1
|
Wei PJ, Zhu AD, Cao R, Zheng C. Personalized Driver Gene Prediction Using Graph Convolutional Networks with Conditional Random Fields. Biology (Basel) 2024; 13:184. [PMID: 38534453 DOI: 10.3390/biology13030184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Revised: 03/03/2024] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Cancer is a complex and evolutionary disease mainly driven by the accumulation of genetic variations in genes. Identifying cancer driver genes is important. However, most related studies have focused on the population level. Cancer is a disease with high heterogeneity. Thus, the discovery of driver genes at the individual level is becoming more valuable but is a great challenge. Although there have been some computational methods proposed to tackle this challenge, few can cover all patient samples well, and there is still room for performance improvement. In this study, to identify individual-level driver genes more efficiently, we propose the PDGCN method. PDGCN integrates multiple types of data features, including mutation, expression, methylation, copy number data, and system-level gene features, along with network structural features extracted using Node2vec in order to construct a sample-gene interaction network. Prediction is performed using a graphical convolutional neural network model with a conditional random field layer, which is able to better combine the network structural features with biological attribute features. Experiments on the ACC (Adrenocortical Cancer) and KICH (Kidney Chromophobe) datasets from TCGA (The Cancer Genome Atlas) demonstrated that the method performs better compared to other similar methods. It can identify not only frequently mutated driver genes, but also rare candidate driver genes and novel biomarker genes. The results of the survival and enrichment analyses of these detected genes demonstrate that the method can identify important driver genes at the individual level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pi-Jing Wei
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei 230601, China
| | - An-Dong Zhu
- Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Ruifen Cao
- School of Computer Science and Technology, Anhui University, 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei 230601, China
| | - Chunhou Zheng
- School of Artificial Intelligence, Anhui University, 111 Jiulong Road, Hefei 230601, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Abstract
Adrenal cortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare and aggressive malignancy that poses challenging issues regarding the diagnostic workup. Indeed, no presurgical technique or clinical parameters can reliably distinguish between adrenal cortical adenomas, which are more frequent and have a favorable outcome, and ACC, and the final diagnosis largely relies on histopathologic analysis of the surgical specimen. However, even the pathologic assessment of malignancy in an adrenal cortical lesion is not straightforward and requires a combined evaluation of multiple histopathologic features. Starting from the Weiss score, which was developed in 1984, several histopathologic scoring systems have been designed to tackle the difficulties of ACC diagnosis. Dealing with specific histopathologic variants (eg, Liss-Weiss-Bisceglia scoring system for oncocytic ACC) or patient characteristics (eg, Wieneke index in the pediatric setting), these scores remarkably improved the diagnostic workup of ACC and its subtypes. Nevertheless, cases with misleading features or discordant correlations between pathologic findings and clinical behavior still occur. Owing to multicentric collaborative studies integrating morphologic features with ancillary immunohistochemical markers and molecular analysis, ACC has eventually emerged as a multifaceted, heterogenous malignancy, and, while innovative and promising approaches are currently being tested, the future clinical management of patients with ACC will mainly rely on personalized medicine and target-therapy protocols. At the dawn of the new Fifth World Health Organization classification of endocrine tumors, this review will tackle ACC from the pathologist's perspective, thus focusing on the main available diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive tissue-tethered features and biomarkers and providing relevant clinical and molecular correlates.
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang Y, Yang X, Liu Y, Ge L, Wang J, Sun X, Wu B, Wang J. Vav2 is a novel APP-interacting protein that regulates APP protein level. Sci Rep 2022; 12:12752. [PMID: 35882892 PMCID: PMC9325707 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-16883-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid precursor protein (APP) is a transmembrane protein that plays critical role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). It is also involved in many types of cancers. Increasing evidence has shown that the tyrosine phosphorylation site Y682 in the intracellular tail of APP is crucial for APP function. Here, we report that Vav2, a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF) for Rho family GTPase, is a novel interaction partner of APP. We found that Vav2-SH2 domain was able to bind directly to the Y682-phosphorylated intracellular tail of APP through isothermal titration calorimetry and NMR titrating experiments. The crystal structure of Vav2-SH2 in complex with an APP-derived phosphopeptide was determined to understand the structural basis of this recognition specificity. The interaction of APP and Vav2 in a full-length manner was further confirmed in cells by GST pull-down, co-immunoprecipitation and immunofluorescence staining experiments. In addition, we found overexpression of Vav2 could inhibit APP degradation and markedly increase the protein levels of APP and its cleavage productions in 20E2 cells, and this function of Vav2 required a functional SH2 domain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youjia Zhang
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China.,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaxin Yang
- Department of Neurology, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China.,Brain Research Institute, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yongrui Liu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Liang Ge
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Jiarong Wang
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China
| | - Xiulian Sun
- Brain Research Institute, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China. .,The Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Function Research, Chinese Ministry of Education, Chinese National Health Commission, Qilu Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, China. .,NHC Key Laboratory of Otorhinolaryngology, Qilu Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong, China.
| | - Bo Wu
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China.
| | - Junfeng Wang
- High Magnetic Field Laboratory, Key Laboratory of High Magnetic Field and Ion Beam Physical Biology, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, China. .,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China. .,Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
McCabe MJ, Pinese M, Chan CL, Sheriff N, Thompson TJ, Grady J, Wong M, Gauthier MEA, Puttick C, Gayevskiy V, Hajdu E, Wong SQ, Barrett W, Earls P, Lukeis R, Cheng YY, Lin RCY, Thomas DM, Watkins DN, Dinger ME, McCormack AI, Cowley MJ. Genomic stratification and liquid biopsy in a rare adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) case, with dual lung metastases. Cold Spring Harb Mol Case Stud 2019; 5:mcs.a003764. [PMID: 30936196 PMCID: PMC6549567 DOI: 10.1101/mcs.a003764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Adrenocortical carcinoma is a rare malignancy with a poor prognosis and few treatment options. Molecular characterization of this cancer remains limited. We present a case of an adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) in a 37-yr-old female, with dual lung metastases identified 1 yr following commencement of adjuvant mitotane therapy. As standard therapeutic regimens are often unsuccessful in ACC, we undertook a comprehensive genomic study into this case to identify treatment options and monitor disease progress. We performed targeted and whole-genome sequencing of germline, primary tumor, and both metastatic tumors from this patient and monitored recurrence over 2 years using liquid biopsy for ctDNA and steroid hormone measurements. Sequencing revealed the primary and metastatic tumors were hyperhaploid, with extensive loss of heterozygosity but few structural rearrangements. Loss-of-function mutations were identified in MSH2, TP53, RB1, and PTEN, resulting in tumors with mismatch repair signatures and microsatellite instability. At the cellular level, tumors were populated by mitochondria-rich oncocytes. Longitudinal ctDNA mutation and hormone profiles were unable to detect micrometastatic disease, consistent with clinical indicators of disease remission. The molecular signatures in our ACC case suggested immunotherapy in the event of disease progression; however, the patient remains free of cancer. The extensive molecular analysis presented here could be applied to other rare and/or poorly stratified cancers to identify novel or repurpose existing therapeutic options, thereby broadly improving diagnoses, treatments, and prognoses.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mark J McCabe
- Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia.,Hormones and Cancer Group, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Australia, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - Mark Pinese
- Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia.,Cancer Research Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - Chia-Ling Chan
- Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - Nisa Sheriff
- Hormones and Cancer Group, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia.,Department of Endocrinology, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - Tanya J Thompson
- Hormones and Cancer Group, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - John Grady
- Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - Marie Wong
- Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - Marie-Emilie A Gauthier
- Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - Clare Puttick
- Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - Velimir Gayevskiy
- Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - Elektra Hajdu
- Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - Stephen Q Wong
- Molecular and Translational Genomics Laboratory, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria 3000, Australia
| | - Wade Barrett
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - Peter Earls
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - Robyn Lukeis
- Department of Anatomical Pathology, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - Yuen Y Cheng
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2139, Australia
| | - Ruby C Y Lin
- Asbestos Diseases Research Institute, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2139, Australia.,Centre for Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, The Westmead Institute for Medical Research, Westmead, New South Wales 2145, Australia
| | - David M Thomas
- Cancer Research Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - D Neil Watkins
- Cancer Research Division, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - Marcel E Dinger
- Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Australia, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - Ann I McCormack
- Hormones and Cancer Group, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Australia, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia.,Department of Endocrinology, St Vincent's Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia
| | - Mark J Cowley
- Kinghorn Centre for Clinical Genomics, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia.,Faculty of Medicine, St Vincent's Clinical School, UNSW Australia, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia.,Computational Biology Group, Children's Cancer Institute, Kensington, New South Wales 2031, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Abstract
Careful morphological evaluation forms the basis of the workup of an adrenal cortical neoplasm. However, the adoption of immunohistochemical biomarkers has added tremendous value to enhance diagnostic accuracy. The authors provide a brief review of immunohistochemical biomarkers that have been used in the confirmation of adrenal cortical origin and in the detection of the source of functional adrenal cortical proliferations, as well as diagnostic, predictive, and prognostic biomarkers of adrenal cortical carcinoma. In addition, a brief section on potential novel theranostic biomarkers in the prediction of treatment response to mitotane and other relevant chemotherapeutic agents is also provided. In the era of precision and personalized medical practice, adoption of combined morphology and immunohistochemistry provides a new approach to the diagnostic workup of adrenal cortical neoplasms, reflecting the evolution of clinical responsibility of pathologists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ozgur Mete
- Department of Pathology, University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth Street, 11th floor, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada.
| | - Sylvia L Asa
- Department of Pathology, University Health Network, 200 Elizabeth Street, 11th floor, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Thomas J Giordano
- Departments of Pathology and Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Mauro Papotti
- Department of Pathology, Turin University at Molinette Hospital, Turin, Italy
| | - Hironobu Sasano
- Department of Pathology, Tohoku University School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan
| | - Marco Volante
- Department of Oncology, University of Turin at San Luigi Hospital, Turin University, Orbassano, Turin, Italy
| |
Collapse
|