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Liu J, Mallick S, Xie Y, Grassin C, Lucas B, Schölermann B, Pahl A, Scheel R, Strohmann C, Protzel C, Berg T, Merten C, Ziegler S, Waldmann H. Morphological Profiling Identifies the Motor Protein Eg5 as Cellular Target of Spirooxindoles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202301955. [PMID: 36929571 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202301955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2023] [Revised: 03/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023]
Abstract
Oxindoles and iso-oxindoles are natural product-derived scaffolds that provide inspiration for the design and synthesis of novel biologically relevant compound classes. Notably, the spirocyclic connection of oxindoles with iso-oxindoles has not been explored by nature but promises to provide structurally related compounds endowed with novel bioactivity. Therefore, methods for their efficient synthesis and the conclusive discovery of their cellular targets are highly desirable. We describe a selective RhIII -catalyzed scaffold-divergent synthesis of spirooxindole-isooxindoles and spirooxindole-oxindoles from differently protected diazooxindoles and N-pivaloyloxy aryl amides which includes a functional group-controlled Lossen rearrangement as key step. Unbiased morphological profiling of a corresponding compound collection in the Cell Painting assay efficiently identified the mitotic kinesin Eg5 as the cellular target of the spirooxindoles, defining a unique Eg5 inhibitor chemotype.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Department of Chemical Biology, Otto-Hahn-Street 11, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Shubhadip Mallick
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Department of Chemical Biology, Otto-Hahn-Street 11, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Yusheng Xie
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Department of Chemical Biology, Otto-Hahn-Street 11, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Corentin Grassin
- Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Organic Chemistry II, University-Street 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Belén Lucas
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Department of Chemical Biology, Otto-Hahn-Street 11, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Beate Schölermann
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Department of Chemical Biology, Otto-Hahn-Street 11, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Axel Pahl
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Department of Chemical Biology, Otto-Hahn-Street 11, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
- Compound Management and Screening Center, Otto-Hahn-Street 11, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Rebecca Scheel
- Technical University Dortmund, Faculty of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Otto-Hahn-Street 6, 44221, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Carsten Strohmann
- Technical University Dortmund, Faculty of Chemistry, Inorganic Chemistry, Otto-Hahn-Street 6, 44221, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Christoph Protzel
- Leipzig University, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Thorsten Berg
- Leipzig University, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannisallee 29, 04103, Leipzig, Germany
| | - Christian Merten
- Ruhr University Bochum, Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Organic Chemistry II, University-Street 150, 44801, Bochum, Germany
| | - Slava Ziegler
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Department of Chemical Biology, Otto-Hahn-Street 11, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
| | - Herbert Waldmann
- Max Planck Institute of Molecular Physiology, Department of Chemical Biology, Otto-Hahn-Street 11, 44227, Dortmund, Germany
- Technical University Dortmund, Faculty of Chemistry, Chemical Biology, Otto-Hahn-Street 6, 44221, Dortmund, Germany
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Fernández-Sainz J, Pacheco-Liñán PJ, Ripoll C, González-Fuentes J, Albaladejo J, Bravo I, Garzón-Ruiz A. Unusually High Affinity of the PLK Inhibitors RO3280 and GSK461364 to HSA and Its Possible Pharmacokinetic Implications. Mol Pharm 2023; 20:1631-1642. [PMID: 36812406 PMCID: PMC9997069 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
The binding processes of two Polo-like kinase inhibitors, RO3280 and GSK461364, to the human serum albumin (HSA) protein as well as the protonation equilibria of both compounds have been studied combining absorbance and fluorescence spectroscopy experiments together with density functional theory calculations. We found that the charge states of RO3280 and GSK461364 are +2 and +1, respectively, at the physiological pH. Nevertheless, RO3280 binds to HSA in the charge state +1 prior to a deprotonation pre-equilibrium. Binding constants to site I of HSA of 2.23 × 106 and 8.80 × 104 M-1 were determined for RO3280 and GSK461364, respectively, at 310 K. The binding processes of RO3280 and GSK461364 to HSA are entropy- and enthalpy-driven, respectively. The positive enthalpy found for the RO3280-HSA complex formation could be related to a proton pre-equilibrium of RO3280.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Fernández-Sainz
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Av. Dr. José María Sánchez Ibáñez, s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain
| | - Pedro J Pacheco-Liñán
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Av. Dr. José María Sánchez Ibáñez, s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain
| | - Consuelo Ripoll
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Av. Dr. José María Sánchez Ibáñez, s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain
| | - Joaquín González-Fuentes
- Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CRIB), Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina (UCLM-CSIC), C/ Almansa, 14, 02008 Albacete, Spain
| | - José Albaladejo
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias y Tecnologías Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avenida Camilo José Cela, 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Iván Bravo
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Av. Dr. José María Sánchez Ibáñez, s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain.,Centro Regional de Investigaciones Biomédicas (CRIB), Unidad Asociada de Biomedicina (UCLM-CSIC), C/ Almansa, 14, 02008 Albacete, Spain
| | - Andrés Garzón-Ruiz
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Av. Dr. José María Sánchez Ibáñez, s/n, 02071 Albacete, Spain
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3
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Abstract
Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) plays an important role in a variety of cellular functions, including the regulation of mitosis, DNA replication, autophagy, and the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). PLK1 overexpression is often associated with cell proliferation and poor prognosis in cancer patients, making it a promising antitumor target. To date, at least 10 PLK1 inhibitors (PLK1i) have been entered into clinical trials, among which the typical kinase domain (KD) inhibitor BI 6727 (volasertib) was granted "breakthrough therapy designation" by the FDA in 2013. Unfortunately, many other KD inhibitors showed poor specificity, resulting in dose-limiting toxicity, which has greatly impeded their development. Researchers recently discovered many PLK1i with higher selectivity, stronger potency, and better absorption, distribution, metabolism, and elimination (ADME) characteristics. In this review, we emphasize the structure-activity relationships (SARs) of PLK1i, providing insights into new drugs targeting PLK1 for antitumor clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jifa Zhang
- Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.,State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Lele Zhang
- Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.,State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Jiaxing Wang
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis 38163, Tennessee, United States
| | - Liang Ouyang
- Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.,State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
| | - Yuxi Wang
- Targeted Tracer Research and Development Laboratory, Institute of Respiratory Health, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, Joint Research Institution of Altitude Health, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China.,State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, Sichuan, China
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4
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Fernández-Sainz J, Pacheco-Liñán PJ, Granadino-Roldán JM, Bravo I, Rubio-Martínez J, Albaladejo J, Garzón-Ruiz A. Shedding light on the binding mechanism of kinase inhibitors BI-2536, Volasetib and Ro-3280 with their pharmacological target PLK1. J Photochem Photobiol B 2022; 232:112477. [PMID: 35644070 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2022.112477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, the interactions of the novel kinase inhibitors BI-2536, Volasetib (BI-6727) and Ro-3280 with the pharmacological target PLK1 have been studied by fluorescence spectroscopy and molecular dynamics calculations. High Stern-Volmer constants were found in fluorescence experiments suggesting the formation of stable protein-ligand complexes. In addition, it was observed that the binding constant between BI-2536 and PLK1 increases about 100-fold in presence of the phosphopeptide Cdc25C-p that docks to the polo box domain of the protein and releases the kinase domain. All the determined binding constants are higher for the kinase inhibitors than for their competitor for the active center (ATP) being BI-2536 and Volasertib the inhibitors that showed more affinity for PLK1. Calculated binding free energies confirmed the higher affinity of PLK1 for BI-2536 and Volasertib than for ATP. The higher affinity of the inhibitors to PLK1 compared to ATP was mainly attributed to stronger van der Waals interactions. Results may help with the challenge of designing and developing new kinase inhibitors more effective in clinical cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesús Fernández-Sainz
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cronista Ballesteros Gómez, 1, 02071 Albacete, Spain
| | - Pedro J Pacheco-Liñán
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cronista Ballesteros Gómez, 1, 02071 Albacete, Spain
| | - José M Granadino-Roldán
- Departamento de Química Física y Analítica, Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales, Universidad de Jaén, Campus "Las Lagunillas" s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain
| | - Iván Bravo
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cronista Ballesteros Gómez, 1, 02071 Albacete, Spain
| | - Jaime Rubio-Martínez
- Departament de Ciència dels Materials i Química Física, Universitat de Barcelona (UB), Institut de Recerca en Quimica Teorica i Computacional (IQTCUB), Martí i Franqués 1, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - José Albaladejo
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Avenida Camilo José Cela, 10, 13071 Ciudad Real, Spain
| | - Andrés Garzón-Ruiz
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cronista Ballesteros Gómez, 1, 02071 Albacete, Spain.
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5
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Kolosenko I, Goroshchuk O, Vidarsdottir L, Björklund AC, Dowdy SF, Palm-Apergi C. RNAi prodrugs decrease elevated mRNA levels of Polo-like kinase 1 in ex vivo cultured primary cells from pediatric acute myeloid leukemia patients. FASEB J 2021; 35:e21476. [PMID: 33788972 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202002454rr] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2020] [Revised: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) is an important regulator of the cell cycle and it is frequently overexpressed in cancer cells. Several small molecule inhibitors have been developed to target Plk1 and some of them have reached clinical trials in adults with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Pediatric AML patients have a poor prognosis and survivors suffer from long-term side effects. As adult AML cells have an elevated expression of Plk1, AML is a disease candidate for Plk1 inhibition. However, the relative success of clinical trials have been hampered by adverse reactions. Herein, PLK1-targeting RNA interference (RNAi) prodrugs that enter cells without a transfection reagent are used to target PLK1 selectively in primary cells from pediatric AML patients. We show that PLK1 and PLK4 mRNA expression are significantly higher in pediatric AML patients when compared to healthy donors and that PLK1 is downregulated by on average 50% using RNAi prodrugs without a significant effect on other PLK family members. In addition, the RNAi prodrug-induced decrease in PLK1 can be used to potentiate the effect of cytarabine. In summary, PLK1-targeting RNAi prodrugs can decrease the elevated levels of PLK1 in primary cells from pediatric AML patients and sensitize pediatric AML cells to chemotherapeutics.
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MESH Headings
- Apoptosis
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Case-Control Studies
- Cell Cycle
- Cell Cycle Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics
- Cell Cycle Proteins/metabolism
- Cell Movement
- Cell Proliferation
- Child
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Prodrugs/administration & dosage
- Prognosis
- Protein Kinase Inhibitors/pharmacology
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/metabolism
- RNA Interference
- RNA, Messenger/antagonists & inhibitors
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Tumor Suppressor Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Tumor Suppressor Proteins/genetics
- Tumor Suppressor Proteins/metabolism
- Polo-Like Kinase 1
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Affiliation(s)
- Iryna Kolosenko
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Oksana Goroshchuk
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Linda Vidarsdottir
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ann-Charlotte Björklund
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Steven F Dowdy
- Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, UCSD School of Medicine, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Caroline Palm-Apergi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Biomolecular and Cellular Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Li Z, Yang C, Li X, Du X, Tao Y, Ren J, Fang F, Xie Y, Li M, Qian G, Xu L, Cao X, Wu Y, Lv H, Hu S, Lu J, Pan J. The dual role of BI 2536, a small-molecule inhibitor that targets PLK1, in induction of apoptosis and attenuation of autophagy in neuroblastoma cells. J Cancer 2020; 11:3274-3287. [PMID: 32231733 PMCID: PMC7097946 DOI: 10.7150/jca.33110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extra-cranial solid tumor in childhood with the overall 5 years' survival less than 40%. Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) is a serine/threonine-protein kinase expressed during mitosis and over expressed in multiple cancers, including neuroblastoma. We found that higher PLK1 expression related to poor outcome of NB patients. BI2536, a small molecule inhibitor against PLK1, significantly reduced cell viability in a panel of NB cell lines, with IC50 less than 100 nM. PLK1 inhibition by BI 2536 treatment induced cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and cell apoptosis in NB cells. Realtime PCR array revealed the PLK1 inhibition related genes, such as BIRC7, TNFSF10, LGALS1 and DAD1 et al. Moreover, autophagy activity was investigated in the NB cells treated with BI 2536. BI 2536 treatment in NB cells increased LC3-II puncta formation and LC3-II expression. Formation of autophagosome induced by BI 2536 was observed by transmission electron microscopy. However, BI2536 abrogated the autophagic flux in NB cells by reducing SQSTM1/p62 expression and AMPKαT172 phosphorylation. These results provide new clues for the molecular mechanism of cell death induced by BI 2536 and suggest that BI 2536 may act as new candidate drug for neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiheng Li
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Chun Yang
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Xiaolu Li
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Xiaojuan Du
- Department of Gastroenterology, The 5th Hospital of Chinese PLA, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Yanfang Tao
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Junli Ren
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Fang Fang
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Yi Xie
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Mei Li
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Guanghui Qian
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Lixiao Xu
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Xu Cao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Haitao Lv
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Shaoyan Hu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Jian Pan
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China
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Schick S, Rendeiro AF, Runggatscher K, Ringler A, Boidol B, Hinkel M, Májek P, Vulliard L, Penz T, Parapatics K, Schmidl C, Menche J, Boehmelt G, Petronczki M, Müller AC, Bock C, Kubicek S. Systematic characterization of BAF mutations provides insights into intracomplex synthetic lethalities in human cancers. Nat Genet 2019; 51:1399-410. [PMID: 31427792 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-019-0477-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Aberrations in genes coding for subunits of the BAF chromatin remodeling complexes are highly abundant in human cancers. Currently, it is not understood how these loss-of-function mutations contribute to cancer development and how they can be targeted therapeutically. The cancer-type-specific occurrence patterns of certain subunit mutations suggest subunit-specific effects on BAF complex function, possibly by the formation of aberrant residual complexes. Here, we systematically characterize the effects of individual subunit loss on complex composition, chromatin accessibility and gene expression in a panel of knock-out cell lines deficient for 22 BAF subunits. We observe strong, specific and sometimes discordant alterations dependent on the targeted subunit and show that these explain intra-complex co-dependencies, including the synthetic lethal interactions SMARCA4-ARID2, SMARCA4-ACTB and SMARCC1-SMARCC2. These data provide insights into the role of different BAF subcomplexes in genome-wide chromatin organization and suggest approaches to therapeutically target BAF mutant cancers.
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8
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Stratmann JA, Sebastian M. Polo-like kinase 1 inhibition in NSCLC: mechanism of action and emerging predictive biomarkers. Lung Cancer (Auckl) 2019; 10:67-80. [PMID: 31308774 PMCID: PMC6612950 DOI: 10.2147/lctt.s177618] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide. Due to often unspecific disease symptoms, locally advanced or metastatic disease is diagnosed in the majority of all cases. Palliative treatment options comprise of conventional cytotoxic agents, immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors and the use of specific small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI). However, these TKIs are mainly restricted to a small proportion of patients with lung cancer that harbor activating driver mutations. Still, the effectiveness and favorable safety profile of these compounds have prompted a systematic search for specific driver mechanisms of tumorigenesis and moreover the development of corresponding kinase inhibitors. In recent years, the Polo-like kinase (PLK) family has emerged as a key regulator in mitotic regulation. Its role in cell proliferation and the frequently observed overexpression in various tumor entities have raised much interest in basic and clinical oncology aiming to attenuate tumor growth by targeting the PLK. In this review, we give a comprehensive summary on the (pre-) clinical development of the different types of PLK inhibitors in lung cancer and summarize their mechanisms of action, safety and efficacy data and give an overview on translational research aiming to identify predictive biomarkers for a rational use of PLK inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan A Stratmann
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Clinic of Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Martin Sebastian
- Department of Internal Medicine II, University Clinic of Frankfurt, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany
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9
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Goroshchuk O, Kolosenko I, Vidarsdottir L, Azimi A, Palm-Apergi C. Polo-like kinases and acute leukemia. Oncogene 2019; 38:1-16. [PMID: 30104712 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0443-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2018] [Revised: 07/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Acute leukemia is a common malignancy among children and adults worldwide and many patients suffer from chronic health issues using current therapeutic approaches. Therefore, there is a great need for the development of novel and more specific therapies with fewer side effects. The family of Polo-like kinases (Plks) is a group of five serine/threonine kinases that play an important role in cell cycle regulation and are critical targets for therapeutic invention. Plk1 and Plk4 are novel targets for cancer therapy as leukemic cells often express higher levels than normal cells. In contrast, Plk2 and Plk3 are considered to be tumor suppressors. Several small molecule inhibitors have been developed for targeting Plk1 inhibition. Despite reaching phase III clinical trials, one of the ATP-competitive Plk1 inhibitor, volasertib, did not induce an objective clinical response and even caused lethal side effects in some patients. In order to improve the specificity of the Plk1 inhibitors and reduce off-target side effects, novel RNA interference (RNAi)-based therapies have been developed. In this review, we summarize the mechanisms of action of the Plk family members in acute leukemia, describe preclinical studies and clinical trials involving Plk-targeting drugs and discuss novel approaches in Plk targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oksana Goroshchuk
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Research Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Iryna Kolosenko
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Research Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Linda Vidarsdottir
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Research Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Alireza Azimi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Research Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Caroline Palm-Apergi
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Research Center, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
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10
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Ergul M, Bakar-Ates F. RO3280: A Novel PLK1 Inhibitor, Suppressed the Proliferation of MCF-7 Breast Cancer Cells Through the Induction of Cell Cycle Arrest at G2/M Point. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2019; 19:1846-1854. [PMID: 31244432 DOI: 10.2174/1871520619666190618162828] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND As a member of serine/threonine-protein kinase, Polo.like kinase 1 (PLK1) plays crucial roles during mitosis and also contributes to DNA damage response and repair. PLK1 is aberrantly expressed in many types of tumor cells and increased levels of PLK1 are closely related to tumorigenesis and poor clinical outcomes. Therefore, PLK1 is accepted as one of the potential targets for the discovery of novel anticancer agents. The objective of this study was to assess the cytotoxic effects of a novel PLK1 inhibitor, RO3280, against MCF-7, human breast cancer cells; HepG2, human hepatocellular carcinoma cells; and PC3, human prostate cancer cells, as well as non-cancerous L929 fibroblast cells. METHODS Antiproliferative activity of RO3280 was examined using the XTT assay. Flow cytometry assay was performed to evaluate cell cycle distribution, apoptosis, multicaspase activity, mitochondrial membrane potential, and DNA damage response. Apoptosis with fluorescence imaging studies was also examined. RESULTS According to the results of XTT assay, although RO3280 displayed potent cytotoxicity in all treated cancer cells, the most sensitive cell line was identified as MCF-7 cells that were selected for further studies. The compound induced a cell cycle arrest in MCF-7 cells at G2/M phase and significantly induced apoptosis, multicaspase activity, DNA damage response, and decreased mitochondrial membrane potential of MCF-7 cells. CONCLUSION Overall, RO3280 induces anticancer effects promoted mainly by DNA damage, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Further studies are needed to assess its usability as an anticancer agent with specific cancer types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mustafa Ergul
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sivas Cumhuriyet University, Sivas, Turkey
| | - Filiz Bakar-Ates
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
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11
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Hao M, Ji XR, Chen H, Zhang W, Zhang LC, Zhang LH, Tang PF, Lu N. Cell cycle and complement inhibitors may be specific for treatment of spinal cord injury in aged and young mice: Transcriptomic analyses. Neural Regen Res 2018; 13:518-527. [PMID: 29623939 PMCID: PMC5900517 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.226405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous studies have reported age-specific pathological and functional outcomes in young and aged patients suffering spinal cord injury, but the mechanisms remain poorly understood. In this study, we examined mice with spinal cord injury. Gene expression profiles from the Gene Expression Omnibus database (accession number GSE93561) were used, including spinal cord samples from 3 young injured mice (2-3-months old, induced by Impactor at Th9 level) and 3 control mice (2-3-months old, no treatment), as well as 2 aged injured mice (15-18-months old, induced by Impactor at Th9 level) and 2 control mice (15-18-months old, no treatment). Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in spinal cord tissue from injured and control mice were identified using the Linear Models for Microarray data method, with a threshold of adjusted P < 0.05 and |logFC(fold change)| > 1.5. Protein-protein interaction networks were constructed using data from the STRING database, followed by module analysis by Cytoscape software to screen crucial genes. Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes pathway and Gene Ontology enrichment analyses were performed to investigate the underlying functions of DEGs using Database for Annotation, Visualization and Integrated Discovery. Consequently, 1,604 and 1,153 DEGs were identified between injured and normal control mice in spinal cord tissue of aged and young mice, respectively. Furthermore, a Venn diagram showed that 960 DEGs were shared among aged and young mice, while 644 and 193 DEGs were specific to aged and young mice, respectively. Functional enrichment indicates that shared DEGs are involved in osteoclast differentiation, extracellular matrix-receptor interaction, nuclear factor-kappa B signaling pathway, and focal adhesion. Unique genes for aged and young injured groups were involved in the cell cycle (upregulation of PLK1) and complement (upregulation of C3) activation, respectively. These findings were confirmed by functional analysis of genes in modules (common, 4; aged, 2; young, 1) screened from protein-protein interaction networks. Accordingly, cell cycle and complement inhibitors may be specific treatments for spinal cord injury in aged and young mice, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Hao
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, General Hospital of People's Liberation Army (301 Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Xin-Ran Ji
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, General Hospital of People's Liberation Army (301 Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Hua Chen
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, General Hospital of People's Liberation Army (301 Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, General Hospital of People's Liberation Army (301 Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Li-Cheng Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, General Hospital of People's Liberation Army (301 Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Li-Hai Zhang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, General Hospital of People's Liberation Army (301 Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Pei-Fu Tang
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, General Hospital of People's Liberation Army (301 Hospital), Beijing, China
| | - Ning Lu
- Department of Orthopedic Surgery, General Hospital of People's Liberation Army (301 Hospital), Beijing, China
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12
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Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) is one of the deadliest tumors and has a median survival of 3 months if left untreated. Despite advances in rationally targeted pharmacological approaches, the clinical care of GBM remains palliative in intent. Since the majority of altered signaling cascades involved in cancer establishment and progression eventually affect cell cycle progression, an alternative approach for cancer therapy is to develop innovative compounds that block the activity of crucial molecules needed by tumor cells to complete cell division. In this context, we review promising ongoing and future strategies for GBM therapeutics aimed towards G2/M inhibition such as anti-microtubule agents and targeted therapy against G2/M regulators like cyclin-dependent kinases, Aurora inhibitors, PLK1, BUB, 1, and BUBR1, and survivin. Moreover, we also include investigational agents in the preclinical and early clinical settings. Although several drugs were shown to be gliotoxic, most of them have not yet entered therapeutic trials. The use of either single exposure or a combination with novel compounds may lead to treatment alternatives for GBM patients in the near future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel Mauricio Castro-Gamero
- Human Genetics Laboratory, Institute of Natural Sciences, Federal University of Alfenas (UNIFAL-MG), Alfenas 37130-001, Brazil
| | - Julia Alejandra Pezuk
- Biotechnology and Innovation in Health Program and Pharmacy Program, Anhanguera University São Paulo (UNIAN-SP), São Paulo 05145-200, Brazil
| | - María Sol Brassesco
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Philosophy, Sciences and Letters at Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14040-901, Brazil
| | - Luiz Gonzaga Tone
- Department of Pediatrics.,Department of Genetics, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto 14049-900, Brazil
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13
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Abstract
Although significant levels of side effects are often associated with their use, microtubule-directed agents that primarily target fast-growing mitotic cells have been considered to be some of the most effective anti-cancer therapeutics. With the hope of developing new-generation anti-mitotic agents with reduced side effects and enhanced tumor specificity, researchers have targeted various proteins whose functions are critically required for mitotic progression. As one of the highly attractive mitotic targets, polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) has been the subject of an extensive effort for anti-cancer drug discovery. To date, a variety of anti-Plk1 agents have been developed, and several of them are presently in clinical trials. Here, we will discuss the current status of generating anti-Plk1 agents as well as future strategies for designing and developing more efficacious anti-Plk1 therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung-Eun Park
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - David Hymel
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Terrence R Burke
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD, 21702, USA
| | - Kyung S Lee
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
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14
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Tao YF, Wang NN, Xu LX, Li ZH, Li XL, Xu YY, Fang F, Li M, Qian GH, Li YH, Li YP, Wu Y, Ren JL, Du WW, Lu J, Feng X, Wang J, He WQ, Hu SY, Pan J. Molecular mechanism of G 1 arrest and cellular senescence induced by LEE011, a novel CDK4/CDK6 inhibitor, in leukemia cells. Cancer Cell Int 2017; 17:35. [PMID: 28286417 PMCID: PMC5340031 DOI: 10.1186/s12935-017-0405-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Overexpression of cyclin D1 dependent kinases 4 and 6 (CDK4/6) is a common feature of many human cancers including leukemia. LEE011 is a novel inhibitor of both CDK4 and 6. To date, the molecular function of LEE011 in leukemia remains unclear. Methods Leukemia cell growth and apoptosis following LEE011 treatment was assessed through CCK-8 and annexin V/propidium iodide staining assays. Cell senescence was assessed by β-galactosidase staining and p16INK4a expression analysis. Gene expression profiles of LEE011 treated HL-60 cells were investigated using an Arraystar Human LncRNA array. Gene ontology and KEGG pathway analysis were then used to analyze the differentially expressed genes from the cluster analysis. Results Our studies demonstrated that LEE011 inhibited proliferation of leukemia cells and could induce apoptosis. Hoechst 33,342 staining analysis showed DNA fragmentation and distortion of nuclear structures following LEE011 treatment. Cell cycle analysis showed LEE011 significantly induced cell cycle G1 arrest in seven of eight acute leukemia cells lines, the exception being THP-1 cells. β-Galactosidase staining analysis and p16INK4a expression analysis showed that LEE011 treatment can induce cell senescence of leukemia cells. LncRNA microarray analysis showed 2083 differentially expressed mRNAs and 3224 differentially expressed lncRNAs in LEE011-treated HL-60 cells compared with controls. Molecular function analysis showed that LEE011 induced senescence in leukemia cells partially through downregulation of the transcriptional expression of MYBL2. Conclusions We demonstrate for the first time that LEE011 treatment results in inhibition of cell proliferation and induction of G1 arrest and cellular senescence in leukemia cells. LncRNA microarray analysis showed differentially expressed mRNAs and lncRNAs in LEE011-treated HL-60 cells and we demonstrated that LEE011 induces cellular senescence partially through downregulation of the expression of MYBL2. These results may open new lines of investigation regarding the molecular mechanism of LEE011 induced cellular senescence. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s12935-017-0405-y) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Fang Tao
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Na-Na Wang
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Li-Xiao Xu
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhi-Heng Li
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xiao-Lu Li
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yun-Yun Xu
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Fang Fang
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Mei Li
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Guang-Hui Qian
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yan-Hong Li
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yi-Ping Li
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jun-Li Ren
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wei-Wei Du
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xing Feng
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Wei-Qi He
- CAM-SU Genomic Resource Center, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Shao-Yan Hu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Jian Pan
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China
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15
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Tao YF, Li ZH, Du WW, Xu LX, Ren JL, Li XL, Fang F, Xie Y, Li M, Qian GH, Li YH, Li YP, Li G, Wu Y, Feng X, Wang J, He WQ, Hu SY, Lu J, Pan J. Inhibiting PLK1 induces autophagy of acute myeloid leukemia cells via mammalian target of rapamycin pathway dephosphorylation. Oncol Rep 2017; 37:1419-1429. [PMID: 28184925 PMCID: PMC5364848 DOI: 10.3892/or.2017.5417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/30/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Decreased autophagy is accompanied by the development of a myeloproliferative state or acute myeloid leukemia (AML). AML cells are often sensitive to autophagy‑inducing stimuli, prompting the idea that targeting autophagy can be useful in AML cytotoxic therapy. AML NB4 cells overexpressing microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain 3-green fluorescent protein were screened with 69 inhibitors to analyze autophagy activity. AML cells were treated with the polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) inhibitors RO3280 and BI2536 before autophagy analysis. Cleaved LC3 (LC3-II) and the phosphorylation of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase, and Unc-51-like kinase 1 during autophagy was detected with western blotting. Autophagosomes were detected using transmission electron microscopy. Several inhibitors had promising autophagy inducer effects: BI2536, MLN0905, SK1-I, SBE13 HCL and RO3280. Moreover, these inhibitors all targeted PLK1. Autophagy activity was increased in the NB4 cells treated with RO3280 and BI2536. Inhibition of PLK1 expression in NB4, K562 and HL-60 leukemia cells with RNA interference increased LC3-II and autophagy activity. The phosphorylation of mTOR was reduced significantly in NB4 cells treated with RO3280 and BI2536, and was also reduced significantly when PLK1 expression was downregulated in the NB4, K562 and HL-60 cells. We demonstrate that PLK1 inhibition induces AML cell autophagy and that it results in mTOR dephosphorylation. These results may provide new insights into the molecular mechanism of PLK1 in regulating autophagy.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Autophagy
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Blotting, Western
- Cell Cycle Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics
- Cell Cycle Proteins/metabolism
- Cell Proliferation
- Child
- Female
- Humans
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/genetics
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/metabolism
- Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/pathology
- Male
- Mice
- Neoplasm Staging
- Phosphorylation
- Prognosis
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/antagonists & inhibitors
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/metabolism
- RNA, Messenger/genetics
- RNA, Small Interfering/genetics
- Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
- Signal Transduction
- Survival Rate
- TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics
- TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
- Polo-Like Kinase 1
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan-Fang Tao
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215003, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Heng Li
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215003, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Wei Du
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215003, P.R. China
| | - Li-Xiao Xu
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215003, P.R. China
| | - Jun-Li Ren
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215003, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Lu Li
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215003, P.R. China
| | - Fang Fang
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215003, P.R. China
| | - Yi Xie
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215003, P.R. China
| | - Mei Li
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215003, P.R. China
| | - Guang-Hui Qian
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215003, P.R. China
| | - Yan-Hong Li
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215003, P.R. China
| | - Yi-Ping Li
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215003, P.R. China
| | - Gang Li
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215003, P.R. China
| | - Yi Wu
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215003, P.R. China
| | - Xing Feng
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215003, P.R. China
| | - Jian Wang
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215003, P.R. China
| | - Wei-Qi He
- CAM-SU Genomic Resource Center, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215123, P.R. China
| | - Shao-Yan Hu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215003, P.R. China
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215003, P.R. China
| | - Jian Pan
- Institute of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215003, P.R. China
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16
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Wang JD, Chen XY, Ji KW, Tao F. Targeting Btk with ibrutinib inhibit gastric carcinoma cells growth. Am J Transl Res 2016; 8:3003-3012. [PMID: 27508020 PMCID: PMC4969436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2016] [Accepted: 02/17/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Bruton's tyrosine kinase (Btk) is a member of the Tec-family non-receptor tyrosine kinases family. It has previously been reported to be expressed in B cells and has an important role in B-cell malignancies. While the roles of Btk in the pathogenesis of certain B-cell malignancies are well established, the functions of Btk in gastric carcinoma have never been investigated. Herein, we found that Btk is over-expressed in gastric carcinoma tissues and gastric cancer cells. Knockdown of Btk expression selectively inhibits the growth of gastric cancer cells, but not that of the normal gastric mucosa epithelial cell, which express very little Btk. Inhibition of Btk by its inhibitor ibrutinib has an additive inhibitory effect on gastric cancer cell growth. Treatment of gastric cancer cells, but not immortalized breast epithelial cells with ibrutinib results in effective cell killing, accompanied by the attenuation of Btk signals. Ibrutinib also induces apoptosis in gastric carcinoma cells as well as is a chemo-sensitizer for docetaxel (DTX), a standard of care for gastric carcinoma patients. Finally, ibrutinib markedly reduces tumor growth and increases tumor cell apoptosis in the tumors formed in mice inoculated with the gastric carcinoma cells. Given these promising preclinical results for ibrutinib in gastric carcinoma, a strategy combining Btk inhibitor warrants attention in gastric cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Dao Wang
- Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang UniversityNo. 568 Zhong Xing Road, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Xiao Ying Chen
- Shaoxing 7th People’s HospitalNo. 1234 Sheng Li Road, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Ke Wei Ji
- Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang UniversityNo. 568 Zhong Xing Road, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Feng Tao
- Shaoxing People’s Hospital, Shaoxing Hospital of Zhejiang UniversityNo. 568 Zhong Xing Road, Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, China
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17
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Cho A, Shim JE, Kim E, Supek F, Lehner B, Lee I. MUFFINN: cancer gene discovery via network analysis of somatic mutation data. Genome Biol 2016; 17:129. [PMID: 27333808 PMCID: PMC4918128 DOI: 10.1186/s13059-016-0989-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Accepted: 05/24/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A major challenge for distinguishing cancer-causing driver mutations from inconsequential passenger mutations is the long-tail of infrequently mutated genes in cancer genomes. Here, we present and evaluate a method for prioritizing cancer genes accounting not only for mutations in individual genes but also in their neighbors in functional networks, MUFFINN (MUtations For Functional Impact on Network Neighbors). This pathway-centric method shows high sensitivity compared with gene-centric analyses of mutation data. Notably, only a marginal decrease in performance is observed when using 10 % of TCGA patient samples, suggesting the method may potentiate cancer genome projects with small patient populations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ara Cho
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jung Eun Shim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Eiru Kim
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Fran Supek
- EMBL-CRG Systems Biology Unit, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), 08003, Barcelona, Spain.,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003, Barcelona, Spain.,Division of Electronics, Rudjer Boskovic Institute, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Ben Lehner
- EMBL-CRG Systems Biology Unit, Centre for Genomic Regulation (CRG), 08003, Barcelona, Spain. .,Universitat Pompeu Fabra (UPF), 08003, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Insuk Lee
- Department of Biotechnology, College of Life Science and Biotechnology, Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea.
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18
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Fernández-Aceñero MJ, Cortés D, Gómez del Pulgar T, Cebrián A, Estrada L, Martínez-Useros J, Celdrán A, García-Foncillas J, Pastor C. PLK-1 Expression is Associated with Histopathological Response to Neoadjuvant Therapy of Hepatic Metastasis of Colorectal Carcinoma. Pathol Oncol Res 2016; 22:377-83. [PMID: 26577686 DOI: 10.1007/s12253-015-0015-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2015] [Accepted: 11/12/2015] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) is a serine/threonine-protein kinase expressed during mitosis and overexpressed in multiple human cancers, including leukemia and also many solid tumors. PLK1 knockdown has been shown to block proliferation of leukemic cell lines and the clonogenic potential of tumor cells grown from patients with cancer. PLK1 inhibition is a promising strategy for the treatment of some tumors. We aim to analyze expression of PLK1 in metastatic colorectal carcinoma. Retrospective analysis of colorectal carcinomas with hepatic metastasis during follow-up receiving neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC), based on oxaliplatin. Immunohistochemistry for PLK-1 in paraffin-embedded tissue from the primary and also from the metastasis. 50 patients. 32% showed good histopathological response. 43% of the primaries were positive for PLK1, as opposed to 23.5% of the metastasis. Expression of PLK1 was significantly reduced in metastasis compared with the primaries (p = 0.05), what could be due to therapy or to a phenotypic change of the metastatic nodule. Analysis of the prognostic influence of PLK1 expression showed significant association between PLK1 expression in metastasis and lower overall survival (p = 0.000). We have also found a significant association between PLK1 expression and histopathological response (p = 0.02). All the tumors with high expression of PLK1 showed minor response (11/11). This study shows the association between survival and poor histopathological response to therapy and high expression of PLK1 in metastasis. Our results could open a new therapeutic approach through the inhibition of PLK1.
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Affiliation(s)
- M J Fernández-Aceñero
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, C/ Profesor Martín Lagos s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
| | - D Cortés
- Department of Surgery, Health Research Institute FJD-UAM, University Hospital Fundación Jiménez Diaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - T Gómez del Pulgar
- Translational Oncology Division, Oncohealth Institute, Health Research Institute FJD-UAM, University Hospital Fundación Jiménez Diaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Cebrián
- Translational Oncology Division, Oncohealth Institute, Health Research Institute FJD-UAM, University Hospital Fundación Jiménez Diaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - L Estrada
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, C/ Profesor Martín Lagos s/n, 28040, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Martínez-Useros
- Translational Oncology Division, Oncohealth Institute, Health Research Institute FJD-UAM, University Hospital Fundación Jiménez Diaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Celdrán
- Department of Surgery, Health Research Institute FJD-UAM, University Hospital Fundación Jiménez Diaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - J García-Foncillas
- Translational Oncology Division, Oncohealth Institute, Health Research Institute FJD-UAM, University Hospital Fundación Jiménez Diaz, Madrid, Spain
| | - C Pastor
- Department of Surgery, Health Research Institute FJD-UAM, University Hospital Fundación Jiménez Diaz, Madrid, Spain
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19
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Lee KS, Burke TR, Park JE, Bang JK, Lee E. Recent Advances and New Strategies in Targeting Plk1 for Anticancer Therapy. Trends Pharmacol Sci 2015; 36:858-877. [PMID: 26478211 PMCID: PMC4684765 DOI: 10.1016/j.tips.2015.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2015] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 08/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1) plays key roles in regulating mitotic processes that are crucial for cellular proliferation. Overexpression of Plk1 is tightly associated with the development of particular cancers in humans, and a large body of evidence suggests that Plk1 is an attractive target for anticancer therapeutic development. Drugs targeting Plk1 can potentially be directed at two distinct sites: the N-terminal catalytic kinase domain (KD), which phosphorylates substrates, and the C-terminal polo-box domain (PBD) which is essential for protein-protein interactions. In this review we summarize recent advances and new challenges in the development of Plk1 inhibitors targeting these two domains. We also discuss novel strategies for designing and developing next-generation inhibitors to effectively treat Plk1-associated human disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyung S Lee
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
| | - Terrence R Burke
- Chemical Biology Laboratory, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute at Frederick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Jung-Eun Park
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
| | - Jeong K Bang
- Division of Magnetic Resonance, Korea Basic Science Institute, 804-1, Yangcheong Ri, Ochang, Chungbuk, Cheongwon 363-883, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunhye Lee
- Laboratory of Metabolism, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA
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Palmisiano ND, Kasner MT. Polo-like kinase and its inhibitors: Ready for the match to start? Am J Hematol 2015; 90:1071-6. [PMID: 26294255 DOI: 10.1002/ajh.24177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2014] [Revised: 08/06/2015] [Accepted: 08/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Polo-like kinases (Plks) plays a central role in the normal cell cycle and their upregulation has been shown to play a role in the pathogenesis of multiple human cancers. Preclinical work demonstrates that targeting Plk has a significant impact on the treatment of both solid and hematologic malignancies in vitro and in vivo. We review here the basic science and clinical work to date with the Plks as well as future directions with this novel class of mitotic inhibitors.
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Kumar S, Kim J. PLK-1 Targeted Inhibitors and Their Potential against Tumorigenesis. Biomed Res Int 2015; 2015:705745. [PMID: 26557691 PMCID: PMC4628734 DOI: 10.1155/2015/705745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2015] [Revised: 05/08/2015] [Accepted: 05/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Mitotic kinases are the key components of the cell cycle machinery and play vital roles in cell cycle progression. PLK-1 (Polo-like kinase-1) is a crucial mitotic protein kinase that plays an essential role in both the onset of G2/M transition and cytokinesis. The overexpression of PLK-1 is strongly correlated with a wide spectrum of human cancers and poor prognosis. The (si)RNA-mediated depletion of PLK-1 arrests tumor growth and triggers apoptosis in cancer cells without affecting normal cells. Therefore, PLK-1 has been selected as an attractive anticancer therapeutic drug target. Some small molecules have been discovered to target the catalytic and noncatalytic domains of PLK-1. These domains regulate the catalytic activation and subcellular localization of PLK-1. However, while PLK-1 inhibitors block tumor growth, they have been shown to cause severe adverse complications, such as toxicity, neutropenia, and bone marrow suppression during clinical trials, due to a lack of selectivity and specificity within the human kinome. To minimize these toxicities, inhibitors should be tested against all protein kinases in vivo and in vitro to enhance selectivity and specificity against targets. Here, we discuss the potency and selectivity of PLK-1-targeted inhibitors and their molecular interactions with PLK-1 domains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiv Kumar
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Cell Differentiation and Aging, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 200-702, Republic of Korea
| | - Jaebong Kim
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Cell Differentiation and Aging, College of Medicine, Hallym University, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do 200-702, Republic of Korea
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