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Hassan HM, El-Gamal R, Hamed WHE, Habotta OA, Samy M, Elmowafy R, ElNashar EM, Alghamdi MA, Aldahhan RA, Al-Khater KM, Alshehri MA, Ahmed ME. Potential role for vitamin D vs. intermittent fasting in controlling aquaporin-1 and aquaporin-3 expression in HFD-induced urinary bladder alterations in rats. Front Mol Biosci 2024; 10:1306523. [PMID: 38357327 PMCID: PMC10866000 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2023.1306523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: High-fat diet-induced obesity is linked to suppression of aquaporins (AQPs) expression in different tissues. Both vitamin D and intermittent fasting were identified to enhance AQPs expression. In the urinary bladder, AQP-1 and AQP-3 mRNA transcripts were identified. Vitamin D has an impact on a variety of genes that encode proteins that control cell proliferation, differentiation, and death. Aim: To assess potential benefits of vitamin D and intermittent fasting (IF) and to explore alterations to the urinary bladder triggered by high-fat diet (HFD) in a rat model of obesity. Methods: Each of the 4 groups contained six adult male albino rats; control: a standard rodent chew for 12 weeks, HFD: HFD and fructose were administered orally via gastric gavage for 12 weeks, and vitamin D: HFD and fructose were administered orally for 8 weeks, then 4 weeks of intraperitoneal injection of vitamin D (5 microns/Kg/2 days) and IF group: Received intraperitoneal injections of vitamin D (5 microns/Kg/2 days) for 4 weeks after consumption of HFD and fructose orally for 8 weeks. The serum lipid profile was conducted at end of the experiment. In the bladder homogenates, the levels of oxidative stress indicators were assessed. Quantitative real-time PCR was performed on recently collected bladder samples. AQP-1 and AQP-3 immunohistochemistry was done. Results: When compared to the HFD group, the vitamin D and IF groups both demonstrated a substantial improvement in histopathological, immunohistochemical, biochemical, and molecular markers. Conclusion: In all examined parameters, IF exceeded vitamin D as a preventive factor for the urinary bladder deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hend M. Hassan
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, New Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Randa El-Gamal
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
- Medical Experimental Research Centre (MERC), Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Walaa. H. E. Hamed
- Department of Medical Histology and Cell Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University and New Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ola Ali Habotta
- Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mervat Samy
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Rasha Elmowafy
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Eman Mohamed ElNashar
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mansour Abdullah Alghamdi
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
- Genomics and Personalized Medicine Unit, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Rashid A. Aldahhan
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khulood Mohammed Al-Khater
- Department of Anatomy, College of Medicine, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A. Alshehri
- Nephrology Section, Internal Medicine Department, College of Medicine, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Magda E. Ahmed
- Department of Human Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Smolensky I, Zajac-Bakri K, Odermatt TS, Brégère C, Cryan JF, Guzman R, Timper K, Inta D. Sex-specific differences in metabolic hormone and adipose tissue dynamics induced by moderate low-carbohydrate and ketogenic diet. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16465. [PMID: 37777528 PMCID: PMC10542803 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43587-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Accepted: 09/26/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Low-carbohydrates diets are increasingly used to treat obesity and metabolic disorders. A very low-carbohydrate, ketogenic diet is hard to follow and, due to the very high fat content, linked to severe side effects, like hyperlipidemia and atherogenesis. Therefore, a less restrictive, unsaturated fat-based low-carbohydrate diet appears as a promising alternative. Since neither sex differences, nor their effect on specific metabolic hormones and adipose tissue compartments have been investigated thoroughly in these diets, we aimed to analyze their dynamics and metabolic factors in mice. We found a significant sexual dimorphism with decreased body weight and subcutaneous fat only in males on ketogenic diet, while diminished insulin, elevated ghrelin and FGF-21 were present with a differential time course in both sexes. The non-ketogenic moderate low-carbohydrate diet increased body weight and perigonadal fat in females, but induced leptin elevation in males. Both diets enhanced transiently TNFɑ only in males and had no impact on behavior. Altogether, these results reveal complex sex-dependent effect of dietary interventions, indicating unexpectedly females as more prone to unfavorable metabolic effects of low-carbohydrate diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya Smolensky
- Department of Community Health, University of Fribourg, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland.
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4056, Basel, Switzerland.
| | - Kilian Zajac-Bakri
- Department of Community Health, University of Fribourg, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Catherine Brégère
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - John F Cryan
- Department of Anatomy and Neuroscience, University College Cork, Cork, T12TP07, Ireland
- APC Microbiome Ireland, University College Cork, Cork, T12TP07, Ireland
| | - Raphael Guzman
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital Basel, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Katharina Timper
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
- Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Clinic, University Hospital Basel, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Dragos Inta
- Department of Community Health, University of Fribourg, 1700, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, 4056, Basel, Switzerland
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Rajizadeh MA, Moslemizadeh A, Hosseini MS, Rafiei F, Soltani Z, Khoramipour K. Adiponectin receptor 1 could explain the sex differences in molecular basis of cognitive improvements induced by exercise training in type 2 diabetic rats. Sci Rep 2023; 13:16267. [PMID: 37758935 PMCID: PMC10533546 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-43519-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Adipokines dysregulation, the main reason for cognitive impairments (CI) induced by diabetes, shows a sex-dependent pattern inherently and in response to exercise. This study aimed to compare the attenuating effect of 8-week high intensity-interval training (HIIT) on type 2 diabetes (T2D)-induced CI between male and female rats with a special focus on adiponectin and leptin. 28 male & 28 female Wistar rats with an average age of 8 weeks were randomly assigned into four groups: control (Con), exercise (EX), Diabetes (T2D), and Type 2 diabetes + exercise (T2D + Ex). Rats in EX and T2D + EX groups performed HIIT for eight weeks (80-100% Vmax, 4-10 intervals). T2D was induced by 2 months of a high-fat diet and a single dose of STZ (35 mg/kg) administration. Leptin and adiponectin levels in serum were measured along with hippocampal expression of leptin and adiponectin receptors, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), dephosphorylated glycogen synthase kinase-3 beta (Dep-GSK3β), Tau, and beta-amyloid (Aβ). Homeostasis model assessments (HOMAs) and quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index (QUICKI) indices were calculated. Our results showed that following T2D, serum levels of APN, and hippocampal levels of adiponectin receptor 1 (APNR1) were higher and HOMA-IR was lower in female than male rats (P < 0.05). However, after 8 weeks of HIIT, hippocampal levels of APNR1 and AMPK as well as QUICKI were lower and hippocampal levels of GSK, Tau, and Aβ were higher in females compared to male rats (P < 0.05). While the risk of CI following T2D was more in male than female rats HIIT showed a more ameliorating effect in male animals with APN1 as the main player.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Amin Rajizadeh
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
- Physiology Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | | | - Mahdieh Sadat Hosseini
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Forouzan Rafiei
- Health Solutions, College of (CHS), Arizona State University, Phoenix, AZ, USA
| | - Zahra Soltani
- Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Institute of Basic and Clinical Physiology Sciences, Afzalipour Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran
| | - Kayvan Khoramipour
- Student Research Committee, Faculty of Medicine, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
- Neuroscience Research Center, Institute of Neuropharmacology, Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman, Iran.
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Ławniczak A, Wrońska A, Wierzbicki P, Kmieć Z. Aging and short-term calorie restriction differently affect the cardiac and skeletal muscle expression of genes regulating energy substrate utilization in male rats. Biogerontology 2022; 23:325-340. [PMID: 35606458 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-022-09965-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Aging affects the energy metabolism differently in the cardiac and skeletal muscles. The study aim was to assess the effects of short-term calorie restriction (SCR) and refeeding on the expression of genes involved in the control of cardiac and skeletal muscle energy metabolism in old vs. young male rats. Young (4 mo) and old (24 mo) rats were subjected to 60% SCR for 30 days, and refed ad libitum for 2 or 4 days. In the cardiac (CM) and skeletal muscles (SM) we compared the gene expression (qPCR) of carnitine palmitoyltransferase-I (Cpt-I), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor beta/delta (Ppar-β/δ), glucose transporter 4 (Glut4), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (Pgc-1α), and sirtuin 3 (Sirt3). In CM, aging increased Cpt-I expression but did not affect the other genes. In SM, Cpt-I, Glut4, Pgc-1α, and Sirt3 mRNA levels were lower in old than young rats. In CM of only young rats SCR increased Cpt-I expression which remained elevated after refeeding. Upon SCR, the expression of Ppar-β/δ, Glut4, Pgc-1α, and Sirt3 in CM increased in young but not old rats, and refeeding re-established control levels. In SM of young rats SCR increased Ppar-β/δ and Pgc-1α, and decreased Sirt3 expression, whereas refeeding generally decreased these mRNA levels. In SM of old rats SCR decreased only Pgc-1α expression. The adaptive response to SCR and subsequent refeeding is muscle tissue-specific and differs in young and old male rats. SCR appears to increase the efficiency of glucose and fatty acid utilization in the cardiac muscle of young, but not old male rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Ławniczak
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Agata Wrońska
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland.
| | - Piotr Wierzbicki
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland
| | - Zbigniew Kmieć
- Department of Histology, Faculty of Medicine, Medical University of Gdańsk, Dębinki 1, 80-211, Gdańsk, Poland
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Raji-Amirhasani A, Khaksari M, Shahrokhi N, Soltani Z, Nazari-Robati M, Mahani FD, Hajializadeh Z, Sabet N. Comparison of the effects of different dietary regimens on susceptibility to experimental acute kidney injury: the role of SIRT1 and TGF-β1. Nutrition 2022; 96:111588. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2022.111588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/29/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Rahimi F, Pasdar Y, Kaviani M, Abbasi S, Fry H, Hekmatdoost A, Nikpayam O, Sohrab G, Rezaei M, Nachvak SM, Mohammadi R. Efficacy of the Synbiotic Supplementation on the Metabolic Factors in Patients with Metabolic Syndrome: A Randomized, Triple-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial. Int J Clin Pract 2022; 2022:2967977. [PMID: 35685524 PMCID: PMC9159159 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2967977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metabolic syndrome is overwhelmingly increasing and is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disorder, so effective treatment strategies are considered high priority. This study aimed to determine the effects of synbiotic supplementation on metabolic factors in patients with metabolic syndrome. METHODS In this triple-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, clinical trial, 108 participants were divided into two groups to receive synbiotic supplementation or placebo for 12 weeks. All participants were also educated about maintaining a healthy lifestyle and consuming low-calorie nutritious meals, along with dietary intake and physical activity monitoring. Anthropometric measures, blood pressure, glycemic indices, lipid profile, hepatic enzymes, and hs-CRP were evaluated at the baseline and end of the trial. RESULTS Synbiotic supplementation significantly reduces fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels in the intervention group versus placebo group [-14.69 ± 15.11 mg/dl vs. -8.23 ± 7.90 mg/dl; p=0.007], but there was no difference between groups in other metabolic factors. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that synbiotic supplementation while following a healthy lifestyle and nutrition improved FBG in patients with metabolic syndrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Rahimi
- Nutritional Sciences Department, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Yahya Pasdar
- Nutritional Sciences Department, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mojtaba Kaviani
- School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS, Canada
| | - Soheil Abbasi
- Nutritional Sciences Department, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Hillary Fry
- School of Nutrition and Dietetics, Acadia University, Wolfville, NS, Canada
| | - Azita Hekmatdoost
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Omid Nikpayam
- Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
- Department of Clinical Nutrition, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Golbon Sohrab
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mansoaur Rezaei
- Department of Biostatistics, Medical School, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Seyed Mostafa Nachvak
- Nutritional Sciences Department, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Reza Mohammadi
- Food Sciences Department, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Liu Y, Sun P, Shuai P, Qiao Q, Li T. Fat-restricted low-glycemic index diet controls weight and improves blood lipid profile: A pilot study among overweight and obese adults in Southwest China. Medicine (Baltimore) 2021; 100:e26107. [PMID: 34032752 PMCID: PMC8154408 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000026107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Evidence from trials demonstrating the benefits and risks of low-glycemic index and fat-restricted diets in weight loss and blood lipid profile changes is unclear. This study aimed to assess the implemented and effects of a fat-restricted low-glycemic index diet on weight control and blood lipid profile changes in in overweight/obese Southwest Chinese individualst.This prospective pilot study enrolled overweight/obese subjects at the People's Hospital of Sichuan Province between February and July 2019. The daily energy intake was reduced by 300 to 500 kcal according to the participant's weight and activity level, with low-glycemic index carbohydrate- and fat-energy ratios < 45% and 25% to 30%, respectively. Participants received guidance for 3 months by telephone follow-up, internet interaction, or WeChat. Changes in weight, body composition, and blood profile were measured.A total of 254 patients were finally analyzed, including 101 males and 153 females. After adjusting for potential confounders, weight (P < .001), body mass index (P < .001), waist circumference (P < .001), waist-hip ratio (P < .001), body fat percentage (P < .001), visceral fat area (P < .001), basal metabolism (P = .002), cholesterol (P < .001), and triglycerides (P < .001) were significantly reduced after the 3-month intervention. The above indexes showed no significant differences between men and women.Regardless of gender, fat-restricted low-glycemic index diet might be helpful for controlling weight and lowering blood cholesterol and triglycerides in overweight/obese individuals in Southwest China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuping Liu
- Health Management Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Sun
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Ping Shuai
- Health Management Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Qichuan Qiao
- Health Management Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
| | - Tingxin Li
- Health Management Center, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Sichuan Translational Medicine Research Hospital, Chengdu, China
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Shemirani F, Golzarand M, Salari-Moghaddam A, Mahmoudi M. Effect of low-carbohydrate diet on adiponectin level in adults: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021; 62:3969-3978. [PMID: 33455438 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1871588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To the best of our knowledge, no previous study has reported findings on the effects of low-carbohydrate diet (LCD) on adiponectin concentration. OBJECTIVE The current systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis was carried out to systematically review the available controlled clinical trials about the effect of LCD on adiponectin level in adults. METHODS Literature searches of PubMed/Medline, Scopus and Web of Sciences were conducted up to August 2019. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) which assessed the effect of LCD on the adiponectin level were selected. RESULTS Eleven studies, including 1047 participants (LCD = 534 and control = 513), were included in the meta-analysis. Proportion of carbohydrate from calorie was from 4 to 34%. Time of the follow-up varied between studies and ranged from 6 to 152 weeks. LCD intake mildly but significantly increased adiponectin (0.02 µg/ml, 95% CI: 0.01 to 0.03, P < 0.001). Dose-response analysis indicated a nonlinear association between the percentage of carbohydrate and change in adiponectin level from baseline (P = 0.04). After subgroup analysis based on the proportion of carbohydrate from calorie, there was a significant increase in adiponectin concentration in studies that prescribed <30% of calorie from carbohydrates (0.12 µg/ml, 95% CI: 0.07-0.18). In contrast, diets which consisted ≥30% of carbohydrates had no significant effect on adiponectin (0.50 µg/ml, 95% CI: -0.46 to 1.48). Also, meta-regression analysis revealed that age (β = 0.04, P = 0.15), baseline BMI (β= -0.15, P = 0.15), time of follow-up (β = 0.01, P = 0.17), percentage of carbohydrates (β = 0.004, P = 0.90), percentage of protein (β= -0.12, P = 0.08), percentage of fat (β = 0.20, P = 0.61) and baseline adiponectin (β = 0.001, P = 0.97) are not sources of heterogeneity. CONCLUSION This systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrated a mild but significant effect of LCD on adiponectin concentration compared to control groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farnoosh Shemirani
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahdieh Golzarand
- Nutrition and Endocrine Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Asma Salari-Moghaddam
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Maryam Mahmoudi
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Hazzaa SM, Eldaim MAA, Fouda AA, Mohamed ASED, Soliman MM, Elgizawy EI. Intermittent Fasting Ameliorated High-Fat Diet-Induced Memory Impairment in Rats via Reducing Oxidative Stress and Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein Expression in Brain. Nutrients 2020; 13:nu13010010. [PMID: 33375195 PMCID: PMC7822208 DOI: 10.3390/nu13010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2020] [Revised: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Intermittent fasting (IF) plays an important role in the protection against metabolic syndrome-induced memory defects. This study aimed to assess the protective effects of both prophylactic and curative IF against high-fat diet (HFD)-induced memory defects in rats. The control group received a normal diet; the second group received a HFD; the third group was fed a HFD for 12 weeks and subjected to IF during the last four weeks (curative IF); the fourth group was fed a HFD and subjected to IF simultaneously (prophylactic IF). A high-fat diet significantly increased body weight, serum lipids levels, malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) and H score in brain tissue and altered memory performance. In addition, it significantly decreased reduced glutathione (GSH) concentration in brain tissue and viability and thickness of pyramidal and hippocampus granular cell layers. However, both types of IF significantly decreased body weight, serum lipids, GFAP protein expression and H score and MDA concentration in brain tissue, and improved memory performance, while it significantly increased GSH concentration in brain tissue, viability, and thickness of pyramidal and granular cell layers of the hippocampus. This study indicated that IF ameliorated HFD-induced memory disturbance and brain tissue damage and the prophylactic IF was more potent than curative IF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suzan M. Hazzaa
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebeen Elkom 32511, Egypt; (S.M.H.); (E.I.E.)
| | - Mabrouk A. Abd Eldaim
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary, Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebeen Elkom 32511, Egypt
- Correspondence:
| | - Amira A. Fouda
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebeen Elkom 32511, Egypt; (A.A.F.); (A.S.E.D.M.)
| | - Asmaa Shams El Dein Mohamed
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebeen Elkom 32511, Egypt; (A.A.F.); (A.S.E.D.M.)
| | - Mohamed Mohamed Soliman
- Clinical Laboratory Sciences Department, Turabah University College, Taif University, Taif 21995, Saudi Arabia;
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Benha University, Benha 13736, Egypt
| | - Eman I. Elgizawy
- Medical Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Menoufia University, Shebeen Elkom 32511, Egypt; (S.M.H.); (E.I.E.)
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Portero-Tresserra M, Rojic-Becker D, Vega-Carbajal C, Guillazo-Blanch G, Vale-Martínez A, Martí-Nicolovius M. Caloric restriction modulates the monoaminergic system and metabolic hormones in aged rats. Sci Rep 2020; 10:19299. [PMID: 33168891 PMCID: PMC7653031 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-76219-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Caloric restriction (CR) can attenuate the general loss of health observed during aging, being one of the mechanisms involved the reduction of hormonal alteration, such as insulin and leptin. This change could also prevent age-specific fluctuations in brain monoamines, although few studies have addressed the effects of CR on peripheral hormones and central neurotransmitters exhaustively. Therefore, the variations in brain monoamine levels and some peripheral hormones were assessed here in adult 4-month old and 24-month old male Wistar rats fed ad libitum (AL) or maintained on a 30% CR diet from four months of age. Noradrenaline (NA), dopamine (DA), serotonin (5-HT) and its metabolites were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (HPLC-ED) in nine brain regions: cerebellum, pons, midbrain, hypothalamus, thalamus, hippocampus, striatum, frontal cortex, and occipital cortex. In addition, the blood plasma levels of hormones like corticosterone, insulin and leptin were also evaluated, as were insulin-like growth factor 1 and other basal metabolic parameters using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs): cholesterol, glucose, triglycerides, albumin, low-density lipoprotein, calcium and high-density lipoprotein (HDLc). CR was seen to increase the NA levels that are altered by aging in specific brain regions like the striatum, thalamus, cerebellum and hypothalamus, and the DA levels in the striatum, as well as modifying the 5-HT levels in the striatum, hypothalamus, pons and hippocampus. Moreover, the insulin, leptin, calcium and HDLc levels in the blood were restored in old animals maintained on a CR diet. These results suggest that a dietary intervention like CR may have beneficial health effects, recovering some negative effects on peripheral hormones, metabolic parameters and brain monoamine concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Portero-Tresserra
- Departament de Psicobiologia i Metodologia de les Ciències de la Salut, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain.
| | - D Rojic-Becker
- Departament de Psicobiologia i Metodologia de les Ciències de la Salut, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C Vega-Carbajal
- Departament de Psicobiologia i Metodologia de les Ciències de la Salut, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - G Guillazo-Blanch
- Departament de Psicobiologia i Metodologia de les Ciències de la Salut, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A Vale-Martínez
- Departament de Psicobiologia i Metodologia de les Ciències de la Salut, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Martí-Nicolovius
- Departament de Psicobiologia i Metodologia de les Ciències de la Salut, Institut de Neurociències, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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11
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Abdel Maksoud H, Elharrif MG, Mohammed RR, Omnia M, El Sayed NE. Biochemical changes associated with low and very low calorie diets on lipid metabolism, iron profile and kidney function in obese rats. Clinical Nutrition Experimental 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.yclnex.2020.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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12
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Vidal A, Rios R, Pineda C, Lopez I, Rodriguez M, Aguilera-Tejero E, Raya AI. Effect of caloric restriction on phosphate metabolism and uremic vascular calcification. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 2020; 318:F1188-F1198. [PMID: 32249611 DOI: 10.1152/ajprenal.00009.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Caloric restriction (CR) is known to have multiple beneficial effects on health and longevity. To study the effect of CR on phosphorus metabolism and vascular calcification (VC), rats were fed normal or restricted calories (67% of normal). The phosphorus content of the diets was adjusted to provide equal phosphorus intake independent of the calories ingested. After 50 days of CR, rats had negative phosphorus balance, lower plasma phosphorus, glucose, triglycerides, and leptin, and higher adiponectin than rats fed normal calories. Uremia was induced by 5/6 nephrectomy (Nx). After Nx, rats were treated with calcitriol (80 ng/kg ip every other day) and high-phosphorus diets (1.2% and 1.8%). No differences in aortic calcium content were observed between rats that ate normal or restricted calories before Nx in either rats that received 1.2% phosphorus (11.5 ± 1.7 vs. 10.9 ± 2.1 mg/g tissue) or in rats that received 1.8% phosphorus (12.5 ± 2.3 vs. 12.0 ± 2.9 mg/g of tissue). However, mortality was significantly increased in rats subjected to CR before Nx in both the 1.2% phosphorus groups (75% vs. 25%, P = 0.019) and 1.8% phosphorus groups (100% vs. 45%, P < 0.001). After calcitriol administration was stopped and phosphorus intake was normalized, VC regressed rapidly, but no significant differences in aortic calcium were detected between rats that ate normal or restricted calories during the regression phase (5.7 ± 2.7 and 5.2 ± 1.5 mg/g tissue). In conclusion, CR did not prevent or ameliorate VC and increased mortality in uremic rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Vidal
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Cordoba, Campus Universitario Rabanales, Cordoba, Spain.,Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Rafael Rios
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Cordoba, Campus Universitario Rabanales, Cordoba, Spain.,Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Carmen Pineda
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Cordoba, Campus Universitario Rabanales, Cordoba, Spain.,Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Ignacio Lopez
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Cordoba, Campus Universitario Rabanales, Cordoba, Spain.,Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Mariano Rodriguez
- Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Escolastico Aguilera-Tejero
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Cordoba, Campus Universitario Rabanales, Cordoba, Spain.,Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
| | - Ana I Raya
- Department of Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Cordoba, Campus Universitario Rabanales, Cordoba, Spain.,Maimonides Biomedical Research Institute of Cordoba, Reina Sofia University Hospital, University of Cordoba, Cordoba, Spain
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13
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Inta D, Wölnerhanssen BK, Meyer-Gerspach AC, Lang E, Schweinfurth N, Mallien AS, Vasilescu AN, Schmidt A, Rea K, Westendorf AM, Tremblay MÈ, Sartorius A, Gass P, Cryan JF, Borgwardt S, Lang UE. Common Pathways in Depression and Obesity: The Role of Gut Microbiome and Diets. Curr Behav Neurosci Rep 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40473-020-00199-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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14
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Louala S, Lamri-Senhadji M. Beneficial Effects of Low-Calorie-Carbohydrate/High-Agar Diet on Cardiometabolic Disorders Associated with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Obese Rats. Prev Nutr Food Sci 2019; 24:400-409. [PMID: 31915635 PMCID: PMC6941718 DOI: 10.3746/pnf.2019.24.4.400] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Energy restriction and low carbohydrate diets are recommended as nutrition therapies to prevent becoming overweight or obese. However, their beneficial effects in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) are less well investigated. In addition, the effects of the type of polysaccharides incorporated into these diets and their contents have been scarcely studied. Therefore, this study aimed to elucidate whether low-calorie-carbohydrate high-agar diets could improve liver metabolic dysfunction, membrane fluidity, oxidative damage, and endothelial dysfunction in obese rats. Obesity was induced by feeding rats a high-fat diet (HFD) for 10 weeks. The obese rats were then divided into two homogenous groups: the first group was fed low-calorie-carbohydrate/high-agar diet (LCC/HA) and the second continued to consume the HFD for 4 weeks [obese control (Ob-C)]. Normo-ponderal rats were fed a normal diet during the entire study, and were used as the control (N-C). Compared with the Ob-C group, body weight, hepatic lipids, low density lipoproteins cholesterol (C), the non esterified cholesterol/phospholipids ratio, serum transaminases activities, and lipid peroxidation markers (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and lipid hydroperoxides) were reduced in LCC/HA group (P<0.05). However, the serum concentration of high density lipoproteins-C was enhanced (P<0.05). In addition, we observed improved antioxidant defence and endothelial dysfunction associated with antioxidant enzymes, such as superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase (P<0.05), and nitric oxide level (P<0.05). These findings suggest that hypocaloric diets low in energy and carbohydrates and rich in agar may be beneficial against HFD-induced hepatic steatosis damage, and may be a promising therapeutic strategy to counteract NAFLD development associated with obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrine Louala
- Laboratory of Clinical and Metabolic Nutrition (LNCM), Department Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University Oran 1, Oran 31100, Algeria
| | - Myriem Lamri-Senhadji
- Laboratory of Clinical and Metabolic Nutrition (LNCM), Department Biology, Faculty of Nature and Life Sciences, University Oran 1, Oran 31100, Algeria
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15
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Dastbarhagh H, Kargarfard M, Abedi H, Bambaeichi E, Nazarali P. Effects of food restriction and/or aerobic exercise on the GLUT4 in type 2 diabetic male rats. Int J Prev Med 2019; 10:139. [PMID: 31516680 PMCID: PMC6710916 DOI: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_383_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2017] [Accepted: 10/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The aim of present study was to compare the effects of negative energy balance with food restriction and/or aerobic exercise on the glucose, insulin, and GLUT4 levels in diabetic male rats. Methods Fifty-six 10-week old male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to seven groups: a non-diabetic (ND) group and six diabetic groups. After an infusion of type 2 diabetes, the diabetic groups were given labels as well, namely diabetic control (DC) group, exercise (Ex) group, food restriction with standard diet (FRSD) group, food restriction with low-carbohydrate diet (FRLCD) group, food restriction with standard diet combination in exercise (FRSDE) group, and food restriction with low-carbohydrate diet combination in exercise (FRLCDE) group. Further, to induce caloric restriction (CR), food intake was reduced by 20% and given to food restriction consists of both of (FRSD and FRLCD). Hundred percent food consumption for the Ex group was fixed, but instead, 20% of their energy intake in exercise was calculated, and time of daily exercise was determined. Finally, a combination of reduced food intake (10%) and exercise (10%) was applied in each group FRSDE and FRLCDE for 8 weeks. Results The results showed that type 2 diabetes inductions had reduced glucose, insulin, and GLUT4 gene expression compared to the ND group (P = 0.001). However, there were significant differences in GLUT4 gene expression between groups after 8 weeks of intervention (P = 0.001). A post hoc least significant difference test show that compared to DC group, GLUT4 gene expression level of Ex, FRSDE, and FRLCDE groups was significantly increased 47% (P = 0.004), 60% (P = 0.001), and 65% (P = 0.001), respectively after 8 week of intervention, but it was not significant or with any other diabetic groups (P > 0.05). Moreover, glucose levels were significantly higher in the FRLCDE, FRLCD, FRSD, FRSDE, Ex groups compared with the DC group in the same period (P = 0.0.01). Conclusions It was concluded that FRSD and FRLCD combination in regular exercise was elevated of GLUT4 gene expression in type 2 diabetes. These results may help to develop new methods for the treatment of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hossien Dastbarhagh
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Mehdi Kargarfard
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Hassanali Abedi
- Research Center for Noncommunicable Diseases, Jahrom University of Medical Sciences, Jahrom, Iran
| | - Effat Bambaeichi
- Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Parvaneh Nazarali
- Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Alzahra University, Tehran, Iran
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16
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Grigorova N, Ivanova Z, Bjorndal B, Vachkova E, Penchev G, Berge R, Ribarski S, Georgieva TM, Yonkova P, Georgiev IP. Effect of fish oil supplementation and restricted feeding on body fat distribution and blood lipid profile in a rabbit model of castration-induced obesity. Res Vet Sci 2019; 124:99-105. [PMID: 30861430 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2019.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2018] [Revised: 02/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This study investigates the effect of fish oil supplementation and restricted feeding on body fat distribution and blood lipid profile in experimentally induced obesity in rabbits. The trial was carried out with 30 male rabbits, divided into 5 groups of 6 animals each (NC - non-castrated, non-treated, full-diet fed; C100 - castrated, non-treated, full-diet fed; FO100 - castrated, treated with fish oil, full-diet fed; C50 - castrated, non-treated, 50% restricted fed; FO50 - castrated, treated with fish oil, 50% restricted fed). At the end of the experiment, plasma lipids measurement and quantification of fat distribution was performed. The results of this study indicate that fish oil supplementation reduces obesity-associated abnormalities in lipid profile (high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to low-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio and non-esterified fatty acids) and in body fat distribution in full-diet fed rabbits. Restricted feeding (C50) alone and the combination of restricted feeding and fish oil supplementation (FO50) in particular, has a detrimental effect on the lipid profile despite the marked reduction in intra-abdominal fat.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Grigorova
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - Zh Ivanova
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - B Bjorndal
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - E Vachkova
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - G Penchev
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - R Berge
- Department of Clinical Science, University of Bergen, 5020 Bergen, Norway
| | - S Ribarski
- Department of Morphology, Physiology and Nutrition, Agriculture Faculty, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - T Mircheva Georgieva
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - P Yonkova
- Department of Veterinary Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria
| | - I Penchev Georgiev
- Department of Pharmacology, Animal Physiology and Physiological Chemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria.
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17
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Zhou Q, Xiang H, Li A, Lin W, Huang Z, Guo J, Wang P, Chi Y, Xiang K, Xu Y, Zhou L, So KF, Chen X, Sun X, Ren Y. Activating Adiponectin Signaling with Exogenous AdipoRon Reduces Myelin Lipid Accumulation and Suppresses Macrophage Recruitment after Spinal Cord Injury. J Neurotrauma 2018; 36:903-918. [PMID: 30221582 DOI: 10.1089/neu.2018.5783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Myelin-laden macrophages (mye-MΦ), resulting primarily from internalization of myelin debris by infiltrating bone marrow-derived macrophages in spinal cord injury (SCI), trigger inflammatory responses that largely contribute to secondary injury. Adiponectin, which is secreted from adipose tissue, is an important hormone that modulates macrophage inflammation. In the present study, we examined the role of adiponectin on macrophage-mediated neuroinflammation after SCI. We found that in vitro activation of adiponectin receptors (AdipoRs) by their agonist AdipoRon suppressed myelin lipid accumulation in mye-MΦ through APPL1/PPARγ/LXRα/ABCA1-mediated lipid efflux, subsequently inhibiting inflammation and restoring normal function to mye-MΦ. In vivo data further confirmed that intravenous administration of AdipoRon after SCI dampened recruitment of macrophages and reduced myelin lipid accumulation. Accordingly, AdipoRon treatment ameliorated post-SCI tissue damage and astrogliosis, resulting in improved motor function. Although there was no significant pathological exacerbation in adiponectin-null mice subjected to SCI, our work reveals a functional link between adiponectin and hematogenous macrophages in the context of SCI, suggesting that activation of adiponectin signaling is a promising therapeutic approach to mitigate mye-MΦ-mediated neuroinflammation in neurological disorders involving demyelination.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qishuang Zhou
- 1 Institute of Inflammation and Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,4 Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Hongkai Xiang
- 1 Institute of Inflammation and Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,4 Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ang Li
- 2 Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,5 Academician Workstation for Spinal Cord Injury, Kunming Tongren Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Wu Lin
- 1 Institute of Inflammation and Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhaoshui Huang
- 1 Institute of Inflammation and Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Junxiu Guo
- 2 Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Pingjie Wang
- 2 Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yijie Chi
- 1 Institute of Inflammation and Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Ke Xiang
- 2 Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yunsheng Xu
- 1 Institute of Inflammation and Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Libing Zhou
- 2 Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kwok-Fai So
- 2 Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,5 Academician Workstation for Spinal Cord Injury, Kunming Tongren Hospital, Kunming, China
| | - Xiaoming Chen
- 1 Institute of Inflammation and Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xin Sun
- 2 Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yi Ren
- 1 Institute of Inflammation and Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.,2 Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macau Institute of CNS Regeneration, Joint International Research Laboratory of CNS Regeneration Ministry of Education, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China.,3 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Florida State University College of Medicine, Tallahassee, Florida
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18
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Tao L, Yang K, Huang F, Liu X, Li X, Luo Y, Wu L, Guo X. Association between self-reported eating speed and metabolic syndrome in a Beijing adult population: a cross-sectional study. BMC Public Health 2018; 18:855. [PMID: 29996822 PMCID: PMC6042428 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-5784-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Research on the relationship between metabolic syndrome (MetS), its components and eating speed is limited in China. The present study aimed to clarify the association between MetS, its components and eating speed in a Beijing adult population. Methods This cross-sectional study included 7972 adults who were 18–65 years old and who received health check-ups at the Beijing Physical Examination Center in 2016. Logistic regression was conducted to explore the associations between MetS, its components and eating speed. Results The prevalence of MetS in this population was 24.65% (36.02% for males and 10.18% for females). Eating speed was significantly associated with a high risk for MetS, elevated blood pressure, and central obesity for both genders. Eating speed was associated with a high risk for elevated triglycerides and with a reduction in high-density lipoprotein in males, and eating speed was associated with a high risk for elevated fasting plasma glucose in females. Compared with slow eating speed, the multivariate-adjusted odds ratios of medium eating speed and fast eating speed for MetS were 1.65 (95% confidence interval 1.32–2.07) and 2.27 (95% confidence interval 1.80–2.86) for all subjects, 1.58 (95% confidence interval 1.21–2.07) and 2.21 (95% confidence interval 1.69–2.91) for males, and 1.75 (95% confidence interval 1.15–2.68) and 2.27 (95% confidence interval 1.46–3.53) for females, respectively. Conclusions Eating speed is positively associated with MetS and its components. Future recommendations aiming to prevent MetS and its components may focus on eating speed. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12889-018-5784-z) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lixin Tao
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.,Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Kun Yang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.,Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Fangfang Huang
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.,Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Xiangtong Liu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.,Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Mathematics and Statistics, La Trobe University, Melbourne, 3086, Australia
| | - Yanxia Luo
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.,Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Lijuan Wu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China.,Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, China
| | - Xiuhua Guo
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100069, China. .,Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Beijing, 100069, China.
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19
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Utami FA, Lee HC, Su CT, Guo YR, Tung YT, Huang SY. Effects of calorie restriction plus fish oil supplementation on abnormal metabolic characteristics and the iron status of middle-aged obese women. Food Funct 2018; 9:1152-1162. [PMID: 29362766 DOI: 10.1039/c7fo01787a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The increasing prevalence of obesity and sedentary lifestyles has led to a higher incidence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) worldwide as well as in Taiwan. Middle-aged women are at a greater risk of MetS, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease than men because they have more subcutaneous fat and larger waist circumferences compared with men with equal visceral fat levels. In this study, we investigated the effects of calorie restriction (CR) and fish oil supplementation (CRF) on middle-aged Taiwanese women with MetS. An open-label, parallel-arm, controlled trial was conducted for 12 weeks. A total of 75 eligible participants were randomly assigned to the CR or CRF group. Both the dietary intervention groups were further divided into two age groups: ≤45 and >45 years. Changes in MetS severity, inflammatory status, iron status, and red blood cell fatty acid profile were evaluated. A total of 71 participants completed the trial. Both dietary interventions significantly ameliorated MetS and improved the participants' inflammatory status. CR significantly increased the total iron-binding capacity (TIBC) whereas CRF increased hepcidin levels in women aged >45 years. Furthermore, CRF significantly increased the n-6/n-3 and arachidonic acid/docosahexaenoic acid ratios. Both interventions improved the anthropometric and MetS characteristics, including body weight, blood glucose and triglyceride levels, and the score of the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index. In conclusion, the 12-week dietary interventions improved the abnormal metabolic status of middle-aged obese women. CRF was demonstrated to be more effective in ameliorating postprandial glucose level and TIBC in women aged >45 years than in those aged ≤45 years.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fasty Arum Utami
- School of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
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20
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Otsuka H, Yanai M, Kobayashi H, Haketa A, Hara M, Sugama K, Kato K, Soma M. High-molecular-weight adiponectin levels in healthy, community-dwelling, elderly Japanese volunteers: a 5-year prospective observational study. Aging Clin Exp Res 2018; 30:791-8. [PMID: 29052034 DOI: 10.1007/s40520-017-0840-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2017] [Accepted: 10/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Serum adiponectin levels are associated with frailty and cardiovascular diseases. Longitudinal changes in adiponectin levels might enhance our understanding of age-related conditions and diseases. AIMS This prospective observational study aimed to: (1) elucidate age-related changes in high-molecular-weight (HMW) adiponectin levels; and (2) identify variables predictive of elevated HMW adiponectin levels and the association with well-known adiponectin single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in healthy, elderly Japanese participants. METHODS Healthy elderly volunteers (n = 196; 55 men and 141 women; median age 72.0 years; range 69.0-75.0 years) underwent anthropometric and physical function measurements, as well as laboratory tests at baseline and the 5-year follow-up. RESULTS HMW adiponectin levels were significantly higher in women than in men (8.4, 5.3-11.9 vs. 5.7, 3.1-9.0 μg/mL; p < 0.001) at baseline and decreased significantly at follow-up in women (7.7, 4.8-11.2 μg/mL; p < 0.001), but not in men. In the multiple regression analysis, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and body weight were independent predictors of HMW adiponectin levels. The rate of change in HMW adiponectin levels was inversely correlated with the rates of change in body weight, body mass index, and knee leg extension strengths, and positively correlated with rates of change in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol and one-leg standing time. There were no significant differences in HMW adiponectin levels among SNPs. DISCUSSION Decreasing HMW adiponectin levels might lead to an increased risk of cardiovascular diseases in elderly women. CONCLUSION HMW adiponectin levels significantly decreased over a 5-year period in community-dwelling elderly Japanese women.
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21
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Cummings NE, Lamming DW. Regulation of metabolic health and aging by nutrient-sensitive signaling pathways. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2017; 455:13-22. [PMID: 27884780 PMCID: PMC5440210 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2016] [Revised: 10/07/2016] [Accepted: 11/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
All organisms need to be capable of adapting to changes in the availability and composition of nutrients. Over 75 years ago, researchers discovered that a calorie restricted (CR) diet could significantly extend the lifespan of rats, and since then a CR diet has been shown to increase lifespan and healthspan in model organisms ranging from yeast to non-human primates. In this review, we discuss the effects of a CR diet on metabolism and healthspan, and highlight emerging evidence that suggests that dietary composition - the precise macronutrients that compose the diet - may be just as important as caloric content. In particular, we discuss recent evidence that suggests protein quality may influence metabolic health. Finally, we discuss key metabolic pathways which may influence the response to CR diets and altered macronutrient composition. Understanding the molecular mechanisms responsible for the effects of CR and dietary composition on health and longevity may allow the design of novel therapeutic approaches to age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicole E Cummings
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA; Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Graduate Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA
| | - Dudley W Lamming
- Department of Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA; William S. Middleton Memorial Veterans Hospital, Madison, WI, USA; Endocrinology and Reproductive Physiology Graduate Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA.
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22
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Song J, Li C, Lv Y, Zhang Y, Amakye WK, Mao L. DHA increases adiponectin expression more effectively than EPA at relative low concentrations by regulating PPARγ and its phosphorylation at Ser273 in 3T3-L1 adipocytes. Nutr Metab (Lond) 2017; 14:52. [PMID: 28811832 PMCID: PMC5553905 DOI: 10.1186/s12986-017-0209-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Enhancing circulating adiponectin is considered as a potential approach for the prevention and treatment of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) were reported to increase adiponectin by previous studies using a mixture of them. However, their individual effects on adiponectin and the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. In the present study, we observed and compared the individual effect of DHA and EPA on adiponectin in 3T3-L1 adipocytes, and further tested whether DHA or EPA regulated adiponectin by peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and its phosphorylation at Ser273 to provide a plausible explanation for their distinct actions. METHODS Firstly, 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with different doses of DHA or EPA for 24 h. Secondly, 3T3-L1 adipocytes were treated with DHA or EPA in the presence or absence of GW9662. Thirdly, 3T3-L1 adipocytes were pretreated with DHA or EPA for 24 h, followed by being respectively co-incubated with tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) or roscovitine for another 2 h. Bovine serum albumin treatment served as the control. After treatments, cellular and secreted adiponectin, cellular PPARγ and its phosphorylation at Ser273 were determined. RESULTS Compared with the control, DHA increased cellular and secreted adiponectin at 50 and 100 μmol/L, while EPA increased them at 100 and 200 μmol/L. Adiponectin expressions in DHA treated groups were significantly higher than those in EPA treated groups at 50 and 100 μmol/L. Both DHA and EPA enhanced PPARγ expression, but DHA was more effective. GW9662 blocked DHA- and EPA-induced increases in PPARγ as well as adiponectin. Remarkably, an opposite regulation of PPARγ phosphorylation was detected after fatty acids treatment: DHA inhibited it but EPA stimulated it. TNF-α blocked DHA-induced decrease in PPARγ phosphorylation, which eventually led to a decrease in adiponectin. Roscovitine blocked EPA-induced increase in PPARγ phosphorylation, but the corresponding increase in adiponectin was non-significant. CONCLUSION DHA compared with EPA led to a greater increase in cellular and secreted adiponectin at relative low concentrations by increasing PPARγ expression and inhibiting its phosphorylation at Ser273. DHA may be more beneficial than EPA in reducing risks of NCDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Song
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Cheng Li
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Yushan Lv
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - William Kwame Amakye
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
| | - Limei Mao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong China
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23
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Morita I, Tanimoto K, Akiyama N, Naya N, Fujieda K, Iwasaki T, Yukioka H. Chronic hyperinsulinemia contributes to insulin resistance under dietary restriction in association with altered lipid metabolism in Zucker diabetic fatty rats. Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2017; 312:E264-E272. [PMID: 28143857 DOI: 10.1152/ajpendo.00342.2016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2016] [Revised: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Hyperinsulinemia is widely thought to be a compensatory response to insulin resistance, whereas its potentially causal role in the progression of insulin resistance remains to be established. Here, we aimed to examine whether hyperinsulinemia could affect the progression of insulin resistance in Zucker fatty diabetic (ZDF) rats. Male ZDF rats at 8 wk of age were fed a diet ad libitum (AL) or dietary restriction (DR) of either 15 or 30% from AL feeding over 6 wk. Insulin sensitivity was determined by hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp. ZDF rats in the AL group progressively developed hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia by 10 wk of age, and then plasma insulin rapidly declined to nearly normal levels by 12 wk of age. Compared with AL group, DR groups showed delayed onset of hyperglycemia and persistent hyperinsulinemia, leading to weight gain and raised plasma triglycerides and free fatty acids by 14 wk of age. Notably, insulin sensitivity was significantly reduced in the DR group rather than the AL group and inversely correlated with plasma levels of insulin and triglyceride but not glucose. Moreover, enhanced lipid deposition and upregulation of genes involved in lipogenesis were detected in liver, skeletal muscle, and adipose tissues of the DR group rather than the AL group. Alternatively, continuous hyperinsulinemia induced by insulin pellet implantation produced a decrease in insulin sensitivity in ZDF rats. These results suggest that chronic hyperinsulinemia may lead to the progression of insulin resistance under DR conditions in association with altered lipid metabolism in peripheral tissues in ZDF rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ippei Morita
- Drug Discovery and Disease Research Laboratory, Shionogi and Company, Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Keiichi Tanimoto
- Drug Discovery and Disease Research Laboratory, Shionogi and Company, Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Nobuteru Akiyama
- Drug Discovery and Disease Research Laboratory, Shionogi and Company, Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Noriyuki Naya
- Drug Discovery and Disease Research Laboratory, Shionogi and Company, Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Kumiko Fujieda
- Drug Discovery and Disease Research Laboratory, Shionogi and Company, Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Takanori Iwasaki
- Drug Discovery and Disease Research Laboratory, Shionogi and Company, Ltd., Osaka, Japan
| | - Hideo Yukioka
- Drug Discovery and Disease Research Laboratory, Shionogi and Company, Ltd., Osaka, Japan
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24
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Chen JH, Song J, Chen Y, Ding Q, Peng A, Mao L. The Effect of Vegan Protein-Based Diets on Metabolic Parameters, Expressions of Adiponectin and Its Receptors in Wistar Rats. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8100643. [PMID: 27763537 PMCID: PMC5084030 DOI: 10.3390/nu8100643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2016] [Revised: 10/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Vegan protein-based diet has attracted increasing interest in the prevention of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Meanwhile, adiponectin has become a highly potential molecular target in the prevention of MetS. Our study will identify a potential vegan protein diet for the prevention of MetS using rat models. Thirty-six Wistar rats were randomly assigned into three groups and given diets containing one of the following proteins for 12 weeks: casein (CAS, control diet), soy protein (SOY), and gluten-soy mixed protein (GSM). Changes in metabolic parameters as well as the expressions of adiponectin and its receptors were identified. Compared to CAS diet, both SOY and GSM diets led to decreases in blood total cholesterol and triglycerides, but only GSM diet led to an increase in HDL-cholesterol; no marked difference was observed in blood glucose in all three groups; HOMA-IR was found lower only in SOY group. Among groups, the order of serum adiponectin level was found as GSM > SOY > CAS. Similar order pattern was also observed in expression of adiponectin in adipose tissue and AdipoR1 mRNA in skeletal muscle. Our results suggested for the first time that, besides SOY diet, GSM diet could also be a possible substitute of animal protein to prevent MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie-Hua Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Jia Song
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
| | - Yan Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China.
| | - Qiang Ding
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China.
| | - Anfang Peng
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, Hubei, China.
| | - Limei Mao
- Department of Nutrition and Food Hygiene, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, Guangdong, China.
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25
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Santulli G. Dietary Components and Metabolic Dysfunction: Translating Preclinical Studies into Clinical Practice. Nutrients 2016; 8:E632. [PMID: 27754375 PMCID: PMC5084019 DOI: 10.3390/nu8100632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2016] [Accepted: 10/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The importance of diet in the pathophysiology of metabolic syndrome is well acknowledged [1-3] and may be crucial in the determination of cardiovascular risk and the development of cardiovascular complications [4-7].[...].
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Affiliation(s)
- Gaetano Santulli
- Herbert and Florence Irving Medical Center, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA.
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26
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Wang SX, Wei JG, Chen LL, Hu X, Kong W. The role of expression imbalance between adipose synthesis and storage mediated by PPAR-γ/FSP27 in the formation of insulin resistance in catch up growth. Lipids Health Dis 2016; 15:173. [PMID: 27716232 PMCID: PMC5050960 DOI: 10.1186/s12944-016-0319-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Catch up growth (CUG) motivated by under-nutrition can lead to insulin resistance (IR) and visceral fat over-accumulation. However, the precise mechanisms on IR induced by adipose tissue changes during CUG remain unresolved. Methods Experimental rats were divided into three groups: normal chow group, catch up growth group and resveratrol administrated group. The whole experiment was carried out in four stages: 4, 6, 8 and 12 weeks. Peroxisome-proliferator activated receptor gamma (PPAR-γ) and fat-specific protein 27 (FSP27) expression level in epididymal adipose tissues (EAT) and subcutaneous adipose tissues (SAT) were detected along with other IR indicators. Results Calorie restriction (CR) significantly increased PPAR-γ expression in EAT while decreased FSP27 expression. During re-feeding, both of the expression of PPAR-γ and FSP27 increased, even FSP27 returned to normal level when CUG for 4 weeks. Although PPAR-γ expression declined slightly at 8 weeks, it was still much stronger than normal chow groups. However, no changes were seen in SAT. Relative insufficiency of FSP27 expression in EAT results in a decrease in lipid storage capacity, causing a series of path physiological changes that led to the formation of IR. Resveratrol inhibited the expression of PPAR-γ and promoted FSP27 expression, thus fundamentally improving IR. Conclusions The imbalance between adipose synthesis and storage mediated by PPAR-γ / FSP27 in the EAT plays a pivotal role in the formation of IR during CUG. Resveratrol can correct fat formation and storage imbalance status by up-regulating FSP27 and down-regulating PPAR-γ expression level, ameliorating insulin sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su-Xing Wang
- The Second Department of Geriatrics, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, China
| | - Jin-Gang Wei
- Department of general surgery, The fifth hospital of Shijiazhuang City, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Lu-Lu Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.
| | - Xiang Hu
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
| | - Wen Kong
- Department of Endocrinology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China
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27
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Scheller EL, Burr AA, MacDougald OA, Cawthorn WP. Inside out: Bone marrow adipose tissue as a source of circulating adiponectin. Adipocyte 2016; 5:251-69. [PMID: 27617171 PMCID: PMC5014002 DOI: 10.1080/21623945.2016.1149269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2015] [Revised: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 01/27/2016] [Indexed: 02/09/2023] Open
Abstract
The adipocyte-derived hormone adiponectin mediates beneficial cardiometabolic effects, and hypoadiponectinemia is a biomarker for increased metabolic and cardiovascular risk. Indeed, circulating adiponectin decreases in obesity and insulin-resistance, likely because of impaired production from white adipose tissue (WAT). Conversely, lean states such as caloric restriction (CR) are characterized by hyperadiponectinemia, even without increased adiponectin production from WAT. The reasons underlying this paradox have remained elusive, but our recent research suggests that CR-associated hyperadiponectinemia derives from an unexpected source: bone marrow adipose tissue (MAT). Herein, we elaborate on this surprising discovery, including further discussion of potential mechanisms influencing adiponectin production from MAT; additional evidence both for and against our conclusions; and observations suggesting that the relationship between MAT and adiponectin might extend beyond CR. While many questions remain, the burgeoning study of MAT promises to reveal further key insights into MAT biology, both as a source of adiponectin and beyond.
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28
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García-Prieto CF, Fernández-Alfonso MS. Caloric Restriction as a Strategy to Improve Vascular Dysfunction in Metabolic Disorders. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8060370. [PMID: 27314388 PMCID: PMC4924211 DOI: 10.3390/nu8060370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2016] [Revised: 05/23/2016] [Accepted: 06/09/2016] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Caloric restriction (CR) has proved to be the most effective and reproducible dietary intervention to increase healthy lifespan and aging. A reduction in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in obese subjects can be already achieved by a moderate and sustainable weight loss. Since pharmacological approaches for body weight reduction have, at present, a poor long-term efficacy, CR is of great interest in the prevention and/or reduction of CVD associated with obesity. Other dietary strategies changing specific macronutrients, such as altering carbohydrates, protein content or diet glycemic index have been also shown to decrease the progression of CVD in obese patients. In this review, we will focus on the positive effects and possible mechanisms of action of these strategies on vascular dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Concha F García-Prieto
- The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm 17176, Sweden.
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29
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Hu T, Yao L, Reynolds K, Whelton PK, Niu T, Li S, He J, Bazzano LA. The Effects of a Low-Carbohydrate Diet vs. a Low-Fat Diet on Novel Cardiovascular Risk Factors: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Nutrients 2015; 7:7978-94. [PMID: 26393645 PMCID: PMC4586572 DOI: 10.3390/nu7095377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2015] [Revised: 09/07/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence supports a low-carbohydrate diet for weight loss and improvement in traditional cardiovascular disease (CVD) markers. Effects on novel CVD markers remain unclear. We examined the effects of a low-carbohydrate diet (<40 g/day; n = 75) versus a low-fat diet (<30% kcal/day from total fat, <7% saturated fat; n = 73) on biomarkers representing inflammation, adipocyte dysfunction, and endothelial dysfunction in a 12 month clinical trial among 148 obese adults free of diabetes and CVD. Participants met with a study dietitian on a periodic basis and each diet group received the same behavioral curriculum which included dietary instruction and supportive counseling. Eighty percent of participants completed the intervention. At 12 months, participants on the low-carbohydrate diet had significantly greater increases in adiponectin (mean difference in change, 1336 ng/mL (95% CI, 342 to 2330 ng/mL); p = 0.009) and greater decreases in intercellular adhesion molecule-1 concentrations (−16.8 ng/mL (−32.0 to −1.6 ng/mL); p = 0.031) than those on the low-fat diet. Changes in other novel CVD markers were not significantly different between groups. In conclusion, despite the differences in weight changes on diets, a low-carbohydrate diet resulted in similar or greater improvement in inflammation, adipocyte dysfunction, and endothelial dysfunction than a standard low-fat diet among obese persons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Hu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University 1440 Canal Street, Suite 2000, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
| | - Lu Yao
- Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, University of Minnesota, 1300 S 2nd Street, Suite 300, Minneapolis, MN 55454, USA.
| | - Kristi Reynolds
- Department of Research & Evaluation, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, 100 South Los Robles, 2nd Floor, Pasadena, CA 91101, USA.
| | - Paul K Whelton
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University 1440 Canal Street, Suite 2000, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
| | - Tianhua Niu
- Department of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University 1440 Canal Street, Suite 2001, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
| | - Shengxu Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University 1440 Canal Street, Suite 2000, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
| | - Jiang He
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University 1440 Canal Street, Suite 2000, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
| | - Lydia A Bazzano
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, Tulane University 1440 Canal Street, Suite 2000, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
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