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Bardi G, Boselli L, Pompa PP. Anti-inflammatory potential of platinum nanozymes: mechanisms and perspectives. Nanoscale 2023; 15:14284-14300. [PMID: 37584343 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr03016d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/17/2023]
Abstract
Inflammation is a complex process of the body in response to pathogen infections or dysregulated metabolism, involving the recruitment and activation of immune system components. Repeated dangerous stimuli or uncontrolled immune effector mechanisms can result in tissue injury. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) play key roles in physiological cell signaling as well as in the destruction of internalized pathogens. However, aberrant ROS production and release have deleterious effects on the surrounding environment, making ROS regulation a priority to reduce inflammation. Most of the current anti-inflammatory therapies rely on drugs that impair the release of pro-inflammatory mediators. Nevertheless, increasing the enzymatic activity to reduce ROS levels could be an alternative or complementary therapeutic approach to decrease inflammation. Nanozymes are nanomaterials with high catalytic activity that mimic natural enzymes, allowing biochemical reactions to take place. Such functional particles typically show different and regenerable oxidation states or catalytically reactive surfaces offering long-term activity and stability. In this scenario, platinum-based nanozymes (PtNZs) exhibit broad and efficient catalytic functionalities and can reduce inflammation mainly through ROS scavenging, e.g. by catalase and superoxide dismutase reactions. Dose-dependent biocompatibility and immune compatibility of PtNZs have been shown in different cells and tissues, both in vitro and in vivo. Size/shape/surface engineering of the nanozymes could also potentiate their efficacy to act at different sites and/or steps of the inflammation process, such as cytokine removal or specific targeting of activated leukocytes. In the present review, we analyze key inflammation triggering processes and the effects of platinum nanozymes under exemplificative inflammatory conditions. We further discuss potential platinum nanozyme design and improvements to modulate and expand their anti-inflammatory action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Bardi
- Nanobiointeractions & Nanodiagnostics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy.
| | - Luca Boselli
- Nanobiointeractions & Nanodiagnostics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy.
| | - Pier Paolo Pompa
- Nanobiointeractions & Nanodiagnostics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy.
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2
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Mikhailova EO. Green Synthesis of Platinum Nanoparticles for Biomedical Applications. J Funct Biomater 2022; 13:jfb13040260. [PMID: 36412901 PMCID: PMC9680517 DOI: 10.3390/jfb13040260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The diverse biological properties of platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) make them ideal for use in the development of new tools in therapy, diagnostics, and other biomedical purposes. "Green" PtNPs synthesis is of great interest as it is eco-friendly, less energy-consuming and minimizes the amount of toxic by-products. This review is devoted to the biosynthesis properties of platinum nanoparticles based on living organisms (bacteria, fungi, algae, and plants) use. The participation of various biological compounds in PtNPs synthesis is highlighted. The biological activities of "green" platinum nanoparticles (antimicrobial, anticancer, antioxidant, etc.), the proposed mechanisms of influence on target cells and the potential for their further biomedical application are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina O Mikhailova
- Institute of Innovation Management, Kazan National Research Technological University, K. Marx Street 68, 420015 Kazan, Russia
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3
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Lubojanski A, Dobrzynski M, Nowak N, Rewak-Soroczynska J, Sztyler K, Zakrzewski W, Dobrzynski W, Szymonowicz M, Rybak Z, Wiglusz K, Wiglusz RJ. Application of Selected Nanomaterials and Ozone in Modern Clinical Dentistry. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2021; 11:259. [PMID: 33498453 DOI: 10.3390/nano11020259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
This review is an attempt to summarize current research on ozone, titanium dioxide (TiO2), silver (Ag), copper oxide CuO and platinum (Pt) nanoparticles (NPs). These agents can be used in various fields of dentistry such as conservative dentistry, endodontic, prosthetic or dental surgery. Nanotechnology and ozone can facilitate the dentist’s work by providing antimicrobial properties to dental materials or ensuring a decontaminated work area. However, the high potential of these agents for use in medicine should be confirmed in further research due to possible side effects, especially in long duration of observation so that the best way to apply them can be obtained.
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4
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Fahmy SA, Preis E, Bakowsky U, Azzazy HME. Platinum Nanoparticles: Green Synthesis and Biomedical Applications. Molecules 2020; 25:E4981. [PMID: 33126464 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25214981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) have superior physicochemical properties and great potential in biomedical applications. Eco-friendly and economic approaches for the synthesis of PtNPs have been developed to overcome the shortcomings of the traditional physical and chemical methods. Various biogenic entities have been utilized in the green synthesis of PtNPs, including mainly plant extracts, algae, fungi bacteria, and their biomedical effects were assessed. Other biological derivatives have been used in the synthesis of PtNPs such as egg yolk, sheep milk, honey, and bovine serum albumin protein. The green approaches for the synthesis of PtNPs have reduced the reaction time, the energy required, and offered ambient conditions of fabrication. This review highlights the state-of-the-art methods used for green synthesis of PtNPs, synthesis parameters, and their reported biomedical applications.
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5
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Sengupta D, Goswami S, Banerjee R, Guberman-Pfeffer MJ, Patra A, Dutta A, Pramanick R, Narasimhan S, Pradhan N, Batista V, Venkatesan T, Goswami S. Size-selective Pt siderophores based on redox active azo-aromatic ligands. Chem Sci 2020; 11:9226-9236. [PMID: 34123171 PMCID: PMC8163438 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc02683b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
We demonstrate a strategy inspired by natural siderophores for the dissolution of platinum nanoparticles that could enable their size-selective synthesis, toxicological assessment, and the recycling of this precious metal. From the fabrication of electronics to biomedical diagnosis and therapy, PtNPs find increasing use. Mitigating concerns over potential human toxicity and the need to recover precious metal from industrial debris motivates the study of bio-friendly reagents to replace traditional harsh etchants. Herein, we report a family of redox-active siderophore-viz. π-acceptor azo aromatic ligands (L) that spontaneously ionize and chelate Pt atoms selectively from nanoparticles of size ≤6 nm. The reaction produces a monometallic diradical complex, PtII(L˙-)2, isolated as a pure crystalline compound. Density functional theory provides fundamental insights on the size dependent PtNP chemical reactivity. The reported findings reveal a generalized platform for designing π-acceptor ligands to adjust the size threshold for dissolution of Pt or other noble metals NPs. Our approach may, for example, be used for the generation of Pt-based therapeutics or for reclamation of Pt nano debris formed in catalytic converters or electronic fabrication industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debabrata Sengupta
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science Jadavpur Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Sreetosh Goswami
- NUSNNI-NanoCore, National University of Singapore Singapore 117411 Singapore .,NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering (NGS), National University of Singapore Singapore 117456 Singapore.,Department of Physics, National University of Singapore Singapore 117542 Singapore
| | - Rajdeep Banerjee
- Theoretical Sciences Unit, School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research Jakkur Bangalore 560064 India
| | | | - Abhijeet Patra
- NUSNNI-NanoCore, National University of Singapore Singapore 117411 Singapore
| | - Anirban Dutta
- School of Materials Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science Jadavpur Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Rajib Pramanick
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science Jadavpur Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Shobhana Narasimhan
- Theoretical Sciences Unit, School of Advanced Materials, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research Jakkur Bangalore 560064 India
| | - Narayan Pradhan
- School of Materials Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science Jadavpur Kolkata 700032 India
| | - Victor Batista
- Department of Chemistry, Yale University 225 Prospect Street New Haven Connecticut 06520 USA .,Energy Sciences Institute, Yale University 810 West Campus Drive West Haven Connecticut 06516 USA
| | - T Venkatesan
- NUSNNI-NanoCore, National University of Singapore Singapore 117411 Singapore .,NUS Graduate School for Integrative Sciences and Engineering (NGS), National University of Singapore Singapore 117456 Singapore.,Department of Physics, National University of Singapore Singapore 117542 Singapore.,Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore Singapore 117583 Singapore.,Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National University of Singapore Singapore 117575 Singapore
| | - Sreebrata Goswami
- School of Chemical Sciences, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science Jadavpur Kolkata 700032 India
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Jeyaraj M, Gurunathan S, Qasim M, Kang MH, Kim JH. A Comprehensive Review on the Synthesis, Characterization, and Biomedical Application of Platinum Nanoparticles. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2019; 9:E1719. [PMID: 31810256 PMCID: PMC6956027 DOI: 10.3390/nano9121719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 28.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2019] [Revised: 11/22/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) are noteworthy scientific tools that are being explored in various biotechnological, nanomedicinal, and pharmacological fields. They are unique because of their large surface area and their numerous catalytic applications such as their use in automotive catalytic converters and as petrochemical cracking catalysts. PtNPs have been widely utilized not only in the industry, but also in medicine and diagnostics. PtNPs are extensively studied because of their antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer properties. So far, only one review has been dedicated to the application of PtNPs to nanomedicine. However, no studies describe the synthesis, characterization, and biomedical application of PtNPs. Therefore, the aim of this review is to provide a comprehensive assessment of the current knowledge regarding the synthesis, including physical, chemical, and biological and toxicological effects of PtNPs on human health, in terms of both in vivo and in vitro experimental analysis. Special attention has been focused on the biological synthesis of PtNPs using various templates as reducing and stabilizing agents. Finally, we discuss the biomedical and other applications of PtNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology and Humanized Pig Center (SRC), Konkuk Institute of Technology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea; (M.J.); (S.G.); (M.Q.); (M.-H.K.)
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7
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Itohiya H, Matsushima Y, Shirakawa S, Kajiyama S, Yashima A, Nagano T, Gomi K. Organic resolution function and effects of platinum nanoparticles on bacteria and organic matter. PLoS One 2019; 14:e0222634. [PMID: 31536547 PMCID: PMC6752831 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0222634] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Rapid progress has been made in terms of metal nanoparticles studied in numerous fields. Metal nanoparticles have also been used in medical research, and antibacterial properties and anticancer effects have been reported. However, the underlying mechanism responsible for these effects has not been fully elucidated. Therefore, the present study focused on platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) and examined their antibacterial properties and functional potential for decomposing organic matter, considering potential applications in the dental field. PtNPs were allowed to react with dental-related bacteria (Streptococcus mutans; Enterococcus faecalis, caries; Porphyromonas gingivalis, and endodontic and periodontal lesions). Antibacterial properties were evaluated by measuring colony formation. In addition, PtNPs were allowed to react with albumin and lipopolysaccharides (LPSs), and the functional potential to decompose organic matter was evaluated. All evaluations were performed in vitro. Colony formation in all bacterial species was completely suppressed by PtNPs at concentrations of >5 ppm. The addition of PtNPs at concentrations of >10 ppm significantly increased fragmentation and decomposition. The addition of PtNPs at concentrations of >125 pico/mL to 1 EU/mL LPS resulted in significant amounts of decomposition and elimination. The results revealed that PtNPs had antibacterial effects against dental-related bacteria and proteolytic potential to decompose proteins and LPS, an inflammatory factor associated with periodontal disease. Therefore, the use and application of PtNPs in periodontal and endodontic treatment is considered promising.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroo Itohiya
- Department of Periodontology, Tsurumi University, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi, Tsurumi ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Yuji Matsushima
- Department of Periodontology, Tsurumi University, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi, Tsurumi ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Shirakawa
- Department of Periodontology, Tsurumi University, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi, Tsurumi ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Sohtaro Kajiyama
- Department of Periodontology, Tsurumi University, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi, Tsurumi ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Akihiro Yashima
- Department of Periodontology, Tsurumi University, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi, Tsurumi ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Takatoshi Nagano
- Department of Periodontology, Tsurumi University, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi, Tsurumi ku, Yokohama, Japan
| | - Kazuhiro Gomi
- Department of Periodontology, Tsurumi University, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi, Tsurumi ku, Yokohama, Japan
- * E-mail:
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8
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Breisch M, Grasmik V, Loza K, Pappert K, Rostek A, Ziegler N, Ludwig A, Heggen M, Epple M, Tiller JC, Schildhauer TA, Köller M, Sengstock C. Bimetallic silver-platinum nanoparticles with combined osteo-promotive and antimicrobial activity. Nanotechnology 2019; 30:305101. [PMID: 30959494 DOI: 10.1088/1361-6528/ab172b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
Bimetallic alloyed silver-platinum nanoparticles (AgPt NP) with different metal composition from Ag10Pt90 to Ag90Pt10 in steps of 20 mol% were synthesized. The biological effects of AgPt NP, including cellular uptake, cell viability, osteogenic differentiation and osteoclastogenesis as well as the antimicrobial activity towards Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli were analyzed in comparison to pure Ag NP and pure Pt NP. The uptake of NP into human mesenchymal stem cells was confirmed by cross-sectional focused-ion beam preparation and observation by scanning and transmission electron microscopy in combination with energy-dispersive x-ray analysis. Lower cytotoxicity and antimicrobial activity were observed for AgPt NP compared to pure Ag NP. Thus, an enhanced Ag ion release due to a possible sacrificial anode effect was not achieved. Nevertheless, a Ag content of at least 50 mol% was sufficient to induce bactericidal effects against both Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli. In addition, a Pt-related (≥50 mol% Pt) osteo-promotive activity on human mesenchymal stem cells was observed by enhanced cell calcification and alkaline phosphatase activity. In contrast, the osteoclastogenesis of rat primary precursor osteoclasts was inhibited. In summary, these results demonstrate a combinatory osteo-promotive and antimicrobial activity of bimetallic Ag50Pt50 NP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Breisch
- BG University Hospital Bergmannsheil Bochum/Surgical Research, Ruhr University Bochum, Buerkle-de-la-Camp-Platz 1, D-44789 Bochum, Germany
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9
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Lin CX, Gu JL, Cao JM. The acute toxic effects of platinum nanoparticles on ion channels, transmembrane potentials of cardiomyocytes in vitro and heart rhythm in vivo in mice. Int J Nanomedicine 2019; 14:5595-5609. [PMID: 31413565 PMCID: PMC6660630 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s209135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) have been considered a nontoxic nanomaterial and been clinically used in cancer chemotherapy. PtNPs can also be vehicle exhausts and environmental pollutants. These situations increase the possibility of human exposure to PtNPs. However, the potential biotoxicities of PtNPs including that on cardiac electrophysiology have been poorly understood. Methods Ion channel currents of cardiomyocytes were recorded by patch clamp. Heart rhythm was monitored by electrocardiogram recording. Morphology and characteristics of PtNPs were examined by transmission electron microscopy, dynamic light scattering and electrophoretic light scattering analyses. Results In cultured neonatal mice ventricular cardiomyocytes, PtNPs with diameters 5 nm (PtNP-5) and 70 nm (PtNP-70) concentration-dependently (10–9 – 10–5 g/mL) depolarized the resting potentials, suppressed the depolarization of action potentials and delayed the repolarization of action potentials. At the ion channel level, PtNPs decreased the current densities of INa, IK1 and Ito channels, but did not affect the channel activity kinetics. In vivo, PtNP-5 and PtNP-70 dose-dependently (3–10 mg/kg, i.v.) decreased the heart rate and induced complete atrioventricular conduction block (AVB) at higher doses. Both PtNP-5 and PtNP-70 (10–9 – 10–5 g/mL) did not significantly increase the generation of ROS and leak of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) from cardiomyocytes within 5 mins after exposure except that only very high PtNP-5 (10–5 g/mL) slightly increased LDH leak. The internalization of PtNP-5 and PtNP-70 did not occur within 5 mins but occurred 1 hr after exposure. Conclusion PtNP-5 and PtNP-70 have similar acute toxic effects on cardiac electrophysiology and can induce threatening cardiac conduction block. These acute electrophysiological toxicities of PtNPs are most likely caused by a nanoscale interference of PtNPs on ion channels at the extracellular side, rather than by oxidative damage or other slower biological processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cai-Xia Lin
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology (Shanxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China.,Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Jing-Li Gu
- Department of Physiology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Ji-Min Cao
- Key Laboratory of Cellular Physiology (Shanxi Medical University), Ministry of Education, Department of Physiology, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, People's Republic of China
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Gurunathan S, Jeyaraj M, Kang MH, Kim JH. The Effects of Apigenin-Biosynthesized Ultra-Small Platinum Nanoparticles on the Human Monocytic THP-1 Cell Line. Cells 2019; 8:E444. [PMID: 31083475 PMCID: PMC6562931 DOI: 10.3390/cells8050444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 05/06/2019] [Accepted: 05/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Generally, platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) are considered non-toxic; however, toxicity depends on the size, dose, and physico-chemical properties of materials. Owing to unique physico-chemical properties, PtNPs have emerged as a material of interest for several biomedical applications, particularly therapeutics. The adverse effect of PtNPs on the human monocytic cell line (THP-1) is not well-established and remains elusive. Exposure to PtNPs may trigger oxidative stress and eventually lead to inflammation. To further understand the toxicological properties of PtNPs, we studied the effect of biologically synthesized ultra-small PtNPs on cytotoxicity, genotoxicity, and proinflammatory responses in the human monocytic cell line (THP-1). Our observations clearly indicated that PtNPs induce cytotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner by reducing cell viability and proliferation. The cytotoxicity of THP-1 cells correlated with an increase in the leakage of lactate dehydrogenase, generation of reactive oxygen species, and production of malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, and carbonylated proteins. The involvement of mitochondria in cytotoxicity and genotoxicity was confirmed by loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, lower ATP level, and upregulation of proapoptotic and downregulation of antiapoptotic genes. Decreases in the levels of antioxidants such as reduced glutathione (GSH), oxidized glutathione (GSH: GSSG), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and thioredoxin (TRX) were indicative of oxidative stress. Apoptosis was confirmed with the significant upregulation of key apoptosis-regulating genes. Oxidative DNA damage was confirmed by the increase in the levels of 8-oxodG and 8-oxoG and upregulation of DNA damage and repair genes. Finally, the proinflammatory responses to PtNPs was determined by assessing the levels of multiple cytokines such as interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, IL-8, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1). All the cytokines were significantly upregulated in a dose-dependent manner. Collectively, these observations suggest that THP-1 cells were vulnerable to biologically synthesized ultra-small PtNPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangiliyandi Gurunathan
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul -05029, Korea.
| | - Muniyandi Jeyaraj
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul -05029, Korea.
| | - Min-Hee Kang
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul -05029, Korea.
| | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul -05029, Korea.
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Gurunathan S, Jeyaraj M, Kang MH, Kim JH. Graphene Oxide⁻Platinum Nanoparticle Nanocomposites: A Suitable Biocompatible Therapeutic Agent for Prostate Cancer. Polymers (Basel) 2019; 11:E733. [PMID: 31018506 PMCID: PMC6523086 DOI: 10.3390/polym11040733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2019] [Revised: 04/14/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Metal nanoparticles and the combination of metal nanoparticles with graphene oxide are widely used in environmental, agriculture, textile, and therapeutic applications. The effect of graphene oxide-green platinum nanoparticles (GO-PtNPs) on human prostate cancer cells (LNCaP) is unclear. Therefore, this study aimed to synthesize a nanocomposite of GO-PtNPs and evaluate their effect on prostate cancer cells. Herein, we synthesized GO-PtNPs using vanillin and characterized GO-PtNPs. GO-PtNP cytotoxicity in LNCaP cells was demonstrated by measuring cell viability and proliferation. Both decreased in a dose-dependent manner compared to that by GO or PtNPs alone. GO-PtNP cytotoxicity was confirmed by increased lactate dehydrogenase release and membrane integrity loss. Oxidative stress induced by GO-PtNPs increased malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, and protein carbonyl contents. The effective reactive oxygen species generation impaired the cellular redox balance and eventually impaired mitochondria by decreasing the membrane potential and ATP level. The cytotoxicity to LNCaP cells was correlated with increased expression of proapoptotic genes (p53, p21, Bax, Bak, caspase 9, and caspase 3) and decreased levels of antiapoptotic genes (Bcl2 and Bcl-xl). Activation of the key regulators p53 and p21 inhibited the cyclin-dependent kinases Cdk2 and Cdk4, suggesting that p53 and p21 activation in GO-PtNP-treated cells caused genotoxic stress and apoptosis. The increased expression of genes involved in cell cycle arrest and DNA damage and repair, and increased levels of 8-oxo-deoxyguanosine and 8-oxoguanine suggested that GO-PtNPs potentially induce oxidative damage to DNA. Thus, GO-PtNPs are both cytotoxic and genotoxic. LNCaP cells appear to be more susceptible to GO-PtNPs than to GO or PtNPs. Therefore, GO-PtNPs have potential as an alternate and effective cancer therapeutic agent. Finally, this work shows that the combination of graphene oxide with platinum nanoparticles opens new perspectives in cancer therapy. However further detailed mechanistic studies are required to elucidate the molecular mechanism of GO-PtNPs induced cytotoxicity in prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sangiliyandi Gurunathan
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Muniyandi Jeyaraj
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Min-Hee Kang
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
| | - Jin-Hoi Kim
- Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul 05029, Korea.
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Nakashima A, Higashisaka K, Kusabiraki T, Aoki A, Ushijima A, Ono Y, Tsuda S, Shima T, Yoshino O, Nagano K, Yoshioka Y, Tsutsumi Y, Saito S. Autophagy is a new protective mechanism against the cytotoxicity of platinum nanoparticles in human trophoblasts. Sci Rep 2019; 9:5478. [PMID: 30940860 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-41927-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2018] [Accepted: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticles are widely used in commodities, and pregnant women are inevitably exposed to these particles. The placenta protects the growing fetus from foreign or toxic materials, and provides energy and oxygen. Here we report that autophagy, a cellular mechanism to maintain homeostasis, engulfs platinum nanoparticles (nPt) to reduce their cytotoxicity in trophoblasts. Autophagy was activated by nPt in extravillous trophoblast (EVT) cell lines, and EVT functions, such as invasion and vascular remodeling, and proliferation were inhibited by nPt. These inhibitory effects by nPt were augmented in autophagy-deficient cells. Regarding the dynamic state of nPt, analysis using ICP-MS demonstrated a higher accumulation of nPt in the autophagosome-rich than the cytoplasmic fraction in autophagy-normal cells. Meanwhile, there were more nPt in the nuclei of autophagy-deficient cells, resulting in greater DNA damage at a lower concentration of nPt. Thus, we found a new protective mechanism against the cytotoxicity of nPt in human trophoblasts.
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Tunçer S, Çolakoğlu M, Ulusan S, Ertaş G, Karasu Ç, Banerjee S. Evaluation of colloidal platinum on cytotoxicity, oxidative stress and barrier permeability across the gut epithelium. Heliyon 2019; 5:e01336. [PMID: 30963117 PMCID: PMC6434063 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2019.e01336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2018] [Revised: 01/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Colloidal platinum (Pt) is widely consumed due to its health promoting benefits. However, the exact biological effects of these nanoparticles have not been studied in detail, particularly in the gut. In the present study we observed that colloidal Pt was not cytotoxic towards three different epithelial colon cancer cell lines. Co-treatment of the colon cancer cell line Caco-2 with the oxidative stress inducing agent hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and colloidal Pt resulted in a significant decrease in H2O2 induced oxidative stress. Colloidal Pt by itself did not induce any oxidative stress. Additionally, both overnight pretreatment of Caco-2 cells with colloidal Pt followed by 1 h treatment with H2O2, or co-treatment of cells for 1 h with colloidal Pt and H2O2 resulted in a significant recovery of cell death. Of note, the same protective effects of colloidal Pt were not observed when the oxidative stress was induced in the presence of 2, 2-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride, indicating that the source of free radicals may define the outcome of anti-oxidant activity of colloidal Pt. Colloidal Pt was also able to cross a model intestinal barrier formed in vitro with differentiated Caco-2 cells easily. Overall, our data indicate that colloidal Pt was not toxic towards intestinal epithelial cells, reduced H2O2 induced oxidative stress, protected from oxidative stress related death of intestinal epithelial cells and could pass a model gut barrier easily. Colloidal Pt can therefore be consumed orally for its anti-oxidant and other health promoting benefits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sinem Tunçer
- Department of Biological Sciences, Orta Dogu Teknik Universitesi (ODTU/METU), Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Melis Çolakoğlu
- Department of Biological Sciences, Orta Dogu Teknik Universitesi (ODTU/METU), Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Sinem Ulusan
- Department of Chemistry, Orta Dogu Teknik Universitesi (ODTU/METU), Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Gülay Ertaş
- Department of Chemistry, Orta Dogu Teknik Universitesi (ODTU/METU), Ankara 06800, Turkey
| | - Çimen Karasu
- Department of Medical Pharmacology, Gazi University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara 06500, Turkey
| | - Sreeparna Banerjee
- Department of Biological Sciences and Cancer Systems Biology Laboratory (CanSyl), Orta Dogu Teknik Universitesi (ODTU/METU), Ankara 06800, Turkey
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14
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Labrador-Rached CJ, Browning RT, Braydich-Stolle LK, Comfort KK. Toxicological Implications of Platinum Nanoparticle Exposure: Stimulation of Intracellular Stress, Inflammatory Response, and Akt Signaling In Vitro. J Toxicol 2018; 2018:1367801. [PMID: 30364051 PMCID: PMC6188585 DOI: 10.1155/2018/1367801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to their distinctive physicochemical properties, platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) have emerged as a material of interest for a number of biomedical therapeutics. However, in some instances NP exposure has been correlated to health and safety concerns, including cytotoxicity, activation of cellular stress, and modification to normal cell functionality. As PtNPs have induced differential cellular responses in vitro, the goal of this study was to further characterize the behavior and toxicological potential of PtNPs within a HepG2 liver model. This study identified that a high PtNP dosage induced HepG2 cytotoxicity. However, lower, subtoxic PtNP concentrations were able to elicit multiple stress responses, secretion of proinflammatory cytokines, and modulation of insulin-like growth factor-1 dependent signal transduction. Taken together, this work suggests that PtNPs would not be overtly toxic for acute exposures, but sustained cellular interactions might produce long term health consequences.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rebecca T. Browning
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH 45469, USA
- Molecular Bioeffects Branch, Bioeffects Division, Airmen Systems Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH 45433, USA
| | - Laura K. Braydich-Stolle
- Molecular Bioeffects Branch, Bioeffects Division, Airmen Systems Directorate, Wright-Patterson Air Force Base, OH 45433, USA
| | - Kristen K. Comfort
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH 45469, USA
- Integrative Science and Engineering Center, University of Dayton, Dayton, OH 45469, USA
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15
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Nejdl L, Kudr J, Moulick A, Hegerova D, Ruttkay-Nedecky B, Gumulec J, Cihalova K, Smerkova K, Dostalova S, Krizkova S, Novotna M, Kopel P, Adam V. Platinum nanoparticles induce damage to DNA and inhibit DNA replication. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0180798. [PMID: 28704436 PMCID: PMC5507526 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0180798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2016] [Accepted: 06/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sparsely tested group of platinum nanoparticles (PtNPs) may have a comparable effect as complex platinum compounds. The aim of this study was to observe the effect of PtNPs in in vitro amplification of DNA fragment of phage λ, on the bacterial cultures (Staphylococcus aureus), human foreskin fibroblasts and erythrocytes. In vitro synthesized PtNPs were characterized by dynamic light scattering (PtNPs size range 4.8-11.7 nm), zeta potential measurements (-15 mV at pH 7.4), X-ray fluorescence, UV/vis spectrophotometry and atomic absorption spectrometry. The PtNPs inhibited the DNA replication and affected the secondary structure of DNA at higher concentrations, which was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction, DNA sequencing and DNA denaturation experiments. Further, cisplatin (CisPt), as traditional chemotherapy agent, was used in all parallel experiments. Moreover, the encapsulation of PtNPs in liposomes (LipoPtNPs) caused an approximately 2.4x higher of DNA damage in comparison with CisPt, LipoCisPt and PtNPs. The encapsulation of PtNPs in liposomes also increased their antibacterial, cytostatic and cytotoxic effect, which was determined by the method of growth curves on S. aureus and HFF cells. In addition, both the bare and encapsulated PtNPs caused lower oxidative stress (determined by GSH/GSSG ratio) in the human erythrocytes compared to the bare and encapsulated CisPt. CisPt was used in all parallel experiments as traditional chemotherapy agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukas Nejdl
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jiri Kudr
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Amitava Moulick
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Dagmar Hegerova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Branislav Ruttkay-Nedecky
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Jaromir Gumulec
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
- Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kristyna Cihalova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Kristyna Smerkova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Simona Dostalova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Sona Krizkova
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Marie Novotna
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Pavel Kopel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Vojtech Adam
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic
- Central European Institute of Technology, Brno University of Technology, Brno, Czech Republic
- * E-mail:
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16
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Menter DG, Patterson SL, Logsdon CD, Kopetz S, Sood AK, Hawk ET. Convergence of nanotechnology and cancer prevention: are we there yet? Cancer Prev Res (Phila) 2014; 7:973-92. [PMID: 25060262 DOI: 10.1158/1940-6207.capr-14-0079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Nanotechnology is emerging as a promising modality for cancer treatment; however, in the realm of cancer prevention, its full utility has yet to be determined. Here, we discuss the potential of integrating nanotechnology in cancer prevention to augment early diagnosis, precision targeting, and controlled release of chemopreventive agents, reduced toxicity, risk/response assessment, and personalized point-of-care monitoring. Cancer is a multistep, progressive disease; the functional and acquired characteristics of the early precancer phenotype are intrinsically different from those of a more advanced anaplastic or invasive malignancy. Therefore, applying nanotechnology to precancers is likely to be far more challenging than applying it to established disease. Frank cancers are more readily identifiable through imaging and biomarker and histopathologic assessment than their precancerous precursors. In addition, prevention subjects routinely have more rigorous intervention criteria than therapy subjects. Any nanopreventive agent developed to prevent sporadic cancers found in the general population must exhibit a very low risk of serious side effects. In contrast, a greater risk of side effects might be more acceptable in subjects at high risk for cancer. Using nanotechnology to prevent cancer is an aspirational goal, but clearly identifying the intermediate objectives and potential barriers is an essential first step in this exciting journey.
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Affiliation(s)
- David G Menter
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas. Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Sherri L Patterson
- Division of Cancer Prevention & Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Craig D Logsdon
- Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Scott Kopetz
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Anil K Sood
- Gynecologic Oncology & Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas
| | - Ernest T Hawk
- Division of Cancer Prevention & Population Sciences, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.
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