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Zelikson N, Ben S, Caspi M, Tarabe R, Shaleve Y, Pri-Paz Basson Y, Tayer-Shifman O, Goldberg E, Kivity S, Rosin-Arbesfeld R. Wnt signaling regulates chemokine production and cell migration of circulating human monocytes. Cell Commun Signal 2024; 22:229. [PMID: 38622714 PMCID: PMC11020454 DOI: 10.1186/s12964-024-01608-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 04/17/2024] Open
Abstract
The β-catenin dependent canonical Wnt signaling pathway plays a crucial role in maintaining normal homeostasis. However, when dysregulated, Wnt signaling is closely associated with various pathological conditions, including inflammation and different types of cancer.Here, we show a new connection between the leukocyte inflammatory response and the Wnt signaling pathway. Specifically, we demonstrate that circulating human primary monocytes express distinct Wnt signaling components and are susceptible to stimulation by the classical Wnt ligand-Wnt-3a. Although this stimulation increased the levels of β-catenin protein, the expression of the classical Wnt-target genes was not affected. Intriguingly, treating circulating human monocytes with Wnt-3a induces the secretion of cytokines and chemokines, enhancing monocyte migration. Mechanistically, the enhanced monocyte migration in response to Wnt stimuli is mediated through CCL2, a strong monocyte-chemoattractant.To further explore the physiological relevance of these findings, we conducted ex-vivo experiments using blood samples of patients with rheumatic joint diseases (RJD) - conditions where monocytes are known to be dysfunctional. Wnt-3a generated a unique cytokine expression profile, which was significantly distinct from that observed in monocytes obtained from healthy donors.Thus, our results provide the first evidence that Wnt-3a may serve as a potent stimulator of monocyte-driven immune processes. These findings contribute to our understanding of inflammatory diseases and, more importantly, shed light on the role of a core signaling pathway in the circulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalie Zelikson
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shaina Ben
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Michal Caspi
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Raneen Tarabe
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yonatan Shaleve
- Department of Medicine F, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel
- Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Yael Pri-Paz Basson
- Rheumatology Unit, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel
- Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Oshrat Tayer-Shifman
- Rheumatology Unit, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel
- Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Elad Goldberg
- Department of Medicine F, Rabin Medical Center, Beilinson Hospital, Petah Tikva, Israel
- Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Shaye Kivity
- Rheumatology Unit, Meir Medical Center, Kfar Saba, Israel
- Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel
| | - Rina Rosin-Arbesfeld
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medical & Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
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Pan Q, Chen C, Yang YJ. Top Five Stories of the Cellular Landscape and Therapies of Atherosclerosis: Current Knowledge and Future Perspectives. Curr Med Sci 2024; 44:1-27. [PMID: 38057537 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-023-2818-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis (AS) is characterized by impairment and apoptosis of endothelial cells, continuous systemic and focal inflammation and dysfunction of vascular smooth muscle cells, which is documented as the traditional cellular paradigm. However, the mechanisms appear much more complicated than we thought since a bulk of studies on efferocytosis, transdifferentiation and novel cell death forms such as ferroptosis, pyroptosis, and extracellular trap were reported. Discovery of novel pathological cellular landscapes provides a large number of therapeutic targets. On the other side, the unsatisfactory therapeutic effects of current treatment with lipid-lowering drugs as the cornerstone also restricts the efforts to reduce global AS burden. Stem cell- or nanoparticle-based strategies spurred a lot of attention due to the attractive therapeutic effects and minimized adverse effects. Given the complexity of pathological changes of AS, attempts to develop an almighty medicine based on single mechanisms could be theoretically challenging. In this review, the top stories in the cellular landscapes during the initiation and progression of AS and the therapies were summarized in an integrated perspective to facilitate efforts to develop a multi-targets strategy and fill the gap between mechanism research and clinical translation. The future challenges and improvements were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Cheng Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China
| | - Yue-Jin Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Disease, Department of Cardiology, Fuwai Hospital, National Center for Cardiovascular Diseases, Chinese Academy of Medical Science and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100037, China.
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Kang JH, Kawano T, Murata M, Toita R. Vascular calcification and cellular signaling pathways as potential therapeutic targets. Life Sci 2024; 336:122309. [PMID: 38042282 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/04/2023]
Abstract
Increased vascular calcification (VC) is observed in patients with cardiovascular diseases such as atherosclerosis, diabetes, and chronic kidney disease. VC is divided into three types according to its location: intimal, medial, and valvular. Various cellular signaling pathways are associated with VC, including the Wnt, mitogen-activated protein kinase, phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase/Akt, cyclic nucleotide-dependent protein kinase, protein kinase C, calcium/calmodulin-dependent kinase II, adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase/mammalian target of rapamycin, Ras homologous GTPase, apoptosis, Notch, and cytokine signaling pathways. In this review, we discuss the literature concerning the key cellular signaling pathways associated with VC and their role as potential therapeutic targets. Inhibitors to these pathways represent good candidates for use as potential therapeutic agents for the prevention and treatment of VC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Hun Kang
- National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 6-1 Shinmachi, Kishibe, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan.
| | - Takahito Kawano
- Center for Advanced Medical Innovation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masaharu Murata
- Center for Advanced Medical Innovation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Riki Toita
- Biomedical Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-8-31 Midorigaoka, Ikeda, Osaka, 563-8577, Japan; AIST-Osaka University Advanced Photonics and Biosensing Open Innovation Laboratory, AIST, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan
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4
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Chen Y, Mehmood K, Chang YF, Tang Z, Li Y, Zhang H. The molecular mechanisms of glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis regulating chondrogenesis and endochondral ossification. Life Sci 2023; 335:122243. [PMID: 37949211 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.122243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Disorders of chondrocyte differentiation and endochondral osteogenesis are major underlying factors in skeletal developmental disorders, including tibial dysplasia (TD), osteoarthritis (OA), chondrodysplasia (ACH), and multiple epiphyseal dysplasia (MED). Understanding the cellular and molecular pathogenesis of these disorders is crucial for addressing orthopedic diseases resulting from impaired glycosaminoglycan synthesis. Glycosaminoglycan is a broad term that refers to the glycan component of proteoglycan macromolecules. It is an essential component of the cartilage extracellular matrix and plays a vital role in various biological processes, including gene transcription, signal transduction, and chondrocyte differentiation. Recent studies have demonstrated that glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis plays a regulatory role in chondrocyte differentiation and endochondral osteogenesis by modulating various growth factors and signaling molecules. For instance, glycosaminoglycan is involved in mediating pathways such as Wnt, TGF-β, FGF, Ihh-PTHrP, and O-GlcNAc glycosylation, interacting with transcription factors SOX9, BMPs, TGF-β, and Runx2 to regulate chondrocyte differentiation and endochondral osteogenesis. To propose innovative approaches for addressing orthopedic diseases caused by impaired glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, we conducted a comprehensive review of the molecular mechanisms underlying chondrocyte glycosaminoglycan biosynthesis, which regulates chondrocyte differentiation and endochondral osteogenesis. Our analysis considers the role of genes, glycoproteins, and associated signaling pathways during chondrogenesis and endochondral ossification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongjian Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Khalid Mehmood
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Yung-Fu Chang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Zhaoxin Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Ying Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China.
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Song Y, Ma Y, Zhang K, Zhang W, Xiong G, Qi T, Shi J, Qiu H, Zhang J, Han F, Kan C, Sun X. Secreted frizzled-related protein 5: A promising therapeutic target for metabolic diseases via regulation of Wnt signaling. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 677:70-76. [PMID: 37549604 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023]
Abstract
Metabolic diseases pose a significant global health challenge, characterized by an imbalance in metabolism and resulting in various complications. Secreted frizzled-related protein 5 (SFRP5), an adipokine known for its anti-inflammatory properties, has gained attention as a promising therapeutic target for metabolic diseases. SFRP5 acts as a key regulator in the Wnt signaling pathway, exerting its influence on critical cellular functions including proliferation, differentiation, and migration. Its significance extends to the realm of adipose tissue biology, where it plays a central role in regulating inflammation, insulin resistance, adipogenesis, lipid metabolism, glucose homeostasis, and energy balance. By inhibiting Wnt signaling, SFRP5 facilitates adipocyte growth, promotes lipid accumulation, and contributes to a decrease in oxidative metabolism. Lifestyle interventions and pharmacological treatments have shown promise in increasing SFRP5 levels and protecting against metabolic abnormalities. SFRP5 is a pivotal player in metabolic diseases and presents itself as a promising therapeutic target. An overview of SFRP5 and its involvement in metabolic disorders and metabolism is provided in this comprehensive review. By elucidating these aspects, valuable insights can be gained to foster the development of effective strategies in combating metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Song
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Yujie Ma
- Department of Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261053, China
| | - Kexin Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Wenqiang Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China; Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Guoji Xiong
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Tongbing Qi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Junfeng Shi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Hongyan Qiu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Jingwen Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Fang Han
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China; Department of Pathology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China
| | - Chengxia Kan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China.
| | - Xiaodong Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, 261031, China.
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6
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Luo J, He Z, Li Q, Lv M, Cai Y, Ke W, Niu X, Zhang Z. Adipokines in atherosclerosis: unraveling complex roles. Front Cardiovasc Med 2023; 10:1235953. [PMID: 37645520 PMCID: PMC10461402 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1235953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2023] [Accepted: 08/02/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipokines are biologically active factors secreted by adipose tissue that act on local and distant tissues through autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine mechanisms. However, adipokines are believed to be involved in an increased risk of atherosclerosis. Classical adipokines include leptin, adiponectin, and ceramide, while newly identified adipokines include visceral adipose tissue-derived serpin, omentin, and asprosin. New evidence suggests that adipokines can play an essential role in atherosclerosis progression and regression. Here, we summarize the complex roles of various adipokines in atherosclerosis lesions. Representative protective adipokines include adiponectin and neuregulin 4; deteriorating adipokines include leptin, resistin, thrombospondin-1, and C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein 5; and adipokines with dual protective and deteriorating effects include C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein 1 and C1q/tumor necrosis factor-related protein 3; and adipose tissue-derived bioactive materials include sphingosine-1-phosphate, ceramide, and adipose tissue-derived exosomes. However, the role of a newly discovered adipokine, asprosin, in atherosclerosis remains unclear. This article reviews progress in the research on the effects of adipokines in atherosclerosis and how they may be regulated to halt its progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Luo
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhiwei He
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingwen Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Mengna Lv
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yuli Cai
- Department of Endocrinology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wei Ke
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Xuan Niu
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zhaohui Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Awadalla A, Hamam ET, El-Senduny FF, Omar NM, Mahdi MR, Barakat N, Ammar OA, Hussein AM, Shokeir AA, Khirallah SM. Zinc oxide nanoparticles and spironolactone-enhanced Nrf2/HO-1 pathway and inhibited Wnt/β-catenin pathway in adenine-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Redox Rep 2022; 27:249-258. [DOI: 10.1080/13510002.2022.2139947] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Amira Awadalla
- Center of Excellence for Genome and Cancer Research, Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Eman T. Hamam
- Center of Excellence for Genome and Cancer Research, Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Fardous F. El-Senduny
- Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- Department of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine, Sylvester Comprehensive Cancer Center, Miami, FL, USA
| | - Nisreen Mansour Omar
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mohamed R. Mahdi
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Nashwa Barakat
- Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Omar A. Ammar
- Basic Science Department, Delta University for Science and Technology, Gamasa, Egypt
| | - Abdelaziz M. Hussein
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ahmed A. Shokeir
- Center of Excellence for Genome and Cancer Research, Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Salma M. Khirallah
- Biochemistry Division, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
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Li C, Wang Q, Qing Y, Ma L, Wang W, Chen J, Yu J. Rho kinase inhibition on renal remodeling in an apatinib-induced hypertensive rat model. J Hypertens 2022; 40:1838-40. [PMID: 35943108 DOI: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000003184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Ren SC, Mao N, Yi S, Ma X, Zou JQ, Tang X, Fan JM. Vascular Calcification in Chronic Kidney Disease: An Update and Perspective. Aging Dis 2022; 13:673-697. [PMID: 35656113 PMCID: PMC9116919 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2021.1024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 10/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic kidney disease is a devastating condition resulting from irreversible loss of nephron numbers and function and leading to end-stage renal disease and mineral disorders. Vascular calcification, an ectopic deposition of calcium-phosphate salts in blood vessel walls and heart valves, is an independent risk factor of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in chronic kidney disease. Moreover, aging and related metabolic disorders are essential risk factors for chronic kidney disease and vascular calcification. Marked progress has been recently made in understanding and treating vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease. However, there is a paucity of systematic reviews summarizing this progress, and investigating unresolved issues is warranted. In this systematic review, we aimed to overview the underlying mechanisms of vascular calcification in chronic kidney diseases and discuss the impact of chronic kidney disease on the pathophysiology of vascular calcification. Additionally, we summarized potential clinical diagnostic biomarkers and therapeutic applications for vascular calcification with chronic kidney disease. This review may offer new insights into the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapeutic intervention of vascular calcification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Si-Chong Ren
- Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China.
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China.
- Center for Translational Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
| | - Nan Mao
- Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China.
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China.
| | - Si Yi
- Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China.
- Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China.
| | - Xin Ma
- Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China.
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China.
| | - Jia-Qiong Zou
- Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China.
- Department of Nephrology, First Affiliated Hospital of Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China.
| | - Xiaoqiang Tang
- Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children of Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun-Ming Fan
- Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu, China.
- Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics of Sichuan Province, Chengdu, China.
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Zhang F, Guo X, Xia Y, Mao L. An update on the phenotypic switching of vascular smooth muscle cells in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. Cell Mol Life Sci 2021; 79:6. [PMID: 34936041 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-021-04079-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) are involved in phenotypic switching in atherosclerosis. This switching is characterized by VSMC dedifferentiation, migration, and transdifferentiation into other cell types. VSMC phenotypic transitions have historically been considered bidirectional processes. Cells can adopt a physiological contraction phenotype or an alternative "synthetic" phenotype in response to injury. However, recent studies, including lineage tracing and single-cell sequencing studies, have shown that VSMCs downregulate contraction markers during atherosclerosis while adopting other phenotypes, including macrophage-like, foam cell, mesenchymal stem-like, myofibroblast-like, and osteochondral-like phenotypes. However, the molecular mechanism and processes regulating the switching of VSMCs at the onset of atherosclerosis are still unclear. This systematic review aims to review the critical outstanding challenges and issues that need further investigation and summarize the current knowledge in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Zhang
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Xiaoqing Guo
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Yuanpeng Xia
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Ling Mao
- Department of Neurology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
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Jung HN, Jung CH. The Role of Anti-Inflammatory Adipokines in Cardiometabolic Disorders: Moving beyond Adiponectin. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413529. [PMID: 34948320 PMCID: PMC8707770 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Revised: 12/09/2021] [Accepted: 12/13/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The global burden of obesity has multiplied owing to its rapidly growing prevalence and obesity-related morbidity and mortality. In addition to the classic role of depositing extra energy, adipose tissue actively interferes with the metabolic balance by means of secreting bioactive compounds called adipokines. While most adipokines give rise to inflammatory conditions, the others with anti-inflammatory properties have been the novel focus of attention for the amelioration of cardiometabolic complications. This review compiles the current evidence on the roles of anti-inflammatory adipokines, namely, adiponectin, vaspin, the C1q/TNF-related protein (CTRP) family, secreted frizzled-related protein 5 (SFRP5), and omentin-1 on cardiometabolic health. Further investigations on the mechanism of action and prospective human trials may pave the way to their clinical application as innovative biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cardiovascular and metabolic disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Na Jung
- Asan Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea;
- Asan Diabetes Center, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea
| | - Chang Hee Jung
- Asan Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul 05505, Korea;
- Asan Diabetes Center, Asan Medical Center, Seoul 05505, Korea
- Correspondence:
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Deng D, Han X, Diao Z, Liu W. Secreted Frizzled-Related Protein 5 Ameliorates Vascular Calcification in a Rat Model of Chronic Kidney Disease through the Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway. Kidney Blood Press Res 2021; 46:758-767. [PMID: 34469882 DOI: 10.1159/000517095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2021] [Accepted: 05/07/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Vascular calcification (VC) is highly prevalent and a major cardiovascular risk factor in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Secreted frizzled-related protein 5 (SFRP5), an inhibitor of the Wnt pathway, is an adipokine with a positive effect on metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Our previous in vitro study showed that SFRP5 attenuates high phosphate-induced calcification in vascular smooth muscle cells by inhibiting the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Therefore, we hypothesized that SFRP5 may protect against CKD-associated VC (CKD-VC) through the same signalling. METHODS The rat model of CKD with VC was induced by 0.75% adenine combined with 1.8% high phosphate diet, which were administered with adenovirus vectors of SFRP5. We evaluated the SFRP5 effect on VC by von Kossa staining and calcium content analysis and osteogenic markers by immunohistochemistry and Western blot. The components of Wnt/ß-catenin signalling were also evaluated. RESULTS SFRP5 local and serum levels were significantly decreased in the CKD-VC rat model compared with the control group. Adenovirus-mediated overexpression of SFRP5 significantly inhibited VC, which was due to suppression of CKD-induced expression of calcification and osteoblastic markers. Additionally, SFRP5 abrogated activation of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway that plays a major role in the pathogenesis of VC. The specificity of SFRP5 for inhibition of VC was confirmed using an empty adenovirus as a control. CONCLUSION Our results suggest that SFRP5 ameliorates VC of CKD rats by inhibiting the expression of calcification and osteoblastic markers as well as the Wnt/β-catenin pathway. Collectively, this study suggests that SFRP5 is a potential therapeutic target in CKD-VC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dai Deng
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Faculty of Kidney Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xue Han
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Faculty of Kidney Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zongli Diao
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Faculty of Kidney Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Wenhu Liu
- Department of Nephrology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Faculty of Kidney Diseases, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Reinhold S, Blankesteijn WM, Foulquier S. The Interplay of WNT and PPARγ Signaling in Vascular Calcification. Cells 2020; 9:cells9122658. [PMID: 33322009 PMCID: PMC7763279 DOI: 10.3390/cells9122658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 12/04/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Vascular calcification (VC), the ectopic deposition of calcium phosphate crystals in the vessel wall, is one of the primary contributors to cardiovascular death. The pathology of VC is determined by vascular topography, pre-existing diseases, and our genetic heritage. VC evolves from inflammation, mediated by macrophages, and from the osteochondrogenic transition of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC) in the atherosclerotic plaque. This pathologic transition partly resembles endochondral ossification, involving the chronologically ordered activation of the β-catenin-independent and -dependent Wingless and Int-1 (WNT) pathways and the termination of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) signal transduction. Several atherosclerotic plaque studies confirmed the differential activity of PPARγ and the WNT signaling pathways in VC. Notably, the actively regulated β-catenin-dependent and -independent WNT signals increase the osteochondrogenic transformation of VSMC through the up-regulation of the osteochondrogenic transcription factors SRY-box transcription factor 9 (SOX9) and runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2). In addition, we have reported studies showing that WNT signaling pathways may be antagonized by PPARγ activation via the expression of different families of WNT inhibitors and through its direct interaction with β-catenin. In this review, we summarize the existing knowledge on WNT and PPARγ signaling and their interplay during the osteochondrogenic differentiation of VSMC in VC. Finally, we discuss knowledge gaps on this interplay and its possible clinical impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Reinhold
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Institute (CARIM), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands; (S.R.); (W.M.B.)
| | - W. Matthijs Blankesteijn
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Institute (CARIM), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands; (S.R.); (W.M.B.)
| | - Sébastien Foulquier
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Cardiovascular Research Institute (CARIM), Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands; (S.R.); (W.M.B.)
- Department of Neurology, School of Mental Health and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +31-433881409
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