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Liang K, Wang Q, Qiu L, Gong X, Chen Z, Zhang H, Ding K, Liu Y, Wei J, Lin S, Fu S, Du H. Combined Inhibition of UBE2C and PLK1 Reduce Cell Proliferation and Arrest Cell Cycle by Affecting ACLY in Pan-Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:15658. [PMID: 37958642 PMCID: PMC10650476 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242115658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/23/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Various studies have shown that the cell-cycle-related regulatory proteins UBE2C, PLK1, and BIRC5 promote cell proliferation and migration in different types of cancer. However, there is a lack of in-depth and systematic research on the mechanism of these three as therapeutic targets. In this study, we found a positive correlation between the expression of UBE2C and PLK1/BIRC5 in the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, revealing a potential combination therapy candidate for pan-cancer. Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), Western blotting (WB), cell phenotype detection, and RNA-seq techniques were used to evidence the effectiveness of the combination candidate. We found that combined interference of UBE2C with PLK1 and UBE2C with BIRC5 affected metabolic pathways by significantly downregulating the mRNA expression of IDH1 and ACLY, which was related to the synthesis of acetyl-CoA. By combining the PLK1 inhibitor volasertib and the ACLY inhibitor bempedoic acid, it showed a higher synergistic inhibition of cell viability and higher synergy scores in seven cell lines, compared with those of other combination treatments. Our study reveals the potential mechanisms through which cell-cycle-related genes regulate metabolism and proposes a potential combined targeted therapy for patients with higher PLK1 and ACLY expression in pan-cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Hongli Du
- School of Biology and Biological Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China; (K.L.); (Q.W.); (L.Q.); (X.G.); (Z.C.); (H.Z.); (K.D.); (Y.L.); (J.W.); (S.L.); (S.F.)
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2
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Gheghiani L, Fu Z. The dark side of PLK1: Implications for cancer and genomic instability. Oncotarget 2023; 14:657-659. [PMID: 37367493 PMCID: PMC10295679 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.28456] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Zheng Fu
- Correspondence to:Zheng Fu, Department of Human and Molecular Genetics, VCU Institute of Molecular Medicine, VCU Massey Cancer Center, Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298, USA email
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Chen Y, You Y, Wu Q, Wu J, Lin S, Sun Y, Cui Z. Performance of a PLK1-based immune risk model for prognosis and treatment response prediction in breast cancer. Cancer Med 2023; 12:11020-11039. [PMID: 36951624 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5813] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 10/29/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1), a serine/threonine-protein kinase, functions as a potent oncogene in the initiation and progression of tumor. The aim of this study is to assess potential correlations between PLK1 expression and immune infiltration in breast cancer (BRCA) and construct a PLK1-based immune risk model applicable for prognosis and treatment response prediction in BRCA. METHODS We collected data on PLK1 gene expression in BRCA patients from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Thereafter, we analyzed the associations of PLK1 expression with immune cell infiltration and immunomodulators, and established a prognostic risk model based on seven PLK1-associated immunomodulator genes and a nomogram for survival prediction. RESULTS BRCA prognosis, clinical stage progression, and tumor classification were all shown to be substantially correlated with PLK1 expression. The PLK1 gene was significantly enriched in T cell and B cell receptors and molecules of the chemokine signaling pathways. Specifically, PLK1 expression was positively correlated with the CD8+ T cell and regulatory T cell (Tregs) activation and negatively correlated with M2 macrophage infiltration. The seven-genes-based risk model could serve as an independent prognostic factor of BRCA. The risk model was markedly correlated with the expression of programmed cell death protein 1/programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-1/PD-L1; both p < 0.001) immune checkpoints, and tumor mutation burden (TMB). High- and low-risk BRCA patients identified by the risk model responded differently to anti-PD-1 and/or anti-CTLA4 therapy, as well as common chemotherapy drugs, like cisplatin, paclitaxel, and gemcitabine. CONCLUSION This PLK1-based immune risk model can effectively predict the prognosis and tumor progression of BRCA, identify gene mutations, and evaluate patient's response toward immunotherapy and chemotherapy regimens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chen
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, PR China
| | - Yiqing You
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, PR China
| | - Qiaoling Wu
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, PR China
| | - Jing Wu
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, PR China
| | - Shujing Lin
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, PR China
| | - Yang Sun
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, PR China
| | - Zhaolei Cui
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Research, Department of Clinical Laboratory, Clinical Oncology School of Fujian Medical University, Fujian Cancer Hospital, Fuzhou, PR China
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Chen JH, Guo QF, Liu QG, He BX, Song WP, Yin ZH, Li DB, Chen L, Zhang WZ. Chaetoglobosin E inhibits tumor growth and promotes the anti-tumor efficacy of cytotoxic drugs in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma by targeting PLK1. Ann Transl Med 2022; 10:1236. [PMID: 36544631 PMCID: PMC9761161 DOI: 10.21037/atm-22-5320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Background Currently, there is no satisfactory treatment available for esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC), and thus, there is a pressing need to develop effective drugs. Chaetoglobosin E, a cytochalasan alkaloid derived from metabolites of Chaetomium madrasense 375, is a chaetoglobosin with intense anti-tumor activity. Therefore, revealing its anti-tumor mechanism for the application of cytochalasans is crucial. Methods The cytotoxic effect of chaetoglobosin E and cisplatin on esophageal cancer KYSE-30, KYSE-150, and TE-1 cells was detected using cell viability or colony formation assays. The cell cycle, apoptosis, autophagy, invasion, and metastasis were assayed by flow cytometry or western blot. The potential target of chaetoglobosin E was assayed by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) and large loop prediction software analysis and was assessed by western blot and real-time quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The effect of its target on cell pyroptosis was assayed using overexpression and silence experiments. Results Chaetoglobosin E significantly inhibited the proliferation of KYSE-30, KYSE-150, and TE-1 cells, especially KYSE-30 cells. Our results showed that chaetoglobosin E induced the G2/M phase arrest of KYSE-30 cells, followed by the down-regulation of cyclinB1, CDC2, and p-CDC2, and up-regulation of p21. Moreover, chaetoglobosin E also decreased the anti-apoptotic protein expression of Bcl-2, increased apoptotic expression of Bax, increased autophagy protein expressions of beclin1 and LC3, decreased invasion and metastasis protein expression of E-cadherin, and increased expression of vimentin. The RNA-seq and large loop prediction software analysis results indicated that its potential target might be polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1). Moreover, results also showed that chaetoglobosin E can reverse the PLK1 overexpression plasmid-induced up-regulation of the PLK1 protein. Furthermore, we found that chaetoglobosin E induced pyroptosis via the activation of the gasdermin E (GSDME) protein. Further studies showed that the high expression of PLK1 inactivated the GSDME protein, while the knockdown of PLK1 expression activated the GSDME protein, indicating that chaetoglobosin E induced cell pyroptosis by inhibiting PLK1. Conclusions This study suggested that chaetoglobosin E may be a novel lead compound to the treatment of ESCC patients by targeting PLK1, and elucidated for the first time that PLK1 was involved in a new pyroptosis mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Hua Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Henan Engineering Research Center for Tumor Precision Medicine and Comprehensive Evaluation, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drug Research, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qing-Feng Guo
- Comprehensive Utilization of Edible and Medicinal Plant Resources Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology of Natural Products, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Drug Discovery of Small Molecules, Huanghe Science and Technology College, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Qiu-Ge Liu
- Comprehensive Utilization of Edible and Medicinal Plant Resources Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology of Natural Products, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Drug Discovery of Small Molecules, Huanghe Science and Technology College, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bao-Xia He
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Henan Engineering Research Center for Tumor Precision Medicine and Comprehensive Evaluation, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drug Research, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wen-Ping Song
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Henan Engineering Research Center for Tumor Precision Medicine and Comprehensive Evaluation, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drug Research, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Zhen-Hua Yin
- Comprehensive Utilization of Edible and Medicinal Plant Resources Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology of Natural Products, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Drug Discovery of Small Molecules, Huanghe Science and Technology College, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Dong-Bei Li
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Comprehensive Utilization of Edible and Medicinal Plant Resources Engineering Technology Research Center, Zhengzhou Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology of Natural Products, Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Drug Discovery of Small Molecules, Huanghe Science and Technology College, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wen-Zhou Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Zhengzhou University & Henan Cancer Hospital, Henan Engineering Research Center for Tumor Precision Medicine and Comprehensive Evaluation, Henan Provincial Key Laboratory of Anticancer Drug Research, Zhengzhou, China
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5
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Zhong S, Peng S, Chen Z, Chen Z, Luo JL. Choosing Kinase Inhibitors for Androgen Deprivation Therapy-Resistant Prostate Cancer. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:498. [PMID: 35335873 PMCID: PMC8950316 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14030498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) is a systemic therapy for advanced prostate cancer (PCa). Although most patients initially respond to ADT, almost all cancers eventually develop castration resistance. Castration-resistant PCa (CRPC) is associated with a very poor prognosis, and the treatment of which is a serious clinical challenge. Accumulating evidence suggests that abnormal expression and activation of various kinases are associated with the emergence and maintenance of CRPC. Many efforts have been made to develop small molecule inhibitors to target the key kinases in CRPC. These inhibitors are designed to suppress the kinase activity or interrupt kinase-mediated signal pathways that are associated with PCa androgen-independent (AI) growth and CRPC development. In this review, we briefly summarize the roles of the kinases that are abnormally expressed and/or activated in CRPC and the recent advances in the development of small molecule inhibitors that target kinases for the treatment of CRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shangwei Zhong
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan 410008, China; (S.Z.); (S.P.); (Z.C.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33459, USA
| | - Shoujiao Peng
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan 410008, China; (S.Z.); (S.P.); (Z.C.)
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33459, USA
| | - Zihua Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan 410008, China; (S.Z.); (S.P.); (Z.C.)
| | - Zhikang Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Hunan 410008, China; (S.Z.); (S.P.); (Z.C.)
| | - Jun-Li Luo
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, Jupiter, FL 33459, USA
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Oh Y, Jung H, Kim H, Baek J, Jun J, Cho H, Im D, Hah JM. Design and Synthesis of a Novel PLK1 Inhibitor Scaffold Using a Hybridized 3D-QSAR Model. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3865. [PMID: 33917995 PMCID: PMC8068361 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22083865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2020] [Revised: 03/31/2021] [Accepted: 04/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) plays an important role in cell cycle progression and proliferation in cancer cells. PLK1 also contributes to anticancer drug resistance and is a valuable target in anticancer therapeutics. To identify additional effective PLK1 inhibitors, we performed QSAR studies of two series of known PLK1 inhibitors and proposed a new structure based on a hybridized 3D-QSAR model. Given the hybridized 3D-QSAR models, we designed and synthesized 4-benzyloxy-1-(2-arylaminopyridin-4-yl)-1H-pyrazole-3-carboxamides, and we inspected its inhibitory activities to identify novel PLK1 inhibitors with decent potency and selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Jung-Mi Hah
- College of Pharmacy and Institute of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hanyang University, Ansan 426-791, Korea; (Y.O.); (H.J.); (H.K.); (J.B.); (J.J.); (H.C.); (D.I.)
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7
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Sui X, Zhang C, Jiang Y, Zhou J, Xu C, Tang F, Chen B, Xu H, Wang S, Wang X. Resveratrol activates DNA damage response through inhibition of polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) in natural killer/T cell lymphoma. Ann Transl Med 2020; 8:688. [PMID: 32617308 PMCID: PMC7327334 DOI: 10.21037/atm-19-4324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Background Extranodal natural killer/T cell lymphoma (NKTCL) is a highly aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma with a poor prognosis. Resveratrol (REV), a natural nontoxic pleiotropic agent, has antitumor effects, yet not being studied in NKTCL. Methods We performed immunohistochemical (IHC) staining with NKTCL tumor tissues. Apoptosis and cell cycle of NKTCL cell line NK-92 were detected by using flow cytometry. Then we detected the cellular expression level of polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) and key molecules in DNA damage response (DDR) pathway by using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq) technology, real-time PCR, and Western blot. Results In this study, we found distinguishingly expressed phosphorylated ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) in human NKTCL tumor tissues compared to normal lymph nodes samples. But low levels of phosphorylated checkpoint kinase 2 (Chk2) and phosphorylated p53 were shown, suggesting that DDR pathway is blocked midway in NKTCL. REV inhibited the proliferation of NK-92 cells in a time- and dose-dependent manner, arrested cell cycle at G1 phase, and induced mitochondrial apoptosis. PLK1 was inhibited in both mRNA and protein levels by REV in NK-92 cells. At the same time, phosphorylation levels of Chk2 and p53 were upregulated. Conclusions DDR pathway plays an important role in the pathogenesis of NKTCL. REV shows anti-NKTCL activity. The inhibition of PLK1 and the activation of DDR are vital for REV induced tumor cell apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianxian Sui
- Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Experimental Teaching Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Canjing Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministry of Education & Ministry of Health, and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Yudong Jiang
- Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jianan Zhou
- The Fifth People's Hospital of Shanghai, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Chen Xu
- Department of Pathology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Tang
- Department of Pathology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Bobin Chen
- Department of Hematology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Huiwen Xu
- Department of Hematology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Songmei Wang
- Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Experimental Teaching Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuanyi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Virology of Ministry of Education & Ministry of Health, and Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
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Li Z, Yang C, Li X, Du X, Tao Y, Ren J, Fang F, Xie Y, Li M, Qian G, Xu L, Cao X, Wu Y, Lv H, Hu S, Lu J, Pan J. The dual role of BI 2536, a small-molecule inhibitor that targets PLK1, in induction of apoptosis and attenuation of autophagy in neuroblastoma cells. J Cancer 2020; 11:3274-3287. [PMID: 32231733 PMCID: PMC7097946 DOI: 10.7150/jca.33110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Neuroblastoma (NB) is the most common extra-cranial solid tumor in childhood with the overall 5 years' survival less than 40%. Polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) is a serine/threonine-protein kinase expressed during mitosis and over expressed in multiple cancers, including neuroblastoma. We found that higher PLK1 expression related to poor outcome of NB patients. BI2536, a small molecule inhibitor against PLK1, significantly reduced cell viability in a panel of NB cell lines, with IC50 less than 100 nM. PLK1 inhibition by BI 2536 treatment induced cell cycle arrest at G2/M phase and cell apoptosis in NB cells. Realtime PCR array revealed the PLK1 inhibition related genes, such as BIRC7, TNFSF10, LGALS1 and DAD1 et al. Moreover, autophagy activity was investigated in the NB cells treated with BI 2536. BI 2536 treatment in NB cells increased LC3-II puncta formation and LC3-II expression. Formation of autophagosome induced by BI 2536 was observed by transmission electron microscopy. However, BI2536 abrogated the autophagic flux in NB cells by reducing SQSTM1/p62 expression and AMPKαT172 phosphorylation. These results provide new clues for the molecular mechanism of cell death induced by BI 2536 and suggest that BI 2536 may act as new candidate drug for neuroblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiheng Li
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Chun Yang
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Xiaolu Li
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Xiaojuan Du
- Department of Gastroenterology, The 5th Hospital of Chinese PLA, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China
| | - Yanfang Tao
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Junli Ren
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Fang Fang
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Yi Xie
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Mei Li
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Guanghui Qian
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Lixiao Xu
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Xu Cao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Yi Wu
- Department of Pathology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Haitao Lv
- Department of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Shaoyan Hu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Jun Lu
- Department of Hematology and Oncology, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China
| | - Jian Pan
- Institute of Pediatric Research, Children's Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou 215003, China
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Abstract
The master mitotic regulator, Polo-like kinase 1 (Plk1), is an essential gene for the correct execution of cell division. Plk1 has strong clinical relevance, as it is considered a bona fide cancer target, it is found overexpressed in a large collection of different cancer types and this tumoral overexpression often correlates with poor patient prognosis. All these data led the scientific community to historically consider Plk1 as an oncogene. Although there is a collection of scientific reports showing how Plk1 can contribute to tumor progression, recent data from different laboratories using mouse models, show that Plk1 can surprisingly play as a tumor suppressor. Therefore, the fact that Plk1 is an oncogene is now under debate. This review summarizes the proposed mechanisms by which Plk1 can play as an oncogene or as a tumor suppressor, and extrapolates this information to clinical features.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo de Cárcer
- Cell Cycle & Cancer Biomarkers Group, Cancer Biology Department, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas"Alberto Sols" (IIBm), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas & Universidad Autónoma de Madrid,(CSIC-UAM), C/Arturo Duperier 4, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
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10
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Zhen S, Takahashi Y, Narita S, Yang YC, Li X. Targeted delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 to prostate cancer by modified gRNA using a flexible aptamer-cationic liposome. Oncotarget 2017; 8:9375-9387. [PMID: 28030843 PMCID: PMC5354738 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.14072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The potent ability of CRISPR/Cas9 system to inhibit the expression of targeted gene is being exploited as a new class of therapeutics for a variety of diseases. However, the efficient and safe delivery of CRISPR/Cas9 into specific cell populations is still the principal challenge in the clinical development of CRISPR/Cas9 therapeutics. In this study, a flexible aptamer-liposome-CRISPR/Cas9 chimera was designed to combine efficient delivery and increased flexibility. Our chimera incorporated an RNA aptamer that specifically binds prostate cancer cells expressing the prostate-specific membrane antigen as a ligand. Cationic liposomes were linked to aptamers by the post-insertion method and were used to deliver therapeutic CRISPR/Cas9 that target the survival gene, polo-like kinase 1, in tumor cells. We demonstrate that the aptamer-liposome-CRISPR/Cas9 chimeras had a significant cell-type binding specificity and a remarkable gene silencing effect in vitro. Furthermore, silencing promoted a conspicuous regression of prostate cancer in vivo. Importantly, the approach described here provides a universal means of cell type-specific CRISPR/Cas9 delivery, which is a critical goal for the widespread therapeutic applicability of CRISPR/Cas9 or other nucleic acid drugs.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Apoptosis
- Aptamers, Nucleotide/genetics
- Aptamers, Nucleotide/metabolism
- CRISPR-Associated Proteins/genetics
- CRISPR-Associated Proteins/metabolism
- CRISPR-Cas Systems
- Cations
- Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics
- Cell Cycle Proteins/metabolism
- Cell Line, Tumor
- Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats
- Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Gene Silencing
- Gene Targeting/methods
- Gene Transfer Techniques
- Genetic Therapy/methods
- Humans
- Kallikreins/metabolism
- Liposomes
- Male
- Mice, Nude
- Prostate-Specific Antigen/metabolism
- Prostatic Neoplasms/genetics
- Prostatic Neoplasms/metabolism
- Prostatic Neoplasms/therapy
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics
- Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/genetics
- Proto-Oncogene Proteins/metabolism
- RNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas Systems/genetics
- RNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas Systems/metabolism
- Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
- Polo-Like Kinase 1
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuai Zhen
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, P.R. China
| | - Yoichiro Takahashi
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shunichi Narita
- Center for iPS Cell Research and Application (CiRA), Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Yi-Chen Yang
- Tsinghua University, School of Life Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xu Li
- Center for Translational Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, P.R. China
- Key Laboratory for Tumor Precision Medicine of Shaanxi Province, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi’an Jiaotong University, P.R. China
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11
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Bouhlal H, Ouled-Haddou H, Debuysscher V, Singh AR, Ossart C, Reignier A, Hocini H, Fouquet G, Baghami MA, Eugenio MS, Nguyen-Khac E, Regimbeau JM, Marcq I. RB/PLK1-dependent induced pathway by SLAMF3 expression inhibits mitosis and control hepatocarcinoma cell proliferation. Oncotarget 2016; 7:9832-43. [PMID: 26799423 PMCID: PMC4891087 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Polo-like kinase PLK1 is a cell cycle protein that plays multiple roles in promoting cell cycle progression. Among the many roles, the most prominent role of PLK1 is to regulate the mitotic spindle formation checkpoint at the M-phase. Recently we reported the expression of SLAMF3 in Hepatocytes and show that it is down regulated in tumor cells of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). We also show that the forced high expression level of SLAMF3 in HCC cells controls proliferation by inhibiting the MAPK ERK/JNK and the mTOR pathways. In the present study, we provide evidence that the inhibitory effect of SLAMF3 on HCC proliferation occurs through Retinoblastoma (RB) factor and PLK1-dependent pathway. In addition to the inhibition of MAPK ERK/JNK and the mTOR pathways, expression of SLAMF3 in HCC retains RB factor in its hypophosphorylated active form, which in turn inactivates E2F transcription factor, thereby repressing the expression and activation of PLK1. A clear inverse correlation was also observed between SLAMF3 and PLK expression in patients with HCC. In conclusion, the results presented here suggest that the tumor suppressor potential of SLAMF3 occurs through activation of RB that represses PLK1. We propose that the induction of a high expression level of SLAMF3 in cancerous cells could control cellular mitosis and block tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hicham Bouhlal
- Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé CURS, CAP-Santé (FED 4231), Université de Picardie Jules Verne, CHU Sud, Amiens, France
- Service d'Hématologie Clinique et de Thérapie Cellulaire Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sud, Amiens, France
| | - Hakim Ouled-Haddou
- Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé CURS, CAP-Santé (FED 4231), Université de Picardie Jules Verne, CHU Sud, Amiens, France
| | - Véronique Debuysscher
- Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé CURS, CAP-Santé (FED 4231), Université de Picardie Jules Verne, CHU Sud, Amiens, France
| | - Amrathlal Rabbind Singh
- Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé CURS, CAP-Santé (FED 4231), Université de Picardie Jules Verne, CHU Sud, Amiens, France
| | - Christèle Ossart
- Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé CURS, CAP-Santé (FED 4231), Université de Picardie Jules Verne, CHU Sud, Amiens, France
- Service d'Hématologie Clinique et de Thérapie Cellulaire Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sud, Amiens, France
| | - Aline Reignier
- Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé CURS, CAP-Santé (FED 4231), Université de Picardie Jules Verne, CHU Sud, Amiens, France
- Service d'Hématologie Clinique et de Thérapie Cellulaire Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sud, Amiens, France
| | - Hakim Hocini
- IMRB, Equipe 16, Génomique Médicale, UFR de Médecine, Créteil, France
| | - Gregory Fouquet
- Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé CURS, CAP-Santé (FED 4231), Université de Picardie Jules Verne, CHU Sud, Amiens, France
| | - Mohammed Al Baghami
- Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé CURS, CAP-Santé (FED 4231), Université de Picardie Jules Verne, CHU Sud, Amiens, France
- Service d'Hématologie Clinique et de Thérapie Cellulaire Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sud, Amiens, France
| | - Mélanie Simoes Eugenio
- Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé CURS, CAP-Santé (FED 4231), Université de Picardie Jules Verne, CHU Sud, Amiens, France
| | - Eric Nguyen-Khac
- Service Hepato-Gastroenterologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sud, Amiens, France
| | - Jean-Marc Regimbeau
- Service de Chirurgie Digestive Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sud, Amiens, France
| | - Ingrid Marcq
- Centre Universitaire de Recherche en Santé CURS, CAP-Santé (FED 4231), Université de Picardie Jules Verne, CHU Sud, Amiens, France
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Zhao LL, Jin F, Ye X, Zhu L, Yang JS, Yang WJ. Expression profiles of miRNAs and involvement of miR-100 and miR-34 in regulation of cell cycle arrest in Artemia. Biochem J 2015; 470:223-31. [PMID: 26348910 DOI: 10.1042/bj20150116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Regulation of the cell cycle is complex but critical for proper development, reproduction and stress resistance. To survive unfavourable environmental conditions, the crustacean Artemia produces diapause embryos whose metabolism is maintained at extremely low levels. In the present study, the expression profiles of miRNAs during Artemia diapause entry and termination were characterized using high-throughput sequencing. A total of 13 unclassified miRNAs and 370 miRNAs belonging to 87 families were identified; among them, 107 were differentially expressed during diapause entry and termination. We focused on the roles of two of these miRNAs, miR-100 and miR-34, in regulating cell cycle progression; during the various stages of diapause entry, these miRNAs displayed opposing patterns of expression. A functional analysis revealed that miR-100 and miR-34 regulate the cell cycle during diapause entry by targeting polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1), leading to activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase-extracellular signal-regulated kinase-ribosomal S6 kinase 2 (MEK-ERK-RSK2) pathway and cyclin K, leading to suppression of RNA polymerase II (RNAP II) activity respectively. The findings presented in the present study provide insights into the functions of miR-100 and miR-34 and suggest that the expression profiles of miRNAs in Artemia can be used to characterize their functions in cell cycle regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling-Ling Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Feng Jin
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Ye
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Lin Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin-Shu Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei-Jun Yang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, People's Republic of China
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