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Delanote J, Correa Rojo A, Wells PM, Steves CJ, Ertaylan G. Systematic identification of the role of gut microbiota in mental disorders: a TwinsUK cohort study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:3626. [PMID: 38351227 PMCID: PMC10864280 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-53929-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Mental disorders are complex disorders influenced by multiple genetic, environmental, and biological factors. Specific microbiota imbalances seem to affect mental health status. However, the mechanisms by which microbiota disturbances impact the presence of depression, stress, anxiety, and eating disorders remain poorly understood. Currently, there are no robust biomarkers identified. We proposed a novel pyramid-layer design to accurately identify microbial/metabolomic signatures underlying mental disorders in the TwinsUK registry. Monozygotic and dizygotic twins discordant for mental disorders were screened, in a pairwise manner, for differentially abundant bacterial genera and circulating metabolites. In addition, multivariate analyses were performed, accounting for individual-level confounders. Our pyramid-layer study design allowed us to overcome the limitations of cross-sectional study designs with significant confounder effects and resulted in an association of the abundance of genus Parabacteroides with the diagnosis of mental disorders. Future research should explore the potential role of Parabacteroides as a mediator of mental health status. Our results indicate the potential role of the microbiome as a modifier in mental disorders that might contribute to the development of novel methodologies to assess personal risk and intervention strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Delanote
- Sustainable Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
| | - Alejandro Correa Rojo
- Sustainable Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium
- Data Science Institute, Interuniversity Institute for Biostatistics and Statistical Bioinformatics (I-BioStat), Hasselt University, Diepenbeek, Belgium
| | - Philippa M Wells
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, 3-4th Floor South Wing Block D, Westminster Bridge Road, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Claire J Steves
- Department of Twin Research and Genetic Epidemiology, King's College London, St Thomas' Hospital, 3-4th Floor South Wing Block D, Westminster Bridge Road, London, SE1 7EH, UK
- Department of Ageing and Health, St Thomas' Hospital, 9th floor, North Wing, Westminster Bridge Road, London, SE1 7EH, UK
| | - Gökhan Ertaylan
- Sustainable Health, Flemish Institute for Technological Research (VITO), Mol, Belgium.
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Kaggwa MM, Prat S, Davids A, Robbins A, Erb B, Mamak M, Chaimowitz GA, Olagunju AT. Electroretinography and suicidal behaviors: a systematic review. BMC Psychiatry 2023; 23:948. [PMID: 38102572 PMCID: PMC10724949 DOI: 10.1186/s12888-023-05453-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Electroretinogram (ERG) is one of the tools used to investigate the electrophysiological underpinnings of mental health illnesses and major clinical phenomena (e.g., suicide) to improve their diagnosis and care. While multiple studies have reported specific ERG changes among individuals with suicidal behaviors, we know of no review that has been done to characterize their findings to inform future research. METHODS This review included available literature concerning ERG and suicidal behaviors. The paper's first section briefly overviews the theoretical basis of ERG and neurotransmitters involved in suicidal behaviors. The second section describes the findings of a review of studies reporting ERG findings among individuals with suicidal behaviors. RESULTS Most reviewed studies reported normal amplitude and implicit time of the a-waves, but the latency in individuals with suicidal behaviors was lower than normal. Additionally, the b-waves amplitude was reduced, but the implicit time and latency were increased. The b-a amplitude ratio and oscillatory potential were decreased. CONCLUSION Despite identifying certain ERG correlates with suicidal behaviors in the existing studies, there is a need for adequately powered and methodologically robust studies to advance clinical translation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Mohan Kaggwa
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
- Forensic Psychiatry Program, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada.
- Department of Psychiatry, Mbarara University of Science and Technology, Mbarara, Uganda.
| | - Sebastien Prat
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Forensic Psychiatry Program, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Arianna Davids
- Forensic Psychiatry Program, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Amara Robbins
- Forensic Psychiatry Program, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Bailea Erb
- Forensic Psychiatry Program, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Mini Mamak
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Forensic Psychiatry Program, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Gary Andrew Chaimowitz
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Forensic Psychiatry Program, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada
| | - Andrew T Olagunju
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Neurosciences, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Forensic Psychiatry Program, St. Joseph's Healthcare, Hamilton, ON, Canada
- Discipline of Psychiatry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, 5000, Australia
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Vahid F, Rahmani W, Davoodi SH, Bohn T. Mental Health Conditions, Including Depression and Stress, Are Associated with Increased Odds of Gastric Cancer-Insights into the Role of Diet: A Case-Control Study. Nutrients 2023; 15:4981. [PMID: 38068839 PMCID: PMC10708069 DOI: 10.3390/nu15234981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Several risk factors, including nutritional/lifestyle ones, play a role in gastric cancer etiology. Further interactions with mental health have also been emphasized. We hypothesized that individuals with mental disorders would exhibit compromised nutrient intake, increasing their risk of gastric cancer. The state of mental health was evaluated in 82 patients with gastric cancer and 95 healthy controls using the 21-item Depression-Anxiety-Stress Scale. The participants' dietary intakes were evaluated by a 168-item food frequency questionnaire. Based on fully adjusted logistic regressions, there was a significant association between depression (OR = 1.938, CI 95%: 1.009-3.723) and stress (OR = 2.630, CI 95%: 1.014-6.819) with increased odds of gastric cancer. According to fully adjusted multinomial regressions, vitamins A and B6, beta-carotene, and black tea decreased the odds of depression, based on comparing the control group with cases of depression, while sugar and salt increased its odds. The highest significant association was found for salt intake and anxiety in cases with present anxiety (OR = 4.899, 95% CI: 2.218-10.819), and the highest significant protective effect was found for vitamin B6 and depression in cases with present depression (OR = 0.132, 95% CI: 0.055-0.320). However, considering causal relationships and clarifying the underlying mechanisms is imperative and requires further investigation. Advising healthy dietary patterns, e.g., a Mediterranean diet rich in vitamins, minerals, and phytochemicals such as vitamin A, B6, beta-carotene, and fiber, is expected to reduce the odds of gastric cancer, possibly related to lower levels of anxiety and depression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farhad Vahid
- Nutrition and Health Research Group, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1445 Strassen, Luxembourg;
| | - Wena Rahmani
- School of Medicine, Arak University of Medical Science, Arak 3848176941, Iran
| | - Sayed Hossein Davoodi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, Faculty of Nutrition and Food Technology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1981619573, Iran
| | - Torsten Bohn
- Nutrition and Health Research Group, Department of Precision Health, Luxembourg Institute of Health, 1445 Strassen, Luxembourg;
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Sato K, Suzuki F, Tsujiguchi H, Hara A, Kannon T, Miyagi S, Suzuki K, Nakamura M, Takazawa C, Shibata A, Tsuboi H, Shimizu Y, Nguyen TTT, Konoshita T, Ono Y, Hayashi K, Tajima A, Nakamura H. Relationship between Vitamin Intake and Resilience Based on Sex in Middle-Aged and Older Japanese Adults: Results of the Shika Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14235042. [PMID: 36501073 PMCID: PMC9738285 DOI: 10.3390/nu14235042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 11/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Epidemiological studies reported that resilience, generally regarded as the ability to manage stress in the face of adversity, correlates with mental health in middle-aged and older adults. Currently, there is limited information on eating habits that affect resilience. Therefore, this cross-sectional study investigated the relationship between vitamin intake and resilience based on sex in community-dwelling middle-aged and older individuals in Shika town, Ishikawa Prefecture, Japan. A total of 221 participants (106 men and 115 women) aged 40 years or older were included in the analysis. We assessed vitamin intake and resilience using a brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire (BDHQ) and the resilience scale (RS), respectively. A two-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) revealed that higher intakes of β-carotene and vitamin K were associated with higher RS in women, but not in men. Furthermore, a multiple logistic regression analysis stratified by sex showed that β-carotene and vitamin K were significant independent variables for RS only in women. The present study suggests that higher intakes of β-carotene and vitamin K were associated with higher resilience among middle-aged and older women. The results obtained demonstrate that β-carotene and vitamin K intakes may enhance resilience by strengthening stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuniko Sato
- Department of Clinical Cognitive Neuroscience, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Suzuki
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
- Community Medicine Support Dentistry, Ohu University Hospital, Koriyama 963-8611, Japan
| | - Hiromasa Tsujiguchi
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-76-265-2218; Fax: +81-76-234-4233
| | - Akinori Hara
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Takayuki Kannon
- Department of Biomedical Data Science, School of Medicine, Fujita Health University, 1-98 Dengakugakubo, Kutsukake-cho, Toyoake 470-1192, Japan
| | - Sakae Miyagi
- Innovative Clinical Research Center, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa 920-8641, Japan
| | - Keita Suzuki
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Masaharu Nakamura
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Chie Takazawa
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Aki Shibata
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Hirohito Tsuboi
- Graduate School of Human Nursing, The University of Shiga Prefecture, 2500 Hassaka-cho, Hikone 522-8533, Japan
| | - Yukari Shimizu
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Komatsu University, 14-1 Mukaimotorimachi, Komatsu 923-0961, Japan
| | - Thao Thi Thu Nguyen
- Faculty of Public Health, Haiphong University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ngo Quyen, Hai Phong 180000, Vietnam
| | - Tadashi Konoshita
- Third Department of Internal Medicine, University of Fukui Faculty of Medical Sciences, 23-3 Matsuoka Shimoaizuki, Eiheiji-cho, Yoshida-gun, Fukui 910-1193, Japan
| | - Yasuki Ono
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Graduate School of Medicine, Hirosaki University, 1 Bunkyocyo, Hirosaki 036-8224, Japan
| | - Koichi Hayashi
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
- Department of Food Sciences and Nutrition, School of Human Environmental Sciences, Mukogawa Women’s University, 6-46, Ikebiraki-cho, Nishinomiya 663-8558, Japan
| | - Atsushi Tajima
- Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences Research Center, Kanazawa University, 1-13 Takaramachi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
- Department of Bioinformatics and Genomics, Graduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Nakamura
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Medical, Pharmaceutical and Health Sciences, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
- Department of Hygiene and Public Health, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
- Department of Public Health, Graduate School of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takaramachi, Kanazawa 920-8640, Japan
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Lambert J, Xavier T, Berger K, Peairs A. A strategy for exploring subgroup-specific effects in nutrition science. J Nutr Sci 2022; 11:e106. [DOI: 10.1017/jns.2022.107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Nutrients are an essential part of building and maintaining optimal health. Certain nutrient exposure has been shown to be associated with many important health outcomes, although there is variability among studies. Despite the scientific efforts of many, it is unclear why some well-hypothesised nutrients lack sufficient evidence for clear association with health outcomes. One potential reason for conflicting results is that certain subgroups of patients benefit or are harmed more by adequate or inadequate exposure to certain nutrients. These subgroup-specific effects have historically not been studied, or if they are, it is often in a one-off type of approach where the investigator believes that a subgroup effect could exist based on limited previous data. In the era of big data, improvements can be made in efforts to generate new hypotheses for subgroups of patients and recommendations for precision nutrition can be made. In the present paper, we present a strategy for exploring subgroup-specific effects in nutrient-related studies. This data-driven method can be useful in secondarily exploring which subgroups are harmed/helped most by inadequate/adequate nutrient exposure and could suggest target groups for future clinical trials to test the identified hypotheses. We then present an example study utilizing the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data from the years 2001–2006. In this example, a limited selection of nutrients is protective in subgroups of participants with diabetes on their self-reported number of poor mental health days.
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