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Tabrizi R, Amini E, Hormozi B, Behnia P, Aboul Hosn Centenero S. The Evaluation of Condylar Position Change in the Asymmetric Mandible Following Sagittal Split Osteotomy. J Craniofac Surg 2024:00001665-990000000-01435. [PMID: 38578104 DOI: 10.1097/scs.0000000000010110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The change of condyle position following orthognathic surgery affects the stability of treatments. This study aims to assess the correlation between the amount of condyles' position change and the severity of mandibular asymmetry following BSSO. MATERIALS AND METHODS This is a cross-sectional study. Subjects with asymmetric mandibular prognathism following BSSO were studied. Subjects were classified into 2 groups: group 1, subjects had mandibular asymmetry without occlusal cant and underwent BSSO. Group 2, subjects had mandibular asymmetry with occlusal cant and underwent BSSO+ Lefort I osteotomy. The condyle position was evaluated using cone-beam computer tomography (CBCT). Pearson's correlation test was used to assess any correlation between the condyle changes and the change in the mandible in sagittal and anterior-posterior directions. RESULTS A total of 44 subjects were studied. In group 1, the condyle tilted outward in the deviated condyle and inward in the non-deviated condyle immediately after osteotomy. After 12 months, both condyles showed a rotation relative to the original position. In group 2, the condyles of the deviated sides and non-deviated sides moved inferiorly after surgery (condylar sagging), which was more significant in the non-deviated sides. The condyle rotation was similar to group 1. The severity of asymmetry and occlusal cant correlate with the condylar position change in the two groups. CONCLUSION The severity of mandibular asymmetry correlates with the amount of condyles' position change immediately after BSSO. However, the condyles tend to return to their original position 12 months later.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reza Tabrizi
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran
| | - Ehsan Amini
- Departement of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, North Khorasan UNiversity of Medical Science, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Behnoush Hormozi
- Departement of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, North Khorasan UNiversity of Medical Science, Bojnurd, Iran
| | - Parsa Behnia
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran
| | - Samir Aboul Hosn Centenero
- Oral and Maxillofacial Department, Hospital Clinic de Barcelona, International University of Catalunya. Barcelona, Spain
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徐 心, 吴 灵, 宋 凤, 李 自, 张 益, 刘 筱. [Mandibular condyle localization in orthognathic surgery based on mandibular movement trajectory and its preliminary accuracy verification]. Beijing Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2024; 56:57-65. [PMID: 38318897 PMCID: PMC10845196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish and assess the precision of pre-surgical condyle position planning using mandibular movement trajectory data for orthognathic surgery. METHODS Skull data from large-field cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and dental oral scan data were imported into IVSPlan 1.0.25 software for 3D reconstruction and fusion, creating 3D models of the maxilla and mandible. Trajectory data of mandibular movement were collected using a mandibular motion recorder, and the data were integrated with the jaw models within the software. Subsequently, three-dimensional trajectories of the condyle were obtained through matrix transformations, rendering them visually accessible. A senior oral and maxillofacial surgeon with experience in both diagnosis and treatment of temporomandibular joint disease and orthognathic surgery selected the appropriate condyle position using the condyle movement trajectory interface. During surgical design, the mobile mandibular proximal segment was positioned accordingly. Routine orthognathic surgical planning was completed by determining the location of the mandibular distal segment, which was based on occlusal relationships with maxilla and facial aesthetics. A virtual mandible model was created by integrating data from the proximal and distal segment bone. Subsequently, a solid model was generated through rapid prototyping. The titanium plate was pre-shaped on the mandibular model, and the screw hole positions were determined to design a condylar positioning guide device. In accordance with the surgical plan, orthognathic surgery was performed, involving mandibular bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy (SSRO). The distal segment of the mandible was correctly aligned intermaxillary, while the proximal bone segment was positioned using the condylar positioning guide device and the pre-shaped titanium plate. The accuracy of this procedure was assessed in a study involving 10 patients with skeletal class Ⅱ malocclusion. Preoperative condyle location planning and intraoperative positioning were executed using the aforementioned techniques. CBCT data were collected both before the surgery and 2 weeks after the procedure, and the root mean square (RMS) distance between the preope-rative design position and the actual postoperative condyle position was analyzed. RESULTS The RMS of the condyle surface distance measured was (1.59±0.36) mm (95%CI: 1.35-1.70 mm). This value was found to be significantly less than 2 mm threshold recommended by the expert consensus (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION The mandibular trajectory may play a guiding role in determining the position of the mandibular proximal segment including the condyle in the orthognathic surgery. Through the use of a condylar positioning guide device and pre-shaped titanium plates, the condyle positioning can be personalized and customized with clinically acceptable accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- 心雨 徐
- />北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院口腔颌面外科,国家口腔医学中心,国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心,口腔生物材料和数字诊疗装备国家工程研究中心,口腔数字医学北京市重点实验室,北京 100081Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - 灵 吴
- />北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院口腔颌面外科,国家口腔医学中心,国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心,口腔生物材料和数字诊疗装备国家工程研究中心,口腔数字医学北京市重点实验室,北京 100081Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - 凤岐 宋
- />北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院口腔颌面外科,国家口腔医学中心,国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心,口腔生物材料和数字诊疗装备国家工程研究中心,口腔数字医学北京市重点实验室,北京 100081Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - 自力 李
- />北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院口腔颌面外科,国家口腔医学中心,国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心,口腔生物材料和数字诊疗装备国家工程研究中心,口腔数字医学北京市重点实验室,北京 100081Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - 益 张
- />北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院口腔颌面外科,国家口腔医学中心,国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心,口腔生物材料和数字诊疗装备国家工程研究中心,口腔数字医学北京市重点实验室,北京 100081Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - 筱菁 刘
- />北京大学口腔医学院·口腔医院口腔颌面外科,国家口腔医学中心,国家口腔疾病临床医学研究中心,口腔生物材料和数字诊疗装备国家工程研究中心,口腔数字医学北京市重点实验室,北京 100081Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China
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Eduardo Charles Pagotto L, Freitas de Morais E, de Santana Santos T, Pires Pastore G. Evaluating changes in the condylar head after orthognathic surgery with or without articular disc repositioning: a systematic review. Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2024:S0266-4356(24)00009-3. [PMID: 38521741 DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2024.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024]
Abstract
Failures in orthognathic surgery are associated with different factors, including those related to untreated or undiagnosed preoperative temporomandibular joint (TMJ) disorders. This systematic review aimed to assess potential alterations in the condylar head following orthognathic surgery. A systematic search for randomised controlled trials and retrospective studies was performed. For inclusion in the review, studies had to meet the following eligibility criteria according to the PICO framework: Patients: patients with orthognathic deformity and temporomandibular dysfunction (or temporomandibular osteoarthritis); Intervention: patients submitted to orthognathic surgery concomitantly with TMJ disjunction; Control: patients undergoing only orthognathic surgery with or without presurgical data; and Outcome: changes in temporomandibular joint position and volume. Nine studies met all the inclusion criteria and were selected for qualitative analysis. The results of this review show that simultaneous articular disc repositioning and orthognathic surgery provide better results in patients with preoperatively diagnosed condylar osteoarthritic changes. In conclusion, condylar remodelling (resorption/deposition) and its extent are determined by the direction of condylar displacement during surgery. Other factors such as age are also associated with the development of condylar resorption.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Gabriel Pires Pastore
- Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa do Hospital Sírio-Libanês (IEP), São Paulo (SP), Brazil.
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Jiang Y, Yang Z, Qi Y, Peng J, Li Z, Liu X, Yi B, Wang X, Chen G, Han B, Xu T, Jiang R. Early and 1-year postsurgical stability and its factors in patients with complicated skeletal Class Ⅲ malocclusion treated by conventional and surgery-first approach: A prospective cohort study. Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop 2023; 164:728-740. [PMID: 37516951 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2023.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 07/31/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION This study aimed to compare postsurgical stability between conventional (CSA) and surgery-first (SFA) approaches and investigate its prognostic factors in patients with a skeletal Class Ⅲ extraction. METHODS Twenty and 19 patients treated with LeFort I osteotomy and bilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy (BSSRO) with premolar extraction were enrolled in SFA and CSA groups, respectively. Serial cone-beam computed tomography images obtained before surgery, immediately after surgery (T1), 3 months after surgery, and 12 months after surgery were used for 3-dimensional quantitative analysis. The condyle was segmented for analyzing volumetric changes. Repeated measures analysis of variance, independent t test, and chi-square test were used to compare time-course and intergroup differences. Pearson and Kendall correlation and multivariate linear regression analyses were used to explore prognostic factors affecting skeletal stability. RESULTS In both CSA and SFA, postsurgical relapse mainly occurred in the mandible sagittal and vertical dimensions and during the first 3 months after surgery. Stability in SFA was significantly less than that in CSA. Intraoperatively, inferolateral condylar displacement with proximal segment inwards, clockwise rotation, and return movements after surgery were observed regardless of the treatment approach. The condylar volume remained stable over time. Multivariate regression analysis showed that posterior vertical dimension (VD) at T1 (-1.63 mm), surgical amount of mandibular setback (-10.33 mm), surgical condylar downwards displacement (-1.28 mm), and anterior overjet at T1 (6.43 mm) were the most important predictors of early mandibular relapse (r2 = 0.593). CONCLUSIONS The risk of early relapse could be reduced by controlling the anterior, middle, and posterior constraints provided by the prediction model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiran Jiang
- Department of Orthodontics, NHC Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhongpeng Yang
- Department of Orthodontics, NHC Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhan Qi
- Department of Orthodontics, NHC Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Jiale Peng
- Department of Orthodontics, NHC Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Zili Li
- Department of Orthodontics, NHC Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaojing Liu
- Department of Orthodontics, NHC Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Biao Yi
- Department of Orthodontics, NHC Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoxia Wang
- Department of Orthodontics, NHC Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Gui Chen
- Department of Orthodontics, NHC Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Bing Han
- Department of Orthodontics, NHC Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China
| | - Tianmin Xu
- Department of Orthodontics, NHC Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China; National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory for Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, Beijing, China.
| | - Ruoping Jiang
- Department of Orthodontics, NHC Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology, Beijing, China; National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Laboratory for Digital and Material Technology of Stomatology & Beijing Key Laboratory for Digital Stomatology & Research Center of Engineering and Technology for Computerized Dentistry Ministry of Health, Beijing, China.
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Telha W, Bi R, Abotaleb B, Al-Watary M, Sakran K, Zhu S, Jiang N. Condylar positional changes and remodeling following bimaxillary anterior segment osteotomy with and without Le Fort I osteotomy: a three-dimensional comparative analysis. Clin Oral Investig 2023; 27:5121-5130. [PMID: 37474831 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05132-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate 3D condylar displacement and long-term remodeling following the correction of bimaxillary protrusion by anterior segment osteotomy (ASO) with and without Le Fort I surgery. MATERIALS AND METHOD This retrospective study included 32 adults with bimaxillary protrusion who underwent ASO alone (group 1) or with concomitant Le Fort I osteotomy (group 2). Subject's computed tomography scans at basic (T0), immediate postoperatively (T1), and at 1 year or more follow-up (T2) were collected. The condyle displacement was measured at superior-inferior, lateromedially, and anteroposterior surfaces, while condyle remodeling was measured at the superior, lateral, anterior, medial, and posterior surfaces. All 3D analyses were performed using 3D Slicer software (4.11.2). RESULTS At T1, 52.7%, 86.7%, and 94.4% of condyles in group 1 were displaced inferiorly, laterally, and posteriorly, respectively, as well as 75%, 89.2%, and 53.5% of condyles in group 2, which had not fully returned to the original preoperative positions at T2. Condylar remodeling was observed in both groups at T2, and no significant difference was found in the overall condylar volume between T1 and T2 in both groups. Patients in group 2 exhibited significant bone resorption at both lateral and anterior surfaces compared to group 1 (P = 0.000 and 0.01, respectively). CONCLUSION This study's results demonstrated that ASO is associated with a degree of condylar changes even if the posterior mandible is not osteomized. The positional changes vary between bimaxillary ASO alone and those with simultaneous Le Fort I osteotomy. However, both groups' condyle volume remained stable at the long-term follow-up.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wael Telha
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, Section 3 of Renmin Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Rui Bi
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, Section 3 of Renmin Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Bassam Abotaleb
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, Section 3 of Renmin Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Ibb University, Ibb, Yemen
| | - Mohammed Al-Watary
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, Section 3 of Renmin Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Karim Sakran
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, Section 3 of Renmin Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Ibb University, Ibb, Yemen
| | - Songsong Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, Section 3 of Renmin Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
| | - Nan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases and National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases and Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, No. 14, Section 3 of Renmin Nan Road, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.
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Hupp LC, Verius M, Bertram A, Kolk A, Emshoff R. Modeling the effect of bilateral sagittal split osteotomy on posterior, superior and medial space dimensions of the temporomandibular joint: a retrospective controlled cohort study. BMC Oral Health 2023; 23:302. [PMID: 37198590 DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-02959-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To model the effect of isolated bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO) on changes in posterior (PSD), superior (SSD), and medial space dimensions (MSD) of the temporomandibular joint. METHODS Using a retrospective cohort study design, pre- and postoperative (immediately after surgery; 1 year follow-up) cone-beam computed tomography measurements of 36 patients who had undergone BSSO for mandibular advancement were compared with a control group of 25 subjects from whom a mandibular odontogenic cyst was removed under general anesthesia. Generalized estimation equation (GEE) models were used to examine the independent effects of study group, preoperative condylar position, and time points on PSD, SSD, and MSD adjusting for covariates (age, sex, and mandibular advancement). RESULTS No significant differences were found regarding changes in PSD (p = 0.144), SSD (p = 0.607), or MSD (p = 0.565) between the BSSO and control groups. However, the preoperative posterior condylar position showed significant effects on PSD (p < 0.001) and MSD (p = 0.043), while the preoperative central condylar position demonstrated a significant effect on PSD (p < 0.001). CONCLUSION The data suggest that preoperative posterior condylar position is a significant effect modifier of PSD and MSD over time in this cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linus Christian Hupp
- University Clinic of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Michael Verius
- University Clinic of Radiology, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Annika Bertram
- Department of Neuroradiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Andreas Kolk
- University Clinic of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Rüdiger Emshoff
- University Clinic of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Medical University of Innsbruck, Anichstraße 35, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.
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Togninalli D, Antonarakis GS, Schatz JP. Condylar resorption following mandibular advancement or bimaxillary osteotomies: A systematic review of systematic reviews. J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg 2022; 123:e948-e955. [PMID: 35263683 DOI: 10.1016/j.jormas.2022.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Several systematic reviews have been published on the effects of mandibular surgery on condylar remodeling without reaching a consensus. The purpose of this systematic review of systematic reviews was to assess the impact of mandibular advancement or bimaxillary surgeries on condylar resorption. A literature search, using several electronic databases, was carried out by two reviewers independently. Article preselection was based on titles and abstracts, and final article selection based on full-text analysis of preselected studies. After final study selection, the quality of studies was assessed using the AMSTAR 2 tool. A decision algorithm was subsequently established to choose the best body of evidence. From an initial yield of 1'848 articles, 23 systematic reviews were identified for further analysis, with ten studies being included in the final selection. Despite the generally low quality of the reviews, certain associations could be made: young patients, female patients, and those with a high mandibular plane angle are more prone to condylar resorption following mandibular advancement osteotomies, especially if anterior rotation of the mandible is performed during surgery. Patients undergoing bimaxillary surgery also appear to have a higher risk of developing condylar resorption. In conclusion, these results confirm the multi-factorial nature of condylar resorption, stressing the need for well-controlled prospective studies with long-term follow-up to clearly identify potential risk factors associated with orthognathic surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Togninalli
- Department of Orthodontics, University Clinic of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Gregory S Antonarakis
- Department of Orthodontics, University Clinic of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jean-Paul Schatz
- Department of Orthodontics, University Clinic of Dental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland
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Roman R, Almășan O, Hedeșiu M, Băciuț M, Bran S, Popa D, Ban A, Dinu C. Evaluation of the Mandibular Condyle Morphologic Relation before and after Orthognathic Surgery in Class II and III Malocclusion Patients Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography. Biology 2022; 11:biology11091353. [PMID: 36138832 PMCID: PMC9495726 DOI: 10.3390/biology11091353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2022] [Revised: 09/08/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary In individuals with severe malocclusions, orthognathic surgery seeks to rebalance the relationships between the jaws by providing a stable occlusion, a healthy muscle balance, and the functioning of the temporomandibular joint. Cone beam computed tomography may be used to determine the position of the mandibular condyle in the glenoid fossa. This study aimed to assess how the position of the mandibular condyle varies in class II and III malocclusions before and after bimaxillary orthognathic surgery. Before and after orthognathic surgery, 56 TMJs from 28 patients were studied. Following surgery, both class II and class III patients experienced changes in the anterior joint space, posterior joint space, condyle position, and condyle angle. The preliminary findings are promising for determining changes in condyle position and joint spaces that might guide oral and maxillofacial surgeons to address a debilitating clinical affliction. Abstract This study aimed at evaluating the mandibular condyle position changes before and after bimaxillary orthognathic surgery in class II and III malocclusion patients. CBCT scans from patients who underwent bimaxillary orthognathic surgery were analyzed: Le Fort I osteotomy and bilateral sagittal split osteotomy (BSSO). Both condyles were independently assessed for their largest anterior and posterior joint spaces, smallest medial joint spaces, and condyle angles concerning the transverse line. In the sagittal plane, the minimum size of the anterior and posterior joint spaces was measured. In the coronal plane, the smallest medial joint space was measured. The position of the condyle within the glenoid fossa was determined before and after surgery. A total of 56 TMJs from 28 patients were studied. Following orthognathic surgery, the anterior and posterior space in class II increased. Postoperatively, the anterior joint space in class III decreased. In 42.85% of malocclusion class II patients and 57.14% of malocclusion class III patients, the pre-and post-surgical position of the condyle changed, the condyle was anteriorly positioned (42.85%) in class II patients and centrically positioned (71.4%) in class III patients. Significant changes in the joint space, condylar position, and condyle angle were found in the class II and class III subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raluca Roman
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Iuliu Hossu Street, 400029 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Oana Almășan
- Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Dental Materials, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 32 Clinicilor Street, 400006 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Mihaela Hedeșiu
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Iuliu Hossu Street, 400029 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Mihaela Băciuț
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Iuliu Hossu Street, 400029 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Simion Bran
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Iuliu Hossu Street, 400029 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Daiana Popa
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Iuliu Hossu Street, 400029 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Alina Ban
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Iuliu Hossu Street, 400029 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Cristian Dinu
- Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Implantology, Iuliu Hațieganu University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 37 Iuliu Hossu Street, 400029 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
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Pachnicz D, Stróżyk P. A Biomechanical Analysis of Muscle Force Changes After Bilateral Sagittal Split Osteotomy. Front Physiol 2021; 12:679644. [PMID: 34149457 PMCID: PMC8209381 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.679644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
A basic procedure affecting maxillofacial geometry is the bilateral sagittal split osteotomy. During the surgery, the bony segments are placed in a new position that provides the correct occlusion. Changes in the geometry of the mandible will affect the surrounding structures and will have a significant impact on the functioning of the masticatory system. As a result of the displacement of the bone segment, the biomechanical conditions change, i.e., the load and the position of the muscles. The primary aim of this study was to determine the changes in the values of the muscular forces caused by mandible geometry alteration. The study considered the translation and rotation of the distal segment, as well as rotations of the proximal segments in three axes. Calculations were performed for the unilateral, static loading of a model based on rigid body mechanics. Muscles were modeled as spring elements, and a novel approach was used to determine muscle stiffness. In addition, an attempt was made, based on the results obtained for single displacements separately, to determine the changes in muscle forces for geometries with complex displacements. Based on the analysis of the results, it was shown that changes in the geometry of the mandibular bone associated with the bilateral sagittal split osteotomy will have a significant effect on the values of the masticatory muscle forces. Displacement of the distal segment has the greatest effect from -21.69 to 26.11%, while the proximal segment rotations affected muscle force values to a less extent, rarely exceeding 1%. For Yaw and Pitch rotations, the opposite effect of changes within one muscle is noticed. Changes in muscle forces for complex geometry changes can be determined with a high degree of accuracy by the appropriate summation of results obtained for simple cases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dominik Pachnicz
- Faculty of Mechanical Engineering, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Przemysław Stróżyk
- Department of Mechanics, Materials and Biomedical Engineering, Wrocław University of Science and Technology, Wrocław, Poland
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