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You J, Huang H, Chan CTY, Li L. Pathological Targets for Treating Temporal Lobe Epilepsy: Discoveries From Microscale to Macroscale. Front Neurol 2022; 12:779558. [PMID: 35069411 PMCID: PMC8777077 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.779558] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) is one of the most common and severe types of epilepsy, characterized by intractable, recurrent, and pharmacoresistant seizures. Histopathology of TLE is mostly investigated through observing hippocampal sclerosis (HS) in adults, which provides a robust means to analyze the related histopathological lesions. However, most pathological processes underlying the formation of these lesions remain elusive, as they are difficult to detect and observe. In recent years, significant efforts have been put in elucidating the pathophysiological pathways contributing to TLE epileptogenesis. In this review, we aimed to address the new and unrecognized neuropathological discoveries within the last 5 years, focusing on gene expression (miRNA and DNA methylation), neuronal peptides (neuropeptide Y), cellular metabolism (mitochondria and ion transport), cellular structure (microtubule and extracellular matrix), and tissue-level abnormalities (enlarged amygdala). Herein, we describe a range of biochemical mechanisms and their implication for epileptogenesis. Furthermore, we discuss their potential role as a target for TLE prevention and treatment. This review article summarizes the latest neuropathological discoveries at the molecular, cellular, and tissue levels involving both animal and patient studies, aiming to explore epileptogenesis and highlight new potential targets in the diagnosis and treatment of TLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing You
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, United States
| | - Haiyan Huang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, Texas Women University, Denton, TX, United States
| | - Clement T Y Chan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, United States
| | - Lin Li
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, United States.,Department of Neurology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, United States
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Mota SI, Pita I, Águas R, Tagorti S, Virmani A, Pereira FC, Rego AC. Mechanistic perspectives on differential mitochondrial-based neuroprotective effects of several carnitine forms in Alzheimer's disease in vitro model. Arch Toxicol 2021; 95:2769-2784. [PMID: 34164711 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-021-03104-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial deregulation has emerged as one of the earliest pathological events in Alzheimer's disease (AD), the most common age-related neurodegenerative disorder. Improvement of mitochondrial function in AD has been considered a relevant therapeutic approach. L-carnitine (LC), an amino acid derivative involved in the transport of long-chain fatty acids into mitochondria, was previously demonstrated to improve mitochondrial function, having beneficial effects in neurological disorders; moreover, acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC) is currently under phase 4 clinical trial for AD (ClinicalTrials.gov NCT01320527). Thus, in the present study, we investigated the impact of different forms of carnitines, namely LC, ALC and propionyl-L-carnitine (PLC) on mitochondrial toxicity induced by amyloid-beta peptide 1-42 oligomers (AβO; 1 μM) in mature rat hippocampal neurons. Our results indicate that 5 mM LC, ALC and PLC totally rescued the mitochondrial membrane potential and alleviated both the decrease in oxygen consumption rates and the increase in mitochondrial fragmentation induced by AβO. These could contribute to the prevention of neuronal death by apoptosis. Moreover, only ALC ameliorated AβO-evoked changes in mitochondrial movement by reducing the number of stationary mitochondria and promoting reversal mitochondrial movement. Data suggest that carnitines (LC, ALC and PLC) may act differentially to counteract changes in mitochondrial function and movement in neurons subjected to AβO, thus counteracting AD-related pathological phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra I Mota
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
- IIIUC - Institute for Interdisciplinary Research, University of Coimbra, 3030-789, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Inês Pita
- Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rodolfo Águas
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Slah Tagorti
- Alfasigma B.V, 3528 BG, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | | | - Frederico C Pereira
- Institute of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal.
- Coimbra Institute for Clinical and Biomedical Research (iCBR), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - A Cristina Rego
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, CIBB - Centre for Innovative Biomedicine and Biotechnology, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal.
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3004-504, Coimbra, Portugal.
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Cascella R, Cecchi C. Calcium Dyshomeostasis in Alzheimer's Disease Pathogenesis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094914. [PMID: 34066371 PMCID: PMC8124842 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094914] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common age-related neurodegenerative disorder that is characterized by amyloid β-protein deposition in senile plaques, neurofibrillary tangles consisting of abnormally phosphorylated tau protein, and neuronal loss leading to cognitive decline and dementia. Despite extensive research, the exact mechanisms underlying AD remain unknown and effective treatment is not available. Many hypotheses have been proposed to explain AD pathophysiology; however, there is general consensus that the abnormal aggregation of the amyloid β peptide (Aβ) is the initial event triggering a pathogenic cascade of degenerating events in cholinergic neurons. The dysregulation of calcium homeostasis has been studied considerably to clarify the mechanisms of neurodegeneration induced by Aβ. Intracellular calcium acts as a second messenger and plays a key role in the regulation of neuronal functions, such as neural growth and differentiation, action potential, and synaptic plasticity. The calcium hypothesis of AD posits that activation of the amyloidogenic pathway affects neuronal Ca2+ homeostasis and the mechanisms responsible for learning and memory. Aβ can disrupt Ca2+ signaling through several mechanisms, by increasing the influx of Ca2+ from the extracellular space and by activating its release from intracellular stores. Here, we review the different molecular mechanisms and receptors involved in calcium dysregulation in AD and possible therapeutic strategies for improving the treatment.
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Postu PA, Tiron A, Tiron CE, Gorgan DL, Mihasan M, Hritcu L. Conifer Essential Oils Reversed Amyloid Beta1-42 Action by Modulating BDNF and ARC Expression in The Rat Hippocampus. CNS Neurol Disord Drug Targets 2021; 21:85-94. [PMID: 33655878 DOI: 10.2174/1871527320666210303111537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The conifer species Pinus halepensis (Pinaceae) and Tetraclinis articulata (Cupressaceae) are widely used in traditional medicine due to their health beneficial properties. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to investigate the mechanisms by which P. halepensis and T. articulata essential oils (1% and 3%) could exhibit neuroprotective effects in an Alzheimer's disease (AD) rat model, induced by intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of amyloid beta1-42 (Aβ1-42). METHOD The essential oils were administered by inhalation to the AD rat model, once daily, for 21 days. DNA fragmentation was assessed through Cell Death Detection ELISA kit. Brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), activity-regulated cytoskeleton-associated protein (ARC) and interleukin-1β (IL-1β) gene expressions were determined by RT-qPCR analysis, while BDNF and ARC protein expressions were assessed using immunohistochemistry technique. RESULTS Our data showed that both essential oils substantially attenuated memory impairments, with P. halepensis mainly stimulating ARC expression and T. articulata mostly enhancing BDNF expression. Also, the inhalation of essential oils reduced IL-1β expression and induced positive effects against DNA fragmentation associated with Aβ1-42-induced toxicity, further contributing to the cognitive improvement in the rats with AD-like model. CONCLUSION Our findings provide further evidence that these essential oils and their chemical constituents could be natural agents of therapeutic interest against Aβ1-42-induced neurotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paula Alexandra Postu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Romania,Center for Fundamental Research and Experimental Development in Translation Medicine—TRANSCEND, Regional Institute of Oncology, Iasi, Romania
| | - Adrian Tiron
- Center for Fundamental Research and Experimental Development in Translation Medicine—TRANSCEND, Regional Institute of Oncology, Iasi, Romania
| | - Crina Elena Tiron
- Center for Fundamental Research and Experimental Development in Translation Medicine—TRANSCEND, Regional Institute of Oncology, Iasi, Romania
| | - Dragoș Lucian Gorgan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Romania
| | - Marius Mihasan
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Romania
| | - Lucian Hritcu
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Biology, Alexandru Ioan Cuza University of Iasi, Romania
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Salvadores N, Gerónimo-Olvera C, Court FA. Axonal Degeneration in AD: The Contribution of Aβ and Tau. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:581767. [PMID: 33192476 PMCID: PMC7593241 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.581767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) represents the most common age-related neurodegenerative disorder, affecting around 35 million people worldwide. Despite enormous efforts dedicated to AD research over decades, there is still no cure for the disease. Misfolding and accumulation of Aβ and tau proteins in the brain constitute a defining signature of AD neuropathology, and mounting evidence has documented a link between aggregation of these proteins and neuronal dysfunction. In this context, progressive axonal degeneration has been associated with early stages of AD and linked to Aβ and tau accumulation. As the axonal degeneration mechanism has been starting to be unveiled, it constitutes a promising target for neuroprotection in AD. A comprehensive understanding of the mechanism of axonal destruction in neurodegenerative conditions is therefore critical for the development of new therapies aimed to prevent axonal loss before irreversible neuronal death occurs in AD. Here, we review current evidence of the involvement of Aβ and tau pathologies in the activation of signaling cascades that can promote axonal demise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Salvadores
- Center for Integrative Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile.,Fondap Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cristian Gerónimo-Olvera
- Center for Integrative Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile.,Fondap Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe A Court
- Center for Integrative Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile.,Fondap Geroscience Center for Brain Health and Metabolism, Santiago, Chile.,Buck Institute for Research on Aging, Novato, CA, United States
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Rajput MS, Nirmal NP, Rathore D, Dahima R. Dimethyl Fumarate Mitigates Tauopathy in Aβ-Induced Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y Cells. Neurochem Res 2020; 45:2641-52. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-020-03115-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 08/12/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Wu X, Zhou Y, Huang Z, Cai M, Shu Y, Zeng C, Feng L, Xiao B, Zhan Q. The study of microtubule dynamics and stability at the postsynaptic density in a rat pilocarpine model of temporal lobe epilepsy. Ann Transl Med 2020; 8:863. [PMID: 32793707 DOI: 10.21037/atm-19-4636] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background The recurrence and drug resistance of temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE) has been ceaselessly challenging scientists and epilepsy experts. There has been an accumulation of evidence linking the dysregulation of postsynaptic proteins etiology and the pathology of epilepsy. For example, NMDA receptors, AMPA receptors, and metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs). Furthermore, our earlier proteomic analysis proved there to be differential expressions of cytoskeletons like microtubules among rat groups. These differential expressions were shown in TLE-spontaneous recurrent seizures (TLE-SRS), TLE without SRS (TLE-NSRS) and control groups. Therefore, we aimed to understand how the microtubule system of the hippocampal postsynaptic density (PSD) regulates the development of TLE. Methods In this study, a pilocarpine-induced Sprague-Dawley rat TLE model were used, and Western blot, Nissl staining, and the immunoelectron microscopic method were utilized to determine the dynamic change of microtubules (α- and β-tubulin) in PSD and the extent of hippocampal neuron loss respectively in acute SE, and latent and chronic (spontaneous seizures) periods. Animal models were then stereotactically treated using colchicine, a microtubule depolymerizer, and paclitaxel, a microtubule polymerization agent, after each animal's acute SE period so as to further explore the function of PSD microtubules. Results Our study revealed 3 principal findings. One, both α- and β-tubulin were decreased from the 3rd to the 30th day (lowest at the 7th day) in the seizure group compared with the controls. Two, both α- and β-tubulin were found to be more downregulated in the TLE-SRS and the TLE-NSRS group than in the control group (especially in the TLE-SRS group). The same trend was also noticed for hippocampal neuron loss. Three, the paclitaxel lowered the chronic SRS rate and increased the expression of PSD β-tubulin in the hippocampus. Conclusions Altogether, these results indicate that the microtubule system of PSD may play an essential role in the development and recurrence of epilepsy, and it may be used as a new target for the prevention and treatment of this refractory disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomei Wu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Ying Zhou
- Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Changsha, Changsha, China
| | - Zhiling Huang
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Mingfei Cai
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Yi Shu
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Chang Zeng
- Health Management Center, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Li Feng
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Bo Xiao
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
| | - Qiong Zhan
- Department of Neurology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China
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Pannaccione A, Piccialli I, Secondo A, Ciccone R, Molinaro P, Boscia F, Annunziato L. The Na +/Ca 2+exchanger in Alzheimer's disease. Cell Calcium 2020; 87:102190. [PMID: 32199208 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2020.102190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Revised: 02/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
As a pivotal player in regulating sodium (Na+) and calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis and signalling in excitable cells, the Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) is involved in many neurodegenerative disorders in which an imbalance of intracellular Ca2+ and/or Na+ concentrations occurs, including Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although NCX has been mainly implicated in neuroprotective mechanisms counteracting Ca2+ dysregulation, several studies highlighted its role in the neuronal responses to intracellular Na+ elevation occurring in several pathophysiological conditions. Since the alteration of Na+ and Ca2+ homeostasis significantly contributes to synaptic dysfunction and neuronal loss in AD, it is of crucial importance to analyze the contribution of NCX isoforms in the homeostatic responses at neuronal and synaptic levels. Some studies found that an increase of NCX activity in brains of AD patients was correlated with neuronal survival, while other research groups found that protein levels of two NCX subtypes, NCX2 and NCX3, were modulated in parietal cortex of late stage AD brains. In particular, NCX2 positive synaptic terminals were increased in AD cohort while the number of NCX3 positive terminals were reduced. In addition, NCX1, NCX2 and NCX3 isoforms were up-regulated in those synaptic terminals accumulating amyloid-beta (Aβ), the neurotoxic peptide responsible for AD neurodegeneration. More recently, the hyperfunction of a specific NCX subtype, NCX3, has been shown to delay endoplasmic reticulum stress and apoptotic neuronal death in hippocampal neurons exposed to Aβ insult. Despite some issues about the functional role of NCX in synaptic failure and neuronal loss require further studies, these findings highlight the putative neuroprotective role of NCX in AD and open new strategies to develop new druggable targets for AD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Pannaccione
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Dentistry Sciences, School of Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy.
| | - Ilaria Piccialli
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Dentistry Sciences, School of Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Agnese Secondo
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Dentistry Sciences, School of Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Roselia Ciccone
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Dentistry Sciences, School of Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Pasquale Molinaro
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Dentistry Sciences, School of Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesca Boscia
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Neuroscience, Reproductive and Dentistry Sciences, School of Medicine, Federico II University of Naples, Via Pansini, 5, 80131, Naples, Italy
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Foster TC. Senescent neurophysiology: Ca 2+ signaling from the membrane to the nucleus. Neurobiol Learn Mem 2019; 164:107064. [PMID: 31394200 DOI: 10.1016/j.nlm.2019.107064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2019] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The current review provides a historical perspective on the evolution of hypothesized mechanisms for senescent neurophysiology, focused on the CA1 region of the hippocampus, and the relationship of senescent neurophysiology to impaired hippocampal-dependent memory. Senescent neurophysiology involves processes linked to calcium (Ca2+) signaling including an increase in the Ca2+-dependent afterhyperpolarization (AHP), decreasing pyramidal cell excitability, hyporesponsiveness of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor function, and a shift in Ca2+-dependent synaptic plasticity. Dysregulation of intracellular Ca2+ and downstream signaling of kinase and phosphatase activity lies at the core of senescent neurophysiology. Ca2+-dysregulation involves a decrease in Ca2+ influx through NMDA receptors and an increase release of Ca2+ from internal Ca2+ stores. Recent work has identified changes in redox signaling, arising in middle-age, as an initiating factor for senescent neurophysiology. The shift in redox state links processes of aging, oxidative stress and inflammation, with functional changes in mechanisms required for episodic memory. The link between age-related changes in Ca2+ signaling, epigenetics and gene expression is an exciting area of research. Pharmacological and behavioral intervention, initiated in middle-age, can promote memory function by initiating transcription of neuroprotective genes and rejuvenating neurophysiology. However, with more advanced age, or under conditions of neurodegenerative disease, epigenetic changes may weaken the link between environmental influences and transcription, decreasing resilience of memory function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas C Foster
- Department of Neuroscience and Genetics and Genomics Program, McKnight Brain Institute, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
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Abstract
In Alzheimer’s disease (AD), early synaptic dysfunction is associated with the increased oligomeric amyloid-beta peptide, which causes NMDAR-dependent synaptic depression and spine elimination. Memantine, low-affinity NMDAR channel blocker, has been used in the treatment of moderate to severe AD. However, clear evidence is still deficient in demonstrating the underlying mechanisms and a relationship between NMDARs dysfunction and AD. This review focuses on not only changes in expression of different NMDAR subunits, but also some unconventional modes of NMDAR action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinping Liu
- School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Lirong Chang
- Department of Anatomy, Ministry of Science and Technology Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yizhi Song
- Department of Anatomy, Ministry of Science and Technology Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Anatomy, Ministry of Science and Technology Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yan Wu
- Department of Anatomy, Ministry of Science and Technology Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Beijing Institute for Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Pchitskaya EI, Zhemkov VA, Bezprozvanny IB. Dynamic Microtubules in Alzheimer's Disease: Association with Dendritic Spine Pathology. Biochemistry (Mosc) 2018; 83:1068-1074. [PMID: 30472945 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297918090080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common incurable neurodegenerative disorder that affects the processes of memory formation and storage. The loss of dendritic spines and alteration in their morphology in AD correlate with the extent of patient's cognitive decline. Tubulin had been believed to be restricted to dendritic shafts, until recent studies demonstrated that dynamically growing tubulin microtubules enter dendritic spines and promote their maturation. Abnormalities of tubulin cytoskeleton may contribute to the process of dendritic spine shape alteration and their subsequent loss in AD. In this review, association between tubulin cytoskeleton dynamics and dendritic spine morphology is discussed in the context of dendritic spine alterations in AD. Potential implications of these findings for the development of AD therapy are proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- E I Pchitskaya
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurodegeneration, Department of Medical Physics, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, 195251, Russia.
| | - V A Zhemkov
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurodegeneration, Department of Medical Physics, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, 195251, Russia
| | - I B Bezprozvanny
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurodegeneration, Department of Medical Physics, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, 195251, Russia. .,Department of Physiology, UT Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, 75390 Dallas, TX, USA
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Shi XD, Sun K, Hu R, Liu XY, Hu QM, Sun XY, Yao B, Sun N, Hao JR, Wei P, Han Y, Gao C. Blocking the Interaction between EphB2 and ADDLs by a Small Peptide Rescues Impaired Synaptic Plasticity and Memory Deficits in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease. J Neurosci 2016; 36:11959-73. [PMID: 27881781 DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.1327-16.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2016] [Revised: 10/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Soluble amyloid-β (Aβ) oligomers, also known as Aβ-derived diffusible ligands (ADDLs), are thought to be the key pathogenic factor in Alzheimer's disease (AD), but there is still no effective treatment for preventing or reversing the progression of the disease. Targeting NMDA receptor trafficking and regulation is a new strategy for early treatment of AD. Aβ oligomers have been found to bind to the fibronectin (FN) type III repeat domain of EphB2 to trigger EphB2 degradation, thereby impairing the normal functioning of NMDA receptors and resulting in cognitive deficits. Here, we identified for the first time the interaction sites of the EphB2 FN domain with ADDLs by applying the peptide array method to design and synthesize four candidate peptides (Pep21, Pep25, Pep32, and Pep63) that might be able to block the EphB2-ADDL interaction. Among them, Pep63 was found to be the most effective at inhibiting the binding between EphB2 and ADDLs. We found that Pep63 not only rescued the ADDL-induced depletion of EphB2- and GluN2B-containing NMDA receptors from the neuronal surface in cultured hippocampal neurons, but also improved impaired memory deficits in APPswe/PS1dE9 (APP/PS1) transgenic mice and the phosphorylation and surface expression of GluN2B-containing NMDA receptors in cultures. Together, these results suggest that blocking the EphB2-ADDL interaction by small interfering peptides may be a promising strategy for AD treatment. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-dependent neurodegenerative disorder and amyloid β-derived diffusible ligands (ADDLs) play a key role in triggering the early cognitive deficits that constitute AD. ADDLs may bind EphB2 and alter NMDA receptor trafficking and synaptic plasticity. Here, we identified the interaction sites of the EphB2 FN domain with ADDLs for the first time to develop a small (10 aa) peptide (Pep63) capable of blocking the EphB2-ADDL interaction. We found that Pep63 not only rescued the ADDL-induced depletion of EphB2 and GluN2B-containing NMDA receptors from the neuronal surface in cultured hippocampal neurons, but also improved impaired memory deficits in APPswe/PS1dE9 (APP/PS1) transgenic mice. Our results suggest that blocking the EphB2-ADDL interaction with Pep63 may be a promising strategy for AD treatment.
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Brandt R. Targeting microtubules in axonal re- and degeneration (Commentary on Li et al. ()). Eur J Neurosci 2017; 46:1647-1649. [PMID: 28570010 DOI: 10.1111/ejn.13615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Roland Brandt
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
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Brandt R, Bakota L. Microtubule dynamics and the neurodegenerative triad of Alzheimer's disease: The hidden connection. J Neurochem 2017; 143:409-417. [PMID: 28267200 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.14011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2017] [Revised: 01/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/17/2017] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder and is, on a histopathological level, characterized by the presence of extracellular amyloid plaques composed of the protein fragment Aβ, and intracellular neurofibrillary tangles, which contain the microtubule-associated protein tau in a hyperphosphorylated state. In AD defects in microtubule (MT) assembly and organization have also been reported; however, it is unclear whether MT abnormalities have a causal and early role in the disease process or represent a common end point downstream of the neurodegenerative cascade. Recent evidence indicates that microtubule-stabilizing drugs prevent axonopathy in animal models of tauopathies and reverse Aβ-induced loss of synaptic connectivity in an ex vivo model of amyloidosis. This could suggest that MT dysfunction connects some of the degenerative events and provides a useful target to simultaneously prevent several neurodegenerative processes in AD. Here, we describe how changes in the structure and dynamics of MTs are involved in the different aspects of the neurodegenerative triad of AD. We discuss evidence that MTs are affected both by tau-dependent and tau-independent mechanisms but appear to be regulated in a distinct way in different neuronal compartments. We argue that modulation of MT dynamics could be of potential benefit but needs to be precisely controlled in a cell and compartment-specific manner to avoid harmful side effects. This article is part of the series "Beyond Amyloid".
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Affiliation(s)
- Roland Brandt
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Lidia Bakota
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
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15
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Tomasini MC, Borelli AC, Beggiato S, Ferraro L, Cassano T, Tanganelli S, Antonelli T. Differential Effects of Palmitoylethanolamide against Amyloid-β Induced Toxicity in Cortical Neuronal and Astrocytic Primary Cultures from Wild-Type and 3xTg-AD Mice. J Alzheimers Dis 2016; 46:407-21. [PMID: 25765918 DOI: 10.3233/jad-143039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Considering the heterogeneity of pathological changes occurring in Alzheimer's disease (AD), a therapeutic approach aimed both to neuroprotection and to neuroinflammation reduction may prove effective. Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA) has attracted attention for its anti-inflammatory/neuroprotective properties observed in AD animal models. OBJECTIVE AND METHODS We evaluated the protective role of PEA against amyloid-β₄₂ (Aβ₄₂) toxicity on cell viability and glutamatergic transmission in primary cultures of cerebral cortex neurons and astrocytes from the triple-transgenic murine model of AD (3xTg-AD) and their wild-type littermates (non-Tg) mice. RESULTS Aβ₄₂ (0.5 μM; 24 h) affects the cell viability in cultured cortical neurons and astrocytes from non-Tg mice, but not in those from 3xTg-AD mice. These effects were counteracted by the pretreatment with PEA (0.1 μM). Basal glutamate levels in cultured neurons and astrocytes from 3xTg-AD mice were lower than those observed in cultured cells from non-Tg mice. Aβ₄₂-exposure reduced and increased glutamate levels in non-Tg mouse cortical neurons and astrocytes, respectively. These effects were counteracted by the pretreatment with PEA. By itself, PEA did not affect cell viability and glutamate levels in cultured cortical neurons and astrocytes from non-Tg or 3xTg-AD mice. CONCLUSION The exposure to Aβ₄₂ induced toxic effects on cultured cortical neurons and astrocytes from non-Tg mice, but not in those from 3xTg-AD mice. Furthermore, PEA exerts differential effects against Aβ₄₂-induced toxicity in primary cultures of cortical neurons and astrocytes from non-Tg and 3xTg-AD mice. In particular, PEA displays protective properties in non-Tg but not in 3xTg-AD mouse neuronal cultured cells overexpressing Aβ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Cristina Tomasini
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Italy.,IRET Foundation, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | | | - Sarah Beggiato
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Italy.,IRET Foundation, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy
| | - Luca Ferraro
- Department of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, University of Ferrara, Italy.,IRET Foundation, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy.,LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Italy
| | - Tommaso Cassano
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Italy
| | - Sergio Tanganelli
- IRET Foundation, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Italy.,LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Italy
| | - Tiziana Antonelli
- IRET Foundation, Ozzano Emilia, Bologna, Italy.,Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Italy.,LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, Italy
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16
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Penazzi L, Tackenberg C, Ghori A, Golovyashkina N, Niewidok B, Selle K, Ballatore C, Smith AB, Bakota L, Brandt R. Aβ-mediated spine changes in the hippocampus are microtubule-dependent and can be reversed by a subnanomolar concentration of the microtubule-stabilizing agent epothilone D. Neuropharmacology 2016; 105:84-95. [PMID: 26772969 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2016.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2015] [Revised: 10/10/2015] [Accepted: 01/03/2016] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Dendritic spines represent the major postsynaptic input of excitatory synapses. Loss of spines and changes in their morphology correlate with cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and are thought to occur early during pathology. Therapeutic intervention at a preclinical stage of AD to modify spine changes might thus be warranted. To follow the development and to potentially interfere with spine changes over time, we established a long term ex vivo model from organotypic cultures of the hippocampus from APP transgenic and control mice. The cultures exhibit spine loss in principal hippocampal neurons, which closely resembles the changes occurring in vivo, and spine morphology progressively changes from mushroom-shaped to stubby. We demonstrate that spine changes are completely reversed within few days after blocking amyloid-β (Aβ) production with the gamma-secretase inhibitor DAPT. We show that the microtubule disrupting drug nocodazole leads to spine loss similar to Aβ expressing cultures and suppresses DAPT-mediated spine recovery in slices from APP transgenic mice. Finally, we report that epothilone D (EpoD) at a subnanomolar concentration, which slightly stabilizes microtubules in model neurons, completely reverses Aβ-induced spine loss and increases thin spine density. Taken together the data indicate that Aβ causes spine changes by microtubule destabilization and that spine recovery requires microtubule polymerization. Moreover, our results suggest that a low, subtoxic concentration of EpoD is sufficient to reduce spine loss during the preclinical stage of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorène Penazzi
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastrasse 11, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Christian Tackenberg
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastrasse 11, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Adnan Ghori
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastrasse 11, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Nataliya Golovyashkina
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastrasse 11, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Benedikt Niewidok
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastrasse 11, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Karolin Selle
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastrasse 11, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Carlo Ballatore
- Department of Chemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States; Center for Neurodegenerative Disease Research, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Amos B Smith
- Department of Chemistry, School of Arts and Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Lidia Bakota
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastrasse 11, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Roland Brandt
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Osnabrück, Barbarastrasse 11, 49076 Osnabrück, Germany.
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Abstract
Neurons are the basic information-processing units of the nervous system. In fulfilling their task, they establish a structural polarity with an axon that can be over a meter long and dendrites with a complex arbor, which can harbor ten-thousands of spines. Microtubules and their associated proteins play important roles during the development of neuronal morphology, the plasticity of neurons, and neurodegenerative processes. They are dynamic structures, which can quickly adapt to changes in the environment and establish a structural scaffold with high local variations in composition and stability. This review presents a comprehensive overview about the role of microtubules and their dynamic behavior during the formation and maturation of processes and spines in the healthy brain, during aging and under neurodegenerative conditions. The review ends with a discussion of microtubule-targeted therapies as a perspective for the supportive treatment of neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lorène Penazzi
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Lidia Bakota
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Roland Brandt
- Department of Neurobiology, University of Osnabrück, Osnabrück, Germany
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18
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Abstract
A critical role of insulin resistance (IR) in Alzheimer's disease (AD) includes beta-amyloid (Aβ) production and accumulation, the formation of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), failure of synaptic transmission and neuronal degeneration. Aβ is sequentially cleavaged from APP by two proteolytic enzymes: β-secretase and γ-secretase. IR could regulate Aβ production via enhancing β- and γ-secretase activity. Meanwhile, IR induces oxidative stress and inflammation in the brain which contributes to Aβ and tau pathology. Aβ accumulation can enhance IR through Aβ-mediated inflammation and oxidative stress. IR is a possible linking between amyloid plaques and NFTs pathology via oxidative stress and neuroinflammation. Additionally, IR could disrupt acetylcholine activity, and accelerate axon degeneration and failures in axonal transport, and lead to cognitive impairment in AD. Preclinical and clinical studies have supported that insulin could be useful in the treatment of AD. Thus, an effective measure to inhibit IR may be a novel drug target in AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyou Cai
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan Renmin Hospital, No. 39 Chaoyang Middle Road, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei Province, People's Republic of China,
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19
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Fernandes CG, Pierozan P, Soares GM, Ferreira F, Zanatta Â, Amaral AU, Borges CG, Wajner M, Pessoa-Pureur R. NMDA Receptors and Oxidative Stress Induced by the Major Metabolites Accumulating in HMG Lyase Deficiency Mediate Hypophosphorylation of Cytoskeletal Proteins in Brain From Adolescent Rats: Potential Mechanisms Contributing to the Neuropathology of This Disease. Neurotox Res 2015; 28:239-52. [PMID: 26174040 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-015-9542-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Revised: 07/01/2015] [Accepted: 07/07/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Neurological symptoms and cerebral abnormalities are commonly observed in patients with 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA lyase (HMG lyase) deficiency, which is biochemically characterized by predominant tissue accumulation of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaric (HMG), 3-methylglutaric (MGA), and 3-methylglutaconic (MGT) acids. Since the pathogenesis of this disease is poorly known, the present study evaluated the effects of these compounds on the cytoskeleton phosphorylating system in rat brain. HMG, MGA, and MGT caused hypophosphorylation of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and of the neurofilament subunits NFL, NFM, and NFH. HMG-induced hypophosphorylation was mediated by inhibiting the cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA) on Ser55 residue of NFL and c-Jun kinase (JNK) by acting on KSP repeats of NFM and NFH subunits. We also evidenced that the subunit NR2B of NMDA receptor and Ca(2+) was involved in HMG-elicited hypophosphorylation of cytoskeletal proteins. Furthermore, the antioxidants L-NAME and TROLOX fully prevented both the hypophosphorylation and the inhibition of PKA and JNK caused by HMG, suggesting that oxidative damage may underlie these effects. These findings indicate that the main metabolites accumulating in HMG lyase deficiency provoke hypophosphorylation of cytoskeleton neural proteins with the involvement of NMDA receptors, Ca(2+), and reactive species. It is presumed that these alterations may contribute to the neuropathology of this disease.
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20
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Mota SI, Costa RO, Ferreira IL, Santana I, Caldeira GL, Padovano C, Fonseca AC, Baldeiras I, Cunha C, Letra L, Oliveira CR, Pereira CMF, Rego AC. Oxidative stress involving changes in Nrf2 and ER stress in early stages of Alzheimer's disease. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2015; 1852:1428-41. [PMID: 25857617 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2015.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2014] [Revised: 03/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress have been associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) progression. In this study we analyzed whether oxidative stress involving changes in Nrf2 and ER stress may constitute early events in AD pathogenesis by using human peripheral blood cells and an AD transgenic mouse model at different disease stages. Increased oxidative stress and increased phosphorylated Nrf2 (p(Ser40)Nrf2) were observed in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) isolated from individuals with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). Moreover, we observed impaired ER Ca2+ homeostasis and increased ER stress markers in PBMCs from MCI individuals and mild AD patients. Evidence of early oxidative stress defense mechanisms in AD was substantiated by increased p(Ser40)Nrf2 in 3month-old 3xTg-AD male mice PBMCs, and also with increased nuclear Nrf2 levels in brain cortex. However, SOD1 protein levels were decreased in human MCI PBMCs and in 3xTg-AD mice brain cortex; the latter further correlated with reduced SOD1 mRNA levels. Increased ER stress was also detected in the brain cortex of young female and old male 3xTg-AD mice. We demonstrate oxidative stress and early Nrf2 activation in AD human and mouse models, which fails to regulate some of its targets, leading to repressed expression of antioxidant defenses (e.g., SOD-1), and extending to ER stress. Results suggest markers of prodromal AD linked to oxidative stress associated with Nrf2 activation and ER stress that may be followed in human peripheral blood mononuclear cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra I Mota
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Portugal; Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Rui O Costa
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Portugal; Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ildete L Ferreira
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Portugal; Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Isabel Santana
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Portugal; Neurology Unit of Coimbra University Hospital Center, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Gladys L Caldeira
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Carmela Padovano
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Ana C Fonseca
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Inês Baldeiras
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Catarina Cunha
- Neurology Unit of Coimbra University Hospital Center, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Liliana Letra
- Neurology Unit of Coimbra University Hospital Center, Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Catarina R Oliveira
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Cláudia M F Pereira
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Ana Cristina Rego
- CNC-Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Portugal.
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Nasica-Labouze J, Nguyen PH, Sterpone F, Berthoumieu O, Buchete NV, Coté S, De Simone A, Doig AJ, Faller P, Garcia A, Laio A, Li MS, Melchionna S, Mousseau N, Mu Y, Paravastu A, Pasquali S, Rosenman DJ, Strodel B, Tarus B, Viles JH, Zhang T, Wang C, Derreumaux P. Amyloid β Protein and Alzheimer's Disease: When Computer Simulations Complement Experimental Studies. Chem Rev 2015; 115:3518-63. [PMID: 25789869 DOI: 10.1021/cr500638n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 469] [Impact Index Per Article: 52.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jessica Nasica-Labouze
- †Laboratoire de Biochimie Théorique, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique (IBPC), UPR9080 CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Phuong H Nguyen
- †Laboratoire de Biochimie Théorique, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique (IBPC), UPR9080 CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Fabio Sterpone
- †Laboratoire de Biochimie Théorique, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique (IBPC), UPR9080 CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Olivia Berthoumieu
- ‡LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination), CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse (INPT), 205 route de Narbonne, BP 44099, Toulouse F-31077 Cedex 4, France
| | | | - Sébastien Coté
- ∥Département de Physique and Groupe de recherche sur les protéines membranaires (GEPROM), Université de Montréal, C.P. 6128, succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Québec H3C 3T5, Canada
| | - Alfonso De Simone
- ⊥Department of Life Sciences, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Andrew J Doig
- #Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, University of Manchester, 131 Princess Street, Manchester M1 7DN, United Kingdom
| | - Peter Faller
- ‡LCC (Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination), CNRS, Université de Toulouse, Université Paul Sabatier (UPS), Institut National Polytechnique de Toulouse (INPT), 205 route de Narbonne, BP 44099, Toulouse F-31077 Cedex 4, France
| | | | - Alessandro Laio
- ○The International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), Via Bonomea 265, 34136 Trieste, Italy
| | - Mai Suan Li
- ◆Institute of Physics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Al. Lotnikow 32/46, 02-668 Warsaw, Poland.,¶Institute for Computational Science and Technology, SBI Building, Quang Trung Software City, Tan Chanh Hiep Ward, District 12, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam
| | - Simone Melchionna
- ⬠Instituto Processi Chimico-Fisici, CNR-IPCF, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | | | - Yuguang Mu
- ▲School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, 637551 Singapore
| | - Anant Paravastu
- ⊕National High Magnetic Field Laboratory, 1800 East Paul Dirac Drive, Tallahassee, Florida 32310, United States
| | - Samuela Pasquali
- †Laboratoire de Biochimie Théorique, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique (IBPC), UPR9080 CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | | | - Birgit Strodel
- △Institute of Complex Systems: Structural Biochemistry (ICS-6), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Bogdan Tarus
- †Laboratoire de Biochimie Théorique, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique (IBPC), UPR9080 CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France
| | - John H Viles
- ▼School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, United Kingdom
| | - Tong Zhang
- †Laboratoire de Biochimie Théorique, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique (IBPC), UPR9080 CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France.,▲School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, 637551 Singapore
| | | | - Philippe Derreumaux
- †Laboratoire de Biochimie Théorique, Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique (IBPC), UPR9080 CNRS, Université Paris Diderot, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 13 rue Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France.,□Institut Universitaire de France, 75005 Paris, France
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Ferreira IL, Ferreiro E, Schmidt J, Cardoso JM, Pereira CM, Carvalho AL, Oliveira CR, Rego AC. Aβ and NMDAR activation cause mitochondrial dysfunction involving ER calcium release. Neurobiol Aging 2015; 36:680-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2014.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2013] [Revised: 08/26/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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23
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Cissé M, Checler F. Eph receptors: new players in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis. Neurobiol Dis 2014; 73:137-49. [PMID: 25193466 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2014.08.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2014] [Revised: 08/01/2014] [Accepted: 08/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is devastating and leads to permanent losses of memory and other cognitive functions. Although recent genetic evidences strongly argue for a causative role of Aβ in AD onset and progression (Jonsson et al., 2012), its role in AD etiology remains a matter of debate. However, even if not the sole culprit or pathological trigger, genetic and anatomical evidences in conjunction with numerous pharmacological studies, suggest that Aβ peptides, at least contribute to the disease. How Aβ contributes to memory loss remains largely unknown. Soluble Aβ species referred to as Aβ oligomers have been shown to be neurotoxic and induce network failure and cognitive deficits in animal models of the disease. In recent years, several proteins were described as potential Aβ oligomers receptors, amongst which are the receptor tyrosine kinases of Eph family. These receptors together with their natural ligands referred to as ephrins have been involved in a plethora of physiological and pathological processes, including embryonic neurogenesis, learning and memory, diabetes, cancers and anxiety. Here we review recent discoveries on Eph receptors-mediated protection against Aβ oligomers neurotoxicity as well as their potential as therapeutic targets in AD pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moustapha Cissé
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR7275 CNRS/UNS, "Labex Distalz", 660 route des Lucioles, 06560, Sophia-Antipolis, Valbonne, France..
| | - Frédéric Checler
- Institut de Pharmacologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, UMR7275 CNRS/UNS, "Labex Distalz", 660 route des Lucioles, 06560, Sophia-Antipolis, Valbonne, France..
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24
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Mota SI, Ferreira IL, Valero J, Ferreiro E, Carvalho AL, Oliveira CR, Rego AC. Impaired Src signaling and post-synaptic actin polymerization in Alzheimer's disease mice hippocampus--linking NMDA receptors and the reelin pathway. Exp Neurol 2014; 261:698-709. [PMID: 25128699 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2014.07.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2014] [Revised: 07/12/2014] [Accepted: 07/27/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Early cognitive deficits in Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been related to deregulation of N-methyl-d-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) and synaptic dysfunction in response to amyloid-beta peptide. NMDAR anchorage to post-synaptic membrane depends in part on Src kinase, which is also implicated in NMDAR activation and actin cytoskeleton stabilization, two processes relevant for normal synaptic function. In this study we analyzed the changes in GluN2B subunit phosphorylation and the levels of proteins involved in Src related signaling pathways linking the Tyr kinase to actin cytoskeleton polymerization, namely reelin, disabled-1 (Dab1) and cortactin, in hippocampal and cortical homogenates obtained from the triple transgenic mouse model of AD (3xTg-AD) that shows progression of pathology as a function of age versus age-matched wild-type mice. Moreover, we evaluated regional post-synaptic actin polymerization using phalloidin labeling in hippocampal slices. Young (3month-old) 3xTg-AD male mice hippocampus exhibited decreased GluN2B Tyr1472 phosphorylation and reduced Src activity. In the cortex, decreased Src activity correlated with reduced levels of reelin and Dab1, implicating changes in the reelin pathway. We also observed diminished phosphorylated Dab1 and cortactin protein levels in the hippocampus and cortex of young 3xTg-AD male mice. Concordantly with the recognized role of these proteins in actin stabilization, we detected a significant decrease in post-synaptic F-actin in 3month-old 3xTg-AD male CA1 and CA3 hippocampal regions. These data suggest deregulated Src-dependent signaling pathways involving GluN2B-composed NMDARs and post-synaptic actin cytoskeleton depolymerization in the hippocampus in early stages of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra I Mota
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Ildete L Ferreira
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Jorge Valero
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Elisabete Ferreiro
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Ana L Carvalho
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Life Science Department, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - Catarina R Oliveira
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
| | - A Cristina Rego
- Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology (CNC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Institute for Interdisciplinary Research (IIIUC), University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal; Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
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Huang HC, Tang D, Xu K, Jiang ZF. Curcumin attenuates amyloid-β-induced tau hyperphosphorylation in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells involving PTEN/Akt/GSK-3β signaling pathway. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2013; 34:26-37. [DOI: 10.3109/10799893.2013.848891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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Wang ZC, Zhao J, Li S. Dysregulation of synaptic and extrasynaptic N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors induced by amyloid-β. Neurosci Bull 2013; 29:752-60. [PMID: 24136243 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-013-1383-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2012] [Accepted: 02/25/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The toxicity of amyloid-beta (Aβ) is strongly associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD), which has a high incidence in the elderly worldwide. Recent evidence showed that alteration in the activity of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors (NMDARs) plays a key role in Aβ-induced neurotoxicity. However, the activation of synaptic and extrasynaptic NMDARs has distinct consequences for plasticity, gene regulation, neuronal death, and Aβ production. This review focuses on the dysregulation of synaptic and extrasynaptic NMDARs induced by Aβ. On one hand, Aβ downregulates the synaptic NMDAR response by promoting NMDAR endocytosis, leading to either neurotoxicity or neuroprotection. On the other hand, Aβ enhances the activation of extrasynaptic NMDARs by decreasing neuronal glutamate uptake and inducing glutamate spillover, subsequently causing neurotoxicity. In addition, selective enhancement of synaptic activity by low doses of NMDA, or reduction of extrasynaptic activity by memantine, a non-competitive NMDAR antagonist, halts Aβ-induced neurotoxicity. Therefore, future neuroprotective drugs for AD should aim at both the enhancement of synaptic activity and the disruption of extrasynaptic NMDAR-dependent death signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Cong Wang
- Department of Physiology, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, 116044, China
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Mota SI, Ferreira IL, Rego AC. Dysfunctional synapse in Alzheimer's disease - A focus on NMDA receptors. Neuropharmacology 2013; 76 Pt A:16-26. [PMID: 23973316 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2013.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2013] [Revised: 08/03/2013] [Accepted: 08/08/2013] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent form of dementia in the elderly. Alterations capable of causing brain circuitry dysfunctions in AD may take several years to develop. Oligomeric amyloid-beta peptide (Aβ) plays a complex role in the molecular events that lead to progressive loss of function and eventually to neurodegeneration in this devastating disease. Moreover, N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptors (NMDARs) activation has been recently implicated in AD-related synaptic dysfunction. Thus, in this review we focus on glutamatergic neurotransmission impairment and the changes in NMDAR regulation in AD, following the description on the role and location of NMDARs at pre- and post-synaptic sites under physiological conditions. In addition, considering that there is currently no effective ways to cure AD or stop its progression, we further discuss the relevance of NMDARs antagonists to prevent AD symptomatology. This review posits additional information on the role played by Aβ in AD and the importance of targeting the tripartite glutamatergic synapse in early asymptomatic and possible reversible stages of the disease through preventive and/or disease-modifying therapeutic strategies. This article is part of the Special Issue entitled 'The Synaptic Basis of Neurodegenerative Disorders'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra I Mota
- CNC - Center for Neuroscience and Cell Biology, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-504 Coimbra, Portugal.
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Daulatzai MA. Neurotoxic Saboteurs: Straws that Break the Hippo’s (Hippocampus) Back Drive Cognitive Impairment and Alzheimer’s Disease. Neurotox Res 2013; 24:407-59. [DOI: 10.1007/s12640-013-9407-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2013] [Revised: 06/06/2013] [Accepted: 06/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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Abstract
The concept of "prion-like" has been proposed to explain the pathogenic mechanism of the principal neurodegenerative disorders associated with protein misfolding, including Alzheimer disease (AD). Other evidence relates prion protein with AD: the cellular prion protein (PrP(C)) binds β amyloid oligomers, allegedly responsible for the neurodegeneration in AD, mediating their toxic effects. We and others have confirmed the high-affinity binding between β amyloid oligomers and PrP(C), but we were not able to assess the functional consequences of this interaction using behavioral investigations and in vitro tests. This discrepancy rather than being resolved with the classic explanations, differencies in methodological aspects, has been reinforced by new data from different sources. Here we present data obtained with PrP antibody that not interfere with the neurotoxic activity of β amyloid oligomers. Since the potential role of the PrP(C) in the neuronal dysfunction induced by β amyloid oligomers is an important issue, find reasonable explanation of the inconsistent results is needed. Even more important however is the relevance of this interaction in the context of the disease, so as to develop valid therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianluigi Forloni
- Department of Neuroscience, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milano, Italy.
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