1
|
Choi YN, Seo TW, Lee YT, Jeong DH, Yoo SJ. Nuclear endonuclease G controls cell proliferation in ovarian cancer. FEBS Open Bio 2023; 13:655-669. [PMID: 36734593 PMCID: PMC10068316 DOI: 10.1002/2211-5463.13572] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Ovarian cancer is characterized by a high degree of genetic heterogeneity. Platinum-based chemotherapy and some gene-targeted therapies have shown limited treatment efficacy due to toxicity and recurrence, and thus, it is essential to identify additional therapeutic targets based on an understanding of the pathological mechanism. Here, we report that endonuclease G, which exhibits altered expression in ovarian cancer, does not function as a cell death effector that digests chromosomal DNA in ovarian cancer. Endonuclease G is modulated by intracellular reactive oxygen species dynamics and plays a role in cell proliferation in ovarian cancer, suggesting that targeting endonuclease G alone or in combination with other antitumor agents may have the potential for development into a treatment for endonuclease G-overexpressing cancers, including ovarian cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ye Na Choi
- Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Tae Woong Seo
- Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Yui Taek Lee
- Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Dar Heum Jeong
- Department of Life and Nanopharmaceutical Sciences, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Soon Ji Yoo
- Department of Biology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Moon D, Padanilam BJ, Jang HS, Kim J. 2-Mercaptoethanol protects against DNA double-strand breaks after kidney ischemia and reperfusion injury through GPX4 upregulation. Pharmacol Rep 2022. [PMID: 35989399 DOI: 10.1007/s43440-022-00403-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/26/2022] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kidney ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) is characterized by tubular cell death. DNA double-strand breaks is one of the major sources of tubular cell death induced by IRI. 2-Mercaptoethanol (2-ME) is protective against DNA double-strand breaks derived from calf thymus and bovine embryo. Here, we sought to determine whether treatment with 2-ME attenuated DNA double-strand breaks, resulting in reduced kidney dysfunction and structural damage in IRI. METHODS Kidney IRI or sham-operation in mice was carried out. The mice were treated with 2-ME, Ras-selective lethal 3, or vehicle. Kidney function, tubular injury, DNA damage, antioxidant enzyme expression, and DNA damage response (DDR) kinases activation were assessed. RESULTS Treatment with 2-ME significantly attenuated kidney dysfunction, tubular injury, and DNA double-strand breaks after IRI. Among DDR kinases, IRI induced phosphorylation of ataxia telangiectasia mutated (ATM) and ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related (ATR), but IRI reduced phosphorylation of other DDR kinases including ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3 related, checkpoint kinase 1 (Chk1), Chk2, and Chinese hamster cells 1 (XRCC1). Treatment with 2-ME enhanced phosphorylation of ATM and ATM-mediated effector kinases in IRI-subjected kidneys, suggesting that 2-ME activates ATM-mediated DDR signaling pathway. Furthermore, 2-ME dramatically upregulated glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) in IRI-subjected kidneys. Inhibition of GPX4 augmented adverse IRI consequences including kidney dysfunction, tubular injury, DNA double-strand breaks, and inactivation of ATM-mediated DDR signaling pathway after IRI in 2-ME-treated kidneys. CONCLUSIONS We have demonstrated that exogenous 2-ME protects against DNA double-strand breaks after kidney IRI through GPX4 upregulation and ATM activation.
Collapse
|
3
|
Trapani A, Esteban MÁ, Curci F, Manno DE, Serra A, Fracchiolla G, Espinosa-Ruiz C, Castellani S, Conese M. Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Administering Antioxidant Grape Seed-Derived Polyphenol Compounds: A Potential Application in Aquaculture. Molecules 2022; 27:344. [PMID: 35056658 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27020344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 01/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
The supply of nutrients, such as antioxidant agents, to fish cells still represents a challenge in aquaculture. In this context, we investigated solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) composed of a combination of Gelucire® 50/13 and Precirol® ATO5 to administer a grape seed extract (GSE) mixture containing several antioxidant compounds. The combination of the two lipids for the SLN formation resulted in colloids exhibiting mean particle sizes in the range 139–283 nm and zeta potential values in the range +25.6–43.4 mV. Raman spectra and X-ray diffraction evidenced structural differences between the free GSE and GSE-loaded SLN, leading to the conclusion that GSE alters the structure of the lipid nanocarriers. From a biological viewpoint, cell lines from gilthead seabream and European sea bass were exposed to different concentrations of GSE-SLN for 24 h. In general, at appropriate concentrations, GSE-SLN increased the viability of the fish cells. Furthermore, regarding the gene expression in those cells, the expression of antioxidant genes was upregulated, whereas the expression of hsp70 and other genes related to the cytoskeleton was downregulated. Hence, an SLN formulation containing Gelucire® 50/13/Precirol® ATO5 and GSE may represent a compelling platform for improving the viability and antioxidant properties of fish cells.
Collapse
|
4
|
Kwon Y. Possible Beneficial Effects of N-Acetylcysteine for Treatment of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer. Antioxidants (Basel) 2021; 10:169. [PMID: 33498875 PMCID: PMC7911701 DOI: 10.3390/antiox10020169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
N-acetylcysteine (NAC) is a widely used antioxidant with therapeutic potential. However, the cancer-promoting effect of NAC observed in some preclinical studies has raised concerns regarding its clinical use. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) can mediate signaling that results in both cancer-promoting and cancer-suppressing effects. The beneficial effect of NAC may depend on whether the type of cancer relies on ROS signaling for its survival and metastasis. Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) has aggressive phenotypes and is currently treated with standard chemotherapy as the main systemic treatment option. Particularly, basal-like TNBC cells characterized by inactivated BRCA1 and mutated TP53 produce high ROS levels and rely on ROS signaling for their survival and malignant progression. In addition, the high ROS levels in TNBC cells can mediate the interplay between cancer cells and the tissue microenvironment (TME) to trigger the recruitment and conversion of stromal cells and induce hypoxic responses, thus leading to the creation of cancer-supportive TMEs and increased cancer aggressiveness. However, NAC treatment effectively reduces the ROS production and ROS-mediated signaling that contribute to cell survival, metastasis, and drug resistance in TNBC cells. Therefore, the inclusion of NAC in standard chemotherapy could probably provide additional benefits for TNBC patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Youngjoo Kwon
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Though accounts for 2.5% of all cancers in female, the death rate of ovarian cancer is high, which is the fifth leading cause of cancer death (5% of all cancer death) in female. The 5-year survival rate of ovarian cancer is less than 50%. The oncogenic molecular signaling of ovarian cancer are complicated and remain unclear, and there is a lack of effective targeted therapies for ovarian cancer treatment. METHODS In this study, we propose to investigate activated signaling pathways of individual ovarian cancer patients and sub-groups; and identify potential targets and drugs that are able to disrupt the activated signaling pathways. Specifically, we first identify the up-regulated genes of individual cancer patients using Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC), and then identify the potential activated transcription factors. After dividing ovarian cancer patients into several sub-groups sharing common transcription factors using K-modes method, we uncover the up-stream signaling pathways of activated transcription factors in each sub-group. Finally, we mapped all FDA approved drugs targeting on the upstream signaling. RESULTS The 427 ovarian cancer samples were divided into 3 sub-groups (with 100, 172, 155 samples respectively) based on the activated TFs (with 14, 25, 26 activated TFs respectively). Multiple up-stream signaling pathways, e.g., MYC, WNT, PDGFRA (RTK), PI3K, AKT TP53, and MTOR, are uncovered to activate the discovered TFs. In addition, 66 FDA approved drugs were identified targeting on the uncovered core signaling pathways. Forty-four drugs had been reported in ovarian cancer related reports. The signaling diversity and heterogeneity can be potential therapeutic targets for drug combination discovery. CONCLUSIONS The proposed integrative network analysis could uncover potential core signaling pathways, targets and drugs for ovarian cancer treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tianyu Zhang
- Institute for Informatics (I2), Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA
- Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Liwei Zhang
- Dalian University of Technology, Dalian, 116024, China
| | - Fuhai Li
- Institute for Informatics (I2), Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
- Department of Pediatrics, Washington University School of Medicine, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, 63130, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tyagi M, Bauri AK, Chattopadhyay S, Patro BS. Thiol antioxidants sensitize malabaricone C induced cancer cell death via reprogramming redox sensitive p53 and NF-κB proteins in vitro and in vivo. Free Radic Biol Med 2020; 148:182-199. [PMID: 31945496 DOI: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2020.01.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Revised: 12/26/2019] [Accepted: 01/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Specific focus on "redox cancer therapy" by targeting drugs to redox homeostasis of the cancer cells is growing rapidly. Recent clinical studies showed that N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) treatment significantly decreased the metabolic heterogeneity and reduced Ki67 (a proliferation marker) with simultaneous enhancement in apoptosis of tumor cells in patients. However, it is not yet precisely known how thiol antioxidants enhance killing of cancer cells in a context dependent manner. To this end, we showed that a dietary compound, malabaricone C (mal C) generated copious amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and also reduced GSH level in lung cancer cells. Paradoxically, although antioxidants supplementation reduced mal C-induced ROS, thiol-antioxidants (NAC/GSH) restored intracellular GSH level but enhanced DNA DSBs and apoptotic cell death induced by mal C. Our results unraveled two tightly coupled biochemical mechanisms attributing this sensitization process by thiol antioxidants. Firstly, thiol antioxidants enable the "catechol-quinone redox cycle" of mal C and ameliorate ROS generation and bio-molecular damage (DNA and protein). Secondly, thiol antioxidants cause rapid glutathionylation of transcription factors [p53, p65 (NF-κB) etc.], oxidized by mal C, and abrogates their nuclear sequestration and transcription of the anti-apoptotic genes. Furthermore, analyses of the mitochondrial fractions of p53 expressing and silenced cells revealed that cytoplasmic accumulation of glutathionylated p53 (p53-SSG) triggers a robust mitochondrial death process. Interestingly, mutation of redox sensitive cysteine residues at 124, 141 and 182 position in p53 significantly reduces mal C plus NAC mediated sensitization of cancer cells. The preclinical results, in two different tumor models in mice, provides further support our conclusion that NAC is able to sensitize mal C induced suppression of tumor growth in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mrityunjay Tyagi
- Bio-Organic Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, 400094, India
| | - Ajay Kumar Bauri
- Bio-Organic Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India
| | | | - Birija Sankar Patro
- Bio-Organic Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, 400085, India; Homi Bhabha National Institute, Training School Complex, Anushakti Nagar, Mumbai, 400094, India.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Flórido A, Saraiva N, Cerqueira S, Almeida N, Parsons M, Batinic-Haberle I, Miranda JP, Costa JG, Carrara G, Castro M, Oliveira NG, Fernandes AS. The manganese(III) porphyrin MnTnHex-2-PyP 5+ modulates intracellular ROS and breast cancer cell migration: Impact on doxorubicin-treated cells. Redox Biol 2018; 20:367-378. [PMID: 30408752 PMCID: PMC6222139 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2018.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2018] [Revised: 10/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Manganese(III) porphyrins (MnPs) are superoxide dismutase (SOD) mimics with demonstrated beneficial effects in cancer treatment in combination with chemo- and radiotherapy regimens. Despite the ongoing clinical trials, little is known about the effect of MnPs on metastasis, being therefore essential to understand how MnPs affect this process. In the present work, the impact of the MnP MnTnHex-2-PyP5+ in metastasis-related processes was assessed in breast cancer cells (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231), alone or in combination with doxorubicin (dox). The co-treatment of cells with non-cytotoxic concentrations of MnP and dox altered intracellular ROS, increasing H2O2. While MnP alone did not modify cell migration, the co-exposure led to a reduction in collective cell migration and chemotaxis. In addition, the MnP reduced the dox-induced increase in random migration of MDA-MB-231 cells. Treatment with either MnP or dox decreased the proteolytic invasion of MDA-MB-231 cells, although the effect was more pronounced upon co-exposure with both compounds. Moreover, to explore the cellular mechanisms underlying the observed effects, cell adhesion, spreading, focal adhesions, and NF-κB activation were also studied. Although differential effects were observed according to the endpoints analysed, overall, the alterations induced by MnP in dox-treated cells were consistent with a therapeutically favorable outcome. MnPs are SOD mimics with potential therapeutic applications in cancer. The impact of an MnP on breast cancer metastasis-related processes was assessed. Treatment with MnP+dox decreased collective cell migration, chemotaxis and invasion. MnP also reduced the dox-induced increase in random migration of MDA-MB-231 cells. Combination of MnP with dox revealed therapeutically favorable effects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Flórido
- CBIOS, Universidade Lusófona Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, Lisboa 1749-024, Portugal; Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, Lisboa 1649-003, Portugal
| | - Nuno Saraiva
- CBIOS, Universidade Lusófona Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, Lisboa 1749-024, Portugal
| | - Sara Cerqueira
- CBIOS, Universidade Lusófona Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, Lisboa 1749-024, Portugal
| | - Nuno Almeida
- CBIOS, Universidade Lusófona Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, Lisboa 1749-024, Portugal
| | - Maddy Parsons
- Randall Centre for Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, England, UK
| | - Ines Batinic-Haberle
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | - Joana P Miranda
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, Lisboa 1649-003, Portugal
| | - João G Costa
- CBIOS, Universidade Lusófona Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, Lisboa 1749-024, Portugal; Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, Lisboa 1649-003, Portugal
| | - Guia Carrara
- Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1QP, UK
| | - Matilde Castro
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, Lisboa 1649-003, Portugal
| | - Nuno G Oliveira
- Research Institute for Medicines (iMed.ULisboa), Faculty of Pharmacy, Universidade de Lisboa, Av. Professor Gama Pinto, Lisboa 1649-003, Portugal
| | - Ana S Fernandes
- CBIOS, Universidade Lusófona Research Center for Biosciences & Health Technologies, Campo Grande 376, Lisboa 1749-024, Portugal.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Stebbing J, Shah K, Lit LC, Gagliano T, Ditsiou A, Wang T, Wendler F, Simon T, Szabó KS, O'Hanlon T, Dean M, Roslani AC, Cheah SH, Lee SC, Giamas G. LMTK3 confers chemo-resistance in breast cancer. Oncogene 2018; 37:3113-3130. [PMID: 29540829 PMCID: PMC5992129 DOI: 10.1038/s41388-018-0197-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2017] [Revised: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 02/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Lemur tyrosine kinase 3 (LMTK3) is an oncogenic kinase that is involved in different types of cancer (breast, lung, gastric, colorectal) and biological processes including proliferation, invasion, migration, chromatin remodeling as well as innate and acquired endocrine resistance. However, the role of LMTK3 in response to cytotoxic chemotherapy has not been investigated thus far. Using both 2D and 3D tissue culture models, we found that overexpression of LMTK3 decreased the sensitivity of breast cancer cell lines to cytotoxic (doxorubicin) treatment. In a mouse model we showed that ectopic overexpression of LMTK3 decreases the efficacy of doxorubicin in reducing tumor growth. Interestingly, breast cancer cells overexpressing LMTK3 delayed the generation of double strand breaks (DSBs) after exposure to doxorubicin, as measured by the formation of γH2AX foci. This effect was at least partly mediated by decreased activity of ataxia-telangiectasia mutated kinase (ATM) as indicated by its reduced phosphorylation levels. In addition, our RNA-seq analyses showed that doxorubicin differentially regulated the expression of over 700 genes depending on LMTK3 protein expression levels. Furthermore, these genes were found to promote DNA repair, cell viability and tumorigenesis processes / pathways in LMTK3-overexpressing MCF7 cells. In human cancers, immunohistochemistry staining of LMTK3 in pre- and post-chemotherapy breast tumor pairs from four separate clinical cohorts revealed a significant increase of LMTK3 following both doxorubicin and docetaxel based chemotherapy. In aggregate, our findings show for the first time a contribution of LMTK3 in cytotoxic drug resistance in breast cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justin Stebbing
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Division of Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London, W12 ONN, UK
| | - Kalpit Shah
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Lei Cheng Lit
- Department of Surgery and Cancer, Division of Cancer, Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital Campus, Du Cane Road, London, W12 ONN, UK
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Teresa Gagliano
- School of Life Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedicine, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9QG, UK
| | - Angeliki Ditsiou
- School of Life Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedicine, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9QG, UK
| | - Tingting Wang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Centre for Life Sciences, 28 Medical Drive, #02-15, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Franz Wendler
- School of Life Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedicine, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9QG, UK
| | - Thomas Simon
- School of Life Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedicine, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9QG, UK
| | - Krisztina Sára Szabó
- School of Life Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedicine, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9QG, UK
| | - Timothy O'Hanlon
- Cancer Genomics Research Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - Michael Dean
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute (NCI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA
| | - April Camilla Roslani
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Swee Hung Cheah
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, 50603, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Soo-Chin Lee
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore, Centre for Life Sciences, 28 Medical Drive, #02-15, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Georgios Giamas
- School of Life Sciences, Department of Biochemistry and Biomedicine, University of Sussex, Brighton, BN1 9QG, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Shih YL, Chou J, Yeh MY, Chou HM, Chou HC, Lu HF, Shang HS, Chueh FS, Chu YL, Hsueh SC, Chung JG. Casticin induces DNA damage and inhibits DNA repair-associated protein expression in B16F10 mouse melanoma cancer cells. Oncol Rep 2016; 36:2094-100. [DOI: 10.3892/or.2016.5027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
|
10
|
Yamada T, Das Gupta TK, Beattie CW. p28-Mediated Activation of p53 in G2–M Phase of the Cell Cycle Enhances the Efficacy of DNA Damaging and Antimitotic Chemotherapy. Cancer Res 2016; 76:2354-65. [DOI: 10.1158/0008-5472.can-15-2355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/15/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
11
|
Zhang X, Trépanier V, Beaujois R, Viranaicken W, Drobetsky E, DesGroseillers L. The downregulation of the RNA-binding protein Staufen2 in response to DNA damage promotes apoptosis. Nucleic Acids Res 2016; 44:3695-712. [PMID: 26843428 PMCID: PMC4856980 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkw057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Staufen2 (Stau2) is an RNA-binding protein involved in cell fate decision by controlling several facets of mRNA processing including localization, splicing, translation and stability. Herein we report that exposure to DNA-damaging agents that generate replicative stress such as camptothecin (CPT), 5-fluoro-uracil (5FU) and ultraviolet radiation (UVC) causes downregulation of Stau2 in HCT116 colorectal cancer cells. In contrast, other agents such as doxorubicin and ionizing radiation had no effect on Stau2 expression. Consistently, Stau2 expression is regulated by the ataxia telangiectasia and Rad3-related (ATR) signaling pathway but not by the DNA-PK or ataxia telangiectasia mutated/checkpoint kinase 2 pathways. Stau2 downregulation is initiated at the level of transcription, independently of apoptosis induction. Promoter analysis identified a short 198 bp region which is necessary and sufficient for both basal and CPT-regulated Stau2 expression. The E2F1 transcription factor regulates Stau2 in untreated cells, an effect that is abolished by CPT treatment due to E2F1 displacement from the promoter. Strikingly, Stau2 downregulation enhances levels of DNA damage and promotes apoptosis in CPT-treated cells. Taken together our results suggest that Stau2 is an anti-apoptotic protein that could be involved in DNA replication and/or maintenance of genome integrity and that its expression is regulated by E2F1 via the ATR signaling pathway.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhang
- Département de Biochimie et médecine moléculaire, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, 2900 Edouard Montpetit Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Véronique Trépanier
- Département de Biochimie et médecine moléculaire, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, 2900 Edouard Montpetit Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Remy Beaujois
- Département de Biochimie et médecine moléculaire, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, 2900 Edouard Montpetit Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Wildriss Viranaicken
- Département de Biochimie et médecine moléculaire, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, 2900 Edouard Montpetit Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| | - Elliot Drobetsky
- Département de Médecine, Université de Montréal and Centre de Recherche, Hôpital Maisonneuve Rosemont, Montréal, Québec, H1T 2M4, Canada
| | - Luc DesGroseillers
- Département de Biochimie et médecine moléculaire, Faculté de médecine, Université de Montréal, 2900 Edouard Montpetit Montréal, QC H3T 1J4, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Amini A, Masoumi-Moghaddam S, Ehteda A, Liauw W, Morris DL. Potentiation of chemotherapeutics by bromelain and N-acetylcysteine: sequential and combination therapy of gastrointestinal cancer cells. Am J Cancer Res 2016; 6:350-369. [PMID: 27186409 PMCID: PMC4859666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2015] [Accepted: 06/25/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Intraperitoneal chemotherapy together with cytoreductive surgery is the standard of care for a number of peritoneal surface malignancies. However, this approach fails to maintain the complete response and disease recurs due to microscopic residual disease. Although safer than systemic chemotherapy regimens, locoregional treatment with chemotherapeutics can induce toxicity which is a major concern affecting the patient's treatment protocol and outcome. For an enhanced treatment efficacy, efforts should be made to maximize cytotoxic effects of chemotherapeutic agents on tumor cells while minimizing their toxic effects on host cells. Bromelain and N-acetylcysteine are two natural agents with good safety profiles shown to have anti-cancer effects. However, their interaction with chemotherapeutics is unknown. In this study, we investigated if these agents have the potential to sensitize in vitro gastrointestinal cancer models to cisplatin, paclitaxel, 5-fluorouracil, and vincristine. The drug-drug interaction was also analyzed. Our findings suggest that combination of bromelain and N-acetylcysteine with chemotherapeutic agents could give rise to an improved chemotherapeutic index in therapeutic approaches to peritoneal surface malignancies of gastrointestinal origin so that maximum benefits could result from less toxic and more patient-friendly doses. This represents a potentially efficacious strategy for the enhancement of microscopic cytoreduction and is a promising area for future research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Afshin Amini
- Department of Surgery, St George Hospital, The University of New South WalesGray Street, Kogarah, Sydney NSW 2217, Australia
| | - Samar Masoumi-Moghaddam
- Department of Surgery, St George Hospital, The University of New South WalesGray Street, Kogarah, Sydney NSW 2217, Australia
| | - Anahid Ehteda
- Department of Surgery, St George Hospital, The University of New South WalesGray Street, Kogarah, Sydney NSW 2217, Australia
| | - Winston Liauw
- Cancer Care Center, St George Hospital, The University of New South WalesGray Street, Kogarah, Sydney NSW 2217, Australia
| | - David Lawson Morris
- Department of Surgery, St George Hospital, The University of New South WalesGray Street, Kogarah, Sydney NSW 2217, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Amini A, Masoumi-Moghaddam S, Ehteda A, Morris DL. Bromelain and N-acetylcysteine inhibit proliferation and survival of gastrointestinal cancer cells in vitro: significance of combination therapy. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2014. [PMID: 25425315 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-014-0092-7.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bromelain and N-acetylcysteine are two natural, sulfhydryl-containing compounds with good safety profiles which have been investigated for their benefits and application in health and disease for more than fifty years. As such, the potential values of these agents in cancer therapy have been variably reported in the literature. In the present study, the efficacy of bromelain and N-acetylcysteine in single agent and combination treatment of human gastrointestinal carcinoma cells was evaluated in vitro and the underlying mechanisms of effect were explored. METHODS The growth-inhibitory effects of bromelain and N-acetylcysteine, on their own and in combination, on a panel of human gastrointestinal carcinoma cell lines, including MKN45, KATO-III, HT29-5F12, HT29-5M21 and LS174T, were assessed by sulforhodamine B assay. Moreover, the influence of the treatment on the expression of a range of proteins involved in the regulation of cell cycle and survival was investigated by Western blot. The presence of apoptosis was also examined by TUNEL assay. RESULTS Bromelain and N-acetylcysteine significantly inhibited cell proliferation, more potently in combination therapy. Drug-drug interaction in combination therapy was found to be predominantly synergistic or additive. Mechanistically, apoptotic bodies were detected in treated cells by TUNEL assay. Furthermore, Western blot analysis revealed diminution of cyclins A, B and D, the emergence of immunoreactive subunits of caspase-3, caspase-7, caspase-8 and cleaved PARP, withering or cleavage of procaspase-9, overexpression of cytochrome c, reduced expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and pro-survival phospho-Akt, the emergence of the autophagosomal marker LC3-II and deregulation of other autophagy-related proteins, including Atg3, Atg5, Atg7, Atg12 and Beclin 1. These results were more prominent in combination therapy. CONCLUSION We report for the first time to our knowledge the growth-inhibitory and cytotoxic effects of bromelain and N-acetylcysteine, in particular in combination, on a panel of gastrointestinal cancer cell lines with different phenotypes and characteristics. These effects apparently resulted from cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and autophagy. Towards the development of novel strategies for the enhancement of microscopic cytoreduction, our results lay the basis for further evaluation of this formulation in locoregional approaches to peritoneal surface malignancies and carcinomatosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Afshin Amini
- Department of Surgery, St George Hospital, 4-10 South Street, Kogarah, Sydney 2217, NSW, Australia.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Amini A, Masoumi-Moghaddam S, Ehteda A, Morris DL. Bromelain and N-acetylcysteine inhibit proliferation and survival of gastrointestinal cancer cells in vitro: significance of combination therapy. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2014; 33:92. [PMID: 25425315 PMCID: PMC4245783 DOI: 10.1186/s13046-014-0092-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2014] [Accepted: 10/22/2014] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Background Bromelain and N-acetylcysteine are two natural, sulfhydryl-containing compounds with good safety profiles which have been investigated for their benefits and application in health and disease for more than fifty years. As such, the potential values of these agents in cancer therapy have been variably reported in the literature. In the present study, the efficacy of bromelain and N-acetylcysteine in single agent and combination treatment of human gastrointestinal carcinoma cells was evaluated in vitro and the underlying mechanisms of effect were explored. Methods The growth-inhibitory effects of bromelain and N-acetylcysteine, on their own and in combination, on a panel of human gastrointestinal carcinoma cell lines, including MKN45, KATO-III, HT29-5F12, HT29-5M21 and LS174T, were assessed by sulforhodamine B assay. Moreover, the influence of the treatment on the expression of a range of proteins involved in the regulation of cell cycle and survival was investigated by Western blot. The presence of apoptosis was also examined by TUNEL assay. Results Bromelain and N-acetylcysteine significantly inhibited cell proliferation, more potently in combination therapy. Drug-drug interaction in combination therapy was found to be predominantly synergistic or additive. Mechanistically, apoptotic bodies were detected in treated cells by TUNEL assay. Furthermore, Western blot analysis revealed diminution of cyclins A, B and D, the emergence of immunoreactive subunits of caspase-3, caspase-7, caspase-8 and cleaved PARP, withering or cleavage of procaspase-9, overexpression of cytochrome c, reduced expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and pro-survival phospho-Akt, the emergence of the autophagosomal marker LC3-II and deregulation of other autophagy-related proteins, including Atg3, Atg5, Atg7, Atg12 and Beclin 1. These results were more prominent in combination therapy. Conclusion We report for the first time to our knowledge the growth-inhibitory and cytotoxic effects of bromelain and N-acetylcysteine, in particular in combination, on a panel of gastrointestinal cancer cell lines with different phenotypes and characteristics. These effects apparently resulted from cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and autophagy. Towards the development of novel strategies for the enhancement of microscopic cytoreduction, our results lay the basis for further evaluation of this formulation in locoregional approaches to peritoneal surface malignancies and carcinomatosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Afshin Amini
- Department of Surgery, St George Hospital, 4-10 South Street, Kogarah, Sydney 2217, NSW, Australia.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ristic B, Bosnjak M, Arsikin K, Mircic A, Suzin-Zivkovic V, Bogdanovic A, Perovic V, Martinovic T, Kravic-Stevovic T, Bumbasirevic V, Trajkovic V, Harhaji-Trajkovic L. Idarubicin induces mTOR-dependent cytotoxic autophagy in leukemic cells. Exp Cell Res 2014; 326:90-102. [PMID: 24907655 DOI: 10.1016/j.yexcr.2014.05.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2014] [Revised: 05/21/2014] [Accepted: 05/26/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
We investigated if the antileukemic drug idarubicin induces autophagy, a process of programmed cellular self-digestion, in leukemic cell lines and primary leukemic cells. Transmission electron microscopy and acridine orange staining demonstrated the presence of autophagic vesicles and intracellular acidification, respectively, in idarubicin-treated REH leukemic cell line. Idarubicin increased punctuation/aggregation of microtubule-associated light chain 3B (LC3B), enhanced the conversion of LC3B-I to autophagosome-associated LC3B-II in the presence of proteolysis inhibitors, and promoted the degradation of the selective autophagic target p62, thus indicating the increase in autophagic flux. Idarubicin inhibited the phosphorylation of the main autophagy repressor mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and its downstream target p70S6 kinase. The treatment with the mTOR activator leucine prevented idarubicin-mediated autophagy induction. Idarubicin-induced mTOR repression was associated with the activation of the mTOR inhibitor AMP-activated protein kinase and down-regulation of the mTOR activator Akt. The suppression of autophagy by pharmacological inhibitors or LC3B and beclin-1 genetic knockdown rescued REH cells from idarubicin-mediated oxidative stress, mitochondrial depolarization, caspase activation and apoptotic DNA fragmentation. Idarubicin also caused mTOR inhibition and cytotoxic autophagy in K562 leukemic cell line and leukocytes from chronic myeloid leukemia patients, but not healthy controls. By demonstrating mTOR-dependent cytotoxic autophagy in idarubicin-treated leukemic cells, our results warrant caution when considering combining idarubicin with autophagy inhibitors in leukemia therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Biljana Ristic
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotica 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mihajlo Bosnjak
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Katarina Arsikin
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotica 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Aleksandar Mircic
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Violeta Suzin-Zivkovic
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Andrija Bogdanovic
- Clinic for Hematology, Clinical Centre of Serbia, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Perovic
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotica 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tamara Martinovic
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Tamara Kravic-Stevovic
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Bumbasirevic
- Institute of Histology and Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Trajkovic
- Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Dr. Subotica 1, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| | - Ljubica Harhaji-Trajkovic
- Institute for Biological Research, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Despot Stefan Blvd. 142, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Capelôa T, Caramelo F, Fontes-Ribeiro C, Gomes C, Silva AP. Role of methamphetamine on glioblastoma cytotoxicity induced by doxorubicin and methotrexate. Neurotox Res 2014; 26:216-27. [PMID: 24652521 DOI: 10.1007/s12640-014-9464-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2014] [Revised: 03/04/2014] [Accepted: 03/06/2014] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most common and malignant primary brain tumor with a high mortality rate. Doxorubicin (DOX) and methotrexate (MTX) showed to be effective against a wide range of tumors, but its use in GBM treatment is limited in part due to the inability to cross the blood-brain barrier (BBB). Based on recent studies demonstrating that methamphetamine (METH) increases BBB permeability, we hypothesized that it could be used as a pharmacological tool to allow the entry of potential therapeutic drugs into the brain. Nevertheless, before attempting this approach it is crucial to understand the cytotoxicity of such drug combinations. Herein, we evaluated the effects of METH on cell viability, migration, chemotaxis, and cell cycle, as well as its modulator effects on DOX or MTX-induced cytotoxicity in a human U118 GBM cell line. Our results demonstrated that both chemotherapeutic drugs DOX and MTX induced a pronounced decrease in cell viability, migration, and chemotaxis, and led to a cell cycle arrest at G2 and S phases, respectively. Additionally, METH (1 μM) neither interfered with U-118 cell viability, migration, or cell cycle nor modified DOX- or MTX-induced cytotoxicity. Noteworthy, METH by itself impaired cell chemotaxis with a similar effect to that induced by DOX or MTX alone. Overall, we can conclude that both DOX and MTX are highly cytotoxic against GBM cells and that METH, at a concentration previously shown to increase endothelial cell permeability without leading to cell death, does not interfere with the cytotoxicity of both chemotherapeutic drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tânia Capelôa
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, Azinhaga de Santa Comba, Celas, 3000-548, Coimbra, Portugal
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Hann SS, Zheng F, Zhao S. Targeting 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 by N-acetyl-cysteine through activation of peroxisome proliferators activated receptor alpha in human lung cancer cells, the role of p53 and p65. J Exp Clin Cancer Res 2013; 32:43. [PMID: 23867003 PMCID: PMC3720217 DOI: 10.1186/1756-9966-32-43] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Accepted: 07/01/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Background N-Acetyl-Cysteine (NAC), a natural sulfur-containing amino acid derivative, and peroxisome proliferators activated receptor alpha (PPARα) ligand have been shown to have anticancer properties. However, the mechanisms by which these agents inhibit human non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) cell growth have not been well elucidated. Methods Small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) were used to knockdown 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase 1 (PDK1), PPARα, p65 and p53 genes; Western Blot was performed to detect the protein expression of PDK1, PPARα, p65 and p53; Cell viability and MTT assays were carried out to determine the cell proliferation; Transient transfection and Dual-Luciferase Reporter assays were used to transfect siRNAs or exogenous expression vectors, and to measure the gene promoter activity. Results We showed that NAC inhibited NSCLC cell proliferation through reduction of PDK1 expression. NAC also induced the protein expression of PPARα. While PPARα ligand enhanced, PPARα antagonist and siRNA abrogated the effect of NAC on PDK1 promoter activity, protein expression and cell growth. Overexpression of PDK1 diminished the inhibitory effect of NAC on cell proliferation. NAC induced p53 and reduced p65 protein expression through activation of PPARα. Silencing of p53 and overexpression of p65 blocked the effect of NAC on PDK1 promoter activity and protein expression. Conclusion Our results show that NAC inhibits PDK1 expression through PPARα-mediated induction of p53 and inhibition of p65 protein expression. PPARα ligand enhances the effect of NAC. This ultimately inhibits NSCLC cell growth. This study unveils a novel mechanism by which NAC in combination with PPARα ligand inhibits growth of human lung carcinoma cells.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Swei Sunny Hann
- Second Clinical Medical Collage, University of Guangzhou Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Room 421, 4th Floor, Scientific Research Building, Neihuan West Road No, 55, University City, Panyu District, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province 510120, PR China.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Tavares-Valente D, Baltazar F, Moreira R, Queirós O. Cancer cell bioenergetics and pH regulation influence breast cancer cell resistance to paclitaxel and doxorubicin. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2013; 45:467-75. [DOI: 10.1007/s10863-013-9519-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2013] [Accepted: 06/14/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
|