1
|
Zhang L, Liu S, Wang Y. Pseudotyped Viruses for Marburgvirus and Ebolavirus. Adv Exp Med Biol 2023; 1407:105-32. [PMID: 36920694 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-99-0113-5_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Marburg virus (MARV) and Ebola virus (EBOV) of the Filoviridae family are the most lethal viruses in terms of mortality rate. However, the development of antiviral treatment is hampered by the requirement for biosafety level-4 (BSL-4) containment. The establishment of BSL-2 pseudotyped viruses can provide important tools for the study of filoviruses. This chapter summarizes general information on the filoviruses and then focuses on the construction of replication-deficient pseudotyped MARV and EBOV (e.g., lentivirus system and vesicular stomatitis virus system). It also details the potential applications of the pseudotyped viruses, including neutralization antibody detection, the study of infection mechanisms, the evaluation of antibody-dependent enhancement, virus entry inhibitor screening, and glycoprotein mutation analysis.
Collapse
|
2
|
Wanninger TG, Millian DE, Saldarriaga OA, Maruyama J, Saito T, Reyna RA, Taniguchi S, Arroyave E, Connolly ME, Stevenson HL, Paessler S. Macrophage infection, activation, and histopathological findings in ebolavirus infection. Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022; 12:1023557. [PMID: 36310868 PMCID: PMC9597316 DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1023557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Macrophages contribute to Ebola virus disease through their susceptibility to direct infection, their multi-faceted response to ebolaviruses, and their association with pathological findings in tissues throughout the body. Viral attachment and entry factors, as well as the more recently described influence of cell polarization, shape macrophage susceptibility to direct infection. Moreover, the study of Toll-like receptor 4 and the RIG-I-like receptor pathway in the macrophage response to ebolaviruses highlight important immune signaling pathways contributing to the breadth of macrophage responses. Lastly, the deep histopathological catalogue of macrophage involvement across numerous tissues during infection has been enriched by descriptions of tissues involved in sequelae following acute infection, including: the eye, joints, and the nervous system. Building upon this knowledge base, future opportunities include characterization of macrophage phenotypes beneficial or deleterious to survival, delineation of the specific roles macrophages play in pathological lesion development in affected tissues, and the creation of macrophage-specific therapeutics enhancing the beneficial activities and reducing the deleterious contributions of macrophages to the outcome of Ebola virus disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Timothy G. Wanninger
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Daniel E. Millian
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Omar A. Saldarriaga
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Junki Maruyama
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Takeshi Saito
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Rachel A. Reyna
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Satoshi Taniguchi
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Esteban Arroyave
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Melanie E. Connolly
- Department of Surgery, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Heather L. Stevenson
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| | - Slobodan Paessler
- Department of Pathology, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Abstract
Virus-like particles (VLPs) are protein-based, nanoscale, self-assembling, cage architectures, which have relevant applications in biomedicine. They can be used for the development of vaccines, imaging approaches, drug and gene therapy delivery systems, and in vitro diagnostic methods. Today, three relevant viruses are targeted using VLP-based recombinant vaccines. VLP-based drug delivery, nanoreactors for therapy, and imaging systems are approaches under development with promising outcomes. Several VLP-based vaccines are under clinical evaluation. Herein, an updated view on the VLP-based biomedical applications is provided; advanced methods for the production, functionalization, and drug loading of VLPs are described, and perspectives for the field are identified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mauricio Comas-Garcia
- Department of Sciences, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi 78295, México.,Genomic Medicine Section, Research Center for Health Sciences and Biomedicine, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi 78210, México.,High-Resolution Microscopy Section, Research Center for Health Sciences and Biomedicine, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi 78210, México
| | - Mayra Colunga-Saucedo
- Genomic Medicine Section, Research Center for Health Sciences and Biomedicine, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi 78210, México
| | - Sergio Rosales-Mendoza
- Departament of Chemical Sciences, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi 78210, México.,Biotechnology Section, Research Center for Health Sciences and Biomedicine, Autonomous University of San Luis Potosi, San Luis Potosi 78210, México
| |
Collapse
|