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Sieminska I, Pieniawska M, Grzywa TM. The Immunology of Psoriasis-Current Concepts in Pathogenesis. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2024:10.1007/s12016-024-08991-7. [PMID: 38642273 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-024-08991-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/22/2024]
Abstract
Psoriasis is one of the most common inflammatory skin diseases with a chronic, relapsing-remitting course. The last decades of intense research uncovered a pathological network of interactions between immune cells and other types of cells in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Emerging evidence indicates that dendritic cells, TH17 cells, and keratinocytes constitute a pathogenic triad in psoriasis. Dendritic cells produce TNF-α and IL-23 to promote T cell differentiation toward TH17 cells that produce key psoriatic cytokines IL-17, IFN-γ, and IL-22. Their activity results in skin inflammation and activation and hyperproliferation of keratinocytes. In addition, other cells and signaling pathways are implicated in the pathogenesis of psoriasis, including TH9 cells, TH22 cells, CD8+ cytotoxic cells, neutrophils, γδ T cells, and cytokines and chemokines secreted by them. New insights from high-throughput analysis of lesional skin identified novel signaling pathways and cell populations involved in the pathogenesis. These studies not only expanded our knowledge about the mechanisms of immune response and the pathogenesis of psoriasis but also resulted in a revolution in the clinical management of patients with psoriasis. Thus, understanding the mechanisms of immune response in psoriatic inflammation is crucial for further studies, the development of novel therapeutic strategies, and the clinical management of psoriasis patients. The aim of the review was to comprehensively present the dysregulation of immune response in psoriasis with an emphasis on recent findings. Here, we described the role of immune cells, including T cells, B cells, dendritic cells, neutrophils, monocytes, mast cells, and innate lymphoid cells (ILCs), as well as non-immune cells, including keratinocytes, fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and platelets in the initiation, development, and progression of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Sieminska
- University Centre of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agriculture in Krakow, Krakow, Poland
| | - Monika Pieniawska
- Institute of Human Genetics, Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Tomasz M Grzywa
- Laboratory of Immunology, Mossakowski Medical Research Institute, Polish Academy of Sciences, Warsaw, Poland.
- Department of Methodology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland.
- The Raymond G. Perelman Center for Cellular and Molecular Therapeutics, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, USA.
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Klein F, Dinesh S, Fiedler D, Grün K, Schrepper A, Bogoviku J, Bäz L, Pfeil A, Kretzschmar D, Schulze PC, Möbius-Winkler S, Franz M. Identification of Serum Interleukin-22 as Novel Biomarker in Pulmonary Hypertension: A Translational Study. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3985. [PMID: 38612795 PMCID: PMC11012889 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2024] [Revised: 03/30/2024] [Accepted: 03/31/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Growing evidence suggests the crucial involvement of inflammation in the pathogenesis of pulmonary hypertension (PH). The current study analyzed the expression of interleukin (IL)-17a and IL-22 as potential biomarkers for PH in a preclinical rat model of PH as well as the serum levels in a PH patient collective. PH was induced by monocrotalin (60 mg/kg body weight s.c.) in 10 Sprague Dawley rats (PH) and compared to 6 sham-treated controls (CON) as well as 10 monocrotalin-induced, macitentan-treated rats (PH_MAC). Lung and cardiac tissues were subjected to histological and immunohistochemical analysis for the ILs, and their serum levels were quantified using ELISA. Serum IL levels were also measured in a PH patient cohort. IL-22 expression was significantly increased in the lungs of the PH and PH_MAC groups (p = 0.002), whereas increased IL17a expression was demonstrated only in the lungs and RV of the PH (p < 0.05) but not the PH_MAC group (p = n.s.). The PH group showed elevated serum concentrations for IL-22 (p = 0.04) and IL-17a (p = 0.008). Compared to the PH group, the PH_MAC group demonstrated a decrease in IL-22 (p = 0.021) but not IL17a (p = n.s.). In the PH patient collective (n = 92), increased serum levels of IL-22 but not IL-17a could be shown (p < 0.0001). This elevation remained significant across the different etiological groups (p < 0.05). Correlation analysis revealed multiple significant relations between IL-22 and various clinical, laboratory, functional and hemodynamic parameters. IL-22 could serve as a promising inflammatory biomarker of PH with potential value for initial diagnosis, functional classification or even prognosis estimation. Its validation in larger patients' cohorts regarding outcome and survival data, as well as the probability of promising therapeutic target structures, remains the object of further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Friederike Klein
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany; (F.K.)
| | - Sandesh Dinesh
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany; (F.K.)
| | - Desiree Fiedler
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany; (F.K.)
| | - Katja Grün
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany; (F.K.)
| | - Andrea Schrepper
- Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University Hospital Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Jürgen Bogoviku
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany; (F.K.)
| | - Laura Bäz
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany; (F.K.)
| | - Alexander Pfeil
- Department of Internal Medicine III, University Hospital Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany
| | - Daniel Kretzschmar
- Herz-und Gefäßmedizin Goslar (HUGG), Goslar, Fleischscharren 4, 38640 Goslar, Germany
| | - P. Christian Schulze
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany; (F.K.)
| | - Sven Möbius-Winkler
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany; (F.K.)
| | - Marcus Franz
- Department of Internal Medicine I, University Hospital Jena, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany; (F.K.)
- Department of Cardiology, Angiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Cardiovascular Center Rotenburg Klinikum Hersfeld-Rotenburg, Heinz-Meise-Straße 100, 36199 Rotenburg an der Fulda, Germany
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Li Z, Wang S, Xu Q, Su X, Wang Y, Wang L, Zhang Y. The double roles of T cell-mediated immune response in the progression of MASLD. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 173:116333. [PMID: 38479177 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2024] [Revised: 02/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease(MASLD), formerly known as non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD), has become a major cause of chronic liver disease and a significant risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma, which poses a huge burden on global public health and economy. MASLD includes steatotic liver disease, steatohepatitis, and cirrhosis, and the latter two cause great harm to human health and life, even complicated with liver cancer. Immunologic mechanism plays a major role in promoting its development into hepatitis and cirrhosis. Now more and more evidences show that T cells play an important role in the progression of MASLD. In this review, we discuss the double roles of T cells in MASLD from the perspective of T cell response pathways, as well as new evidences regarding the possible application of immunomodulatory therapy in MASH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zigan Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, China
| | - Shujun Wang
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Qinchen Xu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, China
| | - Xin Su
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, China
| | - Yunshan Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong Province 250021, China
| | - Lina Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Hospital, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250033, China.
| | - Yong Zhang
- Shandong Provincial Third Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong Province 250031, China.
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Hernandez-Nicols BF, Robledo-Pulido JJ, Alvarado-Navarro A. Etiopathogenesis of Psoriasis: Integration of Proposed Theories. Immunol Invest 2024; 53:348-415. [PMID: 38240030 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2024.2302823] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by squamous and erythematous plaques on the skin and the involvement of the immune system. Global prevalence for psoriasis has been reported around 1-3% with a higher incidence in adults and similar proportions between men and women. The risk factors associated with psoriasis are both extrinsic and intrinsic, out of which a polygenic predisposition is a highlight out of the latter. Psoriasis etiology is not yet fully described, but several hypothesis have been proposed: 1) the autoimmunity hypothesis is based on the over-expression of antimicrobial peptides such as LL-37, the proteins ADAMTSL5, K17, and hsp27, or lipids synthesized by the PLA2G4D enzyme, all of which may serve as autoantigens to promote the differentiation of autoreactive lymphocytes T and unleash a chronic inflammatory response; 2) dysbiosis of skin microbiota hypothesis in psoriasis has gained relevance due to the observations of a loss of diversity and the participation of pathogenic bacteria such as Streptococcus spp. or Staphylococcus spp. the fungi Malassezia spp. or Candida spp. and the virus HPV, HCV, or HIV in psoriatic plaques; 3) the oxidative stress hypothesis, the most recent one, describes that the cell injury and the release of proinflammatory mediators and antimicrobial peptides that leads to activate of the Th1/Th17 axis observed in psoriasis is caused by a higher release of reactive oxygen species and the imbalance between oxidant and antioxidant mechanisms. This review aims to describe the mechanisms involved in the three hypotheses on the etiopathogeneses of psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brenda Fernanda Hernandez-Nicols
- Centro de Investigación en Inmunología y Dermatología, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Juan José Robledo-Pulido
- Centro de Investigación en Inmunología y Dermatología, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
| | - Anabell Alvarado-Navarro
- Centro de Investigación en Inmunología y Dermatología, Departamento de Fisiología, Centro Universitario de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Guadalajara, Guadalajara, Mexico
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Hanna J, de la Roche M. Hedgehog signalling in CD4 + T helper cell polarisation. Int J Biochem Cell Biol 2024; 168:106518. [PMID: 38216086 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocel.2024.106518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 01/14/2024]
Abstract
CD4+ T cells are critical in orchestrating immune responses against various pathogens and cancer but can also be drivers of autoimmune disease, allergy and pro-tumour responses. Naïve CD4+ T cells polarise into specialised T helper cell subsets with unique effector functions. While the guiding transcription factors and effector molecules of the T helper cell lineages are well understood, the signalling pathways orchestrating the intricate T helper cell polarisation programmes remain poorly understood. Here we review an emerging role of Hedgehog signalling - a classical morphogen signalling pathway - in T helper cell polarisation. Importantly, the Hedgehog pathway is pharmacologically highly tractable and existing clinically-approved Hedgehog inhibitors may prove useful therapeutic modulators of T helper cell-driven immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joachim Hanna
- University of Cambridge, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Maike de la Roche
- University of Cambridge, Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK.
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Xu S, Wu Z, Chen H. Construction and evaluation of immune-related diagnostic model in patients with heart failure caused by idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2024; 24:92. [PMID: 38321374 PMCID: PMC10845749 DOI: 10.1186/s12872-023-03666-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The purpose of the study was to construct the potential diagnostic model of immune-related genes during the development of heart failure caused by idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy. METHOD GSE5406 and GSE57338 were downloaded from the GEO website ( https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/geo/ ). CIBERSORT was used for the evaluation of immune infiltration in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) of GSE5406. Differently expressed genes were calculated by the limma R package and visualized by the volcano plot. The immune-related genes were downloaded from Immport, TISIDB, and InnateDB. Then the immune-related differential genes (IRDGs) were acquired from the intersection. Protein-protein interaction network (PPI) and Cytoscape were used to visualize the hub genes. Three machine learning methods such as random forest, logical regression, and elastic network regression model were adopted to construct the prediction model. The diagnostic value was also validated in GSE57338. RESULTS Our study demonstrated the obvious different ratio of T cell CD4 memory activated, T cell regulatory Tregs, and neutrophils between DCM and control donors. As many as 2139 differential genes and 274 immune-related different genes were identified. These genes were mainly enriched in lipid and atherosclerosis, human cytomegalovirus infection, and cytokine-cytokine receptor interaction. At the same time, as many as fifteen hub genes were identified as the IRDGs (IFITM3, IFITM2, IFITM1, IFIT3, IFIT1, HLA-A, HLA-B, HLA-C, ADAR, STAT1, SAMHD1, RSAD2, MX1, ISG20, IRF2). Moreover, we also discovered that the elastic network and logistic regression models had a higher diagnostic value than that of random forest models based on these hub genes. CONCLUSION Our study demonstrated the pivotal role of immune function during the development of heart failure caused by DCM. This study may offer new opportunities for the detection and intervention of immune-related DCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sichi Xu
- Department of Cardiology, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tong Ji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430014, China
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Diagnosis of Hubei Province, The Central Hospital of Wuhan, Tong Ji Medica College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430014, China
| | - Zhaogui Wu
- Department of Cardiology, Xiangyang No.1 People's Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Xiangyang, Hubei, China
| | - Haihua Chen
- Emergency Center, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China.
- Hubei Clinical Research Center for Emergency and Resuscitation, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, Hubei, China.
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Yi K, Tian M, Li X. The Influence of Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases on Viral Pneumonia Development, Including COVID-19: A Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization Study. Pathogens 2024; 13:101. [PMID: 38392839 PMCID: PMC10893279 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens13020101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 02/25/2024] Open
Abstract
The association between thyroid function and viral pneumonia has undergone extensive examination, yet the presence of a causal link remains uncertain. The objective of this paper was to employ Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the connections between three thyroid diseases and thyroid hormone indicators with viral pneumonia and COVID-19. We obtained summary statistics datasets from seven genome-wide association studies (GWASs). The primary method used for estimating relationships was inverse-variance weighting (IVW). In addition, we employed weighted median, weighted mode, MR-Egger, and MR-PRESSO as supplementary analytical tools. Sensitivity analyses encompassed Cochran's Q test, MR-Egger intercept test, and MR-PRESSO. Our study revealed significant causal relationships between having a genetic predisposition to autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD) and an increased susceptibility to viral pneumonia (odds ratio [OR]: 1.096; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.022-1.176). Moreover, it demonstrated a heightened susceptibility and severity of COVID-19 (OR for COVID-19 susceptibility, COVID-19 hospitalization, and COVID-19 critical illness, with 95% CIs of 1.016, 1.001-1.032; 1.058, 1.003-1.116; 1.045, 1.010-1.081). However, no statistically significant associations were found between TSH, FT4, subclinical hypo- or hyperthyroidism, and the risk of viral pneumonia incidence, or the susceptibility and severity of COVID-19 (all p > 0.05). This study establishes a cause-and-effect relationship between AITD and the development of viral pneumonia, as well as the susceptibility and severity of COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Yi
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China;
| | - Mingjie Tian
- Shanghai Deji Hospital, Qingdao University, Shanghai 200331, China;
| | - Xue Li
- School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China;
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Li J, Zhang J, Guo C, Lin P, Shen Q, Lin H, Zhang Y. Bibliometric analysis and description of research trends on T cells in psoriasis over the past two decades (2003-2022). Heliyon 2024; 10:e23542. [PMID: 38169994 PMCID: PMC10758876 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e23542] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Background It is now understood that T cells play a key role in the occurrence and development of psoriasis. Herein, a bibliometric analysis was conducted to summarize the content and trends of T cell-related research in psoriasis. Methods A bibliometric analysis was conducted on publications pertaining to T cells in psoriasis between 2003 and 2022 retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection (WoSCC) database using tools such as CiteSpace, the Bibliometrix R package, and VOSviewer. Results The study included a total of 3595 articles authored by 14,188 individuals, including all coauthors in article bylines. The Laboratory for Investigative Dermatology at Rockefeller University, led by James G Krueger, has made significant contributions to this field through focusing on the pathogenesis of psoriasis and exploring the potential of using biological agents to treat psoriasis. Furthermore, targeted inhibitors have significantly impacted the treatment of psoriasis, with researchers focusing on small-molecule targeted drugs as a new area of research that could potentially replace biological agents. Conclusions Research has established the efficacy and long-term safety of targeted inhibition of T cell-related targets. Deucravacitinib, a psoriasis treatment drug targeting TYK2 as an allosteric inhibitor, has attracted significant attention and raised high expectations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junchen Li
- Graduate school, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianfeng Zhang
- Graduate school, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Chenqi Guo
- Graduate school, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Peng Lin
- Graduate school, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Qian Shen
- Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Haiyue Lin
- Dermatology department, Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Dermatology department, Tianjin Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine Affiliated Hospital, Tianjin, China
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Knott-Torcal C, de la Blanca NS, Serrano-Somavilla A, Hernández RM, Sampedro-Núñez M, Ruiz-Rosso B, Jiménez-Blanco S, González-Amaro R, González-Baranda L, Garcimartin A, Marazuela M. Quantitative analysis of Tr1 lymphocytes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. J Endocrinol Invest 2024:10.1007/s40618-023-02250-w. [PMID: 38183564 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-023-02250-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is usually accompanied by a low-grade inflammatory phenomenon, which participates in the pathogenesis of different complications of this condition. The inflammatory response is under the regulation of different mechanisms, including T regulatory (Treg) lymphocytes. However, the possible role of type 1 T regulatory (Tr1) cells in T2DM has not been explored so far. AIM To carry out a quantitative analysis of Tr1 lymphocytes and other immune cell subsets in patients with T2DM and correlate these results with clinical findings and treatments. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sixty patients with T2DM and twenty-three healthy controls were included in the study. Biochemical and anthropometric variables were evaluated, and Tr1 lymphocytes (CD4+CD49+LAG-3+IL-10+) and other cell subsets (Th17, Th22 and Foxp3 + Treg cells) were analyzed in peripheral blood samples by multiparametric flow cytometry. RESULTS Significant increased levels of Tr1 cells were detected in patients with severe and mild disease, compared to healthy controls. In addition, CD4+IL-10+ lymphocytes were also increased in patients with T2DM. In contrast, similar levels of Foxp3+ Treg cells, Th17 and Th22 lymphocytes were observed in patients and controls. Likewise, no significant associations were detected between Tr1 cell levels and different clinical and laboratory parameters. However, those patients receiving glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1-RA) showed similar levels of Tr1 cells than healthy controls, and significant lower numbers than untreated patients. CONCLUSION We observed an increase in Tr1 and CD4+IL10+ lymphocyte levels in T2DM. Moreover, GLP1-RA treatment was significantly associated with normalization of the Tr1 levels. This highlights another potential immune dysfunction in patients with T2DM, which could participate in the pathogenesis of this condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Knott-Torcal
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Health Research Institute, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Diego de León 62, 28006, Madrid, Spain
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Av. Séneca, 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - N S de la Blanca
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Health Research Institute, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Diego de León 62, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Serrano-Somavilla
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Health Research Institute, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Diego de León 62, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - R M Hernández
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Health Research Institute, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Diego de León 62, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Sampedro-Núñez
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Health Research Institute, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Diego de León 62, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - B Ruiz-Rosso
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Av. Séneca, 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - S Jiménez-Blanco
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Health Research Institute, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Diego de León 62, 28006, Madrid, Spain
| | - R González-Amaro
- Research Center of Health Sciences and Biomedicine (CICSaB), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, SLP, México
| | - L González-Baranda
- Research Center of Health Sciences and Biomedicine (CICSaB), Universidad Autónoma de San Luis Potosí, SLP, México
| | - A Garcimartin
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Av. Séneca, 2, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - M Marazuela
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Health Research Institute, Hospital Universitario de La Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, C/Diego de León 62, 28006, Madrid, Spain.
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10
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Li L, Lu J, Liu J, Wu J, Zhang X, Meng Y, Wu X, Tai Z, Zhu Q, Chen Z. Immune cells in the epithelial immune microenvironment of psoriasis: emerging therapeutic targets. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1340677. [PMID: 38239345 PMCID: PMC10794746 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1340677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease characterized by erroneous metabolism of keratinocytes. The development of psoriasis is closely related to abnormal activation and disorders of the immune system. Dysregulated skin protective mechanisms can activate inflammatory pathways within the epithelial immune microenvironment (EIME), leading to the development of autoimmune-related and inflammatory skin diseases. In this review, we initially emphasized the pathogenesis of psoriasis, paying particular attention to the interactions between the abnormal activation of immune cells and the production of cytokines in psoriasis. Subsequently, we delved into the significance of the interactions between EIME and immune cells in the emergence of psoriasis. A thorough understanding of these immune processes is crucial to the development of targeted therapies for psoriasis. Finally, we discussed the potential novel targeted therapies aimed at modulating the EIME in psoriasis. This comprehensive examination sheds light on the intricate underlying immune mechanisms and provides insights into potential therapeutic avenues of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lisha Li
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of External Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiaye Lu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of External Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of External Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junchao Wu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of External Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xinyue Zhang
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of External Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Meng
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of External Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiying Wu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of External Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zongguang Tai
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of External Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Quangang Zhu
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of External Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhongjian Chen
- Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai University, School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of External Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, China
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11
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Wu C, Jiang ML, Pang T, Zhang CJ. T Cell Subsets and Immune Homeostasis. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2782:39-63. [PMID: 38622391 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3754-8_3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
T cells are a heterogeneous group of cells that can be classified into different subtypes according to different classification methods. The body's immune system has a highly complex and effective regulatory network that allows for the relative stability of immune system function. Maintaining proper T cell homeostasis is essential for promoting protective immunity and limiting autoimmunity and tumor formation. Among the T cell family members, more and more T cell subsets have gradually been characterized. In this chapter, we summarize the functions of some key T cell subsets and their impact on immune homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuyu Wu
- Department of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mei-Ling Jiang
- Department of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Screening, Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Drug Discovery for Metabolic Diseases, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Cun-Jin Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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12
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Wang X, Wei Y, He Z, Wang D, Zhang L, Du J, Zhang M, Jiang M, Chen N, Deng M, Li B, Song C, Chen D, Liu H, Xiao J, Liang H, Zhao H, Kong Y. CD70-induced differentiation of proinflammatory Th1/17/22/GM lymphocytes associated with disease progression and immune reconstitution during HIV infection. Emerg Microbes Infect 2023; 12:2271068. [PMID: 37824079 PMCID: PMC10606822 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2023.2271068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
Immune overactivation is a hallmark of chronic HIV infection, which is critical to HIV pathogenesis and disease progression. The imbalance of helper T cell (Th) differentiation and subsequent cytokine dysregulation are generally considered to be the major drivers of excessive activation and inflammatory disorders in HIV infection. However, the accurate factors driving HIV-associated Th changes remained to be established. CD70, which was a costimulatory molecule, was found to increase on CD4+ T cells during HIV infection. Overexpression of CD70 on CD4+ T cells was recently reported to associate with highly pathogenic proinflammatory Th1/Th17 polarization in multiple sclerosis. Thus, the role of CD70 in the imbalance of Th polarization and immune overactivation during HIV infection needs to be investigated. Here, we found that the elevated frequency of CD70 + CD4+ T cells was negatively correlated with CD4 count and positively associated with immune activation in treatment-naïve people living with HIV (PLWH). More importantly, CD70 expression defined a population of proinflammatory Th1/17/22/GM subsets in PLWH. Blocking CD70 decreased the mRNA expression of subset-specific markers during Th1/17/22/GM polarization. Furthermore, we demonstrated that CD70 influenced the differentiation of these Th cells through STAT pathway. Finally, it was revealed that patients with a high baseline level of CD70 on CD4+ T cells exhibited a greater risk of poor immune reconstitution after antiretroviral therapy (ART) than those with low CD70. In general, our data highlighted the role of CD70 in Th1/17/22/GM differentiation during HIV infection and provided evidence for CD70 as a potential biomarker for predicting immune recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyue Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- National Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yuqing Wei
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- National Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhijiao He
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- National Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Di Wang
- National Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Leidan Zhang
- National Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Juan Du
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- National Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Mengyuan Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- National Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meiqing Jiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- National Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Na Chen
- National Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Meiju Deng
- National Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bei Li
- National Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chuan Song
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- National Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Danying Chen
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- National Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huan Liu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- National Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jiang Xiao
- National Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongyuan Liang
- National Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hongxin Zhao
- National Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Clinical and Research Center of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yaxian Kong
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Emerging Infectious Diseases, Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- Beijing Institute of Infectious Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- National Center for Infectious Diseases, Beijing Ditan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
- National Key Laboratory of Intelligent Tracking and Forecasting for Infectious Diseases, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
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13
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Xu Y, Lan P, Wang T. The Role of Immune Cells in the Pathogenesis of Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis. Medicina (Kaunas) 2023; 59:1984. [PMID: 38004032 PMCID: PMC10672798 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59111984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a devastating disease of unknown etiology with limited treatment options. The role of the immune system in IPF has received increasing attention. Uncontrolled immune responses drive the onset and progression of IPF. This article provides an overview of the role of innate immune cells (including macrophages, neutrophils, mast cells, eosinophils, dendritic cells, nature killer cells, nature kill cells and γδ T cells) and adaptive immune cells (including Th1 cells, Th2 cells, Th9 cells, Th17 cells, Th22 cells, cytotoxic T cells, B lymphocytes and Treg cells) in IPF. In addition, we review the current status of pharmacological treatments for IPF and new developments in immunotherapy. A deeper comprehension of the immune system's function in IPF may contribute to the development of targeted immunomodulatory therapies that can alter the course of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yahan Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China;
- The Center for Biomedical Research, National Health Committee (NHC) Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Peixiang Lan
- Institute of Organ Transplantation, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
- Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Ministry of Education; NHC Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation; Key Laboratory of Organ Transplantation, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Wuhan 430030, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China;
- The Center for Biomedical Research, National Health Committee (NHC) Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China
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14
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Liu XQ, Zhou PL, Yin XY, Wang AX, Wang DH, Yang Y, Liu Q. Circulating inflammatory cytokines and psoriasis risk: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0293327. [PMID: 37883350 PMCID: PMC10602280 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0293327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psoriasis is a systemic immune-mediated chronic inflammatory skin disease; its systemic manifestations and periodic recurrence negatively affect a patient's quality of life. Inflammatory cytokines are known to have an important role in the onset and progression of psoriasis, however, data on the association between circulating inflammatory cytokines and psoriasis risk is inconclusive. Here, we explore the relevance of circulating proinflammatory factors to the pathogenesis of psoriasis using a meta-analysis. OBJECTIVE To explore the association between circulating levels of inflammatory factors and psoriasis to elucidate the mechanisms underlying psoriasis and improve clinical diagnosis and treatment. METHODS We systematically retrieved articles published in PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library and the Web of Science from the establishment of each database to January 2023. The standard mean difference (SMD) in cytokine levels of individuals with psoriasis and healthy controls was used to check for correlations between circulating inflammatory factor levels and psoriasis. RESULTS Fifty-seven studies, with data from 2838 patients, were retrieved and included in the meta-analysis. Eleven inflammatory factors were studied (circulating interleukin-2 (IL-2), IL-4, IL-12, IL-17, IL-18, IL-22, IL-23, IL-35, IL-36, transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) and gamma-interferon (IFN-γ)). Of these, IL-2 [SMD = 1.29 (95% CI: 0.61-1.97; P <0.001)], IL-17 [SMD = 0.71 (95% CI: 0.12-1.30; P = 0.018)], IL-18 [SMD = 1.27 (95% CI: 0.64-1.90; P <0.001)], and IFN-γ [SMD = 1.90 (95% CI: 1.27-2.52; P <0.001)] levels had significant correlations with psoriasis. CONCLUSION Increased serum concentrations of the circulating inflammatory cytokines IL-2, IL-17, IL-18 and IFN-γ were significantly correlated with psoriasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Qing Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Pei-Lin Zhou
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Xin-Yu Yin
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Ai-Xue Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Da-Hu Wang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Yun Yang
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
| | - Qiang Liu
- Department of Dermatology, The Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China
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15
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Chen H, Han Z, Fan Y, Chen L, Peng F, Cheng X, Wang Y, Su J, Li D. CD4+ T-cell subsets in autoimmune hepatitis: A review. Hepatol Commun 2023; 7:e0269. [PMID: 37695088 PMCID: PMC10497257 DOI: 10.1097/hc9.0000000000000269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a chronic autoimmune liver disease that can lead to hepatocyte destruction, inflammation, liver fibrosis, cirrhosis, and liver failure. The diagnosis of AIH requires the identification of lymphoblast cell interface hepatitis and serum biochemical abnormalities, as well as the exclusion of related diseases. According to different specific autoantibodies, AIH can be divided into AIH-1 and AIH-2. The first-line treatment for AIH is a corticosteroid and azathioprine regimen, and patients with liver failure require liver transplantation. However, the long-term use of corticosteroids has obvious side effects, and patients are prone to relapse after drug withdrawal. Autoimmune diseases are characterized by an imbalance in immune tolerance of self-antigens, activation of autoreactive T cells, overactivity of B cells, and increased production of autoantibodies. CD4+ T cells are key players in adaptive immunity and can secrete cytokines, activate B cells to produce antibodies, and influence the cytotoxicity of CD8+ T cells. According to their characteristics, CD4+ T cells can be divided into different subsets. In this review, we discuss the changes in T helper (Th)1, Th2, Th17, Th9, Th22, regulatory T cell, T follicular helper, and T peripheral helper cells and their related factors in AIH and discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting CD4+ T-cell subsets in AIH.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zhongyu Han
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Yiyue Fan
- Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, Nanchong, China
| | - Liuyan Chen
- School of Medical and Life Sciences, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China
| | - Fang Peng
- Chengdu Xinhua Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | | | - Yi Wang
- Chengdu Xinhua Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Junyan Su
- The First People’s Hospital of Longquanyi District, Chengdu, China
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16
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Seth P, Dubey S. IL-22 as a target for therapeutic intervention: Current knowledge on its role in various diseases. Cytokine 2023; 169:156293. [PMID: 37441942 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2023.156293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
IL-22 has emerged as a crucial cytokine mediating protective response against pathogens and tissue regeneration. Dysregulated production of IL-22 has been shown to play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of various diseases like malignant tumours, viral, cardiovascular, allergic and autoimmune disorders. Interleukin 22 belongs to IFN-IL-10 cytokine family. It is a major proinflammatory cytokine secreted by activated Th1 cells (Th22), though can also be secreted by many other immune cells like group 3 innate lymphocytes, γδ T cells, NK cells, NK T cells, and mucosal associated invariant T cells. Th22 cells exclusively release IL-22 but not IL-17 or IFN-γ (as Th1 cells releases IFN-γ along with IL-22 and Th17 cells releases IL-17 along with IL-22) and also express aryl hydrocarbon receptor as the key transcription factor. Th22 cells also exhibit expression of chemokine receptor CCR6 and skin-homing receptors CCR4 and CCR10 indicating the involvement of this subset in bolstering epithelial barrier immunity and promoting secretion of antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) from intestinal epithelial cells. The function of IL-22 is modulated by IL-22 binding protein (binds to IL-22 and inhibits it binding to its cell surface receptor); which serves as a competitor for IL-22R1 chain of IL-22 receptor. The pathogenic and protective nature of the Th22 cells is modulated both by the site of infected tissue and the type of disease pathology. This review aims to discuss key features of IL-22 biology, comparisons between IL and 22 and IFN-γ and its role as a potential immune therapy target in different maladies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pranav Seth
- Amity Institute of Virology & Immunology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector 125, Noida, India
| | - Shweta Dubey
- Amity Institute of Virology & Immunology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Sector 125, Noida, India.
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Park G, Kwon N, Kim MH, Yang WM. The Slough of Cicadidae Periostracum Ameliorated Lichenification by Inhibiting Interleukin (IL)-22/Janus Kinase (JAK) 1/Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT) 3 Pathway in Atopic Dermatitis. Food Sci Anim Resour 2023; 43:859-876. [PMID: 37701738 PMCID: PMC10493567 DOI: 10.5851/kosfa.2023.e40] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/14/2023] Open
Abstract
It is known that animal-origin medicine could be one of effective treatment to remedy atopic dermatitis (AD) by controlling the cytokines. Cicadidae Periostracum (CP), the slough of Cryptotympana pustulata, has been frequently used for treating AD and skin affliction in traditional Korean Medicine. This study is aimed at investigating the ameliorating effects of CP on AD and its potential mechanism. The dinitrochlorobenzene sensitized mice were treated with CP for 2 weeks. The various biomarkers and the dermatitis scores presented that CP treatment can induce the visual and biological improvements of AD model. Pruritus, the most serious symptom of AD, which can cause repeated scratching behaviors and finally lead to lichenification, was reduced with CP treatment by regulating the inflammatory reactions. In addition, CP treatment diminished the number of mast cells that are known for causing inflammatory reactions. Moreover, it is proven that CP can decline secretion of interleukin-22, which means CP treatment has anti-inflammatory effects. CP treatment can correct the imbalance of helper T (Th)1 and Th2, downregulating thymic stromal lymphopoietin that leads to decrease of mRNA level of inflammatory cytokines. The crucial role of CP treatment is controlling of the Janus kinase 1/signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 pathway. In addition, CP treatment has the inhibitory effects on kallikrein related peptidase (KLK) 5 and KLK7. Taken together, CP treatment can ameliorate most symptoms and problems caused by AD disease, improving the AD patients' life quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ganghye Park
- Department of Convergence Korean Medical
Science, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University,
Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Namgyu Kwon
- Department of Convergence Korean Medical
Science, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University,
Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Mi Hye Kim
- Department of Convergence Korean Medical
Science, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University,
Seoul 02447, Korea
| | - Woong Mo Yang
- Department of Convergence Korean Medical
Science, College of Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University,
Seoul 02447, Korea
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18
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Erdő-Bonyár S, Simon D, Bajnok A, Nörenberg J, Serény-Litvai T, Várnagy Á, Kovács K, Hantosi E, Mezősi E, Berki T. Physiological Changes in the Levels of Anti-Cytokine Autoantibodies in Early Pregnancy Are Missing in Pregnant Women with Hashimoto's Thyroiditis. J Immunol Res 2023; 2023:5221658. [PMID: 37663050 PMCID: PMC10473897 DOI: 10.1155/2023/5221658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2023] [Revised: 07/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
T helper type 1 (Th1) and inflammatory cytokines play essential roles in early pregnancy and also in the pathogenesis of Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT). Changes in the serum level of autoantibodies to cytokines, which may be able to modulate their availability and actions have been described in several autoimmune disorders. Yet, no data are available on anti-cytokine autoantibodies either during early pregnancy or in patients with HT. The aim of the study was to measure autoantibodies to inflammatory-, Th1- and Th22-cytokines in serum samples in healthy pregnancy (HP) and in pregnant women with HT (HTP). As pathological autoantibodies are hallmarks of HT, in addition we also measured anti-B-cell activator factor (BAFF) autoantibodies. The measurement was carried out with a Luminex multiplex assay and the Luminex MAGPIX Instrument, age-matched healthy women (HC) and women with HT (HT) were used as controls. In the first trimester of HP, anti-TNFα, anti-IL-8, and anti-IFNγ autoantibodies were significantly decreased, while autoantibodies to BAFF were significantly elevated compared to the HC. However, these alterations were not present in the HTP. Moreover, the levels of autoantibodies to IL-22 and TNFα were significantly increased in HTP compared to the HP. All differences in the levels of the investigated autoantibodies could be detected in the first trimester of pregnancies except for anti-IL-22 autoantibodies. According to our results we can conclude that alterations in the levels of autoantibodies to inflammatory and Th1 cytokines are physiological in the first trimester of pregnancy and their disturbance can be associated with autoimmune conditions such as HT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szabina Erdő-Bonyár
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
- National Laboratory on Human Reproduction, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Diána Simon
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
- National Laboratory on Human Reproduction, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Anna Bajnok
- National Laboratory on Human Reproduction, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Center, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Jasper Nörenberg
- National Laboratory on Human Reproduction, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Center, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Tímea Serény-Litvai
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
- National Laboratory on Human Reproduction, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Szentágothai Research Centre, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Ákos Várnagy
- National Laboratory on Human Reproduction, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Center, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Kálmán Kovács
- National Laboratory on Human Reproduction, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Center, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Eszter Hantosi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Clinical Center, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Emese Mezősi
- National Laboratory on Human Reproduction, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Clinical Center, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Tímea Berki
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Clinical Center, University of Pécs Medical School, Pécs, Hungary
- National Laboratory on Human Reproduction, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
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19
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Wang ZN, Xu T, Liu KS. Research progress on Th22 cells and related cytokines in tumors: current status and future perspectives. Am J Cancer Res 2023; 13:3315-3323. [PMID: 37693133 PMCID: PMC10492103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Th22 cells are a newly identified subpopulation of CD4+ T lymphocytes distinct from Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, which secretes mainly interleukin-22 (IL-22), in addition to a variety of other cytokines. The function of Th22 cells in tumors is mainly realized through IL-22, which can activate JAK/STAT and MAPK cell signaling pathways, thereby regulating the anti-tumor immune response of the body. The main function of Th22 cells is to participate in mucosal defense, tissue repair, and wound healing. However, controversial data have shown that overexpression of IL-22 can lead to pathological changes under inflammatory conditions and tumor progression. In this review, we searched the PubMed and Web of Science databases for articles and reviews published before May 6, 2022, using the keywords "Th22 cells, T helper 22 cells, cancer, tumor", and conducted a comprehensive review of the relevant literature. In addition, this article offers an overview of the relevant findings on the function of Th22 cells in tumors published in recent years, along with a more comprehensive analysis of the functions and mechanisms of Th22 cells in tumors. This article will hopefully inspire new future directions in the research on cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Ning Wang
- Department of Oncology, BenQ Medical Center, The Affiliated BenQ Hospital of Nanjing Medical UniversityNanjing, Jiangsu Province, China
| | - Tao Xu
- Xi’an Jiaotong University Global Health InstituteXi’an 710049, Shaanxi, China
| | - Kang-Sheng Liu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Women’s Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing Maternity and Child Health Care HospitalNanjing 210029, Jiangsu, China
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20
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Zhao M, Chen L, Yang J, Zhang Z, Wang H, Shao Z, Liu X, Xing L. Interleukin 6 exacerbates the progression of warm autoimmune hemolytic anemia by influencing the activity and function of B cells. Sci Rep 2023; 13:13231. [PMID: 37580421 PMCID: PMC10425344 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-40239-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
To explore the effect of IL-6 on the activity and secretory function of B cells and analyze its effect on clinical indicators and efficacy in wAIHA patients. This study included 25 hemolytic wAIHA patients, 13 remission patients, and 10 HCs. Plasma levels of various cytokines were detected using CBA. PBMCs were extracted from 12 hemolytic wAIHA patients and divided into three wells, stimulation with IL-6 and IL-6 + tocilizumab, the blank control wells were also set. After 48 h of in vitro cell culture, percentage of CD5+CD80+, CD5-CD80+,CD5+CD86+,CD5-CD86+,CD5+IL-10+,CD5-IL-10+B cells were determined by flow-cytometry. Plasma levels of IL-6 and IL-10 in hemolytic episode group were significantly higher than that in HCs group (p = 0.0243; p = 0.0214). RBC and Hb levels were negatively correlated with IL-6 levels in wAIHA patients, while LDH levels were positively correlated.Therapeutic effects of glucocorticoid and duration of efficacy were also significantly correlated with IL-6 levels in wAIHA patients. After 48 h in vitro cell culture, percentages of CD80+/CD5+CD19+and CD80+/CD5-CD19+ cells in the IL-6 stimulation group were higher than those in blank control group (p = 0.0019; p = 0.0004), while CD86+/CD5+ CD19+ and CD86+/CD5-CD19+ cells were not statistically different before and after IL-6 stimulation. Percentage of IL-10+/CD5+ CD19+ cells in IL-6 stimulation group was lower than that in blank control (p = 0.0017) and IL-6 + toc (p = 0.0117) group. Percentage of IL-10+/CD5- CD19+cells in the IL-6 stimulation group was lower than that in the blank control group (p = 0.0223). Plasma levels of IL-6 were significantly elevated in hemolytic wAIHA patients and correlated with clinical indicators and efficacy. IL-6 promotes the activation of B cells. Although the results were not statistically significant, IL-6R antagonist tocilizumab may hopefully become a targeted therapy for wAIHA patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manjun Zhao
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Jin Yang
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Ziying Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China
| | - Huaquan Wang
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China.
| | - Zonghong Shao
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China.
| | - Xiaoqing Liu
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100730, China.
| | - Limin Xing
- Department of Hematology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, 300052, China.
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da Costa AC, de Souza Barbosa LC, Kipnis A, Junqueira-Kipnis AP. Decreased Expression of CD314 by NK Cells Correlates with Their Ability to Respond by Producing IFN-γ after BCG Moscow Vaccination and Is Associated with Distinct Early Immune Responses. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1297. [PMID: 37631865 PMCID: PMC10458680 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11081297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 07/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The immune response to vaccines is complex and results in various outcomes. BCG vaccination induces innate and specific responses that can lead to protection against tuberculosis, and cross-protection against other infections. NK cells have been associated with BCG-induced protection. Therefore, we hypothesize that differences in NK cell status before BCG vaccination may have a role in the ability of BCG to activate the immune response. Participants of a clinical trial were evaluated after BCG vaccination. The participants were assigned to different groups according to variation in IFN-γ expression by NK cells between days 1 and 15 after BCG vaccination. Individuals that presented a higher increase in IFN-γ expression by NK cells presented reduced CD314 expression at day 1, and after vaccination an increase in inflammatory NK cells and CD4 T-cell expression of IL-17. A negative correlation between expression of CD314 at day 1 and that of IFN-γ by NK cells after BCG vaccination was observed. Participants with lower of IFN-γ expression by NK cells after BCG vaccination presented an increase in the cytotoxic NK subpopulation and CD4 T-cell expression of IL-17 and IFN-γ. In conclusion, the expression of CD314 by NK cells before BCG vaccination influences their IFN-γ responses, generation of NK subpopulations, and the specific T immune response at 15 days after vaccination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adeliane Castro da Costa
- Campus Goiânia, Goiás Estácio de Sá University, Goiânia 74063-010, ZC, Brazil;
- Department of Biosciences and Technology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74605-050, ZC, Brazil; (L.C.d.S.B.); (A.K.)
| | - Lília Cristina de Souza Barbosa
- Department of Biosciences and Technology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74605-050, ZC, Brazil; (L.C.d.S.B.); (A.K.)
| | - André Kipnis
- Department of Biosciences and Technology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74605-050, ZC, Brazil; (L.C.d.S.B.); (A.K.)
| | - Ana Paula Junqueira-Kipnis
- Department of Biosciences and Technology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia 74605-050, ZC, Brazil; (L.C.d.S.B.); (A.K.)
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Nokhostin F, Bakhshpour F, Pezeshki SMS, Khademi R, Saki N. Immune thrombocytopenia: a review on the pathogenetic role of immune cells. Expert Rev Hematol 2023; 16:731-742. [PMID: 37668243 DOI: 10.1080/17474086.2023.2255750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Immune thrombocytopenia [ITP] is a common bleeding disorder with an isolated platelet count of less than 100 × 109/L. AREAS COVERED Relevant literature from 2003 to 2022 was retrieved and reviewed from the Google Scholar search engine and PubMed database. Antibodies produced by autoreactive B lymphocytes and the phagocytic function of macrophages are considered the most critical factors in platelet destruction. Also, macrophages present the antigen to T lymphocytes and activate them. Follicular helper T-cells [TFH] play a role in stimulating, differentiating, and activating autoreactive B cells, while cluster of differentiation [CD]-8+ T plays a role in platelet destruction through apoptosis. The classical pathway of the complement system also causes platelet destruction. By inhibiting platelet production, low levels of thrombopoietin and an immune response against megakaryocytes in the bone marrow worsen thrombocytopenia. EXPERT OPINION T-cell subset changes and an increase in activated autoreactive B cells, in addition to the function of components of the innate immune system [the complement system, dendritic cells, and natural killer cells], play a critical role in the pathogenesis of the ITP. Accurate detection of these changes may lead to developing new therapeutic strategies and identifying better prognostic/diagnostic factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Forogh Nokhostin
- Rheumatology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Bakhshpour
- Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | | | - Reyhane Khademi
- Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Najmaldin Saki
- Thalassemia & Hemoglobinopathy Research Center, Health Research Institute, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, School of Paramedicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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Sun L, Su Y, Jiao A, Wang X, Zhang B. T cells in health and disease. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2023; 8:235. [PMID: 37332039 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-023-01471-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023] Open
Abstract
T cells are crucial for immune functions to maintain health and prevent disease. T cell development occurs in a stepwise process in the thymus and mainly generates CD4+ and CD8+ T cell subsets. Upon antigen stimulation, naïve T cells differentiate into CD4+ helper and CD8+ cytotoxic effector and memory cells, mediating direct killing, diverse immune regulatory function, and long-term protection. In response to acute and chronic infections and tumors, T cells adopt distinct differentiation trajectories and develop into a range of heterogeneous populations with various phenotype, differentiation potential, and functionality under precise and elaborate regulations of transcriptional and epigenetic programs. Abnormal T-cell immunity can initiate and promote the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of T cell development, CD4+ and CD8+ T cell classification, and differentiation in physiological settings. We further elaborate the heterogeneity, differentiation, functionality, and regulation network of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in infectious disease, chronic infection and tumor, and autoimmune disease, highlighting the exhausted CD8+ T cell differentiation trajectory, CD4+ T cell helper function, T cell contributions to immunotherapy and autoimmune pathogenesis. We also discuss the development and function of γδ T cells in tissue surveillance, infection, and tumor immunity. Finally, we summarized current T-cell-based immunotherapies in both cancer and autoimmune diseases, with an emphasis on their clinical applications. A better understanding of T cell immunity provides insight into developing novel prophylactic and therapeutic strategies in human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Sun
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Immune Related Diseases, Xi'an, Shannxi, 710061, China
| | - Yanhong Su
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Immune Related Diseases, Xi'an, Shannxi, 710061, China
| | - Anjun Jiao
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Immune Related Diseases, Xi'an, Shannxi, 710061, China
| | - Xin Wang
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Immune Related Diseases, Xi'an, Shannxi, 710061, China
| | - Baojun Zhang
- Department of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
- Institute of Infection and Immunity, Translational Medicine Institute, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
- Key Laboratory of Environment and Genes Related to Diseases, Ministry of Education, Xi'an, Shaanxi, 710061, China.
- Xi'an Key Laboratory of Immune Related Diseases, Xi'an, Shannxi, 710061, China.
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24
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Pang Y, Holtzman NG. Immunopathogenic mechanisms and modulatory approaches to graft-versus-host disease prevention in acute myeloid leukaemia. Best Pract Res Clin Haematol 2023; 36:101475. [PMID: 37353287 PMCID: PMC10291443 DOI: 10.1016/j.beha.2023.101475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/25/2023]
Abstract
Allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) remains the only potential cure for intermediate to high-risk acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). The therapeutic effect of HSCT is largely dependent on the powerful donor-derived immune response against recipient leukaemia cells, known as graft-versus-leukaemia effect (GvL). However, the donor-derived immune system can also cause acute or chronic damage to normal recipient organs and tissues, in a process known as graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). GvHD is a leading cause of non-relapse mortality in HSCT recipients. There are many similarities and cross talk between the immune pathways of GvL and GvHD. Studies have demonstrated that both processes require the presence of mismatched alloantigens between the donor and recipient, and activation of immune responses centered around donor T-cells, which can be further modulated by various recipient or donor factors. Dissecting GvL from GvHD to achieve more effective GvHD prevention and enhanced GvL has been the holy grail of HSCT research. In this review, we focused on the key factors that contribute to the immune responses of GvL and GvHD, the effect on GvL with different GvHD prophylactic strategies, and the potential impact of various AML relapse prevention therapy or treatments on GvHD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Pang
- Department of Haematologic Oncology and Blood Disorders, Levine Cancer Institute, Charlotte, NC, USA.
| | - Noa G Holtzman
- Immune Deficiency Cellular Therapy Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
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25
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Stojanovic B, Jovanovic IP, Stojanovic MD, Jovanovic M, Vekic B, Milosevic B, Cvetkovic A, Spasic M, Stojanovic BS. The Emerging Roles of the Adaptive Immune Response in Acute Pancreatitis. Cells 2023; 12:1495. [PMID: 37296616 PMCID: PMC10253175 DOI: 10.3390/cells12111495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 05/24/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) is an abrupt, variable inflammatory condition of the pancreas, potentially escalating to severe systemic inflammation, rampant pancreatic necrosis, and multi-organ failure. Its complex pathogenesis involves an intricate immune response, with different T cell subsets (Th1, Th2, Th9, Th17, Th22, TFH, Treg, and CD8+ T cells) and B cells playing pivotal roles. Early T cell activation initiates the AP development, triggering cytokines associated with the Th1 response, which stimulate macrophages and neutrophils. Other T cell phenotypes contribute to AP's pathogenesis, and the balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines influences its progression. Regulatory T and B cells are crucial for moderating the inflammatory response and promoting immune tolerance. B cells further contribute through antibody production, antigen presentation, and cytokine secretion. Understanding these immune cells' roles in AP could aid in developing new immunotherapies to enhance patient outcomes. However, further research is required to define these cells' precise roles in AP and their potential as therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bojan Stojanovic
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (B.S.)
| | - Ivan P. Jovanovic
- Center for Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | | | - Marina Jovanovic
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Berislav Vekic
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (B.S.)
| | - Bojan Milosevic
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (B.S.)
| | - Aleksandar Cvetkovic
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (B.S.)
| | - Marko Spasic
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (B.S.)
| | - Bojana S. Stojanovic
- Department of Pathophysiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
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26
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Tanaka T, Tawara M, Suzuki H, Kaneko MK, Kato Y. Identification of the Binding Epitope of an Anti-Mouse CCR6 Monoclonal Antibody (C 6Mab-13) Using 1× Alanine Scanning. Antibodies (Basel) 2023; 12:antib12020032. [PMID: 37218898 DOI: 10.3390/antib12020032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
CC chemokine receptor 6 (CCR6) is one of the members of the G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family that is upregulated in many immune-related cells, such as B lymphocytes, effector and memory T cells, regulatory T cells, and immature dendritic cells. The coordination between CCR6 and its ligand CC motif chemokine ligand 20 (CCL20) is deeply involved in the pathogenesis of various diseases, such as cancer, psoriasis, and autoimmune diseases. Thus, CCR6 is an attractive target for therapy and is being investigated as a diagnostic marker for various diseases. In a previous study, we developed an anti-mouse CCR6 (mCCR6) monoclonal antibody (mAb), C6Mab-13 (rat IgG1, kappa), that was applicable for flow cytometry by immunizing a rat with the N-terminal peptide of mCCR6. In this study, we investigated the binding epitope of C6Mab-13 using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) method, which were conducted with respect to the synthesized point-mutated-peptides within the 1-20 amino acid region of mCCR6. In the ELISA results, C6Mab-13 lost its ability to react to the alanine-substituted peptide of mCCR6 at Asp11, thereby identifying Asp11 as the epitope of C6Mab-13. In our SPR analysis, the dissociation constants (KD) could not be calculated for the G9A and D11A mutants due to the lack of binding. The SPR analysis demonstrated that the C6Mab-13 epitope comprises Gly9 and Asp11. Taken together, the key binding epitope of C6Mab-13 was determined to be located around Asp11 on mCCR6. Based on the epitope information, C6Mab-13 could be useful for further functional analysis of mCCR6 in future studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomohiro Tanaka
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Mayuki Tawara
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Suzuki
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Mika K Kaneko
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
| | - Yukinari Kato
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
- Department of Antibody Drug Development, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan
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27
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Chen F, Wu Y, Ren G, Wen S. Impact of T helper cells on bone metabolism in systemic lupus erythematosus. Hum Immunol 2023:S0198-8859(23)00065-4. [PMID: 37100689 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2023.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), an autoimmune disease affecting multiple organs and tissues, is often complicated by musculoskeletal diseases. T helper cells (Th) play an important role in mediating lupus. With the rise of osteoimmunology, more studies have shown shared molecules and interactions between the immune system and bones. Th cells are vital in the regulation of bone metabolism by directly or indirectly regulating bone health by secreting various cytokines. Therefore, by describing the regulation of Th cells (including Th1, Th2, Th9, Th17, Th22, regulatory T cells (Treg), and follicular T helper cells (Tfh) in bone metabolism in SLE, this paper offers certain theoretical support for abnormal bone metabolism in SLE and provides new prospects for future drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Chen
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530001, China
| | - Yukun Wu
- Ruikang Hospital Affiliated to Guangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanning City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530011, China
| | - Guowu Ren
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530001, China.
| | - Shuaibo Wen
- Guangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanning City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region 530001, China
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28
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Gómez-Melero S, Caballero-Villarraso J. CCR6 as a Potential Target for Therapeutic Antibodies for the Treatment of Inflammatory Diseases. Antibodies (Basel) 2023; 12:30. [PMID: 37092451 PMCID: PMC10123731 DOI: 10.3390/antib12020030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/12/2023] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
The CC chemokine receptor 6 (CCR6) is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) involved in a wide range of biological processes. When CCR6 binds to its sole ligand CCL20, a signaling network is produced. This pathway is implicated in mechanisms related to many diseases, such as cancer, psoriasis, multiple sclerosis, HIV infection or rheumatoid arthritis. The CCR6/CCL20 axis plays a fundamental role in immune homeostasis and activation. Th17 cells express the CCR6 receptor and inflammatory cytokines, including IL-17, IL-21 and IL-22, which are involved in the spread of inflammatory response. The CCL20/CCR6 mechanism plays a crucial role in the recruitment of these pro-inflammatory cells to local tissues. To date, there are no drugs against CCR6 approved, and the development of small molecules against CCR6 is complicated due to the difficulty in screenings. This review highlights the potential as a therapeutic target of the CCR6 receptor in numerous diseases and the importance of the development of antibodies against CCR6 that could be a promising alternative to small molecules in the treatment of CCR6/CCL20 axis-related pathologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Gómez-Melero
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba, Avda. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Javier Caballero-Villarraso
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba, Avda. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine and Nursing, University of Córdoba, Avda. Menéndez Pidal s/n, 14004 Córdoba, Spain
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29
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Lao J, Xie Z, Qin Q, Qin R, Li S, Yuan Y. Serum LL‐37 and inflammatory cytokines levels in psoriasis. Immun Inflamm Dis 2023; 11:e802. [PMID: 36988247 PMCID: PMC10013411 DOI: 10.1002/iid3.802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2022] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/10/2023] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Psoriasis (PsO) is a T‐cell‐associated inflammatory autoimmune dermatitis. Leucine leucine‐37 (LL‐37) is upregulated in PsO patients and correlated with the area and severity of PsO. However, the exact relation between LL‐37 and T cell‐associated inflammation is not well understood. It is very important to clarify the relationship between LL‐37 and inflammatory response for clinical diagnosis and treatment of PsO. This study investigated the serum levels of LL‐37 and inflammatory cytokines, as well as correlations between them in PsO patients, which aimed to provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of PsO. Methods PsO patients (n = 50) and healthy volunteers (n = 33) were recruited in this study. Skin specimens were stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). The serum levels of LL‐37, T‐helper type 1 (Th1, IFN‐γ), T‐helper type 17 (Th17, IL‐17), T‐helper type 22 (Th22, IL‐22), and T‐helper type 2 cytokines (Th2, IL‐4) were assessed by enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay. Some of the patients were re‐recruited after treatment to evaluate LL‐37 and cytokines levels. Results Pathological changes were observed in PsO skin lesions. LL‐37, IFN‐γ, IL‐17, and IL‐22 serum levels were much higher in PsO patients than those in healthy volunteers (p < .001), and posttreatment reduction was observed in five patients. However, no remarkable difference in IL‐4 level (p > .05) was found. LL‐37 level was positively correlated with IFN‐γ, IL‐17, and IL‐22 levels (p < .001) in PsO patients. Conclusion LL‐37 expression was significantly associated with inflammatory response, which may provide us new ideas for diagnosing and monitoring disease activity of PsO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juanfeng Lao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangxi Academy of Medical SciencesThe People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionNanningGuangxiChina
| | - Zhi Xie
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Guangxi Academy of Medical SciencesThe People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionNanningGuangxiChina
| | - Qunshi Qin
- Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Guangxi Academy of Medical SciencesThe People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionNanningGuangxiChina
| | - Ru Qin
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangxi Academy of Medical SciencesThe People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionNanningGuangxiChina
| | - Shangyang Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangxi Academy of Medical SciencesThe People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionNanningGuangxiChina
| | - Yulin Yuan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Guangxi Academy of Medical SciencesThe People's Hospital of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous RegionNanningGuangxiChina
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Ma X, Ma R, Zhang M, Qian B, Wang B, Yang W. Recent Progress in Multiple Sclerosis Treatment Using Immune Cells as Targets. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15030728. [PMID: 36986586 PMCID: PMC10057470 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15030728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated demyelinating disease of the central nervous system. The main pathological features are inflammatory reaction, demyelination, axonal disintegration, reactive gliosis, etc. The etiology and pathogenesis of the disease have not been clarified. The initial studies believed that T cell-mediated cellular immunity is the key to the pathogenesis of MS. In recent years, more and more evidence has shown that B cells and their mediated humoral immune and innate immune cells (such as microglia, dendritic cells, macrophages, etc.) also play an important role in the pathogenesis of MS. This article mainly reviews the research progress of MS by targeting different immune cells and analyzes the action pathways of drugs. The types and mechanisms of immune cells related to the pathogenesis are introduced in detail, and the mechanisms of drugs targeting different immune cells are discussed in depth. This article aims to clarify the pathogenesis and immunotherapy pathway of MS, hoping to find new targets and strategies for the development of therapeutic drugs for MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Ma
- Department of Neuroscience, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, China
- The First Clinical Medical School, Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450046, China
| | - Rong Ma
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Henan Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Mengzhe Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Henan Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Baicheng Qian
- Department of Neuroscience, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, China
| | - Baoliang Wang
- Department of Neuroscience, The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan University of Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou 450000, China
- Correspondence: (B.W.); (W.Y.)
| | - Weijing Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Henan Key Laboratory of Targeting Therapy and Diagnosis for Critical Diseases, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
- Correspondence: (B.W.); (W.Y.)
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Holloman BL, Cannon A, Wilson K, Nagarkatti P, Nagarkatti M. Aryl Hydrocarbon Receptor Activation Ameliorates Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome through Regulation of Th17 and Th22 Cells in the Lungs. mBio 2023;:e0313722. [PMID: 36809070 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.03137-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is triggered by a variety of insults, including bacterial and viral infections, and this leads to high mortality. While the role of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) in mucosal immunity is being increasingly recognized, its function during ARDS is unclear. In the current study, we investigated the role of AhR in LPS-induced ARDS. AhR ligand, indole-3-carbinol (I3C), attenuated ARDS which was associated with a decrease in CD4+ RORγt +IL-17a+IL-22+ pathogenic Th17 cells, but not CD4+RORγt +IL-17a+IL-22- homeostatic Th 17 cells, in the lungs. AhR activation also led to a significant increase in CD4+IL-17a-IL-22+ Th22 cells. I3C-mediated Th22 cell expansion was dependent on the AhR expression on RORγt+ cells. AhR activation downregulated miR-29b-2-5p in immune cells from the lungs, which in turn downregulated RORc expression and upregulated IL-22. Collectively, the current study suggests that AhR activation can attenuate ARDS and may serve as a therapeutic modality by which to treat this complex disorder. IMPORTANCE Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a type of respiratory failure that is triggered by a variety of bacterial and viral infections, including the coronavirus SARS-CoV2. ARDS is associated with a hyperimmune response in the lungs that which is challenging to treat. Because of this difficulty, approximately 40% of patients with ARDS die. Thus, it is critical to understand the nature of the immune response that is functional in the lungs during ARDS as well as approaches by which to attenuate it. AhR is a transcription factor that is activated by a variety of endogenous and exogenous environmental chemicals as well as bacterial metabolites. While AhR has been shown to regulate inflammation, its role in ARDS is unclear. In the current study, we provide evidence that AhR activation can attenuate LPS-mediated ARDS through the activation of Th22 cells in the lungs, which are regulated through miR-29b-2-5p. Thus, AhR can be targeted to attenuate ARDS.
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Mohammadi B, Saghafi M, Abdulsattar Faraj T, Kamal Kheder R, Sajid Abdulabbas H, Esmaeili SA. The role of tolerogenic dendritic cells in systematic lupus erythematosus progression and remission. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 115:109601. [PMID: 36571919 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Systematic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease reflecting an imbalance between effector and regulatory immune responses. Dendritic cells (DC) are a link between innate and adaptive immunity. Inflammatory DCs (inflDC) can initiate and trigger lymphocyte responses in SLE with over-expression of surface molecules and pro-inflammatory cytokine, including Interferon (IFN) α, Interleukin (IL) 1α, IL-1β, and IL-6, resulting in the overreaction of T helper cells (Th), and B cells immune responses. On the opposite side, tolerogenic DCs (tolDC) express inhibitory interacting surface molecules and repressive mediators, such as IL-10, Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β), and Indoleamine 2, 3-dioxygenase (IDO), which can maintain self-tolerance in SLE by induction of regulatory T cells (Treg), T cells deletion and anergy. Hence, tolDCs can be a therapeutic candidate for patients with SLE to suppress their systematic inflammation. Recent pre-clinical and clinical studies showed the efficacy of tolDCs therapy in autoimmune diseases. In this review, we provide a wide perspective on the effect of inflDCs in promoting inflammation and the role of tolDC in the suppression of immune cells' overreaction in SLE. Furthermore, we reviewed the finding of clinical trials and experimental studies related to autoimmune diseases, particularly SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bita Mohammadi
- Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Innovative Medical Research Center, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammadreza Saghafi
- Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Innovative Medical Research Center, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Tola Abdulsattar Faraj
- Department of Basic Sciences, College of Medicine, Hawler Medical University, Erbil, Iraq; Department of Medical Analysis, Faculty of Applied Science, Tishk International University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Ramiar Kamal Kheder
- Medical Laboratory Science Department, College of Science, University of Raparin, Rania 46012, Sulaymaniyah, Iraq; Department of Medical Analysis, Faculty of Applied Science, Tishk International University, Erbil, Iraq
| | - Hadi Sajid Abdulabbas
- Continuous Education Department, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Al-Ameed, Karbala 56001, Iraq
| | - Seyed-Alireza Esmaeili
- Immunology Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran; Immunology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
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Qiu C, Yang L, Liu S, Zhang C, Zhang Q, Jin Z. Interleukin-35 dampens T helper 22 phenotype shift in CD4 +CD25 +CD127 dim/- regulatory T cells in primary biliary cholangitis. Int Immunopharmacol 2023:109751. [PMID: 36697307 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.109751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/14/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
The phenotype shift in regulatory T cells (Tregs) contributes to immunopathogenesis of autoimmune diseases. The current study was aimed to investigate the regulatory function of interleukin-35 (IL-35) to T helper 22 (Th22) cell phenotype shift in Tregs in primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). Fifty-five PBC patients and twenty-four controls were enrolled. CD4+CD25+CD127dim/- Tregs and Th22 cells were investigated by flow cytometry. Forkhead box P3 (FoxP3) and aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) mRNA levels were assessed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Plasma IL-10 and IL-22 levels were measured by ELISA. Purified Tregs were stimulated with exogenous IL-35, and were co-cultured with autologous CD4+CD25- T cells. Cellular proliferation and cytokine production was measured. Purified Tregs were also cultured into Th22 condition in the presence or absence of exogenous IL-35, and Th22 phenotype were assessed. PBC patients had lower levels of Treg percentage, FoxP3 mRNA, and plasma IL-10, while had higher levels of Th22 proportion, AhR mRNA, and plasma IL-22. Tregs from PBC patients showed reduced immunosuppressive activity, which presented as increased cellular proliferation, interferon-γ production and decreased IL-35/IL-10 secretion in co-culture system. Tregs shifted into Th22 phenotype in PBC patients with elevated CCR4, CCR6, and CCR10 expression as well as increased IL-22 production. IL-35 not only enhanced inhibitory function of Tregs but also suppressed phenotype shift of Tregs into Th22 phenotype in PBC patients. This process was accompanied by elevation of IL-10 and transforming growth factor-β1 secretion by Tregs from PBC patients. The present data suggested that reduced IL-35 might be insufficient to maintain Tregs function and phenotype shift from Tregs into Th22 phenotype in PBC patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Qiu
- Digestive Disease Center, Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Medicine, The Second Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130041, People's Republic of China
| | - Lanlan Yang
- Digestive Disease Center, Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Medicine, The Second Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130041, People's Republic of China
| | - Siqi Liu
- Digestive Disease Center, Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Medicine, The Second Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130041, People's Republic of China
| | - Chuanhui Zhang
- Digestive Disease Center, Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Medicine, The Second Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130041, People's Republic of China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Digestive Disease Center, Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Medicine, The Second Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130041, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenjing Jin
- Digestive Disease Center, Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Medicine, The Second Hospital, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin Province 130041, People's Republic of China.
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Zhang K, Chen L, Zhu C, Zhang M, Liang C. Current Knowledge of Th22 Cell and IL-22 Functions in Infectious Diseases. Pathogens 2023; 12:pathogens12020176. [PMID: 36839448 PMCID: PMC9965464 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens12020176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
T helper 22 (Th22) cells, a newly defined CD4+ T-cell lineage, are characterized by their distinct cytokine profile, which primarily consists of IL-13, IL-22 and TNF-α. Th22 cells express a wide spectrum of chemokine receptors, such as CCR4, CCR6 and CCR10. The main effector molecule secreted by Th22 cells is IL-22, a member of the IL-10 family, which acts by binding to IL-22R and triggering a complex downstream signaling system. Th22 cells and IL-22 have been found to play variable roles in human immunity. In preventing the progression of infections such as HIV and influenza, Th22/IL-22 exhibited protective anti-inflammatory characteristics, and their deleterious proinflammatory activities have been demonstrated to exacerbate other illnesses, including hepatitis B and Helicobacter pylori infection. Herein, we review the current understanding of Th22 cells, including their definition, differentiation and mechanisms, and the effect of Th22/IL-22 on human infectious diseases. According to studies on Th22 cells, Th22/IL-22 may be a promising therapeutic target and an effective treatment strategy for various infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kunyu Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
- Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
- Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
| | - Chenyu Zhu
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
- Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
| | - Meng Zhang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
- Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
- Correspondence: (M.Z.); (C.L.); Tel./Fax: +86-55162922034 (M.Z.); +86-55162922034 (C.L.)
| | - Chaozhao Liang
- Department of Urology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Genitourinary Diseases, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
- Institute of Urology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230022, China
- Correspondence: (M.Z.); (C.L.); Tel./Fax: +86-55162922034 (M.Z.); +86-55162922034 (C.L.)
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Zamorina S, Timganova V, Bochkova M, Shardina K, Uzhviyuk S, Khramtsov P, Usanina D, Rayev M. The Effect of PEGylated Graphene Oxide Nanoparticles on the Th17-Polarization of Activated T Helpers. Materials (Basel) 2023; 16:877. [PMID: 36676614 PMCID: PMC9865146 DOI: 10.3390/ma16020877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2022] [Revised: 01/06/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the direct effect of PEGylated graphene oxide (P-GO) nanoparticles on the differentiation, viability, and cytokine profile of activated T helper type 17 (Th17) in vitro. The subject of the study were cultures of "naive" T-helpers (CD4+) isolated by immunomagnetic separation and polarized into the Th17 phenotype with a TCR activator and cytokines. It was found that P-GO at low concentrations (5 µg/mL) had no effect on the parameters studied. The presence of high concentrations of P-GO in T-helper cultures (25 μg/mL) did not affect the number and viability of these cells. However, the percentage of proliferating T-helpers in these cultures was reduced. GO nanoparticles modified with linear polyethylene glycol (PEG) significantly increased the percentage of Th17/22 cells in cultures of Th17-polarized T helpers and the production of IFN-γ, whereas those modified with branched PEG suppressed the synthesis of IL-17. Thus, a low concentration of PEGylated GO nanoparticles (5 μg/mL), in contrast to a concentration of 25 μg/mL, has no effect on the Th17-polarization of T helpers, allowing their further use for in-depth studies of the functions of T lymphocytes and other immune cells. Overall, we have studied for the first time the direct effect of P-GO nanoparticles on the conversion of T helper cells to the Th17 phenotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Zamorina
- Branch of the Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Goleva st., 13, Perm 614081, Russia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Perm State National Research University, Bukireva st., 15, Perm 614990, Russia
| | - Valeria Timganova
- Branch of the Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Goleva st., 13, Perm 614081, Russia
| | - Maria Bochkova
- Branch of the Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Goleva st., 13, Perm 614081, Russia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Perm State National Research University, Bukireva st., 15, Perm 614990, Russia
| | - Kseniya Shardina
- Branch of the Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Goleva st., 13, Perm 614081, Russia
| | - Sofya Uzhviyuk
- Branch of the Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Goleva st., 13, Perm 614081, Russia
| | - Pavel Khramtsov
- Branch of the Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Goleva st., 13, Perm 614081, Russia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Perm State National Research University, Bukireva st., 15, Perm 614990, Russia
| | - Darya Usanina
- Branch of the Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Goleva st., 13, Perm 614081, Russia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Perm State National Research University, Bukireva st., 15, Perm 614990, Russia
| | - Mikhail Rayev
- Branch of the Perm Federal Research Center, Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Institute of Ecology and Genetics of Microorganisms, Goleva st., 13, Perm 614081, Russia
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Biology, Perm State National Research University, Bukireva st., 15, Perm 614990, Russia
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Wu J, Yang F, Ma X, Lin J, Chen W. Elderly-onset rheumatoid arthritis vs. polymyalgia rheumatica: Differences in pathogenesis. Front Med (Lausanne) 2023; 9:1083879. [PMID: 36714116 PMCID: PMC9879490 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2022.1083879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic autoimmune disease that mainly affects the facet joints. Elderly-onset rheumatoid arthritis appears to exhibit symptoms similar to those of polymyalgia rheumatica, characterized by morning stiffness and pain in the shoulder and hip joints. Both diseases develop in the elderly, and it is sometimes challenging to distinguish them. Here, we identify the differences in pathogenesis between elderly-onset rheumatoid arthritis and polymyalgia rheumatica to assist with a clear differential diagnosis and effective early intervention.
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Harding D, Chong MHA, Lahoti N, Bigogno CM, Prema R, Mohiddin SA, Marelli-Berg F. Dilated cardiomyopathy and chronic cardiac inflammation: Pathogenesis, diagnosis and therapy. J Intern Med 2023; 293:23-47. [PMID: 36030368 DOI: 10.1111/joim.13556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is typically defined by left ventricular dilation and systolic dysfunction in the absence of a clear precipitant. Idiopathic disease is common; up to 50% of patients with DCM have no cause found despite imaging, genetic and biopsy assessments. Treatment remains focused on managing symptoms, reducing the risk of sudden cardiac death and ameliorating the structural and electrical complications of disease progression. In the absence of aetiology-specific treatments, the condition remains associated with a poor prognosis; mortality is approximately 40% at 10 years. The role of immune-mediated inflammatory injury in the development and progression of DCM was first proposed over 30 years ago. Despite the subsequent failures of three large clinical trials of immunosuppressive treatment (ATTACH, RENEWAL and the Myocarditis Treatment Trial), evidence for an abnormal adaptive immune response in DCM remains significant. In this review, we summarise and discuss available evidence supporting immune dysfunction in DCM, with a specific focus on cellular immunity. We also highlight current clinical and experimental treatments. We propose that the success of future immunosuppressive treatment trials in DCM will be dependent on the deep immunophenotyping of patients, to identify those with active inflammation and/or an abnormal immune response who are most likely to respond to therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Harding
- Centre for Biochemical Pharmacology, William Harvey Research Institute, London, UK
| | - Ming H A Chong
- Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK
| | - Nishant Lahoti
- Conquest Hospital, East Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust, St Leonards-on-Sea, UK
| | - Carola M Bigogno
- Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, London, UK
| | - Roshni Prema
- University Hospital, University Hospitals Coventry and Warwickshire NHS Trust, Coventry, UK
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Feng G, Sun Y, Wang S, Lv Y, Yan C, Zhu Y, Zheng Y, Cui D. Phenotypes of peripheral CD4 + T helper cell subsets in pregnant women with HBeAg-negative chronic asymptomatic HBV carriers. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1126311. [PMID: 36816578 PMCID: PMC9929458 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1126311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major public health problem worldwide, and mother-to-child transmission is the key mode of HBV infection. CD4+ T helper (Th) cells play a critical role in the immune microenvironment of specific maternal tolerance to the foetus during pregnancy. However, the roles of Th cell subsets in pregnant women (PW) with chronic asymptomatic HBV carriers (ASCs) remain completely unclear. Here, we aimed to characterize CD4+ T-cell immunity in PW with hepatitis Be antigen (HBeAg)-negative chronic ASCs. Methods Human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from PW without HBV infection or with chronic ASCs and healthy controls (HC) were isolated, and CD4+ Th cell subsets were detected by flow cytometry in addition to serum cytokines. Serological HBV markers, liver function and hormone levels of these individuals were also tested. Results The frequencies of circulating T follicular helper (Tfh) type 2 (Tfh2) cells were significantly evaluated, but Tfh1 cell frequencies were notably decreased in PW compared to HC. Moreover, the frequencies of Th22 cells were only notably increased in PW with chronic ASCs in comparison with PW. Additionally, increased levels of serum IL-4 were positively correlated with Tfh2 cell frequencies in healthy PW. Interestingly, serum P4 levels were positively associated with the frequencies of circulating Tfh2 or Th2 cells but were negatively related to the frequencies of circulating Tfh17 or Th17 cells in healthy PW. Although there were some changes in the other CD4+ Th cell frequencies and cytokine levels or other references, significant differences were not found among HC, healthy PW, PW with HBeAg-negative chronic ASCs. Conclusion CD4+ Th cell subsets played a critical role in the immune microenvironment of PW, and these findings provided potential evidence for why PW with chronic ASCs did not receive antenatal antiviral prophylaxis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guofang Feng
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yu Sun
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Shifen Wang
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yan Lv
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Cuilin Yan
- Key Laboratory of Clinical In Vitro Diagnostic Techniques of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yimin Zhu
- Department of Reproductive Endocrinology, Women’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yimin Zhu, ; Yongsheng Zheng, ; Dawei Cui,
| | - Yongsheng Zheng
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Affiliated Suzhou Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou Municipal Hospital, Gusu School, Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, China
- *Correspondence: Yimin Zhu, ; Yongsheng Zheng, ; Dawei Cui,
| | - Dawei Cui
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Clinical In Vitro Diagnostic Techniques of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Yimin Zhu, ; Yongsheng Zheng, ; Dawei Cui,
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An Q, Zhao J, Zhu X, Yang B, Wu Z, Su Y, Zhang L, Xu K, Ma D. Exploiting the role of T cells in the pathogenesis of Sjögren's syndrome for therapeutic treatment. Front Immunol 2022; 13:995895. [PMID: 36389806 PMCID: PMC9650646 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.995895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Sjögrens syndrome (SS) is caused by autoantibodies that attack proprioceptive salivary and lacrimal gland tissues. Damage to the glands leads to dry mouth and eyes and affects multiple systems and organs. In severe cases, SS is life-threatening because it can lead to interstitial lung disease, renal insufficiency, and lymphoma. Histological examination of the labial minor salivary glands of patients with SS reveals focal lymphocyte aggregation of T and B cells. More studies have been conducted on the role of B cells in the pathogenesis of SS, whereas the role of T cells has only recently attracted the attention of researchers. This review focusses on the role of various populations of T cells in the pathogenesis of SS and the progress made in research to therapeutically targeting T cells for the treatment of patients with SS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Dan Ma
- Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, China
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Wroński A, Wójcik P. Impact of ROS-Dependent Lipid Metabolism on Psoriasis Pathophysiology. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:12137. [PMID: 36292991 PMCID: PMC9602909 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232012137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Psoriasis is the most common autoimmune disease, yet its pathophysiology is not fully understood. It is now believed that psoriasis is caused by the increased activation of immune cells, especially Th1 lymphocytes. However, in psoriasis, immune cells interfere with the metabolism of keratinocytes, leading to their increased activation. Therefore, the pathophysiology of psoriasis is currently associated with the overproduction of ROS, which are involved in the activation of immune cells and keratinocytes as well as the modulation of various signaling pathways within them. Nevertheless, ROS modulate the immune system by also boosting the increasing generation of various lipid mediators, such as products of lipid peroxidation as well as endocannabinoids and prostaglandins. In psoriasis, the excessive generation of ROS and lipid mediators is observed in different immune cells, such as granulocytes, dendritic cells, and lymphocytes. All of the above may be activated by ROS and lipid mediators, which leads to inflammation. Nevertheless, ROS and lipid mediators regulate lymphocyte differentiation in favor of Th1 and may also interact directly with keratinocytes, which is also observed in psoriasis. Thus, the analysis of the influence of oxidative stress and its consequences for metabolic changes, including lipidomic ones, in psoriasis may be of diagnostic and therapeutic importance.
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Ortiz-López N, Fuenzalida C, Dufeu MS, Pinto-León A, Escobar A, Poniachik J, Roblero JP, Valenzuela-Pérez L, Beltrán CJ. The immune response as a therapeutic target in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Front Immunol 2022; 13:954869. [PMID: 36300120 PMCID: PMC9589255 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.954869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a complex and heterogeneous disorder considered a liver-damaging manifestation of metabolic syndrome. Its prevalence has increased in the last decades due to modern-day lifestyle factors associated with overweight and obesity, making it a relevant public health problem worldwide. The clinical progression of NAFLD is associated with advanced forms of liver injury such as fibrosis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). As such, diverse pharmacological strategies have been implemented over the last few years, principally focused on metabolic pathways involved in NAFLD progression. However, a variable response rate has been observed in NAFLD patients, which is explained by the interindividual heterogeneity of susceptibility to liver damage. In this scenario, it is necessary to search for different therapeutic approaches. It is worth noting that chronic low-grade inflammation constitutes a central mechanism in the pathogenesis and progression of NAFLD, associated with abnormal composition of the intestinal microbiota, increased lymphocyte activation in the intestine and immune effector mechanisms in liver. This review aims to discuss the current knowledge about the role of the immune response in NAFLD development. We have focused mainly on the impact of altered gut-liver-microbiota axis communication on immune cell activation in the intestinal mucosa and the role of subsequent lymphocyte homing to the liver in NAFLD development. We further discuss novel clinical trials that addressed the control of the liver and intestinal immune response to complement current NAFLD therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolás Ortiz-López
- Laboratory of Immunogastroenterology, Unit of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Catalina Fuenzalida
- Laboratory of Immunogastroenterology, Unit of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - María Soledad Dufeu
- Laboratory of Immunogastroenterology, Unit of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Araceli Pinto-León
- Laboratory of Immunogastroenterology, Unit of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | | | - Jaime Poniachik
- Unit of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan Pablo Roblero
- Unit of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Lucía Valenzuela-Pérez
- Laboratory of Immunogastroenterology, Unit of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Caroll J. Beltrán
- Laboratory of Immunogastroenterology, Unit of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Wang Y, Yu H, Li J, Liu W, Yu S, Lv P, Zhao L, Wang X, Zuo Z, Liu X. Th22 cells induce Müller cell activation via the Act1/TRAF6 pathway in diabetic retinopathy. Cell Tissue Res 2022; 390:367-383. [PMID: 36201050 DOI: 10.1007/s00441-022-03689-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
T helper 22 (Th22) cells have been implicated in diabetic retinopathy (DR), but it remains unclear whether Th22 cells involve in the pathogenesis of DR. To investigate the role of Th22 cells in DR mice, the animal models were established by intraperitoneal injection of STZ and confirmed by fundus fluorescein angiography and retinal haematoxylin-eosin staining. IL-22BP was administered by intravitreal injection. IL-22 level was measured by ELISA in vivo and in vitro. The expression of IL-22Rα1 in the retina was assessed by immunofluorescence. We assessed GFAP, VEGF, ICAM-1, inflammatory-associated factors and the integrity of blood-retinal barrier in control, DR, IL-22BP, and sham group. Müller cells were co-cultured with Th22 cells, and the expression of the above proteins was measured by immunoblotting. Plasmid transfection technique was used to silence Act1 gene in Müller cells. Results in vivo and in vitro indicated that Th22 cells infiltrated into the DR retinal and IL-22Rα1 expressed in Müller cells. Th22 cells promoted Müller cells activation and inflammatory factor secretion by secreting IL-22 compared with high-glucose stimulation alone. In addition, IL-22BP ameliorated the pathological alterations of the retina in DR. Inhibition of the inflammatory signalling cascade through Act1 knockdown alleviated DR-like pathology. All in all, the results suggested that Th22 cells infiltrated into the retina and secreted IL-22 in DR, and then IL-22 binding with IL-22Rα1 activated the Act1/TRAF6 signal pathway, and promoted the inflammatory of Müller cells and involved the pathogenesis of DR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufei Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Diabetic Cognitive and Perceptive Dysfunction, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China.,Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Hongdan Yu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Diabetic Cognitive and Perceptive Dysfunction, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China.,Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Jing Li
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Diabetic Cognitive and Perceptive Dysfunction, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Wenqiang Liu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Diabetic Cognitive and Perceptive Dysfunction, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China.,Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Shengxue Yu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Diabetic Cognitive and Perceptive Dysfunction, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China.,Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Pan Lv
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Diabetic Cognitive and Perceptive Dysfunction, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China.,Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Lipan Zhao
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Diabetic Cognitive and Perceptive Dysfunction, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China.,Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Xiaobai Wang
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Diabetic Cognitive and Perceptive Dysfunction, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China.,Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China
| | - Zhongfu Zuo
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Diabetic Cognitive and Perceptive Dysfunction, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China. .,Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China. .,Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Postdoctoral Research Station, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, China.
| | - Xuezheng Liu
- Liaoning Key Laboratory of Diabetic Cognitive and Perceptive Dysfunction, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China. .,Department of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Jinzhou Medical University, Jinzhou, China.
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Jin X, Chen J, Wu J, Lu Y, Li B, Fu W, Wang W, Cui D. Aberrant expansion of follicular helper T cell subsets in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Front Immunol 2022; 13:928359. [PMID: 36119056 PMCID: PMC9478104 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.928359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic and complex autoimmune disease characterized by multiple autoantibodies, resulting in multiple organ and tissue damages. These pathogenic autoantibodies produced by B cells are closely correlated with follicular helper T (Tfh) cell subsets that play a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of SLE. The aim of the present study was to study the phenotype and role of circulating Tfh (cTfh) cell subsets and associated B cell subpopulations in active and inactive SLE patients. Methods Thirty SLE outpatients and 24 healthy controls (HCs) were enrolled in this study. The frequency of cTfh cell and B cell subsets in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and the plasma levels of eight cytokines were determined by flow cytometry, and plasma IL-21 levels were measured by ELISA. Meanwhile, we used MRL/lpr mice as the model of SLE to research the alterations of Tfh cells in the thymus and spleen of mice. Results Frequencies of CD4+CXCR5+CD45RA-effector cTfh cells, PD1+cTfh, PD1+ICOS+cTfh, PD1+cTfh1, PD1+cTfh2, PD1+cTfh17, and PD1+ICOS+cTfh1 cells as well as plasmablasts showed significant differences among HC, active and inactive SLE patients. Moreover, cytokines typically associated with cTfh cells, including IL-6 and IL-21, were elevated in active SLE patients compared to inactive SLE patients and HCs. Additionally, a positive correlation was observed between PD1+ICOS+ cTfh or PD1+ICOS+ cTfh1 cell frequencies and plasmablasts or IL-21 levels, as well as between plasmablasts. We also found PD1+ICOS+ Tfh cells expansion in both thymus and spleen of MRL/lpr mice, accompanied by increased frequencies in B cells and plasmablasts, meanwhile, cTfh1which expressing IFN-γ was increased in the peripheral blood of MRL/lpr mice. Conclusion Tfh cell subsets and plasmablasts may play a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of SLE and may provide potential targets for therapeutic interventions for SLE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Jin
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jia Chen
- Department of Nephrology Research, The Second Clinical Medical College, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jian Wu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Suzhou Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ying Lu
- Department of Rheumatology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Baohua Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wenning Fu
- Department of Rheumatology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
| | - Wei Wang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Dawei Cui, ; Wei Wang,
| | - Dawei Cui
- Department of Blood Transfusion, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Dawei Cui, ; Wei Wang,
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Tang F, Liu S, Cheng F, Wang Q, Wang X. Liangxue Xiaoban decoction and its disassembled prescriptions ameliorate psoriasis-like skin lesions induced by imiquimod in mice via T cell regulation. Journal of Traditional Chinese Medical Sciences 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcms.2022.09.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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45
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Vitales-noyola M, Hernández-castro B, Alvarado-hernández D, Baranda L, Bernal-silva S, Abud-mendoza C, Niño-moreno P, González-amaro R, Zhong J. Levels of Pathogenic Th17 and Th22 Cells in Patients with Rheumatoid Arthritis. J Immunol Res 2022; 2022:1-10. [PMID: 35996623 PMCID: PMC9392632 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5398743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune condition characterized, among others, by tissue damage and activation/differentiation of proinflammatory lymphocytes. Accordingly, several studies have concluded that type 17 T helper (Th17) cells seem to have an important role in the pathogenesis of this condition. However, the strategy for the identification and analysis of proinflammatory Th17 cells in those studies has not been consistent and has usually been different from what was originally described. Therefore, we decided to evaluate the levels of Th17 cells in patients with RA employing an extended immune phenotype by using an eight-color multiparametric flow cytometry analysis. For this purpose, blood samples were obtained from 30 patients with RA and 16 healthy subjects, and the levels of Th17 and type 22 helper (Th22) lymphocytes were analyzed as well as the in vitro differentiation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells into Th17 lymphocytes induced by interleukin-23 (IL-23) and IL-1β. We found significant enhanced levels of total Th17 lymphocytes (defined as CD4+IL-17+) as well as enhanced numbers of their pathogenic (defined as CD4+CXCR3+IL-17+IL-22+CD243+CD161+IFN-γ+IL-10−) and nonpathogenic (CD4+CXCR3+IL-17+IL-22−CD243−CD161−IFN-γ−IL-10+) cell subsets in patients with RA. Likewise, the number of Th22 (CD4+CXCR3+/-IL-17−IL-22+) was also increased in these patients compared to healthy controls. However, the in vitro induction/differentiation of pathogenic Th17 cells showed similar results in controls and patients with RA. Likewise, no significant associations were detected in patients with RA between the levels of Th17 or Th22 cells and clinical or laboratory parameters. Our data indicate that patients with RA show enhanced blood levels of the different subsets of Th17 cells and Th22 lymphocytes tested in this study and suggest that these levels are not apparently associated with clinical or laboratory parameters.
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Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a common pathological feature of end stage liver failure, a severe life-threatening disease worldwide. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), especially its more severe form with steatohepatitis (NASH), results from obesity, type 2 diabetes and metabolic syndrome and becomes a leading cause of liver fibrosis. Genetic factor, lipid overload/toxicity, oxidative stress and inflammation have all been implicated in the development and progression of NASH. Both innate immune response and adaptive immunity contribute to NASH-associated inflammation. Innate immunity may cause inflammation and subsequently fibrosis via danger-associated molecular patterns. Increasing evidence indicates that T cell-mediated adaptive immunity also provokes inflammation and fibrosis in NASH via cytotoxicity, cytokines and other proinflammatory and profibrotic mediators. Recently, the single-cell transcriptome profiling has revealed that the populations of CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, γδ T cells, and TEMs are expanded in the liver with NASH. The activation of T cells requires antigen presentation from professional antigen-presenting cells (APCs), including macrophages, dendritic cells, and B-cells. However, since hepatocytes express MHCII molecules and costimulators, they may also act as an atypical APC to promote T cell activation. Additionally, the phenotypic switch of hepatocytes to proinflammatory cells in NASH contributes to the development of inflammation. In this review, we focus on T cells and in particular CD4+ T cells and discuss the role of different subsets of CD4+ T cells including Th1, Th2, Th17, Th22, and Treg in NASH-related liver inflammation and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfeng Zhou
- Department of Physiology, Medical Research Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Haibo Zhang
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yao Yao
- Division of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Wuhu Hospital & Health Science Center, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China
| | - Youfei Guan
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Feng Zheng
- Advanced Institute for Medical Sciences, Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
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Abstract
T helper 22 (Th22) cells are a newly identified subset of CD4+ T cells that secrete the effector cytokine interleukin 22 (IL-22) upon specific antigen stimulation, barely with IFN-γ or IL-17. Increasing studies have demonstrated that Th22 cells and IL-22 play essential roles in skin barrier defense and skin disease pathogenesis since the IL-22 receptor is widely expressed in the skin, especially in keratinocytes. Herein, we reviewed the characterization, differentiation, and biological activities of Th22 cells and elucidated their roles in skin health and disease. We mainly focused on the intricate crosstalk between Th22 cells and keratinocytes and provided potential therapeutic strategies targeting the Th22/IL-22 signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Pan
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Dermatology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Dan Du
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Lian Wang
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xiaoyun Wang
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Dermatology, China Institute of Inflammation and Immunology (CIII), Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Gu He
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Dermatology, China Institute of Inflammation and Immunology (CIII), Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Gu He, ; Xian Jiang,
| | - Xian Jiang
- Department of Dermatology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Dermatology, China Institute of Inflammation and Immunology (CIII), Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Gu He, ; Xian Jiang,
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Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease that involves T and B cells and their reciprocal immune interactions with proinflammatory cytokines. T cells, an essential part of the immune system, play an important role in RA. T helper 1 (Th1) cells induce interferon-γ (IFN-γ), tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin (IL)-2, which are proinflammatory cytokines, leading to cartilage destruction and bone erosion. Th2 cells primarily secrete IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13, which exert anti-inflammatory and anti-osteoclastogenic effects in inflammatory arthritis models. IL-22 secreted by Th17 cells promotes the proliferation of synovial fibroblasts through induction of the chemokine C-C chemokine ligand 2 (CCL2). T follicular helper (Tfh) cells produce IL-21, which is key for B cell stimulation by the C-X-C chemokine receptor 5 (CXCR5) and coexpression with programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) and/or inducible T cell costimulator (ICOS). PD-1 inhibits T cell proliferation and cytokine production. In addition, there are many immunomodulatory agents that promote or inhibit the immunomodulatory role of T helper cells in RA to alleviate disease progression. These findings help to elucidate the aetiology and treatment of RA and point us toward the next steps. Cite this article: Bone Joint Res 2022;11(7):426–438.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Luo
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Peixu Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, China-Japan Friendship Institute of Clinical Medicine, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Graduate School of Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Jiawen Xu
- Department of Orthopedics, Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weikun Hou
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Peng Xu
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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Shen X, Wei H, Li J, Wei W, Zhang B, Lu C, Yan C, Li S, Bao L, Zhang J, Zhang C, Li Y. Ectopic Colonization and Immune Landscapes of Periodontitis Microbiota in Germ-Free Mice With Streptozotocin-Induced Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:889415. [PMID: 35756043 PMCID: PMC9226645 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.889415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
A two-way relationship between diabetes and periodontitis has been discussed recently. Periodontitis microbiota might affect the immune homeostasis of diabetes, but the molecular mechanism of their interactions is still not clear. The aims of this study were to clarify the possible immune regulatory effects of periodontitis microbiota on diabetes and the correlation between immunomodulation and ectopic colonization. A model of germ-free mice with streptozotocin-induced type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D), which was orally inoculated with mixed saliva samples for 2 weeks, was used in this study. Those mice were randomly divided into two groups, namely, SP (where the T1D mice were orally inoculated with mixed saliva samples from periodontitis patients) and SH (where the T1D mice were orally inoculated with mixed saliva samples from healthy subjects). Ectopic colonization of saliva microbiota was assessed using culture-dependent method and Sanger sequencing, and the composition of gut microbiota was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Changes in 15 types of immune cells and six cytokines either from the small intestine or spleen were detected by multicolor flow cytometry. The correlation between gut microbiota and immune cells was evaluated by redundancy analysis. Although periodontitis microbiota minorly colonized the lungs, spleens, and blood system, they predominantly colonized the gut, which was mainly invaded by Klebsiella. SH and SP differed in beta diversity of the gut bacterial community. Compared to SH, microbial alteration in small intestine occurred with an increase of Lacticaseibacillus, Bacillus, Agathobacter, Bacteroides, and a decrease of Raoultella in SP. More types of immune cells were disordered in the spleen than in the small intestine by periodontitis microbiota, mainly with a dramatical increase in the proportion of macrophages, plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), monocytes, group 3 innate lymphoid cells, CD4-CD8- T cells and Th17 cells, as well as a decline of αβT cells in SP. Cytokines of IFNγ, IL17, and IL22 produced by CD4 + T cells as well as IL22 produced by ILCs of small intestine rose in numbers, and the intestinal and splenic pDCs were positively regulated by gut bacterial community in SP. In conclusion, periodontitis microbiota invasion leads to ectopic colonization of the extra-oral sites and immune cells infiltration, which might cause local or systemic inflammation. Those cells are considered to act as a “bridge” between T1D and periodontitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hong Wei
- Central Laboratory, Clinical Medicine Scientific and Technical Innovation Park, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jian Li
- Institute of Immunology, PLA, Army Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Stomatology, Minda Hospital of Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, China
| | - Changqing Lu
- Department of Anatomy, West China School of Basic Medical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Caixia Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Shuzhen Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Lirong Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinmei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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Navaneethabalakrishnan S, Smith HL, Arenaz CM, Goodlett BL, McDermott JG, Mitchell BM. Update on Immune Mechanisms in Hypertension. Am J Hypertens 2022; 35:842-851. [PMID: 35704473 PMCID: PMC9527774 DOI: 10.1093/ajh/hpac077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Revised: 06/09/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
The contribution of immune cells in the initiation and maintenance of hypertension is undeniable. Several studies have established the association between hypertension, inflammation, and immune cells from the innate and adaptive immune systems. Here, we provide an update to our 2017 American Journal of Hypertension review on the overview of the cellular immune responses involved in hypertension. Further, we discuss the activation of immune cells and their contribution to the pathogenesis of hypertension in different in vivo models. We also highlight existing gaps in the field of hypertension that need attention. The main goal of this review is to provide a knowledge base for translational research to develop therapeutic strategies that can improve cardiovascular health in humans.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Cristina M Arenaz
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M College of Medicine, Bryan, Texas, USA
| | - Bethany L Goodlett
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M College of Medicine, Bryan, Texas, USA
| | - Justin G McDermott
- Department of Medical Physiology, Texas A&M College of Medicine, Bryan, Texas, USA
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