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Rose M, Burgess JT, Cheong CM, Adams MN, Shahrouzi P, O’Byrne KJ, Richard DJ, Bolderson E. The expression and role of the Lem-D proteins Ankle2, Emerin, Lemd2, and TMPO in triple-negative breast cancer cell growth. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1222698. [PMID: 38720803 PMCID: PMC11076778 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1222698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a sub-classification of breast carcinomas, which leads to poor survival outcomes for patients. TNBCs do not possess the hormone receptors that are frequently targeted as a therapeutic in other cancer subtypes and, therefore, chemotherapy remains the standard treatment for TNBC. Nuclear envelope proteins are frequently dysregulated in cancer cells, supporting their potential as novel cancer therapy targets. The Lem-domain (Lem-D) (LAP2, Emerin, MAN1 domain, and Lem-D) proteins are a family of inner nuclear membrane proteins, which share a ~45-residue Lem-D. The Lem-D proteins, including Ankle2, Lemd2, TMPO, and Emerin, have been shown to be associated with many of the hallmarks of cancer. This study aimed to define the association between the Lem-D proteins and TNBC and determine whether these proteins could be promising therapeutic targets. Methods GENT2, TCGA, and KM plotter were utilized to investigate the expression and prognostic implications of several Lem-D proteins: Ankle2, TMPO, Emerin, and Lemd2 in publicly available breast cancer patient data. Immunoblotting and immunofluorescent analysis of immortalized non-cancerous breast cells and a panel of TNBC cells were utilized to establish whether protein expression of the Lem-D proteins was significantly altered in TNBC. SiRNA was used to decrease individual Lem-D protein expression, and functional assays, including proliferation assays and apoptosis assays, were conducted. Results The Lem-D proteins were generally overexpressed in TNBC patient samples at the mRNA level and showed variable expression at the protein level in TNBC cell lysates. Similarly, protein levels were generally negatively correlated with patient survival outcomes. siRNA-mediated depletion of the individual Lem-D proteins in TNBC cells induced aberrant nuclear morphology, decreased proliferation, and induced cell death. However, minimal effects on nuclear morphology or cell viability were observed following Lem-D depletion in non-cancerous MCF10A cells. Conclusion There is evidence to suggest that Ankle2, TMPO, Emerin, and Lemd2 expressions are correlated with breast cancer patient outcomes, but larger patient sample numbers are required to confirm this. siRNA-mediated depletion of these proteins was shown to specifically impair TNBC cell growth, suggesting that the Lem-D proteins may be a specific anti-cancer target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maddison Rose
- Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Joshua T. Burgess
- Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Chee Man Cheong
- Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Mark N. Adams
- Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Parastoo Shahrouzi
- Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Kenneth J. O’Byrne
- Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
- Cancer Services, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Derek J. Richard
- Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Emma Bolderson
- Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Translational Research Institute, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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Mishra J, Chakraborty S, Niharika, Roy A, Manna S, Baral T, Nandi P, Patra SK. Mechanotransduction and epigenetic modulations of chromatin: Role of mechanical signals in gene regulation. J Cell Biochem 2024; 125:e30531. [PMID: 38345428 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.30531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024]
Abstract
Mechanical forces may be generated within a cell due to tissue stiffness, cytoskeletal reorganization, and the changes (even subtle) in the cell's physical surroundings. These changes of forces impose a mechanical tension within the intracellular protein network (both cytosolic and nuclear). Mechanical tension could be released by a series of protein-protein interactions often facilitated by membrane lipids, lectins and sugar molecules and thus generate a type of signal to drive cellular processes, including cell differentiation, polarity, growth, adhesion, movement, and survival. Recent experimental data have accentuated the molecular mechanism of this mechanical signal transduction pathway, dubbed mechanotransduction. Mechanosensitive proteins in the cell's plasma membrane discern the physical forces and channel the information to the cell interior. Cells respond to the message by altering their cytoskeletal arrangement and directly transmitting the signal to the nucleus through the connection of the cytoskeleton and nucleoskeleton before the information despatched to the nucleus by biochemical signaling pathways. Nuclear transmission of the force leads to the activation of chromatin modifiers and modulation of the epigenetic landscape, inducing chromatin reorganization and gene expression regulation; by the time chemical messengers (transcription factors) arrive into the nucleus. While significant research has been done on the role of mechanotransduction in tumor development and cancer progression/metastasis, the mechanistic basis of force-activated carcinogenesis is still enigmatic. Here, in this review, we have discussed the various cues and molecular connections to better comprehend the cellular mechanotransduction pathway, and we also explored the detailed role of some of the multiple players (proteins and macromolecular complexes) involved in mechanotransduction. Thus, we have described an avenue: how mechanical stress directs the epigenetic modifiers to modulate the epigenome of the cells and how aberrant stress leads to the cancer phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jagdish Mishra
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Life Science, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Subhajit Chakraborty
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Life Science, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Niharika
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Life Science, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Ankan Roy
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Life Science, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Soumen Manna
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Life Science, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Tirthankar Baral
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Life Science, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Piyasa Nandi
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Life Science, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
| | - Samir K Patra
- Epigenetics and Cancer Research Laboratory, Department of Life Science, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Group, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Odisha, India
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Keuper K, Bartek J, Maya-Mendoza A. The nexus of nuclear envelope dynamics, circular economy and cancer cell pathophysiology. Eur J Cell Biol 2024; 103:151394. [PMID: 38340500 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejcb.2024.151394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2023] [Revised: 02/01/2024] [Accepted: 02/02/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
The nuclear envelope (NE) is a critical component in maintaining the function and structure of the eukaryotic nucleus. The NE and lamina are disassembled during each cell cycle to enable an open mitosis. Nuclear architecture construction and deconstruction is a prime example of a circular economy, as it fulfills a highly efficient recycling program bound to continuous assessment of the quality and functionality of the building blocks. Alterations in the nuclear dynamics and lamina structure have emerged as important contributors to both oncogenic transformation and cancer progression. However, the knowledge of the NE breakdown and reassembly is still limited to a fraction of participating proteins and complexes. As cancer cells contain highly diverse nuclei in terms of DNA content, but also in terms of nuclear number, size, and shape, it is of great interest to understand the intricate relationship between these nuclear features in cancer cell pathophysiology. In this review, we provide insights into how those NE dynamics are regulated, and how lamina destabilization processes may alter the NE circular economy. Moreover, we expand the knowledge of the lamina-associated domain region by using strategic algorithms, including Artificial Intelligence, to infer protein associations, assess their function and location, and predict cancer-type specificity with implications for the future of cancer diagnosis, prognosis and treatment. Using this approach we identified NUP98 and MECP2 as potential proteins that exhibit upregulation in Acute Myeloid Leukemia (LAML) patients with implications for early diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Keuper
- DNA Replication and Cancer Group, Danish Cancer Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark; Genome Integrity Group, Danish Cancer Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jiri Bartek
- Genome Integrity Group, Danish Cancer Institute, Copenhagen, Denmark; Division of Genome Biology, Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics, Karolinska Institutet, SciLifeLab, Stockholm, Sweden
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Das S, Dey MK, Devireddy R, Gartia MR. Biomarkers in Cancer Detection, Diagnosis, and Prognosis. Sensors (Basel) 2023; 24:37. [PMID: 38202898 PMCID: PMC10780704 DOI: 10.3390/s24010037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Biomarkers are vital in healthcare as they provide valuable insights into disease diagnosis, prognosis, treatment response, and personalized medicine. They serve as objective indicators, enabling early detection and intervention, leading to improved patient outcomes and reduced costs. Biomarkers also guide treatment decisions by predicting disease outcomes and facilitating individualized treatment plans. They play a role in monitoring disease progression, adjusting treatments, and detecting early signs of recurrence. Furthermore, biomarkers enhance drug development and clinical trials by identifying suitable patients and accelerating the approval process. In this review paper, we described a variety of biomarkers applicable for cancer detection and diagnosis, such as imaging-based diagnosis (CT, SPECT, MRI, and PET), blood-based biomarkers (proteins, genes, mRNA, and peptides), cell imaging-based diagnosis (needle biopsy and CTC), tissue imaging-based diagnosis (IHC), and genetic-based biomarkers (RNAseq, scRNAseq, and spatial transcriptomics).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Manas Ranjan Gartia
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA; (S.D.); (M.K.D.); (R.D.)
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Kim Y. The impact of altered lamin B1 levels on nuclear lamina structure and function in aging and human diseases. Curr Opin Cell Biol 2023; 85:102257. [PMID: 37806292 DOI: 10.1016/j.ceb.2023.102257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
The role of lamin B1 in human health and aging has attracted increasing attention as mounting evidence reveals its significance in diverse cellular processes. Both upregulation and downregulation of lamin B1 have been implicated in age-associated organ dysfunctions and various human diseases, including central nervous system disorders. Additionally, lamin B1 levels undergo alterations in cancer cells, and a tumor-specific association exists between lamin B1 abundance and cancer aggressiveness. Investigating the connectivity between lamin B1 abundance and human health is of utmost importance for further research. This review presents recent advancements in understanding lamin B1's role in nuclear lamina function and its implications for human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youngjo Kim
- Department of Integrated Biomedical Science and Soonchunhyang Institute of Medi-Bioscience, Soonchunhyang University, Cheon-an 31151, Republic of Korea.
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Doganyigit Z, Eroglu E, Okan A. Intermediate filament proteins are reliable immunohistological biomarkers to help diagnose multiple tissue-specific diseases. Anat Histol Embryol 2023; 52:655-672. [PMID: 37329162 DOI: 10.1111/ahe.12937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2022] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/31/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Cytoskeletal networks are proteins that effectively maintain cell integrity and provide mechanical support to cells by actively transmitting mechanical signals. Intermediate filaments, which are from the cytoskeleton family and are 10 nanometres in diameter, are unlike actin and microtubules, which are highly dynamic cytoskeletal elements. Intermediate filaments are flexible at low strain, harden at high strain and resist breaking. For this reason, these filaments fulfil structural functions by providing mechanical support to the cells through their different strain-hardening properties. Intermediate filaments are suitable in that cells both cope with mechanical forces and modulate signal transmission. These filaments are composed of fibrous proteins that exhibit a central α-helical rod domain with a conserved substructure. Intermediate filament proteins are divided into six groups. Type I and type II include acidic and basic keratins, type III, vimentin, desmin, peripheralin and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), respectively. Type IV intermediate filament group includes neurofilament proteins and a fourth neurofilament subunit, α-internexin proteins. Type V consists of lamins located in the nucleus, and the type VI group consists of lens-specific intermediate filaments, CP49/phakinin and filen. Intermediate filament proteins show specific immunoreactivity in differentiating cells and mature cells of various types. Various carcinomas such as colorectal, urothelial and ovarian, diseases such as chronic pancreatitis, cirrhosis, hepatitis and cataract have been associated with intermediate filaments. Accordingly, this section reviews available immunohistochemical antibodies to intermediate filament proteins. Identification of intermediate filament proteins by methodological methods may contribute to the understanding of complex diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuleyha Doganyigit
- Faculty of Medicine, Histology and Embryology, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Ece Eroglu
- Faculty of Medicine, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey
| | - Aslı Okan
- Faculty of Medicine, Histology and Embryology, Yozgat Bozok University, Yozgat, Turkey
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El-Sadoni M, Shboul SA, Alhesa A, Shahin NA, Alsharaiah E, Ismail MA, Ababneh NA, Alotaibi MR, Azab B, Saleh T. A three-marker signature identifies senescence in human breast cancer exposed to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Cancer Chemother Pharmacol 2023; 91:345-360. [PMID: 36964435 DOI: 10.1007/s00280-023-04523-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/26/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Despite the beneficial effects of chemotherapy, therapy-induced senescence (TIS) manifests itself as an undesirable byproduct. Preclinical evidence suggests that tumor cells undergoing TIS can re-emerge as more aggressive divergents and contribute to recurrence, and thus, senolytics were proposed as adjuvant treatment to eliminate senescent tumor cells. However, the identification of TIS in clinical samples is essential for the optimal use of senolytics in cancer therapy. In this study, we aimed to detect and quantify TIS using matched breast cancer samples collected pre- and post-exposure to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). METHODS Detection of TIS was based on the change in gene and protein expression levels of three senescence-associated markers (downregulation of Lamin B1 and Ki-67 and upregulation of p16INK4a). RESULTS Our analysis revealed that 23 of 72 (31%) of tumors had a shift in the protein expression of the three markers after exposure to NAC suggestive of TIS. Gene expression sets of two independent NAC-treated breast cancer samples showed consistent changes in the expression levels of LMNB1, MKI67 and CDKN2A. CONCLUSIONS Collectively, our study shows a more individualized approach to measure TIS hallmarks in matched breast cancer samples and provides an estimation of the extent of TIS in breast cancer clinically. Results from this work should be complemented with more comprehensive identification approaches of TIS in clinical samples in order to adopt a more careful implementation of senolytics in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed El-Sadoni
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Sofian Al Shboul
- Department of Pharmacology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, 13133, Jordan
| | - Ahmad Alhesa
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Nisreen Abu Shahin
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Elham Alsharaiah
- Department of Pathology, Royal Medical Services, King Hussein Medical Center, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | | | - Nidaa A Ababneh
- Cell Therapy Center, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
| | - Moureq R Alotaibi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Bilal Azab
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman, 11942, Jordan
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, 10032, USA
| | - Tareq Saleh
- Department of Pharmacology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa, 13133, Jordan.
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Liu S, Li Y, Hong Y, Wang M, Zhang H, Ma J, Qu K, Huang G, Lu TJ. Mechanotherapy in oncology: Targeting nuclear mechanics and mechanotransduction. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 194:114722. [PMID: 36738968 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2023.114722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Mechanotherapy is proposed as a new option for cancer treatment. Increasing evidence suggests that characteristic differences are present in the nuclear mechanics and mechanotransduction of cancer cells compared with those of normal cells. Recent advances in understanding nuclear mechanics and mechanotransduction provide not only further insights into the process of malignant transformation but also useful references for developing new therapeutic approaches. Herein, we present an overview of the alterations of nuclear mechanics and mechanotransduction in cancer cells and highlight their implications in cancer mechanotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaobao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, PR China; MIIT Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Lightweight Materials and Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics, Nanjing 210016, PR China
| | - Yuan Li
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Yuan Hong
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China; National Science Foundation Science and Technology Center for Engineering Mechanobiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Ming Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China; Bioinspired Engineering and Biomechanics Center (BEBC), Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710049, PR China
| | - Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, PR China; MIIT Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Lightweight Materials and Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics, Nanjing 210016, PR China
| | - Jinlu Ma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Xian Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, PR China
| | - Kai Qu
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the First Affiliated Hospital, Xian Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710061, PR China
| | - Guoyou Huang
- Department of Engineering Mechanics, School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, PR China.
| | - Tian Jian Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, PR China; MIIT Key Laboratory of Multifunctional Lightweight Materials and Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics, Nanjing 210016, PR China.
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Meng X, Cao J, Zheng H, Ma X, Wang Y, Tong Y, Xie S, Lu R, Guo L. TPX2 promotes ovarian tumorigenesis by interacting with Lamin A/C and affecting its stability. Cancer Med 2023; 12:9738-9748. [PMID: 36789877 PMCID: PMC10166900 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 01/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the fatal gynecologic malignancies. However, there are no effective prognostic or therapeutic indicators for OC. Herein, we aim to reveal the potential function of targeting protein for Xklp2 (TPX2) in OC progression. METHODS Immunohistochemical and bioinformatic analyses were used to evaluate the level of TPX2 in OC samples. Effects of TPX2 on cell proliferation, cell apoptosis and ROS production were evaluated in vivo and in vitro. Mass spectrometry, Co-IP and immunofluorescence assays were performed to identify and verify protein-protein interactions. RESULTS Our data showed that pathological overexpression (OE) of the TPX2 in OC could manifest a poor prognosis. Functional studies demonstrated that TPX2 silencing led to the suppression of cell proliferation in vitro and in vivo through an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS) level and apoptosis, while TPX2 OE exhibited the opposite effect. Furthermore, by mass spectrometric analysis, we identified a novel interacting partner, Lamin A/C, for TPX2. Mechanistically, TPX2 regulated Lamin A/C's stability by modulating the level of phospho-Lamin A/C (Ser 22). CONCLUSION Our findings thus suggest that TPX2 may be a promising therapeutic target for OC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Meng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiazhen Cao
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Hui Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaolu Ma
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Yanchun Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Ying Tong
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Suhong Xie
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China
| | - Renquan Lu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lin Guo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, China.,Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
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Sehgal P, Chaturvedi P. Chromatin and Cancer: Implications of Disrupted Chromatin Organization in Tumorigenesis and Its Diversification. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:cancers15020466. [PMID: 36672415 PMCID: PMC9856863 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15020466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A hallmark of cancers is uncontrolled cell proliferation, frequently associated with an underlying imbalance in gene expression. This transcriptional dysregulation observed in cancers is multifaceted and involves chromosomal rearrangements, chimeric transcription factors, or altered epigenetic marks. Traditionally, chromatin dysregulation in cancers has been considered a downstream effect of driver mutations. However, here we present a broader perspective on the alteration of chromatin organization in the establishment, diversification, and therapeutic resistance of cancers. We hypothesize that the chromatin organization controls the accessibility of the transcriptional machinery to regulate gene expression in cancerous cells and preserves the structural integrity of the nucleus by regulating nuclear volume. Disruption of this large-scale chromatin in proliferating cancerous cells in conventional chemotherapies induces DNA damage and provides a positive feedback loop for chromatin rearrangements and tumor diversification. Consequently, the surviving cells from these chemotherapies become tolerant to higher doses of the therapeutic reagents, which are significantly toxic to normal cells. Furthermore, the disorganization of chromatin induced by these therapies accentuates nuclear fragility, thereby increasing the invasive potential of these tumors. Therefore, we believe that understanding the changes in chromatin organization in cancerous cells is expected to deliver more effective pharmacological interventions with minimal effects on non-cancerous cells.
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Hiroe T, Moriya S, Kobayashi S, Nishijima Y, Watanabe A, Shirabe K, Ikota H, Yokoo H, Saio M. Negative correlation between the nuclear size and nuclear Lamina component Lamin A in intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms of the pancreas. Pathol Oncol Res 2022; 28:1610684. [PMID: 36561231 PMCID: PMC9764245 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2022.1610684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Background: The nuclear laminar protein Lamin A and inner nuclear membrane protein Emerin plays important role in sustaining nuclear structure. However, They have not investigated the significance of these proteins for development of pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN). Methods: We examined pancreatic IPMN specimens for nuclear morphology and nuclear protein expression pattern of Lamin A and Emerin. Forty-two IPMN specimens were included, with 30 classified as intraductal papillary mucinous adenoma (IPMA) and 12 as intraductal papillary mucinous carcinoma (IPMC). Results: Classification according to histological subtype revealed that 26 specimens were of the gastric subtype (1 IPMC case), 8 were pancreatobiliary (6 IPMC cases), 6 were intestinal (3 IPMC cases), and 2 were oncocytic (all cases were IPMC). The frequency of IPMN subtypes in this study seemed to agree with those in previous reports. We analyzed Feulgen staining sections for nuclear morphological analysis using computer-assisted image analysis. Nuclear area and perimeter were significantly larger in IPMC than in IPMA. Finally, we examined the positive ratios of Lamin A and Emerin in immunohistochemical staining sections by image analysis. We found a negative correlation between the nuclear size and Lamin A-positive ratio, which was significantly lower in IPMC than that in IPMA. However, no significant correlation was observed between nuclear size and Emerin expression was observed, and no differences were found in the Emerin-positive ratio between IPMA and IPMC. Conclusion: Our results suggest that a decreased Lamin A positive ratio induces nuclear enlargement in adenomas, which thereby induce promotion to carcinomas. Furthermore, Lamin A expression can be a reliable biomarker for distinguishing between IPMC and IPMA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamaki Hiroe
- Laboratory of Histopathology and Cytopathology, Department of Laboratory Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Shunichi Moriya
- Laboratory of Histopathology and Cytopathology, Department of Laboratory Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Sayaka Kobayashi
- Laboratory of Histopathology and Cytopathology, Department of Laboratory Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Yoshimi Nishijima
- Laboratory of Histopathology and Cytopathology, Department of Laboratory Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Akira Watanabe
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Ken Shirabe
- Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Hayato Ikota
- Clinical Department of Pathology, Gunma University Hospital, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Hideaki Yokoo
- Department of Human Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan
| | - Masanao Saio
- Laboratory of Histopathology and Cytopathology, Department of Laboratory Sciences, Graduate School of Health Sciences, Gunma University, Maebashi, Gunma, Japan,*Correspondence: Masanao Saio,
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12
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Abstract
Chromosomes inside the nucleus are not located in the form of linear molecules. Instead, there is a complex multilevel genome folding that includes nucleosomes packaging, formation of chromatin loops, domains, compartments, and finally, chromosomal territories. Proper spatial organization play an essential role for the correct functioning of the genome, and is therefore dynamically changed during development or disease. Here we discuss how the organization of the cancer cell genome differs from the healthy genome at various levels. A better understanding of how malignization affects genome organization and long-range gene regulation will help to reveal the molecular mechanisms underlying cancer development and evolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Gridina
- The Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Novosibirsk, Russia
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13
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Golloshi R, Playter C, Freeman TF, Das P, Raines TI, Garretson JH, Thurston D, McCord RP. Constricted migration is associated with stable 3D genome structure differences in cancer cells. EMBO Rep 2022; 23:e52149. [PMID: 35969179 PMCID: PMC9535800 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202052149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2020] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
To spread from a localized tumor, metastatic cancer cells must squeeze through constrictions that cause major nuclear deformations. Since chromosome structure affects nucleus stiffness, gene regulation, and DNA repair, here, we investigate the relationship between 3D genome structure and constricted migration in cancer cells. Using melanoma (A375) cells, we identify phenotypic differences in cells that have undergone multiple rounds of constricted migration. These cells display a stably higher migration efficiency, elongated morphology, and differences in the distribution of Lamin A/C and heterochromatin. Hi-C experiments reveal differences in chromosome spatial compartmentalization specific to cells that have passed through constrictions and related alterations in expression of genes associated with migration and metastasis. Certain features of the 3D genome structure changes, such as a loss of B compartment interaction strength, are consistently observed after constricted migration in clonal populations of A375 cells and in MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells. Our observations suggest that consistent types of chromosome structure changes are induced or selected by passage through constrictions and that these may epigenetically encode stable differences in gene expression and cellular migration phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosela Golloshi
- Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology DepartmentUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTNUSA
| | - Christopher Playter
- Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology DepartmentUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTNUSA
| | - Trevor F Freeman
- Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology DepartmentUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTNUSA
| | - Priyojit Das
- UT‐ORNL Graduate School of Genome Science and TechnologyUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTNUSA
| | - Thomas Isaac Raines
- Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology DepartmentUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTNUSA
| | - Joshua H Garretson
- Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology DepartmentUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTNUSA
| | - Delaney Thurston
- Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology DepartmentUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTNUSA
| | - Rachel Patton McCord
- Biochemistry & Cellular and Molecular Biology DepartmentUniversity of TennesseeKnoxvilleTNUSA
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14
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La Torre M, Merigliano C, Maccaroni K, Chojnowski A, Goh WI, Giubettini M, Vernì F, Capanni C, Rhodes D, Wright G, Burke B, Soddu S, Burla R, Saggio I. Combined alteration of lamin and nuclear morphology influences the localization of the tumor-associated factor AKTIP. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2022; 41:273. [PMID: 36096808 PMCID: PMC9469526 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-022-02480-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Lamins, key nuclear lamina components, have been proposed as candidate risk biomarkers in different types of cancer but their accuracy is still debated. AKTIP is a telomeric protein with the property of being enriched at the nuclear lamina. AKTIP has similarity with the tumor susceptibility gene TSG101. AKTIP deficiency generates genome instability and, in p53−/− mice, the reduction of the mouse counterpart of AKTIP induces the exacerbation of lymphomas. Here, we asked whether the distribution of AKTIP is altered in cancer cells and whether this is associated with alterations of lamins. Methods We performed super-resolution imaging, quantification of lamin expression and nuclear morphology on HeLa, MCF7, and A549 tumor cells, and on non-transformed fibroblasts from healthy donor and HGPS (LMNA c.1824C > T p.Gly608Gly) and EDMD2 (LMNA c.775 T > G) patients. As proof of principle model combining a defined lamin alteration with a tumor cell setting, we produced HeLa cells exogenously expressing the HGPS lamin mutant progerin that alters nuclear morphology. Results In HeLa cells, AKTIP locates at less than 0.5 µm from the nuclear rim and co-localizes with lamin A/C. As compared to HeLa, there is a reduced co-localization of AKTIP with lamin A/C in both MCF7 and A549. Additionally, MCF7 display lower amounts of AKTIP at the rim. The analyses in non-transformed fibroblasts show that AKTIP mislocalizes in HGPS cells but not in EDMD2. The integrated analysis of lamin expression, nuclear morphology, and AKTIP topology shows that positioning of AKTIP is influenced not only by lamin expression, but also by nuclear morphology. This conclusion is validated by progerin-expressing HeLa cells in which nuclei are morphologically altered and AKTIP is mislocalized. Conclusions Our data show that the combined alteration of lamin and nuclear morphology influences the localization of the tumor-associated factor AKTIP. The results also point to the fact that lamin alterations per se are not predictive of AKTIP mislocalization, in both non-transformed and tumor cells. In more general terms, this study supports the thesis that a combined analytical approach should be preferred to predict lamin-associated changes in tumor cells. This paves the way of next translational evaluation to validate the use of this combined analytical approach as risk biomarker. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13046-022-02480-5.
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15
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Bell ES, Shah P, Zuela-Sopilniak N, Kim D, Varlet AA, Morival JL, McGregor AL, Isermann P, Davidson PM, Elacqua JJ, Lakins JN, Vahdat L, Weaver VM, Smolka MB, Span PN, Lammerding J. Low lamin A levels enhance confined cell migration and metastatic capacity in breast cancer. Oncogene 2022; 41:4211-4230. [PMID: 35896617 PMCID: PMC9925375 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-022-02420-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Aberrations in nuclear size and shape are commonly used to identify cancerous tissue. However, it remains unclear whether the disturbed nuclear structure directly contributes to the cancer pathology or is merely a consequence of other events occurring during tumorigenesis. Here, we show that highly invasive and proliferative breast cancer cells frequently exhibit Akt-driven lower expression of the nuclear envelope proteins lamin A/C, leading to increased nuclear deformability that permits enhanced cell migration through confined environments that mimic interstitial spaces encountered during metastasis. Importantly, increasing lamin A/C expression in highly invasive breast cancer cells reflected gene expression changes characteristic of human breast tumors with higher LMNA expression, and specifically affected pathways related to cell-ECM interactions, cell metabolism, and PI3K/Akt signaling. Further supporting an important role of lamins in breast cancer metastasis, analysis of lamin levels in human breast tumors revealed a significant association between lower lamin A levels, Akt signaling, and decreased disease-free survival. These findings suggest that downregulation of lamin A/C in breast cancer cells may influence both cellular physical properties and biochemical signaling to promote metastatic progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily S. Bell
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY,Current address: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA
| | - Pragya Shah
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | | | - Dongsung Kim
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Alice-Anais Varlet
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Julien L.P. Morival
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Alexandra L. McGregor
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY,Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Philipp Isermann
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | | | - Joshua J. Elacqua
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Jonathan N. Lakins
- Center for Bioengineering and Tissue Regeneration, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Linda Vahdat
- Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY
| | - Valerie M. Weaver
- Center for Bioengineering and Tissue Regeneration, Department of Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA,Helen Diller Cancer Center, Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, and Department of Radiation Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA
| | - Marcus B. Smolka
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
| | - Paul N. Span
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Radiotherapy & OncoImmunology laboratory, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Jan Lammerding
- Weill Institute for Cell and Molecular Biology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA. .,Nancy E. and Peter C. Meinig School of Biomedical Engineering, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA.
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16
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Bruschi M, Kajana X, Petretto A, Bartolucci M, Pavanello M, Ghiggeri GM, Panfoli I, Candiano G. Weighted Gene Co-Expression Network Analysis and Support Vector Machine Learning in the Proteomic Profiling of Cerebrospinal Fluid from Extraventricular Drainage in Child Medulloblastoma. Metabolites 2022; 12:724. [PMID: 36005596 DOI: 10.3390/metabo12080724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Revised: 07/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common pediatric malignant central nervous system tumor. Overall survival in MB depends on treatment tuning. There is aneed for biomarkers of residual disease and recurrence. We analyzed the proteome of waste cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from extraventricular drainage (EVD) from six children bearing various subtypes of MB and six controls needing EVD insertion for unrelated causes. Samples included total CSF, microvesicles, exosomes, and proteins captured by combinatorial peptide ligand library (CPLL). Liquid chromatography-coupled tandem mass spectrometry proteomics identified 3560 proteins in CSF from control and MB patients, 2412 (67.7%) of which were overlapping, and 346 (9.7%) and 805 (22.6%) were exclusive. Multidimensional scaling analysis discriminated samples. The weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) identified those modules functionally associated with the samples. A ranked core of 192 proteins allowed distinguishing between control and MB samples. Machine learning highlighted long-chain fatty acid transport protein 4 (SLC27A4) and laminin B-type (LMNB1) as proteins that maximized the discrimination between control and MB samples. Machine learning WGCNA and support vector machine learning were able to distinguish between MB versus non-tumor/hemorrhagic controls. The two potential protein biomarkers for the discrimination between control and MB may guide therapy and predict recurrences, improving the MB patients' quality of life.
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17
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Urciuoli E, Peruzzi B. The Paradox of Nuclear Lamins in Pathologies: Apparently Controversial Roles Explained by Tissue-Specific Mechanobiology. Cells 2022; 11:cells11142194. [PMID: 35883635 PMCID: PMC9318957 DOI: 10.3390/cells11142194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear lamina is a complex meshwork of intermediate filaments (lamins) that is located beneath the inner nuclear membrane and the surrounding nucleoplasm. The lamins exert both structural and functional roles in the nucleus and, by interacting with several nuclear proteins, are involved in a wide range of nuclear and cellular activities. Due their pivotal roles in basic cellular processes, lamin gene mutations, or modulations in lamin expression, are often associated with pathological conditions, ranging from rare genetic diseases, such as laminopathies, to cancer. Although a substantial amount of literature describes the effects that are mediated by the deregulation of nuclear lamins, some apparently controversial results have been reported, which may appear to conflict with each other. In this context, we herein provide our explanation of such “controversy”, which, in our opinion, derives from the tissue-specific expression of nuclear lamins and their close correlation with mechanotransduction processes, which could be very different, or even opposite, depending on the specific mechanical conditions that should not be compared (a tissue vs. another tissue, in vivo studies vs. cell cultures on glass/plastic supports, etc.). Moreover, we have stressed the relevance of considering and reproducing the “mechano-environment” in in vitro experimentation. Indeed, when primary cells that are collected from patients or donors are maintained in a culture, the mechanical signals deriving from canonical experimental procedures of cell culturing could alter the lamin expression, thereby profoundly modifying the assessed cell type, in some cases even too much, compared to the cell of origin.
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18
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Lämmerhirt L, Kappelmann-fenzl M, Fischer S, Pommer M, Zimmermann T, Kluge V, Matthies A, Kuphal S, Bosserhoff AK. Knockdown of Lamin B1 and the Corresponding Lamin B Receptor Leads to Changes in Heterochromatin State and Senescence Induction in Malignant Melanoma. Cells 2022; 11:2154. [PMID: 35883595 PMCID: PMC9321645 DOI: 10.3390/cells11142154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Modifications in nuclear structures of cells are implicated in several diseases including cancer. They result in changes in nuclear activity, structural dynamics and cell signalling. However, the role of the nuclear lamina and related proteins in malignant melanoma is still unknown. Its molecular characterisation might lead to a deeper understanding and the development of new therapy approaches. In this study, we analysed the functional effects of dysregulated nuclear lamin B1 (LMNB1) and its nuclear receptor (LBR). According to their cellular localisation and function, we revealed that these genes are crucially involved in nuclear processes like chromatin organisation. RNA sequencing and differential gene expression analysis after knockdown of LMNB1 and LBR revealed their implication in important cellular processes driving ER stress leading to senescence and changes in chromatin state, which were also experimentally validated. We determined that melanoma cells need both molecules independently to prevent senescence. Hence, downregulation of both molecules in a BRAFV600E melanocytic senescence model as well as in etoposide-treated melanoma cells indicates both as potential senescence markers in melanoma. Our findings suggest that LMNB1 and LBR influence senescence and affect nuclear processes like chromatin condensation and thus are functionally relevant for melanoma progression.
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19
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Qin H, Lu Y, Du L, Shi J, Yin H, Jiang B, Chen W, Diao W, Ding M, Cao W, Qiu X, Zhao X, Guo H. Pan-cancer analysis identifies LMNB1 as a target to redress Th1/Th2 imbalance and enhance PARP inhibitor response in human cancers. Cancer Cell Int 2022; 22:101. [PMID: 35241075 PMCID: PMC8896121 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-022-02467-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2021] [Accepted: 01/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Emerging evidence suggests that LMNB1 is involved in the development of multiple cancer types. However, there is no study reporting the potential role of LMNB1 in a systematic pan-cancer manner. Methods The gene expression level and potential oncogenic roles of LMNB1 in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database were analyzed with Tumor Immune Estimation Resource version 2 (TIMER2.0), Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis version 2 (GEPIA2), UALCAN and Sangerbox tools. Pathway enrichment analysis was carried out to explore the possible mechanism of LMNB1 on tumorigenesis and tumor progression. The therapeutic effects of LMNB1 knockdown combined with PARP inhibition on human cancers were further investigated in vitro. Results LMNB1 upregulation is generally observed in the tumor tissues of most TCGA cancer types, and is verified in kidney renal clear cell carcinoma using clinical specimens of our institute. High level of LMNB1 expression usually predicts poor overall survival and disease free survival for patients with tumors. Mechanically, LMNB1 level is positively correlated with CD4+ Th2 cell infiltration and DNA homologous recombination repair gene expression. In vitro experiments reveal that targeting LMNB1 has a synergistic effect on prostate cancer with PARP inhibitor treatment. Conclusions LMNB1 is a biomarker of CD4+ Th2 cell infiltration and DNA homologous recombination repair in human cancers. Blockage of LMNB1 combined with PARP inhibitor treatment could be a promising therapeutic strategy for patients with cancers. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12935-022-02467-4.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haixiang Qin
- Department of Urology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Yingqiang Lu
- Department of Urology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Du
- Department of Urology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Jingyan Shi
- Department of Urology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Haoli Yin
- Department of Urology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Jiang
- Department of Urology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of Urology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenli Diao
- Department of Urology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Meng Ding
- Department of Urology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenmin Cao
- Department of Urology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng Qiu
- Department of Urology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaozhi Zhao
- Department of Urology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Hongqian Guo
- Department of Urology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School of Nanjing University, Institute of Urology, Nanjing University, 321 Zhongshan Road, Nanjing, 210008, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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20
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Saleh T, Alhesa A, El-Sadoni M, Abu Shahin N, Alsharaiah E, Al Shboul S, Awad H, Bloukh S, Al-Balas M, Alsalem M, Azab B, Aladily TN. The Expression of the Senescence-Associated Biomarker Lamin B1 in Human Breast Cancer. Diagnostics (Basel) 2022; 12. [PMID: 35328162 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12030609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Senescence is a major response to cancer chemotherapy and has been linked to unfavorable therapy outcomes. Lamin B1 is a component of the nuclear lamina that plays a pivotal role in chromatin stability. Downregulation of lamin B1 represents an established biomarker for cellular senescence. However, the protein expression level of lamin B1 in malignant tissue, particularly of the breast, has not been previously described. In this work, we investigated lamin B1 protein expression in normal breast epithelium, malignant breast tissue (including adjacent non-malignant tissue) and in malignant tissue exposed to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) using immunohistochemistry (IHC) in three patient groups (n = 15, n = 87, and n = 43, respectively). Our results indicate that lamin B1 mean positive expression was 93% in normal breast epithelium and 88% in malignant breast cells, but significantly decreased (mean: 55%, p < 0.001) in malignant breast tissue after exposure to NAC, suggestive of senescence induction. No significant association between lamin B1 expression and other clinicopathological characteristics or survival of breast cancer patients was recorded. To our knowledge, this is the first report that established the baseline protein expression level of lamin B1 in normal and malignant breast tissue, and its reduction following exposure to chemotherapy. In conclusion, lamin B1 downregulation can be used reliably as a component of multiple biomarker batteries to identify therapy-induced senescence (TIS) in clinical cancer.
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21
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Burmi RS, Box GM, Wazir U, Hussain HA, Davies JA, Court WJ, Eccles SA, Jiang WG, Mokbel K, Harvey AJ. Breast Tumour Kinase (Brk/PTK6) Contributes to Breast Tumour Xenograft Growth and Modulates Chemotherapeutic Responses In Vitro. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13030402. [PMID: 35327957 PMCID: PMC8950834 DOI: 10.3390/genes13030402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/07/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast tumour kinase (Brk/PTK6) is overexpressed in up to 86% of breast cancers and is associated with poorer patient outcomes. It is considered a potential therapeutic target in breast cancer, even though the full spectrum of its kinase activity is not known. This study investigated the role of the kinase domain in promoting tumour growth and its potential in sensitising triple negative breast cancer cells to standard of care chemotherapy. Triple negative human xenograft models revealed that both kinase-inactive and wild-type Brk promoted xenograft growth. Suppression of Brk activity in cells subsequently co-treated with the chemotherapy agents doxorubicin or paclitaxel resulted in an increased cell sensitivity to these agents. In triple negative breast cancer cell lines, the inhibition of Brk kinase activity augmented the effects of doxorubicin or paclitaxel. High expression of the alternatively spliced isoform, ALT-PTK6, resulted in improved patient outcomes. Our study is the first to show a role for kinase-inactive Brk in human breast tumour xenograft growth; therefore, it is unlikely that kinase inhibition of Brk, in isolation, would halt tumour growth in vivo. Breast cancer cell responses to chemotherapy in vitro were kinase-dependent, indicating that treatment with kinase inhibitors could be a fruitful avenue for combinatorial treatment. Of particular prognostic value is the ratio of ALT-PTK6:Brk expression in predicating patient outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rajpal S. Burmi
- Centre for Genome Engineering and Maintenance, Institute for Health Medicine and Environments, Brunel University London, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK; (R.S.B.); (H.A.H.); (J.A.D.)
| | - Gary M. Box
- The Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, McElwain Laboratories, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton SM2 5NG, UK; (G.M.B.); (W.J.C.); (S.A.E.)
| | - Umar Wazir
- The London Breast Institute, Princess Grace Hospital, London W1U 5NY, UK; (U.W.); (K.M.)
| | - Haroon A. Hussain
- Centre for Genome Engineering and Maintenance, Institute for Health Medicine and Environments, Brunel University London, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK; (R.S.B.); (H.A.H.); (J.A.D.)
| | - Julie A. Davies
- Centre for Genome Engineering and Maintenance, Institute for Health Medicine and Environments, Brunel University London, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK; (R.S.B.); (H.A.H.); (J.A.D.)
| | - William J. Court
- The Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, McElwain Laboratories, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton SM2 5NG, UK; (G.M.B.); (W.J.C.); (S.A.E.)
| | - Suzanne A. Eccles
- The Cancer Research UK Cancer Therapeutics Unit, McElwain Laboratories, The Institute of Cancer Research, Sutton SM2 5NG, UK; (G.M.B.); (W.J.C.); (S.A.E.)
| | - Wen G. Jiang
- Cardiff China Medical Research Collaborative, Cardiff University School of Medicine, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XN, UK;
| | - Kefah Mokbel
- The London Breast Institute, Princess Grace Hospital, London W1U 5NY, UK; (U.W.); (K.M.)
| | - Amanda J. Harvey
- Centre for Genome Engineering and Maintenance, Institute for Health Medicine and Environments, Brunel University London, Uxbridge UB8 3PH, UK; (R.S.B.); (H.A.H.); (J.A.D.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +44-(0)1895-267264
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22
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Evangelisti C, Rusciano I, Mongiorgi S, Ramazzotti G, Lattanzi G, Manzoli L, Cocco L, Ratti S. The wide and growing range of lamin B-related diseases: from laminopathies to cancer. Cell Mol Life Sci 2022; 79:126. [PMID: 35132494 PMCID: PMC8821503 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04084-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Revised: 12/03/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
B-type lamins are fundamental components of the nuclear lamina, a complex structure that acts as a scaffold for organization and function of the nucleus. Lamin B1 and B2, the most represented isoforms, are encoded by LMNB1 and LMNB2 gene, respectively. All B-type lamins are synthesized as precursors and undergo sequential post-translational modifications to generate the mature protein. B-type lamins are involved in a wide range of nuclear functions, including DNA replication and repair, regulation of chromatin and nuclear stiffness. Moreover, lamins B1 and B2 regulate several cellular processes, such as tissue development, cell cycle, cellular proliferation, senescence, and DNA damage response. During embryogenesis, B-type lamins are essential for organogenesis, in particular for brain development. As expected from the numerous and pivotal functions of B-type lamins, mutations in their genes or fluctuations in their expression levels are critical for the onset of several diseases. Indeed, a growing range of human disorders have been linked to lamin B1 or B2, increasing the complexity of the group of diseases collectively known as laminopathies. This review highlights the recent findings on the biological role of B-type lamins under physiological or pathological conditions, with a particular emphasis on brain disorders and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Evangelisti
- Cellular Signalling Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Isabella Rusciano
- Cellular Signalling Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Sara Mongiorgi
- Cellular Signalling Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giulia Ramazzotti
- Cellular Signalling Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giovanna Lattanzi
- CNR Institute of Molecular Genetics "Luigi Luca Cavalli-Sforza", Unit of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
- IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy
| | - Lucia Manzoli
- Cellular Signalling Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Lucio Cocco
- Cellular Signalling Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.
| | - Stefano Ratti
- Cellular Signalling Laboratory, Department of Biomedical and NeuroMotor Sciences (DIBINEM), University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
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23
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Hua Y, He Z, Zhang X. A pan-cancer analysis based on weighted gene co-expression network analysis identifies the biomarker utility of lamin B1 in human tumors. Cancer Biomark 2022; 34:23-39. [PMID: 34511484 DOI: 10.3233/cbm-203247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Emerging evidence has revealed a relationship between lamin B1 (LMNB1) and several cancers such as cervical cancer, liver cancer, and prostate cancer. But no systematic pan-cancer analysis is available. Little is known about the clinical significance and biomarker utility of LMNB1. In this study, we first revealed the key role of LMNB1 in esophageal carcinoma (ESCA) through weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA) and disease-free survival (DFS) analysis. Based on this result and the datasets of the cancer genome atlas (TCGA), we explored the biomarker utility of LMNB1 across thirty-three tumors. We found that LMNB1 was highly expressed in most of the cancers and significant associations existed between LMNB1 expression and prognosis of cases of nearly half of the cancers. We also found that LMNB1 expression was associated with the infiltration level of Macrophages M1 and T cells CD4 memory activated in some cancers. Moreover, LMNB1 was mainly involved in the functional mechanisms of MRNA binding, olfactory transduction, and gene silencing. Our study first provides a pan-cancer study of LMNB1, thereby offering a relatively comprehensive understanding of the biomarker utility of LMNB1 across thirty-three tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youwei Hua
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhihui He
- Department of Pediatric Respiration, Chongqing Ninth People's Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Xu Zhang
- School of Mathematics and Statistics, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
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24
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Abstract
Irregularities in nuclear shape and/or alterations to nuclear size are a hallmark of malignancy in a broad range of cancer types. Though these abnormalities are commonly used for diagnostic purposes and are often used to assess cancer progression in the clinic, the mechanisms through which they occur are not well understood. Nuclear size alterations in cancer could potentially arise from aneuploidy, changes in osmotic coupling with the cytoplasm, and perturbations to nucleocytoplasmic transport. Nuclear shape changes may occur due to alterations to cell-generated mechanical stresses and/or alterations to nuclear structural components, which balance those stresses, such as the nuclear lamina and chromatin. A better understanding of the mechanisms underlying abnormal nuclear morphology and size may allow the development of new therapeutics to target nuclear aberrations in cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishita Singh
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA
| | - Tanmay P. Lele
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA,Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA,Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Texas A&M University, Houston, TX, USA
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25
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Graziano S, Coll-Bonfill N, Teodoro-Castro B, Kuppa S, Jackson J, Shashkova E, Mahajan U, Vindigni A, Antony E, Gonzalo S. Lamin A/C recruits ssDNA protective proteins RPA and RAD51 to stalled replication forks to maintain fork stability. J Biol Chem 2021; 297:101301. [PMID: 34648766 PMCID: PMC8571089 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2021.101301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2021] [Revised: 09/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Lamin A/C provides a nuclear scaffold for compartmentalization of genome function that is important for genome integrity. Lamin A/C dysfunction is associated with cancer, aging, and degenerative diseases. The mechanisms whereby lamin A/C regulates genome stability remain poorly understood. We demonstrate a crucial role for lamin A/C in DNA replication. Lamin A/C binds to nascent DNA, especially during replication stress (RS), ensuring the recruitment of replication fork protective factors RPA and RAD51. These ssDNA-binding proteins, considered the first and second responders to RS respectively, function in the stabilization, remodeling, and repair of the stalled fork to ensure proper restart and genome stability. Reduced recruitment of RPA and RAD51 upon lamin A/C depletion elicits replication fork instability (RFI) characterized by MRE11 nuclease–mediated degradation of nascent DNA, RS-induced DNA damage, and sensitivity to replication inhibitors. Importantly, unlike homologous recombination–deficient cells, RFI in lamin A/C-depleted cells is not linked to replication fork reversal. Thus, the point of entry of nucleases is not the reversed fork but regions of ssDNA generated during RS that are not protected by RPA and RAD51. Consistently, RFI in lamin A/C-depleted cells is rescued by exogenous overexpression of RPA or RAD51. These data unveil involvement of structural nuclear proteins in the protection of ssDNA from nucleases during RS by promoting recruitment of RPA and RAD51 to stalled forks. Supporting this model, we show physical interaction between RPA and lamin A/C. We suggest that RS is a major source of genomic instability in laminopathies and lamin A/C-deficient tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simona Graziano
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, St Louis University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Nuria Coll-Bonfill
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, St Louis University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Barbara Teodoro-Castro
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, St Louis University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Sahiti Kuppa
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, St Louis University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Jessica Jackson
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, St Louis University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Elena Shashkova
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, St Louis University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Urvashi Mahajan
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, St Louis University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Alessandro Vindigni
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, St Louis University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Edwin Antony
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, St Louis University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA
| | - Susana Gonzalo
- Edward A. Doisy Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, St Louis University School of Medicine, St Louis, Missouri, USA.
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26
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Urciuoli E, D'Oria V, Petrini S, Peruzzi B. Lamin A/C Mechanosensor Drives Tumor Cell Aggressiveness and Adhesion on Substrates With Tissue-Specific Elasticity. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:712377. [PMID: 34595168 PMCID: PMC8476891 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.712377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 08/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Besides its structural properties in the nucleoskeleton, Lamin A/C is a mechanosensor protein involved in perceiving the elasticity of the extracellular matrix. In this study we provide evidence about Lamin A/C-mediated regulation of osteosarcoma cell adhesion and spreading on substrates with tissue-specific elasticities. Our working hypothesis is based on the observation that low-aggressive and bone-resident SaOS-2 osteosarcoma cells express high level of Lamin A/C in comparison to highly metastatic, preferentially to the lung, osteosarcoma 143B cells, thereby suggesting a role for Lamin A/C in tumor cell tropism. Specifically, LMNA gene over-expression in 143B cells induced a reduction in tumor cell aggressiveness in comparison to parental cells, with decreased proliferation rate and reduced migration capability. Furthermore, LMNA reintegration into 143B cells changed the adhesion properties of tumor cells, from a preferential tropism toward the 1.5 kPa PDMS substrate (resembling normal lung parenchyma) to the 28 kPa (resembling pre-mineralized bone osteoid matrix). Our study suggests that Lamin A/C expression could be involved in the organ tropism of tumor cells, thereby providing a rationale for further studies focused on the definition of cancer mechanism of metastatization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Urciuoli
- Multifactorial Disease and Complex Phenotype Research Area, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Valentina D'Oria
- Confocal Microscopy Core Facility, Research Center, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Stefania Petrini
- Confocal Microscopy Core Facility, Research Center, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
| | - Barbara Peruzzi
- Multifactorial Disease and Complex Phenotype Research Area, IRCCS Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy
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27
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Flores LF, Tader BR, Tolosa EJ, Sigafoos AN, Marks DL, Fernandez-Zapico ME. Nuclear Dynamics and Chromatin Structure: Implications for Pancreatic Cancer. Cells 2021; 10:2624. [PMID: 34685604 DOI: 10.3390/cells10102624] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2021] [Revised: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Changes in nuclear shape have been extensively associated with the dynamics and functionality of cancer cells. In most normal cells, nuclei have a regular ellipsoid shape and minimal variation in nuclear size; however, an irregular nuclear contour and abnormal nuclear size is often observed in cancer, including pancreatic cancer. Furthermore, alterations in nuclear morphology have become the 'gold standard' for tumor staging and grading. Beyond the utility of altered nuclear morphology as a diagnostic tool in cancer, the implications of altered nuclear structure for the biology and behavior of cancer cells are profound as changes in nuclear morphology could impact cellular responses to physical strain, adaptation during migration, chromatin organization, and gene expression. Here, we aim to highlight and discuss the factors that regulate nuclear dynamics and their implications for pancreatic cancer biology.
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Setti Boubaker N, Gurtner A, Trabelsi N, Manni I, Ayed H, Saadi A, Zaghbib S, Naimi Z, Sahraoui G, Zouari S, Meddeb K, Mrad K, Chebil M, Piaggio G, Ouerhani S. The diagnostic applicability of A-type Lamin in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. Ann Diagn Pathol 2021; 54:151808. [PMID: 34438192 DOI: 10.1016/j.anndiagpath.2021.151808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2021] [Revised: 07/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/10/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Lamin A is a major component of the nuclear lamina maintaining nuclear integrity, regulation of gene expression, cell proliferation, and apoptosis. Its deregulation in cancer has been recently reported to be associated with its prognosis. However, its clinical significance in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) remains to be defined. MATERIAL/METHODS Immunohistochemical staining and RT-qPCR were performed to screen the expression patterns of Lamin A/C protein and Lamin A mRNA respectively in 58 high and low grade NMIBC specimens. RESULTS Lamin A/C protein was expressed only in the nucleus and less exhibited in NMIBC tissues compared to non-tumoral ones. On the other side, Lamin A mRNA was up-regulated in NMIBC compared to controls. Nevertheless, both expression patterns (protein and mRNA) were not correlated to clinical prognosis factors and were not able to predict the overall survival of patients with high-grade NMIBC. CONCLUSIONS The deregulation of A-type Lamin is not associated with the prognosis of NMIBC, but it could serve as a diagnostic biomarker distinguishing NMIBC patients from healthy subjects suggesting its involvement as an initiator event of tumorigenesis in our cohort.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nouha Setti Boubaker
- Laboratory of Proteins Engineering and Bioactive Molecules (LIP-MB), INSAT, University of Tunis Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia; UOSD SAFU, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.
| | - Aymone Gurtner
- UOSD SAFU, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy; Institute of Translational Pharmacology, National Research Council, Rome, Italy.
| | - Nesrine Trabelsi
- Laboratory of Proteins Engineering and Bioactive Molecules (LIP-MB), INSAT, University of Tunis Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Isabella Manni
- UOSD SAFU, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.
| | - Haroun Ayed
- Urology Department, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis-El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Ahmed Saadi
- Urology Department, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis-El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Selim Zaghbib
- Urology Department, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis-El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Zeineb Naimi
- Medical Oncology Department, Salah Azaiez Institute, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis-El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Ghada Sahraoui
- Pathology Department, Salah Azaiez Institute, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis-El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Skander Zouari
- Urology Department, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis-El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Khedija Meddeb
- Medical Oncology Department, Salah Azaiez Institute, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis-El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Karima Mrad
- Pathology Department, Salah Azaiez Institute, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis-El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Mohamed Chebil
- Urology Department, Charles Nicolle Hospital, Faculty of Medicine of Tunis, University of Tunis-El Manar, Tunis, Tunisia.
| | - Giulia Piaggio
- UOSD SAFU, Department of Research, Diagnosis and Innovative Technologies, IRCCS-Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.
| | - Slah Ouerhani
- Laboratory of Proteins Engineering and Bioactive Molecules (LIP-MB), INSAT, University of Tunis Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia.
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29
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Saleh T, Alhesa A, Al-Balas M, Abuelaish O, Mansour A, Awad H, El-Sadoni M, Carpenter V, Azab B. Expression of therapy-induced senescence markers in breast cancer samples upon incomplete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:BSR20210079. [PMID: 33948615 PMCID: PMC8725197 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20210079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 04/16/2021] [Accepted: 04/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Senescence is a cell stress response induced by replicative, oxidative, oncogenic, and genotoxic stresses. Tumor cells undergo senescence in response to several cancer therapeutics in vitro (Therapy-Induced Senescence, TIS), including agents utilized as neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in the treatment of invasive breast cancer. TIS has been proposed to contribute to adverse therapy outcomes including relapse. However, there is limited evidence on the induction of senescence in response to NAC in clinical cancer and its contribution to disease outcomes. In this work, the expression of three senescence-associated markers (p21CIP1, H3K9Me3 (histone H3 lysine 9 trimethylation), and Lamin B1) was investigated in breast cancer samples that developed partial or incomplete pathological response to NAC (n=37). Accordingly, 40.54% of all samples showed marker expression consistent with a senescence-like phenotype, while the remainders were either negative or inconclusive for senescence (2.70 and 56.8%, respectively). Moreover, analysis of core-needle biopsies revealed minimal changes in p21CIP1 and H3K9Me3, but significant changes in Lamin B1 expression levels following NAC, highlighting a more predictive role of Lamin B1 in senescence detection. However, our analysis did not establish an association between TIS and cancer relapse as only three patients (8.1%) with a senescence-like profile developed short-term recurrent disease. Our analysis indicates that identification of TIS in tumor samples requires large-scale transcriptomic and protein marker analyses and extended clinical follow-up. Better understanding of in vivo senescence should elucidate its contribution to therapy outcomes and pave the way for the utilization of senolytic approaches as potential adjuvant cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tareq Saleh
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
| | - Ahmad Alhesa
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Mahmoud Al-Balas
- Department of General and Special Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, The Hashemite University, Zarqa 13133, Jordan
| | - Omar Abuelaish
- Department of General Surgery, Royal Medical Services, Amman, Jordan
| | - Ahmad Mansour
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45219, U.S.A
| | - Heyam Awad
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Mohammed El-Sadoni
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
| | - Valerie J. Carpenter
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, School of Medicine, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23298, U.S.A
| | - Bilal Azab
- Department of Pathology, Microbiology, and Forensic Medicine, School of Medicine, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan
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30
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Roncato F, Regev O, Feigelson SW, Yadav SK, Kaczmarczyk L, Levi N, Drago-Garcia D, Ovadia S, Kizner M, Addadi Y, Sabino JC, Ovadya Y, de Almeida SF, Feldmesser E, Gerlitz G, Alon R. Reduced Lamin A/C Does Not Facilitate Cancer Cell Transendothelial Migration but Compromises Lung Metastasis. Cancers (Basel) 2021; 13:2383. [PMID: 34069191 DOI: 10.3390/cancers13102383] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The mechanisms by which the nuclear lamina of tumor cells influences tumor growth and migration are highly disputed. Lamin A and its variant lamin C are key lamina proteins that control nucleus stiffness and chromatin conformation. Downregulation of lamin A/C in two prototypic metastatic lines, B16F10 melanoma and E0771 breast carcinoma, facilitated cell squeezing through rigid pores, and reduced heterochromatin content. Surprisingly, both lamin A/C knockdown cells grew poorly in 3D spheroids within soft agar, and lamin A/C deficient cells derived from spheroids transcribed lower levels of the growth regulator Yap1. Unexpectedly, the transendothelial migration of both cancer cells in vitro and in vivo, through lung capillaries, was not elevated by lamin A/C knockdown and their metastasis in lungs was even dramatically reduced. Our results are the first indication that reduced lamin A/C content in distinct types of highly metastatic cancer cells does not elevate their transendothelial migration (TEM) capacity and diapedesis through lung vessels but can compromise lung metastasis at a post extravasation level.
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31
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Dong CH, Jiang T, Yin H, Song H, Zhang Y, Geng H, Shi PC, Xu YX, Gao H, Liu LY, Zhou L, Zhang ZH, Song J. LMNB2 promotes the progression of colorectal cancer by silencing p21 expression. Cell Death Dis 2021; 12:331. [PMID: 33782407 PMCID: PMC8007612 DOI: 10.1038/s41419-021-03602-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2020] [Revised: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Colorectal cancer is the second common cause of death worldwide. Lamin B2 (LMNB2) is involved in chromatin remodeling and the rupture and reorganization of nuclear membrane during mitosis, which is necessary for eukaryotic cell proliferation. However, the role of LMNB2 in colorectal cancer (CRC) is poorly understood. This study explored the biological functions of LMNB2 in the progression of colorectal cancer and explored the possible molecular mechanisms. We found that LMNB2 was significantly upregulated in primary colorectal cancer tissues and cell lines, compared with paired non-cancerous tissues and normal colorectal epithelium. The high expression of LMNB2 in colorectal cancer tissues is significantly related to the clinicopathological characteristics of the patients and the shorter overall and disease-free cumulative survival. Functional analysis, including CCK8 cell proliferation test, EdU proliferation test, colony formation analysis, nude mouse xenograft, cell cycle, and apoptosis analysis showed that LMNB2 significantly promotes cell proliferation by promoting cell cycle progression in vivo and in vitro. In addition, gene set enrichment analysis, luciferase report analysis, and CHIP analysis showed that LMNB2 promotes cell proliferation by regulating the p21 promoter, whereas LMNB2 has no effect on cell apoptosis. In summary, these findings not only indicate that LMNB2 promotes the proliferation of colorectal cancer by regulating p21-mediated cell cycle progression, but also suggest the potential value of LMNB2 as a clinical prognostic marker and molecular therapy target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Hua Dong
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, 221002, Xuzhou, China
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tao Jiang
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, 221002, Xuzhou, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hang Yin
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, 221002, Xuzhou, China
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hu Song
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, 221002, Xuzhou, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, 221002, Xuzhou, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hao Geng
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, 221002, Xuzhou, China
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Pei-Cong Shi
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, 221002, Xuzhou, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi-Xin Xu
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, 221002, Xuzhou, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hong Gao
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, 221002, Xuzhou, China
- Institute of Digestive Diseases, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lian-Yu Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, 221002, Xuzhou, China
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Lei Zhou
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, 221002, Xuzhou, China
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhao-Hui Zhang
- General Surgery, 97th Hospital of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Xuzhou, 221004, China.
| | - Jun Song
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Jiangsu, 221002, Xuzhou, China.
- The Graduate School, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, Jiangsu, China.
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32
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Patil S, Sengupta K. Role of A- and B-type lamins in nuclear structure-function relationships. Biol Cell 2021; 113:295-310. [PMID: 33638183 DOI: 10.1111/boc.202000160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2020] [Revised: 02/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Nuclear lamins are type V intermediate filament proteins that form a filamentous meshwork beneath the inner nuclear membrane. Additionally, a sub-population of A- and B-type lamins localizes in the nuclear interior. The nuclear lamina protects the nucleus from mechanical stress and mediates nucleo-cytoskeletal coupling. Lamins form a scaffold that partially tethers chromatin at the nuclear envelope. The nuclear lamina also stabilises protein-protein interactions involved in gene regulation and DNA repair. The lamin-based protein sub-complexes are implicated in both nuclear and cytoskeletal organisation, the mechanical stability of the nucleus, genome organisation, transcriptional regulation, genome stability and cellular differentiation. Here, we review recent research on nuclear lamins and unique roles of A- and B-type lamins in modulating various nuclear processes and their impact on cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shalaka Patil
- Biology, Chromosome Biology Lab (CBL), Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
| | - Kundan Sengupta
- Biology, Chromosome Biology Lab (CBL), Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune, 411008, India
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Abstract
Aims: To determine the role of lamin B1 (LMNB1) in the progression and metastasis of primary prostate cancer (PC). Patients & methods: Two PC cohorts were used to investigate the clinical relationship between LMNB1 expression and tumor progression and metastasis. Results: The qRT-PCR results revealed that LMNB1 expression was markedly increased in patients with aggressive features and was associated with worse prognosis. Logistic regression analyses indicated that LMNB1 expression is an independent risk factor for distant metastasis. Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that increased LMNB1 levels were related to poor disease-free survival in the primary PC cohort. Conclusion: This study reveals that upregulation of LMNB1 is associated with cancer metastasis and poor survival outcomes in primary PC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Luo
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin 300121, China
| | - Jiaxi Han
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin 300121, China
| | - Yatong Chen
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin 300121, China
| | - Kuo Yang
- Department of Urology, The Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin Institute of Urology, Tianjin 300211, China
| | - Zhihua Zhang
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin 300121, China
| | - Jian Li
- Department of Urology, Tianjin Union Medical Center, Tianjin 300121, China
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Zhao CC, Chen J, Zhang LY, Liu H, Zhang CG, Liu Y. Lamin B2 promotes the progression of triple negative breast cancer via mediating cell proliferation and apoptosis. Biosci Rep 2021; 41:BSR20203874. [PMID: 33416073 PMCID: PMC7846963 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20203874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Revised: 12/29/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a more common type of breast cancer with high distant metastasis and poor prognosis. The potential role of lamins in cancer progression has been widely revealed. However, the function of lamin B2 (LMNB2) in TNBC progression is still unclear. The present study aimed to investigate the role of LMNB2 in TNBC. The cancer genome atlas (TCGA) database analysis and immunohistochemistry (IHC) were performed to examine LMNB2 expression levels. LMNB2 short hairpin RNA plasmid or lentivirus was used to deplete the expression of LMNB2 in human TNBC cell lines including MDA-MB-468 and MDA-MB-231. Alterations in cell proliferation and apoptosis in vitro and the nude mouse tumorigenicity assay in vivo were subsequently analyzed. The human TNBC tissues shown high expression of LMNB2 according to the bioinformation analysis and IHC assays. LMNB2 expression was correlated with the clinical pathological features of TNBC patients, including pTNM stage and lymph node metastasis. Through in vitro and in vivo assays, we confirmed LMNB2 depletion suppressed the proliferation and induced the apoptosis of TNBC cells, and inhibited tumor growth of TNBC cells in mice, with the decrease in Ki67 expression or the increase in caspase-3 expression. In conclusion, LMNB2 may promote TNBC progression and could serve as a potential therapeutic target for TNBC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cui-Cui Zhao
- Department of VIP Ward, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, P.R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Jing Chen
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, P.R. China
- Department of Pancreatic Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Li-Ying Zhang
- Department of internal medicine, Mudanjiang Cancer Hospital, Mudanjiang, P.R. China
| | - Hong Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, P.R. China
- Second Department of Breast Surgery, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Chuan-Gui Zhang
- Department of VIP Ward, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, P.R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, P.R. China
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of VIP Ward, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin, P.R. China
- National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory of Breast Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Ministry of Education, Tianjin, P.R. China
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Abstract
Simple Summary The aim of this review is to summarize lamin A/C’s currently known functions in both normal and diseased cells. Lamin A/C is a nuclear protein with many functions in cells, such as maintaining a cell’s structural stability, cell motility, mechanosensing, chromosome organization, gene regulation, cell differentiation, DNA damage repair, and telomere protection. Mutations of the lamin A/C gene, incorrect processing of the protein, and lamin A/C deregulation can lead to various diseases and cancer. This review touches on diseases caused by mutation and incorrect processing of lamin A/C, called laminopathies. The effect of lamin A/C deregulation in cancer is also reviewed, and lamin A/C’s potential in helping to diagnose prostate cancers more accurately is discussed. Abstract This review is focused on lamin A/C, a nuclear protein with multiple functions in normal and diseased cells. Its functions, as known to date, are summarized. This summary includes its role in maintaining a cell’s structural stability, cell motility, mechanosensing, chromosome organization, gene regulation, cell differentiation, DNA damage repair, and telomere protection. As lamin A/C has a variety of critical roles within the cell, mutations of the lamin A/C gene and incorrect processing of the protein results in a wide variety of diseases, ranging from striated muscle disorders to accelerated aging diseases. These diseases, collectively termed laminopathies, are also touched upon. Finally, we review the existing evidence of lamin A/C’s deregulation in cancer. Lamin A/C deregulation leads to various traits, including genomic instability and increased tolerance to mechanical insult, which can lead to more aggressive cancer and poorer prognosis. As lamin A/C’s expression in specific cancers varies widely, currently known lamin A/C expression in various cancers is reviewed. Additionally, Lamin A/C’s potential as a biomarker in various cancers and as an aid in more accurately diagnosing intermediate Gleason score prostate cancers is also discussed.
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Kong W, Wu Z, Yang M, Zuo X, Yin G, Chen W. LMNB2 is a prognostic biomarker and correlated with immune infiltrates in hepatocellular carcinoma. IUBMB Life 2020; 72:2672-2685. [PMID: 33211382 DOI: 10.1002/iub.2408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous studies have suggested Lamin B2 (LMNB2) as an oncogene in lung cancer. However, the role of LMNB2 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unclear. METHOD The expression of LMNB2 was compared between HCC samples and non-tumor samples in multiple datasets. In addition, the prognostic value of LMNB2 in HCC was also investigated. Furthermore, the cBioPortal was utilized to analyze the genomic alternation of LMNB2 in HCC. Besides, co-expression genes and functional enrichment analysis were evaluated using LinkedOmics to determine the function of LMNB2. Finally, the correlation between LMNB2 and immune infiltration was assessed using Tumor Immune Estimation Resource (TIMER). RESULTS Elevated LMNB2 expression level was identified in HCC patients in multiple datasets. Moreover, increased levels of LMNB2 were associated with poor overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). The functional enrichment analysis revealed that LMNB2 plays an essential role via the cell cycle pathway, spliceosome, hippo-signaling pathway, and metabolic pathways. Besides, copy number variation (CNV) and methylation were significantly associated with LMNB2 expression. Additionally, increased levels of LMNB2 were significantly associated with B cells, CD8+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, macrophages, neutrophils, and dendritic cells. CONCLUSION LMNB2 is a potential HCC prognostic and diagnostic biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihao Kong
- Department of Emergency Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
- Department of Emergency Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zihao Wu
- Clinical Pathology Center, The Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Mingwei Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, The First affiliated hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaomin Zuo
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Guanfu Yin
- Department of Medical Record Management, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wei Chen
- Department of General Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
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Abstract
Nuclear lamins (NLs) are essential components of the animal cell nucleus involved in the regulation of a plethora of molecular and cellular processes. These include the nuclear envelope assembly and stability, mechanotransduction and chromatin organization, transcription, DNA replication, damage repair, and genomic integrity maintenance. Mutations in NLs can lead to the development of a wide range of distinct disease phenotypes, laminopathies, consisting of cardiac, neuromuscular, metabolic and premature aging syndromes. In addition, alterations in the expression of nuclear lamins were associated with different types of neoplastic diseases. Despite the importance and critical roles that NLs play in the diverse cellular activities, we only recently started to uncover the complexity of regulatory mechanisms governing their expression, localization and functions. This integrative review summarizes and discusses the recent findings on the emerging roles of ubiquitin and ubiquitin-like modifiers (ULMs) in the regulation of NLs, highlighting the intriguing molecular associations and cross-talks occurring between NLs and these regulatory molecules under physiological conditions and in the disease states.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Blank
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Cancer Biology, Azrieli Faculty of Medicine, Bar-Ilan University, Safed 1311502, Israel
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Li W, Li X, Li X, Li M, Yang P, Wang X, Li L, Yang B. Lamin B1 Overexpresses in Lung Adenocarcinoma and Promotes Proliferation in Lung Cancer Cells via AKT Pathway. Onco Targets Ther 2020; 13:3129-3139. [PMID: 32346296 PMCID: PMC7167283 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s229997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to investigate the biological effect and molecular mechanism of Lamin B1(LMNB1) in lung cancer cells and its significance for the prognosis of lung adenocarcinoma(LUAD) patients. METHODS In this study, Bioinformatics was performed to analyze the expression at mRNA level and prognosis effect of LMNB1 in LUAD from TCGA dataset. The immunohistochemistry(IHC) assay was conducted to analyzed the expression of LMNB1 at the protein level in LUAD tissues. The correlation between the expression of LMNB1 and the clinical factors in patients with LUAD was analyzed. Next, LMNB1 transfected into LUAD cell lines (A549 and PC-9) which was proved by Western blot. CCK8 assay, cloning formation assay, and xenograft assay were conducted to explore the effect and mechanism of LMNB1 on the proliferation of LUAD cell lines in vitro and in vivo. RESULTS The results of the present study demonstrated that LMNB1 was highly expressed in LUAD tissues and related to tumor stage. High LMNB1 expression was related with more advanced clinicopathological factors such as low degree of differentiation (P=0.02), large tumor size (P<0.01), lymph node metastasis (P<0.01) and higher tumor stage (P<0.01). After knocking down LMNB1, the cell growth rate (P<0.01) and the number of colonies (P<0.01) were significantly reduced, and the level of the proliferating marker Ki67 (P<0.01) was significantly decreased. At the same time, in vivo experiments showed that the tumor volume and tumor of the mice were significantly reduced (P<0.01). Moreover, we found that knockdown LMNB1 can inhibit the proliferation of lung cancer cells by inhibiting AKT phosphorylation by Western blot. CONCLUSION In summary, LMNB1 play an of vital roles in the growth of LUAD cells, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target for the treatment of LUAD patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin300192, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqing Li
- Phase I Clinical Trial Department, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center for Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin’s Clinical Research Centre for Cancer, Tianjin300052, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoping Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin300192, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mingjiang Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin300192, People’s Republic of China
| | - Pan Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin300192, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xuhui Wang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin300192, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lei Li
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin300192, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Yang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin300192, People’s Republic of China
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Evangelisti C, Paganelli F, Giuntini G, Mattioli E, Cappellini A, Ramazzotti G, Faenza I, Maltarello MC, Martelli AM, Scotlandi K, Chiarini F, Lattanzi G. Lamin A and Prelamin A Counteract Migration of Osteosarcoma Cells. Cells 2020; 9:E774. [PMID: 32235738 DOI: 10.3390/cells9030774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
A type lamins are fundamental components of the nuclear lamina. Changes in lamin A expression correlate with malignant transformation in several cancers. However, the role of lamin A has not been explored in osteosarcoma (OS). Here, we wanted to investigate the role of lamin A in normal osteoblasts (OBs) and OS cells. Thus, we studied the expression of lamin A/C in OS cells compared to OBs and evaluated the effects of lamin A overexpression in OS cell lines. We show that, while lamin A expression increases during osteoblast differentiation, all examined OS cell lines express lower lamin A levels relative to differentiated OBs. The condition of low LMNA expression confers to OS cells a significant increase in migration potential, while overexpression of lamin A reduces migration ability of OS cells. Moreover, overexpression of unprocessable prelamin A also reduces cell migration. In agreement with the latter finding, OS cells which accumulate the highest prelamin A levels upon inhibition of lamin A maturation by statins, had significantly reduced migration ability. Importantly, OS cells subjected to statin treatment underwent apoptotic cell death in a RAS-independent, lamin A-dependent manner. Our results show that pro-apoptotic effects of statins and statin inhibitory effect on OS cell migration are comparable to those obtained by prelamin A accumulation and further suggest that modulation of lamin A expression and post-translational processing can be a tool to decrease migration potential in OS cells.
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Urciuoli E, Petrini S, D’Oria V, Leopizzi M, Della Rocca C, Peruzzi B. Nuclear Lamins and Emerin Are Differentially Expressed in Osteosarcoma Cells and Scale with Tumor Aggressiveness. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12020443. [PMID: 32069980 PMCID: PMC7073215 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12020443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The nuclear lamina is essential for the maintenance of nuclear shape and mechanics. Mutations in lamin genes have been identified in a heterogeneous spectrum of human diseases known as “laminopathies” associated with nuclear envelope defects and deregulation of cellular functions. Interestingly, osteosarcoma is the only neoplasm described in the literature in association with laminopathies. This study aims characterized the expression of A-type and B-type lamins and emerin in osteosarcoma, revealing a higher percentage of dysmorphic nuclei in osteosarcoma cells in comparison to normal osteoblasts and all the hallmarks of laminopathic features. Both lamins and emerin were differentially expressed in osteosarcoma cell lines in comparison to normal osteoblasts and correlated with tumor aggressiveness. We analysed lamin A/C expression in a tissue-microarray including osteosarcoma samples with different prognosis, finding a positive correlation between lamin A/C expression and the overall survival of osteosarcoma patients. An inefficient MKL1 nuclear shuttling and actin depolymerization, as well as a reduced expression of pRb and a decreased YAP nuclear content were observed in A-type lamin deficient 143B cells. In conclusion, we described for the first time laminopathic nuclear phenotypes in osteosarcoma cells, providing evidence for an altered lamins and emerin expression and a deregulated nucleoskeleton architecture of this tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Enrica Urciuoli
- Multifactorial Disease and Complex Phenotype Area, Research Center, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, 00165 Rome, Italy;
| | - Stefania Petrini
- Confocal Microscopy Core Facility, Research Center, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, 00165 Rome, Italy; (S.P.); (V.D.)
| | - Valentina D’Oria
- Confocal Microscopy Core Facility, Research Center, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, 00165 Rome, Italy; (S.P.); (V.D.)
| | - Martina Leopizzi
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnology, Polo Pontino, Sapienza University, 04100 Latina, Italy; (M.L.); (C.D.R.)
| | - Carlo Della Rocca
- Department of Medico-Surgical Sciences and Biotechnology, Polo Pontino, Sapienza University, 04100 Latina, Italy; (M.L.); (C.D.R.)
| | - Barbara Peruzzi
- Multifactorial Disease and Complex Phenotype Area, Research Center, Bambino Gesù Children’s Hospital, 00165 Rome, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-06-6859-2938
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Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the role of miR-122 in hepatocarcinoma progression and explored the mechanism. In hepatocarcinoma tissues and cells, we used qRT-PCR to validate the miR-122 expression level. Next, we used colony formation by crystal violet staining assay to compare cell proliferation ability, and we used scratch test or Transwell assay to compare cell migration or invasion ability. We then conducted bioinformatics or luciferase reporter gene assay to prove the regulation effect of miR-122 on lamin B2 (LMNB2), and the biological function of LMNB2 was analyzed. We used nude mouse tumorigenicity assay to test the inhibition effect of miR-122 ASO therapy against hepatocarcinoma. miR-122 was reduced in hepatocarcinoma tissues compared to the paracarcinoma tissues, which was relatively low or high in hepatocarcinoma cell line SMMC7721 or Hep3B, and overexpressed miR-122 inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion in hepatocarcinoma cells. Additionally, some reports showed that LMNB2 was regulated by miR-122, which inhibited the expression of LMNB2. Moreover, LMNB2 functioned to promote cell proliferation, migration, and invasion. We could achieve the inhibition of hepatocarcinoma using miR-122 therapy through decreasing LMNB2 expression in vivo. Our data indicated that miR-122 could inhibit hepatocellular carcinoma cell progression by targeting LMNB2 and as a therapeutic target for hepatocarcinoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Na Li
- *The Department of General Surgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
| | - Hong Yang
- †The Department of Medical Oncology, The First Hospital of Shijiazhuang, Shijiazhuang, Hebei Province, P.R. China
| | - Tao Yang
- ‡The Department of Hepatological Surgery, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Province, P.R. China
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Alshabi AM, Shaikh IA, Vastrad C. Exploring the Molecular Mechanism of the Drug-Treated Breast Cancer Based on Gene Expression Microarray. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9070282. [PMID: 31311202 PMCID: PMC6681318 DOI: 10.3390/biom9070282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2019] [Revised: 06/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
: Breast cancer (BRCA) remains the leading cause of cancer morbidity and mortality worldwide. In the present study, we identified novel biomarkers expressed during estradiol and tamoxifen treatment of BRCA. The microarray dataset of E-MTAB-4975 from Array Express database was downloaded, and the differential expressed genes (DEGs) between estradiol-treated BRCA sample and tamoxifen-treated BRCA sample were identified by limma package. The pathway and gene ontology (GO) enrichment analysis, construction of protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, module analysis, construction of target genes-miRNA interaction network and target genes-transcription factor (TF) interaction network were performed using bioinformatics tools. The expression, prognostic values, and mutation of hub genes were validated by SurvExpress database, cBioPortal, and human protein atlas (HPA) database. A total of 856 genes (421 up-regulated genes and 435 down-regulated genes) were identified in T47D (overexpressing Split Ends (SPEN) + estradiol) samples compared to T47D (overexpressing Split Ends (SPEN) + tamoxifen) samples. Pathway and GO enrichment analysis revealed that the DEGs were mainly enriched in response to lysine degradation II (pipecolate pathway), cholesterol biosynthesis pathway, cell cycle pathway, and response to cytokine pathway. DEGs (MCM2, TCF4, OLR1, HSPA5, MAP1LC3B, SQSTM1, NEU1, HIST1H1B, RAD51, RFC3, MCM10, ISG15, TNFRSF10B, GBP2, IGFBP5, SOD2, DHF and MT1H) , which were significantly up- and down-regulated in estradiol and tamoxifen-treated BRCA samples, were selected as hub genes according to the results of protein-protein interaction (PPI) network, module analysis, target genes-miRNA interaction network and target genes-TF interaction network analysis. The SurvExpress database, cBioPortal, and Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database further confirmed that patients with higher expression levels of these hub genes experienced a shorter overall survival. A comprehensive bioinformatics analysis was performed, and potential therapeutic applications of estradiol and tamoxifen were predicted in BRCA samples. The data may unravel the future molecular mechanisms of BRCA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Mohamed Alshabi
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, 66237, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ibrahim Ahmed Shaikh
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Najran University, Najran, 66237, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chanabasayya Vastrad
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, ChanabasavaNilaya, Bharthinagar, Dharwad 580001, Karnataka, India.
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Liu L, Lin J, He H. Identification of Potential Crucial Genes Associated With the Pathogenesis and Prognosis of Endometrial Cancer. Front Genet 2019; 10:373. [PMID: 31105744 PMCID: PMC6499025 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2019] [Accepted: 04/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background and Objective Endometrial cancer (EC) is a common gynecological malignancy worldwide. Despite advances in the development of strategies for treating EC, prognosis of the disease remains unsatisfactory, especially for advanced EC. The aim of this study was to identify novel genes that can be used as potential biomarkers for identifying the prognosis of EC and to construct a novel risk stratification using these genes. Methods and Results An mRNA sequencing dataset, corresponding survival data and expression profiling of an array of EC patients were obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas and Gene Expression Omnibus, respectively. Common differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified based on sequencing and expression as given in the profiling dataset. Pathway enrichment analysis of the DEGs was performed using the Database for Annotation, Visualization, and Integrated Discovery. The protein-protein interaction network was established using the string online database in order to identify hub genes. Univariate and multivariable Cox regression analyses were used to screen prognostic DEGs and to construct a prognostic signature. Survival analysis based on the prognostic signature was performed on TCGA EC dataset. A total of 255 common DEGs were found and 11 hub genes (TOP2A, CDK1, CCNB1, CCNB2, AURKA, PCNA, CCNA2, BIRC5, NDC80, CDC20, and BUB1BA) that may be closely related to the pathogenesis of EC were identified. A panel of 7 DEG signatures consisting of PHLDA2, GGH, ESPL1, FAM184A, KIAA1644, ESPL1, and TRPM4 were constructed. The signature performed well for prognosis prediction (p < 0.001) and time-dependent receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) analysis displayed an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.797, 0.734, 0.729, and 0.647 for 1, 3, 5, and 10-year overall survival (OS) prediction, respectively. Conclusion This study identified potential genes that may be involved in the pathophysiology of EC and constructed a novel gene expression signature for EC risk stratification and prognosis prediction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Liuzhou Worker's Hospital, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, China
| | - Jiajing Lin
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Liuzhou Worker's Hospital, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, China
| | - Hongying He
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Liuzhou Worker's Hospital, Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Liuzhou, China
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Bikkul MU, Faragher RGA, Worthington G, Meinke P, Kerr ARW, Sammy A, Riyahi K, Horton D, Schirmer EC, Hubank M, Kill IR, Anderson RM, Slijepcevic P, Makarov E, Bridger JM. Telomere elongation through hTERT immortalization leads to chromosome repositioning in control cells and genomic instability in Hutchinson-Gilford progeria syndrome fibroblasts, expressing a novel SUN1 isoform. Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2019; 58:341-356. [PMID: 30474255 PMCID: PMC6590296 DOI: 10.1002/gcc.22711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Immortalizing primary cells with human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) has been common practice to enable primary cells to be of extended use in the laboratory because they avoid replicative senescence. Studying exogenously expressed hTERT in cells also affords scientists models of early carcinogenesis and telomere behavior. Control and the premature ageing disease—Hutchinson‐Gilford progeria syndrome (HGPS) primary dermal fibroblasts, with and without the classical G608G mutation have been immortalized with exogenous hTERT. However, hTERT immortalization surprisingly elicits genome reorganization not only in disease cells but also in the normal control cells, such that whole chromosome territories normally located at the nuclear periphery in proliferating fibroblasts become mislocalized in the nuclear interior. This includes chromosome 18 in the control fibroblasts and both chromosomes 18 and X in HGPS cells, which physically express an isoform of the LINC complex protein SUN1 that has previously only been theoretical. Additionally, this HGPS cell line has also become genomically unstable and has a tetraploid karyotype, which could be due to the novel SUN1 isoform. Long‐term treatment with the hTERT inhibitor BIBR1532 enabled the reduction of telomere length in the immortalized cells and resulted that these mislocalized internal chromosomes to be located at the nuclear periphery, as assessed in actively proliferating cells. Taken together, these findings reveal that elongated telomeres lead to dramatic chromosome mislocalization, which can be restored with a drug treatment that results in telomere reshortening and that a novel SUN1 isoform combined with elongated telomeres leads to genomic instability. Thus, care should be taken when interpreting data from genomic studies in hTERT‐immortalized cell lines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet U. Bikkul
- Genome Engineering and Maintenance NetworkInstitute for Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University LondonUxbridgeEngland
| | | | - Gemma Worthington
- Genome Engineering and Maintenance NetworkInstitute for Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University LondonUxbridgeEngland
| | - Peter Meinke
- Friedrich‐Baur‐InstitutKlinikum der Universität MünchenMünchenGermany
- The Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell BiologyInstitute of Cell Biology, and Centre for Translational and Chemical Biology, University of EdinburghEdinburghEngland
| | - Alastair R. W. Kerr
- The Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell BiologyInstitute of Cell Biology, and Centre for Translational and Chemical Biology, University of EdinburghEdinburghEngland
| | - Aakila Sammy
- Genome Engineering and Maintenance NetworkInstitute for Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University LondonUxbridgeEngland
| | - Kumars Riyahi
- Genome Engineering and Maintenance NetworkInstitute for Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University LondonUxbridgeEngland
| | - Daniel Horton
- Genome Engineering and Maintenance NetworkInstitute for Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University LondonUxbridgeEngland
| | - Eric C. Schirmer
- The Wellcome Trust Centre for Cell BiologyInstitute of Cell Biology, and Centre for Translational and Chemical Biology, University of EdinburghEdinburghEngland
| | - Michael Hubank
- Centre for Molecular PathologyThe Royal Marsden HospitalLondonEngland
| | - Ian R. Kill
- Genome Engineering and Maintenance NetworkInstitute for Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University LondonUxbridgeEngland
| | - Rhona M. Anderson
- Genome Engineering and Maintenance NetworkInstitute for Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University LondonUxbridgeEngland
| | - Predrag Slijepcevic
- Genome Engineering and Maintenance NetworkInstitute for Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University LondonUxbridgeEngland
| | - Evgeny Makarov
- Genome Engineering and Maintenance NetworkInstitute for Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University LondonUxbridgeEngland
| | - Joanna M. Bridger
- Genome Engineering and Maintenance NetworkInstitute for Environment, Health and Societies, Brunel University LondonUxbridgeEngland
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Alhudiri IM, Nolan CC, Ellis IO, Elzagheid A, Rakha EA, Green AR, Chapman CJ. Expression of Lamin A/C in early-stage breast cancer and its prognostic value. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2019; 174:661-668. [DOI: 10.1007/s10549-018-05092-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2018] [Accepted: 12/07/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Vetchinova AS, Simonova VV, Novosadova EV, Manuilova ES, Nenasheva VV, Tarantul VZ, Grivennikov IA, Khaspekov LG, Illarioshkin SN. Cytogenetic Analysis of the Results of Genome Editing on the Cell Model of Parkinson’s Disease. Bull Exp Biol Med 2018; 165:378-81. [DOI: 10.1007/s10517-018-4174-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Elacqua JJ, McGregor AL, Lammerding J. Automated analysis of cell migration and nuclear envelope rupture in confined environments. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0195664. [PMID: 29649271 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0195664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 03/27/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent in vitro and in vivo studies have highlighted the importance of the cell nucleus in governing migration through confined environments. Microfluidic devices that mimic the narrow interstitial spaces of tissues have emerged as important tools to study cellular dynamics during confined migration, including the consequences of nuclear deformation and nuclear envelope rupture. However, while image acquisition can be automated on motorized microscopes, the analysis of the corresponding time-lapse sequences for nuclear transit through the pores and events such as nuclear envelope rupture currently requires manual analysis. In addition to being highly time-consuming, such manual analysis is susceptible to person-to-person variability. Studies that compare large numbers of cell types and conditions therefore require automated image analysis to achieve sufficiently high throughput. Here, we present an automated image analysis program to register microfluidic constrictions and perform image segmentation to detect individual cell nuclei. The MATLAB program tracks nuclear migration over time and records constriction-transit events, transit times, transit success rates, and nuclear envelope rupture. Such automation reduces the time required to analyze migration experiments from weeks to hours, and removes the variability that arises from different human analysts. Comparison with manual analysis confirmed that both constriction transit and nuclear envelope rupture were detected correctly and reliably, and the automated analysis results closely matched a manual analysis gold standard. Applying the program to specific biological examples, we demonstrate its ability to detect differences in nuclear transit time between cells with different levels of the nuclear envelope proteins lamin A/C, which govern nuclear deformability, and to detect an increase in nuclear envelope rupture duration in cells in which CHMP7, a protein involved in nuclear envelope repair, had been depleted. The program thus presents a versatile tool for the study of confined migration and its effect on the cell nucleus.
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Malvezzi H, Viana BG, Dobo C, Filippi RZ, Podgaec S, Piccinato CA. Depleted lamin B1: a possible marker of the involvement of senescence in endometriosis? Arch Gynecol Obstet 2018; 297:977-984. [PMID: 29417283 DOI: 10.1007/s00404-018-4691-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2017] [Accepted: 01/25/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PROPOSE Endometriosis is a benign disease characterized by implantation and the growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity and it shares similarities with cancer. Lamin B1, p16 and p21 play a role on cell cycle regulation, development, cell repair and its activities are related to cancers. Considering the similarities between endometriosis and cancer, the aim of the present cross-sectional study is to detect p16, p21 and Lamin B1 in the ectopic endometrium of patients with endometriosis (n = 8) with eutopic (n = 8) and control endometrium (n = 8) and relate them to the maintenance and development of endometriosis. METHODS Biopsies were obtained from both eutopic and ectopic, from deep infiltrating lesions, endometrium frozen and used for immunofluorescent (p16) or immunohistochemistry procedures (p16, p21, lamin B1). RESULTS Detected higher lamin B1 in the eutopic endometrium when compared with ectopic endometrium, with no differences between endometriosis tissue with control endometrium. Similar presence of p16 in all groups of patients and no p21 detection was observed. CONCLUSION We observed reduced detection of lamin B1 in the ectopic endometrium raising the possibility that the presence of senescent cells might be contributing to the maintenance and progression of endometriosis by apoptosis resistance and peritoneal stress inherent of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helena Malvezzi
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Av. Albert Einstein 627, Morumbi, SP, 05652-900, Brazil
| | - Bruno Gallani Viana
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Av. Albert Einstein 627, Morumbi, SP, 05652-900, Brazil
| | - Cristine Dobo
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Av. Albert Einstein 627, Morumbi, SP, 05652-900, Brazil
| | - Renee Zon Filippi
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Av. Albert Einstein 627, Morumbi, SP, 05652-900, Brazil
| | - Sérgio Podgaec
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Av. Albert Einstein 627, Morumbi, SP, 05652-900, Brazil
| | - Carla Azevedo Piccinato
- Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Av. Albert Einstein 627, Morumbi, SP, 05652-900, Brazil.
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Tan S, Tan J, Tan S, Zhao S, Cao X, Chen Z, Weng Q, Zhang H, Wang K, Zhou J, Xiao X. Decreased Dp71 expression is associated with gastric adenocarcinoma prognosis. Oncotarget 2018; 7:53702-53711. [PMID: 27449096 PMCID: PMC5288215 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.10724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
For the first time, dramatically decreased Dp71 protein and mRNA was found in 34 pairs of resected primary gastric adenocarcinoma. Immunohistochemistry identified Dp71 expression suppressed in 72.2% of 104 gastric cancer patients. The decreased Dp71 expression was significantly correlated with cancer differentiation (P=0.001) and lymph vascular invasion (p=0.041). Decreased Dp71 expression was associated with a poor gastric adenocarcinoma prognosis (P=0.001). Significantly less Dp71 mRNA and protein were found in BGC823, SGC7901, AGS compared with GES-1. Via increasing lamin B1 mRNA and protein, enforced Dp71d and Dp71f expression resulted in SGC7901 proliferation inhibition. Co-IP proved interaction of Dp71 with lamin B1 in GES-1 cells. Further expression characterization showed reduced lamin B1 in gastric cancer tissue and cancer cells. Increasing lamin B1 expression results in the growth inhibition of SGC7901, which suggests that Dp71-lamin B1 protein complex plays an important role for the newly identified tumor suppressive function of Dp71.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sipin Tan
- Laboratory of Shock, Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Tan
- Laboratory of Shock, Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Sichuang Tan
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan 410011, People's Republic of China
| | - Shuai Zhao
- Laboratory of Shock, Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoxia Cao
- Laboratory of Shock, Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhikang Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaocheng Weng
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Huali Zhang
- Laboratory of Shock, Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Kangkai Wang
- Laboratory of Shock, Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiang Zhou
- Laboratory of Shock, Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianzhong Xiao
- Laboratory of Shock, Department of Pathophysiology, Xiangya School of Medicine, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, People's Republic of China
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Ma Y, Fei L, Zhang M, Zhang W, Liu X, Wang C, Luo Y, Zhang H, Han Y. Lamin B2 binding to minichromosome maintenance complex component 7 promotes non-small cell lung carcinogenesis. Oncotarget 2017; 8:104813-104830. [PMID: 29285216 PMCID: PMC5739603 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.20338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2017] [Accepted: 07/17/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
We investigated the role of lamin B2 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We detected higher lamin B2 expression in 20 NSCLC tumor tissues obtained from The Cancer Genome Atlas than in adjacent normal lung tissues. LMNB2-RNAi knockdown in A549 and H1299 NSCLC cells inhibited colony formation, cell proliferation and G1-S cell cycle progression while increasing apoptosis. LMNB2 overexpression had the opposite effects. Tumor xenograft experiments showed diminished tumor growth with LMNB2 knockdown H1299 cells than with controls. Yeast two-hybrid studies revealed minichromosome maintenance complex component 7 (MCM7) to be a binding partner of lamin B2, which was confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation and co-localization studies. Lamin B2 binding enhanced DNA binding and helicase activities of MCM7. Deletion analysis with MCM7-N, MCM7-M or MCM7-C mutant proteins showed that lamin B2 binds to the C-terminus of MCM7, and competes with the binding of the tumor suppressor retinoblastoma (RB) protein. Immunohistochemical analysis of 150 NSCLC patient samples revealed that both lamin B2 and MCM7 levels positively correlated with histological grade and tumor TNM stage. Moreover, high lamin B2 and MCM7 levels correlated with shorter overall survival of NSCLC patients. In sum, these results show that lamin B2 interaction with MCM7 promotes NSCLC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinan Ma
- Departments of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Liaoning, China
| | - Liangru Fei
- Departments of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Liaoning, China
| | - Meiyu Zhang
- Departments of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Liaoning, China
| | - Wenzhu Zhang
- Departments of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Liaoning, China
| | - Xiaofang Liu
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning, China
| | - Congcong Wang
- Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning, China
| | - Yuan Luo
- Departments of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Liaoning, China
| | - Haiyan Zhang
- Department of Pathology, The First People's Hospital of Jining, Shandong, China
| | - Yuchen Han
- Departments of Pathology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, China Medical University, Liaoning, China.,Department of Pathology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning, China.,Department of Pathology, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai, China
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