA rat splenocyte; and reduced joint protein expression levels of phospho-STAT3 and IKKα. Using LPS-induced AIA splenocytes, we demonstrate that Periplocin suppressed the key proinflammatory cytokines levels of IL-6, IFN-γ, TGF-β1, and IL-13 and IL-22 and transcription factor levels of T-bet, GATA3, and C-Jun genes. Periplocin also suppressed LPS-induced cytokine secretion from synoviocytes. Our study highlights the antiarthritic activity of PFS and its derived Periplocin and the underlying mechanisms. These results provide a strong rationale for further testing and validation of the use of Periploca forrestii Schltr. as an alternative modality for the treatment of RA.
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Yang L, Liu Y, Wang M, Qian Y, Dai X, Zhu Y, Chen J, Guo S, Hisamitsu T. Celastrus orbiculatus extract triggers apoptosis and autophagy via PI3K/Akt/mTOR inhibition in human colorectal cancer cells. Oncol Lett 2016; 12:3771-3778. [PMID: 27895729 PMCID: PMC5104164 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2016.5213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Celastrus orbiculatus is used as a folk medicine in China for the treatment of numerous diseases. The ethyl acetate extract of Celastrus orbiculatus (COE) also displays a wide range of anti-cancer activities in the laboratory. However, the effectiveness of COE-induced autophagy and its mechanism of action in colorectal cancer cells have not been investigated thus far. The present study analyzed the effect of COE on HT-29 cell viability, apoptosis and autophagy using MTT assay, flow cytometry, transmission electron microscopy and western blotting. Additionally, the autophagy inhibitor 3-methyladenine and the autophagy inducer rapamycin were used to further explore the effects of COE-induced autophagy in HT-29 cells. The present study also examined whether the phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt/mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR)/p70 ribosomal protein S6 kinase (p70S6K) signaling pathway was involved in the regulation of COE-induced autophagy. The results revealed that COE inhibited HT-29 cell proliferation and decreased cell survival in a time- and dose-dependent manner, and that COE possessed the ability to induce both apoptosis and autophagy in HT-29 cells. Furthermore, autophagy and apoptosis induced by COE synergized to inhibit colorectal cancer growth. In addition, COE treatment decreased the phosphorylation of Akt and its downstream effectors mTOR and p70S6K. Taken together, these results demonstrate that both autophagy and apoptosis were activated during COE treatment of HT-29 cells, and that COE-induced autophagy decreases the viability of HT-29 cells via a mechanism that may depend on the PI3K/Akt/mTOR/p70S6K signaling pathway. Furthermore, compounds that induce autophagy administered in combination with COE may be an attractive strategy for enhancing the anti-tumor potency of COE in colorectal cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, P.R. China,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, P.R. China,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, P.R. China
| | - Yanqing Liu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, P.R. China,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, P.R. China,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, P.R. China,Correspondence to: Professor Yanqing Liu, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, 11 Huaihai Road, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, P.R. China, E-mail:
| | - Mei Wang
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, P.R. China,Department of Gastroenterology, The First People's Hospital of Yangzhou, The Second Clinical School of Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225000, P.R. China
| | - Yayun Qian
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, P.R. China,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, P.R. China,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, P.R. China
| | - Xiaojun Dai
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, P.R. China,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, P.R. China,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, P.R. China
| | - Yaodong Zhu
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, P.R. China,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, P.R. China,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, P.R. China
| | - Jue Chen
- Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, School of Medicine, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, P.R. China,Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Senile Diseases, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225001, P.R. China,Jiangsu Co-innovation Center for Prevention and Control of Important Animal Infectious Diseases and Zoonoses, Yangzhou, Jiangsu 225009, P.R. China
| | - Shiyu Guo
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
| | - Tadashi Hisamitsu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Showa University, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan
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Zhang Y, Xu YZ, Sun N, Liu JH, Chen FF, Guan XL, Li A, Wang F, Zhao QF, Wang HY, Song SS, Yu W, Zhao JN, Li XJ. Long noncoding RNA expression profile in fibroblast-like synoviocytes from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Res Ther 2016; 18:227. [PMID: 27716329 PMCID: PMC5053204 DOI: 10.1186/s13075-016-1129-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) have recently received wide attention as key molecules that mediate a variety of physiological and pathological processes by regulating gene expression; however, knowledge of lncRNAs in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is limited. Thus, we investigated the lncRNA expression profile in fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) from patients with RA and explored the function of abundantly expressed lncRNAs. Methods LncRNA and mRNA microarrays were performed to identify differentially expressed lncRNAs in RA FLSs compared with normal FLSs. Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to validate the results, and correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between these aberrantly expressed lncRNAs and clinical characteristics. A receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed to evaluate the diagnostic value of the lncRNAs identified. Results According to the gene expression profiles, 135 lncRNAs were differentially expressed between RA and normal FLSs. Furthermore, qPCR data showed that lncRNA ENST00000483588 was up-regulated and that three lncRNAs (ENST00000438399, uc004afb.1, and ENST00000452247) were down-regulated in RA FLSs. The expression level of ENST00000483588 was positively correlated with the level of C-reactive protein and the Simplified Disease Activity Index score. Moreover, the areas under the ROC curve were 0.85, 0.92, 0.97, and 0.92 for ENST00000483588, ENST00000438399, uc004afb.1, and ENST00000452247, respectively. Conclusions The results indicate that the dysregulation of ENST00000483588, ENST00000438399, uc004afb.1, and ENST00000452247 may be involved in the pathological processes of RA and that these lncRNAs may have potential value for the diagnosis and assessment of the disease activity of RA. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13075-016-1129-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Zhang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Yu-Zhong Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Ning Sun
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Jian-Hong Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Fang-Fang Chen
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Xiao-Long Guan
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Ang Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Fei Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Qin-Fei Zhao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Hai-Yong Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Shu-Sheng Song
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Wei Yu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Jian-Ning Zhao
- Department of Osteology, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002, China
| | - Xiao-Jun Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Jinling Hospital, School of Medicine, Nanjing University, 305 East Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210002, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Department of Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210093, China.
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Lv Q, Zhu XY, Xia YF, Dai Y, Wei ZF. Tetrandrine inhibits migration and invasion of rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes through down-regulating the expressions of Rac1, Cdc42, and RhoA GTPases and activation of the PI3K/Akt and JNK signaling pathways. Chin J Nat Med 2016; 13:831-841. [PMID: 26614458 DOI: 10.1016/s1875-5364(15)30087-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Tetrandrine (Tet), the main active constituent of Stephania tetrandra root, has been demonstrated to alleviate adjuvant-induced arthritis in rats. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of Tet on the migration and invasion of rheumatoid arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes (RA-FLS) and explore the underlying mechanisms. By using cultures of primary FLS isolated from synoviums of RA patients and cell line MH7A, Tet (0.3, 1 μmol·L(-1)) was proven to significantly impede migration and invasion of RA-FLS, but not cell proliferation. Tet also greatly reduced the activation and expressions of matrix degrading enzymes MMP-2/9, the expression of F-actin and the activation of FAK, which controlled the morphologic changes in migration process of FLS. To identify the key signaling pathways by which Tet exerts anti-migration effect, the specific inhibitors of multiple signaling pathways LY294002, Triciribine, SP600125, U0126, SB203580, and PDTC (against PI3K, Akt, JNK, ERK, p38 MAPK and NF-κB-p65, respectively) were used. Among them, LY294002, Triciribine, and SP600125 were shown to obviously inhibit the migration of MH7A cells. Consistently, Tet was able to down-regulate the activation of Akt and JNK as demonstrated by Western blotting assay. Moreover, Tet could reduce the expressions of migration-related proteins Rho GTPases Rac1, Cdc42, and RhoA in MH7A cells. In conclusion, Tet can impede the migration and invasion of RA-FLS, which provides a plausible explanation for its protective effect on RA. The underlying mechanisms involve the reduction of the expressions of Rac1, Cdc42, and RhoA, inhibition of the activation of Akt and JNK, and subsequent down-regulation of activation and/or expressions of MMP-2/9, F-actin, and FAK.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Lv
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Xian-Yang Zhu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yu-Feng Xia
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Yue Dai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
| | - Zhi-Feng Wei
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, Department of Pharmacology of Chinese Materia Medica, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China.
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Tokito A, Jougasaki M. Matrix Metalloproteinases in Non-Neoplastic Disorders. Int J Mol Sci 2016; 17:E1178. [PMID: 27455234 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17071178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 07/04/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
The matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are zinc-dependent endopeptidases belonging to the metzincin superfamily. There are at least 23 members of MMPs ever reported in human, and they and their substrates are widely expressed in many tissues. Recent growing evidence has established that MMP not only can degrade a variety of components of extracellular matrix, but also can cleave and activate various non-matrix proteins, including cytokines, chemokines and growth factors, contributing to both physiological and pathological processes. In normal conditions, MMP expression and activity are tightly regulated via interactions between their activators and inhibitors. Imbalance among these factors, however, results in dysregulated MMP activity, which causes tissue destruction and functional alteration or local inflammation, leading to the development of diverse diseases, such as cardiovascular disease, arthritis, neurodegenerative disease, as well as cancer. This article focuses on the accumulated evidence supporting a wide range of roles of MMPs in various non-neoplastic diseases and provides an outlook on the therapeutic potential of inhibiting MMP action.
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Venkatesha SH, Dudics S, Astry B, Moudgil KD. Control of autoimmune inflammation by celastrol, a natural triterpenoid. Pathog Dis 2016; 74:ftw059. [PMID: 27405485 DOI: 10.1093/femspd/ftw059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/02/2016] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Celastrol is a bioactive compound derived from traditional Chinese medicinal herbs of the Celastraceae family. Celastrol is known to possess anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities. Our studies have highlighted the immunomodulatory attributes of celastrol in adjuvant-induced arthritis (AA), an experimental model of human rheumatoid arthritis (RA). RA is an autoimmune disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the synovial lining of the joints, leading eventually to tissue damage and deformities. Identification of the molecular targets of celastrol such as the NF-κB pathway, MAPK pathway, JAK/STAT pathway and RANKL/OPG pathway has unraveled its strategic checkpoints in controlling arthritic inflammation and tissue damage in AA. The pathological events that are targeted and rectified by celastrol include increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines; an imbalance between pathogenic T helper 17 and regulatory T cells; enhanced production of chemokines coupled with increased migration of immune cells into the joints; and increased release of mediators of osteoclastic bone damage. Accordingly, celastrol is a promising candidate for further testing in the clinic for RA therapy. Furthermore, the results of other preclinical studies suggest that celastrol might also be beneficial for the treatment of a few other autoimmune diseases besides arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shivaprasad H Venkatesha
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 W. Baltimore Street, HSF-1, Suite 380, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Steven Dudics
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 W. Baltimore Street, HSF-1, Suite 380, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Brian Astry
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 W. Baltimore Street, HSF-1, Suite 380, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
| | - Kamal D Moudgil
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Division of Rheumatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, 685 W. Baltimore Street, HSF-1, Suite 380, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA Department of Medicine, Division of Rheumatology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA
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Jin XN, Yan EZ, Wang HM, Sui HJ, Liu Z, Gao W, Jin Y. Hyperoside exerts anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic effects in LPS-stimulated human fibroblast-like synoviocytes in vitro and in mice with collagen-induced arthritis. Acta Pharmacol Sin 2016; 37:674-86. [PMID: 27041460 DOI: 10.1038/aps.2016.7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Accepted: 01/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM Hyperoside is a flavonol glycoside mainly found in plants of the genera Hypericum and Crataegus, which has shown anti-oxidant, anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities. In this study, we investigated the effects of hyperoside on human rheumatoid fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) in vitro and on mouse collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) in vivo. METHODS FLSs were isolated from primary synovial tissues obtained from rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients and exposed to LPS (1 μg/mL). Cell viability and proliferation were measured with MTT and BrdU assay. Cell migration was assessed using wound-healing assay and Transwell assay. DNA binding of NF-κB was measured using a TransAM-NFkappaB kit. The localization of p65 subunit was detected with immunocytochemistry. CIA was induced in mice by primary immunization with Bovine Type II collagen (CII) emulsified in CFA, followed by a booster injection 3 weeks later. The arthritic mice were treated with hyperoside (25, 50 mg·kg(-1)·d(-1), ip) for 3 weeks, and the joint tissues were harvested for histological analysis. RESULTS Hyperoside (10, 50, 100 μmol/L) dose-dependently inhibited LPS-induced proliferation and migration of human RA FLSs in vitro. Furthermore, hyperoside decreased LPS-stimulated production of TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1 and MMP-9 in the cells. Moreover, hyperoside inhibited LPS-induced phosphorylation of p65 and IκBα, and suppressed LPS-induced nuclear translocation of p65 and DNA biding of NF-κB in the cells. Three-week administration of hyperoside significantly decreased the clinical scores, and alleviated synovial hyperplasia, inflammatory cell infiltration and cartilage damage in mice with CIA. CONCLUSION Hyperoside inhibits LPS-induced proliferation, migration and inflammatory responses in human RA FLSs in vitro by suppressing activation of the NF-κB signaling pathway, which contributes to the therapeutic effects observed in mice with CIA.
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