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Ma Y, Wang S, Wang H, Chen X, Shuai Y, Wang H, Mao Y, He F. Mesenchymal stem cells and dental implant osseointegration during aging: from mechanisms to therapy. Stem Cell Res Ther 2023; 14:382. [PMID: 38124153 PMCID: PMC10734190 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-023-03611-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental implants are widely used to replace missing teeth, providing patients with unparalleled levels of effectiveness, convenience, and affordability. The biological basis for the clinical success of dental implants is osseointegration. Bone aging is a high-risk factor for the reduced osseointegration and survival rates of dental implants. In aged individuals, mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in the bone marrow show imbalanced differentiation with a reduction in osteogenesis and an increase in adipogenesis. This leads to impaired osseointegration and implant failure. This review focuses on the molecular mechanisms underlying the dysfunctional differentiation of aged MSCs, which primarily include autophagy, transcription factors, extracellular vesicle secretion, signaling pathways, epigenetic modifications, microRNAs, and oxidative stress. Furthermore, this review addresses the pathological changes in MSCs that affect osseointegration and discusses potential therapeutic interventions to enhance osseointegration by manipulating the mechanisms underlying MSC aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ma
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Siyuan Wang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoyu Chen
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yi Shuai
- Nanjing Jinling Hospital: East Region Military Command General Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Huiming Wang
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Yingjie Mao
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Fuming He
- Stomatology Hospital, School of Stomatology, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Zhejiang Provincial Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Key Laboratory of Oral Biomedical Research of Zhejiang Province, Cancer Center of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
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Lian L, Sun Q, Huang X, Li W, Cui Y, Pan Y, Yang X, Wang P. Inhibition of Cell Apoptosis by Apicomplexan Protozoa-Host Interaction in the Early Stage of Infection. Animals (Basel) 2023; 13:3817. [PMID: 38136854 PMCID: PMC10740567 DOI: 10.3390/ani13243817] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Apicomplexan protozoa, which are a group of specialized intracellular parasitic protozoa, infect humans and other animals and cause a variety of diseases. The lack of research on the interaction mechanism between Apicomplexan protozoa and their hosts is a key factor restricting the development of new drugs and vaccines. In the early stages of infection, cell apoptosis is inhibited by Apicomplexan protozoa through their interaction with the host cells; thereby, the survival and reproduction of Apicomplexan protozoa in host cells is promoted. In this review, the key virulence proteins and pathways are introduced regarding the inhibition of cell apoptosis by the interaction between the protozoa and their host during the early stage of Apicomplexan protozoa infection. It provides a theoretical basis for the development of drugs or vaccines for protozoal diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyin Lian
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Provincial Engineering Research Center for Animal Health Diagnostics & Advanced Technology, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, China Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (L.L.); (Q.S.); (X.H.); (W.L.); (Y.C.); (X.Y.)
| | - Qian Sun
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Provincial Engineering Research Center for Animal Health Diagnostics & Advanced Technology, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, China Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (L.L.); (Q.S.); (X.H.); (W.L.); (Y.C.); (X.Y.)
| | - Xinyi Huang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Provincial Engineering Research Center for Animal Health Diagnostics & Advanced Technology, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, China Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (L.L.); (Q.S.); (X.H.); (W.L.); (Y.C.); (X.Y.)
| | - Wanjing Li
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Provincial Engineering Research Center for Animal Health Diagnostics & Advanced Technology, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, China Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (L.L.); (Q.S.); (X.H.); (W.L.); (Y.C.); (X.Y.)
| | - Yanjun Cui
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Provincial Engineering Research Center for Animal Health Diagnostics & Advanced Technology, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, China Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (L.L.); (Q.S.); (X.H.); (W.L.); (Y.C.); (X.Y.)
| | - Yuebo Pan
- Gansu Polytechnic College of Animal Husbandry and Engineering, Wuwei 733006, China
| | - Xianyu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Provincial Engineering Research Center for Animal Health Diagnostics & Advanced Technology, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, China Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (L.L.); (Q.S.); (X.H.); (W.L.); (Y.C.); (X.Y.)
| | - Pu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Applied Technology on Green-Eco-Healthy Animal Husbandry of Zhejiang Province, Provincial Engineering Research Center for Animal Health Diagnostics & Advanced Technology, Zhejiang International Science and Technology Cooperation Base for Veterinary Medicine and Health Management, China Australia Joint Laboratory for Animal Health Big Data Analytics, College of Animal Science and Technology & College of Veterinary Medicine, Zhejiang A & F University, Hangzhou 311300, China; (L.L.); (Q.S.); (X.H.); (W.L.); (Y.C.); (X.Y.)
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Yasir M, Park J, Chun W. EWS/FLI1 Characterization, Activation, Repression, Target Genes and Therapeutic Opportunities in Ewing Sarcoma. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15173. [PMID: 37894854 PMCID: PMC10607184 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242015173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/12/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite their clonal origins, tumors eventually develop into complex communities made up of phenotypically different cell subpopulations, according to mounting evidence. Tumor cell-intrinsic programming and signals from geographically and temporally changing microenvironments both contribute to this variability. Furthermore, the mutational load is typically lacking in childhood malignancies of adult cancers, and they still exhibit high cellular heterogeneity levels largely mediated by epigenetic mechanisms. Ewing sarcomas represent highly aggressive malignancies affecting both bone and soft tissue, primarily afflicting adolescents. Unfortunately, the outlook for patients facing relapsed or metastatic disease is grim. These tumors are primarily fueled by a distinctive fusion event involving an FET protein and an ETS family transcription factor, with the most prevalent fusion being EWS/FLI1. Despite originating from a common driver mutation, Ewing sarcoma cells display significant variations in transcriptional activity, both within and among tumors. Recent research has pinpointed distinct fusion protein activities as a principal source of this heterogeneity, resulting in markedly diverse cellular phenotypes. In this review, we aim to characterize the role of the EWS/FLI fusion protein in Ewing sarcoma by exploring its general mechanism of activation and elucidating its implications for tumor heterogeneity. Additionally, we delve into potential therapeutic opportunities to target this aberrant fusion protein in the context of Ewing sarcoma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Wanjoo Chun
- Department of Pharmacology, Kangwon National University School of Medicine, Chuncheon 24341, Republic of Korea; (M.Y.); (J.P.)
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Ibarra-Soria X, Thierion E, Mok GF, Münsterberg AE, Odom DT, Marioni JC. A transcriptional and regulatory map of mouse somite maturation. Dev Cell 2023; 58:1983-1995.e7. [PMID: 37499658 PMCID: PMC10563765 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2023.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/04/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
The mammalian body plan is shaped by rhythmic segmentation of mesoderm into somites, which are transient embryonic structures that form down each side of the neural tube. We have analyzed the genome-wide transcriptional and chromatin dynamics occurring within nascent somites, from early inception of somitogenesis to the latest stages of body plan establishment. We created matched gene expression and open chromatin maps for the three leading pairs of somites at six time points during mouse embryonic development. We show that the rate of somite differentiation accelerates as development progresses. We identified a conserved maturation program followed by all somites, but somites from more developed embryos concomitantly switch on differentiation programs from derivative cell lineages soon after segmentation. Integrated analysis of the somitic transcriptional and chromatin activities identified opposing regulatory modules controlling the onset of differentiation. Our results provide a powerful, high-resolution view of the molecular genetics underlying somitic development in mammals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ximena Ibarra-Soria
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK.
| | - Elodie Thierion
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK
| | - Gi Fay Mok
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Andrea E Münsterberg
- School of Biological Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich Research Park, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Duncan T Odom
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK; DKFZ, Division of Regulatory Genomics and Cancer Evolution B270, Im Neunheimer Feld 280, Heidelberg, 69120, Germany.
| | - John C Marioni
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Li Ka Shing Centre, Robinson Way, Cambridge CB2 0RE, UK; European Molecular Biology Laboratory, European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge CB10 1SD, UK; Wellcome Sanger Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK.
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Zhang L, He Y, Tu X, Wang C, Ding X, Ye R, Shi J, Xie Y, Jiang Y, Deng X. FOXC2 as a prognostic marker and a potential molecular target in patients with human solid tumors. Front Surg 2022; 9:960698. [DOI: 10.3389/fsurg.2022.960698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundForkhead Box Protein C2 (FOXC2) belongs to the Forkhead/Wing-helix family. The regulatory role of this transcription factor in physiological function and carcinogenic activity has been proven in subsequent investigations. However, there is still scarcity of evidence on the relationship between FOXC2 expression and prognosis in human solid tumors. We conducted this meta-analysis to evaluate the role of FOXC2 as a prognosis factor and a possible target marker in human solid tumors.MethodsPubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and the Cochrane library database were all searched methodically. Eligible publications on FOXC2 in human solid tumors were gathered and reviewed. The effect sizes were calculated using pooled hazard ratios (HRs) or odds ratios (ORs) with the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). Statistical analysis was conducted with Stata SE12.0.ResultsThis meta-analysis comprised 3,267 patients from 20 studies covering a variety of solid tumors. Increased FOXC2 expression was related to shorter overall survival (OS) (HR = 2.05, 95% CI: 1.73–2.42). High expression of FOXC2 is associated with lymph node metastases (OR = 3.33, 95% CI: 2.65–4.19), TNM stage (OR = 3.09, 95% CI: 2.00–4.78), and age (OR = 1.26, 95% CI: 1.06–1.50), according to the pooled ORs. However, no significant association was observed between the high expression of FOXC2 and sex, tumor size or tumor differentiation.ConclusionIncreased expression of FOXC2 is associated with unfavored OS, lymph node metastases, TNM stage, and age. FOXC2 is a promising prognostic marker and a novel target marker in human solid tumors.
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Li L, Wang Y, Wang Z, Xue D, Dai C, Gao X, Ma J, Hang K, Pan Z. Knockdown of FOXA1 enhances the osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells partly via activation of the ERK1/2 signalling pathway. Stem Cell Res Ther 2022; 13:456. [PMID: 36064451 PMCID: PMC9446550 DOI: 10.1186/s13287-022-03133-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The available therapeutic options for large bone defects remain extremely limited, requiring new strategies to accelerate bone healing. Genetically modified bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) with enhanced osteogenic capacity are recognised as one of the most promising treatments for bone defects. Methods We performed differential expression analysis of miRNAs between human BMSCs (hBMSCs) and human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs) to identify osteogenic differentiation-related microRNAs (miRNAs). Furthermore, we identified shared osteogenic differentiation-related miRNAs and constructed an miRNA-transcription network. The Forkhead box protein A1 (FOXA1) knockdown strategy with a lentiviral vector was used to explore the role of FOXA1 in the osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. Cell Counting Kit-8 was used to determine the effect of the knockdown of FOXA1 on hBMSC proliferation; real-time quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) and western blotting were used to investigate target genes and proteins; and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) staining and Alizarin Red staining (ARS) were used to assess ALP activity and mineral deposition, respectively. Finally, a mouse model of femoral defects was established in vivo, and histological evaluation and radiographic analysis were performed to verify the therapeutic effects of FOXA1 knockdown on bone healing. Results We identified 22 shared and differentially expressed miRNAs between hDPSC and hBMSC, 19 of which were downregulated in osteogenically induced samples. The miRNA-transcription factor interaction network showed that FOXA1 is the most significant and novel osteogenic differentiation biomarker among more than 300 transcription factors that is directly targeted by 12 miRNAs. FOXA1 knockdown significantly promoted hBMSC osteo-specific genes and increased mineral deposits in vitro. In addition, p-ERK1/2 levels were upregulated by FOXA1 silencing. Moreover, the increased osteogenic differentiation of FOXA1 knockdown hBMSCs was partially rescued by the addition of ERK1/2 signalling inhibitors. In a mouse model of femoral defects, a sheet of FOXA1-silencing BMSCs improved bone healing, as detected by microcomputed tomography and histological evaluation. Conclusion These findings collectively demonstrate that FOXA1 silencing promotes the osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs via the ERK1/2 signalling pathway, and silencing FOXA1 in vivo effectively promotes bone healing, suggesting that FOXA1 may be a novel target for bone healing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lijun Li
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.,Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, People's Republic of China
| | - Yibo Wang
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.,Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhongxiang Wang
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.,Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, People's Republic of China
| | - Deting Xue
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.,Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, People's Republic of China
| | - Chengxin Dai
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.,Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Gao
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.,Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianfei Ma
- Key Laboratory of Image Information Processing and Intelligent Control, School of Artificial Intelligence and Automation, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Hang
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China. .,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China. .,Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, People's Republic of China.
| | - Zhijun Pan
- Department of Orthopedics Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China. .,Orthopedics Research Institute of Zhejiang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China. .,Key Laboratory of Motor System Disease Research and Precision Therapy of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China. .,Clinical Research Center of Motor System Disease of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou City, People's Republic of China.
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