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Ren X, Yu J, Guo L, Zhang Z. CDGSH iron sulfur domain 2 mitigates apoptosis, oxidative stress and inflammatory response caused by oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation in HT22 hippocampal neurons by Akt-Nrf2-activated pathway. Metab Brain Dis 2022; 37:2417-2429. [PMID: 35819709 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-022-01043-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
CDGSH iron sulfur domain 2 (Cisd2) is known as a key determinant factor in maintaining cellular homeostasis. However, whether Cisd2 contributes to the mediation of neuronal injury during ischemic stroke has not been well stressed. This work focuses on investigating the role of Cisd2 in regulating neuronal injury caused by oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R). The dramatic down-regulation of Cisd2 was observed in hippocampal neurons suffering from OGD/R injury. In Cisd2-overexpressed neurons, OGD/R-induced neuronal apoptosis, oxidative stress and inflammation were prominently mitigated. Further investigation uncovered that the forced expression of Cisd2 reinforced the activation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway in OGD/R-exposed neurons. Moreover, the overexpression of Cisd2 enhanced Akt activation, and the restraint of Akt abolished Cisd2-induced Nrf2 activation. Importantly, restraint of Nrf2 reversed Cisd2-conferred neuroprotective effects in OGD/R-exposed neurons. Taken together, our findings indicate that Cisd2 is able to protect neurons from OGD/R-induced injuries by strengthening Nrf2 activation via Akt. Our work identifies Cisd2 as a potential determinant factor for neuronal injury during cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyan Ren
- Anesthesiology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No.155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Jiangang Yu
- Anesthesiology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No.155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Lili Guo
- Anesthesiology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No.155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Zaili Zhang
- Anesthesiology Department, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, No.155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, China.
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Kung WM, Lin CC, Chen WJ, Jiang LL, Sun YY, Hsieh KH, Lin MS. Anti-Inflammatory CDGSH Iron-Sulfur Domain 2: A Biomarker of Central Nervous System Insult in Cellular, Animal Models and Patients. Biomedicines 2022; 10:biomedicines10040777. [PMID: 35453528 PMCID: PMC9030396 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines10040777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Spinal cord injury (SCI) promotes brain inflammation; conversely, brain injury promotes spinal neuron loss. There is a need to identify molecular biomarkers and therapeutic targets for central nervous system (CNS) injury. CDGSH iron-sulfur structural domain 2 (CISD2), an NF-κB antagonist, is downregulated after injury in vivo and in vitro. We aimed to examine the diagnostic value of CISD2 in patients with CNS insult. Plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) CISD2 levels were decreased in 13 patients with CNS insult and were negatively correlated with plasma IL6 levels (associated with disease severity; r = −0.7062; p < 0.01). SCI-induced inflammatory mediators delivered through CSF promoted mouse brain inflammation at 1 h post-SCI. Anti-CISD2 antibody treatment exacerbated SCI-induced inflammation in mouse spine and brain. Lipopolysaccharide-stimulated siCISD2-transfected EOC microglial cells exhibited proinflammatory phenotypes (enhanced M1 polarization, decreased M2 polarization, and increased intranuclear NF-κB p65 translocation). Plasma and CSF CISD2 levels were increased in three patients with CNS insult post-therapeutic hypothermia. CISD2 levels were negatively correlated with plasma and CSF levels of inflammatory mediators. CISD2 inhibition and potentiation experiments in cells, animals, and humans revealed CISD2 as a biomarker for CNS insult and upregulation of CISD2 anti-inflammatory properties as a potential therapeutic strategy for CNS insult.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woon-Man Kung
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 23142, Taiwan;
- Department of Exercise and Health Promotion, College of Kinesiology and Health, Chinese Culture University, Taipei 11114, Taiwan
| | - Chai-Ching Lin
- Department of Biotechnology and Animal Science, College of Bioresources, National Ilan University, Yilan 26047, Taiwan; (C.-C.L.); (W.-J.C.); (L.-L.J.)
| | - Wei-Jung Chen
- Department of Biotechnology and Animal Science, College of Bioresources, National Ilan University, Yilan 26047, Taiwan; (C.-C.L.); (W.-J.C.); (L.-L.J.)
| | - Li-Lin Jiang
- Department of Biotechnology and Animal Science, College of Bioresources, National Ilan University, Yilan 26047, Taiwan; (C.-C.L.); (W.-J.C.); (L.-L.J.)
| | - Yu-Yo Sun
- Institute of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 804201, Taiwan;
- Department of Neuroscience, Center for Brain Immunology and Glia (BIG), University of Virginia School of Medicine, Charlottesville, VA 22903, USA
| | - Kuang-Hui Hsieh
- Department of Laboratory Service, Kuang Tien General Hospital, Taichung 43303, Taiwan;
| | - Muh-Shi Lin
- Department of Biotechnology and Animal Science, College of Bioresources, National Ilan University, Yilan 26047, Taiwan; (C.-C.L.); (W.-J.C.); (L.-L.J.)
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kuang Tien General Hospital, Taichung 43303, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Medical and Health Care, Hung Kuang University, Taichung 43302, Taiwan
- Department of Health Business Administration, College of Medical and Health Care, Hung Kuang University, Taichung 43302, Taiwan
- Correspondence:
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Kung WM, Lin MS. Beneficial Impacts of Alpha-Eleostearic Acid from Wild Bitter Melon and Curcumin on Promotion of CDGSH Iron-Sulfur Domain 2: Therapeutic Roles in CNS Injuries and Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22073289. [PMID: 33804820 PMCID: PMC8037269 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuroinflammation and abnormal mitochondrial function are related to the cause of aging, neurodegeneration, and neurotrauma. The activation of nuclear factor κB (NF-κB), exaggerating these two pathologies, underlies the pathogenesis for the aforementioned injuries and diseases in the central nervous system (CNS). CDGSH iron-sulfur domain 2 (CISD2) belongs to the human NEET protein family with the [2Fe-2S] cluster. CISD2 has been verified as an NFκB antagonist through the association with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-β (PPAR-β). This protective protein can be attenuated under circumstances of CNS injuries and diseases, thereby causing NFκB activation and exaggerating NFκB-provoked neuroinflammation and abnormal mitochondrial function. Consequently, CISD2-elevating plans of action provide pathways in the management of various disease categories. Various bioactive molecules derived from plants exert protective anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects and serve as natural antioxidants, such as conjugated fatty acids and phenolic compounds. Herein, we have summarized pharmacological characters of the two phytochemicals, namely, alpha-eleostearic acid (α-ESA), an isomer of conjugated linolenic acids derived from wild bitter melon (Momordica charantia L. var. abbreviata Ser.), and curcumin, a polyphenol derived from rhizomes of Curcuma longa L. In this review, the unique function of the CISD2-elevating effect of α-ESA and curcumin are particularly emphasized, and these natural compounds are expected to serve as a potential therapeutic target for CNS injuries and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woon-Man Kung
- Department of Exercise and Health Promotion, College of Kinesiology and Health, Chinese Culture University, Taipei 11114, Taiwan;
| | - Muh-Shi Lin
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kuang Tien General Hospital, Taichung 43303, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology and Animal Science, College of Bioresources, National Ilan University, Yilan 26047, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Medical and Health Care, Hung Kuang University, Taichung 43302, Taiwan
- Department of Health Business Administration, College of Medical and Health Care, Hung Kuang University, Taichung 43302, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-4-2665-1900
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Kung WM, Lin MS. The NFκB Antagonist CDGSH Iron-Sulfur Domain 2 Is a Promising Target for the Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22020934. [PMID: 33477809 PMCID: PMC7832822 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22020934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Proinflammatory response and mitochondrial dysfunction are related to the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases (NDs). Nuclear factor κB (NFκB) activation has been shown to exaggerate proinflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction, which underlies NDs. CDGSH iron-sulfur domain 2 (CISD2) has been shown to be associated with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-β (PPAR-β) to compete for NFκB and antagonize the two aforementioned NFκB-provoked pathogeneses. Therefore, CISD2-based strategies hold promise in the treatment of NDs. CISD2 protein belongs to the human NEET protein family and is encoded by the CISD2 gene (located at 4q24 in humans). In CISD2, the [2Fe-2S] cluster, through coordinates of 3-cysteine-1-histidine on the CDGSH domain, acts as a homeostasis regulator under environmental stress through the transfer of electrons or iron-sulfur clusters. Here, we have summarized the features of CISD2 in genetics and clinics, briefly outlined the role of CISD2 as a key physiological regulator, and presented modalities to increase CISD2 activity, including biomedical engineering or pharmacological management. Strategies to increase CISD2 activity can be beneficial for the prevention of inflammation and mitochondrial dysfunction, and thus, they can be applied in the management of NDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Woon-Man Kung
- Department of Exercise and Health Promotion, College of Kinesiology and Health, Chinese Culture University, Taipei 11114, Taiwan;
| | - Muh-Shi Lin
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kuang Tien General Hospital, Taichung 43303, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology and Animal Science, College of Bioresources, National Ilan University, Yilan 26047, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Medical and Health Care, Hung Kuang University, Taichung 43302, Taiwan
- Department of Health Business Administration, College of Medical and Health Care, Hung Kuang University, Taichung 43302, Taiwan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-4-2665-1900
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