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Prator CA, Dorratt BM, O’Donnell KL, Lack J, Pinski AN, Ricklefs S, Martens CA, Messaoudi I, Marzi A. Transcriptional profiling of immune responses in NHPs after low-dose, VSV-based vaccination against Marburg virus. Emerg Microbes Infect 2023; 12:2252513. [PMID: 37616377 PMCID: PMC10498809 DOI: 10.1080/22221751.2023.2252513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 08/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
Infection with Marburg virus (MARV), the causative agent of Marburg virus disease (MVD), results in haemorrhagic disease and high case fatality rates (>40%) in humans. Despite its public health relevance, there are no licensed vaccines or therapeutics to prevent or treat MVD. A vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV)-based vaccine expressing the MARV glycoprotein (VSV-MARV) is currently in clinical development. Previously, a single 10 million PFU dose of VSV-MARV administered 1-5 weeks before lethal MARV challenge conferred uniform protection in nonhuman primates (NHPs), demonstrating fast-acting potential. Additionally, our group recently demonstrated that even a low dose VSV-MARV (1000 PFU) protected NHPs when given 7 days before MARV challenge. In this study, we longitudinally profiled the transcriptional responses of NHPs vaccinated with this low dose of VSV-MARV either 14 or 7 days before lethal MARV challenge. NHPs vaccinated 14 days before challenge presented with transcriptional changes consistent with an antiviral response before challenge. Limited gene expression changes were observed in the group vaccinated 7 days before challenge. After challenge, genes related to lymphocyte-mediated immunity were only observed in the group vaccinated 14 days before challenge, indicating that the length of time between vaccination and challenge influenced gene expression. Our results indicate that a low dose VSV-MARV elicits distinct immune responses that correlate with protection against MVD. A low dose of VSV-MARV should be evaluated in clinical rails as it may be an option to deliver beneficial public health outcomes to more people in the event of future outbreaks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cecilia A. Prator
- Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA
| | - Brianna M. Dorratt
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Kyle L. O’Donnell
- Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA
| | - Justin Lack
- NIAID Collaborative Bioinformatics Resource (NCBR), National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Amanda N. Pinski
- Department of Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Stacy Ricklefs
- Research Technology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, Hamilton, MT, USA
| | - Craig A. Martens
- Research Technology Branch, Division of Intramural Research, National Institutes of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, Hamilton, MT, USA
| | - Ilhem Messaoudi
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA
| | - Andrea Marzi
- Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT, USA
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Changula K, Kajihara M, Muramatsu S, Hiraoka K, Yamaguchi T, Yago Y, Kato D, Miyamoto H, Mori-Kajihara A, Shigeno A, Yoshida R, Henderson CW, Marzi A, Takada A. Development of an Immunochromatography Assay to Detect Marburg Virus and Ravn Virus. Viruses 2023; 15:2349. [PMID: 38140590 PMCID: PMC10747695 DOI: 10.3390/v15122349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/27/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
The recent outbreaks of Marburg virus disease (MVD) in Guinea, Ghana, Equatorial Guinea, and Tanzania, none of which had reported previous outbreaks, imply increasing risks of spillover of the causative viruses, Marburg virus (MARV) and Ravn virus (RAVV), from their natural host animals. These outbreaks have emphasized the need for the development of rapid diagnostic tests for this disease. Using monoclonal antibodies specific to the viral nucleoprotein, we developed an immunochromatography (IC) assay for the rapid diagnosis of MVD. The IC assay was found to be capable of detecting approximately 102-4 50% tissue culture infectious dose (TCID50)/test of MARV and RAVV in the infected culture supernatants. We further confirmed that the IC assay could detect the MARV and RAVV antigens in the serum samples from experimentally infected nonhuman primates. These results indicate that the IC assay to detect MARV can be a useful tool for the rapid point-of-care diagnosis of MVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katendi Changula
- Department of Paraclinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka 10101, Zambia;
| | - Masahiro Kajihara
- Division of Global Epidemiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan; (M.K.); (H.M.); (A.M.-K.); (A.S.); (R.Y.)
| | - Shino Muramatsu
- DENKA Co., Ltd., Tokyo 103-8338, Japan; (S.M.); (K.H.); (T.Y.); (Y.Y.); (D.K.)
| | - Koji Hiraoka
- DENKA Co., Ltd., Tokyo 103-8338, Japan; (S.M.); (K.H.); (T.Y.); (Y.Y.); (D.K.)
| | - Toru Yamaguchi
- DENKA Co., Ltd., Tokyo 103-8338, Japan; (S.M.); (K.H.); (T.Y.); (Y.Y.); (D.K.)
| | - Yoko Yago
- DENKA Co., Ltd., Tokyo 103-8338, Japan; (S.M.); (K.H.); (T.Y.); (Y.Y.); (D.K.)
| | - Daisuke Kato
- DENKA Co., Ltd., Tokyo 103-8338, Japan; (S.M.); (K.H.); (T.Y.); (Y.Y.); (D.K.)
| | - Hiroko Miyamoto
- Division of Global Epidemiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan; (M.K.); (H.M.); (A.M.-K.); (A.S.); (R.Y.)
| | - Akina Mori-Kajihara
- Division of Global Epidemiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan; (M.K.); (H.M.); (A.M.-K.); (A.S.); (R.Y.)
| | - Asako Shigeno
- Division of Global Epidemiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan; (M.K.); (H.M.); (A.M.-K.); (A.S.); (R.Y.)
| | - Reiko Yoshida
- Division of Global Epidemiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan; (M.K.); (H.M.); (A.M.-K.); (A.S.); (R.Y.)
| | - Corey W. Henderson
- Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA
| | - Andrea Marzi
- Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Hamilton, MT 59840, USA
| | - Ayato Takada
- Division of Global Epidemiology, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan; (M.K.); (H.M.); (A.M.-K.); (A.S.); (R.Y.)
- International Collaboration Unit, International Institute for Zoonosis Control, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan
- One Health Research Center, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0020, Japan
- Department of Disease Control, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zambia, Lusaka 10101, Zambia
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Okesanya OJ, Manirambona E, Olaleke NO, Osumanu HA, Faniyi AA, Bouaddi O, Gbolahan O, Lasala JJ, Lucero-Prisno DE. Rise of Marburg virus in Africa: a call for global preparedness. Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2023; 85:5285-5290. [PMID: 37811021 PMCID: PMC10553126 DOI: 10.1097/ms9.0000000000001257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/19/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The Marburg virus disease (MVD) is caused by a rare RNA virus that can result in severe hemorrhagic fever in humans and other primates. The disease was first discovered in 1967 in Marburg Frankfurt in Germany and since then, sporadic cases have been reported in southeastern Africa. The Egyptian fruit bat is considered a reservoir for the virus, which can be transmitted through direct contact with infected bat or monkey tissue, bodily fluids, or contaminated objects. The Marburg virus disease shares clinical features with the Ebola virus disease, and there are no widely accepted vaccines or antiviral medications to treat it. The article provides an overview of Marburg virus (MARV) outbreaks in Africa, including the most recent outbreaks in Guinea, Ghana, Equatorial Guinea, and Tanzania. The authors discuss the recent outbreaks and the implications of the spread of MARV to Africa's healthcare systems. The authors also present key recommendations for both multicountry and global preparedness efforts in order to better prevent and respond to future MARV outbreaks and other viruses with an epidemic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olalekan J. Okesanya
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Neuropsychiatric Hospital, Aro, Abeokuta
| | - Emery Manirambona
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Rwanda, Kigali, Rwanda
| | - Noah O. Olaleke
- Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospital Complex, Ile-Ife
| | - Hisham A. Osumanu
- Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Allied Health Sciences, University for Development Studies, Ghana
| | - Ayodeji A. Faniyi
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Obafemi Awolowo University Teaching Hospitals Complex, Ile Ife, Osun State, Nigeria
| | - Oumnia Bouaddi
- International School of Public Health, Mohammed VI University of Health and Sciences, Casablanca, Morocco
| | | | - Jose J. Lasala
- College of Medicine, University of the Philippines, Manila, Philippines
| | - Don E. Lucero-Prisno
- Department of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, United Kingdom
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Scarpa F, Bazzani L, Giovanetti M, Ciccozzi A, Benedetti F, Zella D, Sanna D, Casu M, Borsetti A, Cella E, Pascarella S, Maruotti A, Ciccozzi M. Update on the Phylodynamic and Genetic Variability of Marburg Virus. Viruses 2023; 15:1721. [PMID: 37632063 PMCID: PMC10458864 DOI: 10.3390/v15081721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2023] [Revised: 08/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has not only strained healthcare systems in Africa but has also intensified the impact of emerging and re-emerging diseases. Specifically in Equatorial Guinea, mirroring the situation in other African countries, unique zoonotic outbreaks have occurred during this challenging period. One notable resurgence is Marburg virus disease (MVD), which has further burdened the already fragile healthcare system. The re-emergence of the Marburg virus amid the COVID-19 pandemic is believed to stem from a probable zoonotic spill-over, although the precise transmission routes remain uncertain. Given the gravity of the situation, addressing the existing challenges is paramount. Though the genome sequences from the current outbreak were not available for this study, we analyzed all the available whole genome sequences of this re-emerging pathogen to advocate for a shift towards active surveillance. This is essential to ensure the successful containment of any potential Marburg virus outbreak in Equatorial Guinea and the wider African context. This study, which presents an update on the phylodynamics and the genetic variability of MARV, further confirmed the existence of at least two distinct patterns of viral spread. One pattern demonstrates a slower but continuous and recurring virus circulation, while the other exhibits a faster yet limited and episodic spread. These results highlight the critical need to strengthen genomic surveillance in the region to effectively curb the pathogen's dissemination. Moreover, the study emphasizes the importance of prompt alert management, comprehensive case investigation and analysis, contact tracing, and active case searching. These steps are vital to support the healthcare system's response to this emerging health crisis. By implementing these strategies, we can better arm ourselves against the challenges posed by the resurgence of the Marburg virus and other infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabio Scarpa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
| | - Liliana Bazzani
- Department of Science and Technology for Humans and the Environment, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy; (L.B.); (M.G.)
| | - Marta Giovanetti
- Department of Science and Technology for Humans and the Environment, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy; (L.B.); (M.G.)
- Instituto Rene Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte 30190-009, MG, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Ciccozzi
- Unit of Medical Statistics and Molecular Epidemiology, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy; (A.C.); (M.C.)
| | - Francesca Benedetti
- Institute of Human Virlogy and Global Virusn Network Center, Deparment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University for Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (F.B.); (D.Z.)
| | - Davide Zella
- Institute of Human Virlogy and Global Virusn Network Center, Deparment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University for Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA; (F.B.); (D.Z.)
| | - Daria Sanna
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
| | - Marco Casu
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Sassari, 07100 Sassari, Italy;
| | - Alessandra Borsetti
- National HIV/AIDS Research Center (CNAIDS), National Institute of Health, 00161 Rome, Italy;
| | - Eleonora Cella
- Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL 32816, USA;
| | - Stefano Pascarella
- Department of Biochemical Sciences “A. Rossi Fanelli”, Sapienza Università di Roma, 00185 Rome, Italy;
| | | | - Massimo Ciccozzi
- Unit of Medical Statistics and Molecular Epidemiology, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Rome, Italy; (A.C.); (M.C.)
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Zhang L, Liu S, Wang Y. Pseudotyped Viruses for Marburgvirus and Ebolavirus. Adv Exp Med Biol 2023; 1407:105-32. [PMID: 36920694 DOI: 10.1007/978-981-99-0113-5_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
Abstract
Marburg virus (MARV) and Ebola virus (EBOV) of the Filoviridae family are the most lethal viruses in terms of mortality rate. However, the development of antiviral treatment is hampered by the requirement for biosafety level-4 (BSL-4) containment. The establishment of BSL-2 pseudotyped viruses can provide important tools for the study of filoviruses. This chapter summarizes general information on the filoviruses and then focuses on the construction of replication-deficient pseudotyped MARV and EBOV (e.g., lentivirus system and vesicular stomatitis virus system). It also details the potential applications of the pseudotyped viruses, including neutralization antibody detection, the study of infection mechanisms, the evaluation of antibody-dependent enhancement, virus entry inhibitor screening, and glycoprotein mutation analysis.
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6
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Vanmechelen B, Stroobants J, Vermeire K, Maes P. Advancing Marburg virus antiviral screening: Optimization of a novel T7 polymerase-independent minigenome system. Antiviral Res 2020; 185:104977. [PMID: 33220335 DOI: 10.1016/j.antiviral.2020.104977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2020] [Revised: 11/10/2020] [Accepted: 11/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Marburg virus (MARV) is the only known pathogenic filovirus not belonging to the genus Ebolavirus. Minigenomes have proven a useful tool to study MARV, but all existing MARV minigenomes are dependent on the addition of an exogenous T7 RNA polymerase to drive minigenome expression. However, exogenous expression of a T7 polymerase is not always feasible and can act as a confounding factor in compound screening assays. We have developed an alternative minigenome that is controlled by the natively expressed RNA polymerase II. We demonstrate here the characteristics of this new system and its applicability in a wide range of cell types. Our system shows a clear concentration-dependent activity and shows comparable activity to the existing T7 polymerase-based system at higher concentrations, also in difficult-to-transfect cell lines. In addition, we show that our system can be used for compound screening in a 96-well format, thereby providing an attractive alternative to previously developed MARV minigenomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bert Vanmechelen
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, box 1040 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Joren Stroobants
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, box 1043 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Kurt Vermeire
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Virology and Chemotherapy, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, box 1043 3000, Leuven, Belgium
| | - Piet Maes
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, Laboratory of Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, box 1040 3000, Leuven, Belgium.
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Abstract
Marburg virus (MARV) is a highly pathogenic virus associated with severe disease and mortality rates as high as 90%. Outbreaks of MARV are sporadic, deadly, and often characterized by a lack of resources and facilities to diagnose and treat patients. There are currently no approved vaccines or treatments, and the chaotic and infrequent nature of outbreaks, among other factors, makes testing new countermeasures during outbreaks ethically and logistically challenging. Without field efficacy studies, researchers must rely on animal models of MARV infection to assess the efficacy of vaccines and treatments, with the limitations being the accuracy of the animal model in recapitulating human pathogenesis. This review will compare various animal models to the available descriptions of human pathogenesis and aims to evaluate their effectiveness in modeling important aspects of Marburg virus disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyle Shifflett
- Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institutes of Health, 903 South 4th Street, Hamilton, MT, 59840, USA
| | - Andrea Marzi
- Laboratory of Virology, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institutes of Health, 903 South 4th Street, Hamilton, MT, 59840, USA.
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Coffin KM, Liu J, Warren TK, Blancett CD, Kuehl KA, Nichols DK, Bearss JJ, Schellhase CW, Retterer CJ, Weidner JM, Radoshitzky SR, Brannan JM, Cardile AP, Dye JM, Palacios G, Sun MG, Kuhn JH, Bavari S, Zeng X. Persistent Marburg Virus Infection in the Testes of Nonhuman Primate Survivors. Cell Host Microbe 2018; 24:405-416.e3. [PMID: 30173956 DOI: 10.1016/j.chom.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Revised: 06/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Sexual transmission of filoviruses was first reported in 1968 after an outbreak of Marburg virus (MARV) disease and recently caused flare-ups of Ebola virus disease in the 2013-2016 outbreak. How filoviruses establish testicular persistence and are shed in semen remain unknown. We discovered that persistent MARV infection of seminiferous tubules, an immune-privileged site that harbors sperm production, is a relatively common event in crab-eating macaques that survived infection after antiviral treatment. Persistence triggers severe testicular damage, including spermatogenic cell depletion and inflammatory cell invasion. MARV mainly persists in Sertoli cells, leading to breakdown of the blood-testis barrier formed by inter-Sertoli cell tight junctions. This disruption is accompanied by local infiltration of immunosuppressive CD4+Foxp3+ regulatory T cells. Our study elucidates cellular events associated with testicular persistence that may promote sexual transmission of filoviruses and suggests that targeting immunosuppression may be warranted to clear filovirus persistence in damaged immune-privileged sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kayla M Coffin
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Jun Liu
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Travis K Warren
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Candace D Blancett
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Kathleen A Kuehl
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Donald K Nichols
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Jeremy J Bearss
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Christopher W Schellhase
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Cary J Retterer
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Jessica M Weidner
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Sheli R Radoshitzky
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Jennifer M Brannan
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Anthony P Cardile
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - John M Dye
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Gustavo Palacios
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Mei G Sun
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Jens H Kuhn
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Sina Bavari
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Xiankun Zeng
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID), 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
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9
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Fedewa G, Radoshitzky SR, Chī X, Dǒng L, Zeng X, Spear M, Strauli N, Ng M, Chandran K, Stenglein MD, Hernandez RD, Jahrling PB, Kuhn JH, DeRisi JL. Ebola virus, but not Marburg virus, replicates efficiently and without required adaptation in snake cells. Virus Evol 2018; 4:vey034. [PMID: 30524754 PMCID: PMC6277580 DOI: 10.1093/ve/vey034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Ebola virus (EBOV) disease is a viral hemorrhagic fever with a high case-fatality rate in humans. This disease is caused by four members of the filoviral genus Ebolavirus, including EBOV. The natural hosts reservoirs of ebolaviruses remain to be identified. Glycoprotein 2 of reptarenaviruses, known to infect only boa constrictors and pythons, is similar in sequence and structure to ebolaviral glycoprotein 2, suggesting that EBOV may be able to infect reptilian cells. Therefore, we serially passaged EBOV and a distantly related filovirus, Marburg virus (MARV), in boa constrictor JK cells and characterized viral infection/replication and mutational frequency by confocal imaging and sequencing. We observed that EBOV efficiently infected and replicated in JK cells, but MARV did not. In contrast to most cell lines, EBOV-infected JK cells did not result in an obvious cytopathic effect. Surprisingly, genomic characterization of serial-passaged EBOV in JK cells revealed that genomic adaptation was not required for infection. Deep sequencing coverage (>10,000×) demonstrated the existence of only a single nonsynonymous variant (EBOV glycoprotein precursor pre-GP T544I) of unknown significance within the viral population that exhibited a shift in frequency of at least 10 per cent over six serial passages. In summary, we present the first reptilian cell line that replicates a filovirus at high titers, and for the first time demonstrate a filovirus genus-specific restriction to MARV in a cell line. Our data suggest the possibility that there may be differences between the natural host spectra of ebolaviruses and marburgviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Greg Fedewa
- Integrative Program in Quantitative Biology, Bioinformatics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Sheli R Radoshitzky
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Xiǎolì Chī
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Lián Dǒng
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Xiankun Zeng
- United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Melissa Spear
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Nicolas Strauli
- Biomedical Sciences Graduate Program, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Melinda Ng
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Kartik Chandran
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Mark D Stenglein
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA
| | - Ryan D Hernandez
- Quantitative Biosciences Institute, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Institute for Human Genetics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Department of Bioengineering and Therapeutic Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Institute for Computational Health Sciences, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | - Peter B Jahrling
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Jens H Kuhn
- Integrated Research Facility at Fort Detrick, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Fort Detrick, Frederick, MD, USA
| | - Joseph L DeRisi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA
- Chan Zuckerberg Biohub, San Francisco, CA, USA
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Perreira JM, Chin CR, Feeley EM, Brass AL. IFITMs restrict the replication of multiple pathogenic viruses. J Mol Biol 2013; 425:4937-55. [PMID: 24076421 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmb.2013.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 178] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2013] [Revised: 09/18/2013] [Accepted: 09/19/2013] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
The interferon-inducible transmembrane protein (IFITM) family inhibits a growing number of pathogenic viruses, among them influenza A virus, dengue virus, hepatitis C virus, and Ebola virus. This review covers recent developments in our understanding of the IFITM's molecular determinants, potential mechanisms of action, and impact on pathogenesis.
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Changula K, Yoshida R, Noyori O, Marzi A, Miyamoto H, Ishijima M, Yokoyama A, Kajihara M, Feldmann H, Mweene AS, Takada A. Mapping of conserved and species-specific antibody epitopes on the Ebola virus nucleoprotein. Virus Res 2013; 176:83-90. [PMID: 23702199 DOI: 10.1016/j.virusres.2013.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2013] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Filoviruses (viruses in the genus Ebolavirus and Marburgvirus in the family Filoviridae) cause severe haemorrhagic fever in humans and nonhuman primates. Rapid, highly sensitive, and reliable filovirus-specific assays are required for diagnostics and outbreak control. Characterisation of antigenic sites in viral proteins can aid in the development of viral antigen detection assays such immunochromatography-based rapid diagnosis. We generated a panel of mouse monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to the nucleoprotein (NP) of Ebola virus belonging to the species Zaire ebolavirus. The mAbs were divided into seven groups based on the profiles of their specificity and cross-reactivity to other species in the Ebolavirus genus. Using synthetic peptides corresponding to the Ebola virus NP sequence, the mAb binding sites were mapped to seven antigenic regions in the C-terminal half of the NP, including two highly conserved regions among all five Ebolavirus species currently known. Furthermore, we successfully produced species-specific rabbit antisera to synthetic peptides predicted to represent unique filovirus B-cell epitopes. Our data provide useful information for the development of Ebola virus antigen detection assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katendi Changula
- School of Veterinary Medicine, The University of Zambia, Great East Road Campus, Lusaka, Zambia
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