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Giallongo S, Duminuco A, Dulcamare I, Zuppelli T, La Spina E, Scandura G, Santisi A, Romano A, Di Raimondo F, Tibullo D, Palumbo GA, Giallongo C. Engagement of Mesenchymal Stromal Cells in the Remodeling of the Bone Marrow Microenvironment in Hematological Cancers. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1701. [PMID: 38136573 PMCID: PMC10741414 DOI: 10.3390/biom13121701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 11/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are a subset of heterogeneous, non-hematopoietic fibroblast-like cells which play important roles in tissue repair, inflammation, and immune modulation. MSCs residing in the bone marrow microenvironment (BMME) functionally interact with hematopoietic stem progenitor cells regulating hematopoiesis. However, MSCs have also emerged in recent years as key regulators of the tumor microenvironment. Indeed, they are now considered active players in the pathophysiology of hematologic malignancies rather than passive bystanders in the hematopoietic microenvironment. Once a malignant event occurs, the BMME acquires cellular, molecular, and epigenetic abnormalities affecting tumor growth and progression. In this context, MSC behavior is affected by signals coming from cancer cells. Furthermore, it has been shown that stromal cells themselves play a major role in several hematological malignancies' pathogenesis. This bidirectional crosstalk creates a functional tumor niche unit wherein tumor cells acquire a selective advantage over their normal counterparts and are protected from drug treatment. It is therefore of critical importance to unveil the underlying mechanisms which activate a protumor phenotype of MSCs for defining the unmasked vulnerabilities of hematological cancer cells which could be pharmacologically exploited to disrupt tumor/MSC coupling. The present review focuses on the current knowledge about MSC dysfunction mechanisms in the BMME of hematological cancers, sustaining tumor growth, immune escape, and cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiano Giallongo
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (S.G.); (G.A.P.); (C.G.)
| | - Andrea Duminuco
- Division of Hematology, AOU Policlinico, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.D.); (A.S.)
| | - Ilaria Dulcamare
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy;
| | - Tatiana Zuppelli
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (T.Z.); (E.L.S.)
| | - Enrico La Spina
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (T.Z.); (E.L.S.)
| | - Grazia Scandura
- Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (G.S.); (A.R.); (F.D.R.)
| | - Annalisa Santisi
- Division of Hematology, AOU Policlinico, 95123 Catania, Italy; (A.D.); (A.S.)
| | - Alessandra Romano
- Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (G.S.); (A.R.); (F.D.R.)
| | - Francesco Di Raimondo
- Department of General Surgery and Medical-Surgical Specialties, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (G.S.); (A.R.); (F.D.R.)
| | - Daniele Tibullo
- Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (T.Z.); (E.L.S.)
| | - Giuseppe A. Palumbo
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (S.G.); (G.A.P.); (C.G.)
| | - Cesarina Giallongo
- Department of Medical, Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies “G.F. Ingrassia”, University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy; (S.G.); (G.A.P.); (C.G.)
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Giannoni P, Marini C, Cutrona G, Todoerti K, Neri A, Ibatici A, Sambuceti G, Pigozzi S, Mora M, Ferrarini M, Fais F, de Totero D. A High Percentage of CD16+ Monocytes Correlates with the Extent of Bone Erosion in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Patients: The Impact of Leukemic B Cells in Monocyte Differentiation and Osteoclast Maturation. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14235979. [PMID: 36497460 PMCID: PMC9740193 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14235979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 11/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Significant skeletal alterations are present in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL) patients; bone erosion, particularly evident in the long bone shaft, appeared increased in the progressive disease stage. Moreover, the partial colonization of the bone with reactive bone marrow we documented via PET-FDG imaging suggests that neoplastic cell overgrowth contributes to bone derangement. Indeed, cytokines released by leukemic B cells impair osteoblast differentiation and enhance osteoclast formation in vitro. CD16, Fcγ-RIIIa, has been previously indicated as a marker of osteoclast precursors. We demonstrate, here, that the percentage of circulating monocytes, CD16+, is significantly higher in CLL patients than in normal controls and directly correlated with the extent of bone erosion. When we assessed if healthy monocytes, treated with a CLL-conditioned medium, modulated RANK, RANKL and CD16, we observed that all these molecules were up-regulated and CD16 to a greater extent. Altogether, these findings suggest that leukemic cells facilitate osteoclast differentiation. Interestingly, the evidence that monocytes, polarized toward the M2 phenotype, were characterized by high CD16 expression and showed a striking propensity to differentiate toward osteoclasts may provide further explanations for the enhanced levels of bone erosion detected, in agreement with the high number of immunosuppressive-M2 cells present in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Giannoni
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Biology Section, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Cecilia Marini
- CNR Institute of Bioimages and Molecular Physiology, 20054 Milano, Italy
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Giovanna Cutrona
- Molecular Pathology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Katia Todoerti
- Hematology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, 20122 Milano, Italy
- Department of Pathology, IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori G. Venezian, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Antonino Neri
- Scientific Directorate, Azienda USL-IRCCS di Reggio Emilia, 42123 Reggio Emilia, Italy
| | - Adalberto Ibatici
- Hematology Unit and Bone Marrow Transplantation, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Gianmario Sambuceti
- Nuclear Medicine Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Simona Pigozzi
- Department of Surgical and Diagnostic Sciences, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Marco Mora
- Pathology Anatomy Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Manlio Ferrarini
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Anatomy Section, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Franco Fais
- Molecular Pathology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
- Department of Experimental Medicine, Anatomy Section, University of Genova, 16132 Genova, Italy
| | - Daniela de Totero
- Molecular Pathology Unit, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genova, Italy
- Correspondence:
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Goodarzi A, Valikhani M, Amiri F, Safari A. The mechanisms of mutual relationship between malignant hematologic cells and mesenchymal stem cells: Does it contradict the nursing role of mesenchymal stem cells? Cell Commun Signal 2022; 20:21. [PMID: 35236376 PMCID: PMC8889655 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-022-00822-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are known as the issue in biology because of some unpredictable characteristics in the different microenvironments especially in their bone marrow niche. MSCs are used in the regenerative medicine because of their unique potentials for trans-differentiation, immunomodulation, and paracrine capacity. But, their pathogenic and pro-survival effects in tumors/cancers including hematologic malignancies are indisputable. MSCs and/or their derivatives might be involved in tumor growth, metastasis and drug resistance in the leukemias. One of important relationship is MSCs and hematologic malignancy-derived cells which affects markedly the outcome of disease. The communication between these two cells may be contact-dependent and/or contact-independent. In this review, we studied the crosstalk between MSCs and malignant hematologic cells which results the final feedback either the progression or suppression of blood cell malignancy. Video abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Goodarzi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Fahmideh Blvd., The Opposite Side of Mardom Park, Hamadan, 6517838741, Iran
| | - Mohsen Valikhani
- Hematology Department, School of Allied Medical Science, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Amiri
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedicine, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Fahmideh Blvd., The Opposite Side of Mardom Park, Hamadan, 6517838741, Iran.
| | - Armita Safari
- Student Research Committee, Hamadan University of Medical Science, Hamadan, Iran
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Giannoni P, Marini C, Cutrona G, Matis S, Capra MC, Puglisi F, Luzzi P, Pigozzi S, Gaggero G, Neri A, Todoerti K, Morabito F, Ibatici A, Miglino M, Bergamaschi M, Bruno S, Sambuceti GM, Ravetti JL, Ferrarini M, Fais F, de Totero D. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells impair osteoblastogenesis and promote osteoclastogenesis: role of TNFα, IL-6 and IL-11 cytokines. Haematologica 2020; 106:2598-2612. [PMID: 32855274 PMCID: PMC8485691 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2019.231456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Bone skeletal alterations are no longer considered a rare event in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia (CLL), especially at more advanced stages of the disease. This study is aimed at elucidating the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon. Bone marrow stromal cells, induced to differentiate toward osteoblasts in osteogenic medium, appeared unable to complete their maturation upon co-culture with CLL cells, CLL cells-derived conditioned media (CLL-cm) or CLL-sera (CLL-sr). Inhibition of osteoblast differentiation was documented by decreased levels of RUNX2 and osteocalcin mRNA expression, by increased osteopontin and DKK-1 mRNA levels, and by a marked reduction of mineralized matrix deposition. The addition of neutralizing TNFα, IL-11 or anti-IL-6R monoclonal antibodies to these co-cultures resulted into restoration of bone mineralization, indicating the involvement of these cytokines: these findings were further supported by silencing TNFα, IL-11 and IL-6 in leukemic cells. We also demonstrated that the addition of CLL-cm to monocytes, previously stimulated with MCSF and RANKL, significantly amplified the formation of large mature osteoclasts as well as their bone resorption activity. Moreover enhanced osteoclastogenesis, induced by CLL-cm, was significantly reduced by treating cultures with the anti-TNFα moAb Infliximab; an analogous effect was observed by the use of the BTK inhibitor Ibrutinib. CLL cells, co-cultured with mature osteoclasts, were interestingly protected from apoptosis and upregulated Ki-67. These experimental results parallel the direct correlation between TNFα amounts in CLL sera and the degree of compact bone erosion we previously described, further strengthening the indication of a reciprocal influence between leukemic cells expansion and bone structure derangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Giannoni
- Dept. of Experimental Medicine, Biology Section, University of Genoa, Italy
| | - Cecilia Marini
- CNR Institute of Bioimages and Molecular Physiology, Milan, Italy
| | - Giovanna Cutrona
- Molecular Pathology Unit, IRCCS-Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Serena Matis
- Molecular Pathology Unit, IRCCS-Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Francesca Puglisi
- Dept. of Experimental Medicine, Biology Section, University of Genoa, Italy
| | - Paola Luzzi
- Dept. of Experimental Medicine, Biology Section, University of Genoa, Italy
| | - Simona Pigozzi
- Pathological Anatomy Unit, IRCCS-Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Gabriele Gaggero
- Pathologycal Anatomy Unit, IRCCS-Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Antonino Neri
- Dept. of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology,University of Milan, Italy
| | - Katia Todoerti
- Dept. of Oncology and Hemato-Oncology,University of Milan, Italy
| | - Fortunato Morabito
- Biotechnology Research Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Aprigliano, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Adalberto Ibatici
- Hematology Clinic, IRCCS-Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maurizio Miglino
- Hematology Clinic, IRCCS-Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Bruno
- Dept. of Experimental Medicine, Anatomy Section, University of Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Jean Louis Ravetti
- Pathological Anatomy Unit, IRCCS-Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Manlio Ferrarini
- Dept. of Experimental Medicine, Anatomy Section, University of Genoa, Italy
| | - Franco Fais
- Molecular Pathology Unit, IRCCS-Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Daniela de Totero
- Molecular Pathology Unit, IRCCS-Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy;
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Giannoni P, Fais F, Cutrona G, Totero DD. Hepatocyte Growth Factor: A Microenvironmental Resource for Leukemic Cell Growth. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20020292. [PMID: 30642077 PMCID: PMC6359660 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20020292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is characterized by the progressive expansion of B lymphocytes CD5+/CD23+ in peripheral blood, lymph-nodes, and bone marrow. The pivotal role played by the microenvironment in disease pathogenesis has become increasingly clear. We demonstrated that bone marrow stromal cells and trabecular bone cells sustain survival of leukemic B cells through the production of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF). Indeed the trans-membrane kinase receptor for HGF, c-MET, is expressed on CLL cells and STAT3 TYR705 or AKT phosphorylation is induced after HGF/c-MET interaction. We have further observed that c-MET is also highly expressed in a peculiar type of cells of the CLL-microenvironment showing nurturing features for the leukemic clone (nurse-like cells: NLCs). Since HGF treatment drives monocytes toward the M2 phenotype and NLCs exhibit features of tumor associated macrophages of type 2 we suggested that HGF, released either by cells of the microenvironment or leukemic cells, exerts a double effect: (i) enhances CLL cells survival and (ii) drives differentiation of monocytes-macrophages to an oriented immune suppressive phenotype. We here discuss how paracrine, but also autocrine production of HGF by malignant cells, may favor leukemic clone expansion and resistance to conventional drug treatments in CLL, as well as in other hematological malignancies. Novel therapeutic approaches aimed to block HGF/c-MET interactions are further proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Giannoni
- Stem Cell Laboratory, Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, V. Pastore 3, 16132 Genova, Italy.
| | - Franco Fais
- Molecular Pathology Unit, IRCCS Polyclinic Hospital San Martino, L.go R. Benzi n.10, 16132 Genova, Italy.
| | - Giovanna Cutrona
- Molecular Pathology Unit, IRCCS Polyclinic Hospital San Martino, L.go R. Benzi n.10, 16132 Genova, Italy.
| | - Daniela de Totero
- Molecular Pathology Unit, IRCCS Polyclinic Hospital San Martino, L.go R. Benzi n.10, 16132 Genova, Italy.
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Pal Singh S, de Bruijn MJW, de Almeida MP, Meijers RWJ, Nitschke L, Langerak AW, Pillai SY, Stadhouders R, Hendriks RW. Identification of Distinct Unmutated Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Subsets in Mice Based on Their T Cell Dependency. Front Immunol 2018; 9:1996. [PMID: 30271400 PMCID: PMC6146083 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.01996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2018] [Accepted: 08/14/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) can be divided into prognostically distinct subsets with stereotyped or non-stereotyped, mutated or unmutated B cell receptors (BCRs). Individual subsets vary in antigen specificity and origin, but the impact of antigenic pressure on the CLL BCR repertoire remains unknown. Here, we employed IgH.TEμ mice that spontaneously develop CLL, expressing mostly unmutated BCRs of which ~35% harbor VH11-2/Vκ14-126 and recognize phosphatidylcholine. Proportions of VH11/Vκ14-expressing CLL were increased in the absence of functional germinal centers in IgH.TEμ mice deficient for CD40L or activation-induced cytidine deaminase. Conversely, in vivo T cell-dependent immunization decreased the proportions of VH11/Vκ14-expressing CLL. Furthermore, CLL onset was accelerated by enhanced BCR signaling in Siglec-G−/− mice or in mice expressing constitutively active Bruton's tyrosine kinase. Transcriptional profiling revealed that VH11 and non-VH11 CLL differed in the upregulation of specific pathways implicated in cell signaling and metabolism. Interestingly, principal component analyses using the 148 differentially expressed genes revealed that VH11 and non-VH11 CLL clustered with BCR-stimulated and anti-CD40-stimulated B cells, respectively. We identified an expression signature consisting of 13 genes that were differentially expressed in a larger panel of T cell-dependent non-VH11 CLL compared with T cell-independent VH11/Vκ14 or mutated IgH.TEμ CLL. Parallel differences in the expression of these 13 signature genes were observed between heterogeneous and stereotypic human unmutated CLL. Our findings provide evidence for two distinct unmutated CLL subsets with a specific transcriptional signature: one is T cell-independent and B-1 cell-derived while the other arises upon antigen stimulation in the context of T-cell help.
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Affiliation(s)
- Simar Pal Singh
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Post-graduate School Molecular Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | | | | | | | - Lars Nitschke
- Department of Genetics, University of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | | | - Ralph Stadhouders
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands.,Department of Cell Biology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
| | - Rudi W Hendriks
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, Netherlands
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Boissard F, Tosolini M, Ligat L, Quillet-Mary A, Lopez F, Fournié JJ, Ysebaert L, Poupot M. Nurse-like cells promote CLL survival through LFA-3/CD2 interactions. Oncotarget 2016; 8:52225-52236. [PMID: 28881725 PMCID: PMC5581024 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.13660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
In the tumoral micro-environment (TME) of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), nurse-like cells (NLC) are tumor-associated macrophages which play a critical role in the survival and chemoresistance of tumoral cells. This pro-survival activity is known to involve soluble factors, but few data are available on the relative role of cells cross-talk. Here, we used a transcriptome-based approach to systematically investigate the expression of various receptor/ligand pairs at the surface of NLC/CLL cells. Their relative contribution to CLL survival was assessed both by fluorescent microscopy to identify cellular interactions and by the use of functional tests to measure the impact of uncoupling these pairs with blocking monoclonal antibodies. We found for the first time that lymphocyte function-associated antigen 3 (LFA-3), expressed in CLL at significantly higher levels than in healthy donor B-cells, and CD2 expressed on NLC, were both key for the specific pro-survival signals delivered by NLC. Moreover, we found that NLC/CLL interactions induced the shedding of soluble LFA-3. Importantly, in an exploratory cohort of 60 CLL patients receiving frontline immunochemotherapy, increased levels of soluble LFA-3 were found to correlate with shorter overall survival. Altogether, these data suggest that LFA-3/CD2 interactions promote the survival of CLL cells in the tumor microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frédéric Boissard
- CRCT UMR1037 INSERM-ERL 5294 CNRS-Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Marie Tosolini
- CRCT UMR1037 INSERM-ERL 5294 CNRS-Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Laetitia Ligat
- CRCT UMR1037 INSERM-ERL 5294 CNRS-Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.,Pole Technologique CRCT, Plateau Imagerie, Toulouse, France
| | - Anne Quillet-Mary
- CRCT UMR1037 INSERM-ERL 5294 CNRS-Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Frederic Lopez
- CRCT UMR1037 INSERM-ERL 5294 CNRS-Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.,Pole Technologique CRCT, Plateau Imagerie, Toulouse, France
| | - Jean-Jacques Fournié
- CRCT UMR1037 INSERM-ERL 5294 CNRS-Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Loic Ysebaert
- CRCT UMR1037 INSERM-ERL 5294 CNRS-Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.,IUCT-Oncopole, Toulouse, France
| | - Mary Poupot
- CRCT UMR1037 INSERM-ERL 5294 CNRS-Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
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Li S, Zhang H, Wang X, Qu Y, Duan J, Liu R, Deng T, Ning T, Zhang L, Bai M, Zhou L, Wang X, Ge S, Ying G, Ba Y. Direct targeting of HGF by miR-16 regulates proliferation and migration in gastric cancer. Tumour Biol 2016; 37:15175-15183. [DOI: 10.1007/s13277-016-5390-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2016] [Accepted: 09/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
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9
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Bruno S, Ledda B, Tenca C, Ravera S, Orengo AM, Mazzarello AN, Pesenti E, Casciaro S, Racchi O, Ghiotto F, Marini C, Sambuceti G, DeCensi A, Fais F. Metformin inhibits cell cycle progression of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells. Oncotarget 2016; 6:22624-40. [PMID: 26265439 PMCID: PMC4673187 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.4168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 05/23/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) was believed to result from clonal accumulation of resting apoptosis-resistant malignant B lymphocytes. However, it became increasingly clear that CLL cells undergo, during their life, iterative cycles of re-activation and subsequent clonal expansion. Drugs interfering with CLL cell cycle entry would be greatly beneficial in the treatment of this disease. 1, 1-Dimethylbiguanide hydrochloride (metformin), the most widely prescribed oral hypoglycemic agent, inexpensive and well tolerated, has recently received increased attention for its potential antitumor activity. We wondered whether metformin has apoptotic and anti-proliferative activity on leukemic cells derived from CLL patients. Metformin was administered in vitro either to quiescent cells or during CLL cell activation stimuli, provided by classical co-culturing with CD40L-expressing fibroblasts. At doses that were totally ineffective on normal lymphocytes, metformin induced apoptosis of quiescent CLL cells and inhibition of cell cycle entry when CLL were stimulated by CD40-CD40L ligation. This cytostatic effect was accompanied by decreased expression of survival- and proliferation-associated proteins, inhibition of signaling pathways involved in CLL disease progression and decreased intracellular glucose available for glycolysis. In drug combination experiments, metformin lowered the apoptotic threshold and potentiated the cytotoxic effects of classical and novel antitumor molecules. Our results indicate that, while CLL cells after stimulation are in the process of building their full survival and cycling armamentarium, the presence of metformin affects this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Bruno
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Bernardetta Ledda
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Claudya Tenca
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Silvia Ravera
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Orengo
- IRCCS AOU San Martino - IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
| | - Andrea Nicola Mazzarello
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,The Feinstein Institute for Medical Research, North Shore-Long Island, Experimental Immunology, Manhasset, NY, USA
| | - Elisa Pesenti
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Salvatore Casciaro
- Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Specialty, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Omar Racchi
- Hematology-Oncology Unit - Ospedale Villa Scassi, Genova, Italy
| | - Fabio Ghiotto
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Cecilia Marini
- CNR Institute of Bioimages and Molecular Physiology, Milan, Section of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Gianmario Sambuceti
- IRCCS AOU San Martino - IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy.,Department of Health Science, University of Genova, Genova, Italy
| | - Andrea DeCensi
- Division of Cancer Prevention and Genetics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy.,Division of Medical Oncology, Ospedali Galliera, Genova, Italy
| | - Franco Fais
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.,IRCCS AOU San Martino - IST Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genova, Italy
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Barbieri F, Bajetto A, Thellung S, Würth R, Florio T. Drug design strategies focusing on the CXCR4/CXCR7/CXCL12 pathway in leukemia and lymphoma. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2016; 11:1093-1109. [DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2016.1233176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Boissard F, Fournié JJ, Quillet-Mary A, Ysebaert L, Poupot M. Nurse-like cells mediate ibrutinib resistance in chronic lymphocytic leukemia patients. Blood Cancer J 2015; 5:e355. [PMID: 26430726 PMCID: PMC4635187 DOI: 10.1038/bcj.2015.74] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- F Boissard
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, INSERM UMR1037, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, ERL 5294 CNRS, Toulouse, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence 'TOUCAN', Programme Hospitalo-Universitaire en Cancérologie CAPTOR, Institut Carnot Lymphome CALYM, Pierre-Benite, France
| | - J-J Fournié
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, INSERM UMR1037, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, ERL 5294 CNRS, Toulouse, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence 'TOUCAN', Programme Hospitalo-Universitaire en Cancérologie CAPTOR, Institut Carnot Lymphome CALYM, Pierre-Benite, France
| | - A Quillet-Mary
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, INSERM UMR1037, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, ERL 5294 CNRS, Toulouse, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence 'TOUCAN', Programme Hospitalo-Universitaire en Cancérologie CAPTOR, Institut Carnot Lymphome CALYM, Pierre-Benite, France
| | - L Ysebaert
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, INSERM UMR1037, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, ERL 5294 CNRS, Toulouse, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence 'TOUCAN', Programme Hospitalo-Universitaire en Cancérologie CAPTOR, Institut Carnot Lymphome CALYM, Pierre-Benite, France.,Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse-Oncopole, CHU de Toulouse, France
| | - M Poupot
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse, INSERM UMR1037, Université Toulouse III Paul-Sabatier, ERL 5294 CNRS, Toulouse, France.,Laboratoire d'Excellence 'TOUCAN', Programme Hospitalo-Universitaire en Cancérologie CAPTOR, Institut Carnot Lymphome CALYM, Pierre-Benite, France
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De Cecco L, Capaia M, Zupo S, Cutrona G, Matis S, Brizzolara A, Orengo AM, Croce M, Marchesi E, Ferrarini M, Canevari S, Ferrini S. Interleukin 21 Controls mRNA and MicroRNA Expression in CD40-Activated Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Cells. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0134706. [PMID: 26305332 PMCID: PMC4549109 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0134706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Accepted: 07/13/2015] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Several factors support CLL cell survival in the microenvironment. Under different experimental conditions, IL21 can either induce apoptosis or promote CLL cell survival. To investigate mechanisms involved in the effects of IL21, we studied the ability of IL21 to modulate gene and miRNA expressions in CD40-activated CLL cells. IL21 was a major regulator of chemokine production in CLL cells and it modulated the expression of genes involved in cell movement, metabolism, survival and apoptosis. In particular, IL21 down-regulated the expression of the chemokine genes CCL4, CCL3, CCL3L1, CCL17, and CCL2, while it up-regulated the Th1-related CXCL9 and CXCL10. In addition, IL21 down-regulated the expression of genes encoding signaling molecules, such as CD40, DDR1 and PIK3CD. IL21 modulated a similar set of genes in CLL and normal B-cells (e.g. chemokine genes), whereas other genes, including MYC, TNF, E2F1, EGR2 and GAS-6, were regulated only in CLL cells. An integrated analysis of the miRNome and gene expression indicated that several miRNAs were under IL21 control and these could, in turn, influence the expression of potential target genes. We focused on hsa-miR-663b predicted to down-regulate several relevant genes. Transfection of hsa-miR-663b or its specific antagonist showed that this miRNA regulated CCL17, DDR1, PIK3CD and CD40 gene expression. Our data indicated that IL21 modulates the expression of genes mediating the crosstalk between CLL cells and their microenvironment and miRNAs may take part in this process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loris De Cecco
- Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Matteo Capaia
- Laboratory of Biotherapy, IRCCS-AOU San Martino-IST, Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
| | - Simona Zupo
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, IRCCS-AOU San Martino-IST, Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giovanna Cutrona
- Laboratory of Molecular Diagnostics, IRCCS-AOU San Martino-IST, Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
| | - Serena Matis
- Scientific Direction, IRCCS-AOU San Martino-IST, Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
| | - Antonella Brizzolara
- Laboratory of Biotherapy, IRCCS-AOU San Martino-IST, Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
| | - Anna Maria Orengo
- Laboratory of Biotherapy, IRCCS-AOU San Martino-IST, Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
| | - Michela Croce
- Laboratory of Biotherapy, IRCCS-AOU San Martino-IST, Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
| | - Edoardo Marchesi
- Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
| | - Manlio Ferrarini
- Scientific Direction, IRCCS-AOU San Martino-IST, Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
| | - Silvana Canevari
- Functional Genomics and Bioinformatics, Department of Experimental Oncology and Molecular Medicine, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori, Milan, Italy
- * E-mail: (SF); (SC)
| | - Silvano Ferrini
- Laboratory of Biotherapy, IRCCS-AOU San Martino-IST, Istituto Nazionale per la Ricerca sul Cancro, Genoa, Italy
- * E-mail: (SF); (SC)
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Lu K, Fang XS, Feng LL, Jiang YJ, Zhou XX, Liu X, Li PP, Chen N, Ding M, Wang N, Zhang J, Wang X. The STAT3 inhibitor WP1066 reverses the resistance of chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells to histone deacetylase inhibitors induced by interleukin-6. Cancer Lett 2015; 359:250-8. [PMID: 25636517 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2015.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2014] [Revised: 01/14/2015] [Accepted: 01/17/2015] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic cytokine produced by a variety of cell types, including fibroblasts, endothelial cells, lymphocytes, and bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs). Levels of IL-6 are increased in serum of CLL patients and correlated with adverse clinical features and short survival. In our study, we observed that IL-6 induced the resistance of CLL cells to pan-histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors vorinostat (SAHA) and panobinostat (LBH589). Furthermore, low concentrations of SAHA and LBH589 enhanced the activation of the signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) signaling pathway induced by IL-6 in CLL cells. All of these effects were blocked by the STAT3-selective inhibitor, WP1066. Meanwhile, WP1066 decreased the expressions of Mcl-1 and Bcl-xL protein induced by IL-6 with or without low concentrations of HDAC inhibitors. Co-culture of CLL cells with BMSCs could also facilitate the activation of STAT3 and protected CLL cells from apoptosis when treated with HDAC inhibitors, and this cytoprotection was reversed by WP1066. The present study indicated that IL-6 or co-culture with BMSCs prevented HDAC inhibitor-induced apoptosis of CLL cells. This prevention was mediated by activation of the STAT3 signaling pathway. Moreover, WP1066 reversed the resistance of CLL cells to SAHA and LBH589 induced by either IL-6 or co-culture with BMSCs. Our findings suggest that targeting the STAT3 pathway may be a novel way to improve the efficacy of the HDAC inhibitor in CLL patients by overcoming antiapoptotic signaling of the microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kang Lu
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Xiao-sheng Fang
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Li-li Feng
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Yu-jie Jiang
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Xiang-xiang Zhou
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Xin Liu
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Pei-pei Li
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Na Chen
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Mei Ding
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Na Wang
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Central Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Hematology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China; Institute of Diagnostics, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250012, China.
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Boissinot M, Vilaine M, Hermouet S. The Hepatocyte Growth Factor (HGF)/Met Axis: A Neglected Target in the Treatment of Chronic Myeloproliferative Neoplasms? Cancers (Basel) 2014; 6:1631-69. [PMID: 25119536 DOI: 10.3390/cancers6031631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2014] [Revised: 08/04/2014] [Accepted: 08/04/2014] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Met is the receptor of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), a cytoprotective cytokine. Disturbing the equilibrium between Met and its ligand may lead to inappropriate cell survival, accumulation of genetic abnormalities and eventually, malignancy. Abnormal activation of the HGF/Met axis is established in solid tumours and in chronic haematological malignancies, including myeloma, acute myeloid leukaemia, chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML), and myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs). The molecular mechanisms potentially responsible for the abnormal activation of HGF/Met pathways are described and discussed. Importantly, inCML and in MPNs, the production of HGF is independent of Bcr-Abl and JAK2V617F, the main molecular markers of these diseases. In vitro studies showed that blocking HGF/Met function with neutralizing antibodies or Met inhibitors significantly impairs the growth of JAK2V617F-mutated cells. With personalised medicine and curative treatment in view, blocking activation of HGF/Met could be a useful addition in the treatment of CML and MPNs for those patients with high HGF/MET expression not controlled by current treatments (Bcr-Abl inhibitors in CML; phlebotomy, hydroxurea, JAK inhibitors in MPNs).
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Giannoni P, Pietra G, Travaini G, Quarto R, Shyti G, Benelli R, Ottaggio L, Mingari MC, Zupo S, Cutrona G, Pierri I, Balleari E, Pattarozzi A, Calvaruso M, Tripodo C, Ferrarini M, de Totero D. Chronic lymphocytic leukemia nurse-like cells express hepatocyte growth factor receptor (c-MET) and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase and display features of immunosuppressive type 2 skewed macrophages. Haematologica 2014; 99:1078-87. [PMID: 24561793 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2013.091405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatocyte growth factor, produced by stromal and follicular dendritic cells, and present at high concentrations in the sera of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia, prolongs the survival of leukemic B cells by interacting with their receptor, c-MET. It is, however, unknown whether hepatocyte growth factor influences microenvironmental cells, such as nurse-like cells, which deliver survival signals to the leukemic clone. We evaluated the expression of c-MET on nurse-like cells and monocytes from patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia and searched for phenotypic/functional features supposed to be influenced by the hepatocyte growth factor/c-MET interaction. c-MET is expressed at high levels on nurse-like cells and at significantly higher levels than normal on monocytes from patients. Moreover, the hepatocyte growth factor/c-MET interaction activates STAT3(TYR705) phosphorylation in nurse-like cells. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, an enzyme modulating T-cell proliferation and induced on normal monocytes after hepatocyte growth factor treatment, was detected together with interleukin-10 on nurse-like cells, and on freshly-prepared patients' monocytes. Immunohistochemical/immunostaining analyses demonstrated the presence of c-MET(+) and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase(+) cells in lymph node biopsies, co-expressed with CD68 and vimentin. Furthermore nurse-like cells and chronic lymphocytic monocytes significantly inhibited T-cell proliferation, prevented by anti-transforming growth factor beta and interleukin-10 antibodies and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase inhibitors, and supported CD4(+)CD25(high+)/FOXP3(+) T regulatory cell expansion. We suggest that nurse-like cells display features of immunosuppressive type 2 macrophages: higher hepatocyte growth factor levels, produced by leukemic or other microenvironmental surrounding cells, may cooperate to induce M2 polarization. Hepatocyte growth factor may thus have a dual pathophysiological role: directly through enhancement of survival of the leukemic clone and indirectly by favoring T-cell immunosuppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paolo Giannoni
- Dept. of Experimental Medicine (Di.Me.S), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Gabriella Pietra
- Dept. of Experimental Medicine (Di.Me.S), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giorgia Travaini
- Transfer Gene Laboratory, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
| | - Rodolfo Quarto
- Dept. of Experimental Medicine (Di.Me.S), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Genti Shyti
- Dept. of Experimental Medicine (Di.Me.S), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Roberto Benelli
- Immunology, Dept. of Integrated Oncology Therapies, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
| | - Laura Ottaggio
- Pathology and Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Dept. of Service, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
| | - Maria Cristina Mingari
- Dept. of Experimental Medicine (Di.Me.S), University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy Excellence Center for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy Immunology, Dept. of Integrated Oncology Therapies, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
| | - Simona Zupo
- Pathology and Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Dept. of Service, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giovanna Cutrona
- Pathology and Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, Dept. of Service, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
| | - Ivana Pierri
- Clinical Oncohematology, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy
| | - Enrico Balleari
- Clinic of Internal Medicine 3, Dept. of Hematology, IRCCS AOU San Martino-IST, Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Marco Calvaruso
- Pathological Anatomy, Tumor Immunology Unit, Dept. of Science for Health Promotion and Maternal Infantile "G. D'Alessandro", Palermo, Italy
| | - Claudio Tripodo
- Pathological Anatomy, Tumor Immunology Unit, Dept. of Science for Health Promotion and Maternal Infantile "G. D'Alessandro", Palermo, Italy
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Tuna H, Avdiushko RG, Sindhava VJ, Wedlund L, Kaetzel CS, Kaplan AM, Bondada S, Cohen DA. Regulation of the mucosal phenotype in dendritic cells by PPARγ: role of tissue microenvironment. J Leukoc Biol 2013; 95:471-85. [PMID: 24295831 DOI: 10.1189/jlb.0713408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Mucosal DCs play a critical role in tissue homeostasis. Several stimuli can induce a mucosal phenotype; however, molecular pathways that regulate development of mucosal DC function are relatively unknown. This study sought to determine whether PPARγ contributes to the development of the "mucosal" phenotype in mouse DCs. Experiments demonstrated that PPARγ activation in BMDCs induced an immunosuppressive phenotype in which BMDCs had reduced expression of MHC class II and costimulatory molecules, increased IL-10 secretion, and reduced the ability to induce CD4 T cell proliferation. Activation of PPARγ enhanced the ability of BMDC to polarize CD4 T cells toward iTregs and to induce T cell expression of the mucosal homing receptor, CCR9. Activation of PPARγ increased the ability of BMDCs to induce T cell-independent IgA production in B cells. BMDCs from PPARγ(ΔDC) mice displayed enhanced expression of costimulatory molecules, enhanced proinflammatory cytokine production, and decreased IL-10 synthesis. Contrary to the inflammatory BMDC phenotype in vitro, PPARγ(ΔDC) mice showed no change in the frequency or phenotype of mDC in the colon. In contrast, mDCs in the lungs were increased significantly in PPARγ(ΔDC) mice. A modest increase in colitis severity was observed in DSS-treated PPARγ(ΔDC) mice compared with control. These results indicate that PPARγ activation induces a mucosal phenotype in mDCs and that loss of PPARγ promotes an inflammatory phenotype. However, the intestinal microenvironment in vivo can maintain the mucosal DC phenotype of via PPARγ-independent mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halide Tuna
- 1.Immunology and Molecular Genetics, University of Kentucky, 800 Rose St., Room MS419, Lexington, KY 40536-0298, USA.
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Gatti M, Pattarozzi A, Bajetto A, Würth R, Daga A, Fiaschi P, Zona G, Florio T, Barbieri F. Inhibition of CXCL12/CXCR4 autocrine/paracrine loop reduces viability of human glioblastoma stem-like cells affecting self-renewal activity. Toxicology 2013; 314:209-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2013.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2013] [Revised: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/12/2013] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Wong RSY, Cheong SK. Role of mesenchymal stem cells in leukaemia: Dr. Jekyll or Mr. Hyde? Clin Exp Med 2013; 14:235-48. [DOI: 10.1007/s10238-013-0247-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2012] [Accepted: 06/08/2013] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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Pontikoglou C, Kastrinaki MC, Klaus M, Kalpadakis C, Katonis P, Alpantaki K, Pangalis GA, Papadaki HA. Study of the quantitative, functional, cytogenetic, and immunoregulatory properties of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in patients with B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. Stem Cells Dev 2013; 22:1329-41. [PMID: 23249221 DOI: 10.1089/scd.2012.0255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The bone marrow (BM) microenvironment has clearly been implicated in the pathogenesis of B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia (B-CLL). However, the potential involvement of BM stromal progenitors, the mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), in the pathophysiology of the disease has not been extensively investigated. We expanded in vitro BM-MSCs from B-CLL patients (n=11) and healthy individuals (n=16) and comparatively assessed their reserves, proliferative potential, differentiation capacity, and immunoregulatory effects on T- and B-cells. We also evaluated the anti-apoptotic effect of patient-derived MSCs on leukemic cells and studied their cytogenetic characteristics in comparison to BM hematopoietic cells. B-CLL-derived BM MSCs exhibit a similar phenotype, differentiation potential, and ability to suppress T-cell proliferative responses as compared with MSCs from normal controls. Furthermore, they do not carry the cytogenetic abnormalities of the leukemic clone, and they exert a similar anti-apoptotic effect on leukemic cells and healthy donor-derived B-cells, as their normal counterparts. On the other hand, MSCs from B-CLL patients significantly promote normal B-cell proliferation and IgG production, in contrast to healthy-donor-derived MSCs. Furthermore, they have impaired reserves, defective cellular growth due to increased apoptotic cell death and exhibit aberrant production of stromal cell-derived factor 1, B-cell activating factor, a proliferation inducing ligand, and transforming growth factor β1, cytokines that are crucial for the survival/nourishing of the leukemic cells. We conclude that ex vivo expanded B-CLL-derived MSCs harbor intrinsic qualitative and quantitative abnormalities that may be implicated in disease development and/or progression.
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Jahangiri A, De Lay M, Miller LM, Carbonell WS, Hu YL, Lu K, Tom MW, Paquette J, Tokuyasu TA, Tsao S, Marshall R, Perry A, Bjorgan KM, Chaumeil MM, Ronen SM, Bergers G, Aghi MK. Gene expression profile identifies tyrosine kinase c-Met as a targetable mediator of antiangiogenic therapy resistance. Clin Cancer Res 2013; 19:1773-83. [PMID: 23307858 DOI: 10.1158/1078-0432.ccr-12-1281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify mediators of glioblastoma antiangiogenic therapy resistance and target these mediators in xenografts. EXPERIMENTAL DESIGN We conducted microarray analysis comparing bevacizumab-resistant glioblastomas (BRG) with pretreatment tumors from the same patients. We established novel xenograft models of antiangiogenic therapy resistance to target candidate resistance mediator(s). RESULTS BRG microarray analysis revealed upregulation versus pretreatment of receptor tyrosine kinase c-Met, which underwent further investigation because of its prior biologic plausibility as a bevacizumab resistance mediator. BRGs exhibited increased hypoxia versus pretreatment in a manner correlating with their c-Met upregulation, increased c-Met phosphorylation, and increased phosphorylation of c-Met-activated focal adhesion kinase and STAT3. We developed 2 novel xenograft models of antiangiogenic therapy resistance. In the first model, serial bevacizumab treatment of an initially responsive xenograft generated a xenograft with acquired bevacizumab resistance, which exhibited upregulated c-Met expression versus pretreatment. In the second model, a BRG-derived xenograft maintained refractoriness to the MRI tumor vasculature alterations and survival-promoting effects of bevacizumab. Growth of this BRG-derived xenograft was inhibited by a c-Met inhibitor. Transducing these xenograft cells with c-Met short hairpin RNA inhibited their invasion and survival in hypoxia, disrupted their mesenchymal morphology, and converted them from bevacizumab-resistant to bevacizumab-responsive. Engineering bevacizumab-responsive cells to express constitutively active c-Met caused these cells to form bevacizumab-resistant xenografts. CONCLUSION These findings support the role of c-Met in survival in hypoxia and invasion, features associated with antiangiogenic therapy resistance, and growth and therapeutic resistance of xenografts resistant to antiangiogenic therapy. Therapeutically targeting c-Met could prevent or overcome antiangiogenic therapy resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arman Jahangiri
- Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94158, USA
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21
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Boyd NL, Nunes SS, Krishnan L, Jokinen JD, Ramakrishnan VM, Bugg AR, Hoying JB. Dissecting the role of human embryonic stem cell-derived mesenchymal cells in human umbilical vein endothelial cell network stabilization in three-dimensional environments. Tissue Eng Part A 2012; 19:211-23. [PMID: 22971005 DOI: 10.1089/ten.tea.2011.0408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The microvasculature is principally composed of two cell types: endothelium and mural support cells. Multiple sources are available for human endothelial cells (ECs) but sources for human microvascular mural cells (MCs) are limited. We derived multipotent mesenchymal progenitor cells from human embryonic stem cells (hES-MC) that can function as an MC and stabilize human EC networks in three-dimensional (3D) collagen-fibronectin culture by paracrine mechanisms. Here, we have investigated the basis for hES-MC-mediated stabilization and identified the pleiotropic growth factor hepatocyte growth factor/scatter factor (HGF/SF) as a putative hES-MC-derived regulator of EC network stabilization in 3D in vitro culture. Pharmacological inhibition of the HGF receptor (Met) (1 μm SU11274) inhibits EC network formation in the presence of hES-MC. hES-MC produce and release HGF while human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) do not. When HUVEC are cultured alone the networks collapse, but in the presence of recombinant human HGF or conditioned media from human HGF-transduced cells significantly more networks persist. In addition, HUVEC transduced to constitutively express human HGF also form stable networks by autocrine mechanisms. By enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, the coculture media were enriched in both angiopoietin-1 (Ang1) and angiopoietin-2 (Ang2), but at significantly different levels (Ang1=159±15 pg/mL vs. Ang2=30,867±2685 pg/mL) contributed by hES-MC and HUVEC, respectively. Although the coculture cells formed stabile network architectures, their morphology suggests the assembly of an immature plexus. When HUVEC and hES-MC were implanted subcutaneously in immune compromised Rag1 mice, hES-MC increased their contact with HUVEC along the axis of the vessel. This data suggests that HUVEC and hES-MC form an immature plexus mediated in part by HGF and angiopoietins that is capable of maturation under the correct environmental conditions (e.g., in vivo). Therefore, hES-MC can function as microvascular MCs and may be a useful cell source for testing EC-MC interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nolan L Boyd
- Cardiovascular Innovation Institute, University of Louisville, Louisville, Kentucky, USA.
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Campioni D, Bardi MA, Cavazzini F, Tammiso E, Pezzolo E, Pregnolato E, Volta E, Cuneo A, Lanza F. Cytogenetic and molecular cytogenetic profile of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells in chronic and acute lymphoproliferative disorders. Ann Hematol 2012; 91:1563-77. [DOI: 10.1007/s00277-012-1500-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2012] [Accepted: 05/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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Gangemi R, Mirisola V, Barisione G, Fabbi M, Brizzolara A, Lanza F, Mosci C, Salvi S, Gualco M, Truini M, Angelini G, Boccardo S, Cilli M, Airoldi I, Queirolo P, Jager MJ, Daga A, Pfeffer U, Ferrini S. Mda-9/syntenin is expressed in uveal melanoma and correlates with metastatic progression. PLoS One 2012; 7:e29989. [PMID: 22267972 PMCID: PMC3258266 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0029989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2011] [Accepted: 12/09/2011] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Uveal melanoma is an aggressive cancer that metastasizes to the liver in about half of the patients, with a high lethality rate. Identification of patients at high risk of metastases may provide indication for a frequent follow-up for early detection of metastases and treatment. The analysis of the gene expression profiles of primary human uveal melanomas showed high expression of SDCBP gene (encoding for syndecan-binding protein-1 or mda-9/syntenin), which appeared higher in patients with recurrence, whereas expression of syndecans was lower and unrelated to progression. Moreover, we found that high expression of SDCBP gene was related to metastatic progression in two additional independent datasets of uveal melanoma patients. More importantly, immunohistochemistry showed that high expression of mda-9/syntenin protein in primary tumors was significantly related to metastatic recurrence in our cohort of patients. Mda-9/syntenin expression was confirmed by RT-PCR, immunofluorescence and immunohistochemistry in cultured uveal melanoma cells or primary tumors. Interestingly, mda-9/syntenin showed both cytoplasmic and nuclear localization in cell lines and in a fraction of patients, suggesting its possible involvement in nuclear functions. A pseudo-metastatic model of uveal melanoma to the liver was developed in NOD/SCID/IL2Rγ null mice and the study of mda-9/syntenin expression in primary and metastatic lesions revealed higher mda-9/syntenin in metastases. The inhibition of SDCBP expression by siRNA impaired the ability of uveal melanoma cells to migrate in a wound-healing assay. Moreover, silencing of SDCBP in mda-9/syntenin-high uveal melanoma cells inhibited the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)-triggered invasion of matrigel membranes and inhibited the activation of FAK, AKT and Src. Conversely syntenin overexpression in mda-9/syntenin-low uveal melanoma cells mediated opposite effects. These results suggest that mda-9/syntenin is involved in uveal melanoma progression and that it warrants further investigation as a candidate molecular marker of metastases and a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosaria Gangemi
- Immunological Therapy Laboratory, National Cancer Research Institute, University Hospital San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Valentina Mirisola
- Laboratory of Integrated Molecular Pathology, National Cancer Research Institute, University Hospital San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Gaia Barisione
- Immunological Therapy Laboratory, National Cancer Research Institute, University Hospital San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marina Fabbi
- Immunological Therapy Laboratory, National Cancer Research Institute, University Hospital San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Antonella Brizzolara
- Immunological Therapy Laboratory, National Cancer Research Institute, University Hospital San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesco Lanza
- Ophthalmic Oncology Center, E.O. Galliera Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Carlo Mosci
- Ophthalmic Oncology Center, E.O. Galliera Hospital, Genoa, Italy
| | - Sandra Salvi
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Research Institute, University Hospital San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Marina Gualco
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Research Institute, University Hospital San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Mauro Truini
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Research Institute, University Hospital San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Giovanna Angelini
- Laboratory of Integrated Molecular Pathology, National Cancer Research Institute, University Hospital San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Simona Boccardo
- Department of Pathology, National Cancer Research Institute, University Hospital San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Michele Cilli
- Animal Model Facility, National Cancer Research Institute, University Hospital San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Irma Airoldi
- AIRC Laboratory of Immunology and Tumors, Department of Experimental and Laboratory Medicine, G. Gaslini Institute, Genova, Italy
| | - Paola Queirolo
- Medical Oncology, National Cancer Research Institute, University Hospital San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Martine J. Jager
- Departments of Ophthalmology, Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC), Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Antonio Daga
- Gene Transfer Laboratory, National Cancer Research Institute, University Hospital San Martino, Genoa, Italy
| | - Ulrich Pfeffer
- Laboratory of Integrated Molecular Pathology, National Cancer Research Institute, University Hospital San Martino, Genoa, Italy
- * E-mail:
| | - Silvano Ferrini
- Immunological Therapy Laboratory, National Cancer Research Institute, University Hospital San Martino, Genoa, Italy
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24
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Maffei R, Fiorcari S, Bulgarelli J, Martinelli S, Castelli I, Deaglio S, Debbia G, Fontana M, Coluccio V, Bonacorsi G, Zucchini P, Narni F, Torelli G, Luppi M, Marasca R. Physical contact with endothelial cells through β1- and β2- integrins rescues chronic lymphocytic leukemia cells from spontaneous and drug-induced apoptosis and induces a peculiar gene expression profile in leukemic cells. Haematologica 2011; 97:952-60. [PMID: 22207686 DOI: 10.3324/haematol.2011.054924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells display prolonged survival in vivo, but when cultured in vitro rapidly undergo spontaneous apoptosis. We hypothesize that interactions with endothelial cells in infiltrated tissues and during recirculation may have a pathogenic role in chronic lymphocytic leukemia. DESIGN AND METHODS We evaluated apoptosis of leukemic cells after co-culture on a monolayer of human umbilical vein endothelial cells with addition of fludarabine and antibodies that block adhesion. Then, we compared microarray-based gene expression profiles between leukemic cells at baseline and after co-culture. RESULTS We found that the endothelial layer protected leukemic cells from apoptosis inducing a 2-fold mean decrement in apoptotic cells after 2 days of co-culture. Moreover, the endothelial layer decreased the sensitivity of chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells to fludarabine-induced apoptosis. Physical contact with endothelium mediated by both β(1)- and β(2)- integrins is essential for the survival advantage of leukemic cells. In particular, blocking CD106 on endothelial cells or CD18 on leukemic B cells led to the almost complete abrogation of the survival advantage (>70% inhibition of viability). However, a reduction of apoptosis was also measured in leukemic cells cultured in conditioned medium collected after 2 days of co-culture, implying that survival is partially mediated by soluble factors. Overall, the contact with endothelial cells modulated 1,944 genes in chronic lymphocytic leukemia B cells, establishing a peculiar gene expression profile: up-regulation of angiogenesis-related genes, an increase of genes involved in TGFβ and Wnt signaling pathways, secretion of cytokines recruiting stromal cells and macrophages and up-regulation of anti-apoptotic molecules such as Bcl2 and Survivin. CONCLUSIONS Our study supports the notion that endothelial cells are major players in the chronic lymphocytic leukemia microenvironment. Adhesion to endothelium strongly supports survival, protects from drug-induced apoptosis and extensively modifies the gene expression profile of leukemic cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rossana Maffei
- Hematology Unit, Department of Oncology, Hematology and Respiratory Diseases, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy
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