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Olaniyan LWB, Okoh OO, Mkwetshana NT, Okoh AI. Environmental Water Pollution, Endocrine Interference and Ecotoxicity of 4-tert-Octylphenol: A Review. Rev Environ Contam Toxicol 2020; 248:81-109. [PMID: 30460491 DOI: 10.1007/398_2018_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
4-tert-Octylphenol is a degradation product of non-ionic surfactants alkylphenol polyethoxylates as well as raw material for a number of industrial applications. It is a multimedia compound having been detected in all environmental compartments such as indoor air and surface waters. The pollutant is biodegradable, but certain degradation products are more toxic than the parent compound. Newer removal techniques from environmental waters have been presented, but they still require development for large-scale applications. Wastewater treatment by plant enzymes such as peroxidases offers promise in total removal of 4-tert-octylphenol leaving less toxic degradation products. The pollutant's endocrine interference has been well reported but more in oestrogens than in any other signalling pathways through which it is believed to exert toxicity on human and wildlife. In this paper we carried out a review of the activities of this pollutant in environmental waters, endocrine interference and relevance to its toxicities and concluded that inadequate knowledge of its endocrine activities impedes understanding of its toxicity which may frustrate current efforts at ridding the compound from the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lamidi W B Olaniyan
- South Africa Medical Research Council, Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa.
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa.
| | - Omobola O Okoh
- South Africa Medical Research Council, Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa
- Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa
| | - Noxolo T Mkwetshana
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa
| | - Anthony I Okoh
- South Africa Medical Research Council, Microbial Water Quality Monitoring Centre, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa
- Applied and Environmental Microbiology Research Group, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University of Fort Hare, Alice, South Africa
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Pinto PIS, Andrade AR, Moreira C, Zapater C, Thorne MAS, Santos S, Estêvão MD, Gomez A, Canario AVM, Power DM. Genistein and estradiol have common and specific impacts on the sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) skin-scale barrier. J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol 2019; 195:105448. [PMID: 31421232 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsbmb.2019.105448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Teleost fish scales play important roles in animal protection and homeostasis. They can be targeted by endogenous estrogens and by environmental estrogenic endocrine disruptors. The phytoestrogen genistein is ubiquitous in the environment and in aquaculture feeds and is a disruptor of estrogenic processes in vertebrates. To test genistein disrupting actions in teleost fish we used a minimally invasive approach by analysing scales plucked from the skin of sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax). Genistein transactivated all three fish nuclear estrogen receptors and was most potent with the Esr2, had the highest efficacy with Esr1, but reached, in all cases, transactivation levels lower than those of estradiol. RNA-seq revealed 254 responsive genes in the sea bass scales transcriptome with an FDR < 0.05 and more than 2-fold change in expression, 1 or 5 days after acute exposure to estradiol or to genistein. 65 genes were specifically responsive to estradiol and 106 by genistein while 83 genes were responsive to both compounds. Estradiol specifically regulated genes of protein/matrix turnover and genistein affected sterol biosynthesis and regeneration, while innate immune responses were affected by both compounds. This comprehensive study revealed the impact on the fish scale transcriptome of estradiol and genistein, providing a solid background to further develop fish scales as a practical screening tool for endocrine disrupting chemicals in teleosts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia I S Pinto
- CCMAR - Centro de Ciencias do Mar (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Edifício 7, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
| | - André R Andrade
- CCMAR - Centro de Ciencias do Mar (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Edifício 7, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
| | - Catarina Moreira
- Normandy University, FR CNRS 3730 SCALE, UMR-I 02 INERIS-URCA-ULH Environmental Stress and Aquatic Biomonitoring (SEBIO), Université Le Havre Normandie, F-76600 Le Havre, France.
| | - Cinta Zapater
- IATS - Instituto de Acuicultura Torre la Sal, Ribera de Cabanes, 12595 Castellón, Spain.
| | - Michael A S Thorne
- British Antarctic Survey (BAS), High Cross, Madingley Road, Cambridge, CB3 0ET, UK.
| | - Soraia Santos
- CCMAR - Centro de Ciencias do Mar (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Edifício 7, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
| | - M Dulce Estêvão
- CCMAR - Centro de Ciencias do Mar (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Edifício 7, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal; Escola Superior de Saúde, Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Edifício 1, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
| | - Ana Gomez
- IATS - Instituto de Acuicultura Torre la Sal, Ribera de Cabanes, 12595 Castellón, Spain.
| | - Adelino V M Canario
- CCMAR - Centro de Ciencias do Mar (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Edifício 7, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
| | - Deborah M Power
- CCMAR - Centro de Ciencias do Mar (CCMAR), Universidade do Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, Edifício 7, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal.
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Pino MTL, Ronchetti SA, Cordeiro G, Bollani S, Duvilanski BH, Cabilla JP. Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase Alpha1 Subunit: A New Marker for Estrogenicity of Endocrine Disruptor Compounds. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019; 38:2719-2728. [PMID: 31499574 DOI: 10.1002/etc.4591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2019] [Revised: 07/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) include widespread naturally occurring and synthetic substances in the environment that adversely affect humans and wildlife. Because of the increasing numbers of EDCs, screening methods and ideal biomarkers to determine EDC potencies at relevant environmental concentrations need to be drastically improved. Soluble guanylyl cyclase α1 subunit (sGCα1) is an abundant cytosolic protein ubiquitously expressed in most tissues. We previously showed that sGCα1 is specifically and highly up-regulated by estrogen (E2) in vivo and in vitro, even though it lacks estrogen-responsive elements. The aim of the present study was to evaluate sGCα1 protein expression as a potential marker for xenoestrogenic EDC exposure in the E2-responsive lactosomatotroph-derived pituitary cell line GH3. Cells were incubated with a wide variety of EDCs such as heavy metals and a metalloid, synthetic E2 derivatives, plastic byproducts, and pesticides at a range of doses including those with proven xenoestrogenic activity. We demonstrated that E2 increased sGCα1 expression in GH3 cells as well as in other E2-responsive tumor cell lines. Moreover, this effect was fully dependent on estrogen receptor (ER) activation. Importantly, sGCα1 protein levels were strongly up-regulated by all the EDCs tested, even by those exhibiting low or null ER binding capacity. We provide evidence that the in vitro sGCα1 protein assay may be a very sensitive and powerful tool to identify compounds with estrogenic activity, which could improve current mammalian-based screening methods. Environ Toxicol Chem 2019;38:2719-2728. © 2019 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Teresa L Pino
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud, Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sonia A Ronchetti
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud, Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Georgina Cordeiro
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud, Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Sabrina Bollani
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud, Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Beatriz H Duvilanski
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud, Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Jimena P Cabilla
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad de Buenos Aires-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Centro de Altos Estudios en Ciencias Humanas y de la Salud, Universidad Abierta Interamericana, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Fruhauf S, Novak B, Nagl V, Hackl M, Hartinger D, Rainer V, Labudová S, Adam G, Aleschko M, Moll WD, Thamhesl M, Grenier B. Biotransformation of the Mycotoxin Zearalenone to its Metabolites Hydrolyzed Zearalenone (HZEN) and Decarboxylated Hydrolyzed Zearalenone (DHZEN) Diminishes its Estrogenicity In Vitro and In Vivo. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:toxins11080481. [PMID: 31434326 PMCID: PMC6722729 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11080481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2019] [Revised: 08/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Zearalenone (ZEN)-degrading enzymes are a promising strategy to counteract the negative effects of this mycotoxin in livestock. The reaction products of such enzymes need to be thoroughly characterized before technological application as a feed additive can be envisaged. Here, we evaluated the estrogenic activity of the metabolites hydrolyzed zearalenone (HZEN) and decarboxylated hydrolyzed zearalenone (DHZEN) formed by hydrolysis of ZEN by the zearalenone-lactonase Zhd101p. ZEN, HZEN, and DHZEN were tested in two in vitro models, the MCF-7 cell proliferation assay (0.01–500 nM) and an estrogen-sensitive yeast bioassay (1–10,000 nM). In addition, we compared the impact of dietary ZEN (4.58 mg/kg) and equimolar dietary concentrations of HZEN and DHZEN on reproductive tract morphology as well as uterine mRNA and microRNA expression in female piglets (n = 6, four weeks exposure). While ZEN increased cell proliferation and reporter gene transcription, neither HZEN nor DHZEN elicited an estrogenic response, suggesting that these metabolites are at least 50–10,000 times less estrogenic than ZEN in vitro. In piglets, HZEN and DHZEN did not increase vulva size or uterus weight. Moreover, RNA transcripts altered upon ZEN treatment (EBAG9, miR-135a-5p, miR-187-3p and miR-204-5p) were unaffected by HZEN and DHZEN. Our study shows that both metabolites exhibit markedly reduced estrogenicity in vitro and in vivo, and thus provides an important basis for further evaluation of ZEN-degrading enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Barbara Novak
- BIOMIN Research Center, Technopark 1, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Veronika Nagl
- BIOMIN Research Center, Technopark 1, 3430 Tulln, Austria.
| | | | | | | | | | - Gerhard Adam
- Institute of Applied Genetics and Cell Biology (IAGZ), University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna (BOKU), Konrad Lorenz-Straße 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
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Moon B, Kim W, Park CH, Oh SM. Ginkgo biloba extract (EGb761) did not express estrogenic activity in an immature rat uterotrophic assay. Environ Health Toxicol 2018; 33:e2018016-0. [PMID: 30286592 PMCID: PMC6182247 DOI: 10.5620/eht.e2018016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 09/21/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Ginkgo biloba is a dioecious tree that has been used in traditional Chinese medicine for about 5,000 years. In previous studies on ginkgo biloba extract (EGb761) using in vitro systems, we confirmed that EGb761 has biphasic effects on estrogenicity. In this study, we evaluated the agonistic and antagonistic activities of EGb761 using a uterotrophic assay in immature female rats. To evaluate agonistic and antagonistic effects of EGb761 on uterus, 21-day-old immature Sprague-Dawley (SD) female rats were treated with EGb761 (100, 200, or 400 mg/kg) by oral gavage, 10 μg/kg of estradiol (E2) or 1 mg/kg tamoxifen (TM) by subcutaneous injection, or with EGb761 plus E2 or TM for 3 consecutive days. At the end of the treatment period, animals were sacrificed and their body weights and organ weights (liver, lung, spleen and kidney) were measured. In addition, estrogen-related gene expressions (IGFBP-1 in liver and CaBP-9 in uterus) were determined. During the experiment, no animal showed clinical signs, a change in body weight or died. EGb761 treatment alone had no effect on absolute/relative uterine weight, luminal epithelial cell height (LECH, μm), or luminal circumference (LC, μm). In addition, uterine weights, LECHs, and LC induced by E2 or TM were not significantly changed by EGb761 at any dose. These results collectively suggested EGb761 has no agonistic/antagonistic effects in utero.
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Affiliation(s)
- Byeonghak Moon
- Department of Nanofusion Technology, Hoseo University, Asan, Republic of Korea
| | - Wonchan Kim
- Department of Nanofusion Technology, Hoseo University, Asan, Republic of Korea
- AB solution, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Cho Hee Park
- Department of Nanofusion Technology, Hoseo University, Asan, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Min Oh
- Department of Nanofusion Technology, Hoseo University, Asan, Republic of Korea
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Wahid B, Bashir H, Bilal M, Wahid K, Sumrin A. Developing a deeper insight into reproductive biomarkers. Clin Exp Reprod Med 2017; 44:159-170. [PMID: 29376011 PMCID: PMC5783911 DOI: 10.5653/cerm.2017.44.4.159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2017] [Revised: 10/26/2017] [Accepted: 11/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The development of biomarkers of reproductive medicine is still in its infancy because many black boxes are still present in reproductive medicine. Novel approaches to human infertility diagnostics and treatment must be developed because reproductive medicine has lagged behind in the implementation of biomarkers in clinical medicine. Despite the dearth of the available literature, the current rapid pace of publications suggests that this gap will soon be filled therefore; this review is a précis of the research that has been done so far and will provide a basis for the development of biomarkers in reproductive medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Braira Wahid
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan.,Genome Centre for Molecular Based Diagnosis and Research, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hamid Bashir
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Bilal
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Khansa Wahid
- Lahore College for Women University, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Aleena Sumrin
- Centre for Applied Molecular Biology, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
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Falfushynska HI, Gnatyshyna LL, Horyn O, Stoliar OB. Vulnerability of marsh frog Pelophylax ridibundus to the typical wastewater effluents ibuprofen, triclosan and estrone, detected by multi-biomarker approach. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 2017; 202:26-38. [PMID: 28757214 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2017.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2017] [Revised: 07/23/2017] [Accepted: 07/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs) are the environmental pollutants of growing concern. The aim of this study was to indicate the effects of typical PPCPs on the marsh frog Pelophylax ridibundus. We treated male frogs with waterborne ibuprofen (IBU, 250ng·L-1), triclosan (TCS, 500ng·L-1), or estrone (E1, 100ng·L-1) for 14days. Common vulnerability of the frogs was detected from dramatic decrease of Zn, total and metalated metallothionein (MT) concentrations, Zn/Cu ratio, the elevation of activity of glutathione-S-transferase, cathepsin D and DNA instability in the liver, the depletion of cholinesterase in the brain and cortisol in the blood plasma in all exposures. Nevertheless, lipofuscin concentration in the liver was always decreased. The groups were best distinguished by cytochrome P450 (CYP450) activity determined by ELISA. The exposure to IBU caused lesser damage, but elevated the levels of oxyradicals and glutathione (GSH and GSSG) and lysosomal membrane instability. Exposures to TCS and E1 provoked the endocrine disturbance (increased levels of vitellogenin and thyrotropin in blood plasma), decreased lactate dehydrogenase activity and increased level of pyruvate in the liver. TCS caused the increase of GSSG by 7.3 times and lactate levels. Only E1 lead to decrease of deiodinase activity in the liver, activation of CYP450 and caspase-3 and efflux of cathepsin D from lysosomes. Spectrophotometric and ELISA assays of MTs and CYP450 gave distinct results in E1-group. Broad disruption of the hormonal pathways caused by E1 could be of concern for the health status of frogs in their habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Halina I Falfushynska
- Research Laboratory of Comparative Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ternopil National Pedagogical University, 2, M. Kryvonosa Str., Ternopil 46027, Ukraine
| | - Lesya L Gnatyshyna
- Research Laboratory of Comparative Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ternopil National Pedagogical University, 2, M. Kryvonosa Str., Ternopil 46027, Ukraine; I.Ya. Horbachevsky Ternopil State Medical University, 1, Maidan Voli, Ternopil 46001, Ukraine
| | - Oksana Horyn
- I.Ya. Horbachevsky Ternopil State Medical University, 1, Maidan Voli, Ternopil 46001, Ukraine
| | - Oksana B Stoliar
- Research Laboratory of Comparative Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Ternopil National Pedagogical University, 2, M. Kryvonosa Str., Ternopil 46027, Ukraine.
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Lee D, Ahn C, Hong EJ, An BS, Hyun SH, Choi KC, Jeung EB. 2,4,6-Tribromophenol Interferes with the Thyroid Hormone System by Regulating Thyroid Hormones and the Responsible Genes in Mice. Int J Environ Res Public Health 2016; 13:E697. [PMID: 27420076 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph13070697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2016] [Revised: 06/17/2016] [Accepted: 07/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
2,4,6-Tribromophenol (TBP) is a brominated flame retardant (BFR). Based on its affinity for transthyretin, TBP could compete with endogenous thyroid hormone. In this study, the effects of TBP on the thyroid hormone system were assessed in mice. Briefly, animals were exposed to 40 and 250 mg/kg TBP. Thyroid hormones were also administered with or without TBP. When mice were treated with TBP, deiodinase 1 (Dio1) and thyroid hormone receptor β isoform 2 (Thrβ2) decreased in the pituitary gland. The levels of deiodinase 2 (Dio2) and growth hormone (Gh) mRNA increased in response to 250 mg/kg of TBP, and the relative mRNA level of thyroid stimulating hormone β (Tshβ) increased in the pituitary gland. Dio1 and Thrβ1 expression in the liver were not altered, while Dio1 decreased in response to co-treatment with thyroid hormones. The thyroid gland activity decreased in response to TBP, as did the levels of free triiodothyronine and free thyroxine in serum. Taken together, these findings indicate that TBP can disrupt thyroid hormone homeostasis and the presence of TBP influenced thyroid actions as regulators of gene expression. These data suggest that TBP interferes with thyroid hormone systems
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Shin S, Go R, Kim C, Hwang K, Nam K, Choi K. Effect of benzophenone-1 and octylphenol on the regulation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition via an estrogen receptor-dependent pathway in estrogen receptor expressing ovarian cancer cells. Food Chem Toxicol 2016; 93:58-65. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2016.04.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 04/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/29/2016] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Xu W, Li YY, Lou QQ, Chen XR, Qin ZF, Wie WJ. Low concentrations of dihydrotestosterone induce female-to-male sex reversal in the frog Pelophylax nigromaculatus. Environ Toxicol Chem 2015; 34:2370-2377. [PMID: 26226837 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Revised: 04/10/2015] [Accepted: 05/19/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Previous studies have demonstrated that some amphibian species can be sex-reversed by high concentrations of androgens. Little attention has focused on the effects of androgenic endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) on amphibians. The present study aimed to investigate the effects of lower concentrations of the androgenic EDC 5α-dihydrotestosterone (DHT) on gonadal differentiation and development in Pelophylax nigromaculatus, a true frog distributed widely in East Asia. Tadpoles at Gosner stage 24/25 were exposed to nominal concentrations of 40 ng/L, 400 ng/L, and 4000 ng/L DHT to complete metamorphosis. In all DHT treatment groups, males and ambiguous sexes were identified based on gonadal morphology, whereas no females were found; thus, all treatment groups exhibited male-skewed ratios compared with the control group. Gonadal histological examination revealed that ambiguous sexes displayed overall testicular structure with certain ovarian characteristics, demonstrating that DHT-induced sex-ambiguous gonads were incomplete ovary-to-testis reversals (IOTTRs). The expression levels of some ovary-biased genes in the IOTTRs were significantly higher than in the control testes but lower than in the control ovaries. These results show that low concentrations of DHT induced complete or incomplete female-to-male sex reversal in P. nigromaculatus, and incomplete sex reversal retained certain ovarian characteristics not only at gonadal morphological and histological levels but also at the molecular level. They present study highlights potential risks of DHT and other androgenic EDCs for P. nigromaculatus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- College of Environment, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing, China
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Qin-Qin Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Ran Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Zhan-Fen Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Wu-Ji Wie
- College of Environment, Nanjing University of Technology, Nanjing, China
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11
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Camacho L, Basavarajappa MS, Chang CW, Han T, Kobets T, Koturbash I, Surratt G, Lewis SM, Vanlandingham MM, Fuscoe JC, Gamboa da Costa G, Pogribny IP, Delclos KB. Effects of oral exposure to bisphenol A on gene expression and global genomic DNA methylation in the prostate, female mammary gland, and uterus of NCTR Sprague-Dawley rats. Food Chem Toxicol 2015; 81:92-103. [PMID: 25862956 PMCID: PMC4487663 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2015.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2014] [Revised: 04/02/2015] [Accepted: 04/04/2015] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Bisphenol A (BPA), an industrial chemical used in the manufacture of polycarbonate and epoxy resins, binds to the nuclear estrogen receptor with an affinity 4-5 orders of magnitude lower than that of estradiol. We reported previously that "high BPA" [100,000 and 300,000 µg/kg body weight (bw)/day], but not "low BPA" (2.5-2700 µg/kg bw/day), induced clear adverse effects in NCTR Sprague-Dawley rats gavaged daily from gestation day 6 through postnatal day (PND) 90. The "high BPA" effects partially overlapped those of ethinyl estradiol (EE2, 0.5 and 5.0 µg/kg bw/day). To evaluate further the potential of "low BPA" to induce biological effects, here we assessed the global genomic DNA methylation and gene expression in the prostate and female mammary glands, tissues identified previously as potential targets of BPA, and uterus, a sensitive estrogen-responsive tissue. Both doses of EE2 modulated gene expression, including of known estrogen-responsive genes, and PND 4 global gene expression data showed a partial overlap of the "high BPA" effects with those of EE2. The "low BPA" doses modulated the expression of several genes; however, the absence of a dose response reduces the likelihood that these changes were causally linked to the treatment. These results are consistent with the toxicity outcomes.
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MESH Headings
- Administration, Oral
- Animals
- Benzhydryl Compounds/administration & dosage
- Benzhydryl Compounds/toxicity
- Chromatography, Liquid
- Complement C3/genetics
- Complement C3/metabolism
- DNA Methylation/drug effects
- Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
- Ethinyl Estradiol/administration & dosage
- Ethinyl Estradiol/toxicity
- Female
- Gene Expression
- Genomics/methods
- Male
- Mammary Glands, Animal/drug effects
- Mammary Glands, Animal/metabolism
- Methyltransferases/metabolism
- Phenols/administration & dosage
- Phenols/toxicity
- Pregnancy
- Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects/pathology
- Prostate/drug effects
- Prostate/metabolism
- Protein Binding
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptors, Estrogen/genetics
- Receptors, Estrogen/metabolism
- Receptors, Progesterone/genetics
- Receptors, Progesterone/metabolism
- S100 Calcium Binding Protein G/genetics
- S100 Calcium Binding Protein G/metabolism
- Tandem Mass Spectrometry
- Uterus/drug effects
- Uterus/metabolism
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/genetics
- Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Luísa Camacho
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA.
| | - Mallikarjuna S Basavarajappa
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Ching-Wei Chang
- Division of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Tao Han
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Tetyana Kobets
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Igor Koturbash
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Gordon Surratt
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Sherry M Lewis
- Office of Scientific Coordination, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Michelle M Vanlandingham
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - James C Fuscoe
- Division of Systems Biology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Gonçalo Gamboa da Costa
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - Igor P Pogribny
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
| | - K Barry Delclos
- Division of Biochemical Toxicology, National Center for Toxicological Research, Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR 72079, USA
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12
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Martinez-Arguelles DB, Papadopoulos V. Mechanisms mediating environmental chemical-induced endocrine disruption in the adrenal gland. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2015; 6:29. [PMID: 25788893 PMCID: PMC4349159 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2015.00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Humans are continuously exposed to hundreds of man-made chemicals that pollute the environment in addition to multiple therapeutic drug treatments administered throughout life. Some of these chemicals, known as endocrine disruptors (EDs), mimic endogenous signals, thereby altering gene expression, influencing development, and promoting disease. Although EDs are eventually removed from the market or replaced with safer alternatives, new evidence suggests that early-life exposure leaves a fingerprint on the epigenome, which may increase the risk of disease later in life. Epigenetic changes occurring in early life in response to environmental toxicants have been shown to affect behavior, increase cancer risk, and modify the physiology of the cardiovascular system. Thus, exposure to an ED or combination of EDs may represent a first hit to the epigenome. Only limited information is available regarding the effect of ED exposure on adrenal function. The adrenal gland controls the stress response, blood pressure, and electrolyte homeostasis. This endocrine organ therefore has an important role in physiology and is a sensitive target of EDs. We review herein the effect of ED exposure on the adrenal gland with particular focus on in utero exposure to the plasticizer di(2-ethylehyl) phthalate. We discuss the challenges associated with identifying the mechanism mediating the epigenetic origins of disease and availability of biomarkers that may identify individual or population risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel B. Martinez-Arguelles
- Department of Medicine, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Daniel B. Martinez-Arguelles and Vassilios Papadopoulos, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal General Hospital, 1650 Cedar Avenue, Room C10-148, Montréal, QC H3G 1A4, Canada e-mail: ;
| | - Vassilios Papadopoulos
- Department of Medicine, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Biochemistry, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
- *Correspondence: Daniel B. Martinez-Arguelles and Vassilios Papadopoulos, Research Institute of the McGill University Health Centre, Montreal General Hospital, 1650 Cedar Avenue, Room C10-148, Montréal, QC H3G 1A4, Canada e-mail: ;
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13
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Wang W, Knosp E, Tai G, Zhao Y, Liang Q, Guo Y. Differential effects of estrogen and estrogen receptor antagonist, ICI 182 780, on the expression of calbindin-D9k in rat pituitary prolactinoma GH₃ cells. Int J Clin Exp Pathol 2014; 7:8498-8505. [PMID: 25674214 PMCID: PMC4313981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/26/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To detect the effects of 17β-estradiol (E2) on the expression of calbindin-D9k (CaBP-9k) in pituitary GH3 cells, and to determine the antagonistic effect of a selective estrogen receptor (ER) antagonist (ICI 182 780) on CaBP-9k expression. METHODS A rat pituitary prolactinoma cell line (GH3 cells) was used in an in vitro model. The localization of CaBP-9k in GH3 cells was observed by immunofluorescence. GH3 cells were cultured with the addition of E2 medium for 24 hours. The levels of CaBP-9k mRNA and protein expression in different groups were analyzed by RT-PCR and Western blot analysis. The ER antagonist, ICI 182 780, was added to GH3 cells before E2 (10(-8) M) at a concentration of 10(-6) M to investigate the regulation of an ER-mediated pathway on CaBP-9k expression. RESULTS E2 had a stimulatory effect on CaBP-9k expression of GH3 cells in a dose-dependent manner; the level of CaBP-9k expression was higher when treated with a higher concentration of E2. ICI 182 780 suppressed the stimulatory effect of E2 on CaBP-9k expression in GH3 cells. The level of CaBP-9k expression was significantly reduced by co-administration of E2 with ICI 182 780 in GH3 cells. The immunoprecipitation results confirmed that CaBP-9k interacts directly with ERα, and E2 increases the interaction between CaBP-9k and ERα. CONCLUSION Estrogen induces CaBP-9k expression via an ERα-mediated pathway and CaBP-9k directly combines with ERα, suggesting that CaBP-9k is involved in the biological effects mediated by an ER pathway in GH3 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University126 Xiantai Blvd, Changchun 130033, P.R. China
| | - Engelbert Knosp
- Department of Neurosurgery, Medical University of ViennaWaehringer Guertel 18-20, Vienna 1090, Austria
| | - Guixiang Tai
- Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science, Jilin University126 Xinmin Street, Changchun 130021, P.R. China
| | - Yuanzheng Zhao
- Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University126 Xiantai Blvd, Changchun 130033, P.R. China
| | - Qianlei Liang
- Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University126 Xiantai Blvd, Changchun 130033, P.R. China
| | - Yongchuan Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, China-Japan Union Hospital, Jilin University126 Xiantai Blvd, Changchun 130033, P.R. China
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14
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Fetter E, Krauss M, Brion F, Kah O, Scholz S, Brack W. Effect-directed analysis for estrogenic compounds in a fluvial sediment sample using transgenic cyp19a1b-GFP zebrafish embryos. Aquat Toxicol 2014; 154:221-229. [PMID: 24927039 DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2014.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2014] [Revised: 05/01/2014] [Accepted: 05/08/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Xenoestrogens may persist in the environment by binding to sediments or suspended particulate matter serving as long-term reservoir and source of exposure, particularly for organisms living in or in contact with sediments. In this study, we present for the first time an effect-directed analysis (EDA) for identifying estrogenic compounds in a sediment sample using embryos of a transgenic reporter fish strain. In the tg(cyp19a1b-GFP) transgenic zebrafish strain, the expression of GFP (green fluorescent protein) in the brain is driven by an oestrogen responsive element in the promoter of the cyp19a1b (aromatase) gene. The selected sediment sample of the Czech river Bilina had already been analysed in a previous EDA using the yeast oestrogen screening assay and had revealed fractions containing estrogenic compounds. When normal phase HPLC (high performance liquid chromatography) fractionation was used for the separation of the sediment sample, the biotest with transgenic fish embryos revealed two estrogenic fractions. Chemical analysis of candidate compounds in these sediment fractions suggested alkylphenols and estrone as candidate compounds responsible for the observed estrogenic effect. Alkylphenol concentrations could partially explain the estrogenicity of the fractions. However, xenoestrogens below the analytical detection limit or non-targeted estrogenic compounds have probably also contributed to the sample's estrogenic potency. The results indicated the suitability of the tg(cyp19a1b-GFP) fish embryo for an integrated chemical-biological analysis of estrogenic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Fetter
- Department of Bioanalytical Ecotoxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany.
| | - Martin Krauss
- Department of Effect-Directed Analysis, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - François Brion
- Unité d'écotoxicologie in vitro et in vivo, Direction des Risques Chroniques, Institut National de l'Environnement Industriel et des Risques (INERIS), BP 2, F-60550 Verneuil-en-Halatte, France
| | - Olivier Kah
- Research Institute for Environment, Health and Occupation, INSERM U1085, Biosit, Université de Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes cedex, France
| | - Stefan Scholz
- Department of Bioanalytical Ecotoxicology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
| | - Werner Brack
- Department of Effect-Directed Analysis, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research - UFZ, Permoserstraße 15, 04318 Leipzig, Germany
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15
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LEE HYERIM, KIM TAEHEE, CHOI KELVINJ, CHOI KYUNGCHUL. Effects of octylphenol on the expression of cell cycle-related genes and the growth of mesenchymal stem cells derived from human umbilical cord blood. Int J Mol Med 2013; 33:221-6. [DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2013.1556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Accepted: 11/08/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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16
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Suba Z. Circulatory estrogen level protects against breast cancer in obese women. Recent Pat Anticancer Drug Discov 2013; 8:154-67. [PMID: 23061769 PMCID: PMC3636519 DOI: 10.2174/1574892811308020004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2012] [Revised: 10/08/2012] [Accepted: 10/09/2012] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Literary data suggest apparently ambiguous interaction between menopausal status and obesity-associated breast cancer risk based on the principle of the carcinogenic capacity of estrogen. Before menopause, breast cancer incidence is relatively low and adiposity is erroneously regarded as a protective factor against this tumor conferred by the obesity associated defective estrogen-synthesis. By contrast, in postmenopausal cases, obesity presents a strong risk factor for breast cancer being mistakenly attributed to the presumed excessive estrogen-production of their adipose-tissue mass. Obesity is associated with dysmetabolism and endangers the healthy equilibrium of sexual hormone-production and regular menstrual cycles in women, which are the prerequisites not only for reproductive capacity but also for somatic health. At the same time, literary data support that anovulatory infertility is a very strong risk for breast cancer in young women either with or without obesity. In the majority of premenopausal women, obesity associated insulin resistance is moderate and may be counteracted by their preserved circulatory estrogen level. Consequently, it is not obesity but rather the still sufficient estrogen-level, which may be protective against breast cancer in young adult females. In obese older women, never using hormone replacement therapy (HRT) the breast cancer risk is high, which is associated with their continuous estrogen loss and increasing insulin-resistance. By contrast, obese postmenopausal women using HRT, have a decreased risk for breast cancer as the protective effect of estrogen-substitution may counteract to their obesity associated systemic alterations. The revealed inverse correlation between circulatory estrogen-level and breast cancer risk in obese women should advance our understanding of breast cancer etiology and promotes primary prevention measures. New patents recommend various methods for the prevention and treatment of obesity-related systemic disorders and the associated breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zsuzsanna Suba
- National Institute of Oncology, Surgical and Molecular Tumor Pathology Centre, Address: H-1122 Rath Gyorgy str. 7-9, Budapest, Hungary.
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17
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Lee H, Choi K. 4-tert-Octylphenol stimulates the expression of cathepsins in human breast cancer cells and xenografted breast tumors of a mouse model via an estrogen receptor-mediated signaling pathway. Toxicology 2013; 304:13-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2012.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2012] [Revised: 10/06/2012] [Accepted: 10/09/2012] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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