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Rodríguez-Pólit C, Gonzalez-Pastor R, Heredia-Moya J, Carrera-Pacheco SE, Castillo-Solis F, Vallejo-Imbaquingo R, Barba-Ostria C, Guamán LP. Chemical Properties and Biological Activity of Bee Pollen. Molecules 2023; 28:7768. [PMID: 38067498 PMCID: PMC10708394 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Pollen, a remarkably versatile natural compound collected by bees for its abundant source of proteins and nutrients, represents a rich reservoir of diverse bioactive compounds with noteworthy chemical and therapeutic potential. Its extensive biological effects have been known and exploited since ancient times. Today, there is an increased interest in finding natural compounds against oxidative stress, a factor that contributes to various diseases. Recent research has unraveled a multitude of biological activities associated with bee pollen, ranging from antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and antifungal properties to potential antiviral and anticancer applications. Comprehending the extensive repertoire of biological properties across various pollen sources remains challenging. By investigating a spectrum of pollen types and their chemical composition, this review produces an updated analysis of the bioactive constituents and the therapeutic prospects they offer. This review emphasizes the necessity for further exploration and standardization of diverse pollen sources and bioactive compounds that could contribute to the development of innovative therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Rodríguez-Pólit
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica (CENBIO), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito 170527, Ecuador; (R.G.-P.); (J.H.-M.); (S.E.C.-P.); (F.C.-S.)
- Centro de Referencia Nacional de Genómica, Secuenciación y Bioinformática, Instituto Nacional de Investigación en Salud Pública “Leopoldo Izquieta Pérez”, Quito 170403, Ecuador;
- Escuela de Salud Pública, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito 170527, Ecuador
| | - Rebeca Gonzalez-Pastor
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica (CENBIO), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito 170527, Ecuador; (R.G.-P.); (J.H.-M.); (S.E.C.-P.); (F.C.-S.)
| | - Jorge Heredia-Moya
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica (CENBIO), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito 170527, Ecuador; (R.G.-P.); (J.H.-M.); (S.E.C.-P.); (F.C.-S.)
| | - Saskya E. Carrera-Pacheco
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica (CENBIO), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito 170527, Ecuador; (R.G.-P.); (J.H.-M.); (S.E.C.-P.); (F.C.-S.)
| | - Fabián Castillo-Solis
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica (CENBIO), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito 170527, Ecuador; (R.G.-P.); (J.H.-M.); (S.E.C.-P.); (F.C.-S.)
| | - Roberto Vallejo-Imbaquingo
- Departamento de Estudios Organizacionales y Desarrollo Humano DESODEH, Facultad de Ciencias Administrativas, Escuela Politécnica Nacional, Quito 170525, Ecuador;
| | - Carlos Barba-Ostria
- Escuela de Medicina, Colegio de Ciencias de la Salud Quito, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito 170901, Ecuador;
- Instituto de Microbiología, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Quito 170901, Ecuador
| | - Linda P. Guamán
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica (CENBIO), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud Eugenio Espejo, Universidad UTE, Quito 170527, Ecuador; (R.G.-P.); (J.H.-M.); (S.E.C.-P.); (F.C.-S.)
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Birse N, Burns DT, Walker MJ, Quaglia M, Elliott CT. Food allergen analysis: A review of current gaps and the potential to fill them by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2023; 22:3984-4003. [PMID: 37530543 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023]
Abstract
Food allergy remains a public health, business, and regulatory challenge. Risk analysis (RA) and risk management (RM) of food allergens are of great importance and analysis for food allergens is necessary for both. The current workhorse techniques for allergen analysis (enzyme linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA] and real-time polymerase chain reaction) exhibit recognized challenges including variable and antibody specific responses and detection of species DNA rather than allergen protein, respectively. Liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) enables protein identification, with potential for multiplex analysis and traceability to the System of International units (SI), aiding global measurement standardization. In this review, recent literature has been systematically reviewed to assess progress in LC-MS/MS and define the potential and benefits of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time-of-flight MS (MALDI-ToF-MS) technology for allergen analysis. MALDI-ToF-MS of initially intact protein is already applied to verify in silico-derived peptide sequences for LC-MS/MS analysis. We describe the origins of MALDI and its future perspectives, including affinity bead-assisted assays coupled to MALDI. Based on the proliferation of reliable and reproducible MALDI-based clinical applications, the technique should emulate the detection capability (sensitivity) of established allergen detection techniques, whilst reducing technical support and having equivalent multiplexing potential to competing techniques, for example, LC-MS/MS and ELISA. Although unlikely to offer inherent SI traceability, MALDI-based allergen analysis will complement existing MS approaches for allergens. Affinity bead-MALDI appears capable of higher throughput at lower cost per sample than almost any existing technique, enabling repeated sub-sampling as a way to reduce representative sampling issues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Birse
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Duncan Thorburn Burns
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | - Michael J Walker
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
| | | | - Christopher T Elliott
- Institute for Global Food Security, School of Biological Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK
- School of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Thammasat University (Rangsit Campus), Khlong Luang, Pathum Thani, Thailand
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Zheng H, Sun Y, Zeng Y, Zheng T, Jia F, Xu P, Xu Y, Cao Y, He K, Yang Y. Effects of Four Extraction Methods on Structure and In Vitro Fermentation Characteristics of Soluble Dietary Fiber from Rape Bee Pollen. Molecules 2023; 28:4800. [PMID: 37375355 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, soluble dietary fibers (SDFs) were extracted from rape bee pollen using four methods including acid extraction (AC), alkali extraction (AL), cellulase extraction (CL) and complex enzyme extraction (CE). The effects of different extraction methods on the structure of SDFs and in vitro fermentation characteristics were further investigated. The results showed that the four extraction methods significantly affected the monosaccharide composition molar ratio, molecular weight, surface microstructure and phenolic compounds content, but showed little effect on the typical functional groups and crystal structure. In addition, all SDFs decreased the Firmicutes/Bacteroidota ratio, promoted the growth of beneficial bacteria such as Bacteroides, Parabacteroides and Phascolarctobacterium, inhibited the growth of pathogenic bacteria such as Escherichia-Shigella, and increased the total short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) concentrations by 1.63-2.45 times, suggesting that the bee pollen SDFs had a positive regulation on gut microbiota. Notably, the SDF obtained by CE exhibited the largest molecular weight, a relatively loose structure, higher extraction yield and phenolic compounds content and the highest SCFA concentration. Overall, our results indicated that CE was an appropriate extraction method of high-quality bee pollen SDF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Zheng
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Yan Sun
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Yiqiong Zeng
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Tao Zheng
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Fan Jia
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Pan Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Yao Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Yuxin Cao
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Kai He
- School of Pharmaceutical Science, Hunan University of Medicine, Huaihua 418000, China
| | - Yong Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410000, China
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Kacemi R, Campos MG. Translational Research on Bee Pollen as a Source of Nutrients: A Scoping Review from Bench to Real World. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15102413. [PMID: 37242296 DOI: 10.3390/nu15102413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/15/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The emphasis on healthy nutrition is gaining a forefront place in current biomedical sciences. Nutritional deficiencies and imbalances have been widely demonstrated to be involved in the genesis and development of many world-scale public health burdens, such as metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. In recent years, bee pollen is emerging as a scientifically validated candidate, which can help diminish conditions through nutritional interventions. This matrix is being extensively studied, and has proven to be a very rich and well-balanced nutrient pool. In this work, we reviewed the available evidence on the interest in bee pollen as a nutrient source. We mainly focused on bee pollen richness in nutrients and its possible roles in the main pathophysiological processes that are directly linked to nutritional imbalances. This scoping review analyzed scientific works published in the last four years, focusing on the clearest inferences and perspectives to translate cumulated experimental and preclinical evidence into clinically relevant insights. The promising uses of bee pollen for malnutrition, digestive health, metabolic disorders, and other bioactivities which could be helpful to readjust homeostasis (as it is also true in the case of anti-inflammatory or anti-oxidant needs), as well as the benefits on cardiovascular diseases, were identified. The current knowledge gaps were identified, along with the practical challenges that hinder the establishment and fructification of these uses. A complete data collection made with a major range of botanical species allows more robust clinical information.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachid Kacemi
- Observatory of Drug-Herb Interactions, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Heath Sciences Campus, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
| | - Maria G Campos
- Observatory of Drug-Herb Interactions, Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Coimbra, Heath Sciences Campus, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, 3000-548 Coimbra, Portugal
- Coimbra Chemistry Centre (CQC, FCT Unit 313), Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Coimbra, Rua Larga, 3004-516 Coimbra, Portugal
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