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Trugilho L, Alvarenga L, Cardozo LF, Barboza I, Leite M, Fouque D, Mafra D. Vitamin E and conflicting understandings in noncommunicable diseases: Is it worth supplementing? Clin Nutr ESPEN 2024; 59:343-354. [PMID: 38220396 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2023.12.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Vitamin E is a lipid-soluble nutrient found mainly in vegetable oils and oilseeds. It is divided into eight homologous compounds; however, only α-tocopherol exhibits vitamin activity. Many advantages are related to these compounds, including cellular protection through antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity, and improving lipid metabolism. Physiopathology of many diseases incepts with reduced antioxidant defense, characterized by an increased reactive oxygen species production and activation of transcription factors involved in inflammation, such as nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), that can be linked to oxidative stress. Moreover, disorders of lipid metabolism can increase the risk of cardiovascular diseases. In addition, intestinal dysbiosis plays a vital role in developing chronic non-communicable diseases. In this regard, vitamin E can be considered to mitigate those disorders, but data still needs to be more conclusive. This narrative review aims to elucidate the mechanisms of action of vitamin E and if supplementation can be beneficial in a disease scenario regarding non-communicable diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liana Trugilho
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Livia Alvarenga
- Graduate Program in Biological Sciences - Physiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ludmila Fmf Cardozo
- Graduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Isis Barboza
- Graduate Program in Cardiovascular Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil
| | - Maurilo Leite
- Division of Nephrology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Brazil
| | - Denis Fouque
- Department of Nephrology, Centre Hopitalier Lyon Sud, INSERM 1060, CENS, Université de Lyon, France
| | - Denise Mafra
- Graduate Program in Medical Sciences, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, RJ, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biological Sciences - Physiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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Jian J, Liu Y, Zheng Q, Wang J, Jiang Z, Liu X, Chen Z, Wan S, Liu H, Wang L. The E3 ubiquitin ligase TRIM39 modulates renal fibrosis induced by unilateral ureteral obstruction through regulating proteasomal degradation of PRDX3. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:17. [PMID: 38195664 PMCID: PMC10776755 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-023-01785-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024] Open
Abstract
Renal fibrosis is considered to be the ultimate pathway for various chronic kidney disease, with a complex etiology and great therapeutic challenges. Tripartite motif-containing (TRIM) family proteins have been shown to be involved in fibrotic diseases, but whether TRIM39 plays a role in renal fibrosis remain unexplored. In this study, we investigated the role of TRIM39 in renal fibrosis and its molecular mechanism. TRIM39 expression was analyzed in patients' specimens, HK-2 cells and unilateral ureteral obstruction (UUO) mice were used for functional and mechanistic studies. We found an upregulated expression of TRIM39 in renal fibrosis human specimens and models. In addition, TRIM39 knockdown was found efficient for alleviating renal fibrosis in both UUO mice and HK-2 cells. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that TRIM39 interacted with PRDX3 directly and induced ubiquitination degradation of PRDX3 at K73 and K149 through the K48 chain, which resulted in ROS accumulation and increased inflammatory cytokine generation, and further aggravated renal fibrosis. It provided an emerging potential target for the therapies of renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Jian
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Yunxun Liu
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Qingyuan Zheng
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Jingsong Wang
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Zhengyu Jiang
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Xiuheng Liu
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Zhiyuan Chen
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China
| | - Shanshan Wan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
| | - Hao Liu
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
- Department of Urology, The first affiliated hospital of Zhengzhou university, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430060, Hubei, China.
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Stompór T, Adamczak M, Kurnatowska I, Naumnik B, Nowicki M, Tylicki L, Winiarska A, Krajewska M. Pharmacological Nephroprotection in Non-Diabetic Chronic Kidney Disease-Clinical Practice Position Statement of the Polish Society of Nephrology. J Clin Med 2023; 12:5184. [PMID: 37629226 PMCID: PMC10455736 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12165184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a modern epidemic worldwide. Introducing renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitors (i.e., ACEi or ARB) not only as blood-pressure-lowering agents, but also as nephroprotective drugs with antiproteinuric potential was a milestone in the therapy of CKD. For decades, this treatment remained the only proven strategy to slow down CKD progression. This situation changed some years ago primarily due to the introduction of drugs designed to treat diabetes that turned into nephroprotective strategies not only in diabetic kidney disease, but also in CKD unrelated to diabetes. In addition, several drugs emerged that precisely target the pathogenetic mechanisms of particular kidney diseases. Finally, the role of metabolic acidosis in CKD progression (and not only the sequelae of CKD) came to light. In this review, we aim to comprehensively discuss all relevant therapies that slow down the progression of non-diabetic kidney disease, including the lowering of blood pressure, through the nephroprotective effects of ACEi/ARB and spironolactone independent from BP lowering, as well as the role of sodium-glucose co-transporter type 2 inhibitors, acidosis correction and disease-specific treatment strategies. We also briefly address the therapies that attempt to slow down the progression of CKD, which did not confirm this effect. We are convinced that our in-depth review with practical statements on multiple aspects of treatment offered to non-diabetic CKD fills the existing gap in the available literature. We believe that it may help clinicians who take care of CKD patients in their practice. Finally, we propose the strategy that should be implemented in most non-diabetic CKD patients to prevent disease progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomasz Stompór
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Internal Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-516 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Marcin Adamczak
- Department of Nephrology, Transplantation and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Silesia, 40-027 Katowice, Poland
| | - Ilona Kurnatowska
- Department of Internal Diseases and Transplant Nephrology, Medical University of Lodz, 90-419 Lodz, Poland
| | - Beata Naumnik
- Ist Department of Nephrology and Transplantation with Dialysis Unit, Medical University of Bialystok, Zurawia 14 St., 15-540 Bialystok, Poland
| | - Michał Nowicki
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Kidney Transplantation, Central University Hospital, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland
| | - Leszek Tylicki
- Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-952 Gdansk, Poland
| | - Agata Winiarska
- Department of Nephrology, Hypertension and Internal Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-516 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Magdalena Krajewska
- Department of Nephrology and Transplantation Medicine, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland;
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Jian J, Wang D, Xiong Y, Wang J, Zheng Q, Jiang Z, Zhong J, Yang S, Wang L. Puerarin alleviated oxidative stress and ferroptosis during renal fibrosis induced by ischemia/reperfusion injury via TLR4/Nox4 pathway in rats. Acta Cir Bras 2023; 38:e382523. [PMID: 37556718 PMCID: PMC10403246 DOI: 10.1590/acb382523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 08/11/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the role of puerarin on renal fibrosis and the underlying mechanism in renal ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) model. METHODS Rats were intraperitoneally injected with puerarin (50 or 100 mg/kg) per day for one week before renal I/R. The level of renal collagen deposition and interstitial fibrosis were observed by hematoxylin and eosin and Sirius Red staining, and the expression of α-smooth muscle actin (α-SMA) was examined by immunohistochemical staining. The ferroptosis related factors and TLR4/Nox4-pathway-associated proteins were detected by Western blotting. RESULTS Puerarin was observed to alleviate renal collagen deposition, interstitial fibrosis and the α-SMA expression induced by I/R. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities and glutathione (GSH) level were decreased in I/R and hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R), whereas malondialdehyde (MDA) and Fe2+ level increased. However, puerarin reversed SOD, MDA, GSH and Fe2+ level changes induced by I/R and H/R. Besides, Western blot indicated that puerarin inhibited the expression of ferroptosis related factors in a dose-dependent manner, which further demonstrated that puerarin had the effect to attenuate ferroptosis. Moreover, the increased expression of TLR/Nox4-pathway-associated proteins were observed in I/R and H/R group, but puerarin alleviated the elevated TLR/Nox4 expression. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggested that puerarin inhibited oxidative stress and ferroptosis induced by I/R and, thus, delayed the progression of renal fibrosis, providing a new target for the treatment of renal fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jun Jian
- Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University – Department of Urology – Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University – Department of Urology – Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Yufeng Xiong
- Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University – Department of Urology – Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jingsong Wang
- Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University – Department of Urology – Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Qingyuan Zheng
- Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University – Department of Urology – Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Zhengyu Jiang
- Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University – Department of Urology – Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Jiacheng Zhong
- Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University – Department of Urology – Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Song Yang
- Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University – Department of Urology – Wuhan, Hubei, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University – Department of Urology – Wuhan, Hubei, China
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Park CH, Tanaka T, Akimoto Y, Jeon JP, Yokozawa T. Therapeutic Potential of Two Derivative Prescriptions of Rokumijiogan, Hachimijiogan and Bakumijiogan against Renal Damage in Nephrectomized Rats. Medicines (Basel) 2023; 10:medicines10030024. [PMID: 36976313 PMCID: PMC10057953 DOI: 10.3390/medicines10030024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Background: Hachimijiogan (HJG) and Bakumijiogan (BJG), two derivative prescriptions of Rokumijiogan (RJG), were selected to investigate their renoprotective potential in the 5/6 nephrectomized (5/6Nx) rat model. Methods: Rats were treated with HJG and BJG orally at 150 mg/kg body weight/day once daily for 10 weeks after resection of 5/6 of the renal volume, and their renoprotective effects were compared with 5/6Nx vehicle-treated and sham-operated control rats. Results: Improvements in renal lesions, glomerulosclerosis, tubulointerstitial injury, and arteriosclerotic lesions estimated by histologic scoring indices in the HJG-treated group were compared with those in the BJG-treated group. HJG- and BJG-treated groups ameliorated the renal function parameters. Elevated levels of renal oxidative stress-related biomarkers were reduced, while decreased antioxidant defence systems (superoxide dismutase and the glutathione/oxidized glutathione ratio) were increased in the HJG-treated group rather than the BJG-treated group. In contrast, BJG administration significantly reduced expression of the inflammatory response through oxidative stress. The HJG-treated group showed a decrease in inflammatory mediators through the JNK pathway. To gain a deeper understanding of their therapeutic action, the effects of the main components detected in HJG and BJG were evaluated using the LLC-PK1 renal tubular epithelial cell line, which is the renal tissue most vulnerable to oxidative stress. Corni Fructus and Moutan Cortex-originated compositions afforded important protection against oxidative stress induced by peroxynitrite. Conclusions: From our described and discussed analyses, it can be concluded that RJG-containing prescriptions, HJG and BJG are an excellent medicine for chronic kidney disease. In the future, appropriately designed clinical studies in people with chronic kidney disease are necessary to evaluate the renoprotective activities of HJG and BJG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chan Hum Park
- Institute of New Frontier Research Team, Hallym Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Takashi Tanaka
- Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan
| | | | - Jin Pyeong Jeon
- Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon 24252, Republic of Korea
| | - Takako Yokozawa
- Graduate School of Science and Engineering for Research, University of Toyama, Toyama 930-8555, Japan
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Abraham AJM, Bobby Z, Chaturvedula L, Vinayagam V, Jacob SE, Habeebullah S. Maternal Adverse Outcomes in Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy and Their Association with Serum Adiponectin and Redox Markers. Fetal Pediatr Pathol 2022; 41:1-17. [PMID: 32275184 DOI: 10.1080/15513815.2020.1745973] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Background: Premature termination of pregnancy because of unmanageable maternal complications in hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) results in adverse neonatal outcome. Identification of biochemical derangements associated with maternal complications may help in the better medical management of the mother resulting in better neonatal outcomes. Method: Healthy pregnant women (C); pregnant women with gestational hypertension (GH), and preeclampsia (late [LP] and early [EP] onset) were studied. Maternal serum redox markers and adipokines were evaluated for their association with maternal complications. Results: Adiponectin levels were significantly raised in preeclampsia groups when compared with control and GH groups. Univariate and multivariate analysis confirmed that malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant status (TAS) were associated with eclampsia; adiponectin and TAS with HELLP syndrome; adiponectin, MDA and TAS with severe preeclampsia; and adiponectin with impaired renal function. Conclusion: We identified that increased serum adiponectin, MDA, and TAS were associated with adverse maternal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angelin Jeba Malar Abraham
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India
| | - Zachariah Bobby
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India
| | - Latha Chaturvedula
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India
| | - Vickneshwaran Vinayagam
- Department of Biochemistry, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India
| | - Sajini Elizabeth Jacob
- Department of Pathology, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India
| | - Syed Habeebullah
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Pondicherry, India
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Zamorskii II, Unguryan TM, Melnichuk SP. The Antioxidant Activity of Ceruloplasmin in Rhabdomyolysis-Induced Acute Kidney Injury. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006350919060241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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Alan S, Şalva E, Yılmaz İ, Turan SÖ, Akbuğa J. The effectiveness of chitosan-mediated silencing of PDGF-B and PDGFR-β in the mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis therapy. Exp Mol Pathol 2019; 110:104280. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yexmp.2019.104280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Revised: 06/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/28/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Montes-Rivera JO, Tamay-Cach F, Quintana-Pérez JC, Guevara-Salazar JA, Trujillo-Ferrara JG, Del Valle-Mondragón L, Arellano-Mendoza MG. Apocynin combined with drugs as coadjuvant could be employed to prevent and/or treat the chronic kidney disease. Ren Fail 2018; 40:92-98. [PMID: 29299955 PMCID: PMC6014519 DOI: 10.1080/0886022x.2017.1421557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2017] [Revised: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
A worldwide public health problem is chronic kidney disease (CKD) presenting alarming epidemiological data. It currently affects about 10% of the adult population worldwide and has a high mortality rate. It is now known that oxidative stress represents one of the most important mechanisms in its pathophysiology, from the early stages to the terminal phase. Oxidation increases inflammation and reduces the capacity of NO• to relax vascular smooth muscle, in part by decreasing bioavailability of tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4), leading to endothelial dysfunction and high blood pressure, and due to the limited effectiveness of existing treatments, new drugs are needed to prevent and/or treat these mechanisms. The aim of this study was to test apocynin in a 5/6 nephrectomy mouse model of CKD to investigate whether its known antioxidant effect can improve the disease outcome. This effect results from the inhibition of NADPH oxidase and consequently a reduced production of the superoxide anion ([Formula: see text]). Animals were divided into five groups: sham, 5/6 nephrectomy only, and 5/6 nephrectomy followed by treatment with captopril, losartan or apocynin. The parameters evaluated were blood pressure and markers of oxidative stress ([Formula: see text]) and endothelial function (BH4). There were significantly lower levels of [Formula: see text] and a greater availability of serum BH4 in the apocynin-treated animals versus the control group and the two other drug treatments. The present findings suggest that apocynin in conjunction with a coadjuvant for modulating blood pressure may be useful for controlling the progression of CRF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Osvaldo Montes-Rivera
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónico Degenerativas, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Departamento de Formación Básica Disciplinaria, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Feliciano Tamay-Cach
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Departamento de Formación Básica Disciplinaria, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Julio César Quintana-Pérez
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Departamento de Formación Básica Disciplinaria, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - Juan Alberto Guevara-Salazar
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Departamento de Formación Básica Disciplinaria, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | - José Guadalupe Trujillo-Ferrara
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Departamento de Formación Básica Disciplinaria, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
| | | | - Mónica Griselda Arellano-Mendoza
- Laboratorio de Investigación en Enfermedades Crónico Degenerativas, Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Departamento de Formación Básica Disciplinaria, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Ciudad de México, México
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Du X, Yu J, Sun X, Qu S, Zhang H, Hu M, Yang S, Zhou P. Impact of epigallocatechin‑3‑gallate on expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2‑related factor 2 and γ‑glutamyl cysteine synthetase genes in oxidative stress‑induced mouse renal tubular epithelial cells. Mol Med Rep 2018; 17:7952-7958. [PMID: 29620178 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.8798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate the antioxidant response mechanism of epigallocatechin‑3‑gallate (EGCG) in H2O2‑induced mouse renal tubular epithelial cells (MRTECs). The cultured MRTECs were divided into normal, H2O2 (control) and EGCG treatment groups. The MTT assay was used to assess cell viability, and reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT‑qPCR), immunocytochemical and western blot analyses were performed to detect the expression of nuclear factor erythroid 2‑related factor 2 (Nrf2) and γ‑glutamyl cysteine synthetase (γ‑GCS). EGCG was able to mitigate H2O2‑mediated cell damage. The RT‑qPCR results demonstrated that EGCG was able to upregulate the gene expression of Nrf2 and γ‑GCS in MRTECs in a dose‑dependent manner. The immunocytochemistry and western blot analyses demonstrated that EGCG was able to increase the protein expression of Nrf2 and γ‑GCS in MRTECs in a dose‑dependent manner. Oxidative stress may lead to a decrease in the viability of MRTECs, while EGCG was able to promote the expression of Nrf2 and γ‑GCS in MRTECs, thereby improving the antioxidant capacity of the cells and promoting the repair of oxidative stress injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanyi Du
- Department of Nephrology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Jinfeng Yu
- Department of Pediatrics, Hongqi Hospital of Mudanjiang Medical College, Mudanjiang, Heilongjiang 157011, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohan Sun
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Shaochuan Qu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Haitao Zhang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Mengying Hu
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Shufen Yang
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Department of Pediatrics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang 150086, P.R. China
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Chai TT, Law YC, Wong FC, Kim SK. Enzyme-Assisted Discovery of Antioxidant Peptides from Edible Marine Invertebrates: A Review. Mar Drugs 2017; 15:E42. [PMID: 28212329 PMCID: PMC5334622 DOI: 10.3390/md15020042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2016] [Revised: 02/06/2017] [Accepted: 02/08/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Marine invertebrates, such as oysters, mussels, clams, scallop, jellyfishes, squids, prawns, sea cucumbers and sea squirts, are consumed as foods. These edible marine invertebrates are sources of potent bioactive peptides. The last two decades have seen a surge of interest in the discovery of antioxidant peptides from edible marine invertebrates. Enzymatic hydrolysis is an efficient strategy commonly used for releasing antioxidant peptides from food proteins. A growing number of antioxidant peptide sequences have been identified from the enzymatic hydrolysates of edible marine invertebrates. Antioxidant peptides have potential applications in food, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. In this review, we first give a brief overview of the current state of progress of antioxidant peptide research, with special attention to marine antioxidant peptides. We then focus on 22 investigations which identified 32 antioxidant peptides from enzymatic hydrolysates of edible marine invertebrates. Strategies adopted by various research groups in the purification and identification of the antioxidant peptides will be summarized. Structural characteristic of the peptide sequences in relation to their antioxidant activities will be reviewed. Potential applications of the peptide sequences and future research prospects will also be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsun-Thai Chai
- Department of Chemical Science, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, 31900 Kampar, Malaysia.
- Centre for Bio-diversity Research, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, 31900 Kampar, Malaysia.
| | - Yew-Chye Law
- Department of Chemical Science, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, 31900 Kampar, Malaysia.
| | - Fai-Chu Wong
- Department of Chemical Science, Faculty of Science, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, 31900 Kampar, Malaysia.
- Centre for Bio-diversity Research, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, 31900 Kampar, Malaysia.
| | - Se-Kwon Kim
- Department of Marine Bio-Convergence Science, Pukyong National University, 48513 Busan, Korea.
- Institute for Life Science of Seogo (ILSS), Kolmar Korea Co, 137-876 Seoul, Korea.
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Galano A, Castañeda-Arriaga R, Pérez-González A, Tan DX, Reiter RJ. Phenolic Melatonin-Related Compounds: Their Role as Chemical Protectors against Oxidative Stress. Molecules 2016; 21:E1442. [PMID: 27801875 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21111442] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 10/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
There is currently no doubt about the serious threat that oxidative stress (OS) poses to human health. Therefore, a crucial strategy to maintain a good health status is to identify molecules capable of offering protection against OS through chemical routes. Based on the known efficiency of the phenolic and melatonin (MLT) families of compounds as antioxidants, it is logical to assume that phenolic MLT-related compounds should be (at least) equally efficient. Unfortunately, they have been less investigated than phenols, MLT and its non-phenolic metabolites in this context. The evidence reviewed here strongly suggests that MLT phenolic derivatives can act as both primary and secondary antioxidants, exerting their protection through diverse chemical routes. They all seem to be better free radical scavengers than MLT and Trolox, while some of them also surpass ascorbic acid and resveratrol. However, there are still many aspects that deserve further investigations for this kind of compounds.
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Hattori Y, Naito M, Satoh M, Nakatochi M, Naito H, Kato M, Takagi S, Matsunaga T, Seiki T, Sasakabe T, Suma S, Kawai S, Okada R, Hishida A, Hamajima N, Wakai K. Metallothionein MT2A A-5G Polymorphism as a Risk Factor for Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetes: Cross-Sectional and Cohort Studies. Toxicol Sci 2016; 152:181-93. [PMID: 27122239 PMCID: PMC4922544 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfw080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Metallothioneins (MTs) are proteins that protect cells from toxic agents such as heavy metal ions or reactive oxygen species. MT2A A-5G is a single nucleotide polymorphism in the promoter region of the MT2A gene, and the minor G allele results in lower transcription efficiency. We aimed to elucidate associations between MT2A A-5G and risks of 2 diseases potentially related to lowered MT expression, chronic kidney disease (CKD), and diabetes mellitus (DM), in a community-dwelling population. Study subjects were Nagoya city residents participating in the Japan Multi-Institutional Collaborative Cohort Study (J-MICC) Daiko Study, comprised 749 men and 2,025 women, aged 39-75 years. CKD (>stage 3) and DM were defined by standard guidelines. Associations were evaluated using logistic regression models with adjustments for age, sex and potential confounders in a cross-sectional study, and verified in a 5-year longitudinal study. Odds ratios (OR [95% confidence interval]) were calculated relative to the AA genotype. Serum MT (I + II), Cd and zinc levels were also determined by genotype. The OR of the GG genotype for CKD risk was 3.98 (1.50, 10.58) in the cross-sectional study and 5.17 (1.39, 19.28) in the longitudinal study. The OR of the GA genotype for DM was 1.86 (1.26, 2.75) in the cross-sectional study and 2.03 (1.19, 3.46) in the longitudinal study. MT2A A-5G may be associated with CKD and DM risks. This polymorphism is a promising target for evaluations of CKD and DM risks with possible involvement of low-dose chronic exposure to environmental pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuta Hattori
- *Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Mariko Naito
- *Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Masahiko Satoh
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Health Sciences, School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8650, Japan
| | - Masahiro Nakatochi
- Biostatistics and Bioinformatics Section, Center for Advanced Medicine and Clinical Research, Nagoya University Hospital, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Hisao Naito
- Department of Public Health, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, 470-1192, Japan
| | - Masashi Kato
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Sahoko Takagi
- *Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Takashi Matsunaga
- *Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Toshio Seiki
- *Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Tae Sasakabe
- *Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Shino Suma
- *Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan Department of Oral Disease Research, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Obu, Aichi, 474-8511, Japan
| | - Sayo Kawai
- *Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Rieko Okada
- *Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Asahi Hishida
- *Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Hamajima
- Department of Healthcare Administration, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
| | - Kenji Wakai
- *Department of Preventive Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, 466-8550, Japan
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