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Corrao F, Kelly-Aubert M, Sermet-Gaudelus I, Semeraro M. Unmet challenges in cystic fibrosis treatment with modulators. Expert Rev Respir Med 2024. [PMID: 38755109 DOI: 10.1080/17476348.2024.2357210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION 'Highly effective' modulator therapies (HEMTs) have radically changed the Cystic Fibrosis (CF) therapeutic landscape. These novel therapeutic approaches have permitted unprecedented opportunities for quality-of-life improvement and for enhancing people with CF's (pwCF) life expectancy. AREAS COVERED The aim of this review is to describe the current knowledge gaps. A comprehensive search strategy was undertaken to assess impact of HEMT in life of pwCF, treatment challenges in specific populations such as very young children, and research needs. EXPERT OPINION HEMTs are prescribed for pwCF with definite genotypes. The heterogeneity of variants complicates treatment possibilities and around 10% of pwCF worldwide remains ineligible. Genotype-specific treatments are prompting theratyping and personalized medicine strategies. Improvement in lung function and quality of life increase survival rates, shifting CF from a pediatric to an adult disease. This implies new studies addressing long-term efficacy, side effects, emergence of adult co-morbidities and possible drug-drug interactions. More sensitive and predictive biomarkers for both efficacy and toxicity are warranted. As HEMTs cross the placenta and are found in breast milk, studies addressing the potential consequences of treatment during pregnancy and breastfeeding are urgently needed. Finally, although the treatment and expected outcomes of CF have improved dramatically in high- and middle-income countries, lack of access in low-income countries to these lifesaving and life-changing medicines highlights inequity of care worldwide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Corrao
- Department of Biological, Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technologies, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy
- INSERM U1121, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France
| | | | - Isabelle Sermet-Gaudelus
- INSERM U1121, Institut Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France
- Centre de Référence Maladies Rares Mucoviscidose et maladies apparentées. Site constitutif, Paris, France, Université de Paris, Paris, France
- European Reference Lung Center, Frankfurt, Germany
- Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
| | - Michaela Semeraro
- Université Paris Cité, Paris, France
- Centre Investigation Clinique, Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Paris, France
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Sendid B, Cornu M, Cordier C, Bouckaert J, Colombel JF, Poulain D. From ASCA breakthrough in Crohn's disease and Candida albicans research to thirty years of investigations about their meaning in human health. Autoimmun Rev 2024; 23:103486. [PMID: 38040100 DOI: 10.1016/j.autrev.2023.103486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023]
Abstract
Anti-Saccharomyces cerevisiae antibodies (ASCA) are human antibodies that can be detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay involving a mannose polymer (mannan) extracted from the cell wall of the yeast S. cerevisiae. The ASCA test was developed in 1993 with the aim of differentiating the serological response in two forms of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), Crohn's disease and ulcerative colitis. The test, which is based on the detection of anti-oligomannosidic antibodies, has been extensively performed worldwide and there have been hundreds of publications on ASCA. The earlier studies concerned the initial diagnostic indications of ASCA and investigations then extended to many human diseases, generally in association with studies on intestinal microorganisms and the interaction of the micro-mycobiome with the immune system. The more information accumulates, the more the mystery of the meaning of ASCA deepens. Many fundamental questions remain unanswered. These questions concern the heterogeneity of ASCA, the mechanisms of their generation and persistence, the existence of self-antigens, and the relationship between ASCA and inflammation and autoimmunity. This review aims to discuss the gray areas concerning the origin of ASCA from an analysis of the literature. Structured around glycobiology and the mannosylated antigens of S. cerevisiae and Candida albicans, this review will address these questions and will try to clarify some lines of thought. The importance of the questions relating to the pathophysiological significance of ASCA goes far beyond IBD, even though these diseases remain the preferred models for their understanding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boualem Sendid
- INSERM U1285, CNRS UMR 8576, Glycobiology in Fungal Pathogenesis and Clinical Applications, Université de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; Pôle de Biologie-Pathologie-Génétique, Institut de Microbiologie, Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France.
| | - Marjorie Cornu
- INSERM U1285, CNRS UMR 8576, Glycobiology in Fungal Pathogenesis and Clinical Applications, Université de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; Pôle de Biologie-Pathologie-Génétique, Institut de Microbiologie, Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Camille Cordier
- INSERM U1285, CNRS UMR 8576, Glycobiology in Fungal Pathogenesis and Clinical Applications, Université de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France; Pôle de Biologie-Pathologie-Génétique, Institut de Microbiologie, Service de Parasitologie-Mycologie, CHU Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Julie Bouckaert
- CNRS UMR 8576, Computational Molecular Systems Biology, Université de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Jean Frederic Colombel
- Department of Gastroenterology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA
| | - Daniel Poulain
- INSERM U1285, CNRS UMR 8576, Glycobiology in Fungal Pathogenesis and Clinical Applications, Université de Lille, F-59000 Lille, France.
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3
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Dong Y, He L, Zhu Z, Yang F, Ma Q, Zhang Y, Zhang X, Liu X. The mechanism of gut-lung axis in pulmonary fibrosis. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2024; 14:1258246. [PMID: 38362497 PMCID: PMC10867257 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1258246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2024] [Indexed: 02/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a terminal change of a lung disease that is marked by damage to alveolar epithelial cells, abnormal proliferative transformation of fibroblasts, excessive deposition of extracellular matrix (ECM), and concomitant inflammatory damage. Its characteristics include short median survival, high mortality rate, and limited treatment effectiveness. More in-depth studies on the mechanisms of PF are needed to provide better treatment options. The idea of the gut-lung axis has emerged as a result of comprehensive investigations into the microbiome, metabolome, and immune system. This theory is based on the material basis of microorganisms and their metabolites, while the gut-lung circulatory system and the shared mucosal immune system act as the connectors that facilitate the interplay between the gastrointestinal and respiratory systems. The emergence of a new view of the gut-lung axis is complementary and cross-cutting to the study of the mechanisms involved in PF and provides new ideas for its treatment. This article reviews the mechanisms involved in PF, the gut-lung axis theory, and the correlation between the two. Exploring the gut-lung axis mechanism and treatments related to PF from the perspectives of microorganisms, microbial metabolites, and the immune system. The study of the gut-lung axis and PF is still in its early stages. This review systematically summarizes the mechanisms of PF related to the gut-lung axis, providing ideas for subsequent research and treatment of related mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yawei Dong
- Key Laboratory of Gansu Provincial Prescription Mining and Innovative Translational Laboratory, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Gansu Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine New Product Creation Engineering Laboratory, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Lanlan He
- Key Laboratory of Gansu Provincial Prescription Mining and Innovative Translational Laboratory, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Gansu Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine New Product Creation Engineering Laboratory, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Zhongbo Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Gansu Provincial Prescription Mining and Innovative Translational Laboratory, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Gansu Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine New Product Creation Engineering Laboratory, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Fan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Gansu Provincial Prescription Mining and Innovative Translational Laboratory, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Gansu Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine New Product Creation Engineering Laboratory, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Quan Ma
- Key Laboratory of Gansu Provincial Prescription Mining and Innovative Translational Laboratory, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Gansu Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine New Product Creation Engineering Laboratory, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Yanmei Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Gansu Provincial Prescription Mining and Innovative Translational Laboratory, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Gansu Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine New Product Creation Engineering Laboratory, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xuhui Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Gansu Provincial Prescription Mining and Innovative Translational Laboratory, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Gansu Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine New Product Creation Engineering Laboratory, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Respiratory Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Xiping Liu
- Key Laboratory of Gansu Provincial Prescription Mining and Innovative Translational Laboratory, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
- Gansu Provincial Traditional Chinese Medicine New Product Creation Engineering Laboratory, Gansu University of Chinese Medicine, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
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4
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Vasiljevs S, Witney AA, Baines DL. The presence of cystic fibrosis-related diabetes modifies the sputum microbiome in cystic fibrosis disease. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2024; 326:L125-L134. [PMID: 38084404 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00219.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis-related diabetes (CFRD) affects 40%-50% of adults with CF and is associated with a decline in respiratory health. The microbial flora of the lung is known to change with the development of CF disease, but how CFRD affects the microbiome has not been described. We analyzed the microbiome in sputa from 14 people with CF, 14 with CFRD, and two who were classed as pre-CFRD by extracting DNA and amplifying the variable V3-V4 region of the microbial 16S ribosomal RNA gene by PCR. Sequences were analyzed and sources were identified to genus level. We found that the α-diversity of the microbiome using Shannon's diversity index was increased in CFRD compared with CF. Bray Curtis dissimilarity analysis showed that there was separation of the microbiomes in CF and CFRD sputa. The most abundant phyla identified in the sputum samples were Firmicutes and Proteobacteria, Actinobacteriota and Bacteroidota, and the ratio of Firmicutes/Bacteroidota was reduced in CFRD compared with CF. Pseudomonas, Azhorizophilus, Porphyromonas, and Actinobacillus were more abundant in CFRD compared with CF, whereas Staphylococcus was less abundant. The relative abundance of these genera did not correlate with age; some correlated with a decline in FEV1/FVC but all correlated with hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) indicating that development of CFRD mediates further changes to the respiratory microbiome in CF.NEW & NOTEWORTHY Cystic fibrosis-related diabetes (CFRD) is associated with a decline in respiratory health. We show for the first time that there was a change in the sputum microbiome of people with CFRD compared with CF that correlated with markers of raised blood glucose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stanislavs Vasiljevs
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Adam A Witney
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Deborah L Baines
- Institute for Infection and Immunity, St George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom
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5
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Yadav M, Chauhan NS. Role of gut-microbiota in disease severity and clinical outcomes. Brief Funct Genomics 2024; 23:24-37. [PMID: 36281758 DOI: 10.1093/bfgp/elac037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2022] [Revised: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2024] Open
Abstract
A delicate balance of nutrients, antigens, metabolites and xenobiotics in body fluids, primarily managed by diet and host metabolism, governs human health. Human gut microbiota is a gatekeeper to nutrient bioavailability, pathogens exposure and xenobiotic metabolism. Human gut microbiota starts establishing during birth and evolves into a resilient structure by adolescence. It supplements the host's metabolic machinery and assists in many physiological processes to ensure health. Biotic and abiotic stressors could induce dysbiosis in gut microbiota composition leading to disease manifestations. Despite tremendous scientific advancements, a clear understanding of the involvement of gut microbiota dysbiosis during disease onset and clinical outcomes is still awaited. This would be important for developing an effective and sustainable therapeutic intervention. This review synthesizes the present scientific knowledge to present a comprehensive picture of the role of gut microbiota in the onset and severity of a disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Yadav
- Department of Biochemistry, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
| | - Nar Singh Chauhan
- Department of Biochemistry, Maharshi Dayanand University, Rohtak, Haryana, India
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6
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Scoffone VC, Barbieri G, Irudal S, Trespidi G, Buroni S. New Antimicrobial Strategies to Treat Multi-Drug Resistant Infections Caused by Gram-Negatives in Cystic Fibrosis. Antibiotics (Basel) 2024; 13:71. [PMID: 38247630 PMCID: PMC10812592 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics13010071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2023] [Revised: 01/05/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
People with cystic fibrosis (CF) suffer from recurrent bacterial infections which induce inflammation, lung tissue damage and failure of the respiratory system. Prolonged exposure to combinatorial antibiotic therapies triggers the appearance of multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria. The development of alternative antimicrobial strategies may provide a way to mitigate antimicrobial resistance. Here we discuss different alternative approaches to the use of classic antibiotics: anti-virulence and anti-biofilm compounds which exert a low selective pressure; phage therapies that represent an alternative strategy with a high therapeutic potential; new methods helping antibiotics activity such as adjuvants; and antimicrobial peptides and nanoparticle formulations. Their mechanisms and in vitro and in vivo efficacy are described, in order to figure out a complete landscape of new alternative approaches to fight MDR Gram-negative CF pathogens.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Silvia Buroni
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (V.C.S.); (G.B.); (S.I.); (G.T.)
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7
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Miravitlles M, Criner GJ, Mall MA, Rowe SM, Vogelmeier CF, Hederer B, Schoenberger M, Altman P. Potential systemic effects of acquired CFTR dysfunction in COPD. Respir Med 2024; 221:107499. [PMID: 38104786 DOI: 10.1016/j.rmed.2023.107499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2023] [Revised: 11/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/10/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by airflow limitation, respiratory symptoms, inflammation of the airways, and systemic manifestations of the disease. Genetic susceptibility and environmental factors are important in the development of the disease, particularly exposure to cigarette smoke which is the most notable risk factor. Mutations in the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene are the cause of cystic fibrosis (CF), which shares several pathophysiological pulmonary features with COPD, including airway obstruction, chronic airway inflammation and bacterial colonization; in addition, both diseases also present systemic defects leading to comorbidities such as pancreatic, gastrointestinal, and bone-related diseases. In patients with COPD, systemic CFTR dysfunction can be acquired by cigarette smoking, inflammation, and infection. This dysfunction is, on average, about half of that found in CF. Herein we review the literature focusing on acquired CFTR dysfunction and the potential role in the pathogenesis of comorbidities associated with COPD and chronic bronchitis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Miravitlles
- Pneumology Department Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Institut de Recerca (VHIR), Vall d'Hebron Hospital Campus, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Gerard J Criner
- Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, USA
| | - Marcus A Mall
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Immunology and Critical Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health at the Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; German Centre for Lung Research, Berlin, Germany
| | - Steven M Rowe
- Univeristy of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Claus F Vogelmeier
- Department of Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University Hospital Marburg UKGM, German Centre for Lung Research (DZL), Marburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Pablo Altman
- Novartis Pharmaceuticals Corporation, East Hanover, New Jersey, USA
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8
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Souza VGP, Forder A, Pewarchuk ME, Telkar N, de Araujo RP, Stewart GL, Vieira J, Reis PP, Lam WL. The Complex Role of the Microbiome in Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Development and Progression. Cells 2023; 12:2801. [PMID: 38132121 PMCID: PMC10741843 DOI: 10.3390/cells12242801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2023] [Revised: 11/30/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
In recent years, there has been a growing interest in the relationship between microorganisms in the surrounding environment and cancer cells. While the tumor microenvironment predominantly comprises cancer cells, stromal cells, and immune cells, emerging research highlights the significant contributions of microbial cells to tumor development and progression. Although the impact of the gut microbiome on treatment response in lung cancer is well established, recent investigations indicate complex roles of lung microbiota in lung cancer. This article focuses on recent findings on the human lung microbiome and its impacts in cancer development and progression. We delve into the characteristics of the lung microbiome and its influence on lung cancer development. Additionally, we explore the characteristics of the intratumoral microbiome, the metabolic interactions between lung tumor cells, and how microorganism-produced metabolites can contribute to cancer progression. Furthermore, we provide a comprehensive review of the current literature on the lung microbiome and its implications for the metastatic potential of tumor cells. Additionally, this review discusses the potential for therapeutic modulation of the microbiome to establish lung cancer prevention strategies and optimize lung cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa G. P. Souza
- British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Experimental Research Unit, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil (P.P.R.)
| | - Aisling Forder
- British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | | | - Nikita Telkar
- British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
- British Columbia Children’s Hospital Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 4H4, Canada
| | - Rachel Paes de Araujo
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Experimental Research Unit, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil (P.P.R.)
| | - Greg L. Stewart
- British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Juliana Vieira
- British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
| | - Patricia P. Reis
- Molecular Oncology Laboratory, Experimental Research Unit, School of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil (P.P.R.)
- Department of Surgery and Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18618-687, SP, Brazil
| | - Wan L. Lam
- British Columbia Cancer Research Institute, Vancouver, BC V5Z 1L3, Canada
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9
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Hibbert TM, Whiteley M, Renshaw SA, Neill DR, Fothergill JL. Emerging strategies to target virulence in Pseudomonas aeruginosa respiratory infections. Crit Rev Microbiol 2023:1-16. [PMID: 37999716 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2023.2285995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen that is responsible for infections in people living with chronic respiratory conditions, such as cystic fibrosis (CF) and non-CF bronchiectasis (NCFB). Traditionally, in people with chronic respiratory disorders, P. aeruginosa infection has been managed with a combination of inhaled and intravenous antibiotic therapies. However, due in part to the prolonged use of antibiotics in these people, the emergence of multi-drug resistant P. aeruginosa strains is a growing concern. The development of anti-virulence therapeutics may provide a new means of treating P. aeruginosa lung infections whilst also combatting the AMR crisis, as these agents are presumed to exert reduced pressure for the emergence of drug resistance as compared to antibiotics. However, the pipeline for developing anti-virulence therapeutics is poorly defined, and it is currently unclear as to whether in vivo and in vitro models effectively replicate the complex pulmonary environment sufficiently to enable development and testing of such therapies for future clinical use. Here, we discuss potential targets for P. aeruginosa anti-virulence therapeutics and the effectiveness of the current models used to study them. Focus is given to the difficulty of replicating the virulence gene expression patterns of P. aeruginosa in the CF and NCFB lung under laboratory conditions and to the challenges this poses for anti-virulence therapeutic development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tegan M Hibbert
- Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Marvin Whiteley
- School of Biological Sciences, Georgia Institute of Technology, Centre for Microbial Dynamics and Infection, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, USA
| | - Stephen A Renshaw
- The Bateson Centre and Division of Clinical Medicine, School of Medicine and Population Health, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Daniel R Neill
- Division of Molecular Microbiology, School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Joanne L Fothergill
- Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology and Immunology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
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10
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Scialò F, Vitale M, D'Agnano V, Mariniello DF, Perrotta F, Castaldo A, Campbell SFM, Pastore L, Cazzola M, Bianco A. Lung Microbiome as a Treatable Trait in Chronic Respiratory Disorders. Lung 2023; 201:455-466. [PMID: 37752217 DOI: 10.1007/s00408-023-00645-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Once thought to be a sterile environment, it is now established that lungs are populated by various microorganisms that participate in maintaining lung function and play an important role in shaping lung immune surveillance. Although our comprehension of the molecular and metabolic interactions between microbes and lung cells is still in its infancy, any event causing a persistent qualitative or quantitative variation in the composition of lung microbiome, termed "dysbiosis", has been virtually associated with many respiratory diseases. A deep understanding of the composition and function of the "healthy" lung microbiota and how dysbiosis can cause or participate in disease progression will be pivotal in finding specific therapies aimed at preventing diseases and restoring lung function. Here, we review lung microbiome dysbiosis in different lung pathologies and the mechanisms by which these bacteria can cause or contribute to the severity of the disease. Furthermore, we describe how different respiratory disorders can be caused by the same pathogen, and that the real pathogenetic mechanism is not only dependent by the presence and amount of the main pathogen but can be shaped by the interaction it can build with other bacteria, fungi, and viruses present in the lung. Understanding the nature of this bacteria crosstalk could further our understanding of each respiratory disease leading to the development of new therapeutic strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Scialò
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate-Franco Salvatore, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria Vitale
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate-Franco Salvatore, Naples, Italy
| | - Vito D'Agnano
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Fabio Perrotta
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Alice Castaldo
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Susan F M Campbell
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy
| | - Lucio Pastore
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate-Franco Salvatore, Naples, Italy
- Department of Molecular Medicine and Medical Biotechnologies, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy
| | - Mario Cazzola
- Dipartimento di Medicina Sperimentale, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy
| | - Andrea Bianco
- Department of Translational Medical Science, University of Campania Luigi Vanvitelli, Naples, Italy.
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11
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Pérez-Cobas AE, Ginevra C, Rusniok C, Jarraud S, Buchrieser C. The respiratory tract microbiome, the pathogen load, and clinical interventions define severity of bacterial pneumonia. Cell Rep Med 2023; 4:101167. [PMID: 37633274 PMCID: PMC10518590 DOI: 10.1016/j.xcrm.2023.101167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/28/2023]
Abstract
Bacterial pneumonia is a considerable problem worldwide. Here, we follow the inter-kingdom respiratory tract microbiome (RTM) of a unique cohort of 38 hospitalized patients (n = 97 samples) with pneumonia caused by Legionella pneumophila. The RTM composition is characterized by diversity drops early in hospitalization and ecological species replacement. RTMs with the highest bacterial and fungal loads show low diversity and pathogen enrichment, suggesting high biomass as a biomarker for secondary and/or co-infections. The RTM structure is defined by a "commensal" cluster associated with a healthy RTM and a "pathogen" enriched one, suggesting that the cluster equilibrium drives the microbiome to recovery or dysbiosis. Legionella biomass correlates with disease severity and co-morbidities, while clinical interventions influence the RTM dynamics. Fungi, archaea, and protozoa seem to contribute to progress of pneumonia. Thus, the interplay of the RTM equilibrium, the pathogen load dynamics, and clinical interventions play a critical role in patient recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Elena Pérez-Cobas
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Biologie des Bactéries Intracellulaires, Paris, France; CNRS UMR 6047, 75724 Paris, France.
| | - Christophe Ginevra
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre National de Référence des Légionelles, Bron, France; Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5308, U1111 Inserm, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Christophe Rusniok
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Biologie des Bactéries Intracellulaires, Paris, France; CNRS UMR 6047, 75724 Paris, France
| | - Sophie Jarraud
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Centre National de Référence des Légionelles, Bron, France; Centre International de Recherche en Infectiologie, Université Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5308, U1111 Inserm, École Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France
| | - Carmen Buchrieser
- Institut Pasteur, Université Paris Cité, Biologie des Bactéries Intracellulaires, Paris, France; CNRS UMR 6047, 75724 Paris, France.
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Lussac-Sorton F, Charpentier É, Imbert S, Lefranc M, Bui S, Fayon M, Berger P, Enaud R, Delhaes L. The gut-lung axis in the CFTR modulator era. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2023; 13:1271117. [PMID: 37780857 PMCID: PMC10540301 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1271117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/30/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The advent of CFTR modulators represents a turning point in the history of cystic fibrosis (CF) management, changing profoundly the disease's clinical course by improving mucosal hydration. Assessing changes in airway and digestive tract microbiomes is of great interest to better understand the mechanisms and to predict disease evolution. Bacterial and fungal dysbiosis have been well documented in patients with CF; yet the impact of CFTR modulators on microbial communities has only been partially deciphered to date. In this review, we aim to summarize the current state of knowledge regarding the impact of CFTR modulators on both pulmonary and digestive microbiomes. Our analysis also covers the inter-organ connections between lung and gut communities, in order to highlight the gut-lung axis involvement in CF pathophysiology and its evolution in the era of novel modulators therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian Lussac-Sorton
- Univ. Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, INSERM U1045, Pessac, France
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Éléna Charpentier
- Univ. Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, INSERM U1045, Pessac, France
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
| | - Sébastien Imbert
- Univ. Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, INSERM U1045, Pessac, France
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
- CHU Bordeaux, Service de Parasitologie et Mycologie, Centre de Ressources et de Compétences de la Mucoviscidose (CRCM), Service de Pédiatrie, Service d’Exploration Fonctionnelle Respiratoire, CIC, Bordeaux, France
| | - Maxime Lefranc
- CHU Bordeaux, Service de Parasitologie et Mycologie, Centre de Ressources et de Compétences de la Mucoviscidose (CRCM), Service de Pédiatrie, Service d’Exploration Fonctionnelle Respiratoire, CIC, Bordeaux, France
| | - Stéphanie Bui
- Univ. Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, INSERM U1045, Pessac, France
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
- CHU Bordeaux, Service de Parasitologie et Mycologie, Centre de Ressources et de Compétences de la Mucoviscidose (CRCM), Service de Pédiatrie, Service d’Exploration Fonctionnelle Respiratoire, CIC, Bordeaux, France
| | - Michael Fayon
- Univ. Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, INSERM U1045, Pessac, France
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
- CHU Bordeaux, Service de Parasitologie et Mycologie, Centre de Ressources et de Compétences de la Mucoviscidose (CRCM), Service de Pédiatrie, Service d’Exploration Fonctionnelle Respiratoire, CIC, Bordeaux, France
| | - Patrick Berger
- Univ. Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, INSERM U1045, Pessac, France
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
- CHU Bordeaux, Service de Parasitologie et Mycologie, Centre de Ressources et de Compétences de la Mucoviscidose (CRCM), Service de Pédiatrie, Service d’Exploration Fonctionnelle Respiratoire, CIC, Bordeaux, France
| | - Raphaël Enaud
- Univ. Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, INSERM U1045, Pessac, France
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
- CHU Bordeaux, Service de Parasitologie et Mycologie, Centre de Ressources et de Compétences de la Mucoviscidose (CRCM), Service de Pédiatrie, Service d’Exploration Fonctionnelle Respiratoire, CIC, Bordeaux, France
| | - Laurence Delhaes
- Univ. Bordeaux, Centre de Recherche Cardio-Thoracique de Bordeaux, INSERM U1045, Pessac, France
- INSERM, Centre de Recherche Cardio-thoracique de Bordeaux, Pessac, France
- CHU Bordeaux, Service de Parasitologie et Mycologie, Centre de Ressources et de Compétences de la Mucoviscidose (CRCM), Service de Pédiatrie, Service d’Exploration Fonctionnelle Respiratoire, CIC, Bordeaux, France
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13
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Mésinèle J, Ruffin M, Guillot L, Boëlle PY, Corvol H. Airway infections as a risk factor for Pseudomonas aeruginosa acquisition and chronic colonisation in children with cystic fibrosis. J Cyst Fibros 2023; 22:901-908. [PMID: 37422431 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2023.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pseudomonas aeruginosa (Pa) infection is detrimental to people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF). Several clinical and genetic factors predispose to early Pa infections. However, the role of earlier infections with other pathogens on the risk of Pa infection in paediatric pwCF remains unknown. METHODS Using Kaplan-Meier method, we computed the cumulative incidences of bacterial and fungal initial acquisition (IA) and chronic colonisation (CC) in 1,231 French pwCF under 18 years of age for methicillin-susceptible and resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA and MRSA), Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Haemophilus influenzae, Achromobacter xylosoxidans, and Aspergillus species. Previous infections were analysed as Pa-IA and Pa-CC risk factors using Cox regression models. RESULTS By 2 years of age, 65.5% pwCF had experienced at least one bacterial or fungal IA, and 27.9% had experienced at least one CC. The median age of Pa-IA was 5.1 years, and Pa-CC was present in 25% pwCF by 14.7 years. While 50% acquired MSSA at 2.1 years, 50% progressed to chronic MSSA colonisation at 8.4 years. At 7.9 and 9.7 years, 25% pwCF were infected by S. maltophilia and Aspergillus spp., respectively. The risk of Pa-IA and Pa-CC increased with IAs of all other species, with hazard ratios (HR) up to 2.19 (95% Confidence interval (CI) 1.18-4.07). The risk of Pa-IA increased with the number of previous bacterial/fungal IAs (HR=1.89, 95% CI 1.57-2.28), with a 16% increase per additional pathogen; same trend was noted for Pa-CC. CONCLUSIONS This study establishes that the microbial community in CF airways can modulate Pa occurrence. At the dawn of targeted therapies, it paves the way for characterizing future trends and evolution of infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Mésinèle
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm U938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), 75012 Paris, France; Inovarion, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Manon Ruffin
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm U938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), 75012 Paris, France
| | - Loïc Guillot
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm U938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), 75012 Paris, France.
| | - Pierre-Yves Boëlle
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm, Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique (iPLESP), Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Saint-Antoine, 75012 Paris, France
| | - Harriet Corvol
- Sorbonne Université, Inserm U938, Centre de Recherche Saint-Antoine (CRSA), 75012 Paris, France; Sorbonne Université, Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP), Hôpital Trousseau, Service de Pneumologie Pédiatrique, 75012 Paris, France.
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Mottais A, Riberi L, Falco A, Soccal S, Gohy S, De Rose V. Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Mechanisms in Chronic Airway Diseases: A Common Process to Target? Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:12412. [PMID: 37569787 PMCID: PMC10418908 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241512412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/30/2023] [Accepted: 08/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a reversible process, in which epithelial cells lose their epithelial traits and acquire a mesenchymal phenotype. This transformation has been described in different lung diseases, such as lung cancer, interstitial lung diseases, asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and other muco-obstructive lung diseases, such as cystic fibrosis and non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis. The exaggerated chronic inflammation typical of these pulmonary diseases can induce molecular reprogramming with subsequent self-sustaining aberrant and excessive profibrotic tissue repair. Over time this process leads to structural changes with progressive organ dysfunction and lung function impairment. Although having common signalling pathways, specific triggers and regulation mechanisms might be present in each disease. This review aims to describe the various mechanisms associated with fibrotic changes and airway remodelling involved in chronic airway diseases. Having better knowledge of the mechanisms underlying the EMT process may help us to identify specific targets and thus lead to the development of novel therapeutic strategies to prevent or limit the onset of irreversible structural changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angélique Mottais
- Pole of Pneumology, ENT, and Dermatology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (A.M.); (S.G.)
| | - Luca Riberi
- Postgraduate School in Respiratory Medicine, University of Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy; (L.R.); (A.F.); (S.S.)
| | - Andrea Falco
- Postgraduate School in Respiratory Medicine, University of Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy; (L.R.); (A.F.); (S.S.)
| | - Simone Soccal
- Postgraduate School in Respiratory Medicine, University of Torino, 10124 Torino, Italy; (L.R.); (A.F.); (S.S.)
| | - Sophie Gohy
- Pole of Pneumology, ENT, and Dermatology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Research, Université Catholique de Louvain, 1200 Brussels, Belgium; (A.M.); (S.G.)
- Department of Pneumology, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
- Cystic Fibrosis Reference Centre, Cliniques Universitaires Saint-Luc, 1200 Brussels, Belgium
| | - Virginia De Rose
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy
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Hirsch MJ, Hughes EM, Easter MM, Bollenbecker SE, Howze IV PH, Birket SE, Barnes JW, Kiedrowski MR, Krick S. A novel in vitro model to study prolonged Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection in the cystic fibrosis bronchial epithelium. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0288002. [PMID: 37432929 PMCID: PMC10335692 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 07/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) is known to chronically infect airways of people with cystic fibrosis (CF) by early adulthood. PA infections can lead to increased airway inflammation and lung tissue damage, ultimately contributing to decreased lung function and quality of life. Existing models of PA infection in vitro commonly utilize 1-6-hour time courses. However, these relatively early time points may not encompass downstream airway cell signaling in response to the chronic PA infections observed in people with cystic fibrosis. To fill this gap in knowledge, the aim of this study was to establish an in vitro model that allows for PA infection of CF bronchial epithelial cells, cultured at the air liquid interface, for 24 hours. Our model shows with an inoculum of 2 x 102 CFUs of PA for 24 hours pro-inflammatory markers such as interleukin 6 and interleukin 8 are upregulated with little decrease in CF bronchial epithelial cell survival or monolayer confluency. Additionally, immunoblotting for phosphorylated phospholipase C gamma, a well-known downstream protein of fibroblast growth factor receptor signaling, showed significantly elevated levels after 24 hours with PA infection that were not seen at earlier timepoints. Finally, inhibition of phospholipase C shows significant downregulation of interleukin 8. Our data suggest that this newly developed in vitro "prolonged PA infection model" recapitulates the elevated inflammatory markers observed in CF, without compromising cell survival. This extended period of PA growth on CF bronchial epithelial cells will have impact on further studies of cell signaling and microbiological studies that were not possible in previous models using shorter PA exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meghan J. Hirsch
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
- Gregory Fleming James Cystic Fibrosis Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Emily M. Hughes
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
- Gregory Fleming James Cystic Fibrosis Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Molly M. Easter
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
- Gregory Fleming James Cystic Fibrosis Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Seth E. Bollenbecker
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Patrick H. Howze IV
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Susan E. Birket
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
- Gregory Fleming James Cystic Fibrosis Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Jarrod W. Barnes
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Megan R. Kiedrowski
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
- Gregory Fleming James Cystic Fibrosis Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
| | - Stefanie Krick
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
- Gregory Fleming James Cystic Fibrosis Center, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States of America
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16
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Thornton CS, Carmody LA, Kalikin LM, Opron K, Caverly LJ, LiPuma JJ. Airway bacterial community composition in persons with advanced cystic fibrosis lung disease. J Cyst Fibros 2023; 22:623-629. [PMID: 36628831 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2023.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The progression of lung disease in people with cystic fibrosis (pwCF) has been associated with a decrease in the diversity of airway bacterial communities. How often low diversity communities occur in advanced CF lung disease and how they may be associated with clinical outcomes is not clear, however. METHODS We sequenced a region of the bacterial 16S ribosomal RNA gene to characterize bacterial communities in sputum from 190 pwCF with advanced lung disease (FEV1≤40% predicted), with particular attention to the prevalence and relative abundance of dominant genera. We evaluated relationships between community diversity and clinical outcomes. RESULTS Although most of the 190 pwCF with advanced lung disease had airway bacterial communities characterized by low diversity with a dominant genus, a considerable minority (40%) did not. The absence of a dominant genus, presence of methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus, and greater bacterial richness positively correlated with lung function. Higher relative abundance of the dominant genus and greater antimicrobial use negatively correlated with lung function. PwCF with a low diversity community and dominant genus had reduced lung transplant-free survival compared to those without (median survival of 1.6 vs 2.9 years). CONCLUSIONS A considerable proportion of pwCF with advanced lung disease do not have airway bacterial communities characterized by low diversity and a dominant genus and these individuals had better survival. An understanding of the antecedents of low diversity airway communities- and the impact these may have on lung disease trajectory - may provide avenues for improved management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina S Thornton
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Lisa A Carmody
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Linda M Kalikin
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - Kristopher Opron
- Department of Internal Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Lindsay J Caverly
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
| | - John J LiPuma
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
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Boutin S, Nurjadi D. The lung microbiome in cystic fibrosis: A gap of knowledge still to be filled. J Cyst Fibros 2023; 22:595-596. [PMID: 37487763 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2023.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sébastien Boutin
- University of Lübeck, Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Lübeck, Germany; Airway Research Center North (ARCN), German center for Lung Research (DZL), Lübeck, Germany.
| | - Dennis Nurjadi
- University of Lübeck, Department of Infectious Diseases and Microbiology, Lübeck, Germany; German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Hamburg-Lübeck-Borstel-Riems, Germany
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18
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Esteban Enjuto L, Robert de Saint Vincent M, Maurin M, Degano B, Bodiguel H. Sputum handling for rheology. Sci Rep 2023; 13:7695. [PMID: 37169792 PMCID: PMC10173912 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-34043-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/13/2023] Open
Abstract
The rheology of sputum is viewed as a powerful emerging biophysical marker for monitoring muco-obstructive pulmonary diseases such as cystic fibrosis (CF) and non-CF bronchiectasis (NCFB). However, there is no unified practice to process sputa from collection to analysis, which can lead to highly variable, and sometimes inconsistent results. The main objective of this study is to bring light into the handling of sputum samples to establish a standardised and robust protocol before rheological measurements. Sputum collected from 22 CF and 10 NCFB adults, was divided into control (vortexed and fresh: non-heated and non-frozen) and three treated conditions (either non-vortexed, heated or frozen). In addition, 6 CF expectorations were used to study the dynamics of ageing over 24 h. Sputum's mechanical properties were measured with a rotational rheometer to obtain their properties at rest, elastic ([Formula: see text]) and viscous moduli ([Formula: see text]), and at the onset of flow, critical deformation ([Formula: see text]) and critical stress ([Formula: see text]). We demonstrate that heating sputum is completely destructive while freezing sputa at [Formula: see text] has no discernible effect on their rheology. We also show that the variability of rheological measurements largely resulted from the sample's macroscopic heterogeneity, and can be greatly reduced by non-destructive vortex homogenisation. Finally, we observed contrasted ageing effects as a fonction of purulence: while the viscoelasticity of purulent samples reduced by half within 6 h after collection, semi-purulent samples did not evolve. These results guide towards a robust unified protocol for simple sputum handling in rheometry. We therefore suggest to vortex and snap freeze sputum samples immediately after collection when direct testing is not possible.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lydia Esteban Enjuto
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble-INP, LRP UMR5520, Grenoble, France.
- Rheonova, 1 Allée de Certèze, 38610, Gières, France.
| | | | - Max Maurin
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, CHU Grenoble Alpes, TIMC, Grenoble, France
| | - Bruno Degano
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, INSERM U1030, CHU Grenoble Alpes, Grenoble, France
| | - Hugues Bodiguel
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, Grenoble-INP, LRP UMR5520, Grenoble, France
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Testa I, Crescenzi O, Esposito S. Gut Dysbiosis in Children with Cystic Fibrosis: Development, Features and the Role of Gut-Lung Axis on Disease Progression. Microorganisms 2022; 11:microorganisms11010009. [PMID: 36677301 PMCID: PMC9865868 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 12/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common autosomal recessive disease among Caucasians. Over the last 20 years, culture-independent analysis, including next-generation sequencing, has paired with culture-based microbiology, offering deeper insight into CF lung and gut microbiota. The aim of this review is to analyse the features of gut microbiota in patients with CF and its possible role in the progression of the disease, establishing the basis for a potential role in microbe-based therapies. The literature analysis showed that the gut environment in CF patients has unique features due to the characteristics of the disease, such as decreased bicarbonate secretion, increased luminal viscosity, and an acidic small intestinal environment, which, due to the treatment, includes regular antibiotic use or a high-energy and fat-dense diet. As a result, the gut microbial composition appears altered, with reduced richness and diversity. Moreover, the population of pro-inflammatory bacteria is higher, while immunomodulatory genera, such as Bacteroides and Bifidobacterium, are scarcer. The imbalanced gut microbial population has a potential role in the development of systemic inflammation and may influence clinical outcomes, such as respiratory exacerbations, spirometry results, and overall growth. Although a better understanding of the pathophysiology behind the gut-lung axis is needed, these findings support the rationale for considering gut microbiota manipulation as a possible intervention to regulate the severity and progression of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Testa
- Respiratory Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust, London WC1N 1LE, UK
| | - Oliviero Crescenzi
- Department of Anaesthesia, Hammersmith Hospital, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London WC1N 1LE, UK
| | - Susanna Esposito
- Paediatric Clinic, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy
- Correspondence:
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20
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Hardouin P, Pible O, Marchandin H, Culotta K, Armengaud J, Chiron R, Grenga L. Quick and wide-range taxonomical repertoire establishment of the cystic fibrosis lung microbiota by tandem mass spectrometry on sputum samples. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:975883. [PMID: 36312921 PMCID: PMC9608366 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.975883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms proteotyping by tandem mass spectrometry has been recently shown as a powerful methodology to identify the wide-range taxonomy and biomass of microbiota. Sputum is the recommended specimen for routine microbiological monitoring of Cystic Fibrosis (CF) patients but has been rarely submitted to tandem mass spectrometry-based proteotyping. In this study, we compared the microbial components of spontaneous and induced sputum samples from three cystic fibrosis patients. Although the presence of microbial proteins is much lower than host proteins, we report that the microbiota’s components present in the samples can be identified, as well as host biomarkers and functional insights into the microbiota. No significant difference was found in microorganism abundance between paired spontaneous and induced sputum samples. Microbial proteins linked to resistance, iron uptake, and biofilm-forming ability were observed in sputa independently of the sampling method. This unbiased and enlarged view of the CF microbiome could be highly complementary to culture and relevant for the clinical management of CF patients by improving knowledge about the host-pathogen dynamics and CF pathophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Hardouin
- Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, SPI, Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France
- Université de Montpellier, Laboratoire Innovations Technologiques pour la Détection et le Diagnostic (Li2D), Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France
| | - Olivier Pible
- Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, SPI, Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France
| | - Hélène Marchandin
- HydroSciences Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Service de Microbiologie et Hygiène Hospitalière, Université de Montpellier, CHU de Nîmes, Nîmes, France
| | - Karen Culotta
- Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, SPI, Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France
| | - Jean Armengaud
- Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, SPI, Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France
| | - Raphaël Chiron
- HydroSciences Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Centre de Ressources et de Compétences de la Mucoviscidose, Université de Montpellier, CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Lucia Grenga
- Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, SPI, Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France
- *Correspondence: Lucia Grenga,
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Jiang S, Chen Y, Han S, Lv L, Li L. Next-Generation Sequencing Applications for the Study of Fungal Pathogens. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10101882. [PMID: 36296159 PMCID: PMC9609632 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10101882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/13/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Next-generation sequencing (NGS) has become a widely used technology in biological research. NGS applications for clinical pathogen detection have become vital technologies. It is increasingly common to perform fast, accurate, and specific detection of clinical specimens using NGS. Pathogenic fungi with high virulence and drug resistance cause life-threatening clinical infections. NGS has had a significant biotechnological impact on detecting bacteria and viruses but is not equally applicable to fungi. There is a particularly urgent clinical need to use NGS to help identify fungi causing infections and prevent negative impacts. This review summarizes current research on NGS applications for fungi and offers a visual method of fungal detection. With the development of NGS and solutions for overcoming sequencing limitations, we suggest clinicians test specimens as soon as possible when encountering infections of unknown cause, suspected infections in vital organs, or rapidly progressive disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiman Jiang
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Yanfei Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Shengyi Han
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Longxian Lv
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Lanjuan Li
- State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, National Clinical Research Centre for Infectious Diseases, Collaborative Innovation Centre for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, 79 Qingchun Rd., Hangzhou 310003, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan 250021, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0571-8723-6458
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22
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Wrigley-Carr HE, van Dorst JM, Ooi CY. Intestinal dysbiosis and inflammation in cystic fibrosis impacts gut and multi-organ axes. Medicine in Microecology 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.medmic.2022.100057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
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23
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Li S, Zhou Y, Yan D, Wan Y. An Update on the Mutual Impact between SARS-CoV-2 Infection and Gut Microbiota. Viruses 2022; 14:1774. [PMID: 36016396 PMCID: PMC9415881 DOI: 10.3390/v14081774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2022] [Revised: 08/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The gut microbiota is essential for good health. It has also been demonstrated that the gut microbiota can regulate immune responses against respiratory tract infections. Since the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, accumulating evidence suggests that there is a link between the severity of COVID-19 and the alteration of one's gut microbiota. The composition of gut microbiota can be profoundly affected by COVID-19 and vice versa. Here, we summarize the observations of the mutual impact between SARS-CoV-2 infection and gut microbiota composition. We discuss the consequences and mechanisms of the bi-directional interaction. Moreover, we also discuss the immune cross-reactivity between SARS-CoV-2 and commensal bacteria, which represents a previously overlooked connection between COVID-19 and commensal gut bacteria. Finally, we summarize the progress in managing COVID-19 by utilizing microbial interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoshuai Li
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Shanghai 201508, China
- Key Laboratory of Microecology-Immune Regulatory Network and Related Diseases, School of Basic Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154000, China
| | - Yang Zhou
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
| | - Dongmei Yan
- Key Laboratory of Microecology-Immune Regulatory Network and Related Diseases, School of Basic Medicine, Jiamusi University, Jiamusi 154000, China
| | - Yanmin Wan
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Biosafety Emergency Response, National Medical Center for Infectious Diseases, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China
- Shanghai Public Health Clinical Center, Department of Radiology, Shanghai 201508, China
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24
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Ishchenko O, Koshova I, Krushinska T, Kolesnikova I, Stepanskyi D. Culture-dependent evaluation of the respiratory microbiome in children with cystic fibrosis. Eureka: HS 2022. [DOI: 10.21303/2504-5679.2022.002568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The study aimed to assess the regional peculiarities of the respiratory profile of children with cystic fibrosis (CF) in the Dnipro region (Ukraine).
Methods. Children living in the Dnipro region and aged younger than 18 years old with molecular-genetic confirmation of CF were enrolled in the study. Lung colonization was evaluated using a culture-dependent method. Sputum, mucus from the posterior pharyngeal wall and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were utilized.
Results. The Firmicutes phylum was the most common and occupied 54.00 % of the general proportion. On the other hand, the Proteobacteria phylum demonstrated overexpression in CF airways and kept the second rank with 28.87 %.
Sorensen's species similarity coefficient showed an allied affinity between the microbial burden of oropharyngeal samples with nasopharyngeal and sputum, QS = 0.61 and 0.91, respectively. However, the species composition within the nasal cavity was distinct from sputum and BALF (QS=0.47).
The primary pathogens in childhood were S. aureus, H. influenza, P. aeruginosa and A. fumigatus. In contrast to gram-negative non-fermenters (GNNF), the prevalence of S. aureus isolates by age had a non-linear character. The commensal microbiota changed negatively with age. Among children under 12 years, the Streptococcus genus was identified in 23.08 % of the samples, but among the age category older than 15 – only in 9.22 %.
11.06 % of S. aureus had small colony variants (SCVs) morphotypes. Isolates of P. aeruginosa with the properties of SCVs were also found in children who underwent prolonged antimicrobial treatment. However, the most prominent was the mucoid phenotype – 34.31 % of isolates.
Conclusions. Along with conventional microbiological properties, obligate pathobionts in children with CF exhibited changes, resulting in difficulties in identification. These included auxotrophic modification into SCVs and mucoid transformation.
The culture-dependent technique gives crucial data about the profile of pathogens usually associated with CF, although it is sufficiently limited
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25
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Klosinska K, Reece E, Kenny E, Renwick J. Reducing human DNA bias in cystic fibrosis airway specimens for microbiome analysis. J Microbiol Methods 2022; 200:106540. [PMID: 35853495 DOI: 10.1016/j.mimet.2022.106540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 07/12/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Next generation sequencing (NGS) has transformed our understanding of airway microbiology, however there are methodology limitations that require consideration. The presence of high concentrations of human DNA in clinical specimens can significantly impact sequencing of the microbiome, especially in low biomass samples. Here we compared three different methods (0.025% saponin, NEBNext Microbiome DNA enrichment kit, QIAamp DNA microbiome kit) for the reduction of human DNA from six CF sputum samples and determined the impact on the microbiome detected using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Human DNA in undepleted CF sputum accounted for 94.3% of the total DNA. Saponin, the NEBNext kit and the QIAamp kit reduced human DNA levels by an average of 38.7%, 61.8% and 94.8%, respectively. None of the depletion methods reduced total bacterial DNA concentrations. QIAamp depletion did not influence taxa richness or alpha diversity however alterations to the core genera were noted following depletion. While all methods reduced human DNA in the CF sputum samples, the QIAamp DNA microbiome kit reduced Human DNA levels significantly while leaving bacterial DNA levels unchanged. Human DNA depletion in low biomass, human DNA-dense CF sputum samples is vital for improving bacterial resolution in the CF airway microbiome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Klosinska
- Clinical Microbiology Department, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Emma Reece
- Clinical Microbiology Department, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Elaine Kenny
- ELDA Biotech, Naas, Kildare, Ireland; TrinSeq, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Julie Renwick
- Clinical Microbiology Department, Trinity College Dublin, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
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26
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Stricker S, Hain T, Chao CM, Rudloff S. Respiratory and Intestinal Microbiota in Pediatric Lung Diseases-Current Evidence of the Gut-Lung Axis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23126791. [PMID: 35743234 PMCID: PMC9224356 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23126791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Revised: 06/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/14/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The intestinal microbiota is known to influence local immune homeostasis in the gut and to shape the developing immune system towards elimination of pathogens and tolerance towards self-antigens. Even though the lung was considered sterile for a long time, recent evidence using next-generation sequencing techniques confirmed that the lower airways possess their own local microbiota. Since then, there has been growing evidence that the local respiratory and intestinal microbiota play a role in acute and chronic pediatric lung diseases. The concept of the so-called gut–lung axis describing the mutual influence of local microbiota on distal immune mechanisms was established. The mechanisms by which the intestinal microbiota modulates the systemic immune response include the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and signaling through pattern recognition receptors (PRR) and segmented filamentous bacteria. Those factors influence the secretion of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines by immune cells and further modulate differentiation and recruitment of T cells to the lung. This article does not only aim at reviewing recent mechanistic evidence from animal studies regarding the gut–lung axis, but also summarizes current knowledge from observational studies and human trials investigating the role of the respiratory and intestinal microbiota and their modulation by pre-, pro-, and synbiotics in pediatric lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Stricker
- Department of Pediatrics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-641-985-56617
| | - Torsten Hain
- Institute of Medical Microbiology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany;
- German Center for Infection Research (DZIF), Partner Site Giessen-Marburg-Langen, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - Cho-Ming Chao
- Department of Pediatrics, University Medical Center Rostock, 18057 Rostock, Germany;
| | - Silvia Rudloff
- Department of Pediatrics, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany;
- Department of Nutritional Science, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
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27
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Sur S, Patra T, Karmakar M, Banerjee A. Mycobacterium abscessus: insights from a bioinformatic perspective. Crit Rev Microbiol 2022:1-16. [PMID: 35696783 DOI: 10.1080/1040841x.2022.2082268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Mycobacterium abscessus is a nontuberculous mycobacterium, associated with broncho-pulmonary infections in individuals suffering from cystic fibrosis, bronchiectasis, and pulmonary diseases. The risk factors for transmission include biofilms, contaminated water resources, fomites, and infected individuals. M. abscessus is extensively resistant to antibiotics. To date, there is no vaccine and combination antibiotic therapy is followed. However, drug toxicities, low cure rates, and high cost of treatment make it imperfect. Over the last 20 years, bioinformatic studies on M. abscessus have advanced our understanding of the pathogen. This review integrates knowledge from the analysis of genomes, microbiomes, genomic variations, phylogeny, proteome, transcriptome, secretome, antibiotic resistance, and vaccine design to further our understanding. The utility of genome-based studies in comprehending disease progression, surveillance, tracing transmission routes, and epidemiological outbreaks on a global scale has been highlighted. Furthermore, this review underlined the importance of using computational methodologies for pinpointing factors responsible for pathogen survival and resistance. We reiterate the significance of interdisciplinary research to fight M. abscessus. In a nutshell, the outcome of computational studies can go a long way in creating novel therapeutic avenues to control M. abscessus mediated pulmonary infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saubashya Sur
- Postgraduate Department of Botany, Ramananda College, Bishnupur, India
| | - Tanushree Patra
- Postgraduate Department of Botany, Ramananda College, Bishnupur, India
| | - Mistu Karmakar
- Postgraduate Department of Botany, Ramananda College, Bishnupur, India
| | - Anindita Banerjee
- Postgraduate Department of Botany, Ramananda College, Bishnupur, India
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28
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Harvey C, Weldon S, Elborn S, Downey DG, Taggart C. The Effect of CFTR Modulators on Airway Infection in Cystic Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:3513. [PMID: 35408875 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 03/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The advent of Cystic fibrosis transmembrane receptor (CFTR) modulators in 2012 was a critical event in the history of cystic fibrosis (CF) treatment. Unlike traditional therapies that target downstream effects of CFTR dysfunction, CFTR modulators aim to correct the underlying defect at the protein level. These genotype-specific therapies are now available for an increasing number of CF patients, transforming the way we view the condition from a life-limiting disease to one that can be effectively managed. Several studies have demonstrated the vast improvement CFTR modulators have on normalization of sweat chloride, CFTR function, clinical endpoints, and frequency of pulmonary exacerbation. However, their impact on other aspects of the disease, such as pathogenic burden and airway infection, remain under explored. Frequent airway infections as a result of increased susceptibility and impaired innate immune response are a serious problem within CF, often leading to accelerated decline in lung function and disease progression. Current evidence suggests that CFTR modulators are unable to eradicate pathogenic organisms in those with already established lung disease. However, this may not be the case for those with relatively low levels of disease progression and conserved microbial diversity, such as young patients. Furthermore, it remains unknown whether the restorative effects exerted by CFTR modulators extend to immune cells, such as phagocytes, which have the potential to modulate the response of people with CF (pwCF) to infection. Throughout this review, we look at the potential impact of CFTR modulators on airway infection in CF and their ability to shape impaired pulmonary defences to pathogens.
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29
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Pérez-Cobas AE, Baquero F, de Pablo R, Soriano MC, Coque TM. Altered Ecology of the Respiratory Tract Microbiome and Nosocomial Pneumonia. Front Microbiol 2022; 12:709421. [PMID: 35222291 PMCID: PMC8866767 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.709421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Nosocomial pneumonia is one of the most frequent infections in critical patients. It is primarily associated with mechanical ventilation leading to severe illness, high mortality, and prolonged hospitalization. The risk of mortality has increased over time due to the rise in multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections, which represent a global public health threat. Respiratory tract microbiome (RTM) research is growing, and recent studies suggest that a healthy RTM positively stimulates the immune system and, like the gut microbiome, can protect against pathogen infection through colonization resistance (CR). Physiological conditions of critical patients and interventions as antibiotics administration and mechanical ventilation dramatically alter the RTM, leading to dysbiosis. The dysbiosis of the RTM of ICU patients favors the colonization by opportunistic and resistant pathogens that can be part of the microbiota or acquired from the hospital environments (biotic or built ones). Despite recent evidence demonstrating the significance of RTM in nosocomial infections, most of the host-RTM interactions remain unknown. In this context, we present our perspective regarding research in RTM altered ecology in the clinical environment, particularly as a risk for acquisition of nosocomial pneumonia. We also reflect on the gaps in the field and suggest future research directions. Moreover, expected microbiome-based interventions together with the tools to study the RTM highlighting the "omics" approaches are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Elena Pérez-Cobas
- Department of Microbiology, Ramón y Cajal Institute for Health Research (IRYCIS), Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Fernando Baquero
- Department of Microbiology, Ramón y Cajal Institute for Health Research (IRYCIS), Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER in Epidemiology and Public Health (CIBERESP), Madrid, Spain
| | - Raúl de Pablo
- Intensive Care Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - María Cruz Soriano
- Intensive Care Department, Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Teresa M Coque
- Department of Microbiology, Ramón y Cajal Institute for Health Research (IRYCIS), Ramón y Cajal University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.,CIBER in Infectious Diseases (CIBERINFEC), Madrid, Spain
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30
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Costa CFFA, Sampaio-Maia B, Araujo R, Nascimento DS, Ferreira-Gomes J, Pestana M, Azevedo MJ, Alencastre IS. Gut Microbiome and Organ Fibrosis. Nutrients 2022; 14:352. [PMID: 35057530 DOI: 10.3390/nu14020352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Revised: 01/07/2022] [Accepted: 01/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fibrosis is a pathological process associated with most chronic inflammatory diseases. It is defined by an excessive deposition of extracellular matrix proteins and can affect nearly every tissue and organ system in the body. Fibroproliferative diseases, such as intestinal fibrosis, liver cirrhosis, progressive kidney disease and cardiovascular disease, often lead to severe organ damage and are a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, for which there are currently no effective therapies available. In the past decade, a growing body of evidence has highlighted the gut microbiome as a major player in the regulation of the innate and adaptive immune system, with severe implications in the pathogenesis of multiple immune-mediated disorders. Gut microbiota dysbiosis has been associated with the development and progression of fibrotic processes in various organs and is predicted to be a potential therapeutic target for fibrosis management. In this review we summarize the state of the art concerning the crosstalk between intestinal microbiota and organ fibrosis, address the relevance of diet in different fibrotic diseases and discuss gut microbiome-targeted therapeutic approaches that are current being explored.
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31
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Kozlov AV, Lyamin AV, Zhestkov A, Gusyakova O, Khaliulin A. Iron metabolism in bacterial cells: from physiological significance to a new class of antimicrobial agents. CMAC 2022. [DOI: 10.36488/cmac.2022.2.165-170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Infectious complications in the respiratory tract caused by microorganisms from the Burkholderia cepacia complex are the main cause of death among patients with cystic fibrosis. Natural and acquired resistance mechanisms allow Burkholderia cepacia complex pathogens to adapt to the conditions of regular antibiotic therapy, which necessitates the use of antibacterial drugs with an alternative mechanism of action. Studies on the importance of iron as an essential factor in the metabolism of bacteria and methods of its acquisition from the environment contributed to the development of a new antibiotic from a number of cephalosporins – cefiderocol. In the structure of cefiderocol, a fragment is formed that imitates siderophores – chelating molecules that ensure the transport of iron ions into the internal environment of the microorganism. A unique mechanism, described in the scientific literature as a “Trojan horse”, allows antibiotic molecules conjugated with siderophores to effectively penetrate into the bacterial cell, exerting a bactericidal effect. Thus, cefiderocol can be used to treat infectious complications in the lungs of patients with cystic fibrosis caused by bacteria from the Burkholderia cepacia complex, including multidrug-resistant strains. In addition, the spectrum of activity of cefiderocol allows the use of this antibiotic in the treatment of infections caused by nosocomial gram-negative bacteria such as Enterobacterales, Acinetobacter, Pseudomonas and Stenotrophomonas.
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32
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Bao X, Bové M, Coenye T. Organic acids and their salts potentiate the activity of selected antibiotics against Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms grown in a synthetic cystic fibrosis sputum medium. Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2021;:AAC0187521. [PMID: 34807756 DOI: 10.1128/AAC.01875-21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The failure of antibiotic therapy in respiratory tract infections in cystic fibrosis is partly due to the high tolerance observed in Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilms. This tolerance is mediated by changes in bacterial metabolism linked to growth in biofilms, opening up potential avenues for novel treatment approaches based on modulating metabolism. The goal of the present study was to identify carbon sources that increase the inhibiting and/or eradicating activity of tobramycin, ciprofloxacin and ceftazidime against P. aeruginosa PAO1 biofilms grown in a synthetic cystic fibrosis sputum medium (SCFM2) and to elucidate their mode of action. After screening 69 carbon sources, several combinations of antibiotics + carbon sources that showed markedly higher anti-biofilm activity than antibiotics alone were identified. D,L-malic acid and sodium acetate could potentiate both biofilm inhibiting and eradicating activity of ciprofloxacin and ceftazidime, respectively, while citric acid could only potentiate biofilm inhibitory activity of tobramycin. The mechanisms underlying the increased biofilm eradicating activity of combinations ciprofloxacin/D,L-malic acid and ceftazidime/sodium acetate are similar but not identical. Potentiation of ceftazidime activity by sodium acetate was linked to increased metabolic activity, a functional TCA cycle, increased ROS production and high intracellular pH, whereas the latter was not required for D,L-malic acid potentiation of ciprofloxacin. Finally, our results indicate that the potentiation of antibiotic activity by carbon sources is strain dependent.
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33
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Bacci G, Rossi A, Armanini F, Cangioli L, De Fino I, Segata N, Mengoni A, Bragonzi A, Bevivino A. Lung and Gut Microbiota Changes Associated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa Infection in Mouse Models of Cystic Fibrosis. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212169. [PMID: 34830048 PMCID: PMC8625166 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) disease leads to altered lung and gut microbiomes compared to healthy subjects. The magnitude of this dysbiosis is influenced by organ-specific microenvironmental conditions at different stages of the disease. However, how this gut-lung dysbiosis is influenced by Pseudomonas aeruginosa chronic infection is unclear. To test the relationship between CFTR dysfunction and gut-lung microbiome under chronic infection, we established a model of P. aeruginosa infection in wild-type (WT) and gut-corrected CF mice. Using 16S ribosomal RNA gene, we compared lung, stool, and gut microbiota of C57Bl/6 Cftr tm1UNCTgN(FABPCFTR) or WT mice at the naïve state or infected with P. aeruginosa. P. aeruginosa infection influences murine health significantly changing body weight both in CF and WT mice. Both stool and gut microbiota revealed significantly higher values of alpha diversity in WT mice than in CF mice, while lung microbiota showed similar values. Infection with P. aeruginosa did not changed the diversity of the stool and gut microbiota, while a drop of diversity of the lung microbiota was observed compared to non-infected mice. However, the taxonomic composition of gut microbiota was shown to be influenced by P. aeruginosa infection in CF mice but not in WT mice. This finding indicates that P. aeruginosa chronic infection has a major impact on microbiota diversity and composition in the lung. In the gut, CFTR genotype and P. aeruginosa infection affected the overall diversity and taxonomic microbiota composition, respectively. Overall, our results suggest a cross-talk between lung and gut microbiota in relation to P. aeruginosa chronic infection and CFTR mutation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Bacci
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy; (G.B.); (L.C.); (A.M.)
| | - Alice Rossi
- Infections and Cystic Fibrosis Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (A.R.); (I.D.F.); (A.B.)
| | - Federica Armanini
- Department CIBIO, University of Trento, 38122 Trento, Italy; (F.A.); (N.S.)
| | - Lisa Cangioli
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy; (G.B.); (L.C.); (A.M.)
| | - Ida De Fino
- Infections and Cystic Fibrosis Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (A.R.); (I.D.F.); (A.B.)
| | - Nicola Segata
- Department CIBIO, University of Trento, 38122 Trento, Italy; (F.A.); (N.S.)
| | - Alessio Mengoni
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy; (G.B.); (L.C.); (A.M.)
| | - Alessandra Bragonzi
- Infections and Cystic Fibrosis Unit, Division of Immunology, Transplantation and Infectious Diseases, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, 20132 Milan, Italy; (A.R.); (I.D.F.); (A.B.)
| | - Annamaria Bevivino
- Department for Sustainability, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, ENEA Casaccia Research Center, 00123 Rome, Italy
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0630-483-868
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Schamschula E, Lahnsteiner A, Assenov Y, Hagmann W, Zaborsky N, Wiederstein M, Strobl A, Stanke F, Muley T, Plass C, Tümmler B, Risch A. Disease-related blood-based differential methylation in cystic fibrosis and its representation in lung cancer revealed a regulatory locus in PKP3 in lung epithelial cells. Epigenetics 2021; 17:837-860. [PMID: 34415821 PMCID: PMC9423854 DOI: 10.1080/15592294.2021.1959976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a monogenic disease, characterized by massive chronic lung inflammation. The observed variability in clinical phenotypes in monozygotic CF twins is likely associated with the extent of inflammation. This study sought to investigate inflammation-related aberrant DNA methylation in CF twins and to determine to what extent acquired methylation changes may be associated with lung cancer. Blood-based genome-wide DNA methylation analysis was performed to compare the DNA methylomes of monozygotic twins, from the European CF Twin and Sibling Study with various degrees of disease severity. Putatively inflammation-related and differentially methylated positions were selected from a large lung cancer case-control study and investigated in blood by targeted bisulphite next-generation-sequencing. An inflammation-related locus located in the Plakophilin-3 (PKP3) gene was functionally analysed regarding promoter and enhancer activity in presence and absence of methylation using luciferase reporter assays. We confirmed in a unique cohort that monozygotic twins, even if clinically discordant, have only minor differences in global DNA methylation patterns and blood cell composition. Further, we determined the most differentially methylated positions, a high proportion of which are blood cell-type-specific, whereas others may be acquired and thus have potential relevance in the context of inflammation as lung cancer risk factors. We identified a sequence in the gene body of PKP3 which is hypermethylated in blood from CF twins with severe phenotype and highly variably methylated in lung cancer patients and controls, independent of known clinical parameters, and showed that this region exhibits methylation-dependent promoter activity in lung epithelial cells.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Yassen Assenov
- Division of Cancer Epigenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Hagmann
- Division of Cancer Epigenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nadja Zaborsky
- Department of Internal Medicine III with Haematology, Medical Oncology, Haemostaseology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Oncologic Center, Salzburg Cancer Research Institute - Laboratory for Immunological and Molecular Cancer Research (SCRI-LIMCR), Paracelsus Medical University, Salzburg, Austria.,Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | | | - Anna Strobl
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria
| | - Frauke Stanke
- Clinical Research Group, Clinic for Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and NeonatologyClinic for Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Thomas Muley
- Translational Research Unit, Thoraxklinik Heidelberg, University of Heidelberg, Germany.,Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Christoph Plass
- Division of Cancer Epigenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Burkhard Tümmler
- Clinical Research Group, Clinic for Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and NeonatologyClinic for Pediatric Pneumology, Allergology and Neonatology, Hannover, Germany.,Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), German Center for Lung Research, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany
| | - Angela Risch
- Department of Biosciences, University of Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.,Division of Cancer Epigenomics, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.,Cancer Cluster Salzburg, Salzburg, Austria.,Translational Lung Research Center Heidelberg (TLRC-H), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Heidelberg, Germany
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35
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Scoffone VC, Trespidi G, Barbieri G, Irudal S, Perrin E, Buroni S. Role of RND Efflux Pumps in Drug Resistance of Cystic Fibrosis Pathogens. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:863. [PMID: 34356783 PMCID: PMC8300704 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10070863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug resistance represents a great concern among people with cystic fibrosis (CF), due to the recurrent and prolonged antibiotic therapy they should often undergo. Among Multi Drug Resistance (MDR) determinants, Resistance-Nodulation-cell Division (RND) efflux pumps have been reported as the main contributors, due to their ability to extrude a wide variety of molecules out of the bacterial cell. In this review, we summarize the principal RND efflux pump families described in CF pathogens, focusing on the main Gram-negative bacterial species (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Burkholderia cenocepacia, Achromobacter xylosoxidans, Stenotrophomonas maltophilia) for which a predominant role of RND pumps has been associated to MDR phenotypes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Viola Camilla Scoffone
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (V.C.S.); (G.T.); (G.B.); (S.I.)
| | - Gabriele Trespidi
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (V.C.S.); (G.T.); (G.B.); (S.I.)
| | - Giulia Barbieri
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (V.C.S.); (G.T.); (G.B.); (S.I.)
| | - Samuele Irudal
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (V.C.S.); (G.T.); (G.B.); (S.I.)
| | - Elena Perrin
- Department of Biology, University of Florence, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| | - Silvia Buroni
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Lazzaro Spallanzani”, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy; (V.C.S.); (G.T.); (G.B.); (S.I.)
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36
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Puccetti M, Pariano M, Renga G, Santarelli I, D’Onofrio F, Bellet MM, Stincardini C, Bartoli A, Costantini C, Romani L, Ricci M, Giovagnoli S. Targeted Drug Delivery Technologies Potentiate the Overall Therapeutic Efficacy of an Indole Derivative in a Mouse Cystic Fibrosis Setting. Cells 2021; 10:1601. [PMID: 34202407 PMCID: PMC8305708 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation plays a major role in the pathophysiology of cystic fibrosis (CF), a multisystem disease. Anti-inflammatory therapies are, therefore, of interest in CF, provided that the inhibition of inflammation does not compromise the ability to fight pathogens. Here, we assess whether indole-3-aldehyde (3-IAld), a ligand of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR), may encompass such an activity. We resorted to biopharmaceutical technologies in order to deliver 3-IAld directly into the lung, via dry powder inhalation, or into the gut, via enteric microparticles, in murine models of CF infection and inflammation. We found the site-specific delivery of 3-IAld to be an efficient strategy to restore immune and microbial homeostasis in CF organs, and mitigate lung and gut inflammatory pathology in response to fungal infections, in the relative absence of local and systemic inflammatory toxicity. Thus, enhanced delivery to target organs of AhR agonists, such as 3-IAld, may pave the way for the development of safe and effective anti-inflammatory agents in CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Puccetti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Marilena Pariano
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (M.P.); (G.R.); (I.S.); (F.D.); (M.M.B.); (C.S.); (A.B.); (C.C.); (L.R.)
| | - Giorgia Renga
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (M.P.); (G.R.); (I.S.); (F.D.); (M.M.B.); (C.S.); (A.B.); (C.C.); (L.R.)
| | - Ilaria Santarelli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (M.P.); (G.R.); (I.S.); (F.D.); (M.M.B.); (C.S.); (A.B.); (C.C.); (L.R.)
| | - Fiorella D’Onofrio
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (M.P.); (G.R.); (I.S.); (F.D.); (M.M.B.); (C.S.); (A.B.); (C.C.); (L.R.)
| | - Marina M. Bellet
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (M.P.); (G.R.); (I.S.); (F.D.); (M.M.B.); (C.S.); (A.B.); (C.C.); (L.R.)
| | - Claudia Stincardini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (M.P.); (G.R.); (I.S.); (F.D.); (M.M.B.); (C.S.); (A.B.); (C.C.); (L.R.)
| | - Andrea Bartoli
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (M.P.); (G.R.); (I.S.); (F.D.); (M.M.B.); (C.S.); (A.B.); (C.C.); (L.R.)
| | - Claudio Costantini
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (M.P.); (G.R.); (I.S.); (F.D.); (M.M.B.); (C.S.); (A.B.); (C.C.); (L.R.)
| | - Luigina Romani
- Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, 06132 Perugia, Italy; (M.P.); (G.R.); (I.S.); (F.D.); (M.M.B.); (C.S.); (A.B.); (C.C.); (L.R.)
| | - Maurizio Ricci
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy;
| | - Stefano Giovagnoli
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Perugia, 06123 Perugia, Italy;
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Woods DF, Flynn S, Caparrós-Martín JA, Stick SM, Reen FJ, O'Gara F. Systems Biology and Bile Acid Signalling in Microbiome-Host Interactions in the Cystic Fibrosis Lung. Antibiotics (Basel) 2021; 10:766. [PMID: 34202495 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics10070766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 06/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The study of the respiratory microbiota has revealed that the lungs of healthy and diseased individuals harbour distinct microbial communities. Imbalances in these communities can contribute to the pathogenesis of lung disease. How these imbalances occur and establish is largely unknown. This review is focused on the genetically inherited condition of Cystic Fibrosis (CF). Understanding the microbial and host-related factors that govern the establishment of chronic CF lung inflammation and pathogen colonisation is essential. Specifically, dissecting the interplay in the inflammation–pathogen–host axis. Bile acids are important host derived and microbially modified signal molecules that have been detected in CF lungs. These bile acids are associated with inflammation and restructuring of the lung microbiota linked to chronicity. This community remodelling involves a switch in the lung microbiota from a high biodiversity/low pathogen state to a low biodiversity/pathogen-dominated state. Bile acids are particularly associated with the dominance of Proteobacterial pathogens. The ability of bile acids to impact directly on both the lung microbiota and the host response offers a unifying principle underpinning the pathogenesis of CF. The modulating role of bile acids in lung microbiota dysbiosis and inflammation could offer new potential targets for designing innovative therapeutic approaches for respiratory disease.
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Hardouin P, Chiron R, Marchandin H, Armengaud J, Grenga L. Metaproteomics to Decipher CF Host-Microbiota Interactions: Overview, Challenges and Future Perspectives. Genes (Basel) 2021; 12:892. [PMID: 34207804 PMCID: PMC8227082 DOI: 10.3390/genes12060892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 05/30/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a hereditary disease caused by mutations in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene, triggering dysfunction of the anion channel in several organs including the lung and gut. The main cause of morbidity and mortality is chronic infection. The microbiota is now included among the additional factors that could contribute to the exacerbation of patient symptoms, to treatment outcome, and more generally to the phenotypic variability observed in CF patients. In recent years, various omics tools have started to shed new light on microbial communities associated with CF and host-microbiota interactions. In this context, proteomics targets the key effectors of the responses from organisms, and thus their phenotypes. Recent advances are promising in terms of gaining insights into the CF microbiota and its relation with the host. This review provides an overview of the contributions made by proteomics and metaproteomics to our knowledge of the complex host-microbiota partnership in CF. Considering the strengths and weaknesses of proteomics-based approaches in profiling the microbiota in the context of other diseases, we illustrate their potential and discuss possible strategies to overcome their limitations in monitoring both the respiratory and intestinal microbiota in sample from patients with CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pauline Hardouin
- Laboratoire Innovations technologiques pour la Détection et le Diagnostic (Li2D), Université de Montpellier, 30207 Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France;
- Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, SPI, 30200 Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France;
| | - Raphael Chiron
- HydroSciences Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Université de Montpellier, Centre de Ressources et de Compétences de la Mucoviscidose, CHU de Montpellier, 34093 Montpellier, France;
| | - Hélène Marchandin
- HydroSciences Montpellier, CNRS, IRD, Université de Montpellier, Service de Microbiologie et Hygiène Hospitalière, CHU Nîmes, 34093 Nîmes, France;
| | - Jean Armengaud
- Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, SPI, 30200 Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France;
| | - Lucia Grenga
- Département Médicaments et Technologies pour la Santé (DMTS), Université Paris-Saclay, CEA, INRAE, SPI, 30200 Bagnols-sur-Cèze, France;
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Lamoureux C, Guilloux CA, Beauruelle C, Gouriou S, Ramel S, Dirou A, Le Bihan J, Revert K, Ropars T, Lagrafeuille R, Vallet S, Le Berre R, Nowak E, Héry-Arnaud G. An observational study of anaerobic bacteria in cystic fibrosis lung using culture dependant and independent approaches. Sci Rep 2021; 11:6845. [PMID: 33767218 PMCID: PMC7994387 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-85592-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Strict anaerobes are undeniably important residents of the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung but are still unknowns. The main objectives of this study were to describe anaerobic bacteria diversity in CF airway microbiota and to evaluate the association with lung function. An observational study was conducted during eight months. A hundred and one patients were enrolled in the study, and 150 sputum samples were collected using a sterile sample kit designed to preserve anaerobic conditions. An extended-culture approach on 112 sputa and a molecular approach (quantitative PCR targeting three of the main anaerobic genera in CF lung: Prevotella, Veillonella, and Fusobacterium) on 141 sputa were developed. On culture, 91.1% of sputa were positive for at least one anaerobic bacterial species, with an average of six anaerobic species detected per sputum. Thirty-one anaerobic genera and 69 species were found, which is the largest anaerobe diversity ever reported in CF lungs. Better lung function (defined as Forced Expiratory Volume in one second > 70%) was significantly associated with higher quantification of Veillonella. These results raise the question of the potential impact of anaerobes on lung function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudie Lamoureux
- INSERM, EFS, Univ Brest, UMR 1078, GGB, 29200, Brest, France.,Department of Bacteriology, Virology, Hospital Hygiene, and Parasitology-Mycology, Brest University Hospital, Boulevard Tanguy Prigent, 29200, Brest, France
| | | | - Clémence Beauruelle
- INSERM, EFS, Univ Brest, UMR 1078, GGB, 29200, Brest, France.,Department of Bacteriology, Virology, Hospital Hygiene, and Parasitology-Mycology, Brest University Hospital, Boulevard Tanguy Prigent, 29200, Brest, France
| | | | - Sophie Ramel
- Cystic Fibrosis Center of Roscoff, Fondation Ildys, Roscoff, France
| | - Anne Dirou
- Cystic Fibrosis Center of Roscoff, Fondation Ildys, Roscoff, France
| | - Jean Le Bihan
- Cystic Fibrosis Center of Roscoff, Fondation Ildys, Roscoff, France
| | - Krista Revert
- Cystic Fibrosis Center of Roscoff, Fondation Ildys, Roscoff, France
| | - Thomas Ropars
- Cystic Fibrosis Center of Roscoff, Fondation Ildys, Roscoff, France
| | | | - Sophie Vallet
- INSERM, EFS, Univ Brest, UMR 1078, GGB, 29200, Brest, France.,Department of Bacteriology, Virology, Hospital Hygiene, and Parasitology-Mycology, Brest University Hospital, Boulevard Tanguy Prigent, 29200, Brest, France
| | - Rozenn Le Berre
- INSERM, EFS, Univ Brest, UMR 1078, GGB, 29200, Brest, France.,Department of Pulmonary and Internal Medicine, Brest University Hospital, Brest, France
| | - Emmanuel Nowak
- INSERM CIC 1412, Brest University Hospital, Brest, France
| | - Geneviève Héry-Arnaud
- INSERM, EFS, Univ Brest, UMR 1078, GGB, 29200, Brest, France. .,Department of Bacteriology, Virology, Hospital Hygiene, and Parasitology-Mycology, Brest University Hospital, Boulevard Tanguy Prigent, 29200, Brest, France.
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Magryś A. Microbiota: A Missing Link in The Pathogenesis of Chronic Lung Inflammatory Diseases. Pol J Microbiol 2021; 70:25-32. [PMID: 33815524 PMCID: PMC8008760 DOI: 10.33073/pjm-2021-013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic respiratory diseases account for high morbidity and mortality, with asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and cystic fibrosis (CF) being the most prevalent globally. Even though the diseases increase in prevalence, the exact underlying mechanisms have still not been fully understood. Despite their differences in nature, pathophysiologies, and clinical phenotypes, a growing body of evidence indicates that the presence of lung microbiota can shape the pathogenic processes underlying chronic inflammation, typically observed in the course of the diseases. Therefore, the characterization of the lung microbiota may shed new light on the pathogenesis of these diseases. Specifically, in chronic respiratory tract diseases, the human microbiota may contribute to the disease’s development and severity. The present review explores the role of the microbiota in the area of chronic pulmonary diseases, especially COPD, asthma, and CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Magryś
- Chair and Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland
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Thavamani A, Salem I, Sferra TJ, Sankararaman S. Impact of Altered Gut Microbiota and Its Metabolites in Cystic Fibrosis. Metabolites 2021; 11:metabo11020123. [PMID: 33671639 PMCID: PMC7926988 DOI: 10.3390/metabo11020123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the most common lethal, multisystemic genetic disorder in Caucasians. Mutations in the gene encoding the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator (CFTR) protein are responsible for impairment of epithelial anionic transport, leading to impaired fluid regulation and pH imbalance across multiple organs. Gastrointestinal (GI) manifestations in CF may begin in utero and continue throughout the life, resulting in a chronic state of an altered intestinal milieu. Inherent dysfunction of CFTR leads to dysbiosis of the gut. This state of dysbiosis is further perpetuated by acquired factors such as use of antibiotics for recurrent pulmonary exacerbations. Since the gastrointestinal microbiome and their metabolites play a vital role in nutrition, metabolic, inflammatory, and immune functions, the gut dysbiosis will in turn impact various manifestations of CF-both GI and extra-GI. This review focuses on the consequences of gut dysbiosis and its metabolic implications on CF disease and possible ways to restore homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aravind Thavamani
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, UH Rainbow Babies & Children’s Hospital, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (A.T.); (T.J.S.)
| | - Iman Salem
- Center for Medial Mycology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, UH Cleveland Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA;
| | - Thomas J. Sferra
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, UH Rainbow Babies & Children’s Hospital, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (A.T.); (T.J.S.)
| | - Senthilkumar Sankararaman
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, UH Rainbow Babies & Children’s Hospital, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA; (A.T.); (T.J.S.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-216-844-1765
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Scialo F, Amato F, Cernera G, Gelzo M, Zarrilli F, Comegna M, Pastore L, Bianco A, Castaldo G. Lung Microbiome in Cystic Fibrosis. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:life11020094. [PMID: 33513903 PMCID: PMC7911450 DOI: 10.3390/life11020094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The defective mucociliary clearance due to CFTR malfunctioning causes predisposition to the colonization of pathogens responsible for the recurrent inflammation and rapid deterioration of lung function in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF). This has also a profound effect on the lung microbiome composition, causing a progressive reduction in its diversity, which has become a common characteristic of patients affected by CF. Although we know that the lung microbiome plays an essential role in maintaining lung physiology, our comprehension of how the microbial components interact with each other and the lung, as well as how these interactions change during the disease's course, is still at an early stage. Many challenges exist and many questions still to be answered, but there is no doubt that manipulation of the lung microbiome could help to develop better therapies for people affected by CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Filippo Scialo
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80131 Napoli, Italy;
- CEINGE, Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Napoli, Italy; (F.A.); (G.C.); (M.G.); (F.Z.); (M.C.); (L.P.); (G.C.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Felice Amato
- CEINGE, Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Napoli, Italy; (F.A.); (G.C.); (M.G.); (F.Z.); (M.C.); (L.P.); (G.C.)
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, 80145 Napoli, Italy
| | - Gustavo Cernera
- CEINGE, Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Napoli, Italy; (F.A.); (G.C.); (M.G.); (F.Z.); (M.C.); (L.P.); (G.C.)
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, 80145 Napoli, Italy
| | - Monica Gelzo
- CEINGE, Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Napoli, Italy; (F.A.); (G.C.); (M.G.); (F.Z.); (M.C.); (L.P.); (G.C.)
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, 80145 Napoli, Italy
| | - Federica Zarrilli
- CEINGE, Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Napoli, Italy; (F.A.); (G.C.); (M.G.); (F.Z.); (M.C.); (L.P.); (G.C.)
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, 80145 Napoli, Italy
| | - Marika Comegna
- CEINGE, Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Napoli, Italy; (F.A.); (G.C.); (M.G.); (F.Z.); (M.C.); (L.P.); (G.C.)
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, 80145 Napoli, Italy
| | - Lucio Pastore
- CEINGE, Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Napoli, Italy; (F.A.); (G.C.); (M.G.); (F.Z.); (M.C.); (L.P.); (G.C.)
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, 80145 Napoli, Italy
| | - Andrea Bianco
- Dipartimento di Scienze Mediche Traslazionali, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, 80131 Napoli, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Castaldo
- CEINGE, Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Napoli, Italy; (F.A.); (G.C.); (M.G.); (F.Z.); (M.C.); (L.P.); (G.C.)
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Biotecnologie Mediche, Università di Napoli Federico II, 80145 Napoli, Italy
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Tzani-Tzanopoulou P, Skliros D, Megremis S, Xepapadaki P, Andreakos E, Chanishvili N, Flemetakis E, Kaltsas G, Taka S, Lebessi E, Doudoulakakis A, Papadopoulos NG. Interactions of Bacteriophages and Bacteria at the Airway Mucosa: New Insights Into the Pathophysiology of Asthma. Front Allergy 2021; 1:617240. [PMID: 35386933 PMCID: PMC8974763 DOI: 10.3389/falgy.2020.617240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The airway epithelium is the primary site where inhaled and resident microbiota interacts between themselves and the host, potentially playing an important role on allergic asthma development and pathophysiology. With the advent of culture independent molecular techniques and high throughput technologies, the complex composition and diversity of bacterial communities of the airways has been well-documented and the notion of the lungs' sterility definitively rejected. Recent studies indicate that the microbial composition of the asthmatic airways across the spectrum of disease severity, differ significantly compared with healthy individuals. In parallel, a growing body of evidence suggests that bacterial viruses (bacteriophages or simply phages), regulating bacterial populations, are present in almost every niche of the human body and can also interact directly with the eukaryotic cells. The triptych of airway epithelial cells, bacterial symbionts and resident phages should be considered as a functional and interdependent unit with direct implications on the respiratory and overall homeostasis. While the role of epithelial cells in asthma pathophysiology is well-established, the tripartite interactions between epithelial cells, bacteria and phages should be scrutinized, both to better understand asthma as a system disorder and to explore potential interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panagiota Tzani-Tzanopoulou
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, 2nd Pediatric Clinic, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Skliros
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biotechnology, School of Food, Biotechnology and Development, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Spyridon Megremis
- Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Paraskevi Xepapadaki
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, 2nd Pediatric Clinic, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelos Andreakos
- Center for Clinical, Experimental Surgery and Translational Research of the Biomedical Research Foundation of the Academy of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Nina Chanishvili
- Laboratory for Genetics of Microorganisms and Bacteriophages, Eliava Institute of Bacteriophage, Microbiology & Virology, Tbilisi, GA, United States
| | - Emmanouil Flemetakis
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Department of Biotechnology, School of Food, Biotechnology and Development, Agricultural University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Grigoris Kaltsas
- Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, University of West Attica, Athens, Greece
| | - Styliani Taka
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, 2nd Pediatric Clinic, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece
| | - Evangelia Lebessi
- Department of Microbiology, P. & A. Kyriakou Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece
| | | | - Nikolaos G Papadopoulos
- Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit, 2nd Pediatric Clinic, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.,Division of Evolution and Genomic Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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De Palma FDE, Raia V, Kroemer G, Maiuri MC. The Multifaceted Roles of MicroRNAs in Cystic Fibrosis. Diagnostics (Basel) 2020; 10:E1102. [PMID: 33348555 PMCID: PMC7765910 DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics10121102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a lifelong disorder affecting 1 in 3500 live births worldwide. It is a monogenetic autosomal recessive disease caused by loss-of-function mutations in the gene encoding the chloride channel cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR), the impairment of which leads to ionic disequilibria in exocrine organs. This translates into a chronic multisystemic disease characterized by airway obstruction, respiratory infections, and pancreatic insufficiency as well as hepatobiliary and gastrointestinal dysfunction. Molecular characterization of the mutational heterogeneity of CFTR (affected by more than 2000 variants) improved the understanding and management of CF. However, these CFTR variants are linked to different clinical manifestations and phenotypes, and they affect response to treatments. Expanding evidence suggests that multisystemic disease affects CF pathology via impairing either CFTR or proteins regulated by CFTR. Thus, altering the expression of miRNAs in vivo could constitute an appealing strategy for developing new CF therapies. In this review, we will first describe the pathophysiology and clinical management of CF. Then, we will summarize the current knowledge on altered miRNAs in CF patients, with a focus on the miRNAs involved in the deregulation of CFTR and in the modulation of inflammation. We will highlight recent findings on the potential utility of measuring circulating miRNAs in CF as diagnostic, prognostic, and predictive biomarkers. Finally, we will provide an overview on potential miRNA-based therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Domenica Elisa De Palma
- Equipe 11 Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS 1138, Sorbonne Université, Université of Paris, 75006 Paris, France;
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, 94805 Villejuif, France
- CEINGE-Biotecnologie Avanzate, 80145 Naples, Italy
| | - Valeria Raia
- Pediatric Unit, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, Regional Cystic Fibrosis Center, Federico II University Naples, 80131 Naples, Italy;
| | - Guido Kroemer
- Equipe 11 Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS 1138, Sorbonne Université, Université of Paris, 75006 Paris, France;
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, 94805 Villejuif, France
- Suzhou Institute for Systems Medicine, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, China
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Women’s and Children’s Health, 17176 Stockholm, Sweden
- Pôle de Biologie, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, AP-HP, 75015 Paris, France
- Institut Universitaire de France, 75005 Paris, France
| | - Maria Chiara Maiuri
- Equipe 11 Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer, Centre de Recherche des Cordeliers, INSERM UMRS 1138, Sorbonne Université, Université of Paris, 75006 Paris, France;
- Metabolomics and Cell Biology Platforms, Gustave Roussy Comprehensive Cancer Institute, 94805 Villejuif, France
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McIlroy R, Millar BC, Nelson DW, Murphy A, Rao JR, Downey DG, Moore JE. Pseudomonas aeruginosa - Candida interplay: effect on in vitro antibiotic susceptibility of Pseudomonas aeruginosa when grown in the presence of Candida culture. Br J Biomed Sci 2020; 78:95-97. [PMID: 32887537 DOI: 10.1080/09674845.2020.1819003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R McIlroy
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute For Experimental Medicine, Queen's University , Belfast, UK.,Northern Ireland Public Health Laboratory , Department of Bacteriology, Belfast, UK.,Plant Pathology, AgriFood & Biosciences Institute , Belfast, UK
| | - B C Millar
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute For Experimental Medicine, Queen's University , Belfast, UK.,Northern Ireland Public Health Laboratory , Department of Bacteriology, Belfast, UK
| | - D W Nelson
- Plant Pathology, AgriFood & Biosciences Institute , Belfast, UK
| | - A Murphy
- Northern Ireland Public Health Laboratory , Department of Bacteriology, Belfast, UK
| | - J R Rao
- Plant Pathology, AgriFood & Biosciences Institute , Belfast, UK
| | - D G Downey
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute For Experimental Medicine, Queen's University , Belfast, UK.,Northern Ireland Adult Cystic Fibrosis Centre, Level 8, Belfast City Hospital , Belfast, UK
| | - J E Moore
- Wellcome-Wolfson Institute For Experimental Medicine, Queen's University , Belfast, UK.,Northern Ireland Public Health Laboratory , Department of Bacteriology, Belfast, UK
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Linnane B. From micro to macro; joining the dots of early CF lung disease. J Cyst Fibros 2020; 19:850-851. [PMID: 32917548 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcf.2020.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Barry Linnane
- Adjunct Associate Professor, University of Limerick School of Medicine, Paediatric Respiratory Consultant, University Hospital Limerick (UHL), Dooradoyle, Limerick.
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Bacci G, Taccetti G, Dolce D, Armanini F, Segata N, Di Cesare F, Lucidi V, Fiscarelli E, Morelli P, Casciaro R, Negroni A, Mengoni A, Bevivino A. Untargeted Metagenomic Investigation of the Airway Microbiome of Cystic Fibrosis Patients with Moderate-Severe Lung Disease. Microorganisms 2020; 8:E1003. [PMID: 32635564 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8071003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 06/23/2020] [Accepted: 07/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Although the cystic fibrosis (CF) lung microbiota has been characterized in several studies, little is still known about the temporal changes occurring at the whole microbiome level using untargeted metagenomic analysis. The aim of this study was to investigate the taxonomic and functional temporal dynamics of the lower airway microbiome in a cohort of CF patients. Multiple sputum samples were collected over 15 months from 22 patients with advanced lung disease regularly attending three Italian CF Centers, given a total of 79 samples. DNA extracted from samples was subjected to shotgun metagenomic sequencing allowing both strain-level taxonomic profiling and assessment of the functional metagenomic repertoire. High inter-patient taxonomic heterogeneity was found with short-term compositional changes across clinical status. Each patient exhibited distinct sputum microbial communities at the taxonomic level, and strain-specific colonization of both traditional and atypical CF pathogens. A large core set of genes, including antibiotic resistance genes, were shared across patients despite observed differences in clinical status, and consistently detected in the lung microbiome of all subjects independently from known antibiotic exposure. In conclusion, an overall stability in the microbiome-associated genes was found despite taxonomic fluctuations of the communities.
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Abstract
Human gastrointestinal and respiratory tracts are colonized by diverse polymicrobial communities shortly after birth, which are continuously molded by environmental exposure. The development of the resident microbiota in early life is a critical factor in the maturation of a healthy immune system. Disturbances to the intricate relationship between environmental exposure and maturation of the infant microbiome have been increasingly identified as a potential contributor to a range of childhood diseases. This review details recent evidence that implicates the contribution of gut and airway microbiome to pediatric respiratory health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliana Durack
- Symbiome Inc., San Francisco, CA, United States.,Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, United States
| | - Claus T Christophersen
- School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, WA, Australia.,WA Human Microbiome Collaboration Centre, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, Perth, WA, Australia
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