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Santos RKS, Schnorr C, Silva LFO, Nascimento BF, Cavalcanti JVFL, Vieira Y, Dotto GL, Sobrinho MAM. Euterpe oleracea-based biochar for clonazepam adsorption: synthesis, characterization, adsorption properties, and toxicity assays. Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2023; 30:52485-52497. [PMID: 36840876 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-26044-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
The consumption of açaí fruit (Euterpe oleracea) has largely increased worldwide, resulting in a significant increase in the demand for its pulp. As a result, the small producing communities end up with large amounts of açaí endocarp residues, creating local environmental pollution problems. Therefore, chemical and physical routes were investigated for producing açaí endocarp adsorbents to propose a locally viable solution for this problem. The adsorption properties of the produced biochars were tested for clonazepam (CZM) removal, and the toxicity of the final solutions was evaluated. The results revealed that the chemical route generated biochar with about twice the surface area and pore volume (762 m2 g-1 and 0.098 cm3 g-1) than the physical route (498 m2 g-1 and 0.048 cm3 g-1). Furthermore, the Sips isotherm better described the CZM adsorption equilibrium for both biochars, with qs values of 26.94 and 61.86 mg g-1 for the physical- and chemical-activated adsorbents. Moreover, recycling studies were performed, and the chemical-activated biochar was stable for up to three cycles, reaching removal rates superior to 80%. Besides, the final toxicity decreased after the adsorptive treatment. Therefore, chemical activation can be used as a simple and effective method for producing stable and compelling adsorbents as an elegant way of adding value to the residues from açaí production, helping solve local environmental problems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronald K S Santos
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego 1235, Recife-PE, 50670-910, Brazil
- Research Group on Adsorptive and Catalytic Process Engineering (ENGEPAC), Federal University of Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000-7, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Carlos Schnorr
- Universidad De La Costa, Calle 58 # 55-66, Atlántico, 080002, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Luis F O Silva
- Universidad De La Costa, Calle 58 # 55-66, Atlántico, 080002, Barranquilla, Colombia
| | - Bruna F Nascimento
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego 1235, Recife-PE, 50670-910, Brazil
- Research Group on Adsorptive and Catalytic Process Engineering (ENGEPAC), Federal University of Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000-7, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Jorge V F L Cavalcanti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego 1235, Recife-PE, 50670-910, Brazil
| | - Yasmin Vieira
- Research Group on Adsorptive and Catalytic Process Engineering (ENGEPAC), Federal University of Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000-7, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil
| | - Guilherme L Dotto
- Research Group on Adsorptive and Catalytic Process Engineering (ENGEPAC), Federal University of Santa Maria, Av. Roraima, 1000-7, Santa Maria, RS, 97105-900, Brazil.
| | - Maurício A Motta Sobrinho
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Moraes Rego 1235, Recife-PE, 50670-910, Brazil
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Gosselin E, Simard M, Lunghi C, Sirois C. Trends in benzodiazepine and alternative hypnotic use in relation with multimorbidity among older adults in Quebec, Canada. Pharmacoepidemiol Drug Saf 2021; 31:322-333. [PMID: 34748234 DOI: 10.1002/pds.5383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Benzodiazepines and other hypnotic alternatives are associated with increased risks of adverse events. Heightened awareness of risks may have changed prescribing habits over the years. However, these trends are not fully described, especially in vulnerable people such as multimorbid older adults. OBJECTIVE We aimed to describe the annual prevalence of benzodiazepine and other hypnotic use in relation to multimorbidity among older adults in the province of Quebec, Canada, from 2000 to 2016. METHOD We conducted a population-based study using the Quebec Integrated Chronic Disease Surveillance System. We included all individuals aged ≥66 years covered by the public drug plan. For each year, we evaluated the sex- and age-standardized proportion of benzodiazepine and other hypnotic users, defined as individuals with at least one drug claim in the year. We stratified our results according to multimorbidity and used log-binomial regression to study trends. RESULTS The proportion of individuals using benzodiazepines decreased from 34.8% in 2000 to 24.8% in 2016 (p for trend <0.001). Multimorbid people (≥2 chronic diseases) remained the highest users over the years, with 43.3% and 30.6% of them being users in 2000 and 2016, respectively. Conversely, the proportion of users increased for other hypnotics, particularly for trazodone and quetiapine, rising from 5.4% to 8.4% (p < 0.001), and especially among multimorbid individuals (from 7.4% to 11.6%). CONCLUSION Older adults used benzodiazepines less frequently but quetiapine and trazodone more frequently in recent years. The use of these medications, particularly in multimorbid people at risk of adverse events, must be addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuelle Gosselin
- Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.,Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.,Centre d'excellence sur le vieillissement de Québec, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marc Simard
- Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.,Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
| | | | - Caroline Sirois
- Laval University, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.,Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada.,Centre d'excellence sur le vieillissement de Québec, Quebec City, Quebec, Canada
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Salvadore G, Bonaventure P, Shekhar A, Johnson PL, Lord B, Shireman BT, Lebold TP, Nepomuceno D, Dugovic C, Brooks S, Zuiker R, Bleys C, Tatikola K, Remmerie B, Jacobs GE, Schruers K, Moyer J, Nash A, Van Nueten LGM, Drevets WC. Translational evaluation of novel selective orexin-1 receptor antagonist JNJ-61393215 in an experimental model for panic in rodents and humans. Transl Psychiatry 2020; 10:308. [PMID: 32895369 PMCID: PMC7477545 DOI: 10.1038/s41398-020-00937-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Orexin neurons originating in the perifornical and lateral hypothalamic area project to anxiety- and panic-associated neural circuitry, and are highly reactive to anxiogenic stimuli. Preclinical evidence suggests that the orexin system, and particularly the orexin-1 receptor (OX1R), may be involved in the pathophysiology of panic and anxiety. Selective OX1R antagonists thus may constitute a potential new treatment strategy for panic- and anxiety-related disorders. Here, we characterized a novel selective OX1R antagonist, JNJ-61393215, and determined its affinity and potency for human and rat OX1R in vitro. We also evaluated the safety, pharmacokinetic, and pharmacodynamic properties of JNJ-61393215 in first-in-human single- and multiple-ascending dose studies conducted. Finally, the potential anxiolytic effects of JNJ-61393215 were evaluated both in rats and in healthy men using 35% CO2 inhalation challenge to induce panic symptoms. In the rat CO2 model of panic anxiety, JNJ-61393215 demonstrated dose-dependent attenuation of CO2-induced panic-like behavior without altering baseline locomotor or autonomic activity, and had minimal effect on spontaneous sleep. In phase-1 human studies, JNJ-61393215 at 90 mg demonstrated significant reduction (P < 0.02) in CO2-induced fear and anxiety symptoms that were comparable to those obtained using alprazolam. The most frequently reported adverse events were somnolence and headache, and all events were mild in severity. These results support the safety, tolerability, and anxiolytic effects of JNJ-61393215, and validate CO2 exposure as a translational cross-species experimental model to evaluate the therapeutic potential of novel anxiolytic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giacomo Salvadore
- grid.497530.c0000 0004 0389 4927Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Titusville, NJ USA
| | | | - Anantha Shekhar
- grid.257413.60000 0001 2287 3919Departments of Psychiatry, and Pharmacology, Indiana University, School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - Philip L. Johnson
- grid.257413.60000 0001 2287 3919Department of Anatomy, Physiology and Cell Biology, Indiana University, School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN USA
| | - Brian Lord
- grid.497530.c0000 0004 0389 4927Janssen Research & Development, LLC, San Diego, CA USA
| | - Brock T. Shireman
- grid.497530.c0000 0004 0389 4927Janssen Research & Development, LLC, San Diego, CA USA
| | - Terry P. Lebold
- grid.497530.c0000 0004 0389 4927Janssen Research & Development, LLC, San Diego, CA USA
| | - Diane Nepomuceno
- grid.497530.c0000 0004 0389 4927Janssen Research & Development, LLC, San Diego, CA USA
| | - Christine Dugovic
- grid.497530.c0000 0004 0389 4927Janssen Research & Development, LLC, San Diego, CA USA
| | - Sander Brooks
- grid.418011.d0000 0004 0646 7664Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, The Netherlands ,grid.10419.3d0000000089452978Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Rob Zuiker
- grid.418011.d0000 0004 0646 7664Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Cathy Bleys
- grid.419619.20000 0004 0623 0341Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Kanaka Tatikola
- grid.497530.c0000 0004 0389 4927Janssen Scientific Affairs, LLC, Titusville, NJ USA
| | - Bart Remmerie
- grid.419619.20000 0004 0623 0341Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Gabriel E. Jacobs
- grid.418011.d0000 0004 0646 7664Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, The Netherlands ,grid.10419.3d0000000089452978Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Koen Schruers
- grid.5012.60000 0001 0481 6099Research School for Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - John Moyer
- grid.497530.c0000 0004 0389 4927Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Titusville, NJ USA
| | - Abigail Nash
- grid.497530.c0000 0004 0389 4927Janssen Scientific Affairs, LLC, Titusville, NJ USA
| | - Luc G. M. Van Nueten
- grid.419619.20000 0004 0623 0341Janssen Research & Development, LLC, Beerse, Belgium
| | - Wayne C. Drevets
- grid.497530.c0000 0004 0389 4927Janssen Research & Development, LLC, San Diego, CA USA
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Okuro RT, Freire RC, Zin WA, Quagliato LA, Nardi AE. Panic disorder respiratory subtype: psychopathology and challenge tests - an update. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 42:420-430. [PMID: 32074230 PMCID: PMC7430397 DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/01/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Panic disorder (PD) pathophysiology is very heterogeneous, and the discrimination of distinct subtypes could be very useful. A subtype based on respiratory symptoms is known to constitute a specific subgroup. However, evidence to support the respiratory subtype (RS) as a distinct subgroup of PD with a well-defined phenotype remains controversial. Studies have focused on characterization of the RS based on symptoms and response to CO2. In this line, we described clinical and biological aspects focused on symptomatology and CO2 challenge tests in PD RS. The main symptoms that characterize RS are dyspnea (shortness of breath) and a choking sensation. Moreover, patients with the RS tended to be more responsive to CO2 challenge tests, which triggered more panic attacks in this subgroup. Future studies should focus on discriminating respiratory-related clusters and exploring psychophysiological and neuroimaging outcomes in order to provide robust evidence to confirm RS as a distinct subtype of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Renata T Okuro
- Laboratório Pânico e Respiração, Instituto de Psiquiatria (IPUB), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Rafael C Freire
- Laboratório Pânico e Respiração, Instituto de Psiquiatria (IPUB), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Walter A Zin
- Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, UFRJ, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Laiana A Quagliato
- Laboratório Pânico e Respiração, Instituto de Psiquiatria (IPUB), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Antonio E Nardi
- Laboratório Pânico e Respiração, Instituto de Psiquiatria (IPUB), Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
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Nasir M, Trujillo D, Levine J, Dwyer JB, Rupp ZW, Bloch MH. Glutamate Systems in DSM-5 Anxiety Disorders: Their Role and a Review of Glutamate and GABA Psychopharmacology. Front Psychiatry 2020; 11:548505. [PMID: 33329087 PMCID: PMC7710541 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.548505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Serotonin reuptake inhibitors and benzodiazepines are evidence-based pharmacological treatments for Anxiety Disorders targeting serotonin and GABAergic systems, respectively. Although clearly effective, these medications fail to improve anxiety symptoms in a significant proportion of patients. New insights into the glutamate system have directed attention toward drugs that modulate glutamate as potential alternative treatments for anxiety disorders. Here we summarize the current understanding of the potential role of glutamate neurotransmission in anxiety disorders and highlight specific glutamate receptors that are potential targets for novel anxiety disorder treatments. We also review clinical trials of medications targeting the glutamate system in DSM-5 anxiety disorders. Understanding the role of the glutamate system in the pathophysiology of anxiety disorder may aid in developing novel pharmacological agents that are effective in treating anxiety disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madeeha Nasir
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Daniel Trujillo
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Jessica Levine
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Jennifer B Dwyer
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,Yale Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Zachary W Rupp
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,Frank H. Netter School of Medicine, Quinnipiac University, North Haven, CT, United States
| | - Michael H Bloch
- Yale Child Study Center, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States.,Yale Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, United States
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Wang SM, Kim JB, Sakong JK, Suh HS, Oh KS, Woo JM, Yoo SW, Lee SM, Lee SY, Lim SW, Cho SJ, Chee IS, Chae JH, Hong JP, Lee KU. The Efficacy and Safety of Clonazepam in Patients with Anxiety Disorder Taking Newer Antidepressants: A Multicenter Naturalistic Study. Clin Psychopharmacol Neurosci 2016; 14:177-83. [PMID: 27121429 PMCID: PMC4857865 DOI: 10.9758/cpn.2016.14.2.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2015] [Revised: 07/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Objective This study compared the efficacy and tolerability of clonazepam with other benzodiazepines in patients with anxiety disorders. Methods Inclusion criteria were as follows: age >20 years, diagnosis of anxiety disorder according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 4th edition, text revision (DSM-IV-TR) criteria, taking only one type of antidepressant, and prescribed one of three oral benzodiazepines (alprazolam, clonazepam, or lorazepam). At baseline and week 6, clinical benefit was evaluated using the Clinical Global Impression-Severity Scale (CGI-S), Clinical Global Impression-Anxiety Scale (CGI-anxiety), and Clinical Global Impression-Sleep Scale (CGI-sleep). Results Among 180 patients, no differences in demographic characteristics among the three benzodiazepine groups were noted. After six weeks of treatment, all benzodiazepine groups showed significant improvements in CGI-S, CGI-anxiety, and CGI-sleep scores (p<0.001). There were no differences in mean changes in CGI-S, CGI-anxiety and CGI-sleep among the three benzodiazepine groups. The incidence of side effects was significantly lower in the clonazepam group than with the other benzodiazepines. The incidences of adverse events for the clonazepam, alprazolam, and lorazepam groups were 26.7% (n=20), 48.4% (n=31), and 43.9% (n=18), respectively. Conclusion The present study suggests that clonazepam is as efficacious as other benzodiazepines for the treatment of various anxiety disorders. Furthermore, the safety profile of clonazepam was superior to the other benzodiazepines in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sheng-Min Wang
- International Health Care Center, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung-Bum Kim
- Department of Psychiatry, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea
| | - Jeong Kyu Sakong
- Department of Psychiatry, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Gyeongju, Korea
| | - Ho-Suk Suh
- Department of Psychiatry, CHA University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kang Seob Oh
- Department of Psychiatry, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jong-Min Woo
- Department of Psychiatry, Inje University Seoul Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea
| | | | | | - Sang-Yeol Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Wonkwang University Hospital, Iksan, Korea
| | - Se-Won Lim
- Department of Psychiatry, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seong Jin Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Gachon University Gil Hospital, Incheon, Korea
| | - Ik-Seung Chee
- Department of Psychiatry, Institute of Brain Research, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon, Korea
| | - Jeong-Ho Chae
- Deparment of Psychiatry, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jin Pyo Hong
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Kyoung-Uk Lee
- Department of Psychiatry, Uijeongbu St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Uijeongbu, Korea
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