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Martinez-Calderon J, García-Muñoz C, Cano-García FJ, Heredia-Rizo AM. Spiritual well-being, faith, meaning in life, peace, and purpose in life for cancer-related fatigue: systematic review with meta-analysis and meta-regressions. J Cancer Surviv 2024:10.1007/s11764-024-01579-2. [PMID: 38632174 DOI: 10.1007/s11764-024-01579-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cancer-related fatigue is associated with spiritual distress. Spiritual well-being, characterized by the presence of factors such as meaning in life or purpose in life, seems to play an important role in the management of symptoms of cancer. Currently, the number of studies evaluating the association between cancer-related fatigue and spiritual well-being is increasing and no systematic review has been conducted. AIM To summarize the association between cancer-related fatigue and spiritual well-being, faith, meaning in life, peace, and purpose in life. DESIGN A systematic review with meta-analysis. DATA SOURCES The CINAHL, Embase, PsycINFO, and PubMed databases were searched from inception to 9 October 2023. We considered studies evaluating the cross-sectional or longitudinal association between cancer-related fatigue and the spiritual factors above mentioned. The Joanna Briggs Institute Checklist for Analytical Cross-Sectional Studies and the Quality in Prognosis Studies tool assessed the methodological quality of cross-sectional and longitudinal studies, respectively. The Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) system rated the certainty of evidence. Meta-analyses, meta-regressions, subgroup meta-analyses, and sensitivity analyses were conducted. RESULTS A total of 13 studies were included and no longitudinal findings were found. One meta-analysis showed that cancer-related fatigue may be negatively correlated with spiritual well-being (r = - 0.37 (95%CI - 0.44 to - 0.28) p < 0.01). In addition, another meta-analysis found the correlation between cancer-related fatigue and faith was not statistically significant (r = - 0.25 (95%CI - 0.66 to 0.28) p = 0.36). CONCLUSIONS Cancer-related fatigue may be correlated with spiritual well-being. However, the certainty of evidence was very low across the meta-analyzed outcomes. IMPLICATIONS FOR CANCER SURVIVORS A negative correlation was observed between spiritual well-being and cancer-related fatigue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Martinez-Calderon
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- CTS 1110: Understanding Movement and Self in Health From Science (UMSS) Research Group, Andalusia, Spain
| | - Cristina García-Muñoz
- CTS 1110: Understanding Movement and Self in Health From Science (UMSS) Research Group, Andalusia, Spain.
- Departamento de Ciencias de La Salud y Biomédicas, Universidad Loyola de Andalucía, Avda. de Las Universidades S/N, 41704 Seville, Seville, Spain.
| | - Francisco Javier Cano-García
- Departamento de Personalidad, Evaluación y Tratamiento Psicológicos, Universidad de Sevilla, 41018, Seville, Spain
| | - Alberto Marcos Heredia-Rizo
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS, Departamento de Fisioterapia, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville, Spain
- CTS 1110: Understanding Movement and Self in Health From Science (UMSS) Research Group, Andalusia, Spain
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Wiedemann A, Jones PB, Burn AM. Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on young adults' mental health and beyond: a qualitative investigation nested within an ongoing general population cohort study. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2024:10.1007/s00127-024-02659-5. [PMID: 38578523 DOI: 10.1007/s00127-024-02659-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/10/2024] [Indexed: 04/06/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Initial discussions about the COVID-19 pandemic often overlooked its impact on young adults. By employing a qualitative approach nested within an ongoing general population cohort study, we seek to fill a gap in the literature by providing insights into the longer-term impact on this demographic. METHODS Data collection involved the use of in-depth semi-structured interviews. Using a pre-determined sampling frame, we purposively recruited 30 participants based on age, gender, ethnicity, and deprivation from the Neuroscience in Psychiatry Network (NSPN). The NSPN cohort, established in 2012, consists of 2403 young people aged 14-24 at baseline, recruited from Greater London and Cambridgeshire. Interviews were conducted in Autumn 2022; data were analysed using the framework method. RESULTS Participants were on average 28 years old (SD = 3 years, range 24-34 years; 53.3% female). The sample comprised individuals from diverse ethnic backgrounds, with 40% from non-White ethnic groups. Many young adults reported profound personal growth and a stronger sense of resilience, a perception observed across varying levels of anxiety or depression. Nevertheless, we observed substantial disruptions to their personal and professional lives such as returning to their parents' homes, often deferring other life plans, lacking mental health support, and encountering significant career challenges. CONCLUSION Our findings highlight the complexity of pandemic impacts, demonstrating the need for supportive policies and further research to understand the circumstances under which genuine personal growth occurs, whether it is enduring or transient, and which factors influence it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Wiedemann
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Douglas House, 18B Trumpington Road, Cambridge, CB2 8AH, UK.
- Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.
- Applied Research Collaboration, National Institute for Health Research, East of England, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Peter B Jones
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Douglas House, 18B Trumpington Road, Cambridge, CB2 8AH, UK
- Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
- Applied Research Collaboration, National Institute for Health Research, East of England, Cambridge, UK
| | - Anne-Marie Burn
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Douglas House, 18B Trumpington Road, Cambridge, CB2 8AH, UK
- Cambridgeshire and Peterborough NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK
- Applied Research Collaboration, National Institute for Health Research, East of England, Cambridge, UK
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Shaygan M, Khaki S, Zarei D, Moshfeghinia R, Beheshtaeen F, Sadeghi Y. Effects of meaning-based psychotherapy on post-traumatic growth and death anxiety in patients with cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Support Care Cancer 2024; 32:251. [PMID: 38532225 DOI: 10.1007/s00520-024-08448-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Accepted: 03/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cancer is one of the leading causes of mortality in the world which imposes numerous psychological burdens on the patients. Psycho-spiritual interventions such as meaning-based therapies may help decrease these challenges. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to investigate the effects of meaning-based psychotherapy on post-traumatic growth and death anxiety of patients with cancer. METHODS PubMed, Scopus, Proquest, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched until 30 September 2023. The Cochrane Collaboration's tool was used to assess the quality of the included studies. A random-effect model was preferred, and statistical analysis was performed by STATA software version 17. RESULTS A total of 17 studies were included in the systematic review. Eleven articles examined the impact of meaning-based interventions on death anxiety and six articles examined post-traumatic growth in cancer patients. Ten studies with a total of 555 participants were included for analysis of the effect of logotherapy versus routine care on death anxiety. Analysis showed a significant decrease effect of logotherapy versus routine care on death anxiety (SMD, - 4.05 (- 6.20, - 1.90); I2, 98.38%). Three studies with a total of 364 participants were included for analysis of the effect of logotherapy versus routine care on post-traumatic growth in patients with cancer. Analysis showed a positive but non-significant effect of logotherapy versus routine care on post-traumatic growth (SMD, 2.05 (- 0.91, 5.01); I2, 99.08%). CONCLUSION The qualitative analysis showed the positive impact of meaning-based psychotherapy interventions on death anxiety and post-traumatic growth in cancer patients, but the results of the meta-analysis on post-traumatic growth were not statistically significant. The review shows the need for more clinical trial studies in larger and more diverse samples in terms of cancer types and cultural background.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Shaygan
- Community Based Psychiatric Care Research Center, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Sahar Khaki
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Davood Zarei
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Reza Moshfeghinia
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
- Research Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
| | - Fateme Beheshtaeen
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Yasin Sadeghi
- Student Research Committee, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
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Austin PD, Siddall PJ, Lovell MR. Posttraumatic growth in palliative care settings: A scoping review of prevalence, characteristics and interventions. Palliat Med 2024; 38:200-212. [PMID: 38229018 DOI: 10.1177/02692163231222773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Posttraumatic growth refers to positive psychological change following trauma. However, there is a need to better understand the experience of posttraumatic growth in the palliative care setting as well as the availability and efficacy of interventions that target this phenomenon. AIMS To provide a review of the prevalence, characteristics and interventions involving posttraumatic growth in adults receiving palliative care and to collate recommendations for future development and utilisation of interventions promoting posttraumatic growth. DESIGN We performed a systematic scoping review of studies investigating posttraumatic growth in palliative care settings using the Arksey and O'Malley six-step scoping review criteria. We used the PRISMA guidelines for scoping reviews. DATA SOURCES Articles in all languages available on Ovid Medline [1946-2022], Embase [1947-2022], APA PsycINFO [1947-2022] and CINAHL [1981-2022] in November 2022. RESULTS Of 2167 articles located, 17 were included for review. These reported that most people report low to moderate levels of posttraumatic growth with a decline towards end-of-life as distress and symptom burden increase. Associations include a relationship between posttraumatic growth, acceptance and greater quality-of-life. A limited number of interventions have been evaluated and found to foster posttraumatic growth and promote significant psychological growth. CONCLUSION Posttraumatic growth is an emerging concept in palliative care where although the number of studies is small, early indications suggest that interventions fostering posttraumatic growth may contribute to improvements in psychological wellbeing in people receiving palliative care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philip D Austin
- Department of Palliative Care, HammondCare, Greenwich Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Philip J Siddall
- Department of Pain Management, HammondCare, Greenwich Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Sydney Medical School-Northern, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Melanie R Lovell
- Department of Palliative Care, HammondCare, Greenwich Hospital, Sydney, NSW, Australia
- Sydney Medical School-Northern, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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Carreno DF, Eisenbeck N, Uclés-Juárez R, García-Montes JM. Reappraising personal values in cancer: Meaning-in-life adaptation, meaningfulness, and quality of life. Psychooncology 2023; 32:1905-1917. [PMID: 37930051 DOI: 10.1002/pon.6244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 10/28/2023] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study explores the reappraisal of personal values among people with cancer post-diagnosis and its connections to meaningfulness, encompassing personal meaning and sense of meaning, and various dimensions of quality of life. METHODS A total of 144 patients with diverse cancer types and a control group comprising 158 healthy adults with similar demographic characteristics completed the Valued Living Questionnaire-Perceived Change, the Personal Meaning Profile-Brief, the Portrait Values Questionnaire, and the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual Well-Being. RESULTS Cancer patients displayed a substantial values reappraisal compared to healthy adults. They reported an increased significance of social areas and self-transcendental values, including close relationships (family, partner, and friends), spirituality, citizenship, and universalism, as well as an increased importance of self-care and self in general. Conversely, cancer patients assigned less importance to work and self-enhancement values such as stimulation, power, and achievement. Cluster analysis revealed that patients who reappraised their values exhibited higher meaningfulness and better indicators of quality of life, including spiritual and physical well-being, compared to patients who did not modify their value system. CONCLUSIONS These findings underscore the importance of assessing and promoting meaning-in-life adaptability among people with cancer, with potential applications in meaning-centered therapies and interventions aimed at enhancing psychological flexibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- David F Carreno
- Department of Psychology, University of Almería, Almería, Spain
| | - Nikolett Eisenbeck
- Department of Personality, Evaluation and Psychological Treatment, Faculty of Psychology, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
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Liu MH, Wang CH, Chiou AF. The Mediator Role of Meaning in Life in the Life Quality of Patients With Chronic Heart Failure. Asian Nurs Res (Korean Soc Nurs Sci) 2023; 17:253-258. [PMID: 37951497 DOI: 10.1016/j.anr.2023.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Revised: 11/05/2023] [Accepted: 11/05/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Heart failure (HF) is a highly recurrent disease with a high sudden death rate and a substantial influence on disease-related quality of life (QOL). Social support, symptom distress, care needs, and meaning in life all have significant impacts on QOL. We hypothesized that meaning in life plays a mediating role in the relationship of social support, symptom distress, and care needs with QOL among patients with chronic HF. METHODS Based on cross-sectional analysis, we recruited 186 HF outpatients who completed structured questionnaires for social support, symptom distress, care needs, meaning in life, and QOL. Structural equation modeling was used to analyze the mediating role of meaning in life in the relationship of social support, symptom distress, and care needs with QOL. RESULTS The final model showed good model fit. Meaning in life was associated with global QOL (β = 0.18, p = .032). Although symptom distress (β = -0.26, p = .005) and care needs (β = -0.36, p = .021) were negatively associated with global QOL, meaning in life played a partial mediating role between symptom distress and global QOL (β = -0.02, p = .023) and between care needs and global QOL (β = -0.07, p = .030). However, meaning in life played a complete mediating role between social support and global QOL (β = 0.08, p = .047). The model showed that meaning in life, symptom distress, and care needs explained 50% of global QOL. CONCLUSIONS In patients with chronic HF, meaning in life played a mediating role in the relationship of social support, symptom distress, and care needs with QOL. Implementing an intervention to enrich meaning in life may help patients manage the issues caused by symptoms and alleviate their unmet needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Hui Liu
- Heart Failure Clinical Nurse Specialist, Heart Failure Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan, ROC; Department of Nursing, Keelung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chao-Hung Wang
- Professor, College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taiwan, ROC; Heart Failure Research Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan, ROC.
| | - Ai-Fu Chiou
- Professor, College of Nursing, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taiwan, ROC.
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Wang S, Zhu Y, Wang Z, Zheng M, Li X, Zhang Y, Wan H. Efficacy of meaning-centered group psychotherapy in Chinese patients with cancer: A randomized controlled trial. Palliat Support Care 2023; 21:773-781. [PMID: 37558651 DOI: 10.1017/s1478951523000998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Meaninglessness is one of the most common psychological problems in cancer patients, which can lead to anxiety, depression and psychological distress, and diminished quality of life. Recent evidence indicates that meaning-centered group psychotherapy (MCGP) effectively enhances the meaning in life among cancer patients. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of MCGP on the meaning in life, post-traumatic growth, psychological distress, and fear of recurrence among Chinese cancer patients with a favorable prognosis. METHODS Sixty-six cancer patients were randomly assigned to either the MCGP group (n = 33) or the control group (n = 33). Participants in the MCGP group underwent a 4-week, 8-session MCGP, while those in the control group received usual care. Meaning in life, post-traumatic growth, psychological distress, and fear of recurrence were assessed at both baseline and postintervention to evaluate the impact of the intervention. The intervention outcomes were analyzed using paired t-tests or analysis of covariance, as appropriate. RESULTS Patients in the MCGP group demonstrated significant improvements in meaning in life, post-traumatic growth, and fear of recurrence from baseline to postintervention. In comparison to the control group, the MCGP group displayed positive effects on meaning in life and post-traumatic growth following the intervention. However, no significant effects were observed in terms of psychological distress and fear of recurrence. SIGNIFICANCE OF RESULTS Our research offers evidence supporting the effectiveness of MCGP in enhancing meaning in life and post-traumatic growth among Chinese cancer patients with a favorable prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuman Wang
- Department of Nursing, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Fudan University Cancer Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology (20dz2261000), Shanghai Proton Heavy Ion Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Proton and Heavy Ion Radiation Therapy, Shanghai Proton Heavy Ion Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Department of Nursing, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Fudan University Cancer Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology (20dz2261000), Shanghai Proton Heavy Ion Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Proton and Heavy Ion Radiation Therapy, Shanghai Proton Heavy Ion Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Ziying Wang
- Department of Nursing, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Fudan University Cancer Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology (20dz2261000), Shanghai Proton Heavy Ion Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Proton and Heavy Ion Radiation Therapy, Shanghai Proton Heavy Ion Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Mimi Zheng
- Department of Nursing, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Fudan University Cancer Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology (20dz2261000), Shanghai Proton Heavy Ion Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Proton and Heavy Ion Radiation Therapy, Shanghai Proton Heavy Ion Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoru Li
- Department of Nursing, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Fudan University Cancer Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology (20dz2261000), Shanghai Proton Heavy Ion Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Proton and Heavy Ion Radiation Therapy, Shanghai Proton Heavy Ion Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- Department of Nursing, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Fudan University Cancer Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology (20dz2261000), Shanghai Proton Heavy Ion Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Proton and Heavy Ion Radiation Therapy, Shanghai Proton Heavy Ion Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Hongwei Wan
- Department of Nursing, Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center, Fudan University Cancer Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Radiation Oncology (20dz2261000), Shanghai Proton Heavy Ion Hospital, Shanghai, China
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Proton and Heavy Ion Radiation Therapy, Shanghai Proton Heavy Ion Hospital, Shanghai, China
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Bayraktar S, Ozkan M. Unchanging dynamics in posttraumatic growth in cancer patients: ways of coping and illness perception. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1223131. [PMID: 37736156 PMCID: PMC10509471 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1223131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/14/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction This study aims to address the positive changes due to traumatic experiences, such as being diagnosed with cancer and experiencing this disease for a certain period. Within this purpose, socio-demographic and disease-related variables, coping ways and illness perceptions that affect posttraumatic growth in cancer patients were examined. Secondly, the findings of this study, which is one of the first studies on posttraumatic growth in cancer patients in Turkey, were compared with the findings of current studies on the subject. Method Datums were collected by an interview form and three scales (Posttraumatic Growth Scale, Ways of Coping Inventory and Illness Perception Scale-R) to 78 cancer outpatients in Istanbul University Oncology Institute in 2007. Results Results showed that cancer patients have higher posttraumatic growth levels than the mean. According to analysis, posttraumatic growth total score between confrontive coping (t = -2.344, p < 0.05), self-controlling (t = -3.704, p < 0.001), accepting responsibility (t = -3.032, p < 0.01), escape-avoidance (t = -2.285, p < 0.05), planful problem solving (t = -2.502, p < 0.05), positive reappraisal (t = -5.241, p < 0.001), and seeking social support (t = -3.527, p < 0.01) has relationship. Also, there is a relation between posttraumatic growth subscales and the Revised form of Illness Perception Questionnaire; Change in relationships with others subscale (t = 2.887, p < 0.01) and Change in self-perception subscale (t = 2.660, p < 0.01) between timeline (acute/chronic), Change in self-perception subscale between timeline (cyclical) (t = -2.788, p < 0.01) and uncontrollable body factors (t = -1.916, p < 0.05) Change in philosophy of life subscale between external attributions (t = -2.057, p < 0.05) and Change in relationships with others subscale (t = -2.920, p < 0.01) between chance factors. It was found that positive reappraisal (F = 78.290, p < 0.001), self-controlling (F = 39.814, p < 0.001), and distancing (F = 46.311, p < 0.001) were significant predictors of posttraumatic growth total score. Results showed that ways of coping and illness perceptions were essential variables in posttraumatic growth. Discussion Studies on posttraumatic growth in Turkey and the world have significantly increased in recent years. This study aimed to examine the findings obtained from cancer patients in 2007 in discussion with the findings in the current literature. In this context, it is seen that the relevant variables affecting posttraumatic growth in cancer patients in different cultures do not change.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seda Bayraktar
- Faculty of Literature, Department of Psychology, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Türkiye
| | - Mine Ozkan
- Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Türkiye
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