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Rodrigue C, Rodgers RF, Carbonneau N, Bégin C, Dion J. COVID-19-Related distress, body image, and eating behaviors: a cross-sectional explanatory model. BMC Psychol 2024; 12:117. [PMID: 38431696 PMCID: PMC10908208 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-024-01613-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The COVID-19 pandemic has been associated with increased body dissatisfaction and disordered eating behaviors in adolescents. To better understand these associations, this study tested an explanatory model in which appearance-focused social media use, internalization of social media pressure, and mindfulness abilities mediated the relationship between COVID-related distress and body dissatisfaction, which in turn was associated with dietary restraint and binge eating episodes. METHODS Adolescents (N = 493, Mage= 16.7; 47.5% girls) recruited within high schools completed online measures. We conducted model testing through path analysis in MPlus, using modification indices to derive a well-fitting model. RESULTS The initially hypothesized model was a poor fit for the data. The final well-adjusted model confirmed several significant paths and supported the parallel mediational roles of social media (specifically, the use of appearance-focused social media and internalization of social media pressure) along with mindfulness, on the relationship between COVID-19-related distress and body satisfaction. Model adjustments involved adding three paths, resulting in two additional significant indirect effects, and suppressing one path. CONCLUSIONS Findings suggest that mindfulness, media use and the internalization of social media pressure are potential key processes explaining body dissatisfaction and eating disorders among adolescents who experienced higher levels of COVID-related distress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Rodrigue
- Department of Psychology, University of Quebec at Trois-Rivières, 3351 des Forges Blvd, Trois-Rivières, QC, G8Z 4M3, Canada.
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Laval University, 2440 Hochelaga Blvd, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada.
- Intersectional Center for Sustainable Health, University of Quebec at Chicoutimi, 555 de l'Université Blvd, Chicoutimi, QC, G7H 2B1, Canada.
| | - Rachel F Rodgers
- Department of Applied Psychology, Northeastern University, 360 Huntington Avenue, MA02115, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Noémie Carbonneau
- Department of Psychology, University of Quebec at Trois-Rivières, 3351 des Forges Blvd, Trois-Rivières, QC, G8Z 4M3, Canada
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Intimate Relationship Problems and Sexual Abuse, Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, 90 Vincent d'Indy, Montreal, QC, H2V 2S9, Canada
| | - Catherine Bégin
- Faculty of Agriculture and Food Sciences, Laval University, 2440 Hochelaga Blvd, Québec, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Intimate Relationship Problems and Sexual Abuse, Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, 90 Vincent d'Indy, Montreal, QC, H2V 2S9, Canada
| | - Jacinthe Dion
- Department of Psychology, University of Quebec at Trois-Rivières, 3351 des Forges Blvd, Trois-Rivières, QC, G8Z 4M3, Canada
- Intersectional Center for Sustainable Health, University of Quebec at Chicoutimi, 555 de l'Université Blvd, Chicoutimi, QC, G7H 2B1, Canada
- Interdisciplinary Research Center on Intimate Relationship Problems and Sexual Abuse, Department of Psychology, University of Montreal, 90 Vincent d'Indy, Montreal, QC, H2V 2S9, Canada
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Kwon J, Kim YV. Korean Adolescents before and after COVID-19: Changes in Physical Activity, Mental Health, and Hygiene Management. Iran J Public Health 2024; 53:136-144. [PMID: 38694870 PMCID: PMC11058376 DOI: 10.18502/ijph.v53i1.14690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/04/2024]
Abstract
Background Adolescence is when health behaviors, namely, physical activity (PA), mental health, and hygiene management, are established. As the young represent our future societal welfare, their health requires attention, particularly in the face of a pandemic. We explored changes in Korean adolescent PA, mental health, and hygiene management before and after the COVID-19 pandemic to identify recommendations for improving adolescent health. Methods We collected 2019-2021 data from the Korea Youth Risk Behavior Surveys from the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency for 166,590 middle and high school students (2019: 57,069; 2020: 54,809; 2021: 54,712). We analyzed seven variables (regular PA, high-intensity PA, and strength exercise participation, stress recognition, sleep-time satisfaction, brushing practice, and handwashing practice) to examine changes in adolescent behavior during these years. Results The findings indicated statistically significant differences in all seven variables over the three years (P<0.05). Specifically, regular PA was higher in 2019 and 2021 than in 2020; high-intensity PAs were highest in 2019, followed by 2021 and 2020; strength exercises were the highest in 2020, followed by 2021 and 2019; stress recognition was higher in 2019 and 2021 than in 2020; sleep-time satisfaction was the highest in 2020, followed by 2021 and 2019; brushing practice was the highest in 2019, followed by 2020 and 2021; and handwashing practice was the highest in 2020, followed by 2021 and 2019. Conclusion The results recommend the need to encourage structured moderate-to-vigorous adolescent PA and systematic health education to improve Korean adolescent health behavior after COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeonga Kwon
- Department of Elementary Education, College of First, Korea National University of Education, Cheongju, Korea
| | - Young-Vin Kim
- Department of Sports and Leisure, School of Arts and Health Care, Myongji College, Seoul, Korea
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Zambrano-Sánchez E, Martínez-Cortéz JA, Dehesa-Moreno M, del Río-Carlos Y, Sánchez-Cortés NA, Villalpando-Hernández J, del Consuelo Martínez-Wbaldo M. Manifest anxiety and quality of life in schoolchildren with ADHD during confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Actas Esp Psiquiatr 2023; 51:148-156. [PMID: 37817734 PMCID: PMC10803832] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/12/2023]
Abstract
The pandemic generated by COVID-19 forced the governments of all countries to enter into quarantine, modifying the daily coexistence among family members.
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Karadayian A, Merlo A, Czerniczyniec A, Lores-Arnaiz S, Hendriksen PA, Kiani P, Bruce G, Verster JC. Alcohol Consumption, Hangovers, and Smoking among Buenos Aires University Students during the COVID-19 Pandemic. J Clin Med 2023; 12:1491. [PMID: 36836026 PMCID: PMC9962191 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12041491] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Revised: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 02/11/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
In Argentina, the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic led to serious changes to social interaction, health, economy, and education. Argentina experienced two extensive lockdown periods. University education remained virtual for almost two academic years. The purpose of the present work was to analyze the impact of the COVID-19 lockdowns in Argentina on alcohol consumption, hangover severity and smoking among university students in Buenos Aires. A retrospective online survey was conducted in 2021 among students of the University of Buenos Aires. Participants aged 18-35 years old were asked about the average number of alcoholic drinks and number of drinking days per week, binge drinking occasions, drunkenness, next day hangover severity, number of hangovers per month, and smoking behavior. The results showed that the first and second COVID-19 lockdowns were associated with significant reductions in both weekly alcohol consumption, and hangover severity and subjective intoxication on their heaviest drinking occasions. Males consumed significantly more alcohol than females, and older students (25-35 years old) consumed more alcohol than younger students (18-24 years old). In addition, younger students reduced the number of cigarettes smoked per day during the two lockdown periods while older students exhibited significantly more smoking days per week. In conclusion, the present work in Argentinian students revealed a significant reduction in weekly alcohol consumption, and subjective intoxication and hangover severity on their heaviest drinking occasions during the pandemic lockdown periods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Analia Karadayian
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina
| | - Agnese Merlo
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Analia Czerniczyniec
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina
| | - Silvia Lores-Arnaiz
- Instituto de Bioquímica y Medicina Molecular (IBIMOL), CONICET, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires 1113, Argentina
| | - Pauline A. Hendriksen
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Pantea Kiani
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Gillian Bruce
- Division of Psychology and Social Work, School of Education and Social Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley PA1 2BE, UK
| | - Joris C. Verster
- Division of Pharmacology, Utrecht Institute for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Utrecht University, Universiteitsweg 99, 3584CG Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Centre for Human Psychopharmacology, Swinburne University, Melbourne, VIC 3122, Australia
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Fadda M, Melotto M, Caiata-Zufferey M, Puhan MA, Frei A, Albanese E, Camerini AL. Joys or Sorrows of Parenting During the COVID-19 Lockdown: A Scoping Review. Public Health Rev 2023; 43:1605263. [PMID: 36686329 PMCID: PMC9845277 DOI: 10.3389/phrs.2022.1605263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Objectives: The aim of this scoping review was to map out the existing evidence of the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on parents of children and adolescents. We sought to: 1) identify parenting domains that were particularly affected by lockdown measures, 2) describe the challenges and opportunities of lockdown measures in these domains, and 3) define protective and exacerbating factors modulating the effect of lockdown measures on parents. Methods: We identified five main domains investigated in the context of parenting during the early COVID-19 lockdown derived from 84 studies: health and wellbeing, parental role, couple functioning, family and social relationships, and paid and unpaid work. For each domain, we listed challenges and opportunities, as well as discriminant factors. Results: The lockdown impacted all five different but interconnected domains, introduced new roles in parents' lives, and particularly affected women and vulnerable populations. Conclusion: This scoping review highlights the importance of approaching public health policymaking from a social justice perspective. Such an approach argues for social and public health policies to promote health accounting for its social, economic, political, and commercial determinants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Fadda
- Institute of Public Health, Università della Svizzera italiana (USI), Lugano, Switzerland,*Correspondence: Marta Fadda,
| | - Matilde Melotto
- Institute of Public Health, Università della Svizzera italiana (USI), Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Maria Caiata-Zufferey
- Department of Business Economics, Health and Social Care, University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland (SUPSI), Manno, Switzerland
| | - Milo Alan Puhan
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Anja Frei
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Prevention Institute, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Emiliano Albanese
- Institute of Public Health, Università della Svizzera italiana (USI), Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Anne-Linda Camerini
- Institute of Public Health, Università della Svizzera italiana (USI), Lugano, Switzerland
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Marciano L, Viswanath K, Morese R, Camerini AL. Screen time and adolescents' mental health before and after the COVID-19 lockdown in Switzerland: A natural experiment. Front Psychiatry 2022; 13:981881. [PMID: 36465307 PMCID: PMC9709147 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2022.981881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background During the COVID-19 lockdown in 2020, adolescents' mental health was largely undermined. A general increment in screen time was reported. However, the long-term effects of the latter on adolescents' mental health are still little explored. Methods In the present natural experiment, we investigated these effects using longitudinal data collected before and after the first lockdown in Switzerland. Data come from 674 Swiss adolescents (56.7% females, Mage = 14.45, SDage = 0.50) during Spring 2019 (T1) and Autumn 2020 (T2) as part of the longitudinal MEDIATICINO study. Self-reported mental health measures included somatic symptoms, inattention, anxiety, irritability, anger, sleep problems, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, loneliness, and depression. Measures for screen-media activities included time spent on the Internet, smartphones, social media, video gaming, instant messaging, and television viewing. They were all assessed at T1 and T2. Results Paired-sample t-tests with Bonferroni's correction showed that most mental health problems increased over time with an overall medium effect size (Hedge's g = 0.337). In particular, medium effect sizes were found for anxiety, depression, and inattention; small-to-medium effect sizes were reported for loneliness, sleep problems, and obsessive-compulsive symptoms; and a small effect size was found for somatic symptoms. Screen-media activities increased, with the exception of television viewing and video gaming. The results of the hierarchical regression analyses showed that, controlling for covariates, increased time spent on social media - calculated as the difference between T2 and T1 - was the only screen-media activity significantly associated with worse mental health at T2 (β = 0.112, p = 0.016). More time spent in structured media activities like television viewing diminished levels of inattention (β = -0.091, p = 0.021) and anxiety (β = -0.093, p = 0.014). Among covariates, being female, experiencing two or more life events, having mental health problems at T1, and using screens for homeschooling negatively influenced mental health at T2. Conclusion These results align with literature indicating a small but negative effect of social media time on mental health. Underlying mechanisms are manifold, including increased exposure to COVID-19 news, heightened fear of missing out, social comparison, and time-displaced for activities such as physical activity and green time. However, in line with the structured days hypothesis, getting involved in media-structured activities like television viewing might protect against mental health symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Marciano
- Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Kasisomayajula Viswanath
- Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health and Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Rosalba Morese
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
- Faculty of Communication, Culture and Society, Università della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Anne-Linda Camerini
- Faculty of Biomedical Sciences, Università della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
- Institute of Public Health, Università della Svizzera italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
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Joisten C. Bewegungsmangel und mögliche gesundheitliche Auswirkungen der Covid-19-Pandemie auf Kinder und Jugendliche. Forum Kind Jugend Sport 2022. [PMCID: PMC9491647 DOI: 10.1007/s43594-022-00074-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christine Joisten
- Institut für Bewegungs- und Neurowissenschaften, Abteilung für Bewegungs- und Gesundheitsförderung, Deutsche Sporthochschule Köln, Köln, Deutschland
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Hendriksen PA, Kiani P, Merlo A, Karadayian A, Czerniczyniec A, Lores-arnaiz S, Bruce G, Verster JC. The COLIBAS Study—COVID-19 Lockdown Effects on Mood, Academic Functioning, Alcohol Consumption, and Perceived Immune Fitness: Data from Buenos Aires University Students. Data 2022; 7:131. [DOI: 10.3390/data7090131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
A recent study was conducted in the Netherlands to evaluate the impact of the 2019 coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic and its associated lockdown periods on academic functioning, mood, and health correlates such as alcohol consumption. The study revealed that lockdowns were associated with a significantly poorer mood and a reduced perceived immune fitness. Overall, a reduction was seen in alcohol consumption during the lockdown periods. Academic functioning in terms of performance was unaffected; however, a significant reduction in interactions with other students and teachers was reported. There was, however, great variability between students as follows: both an increase and a reduction in alcohol consumption were reported, as well as improvements and poorer academic functioning. The aim of the current online study was to replicate these findings in Argentina. To this extent, a modified version of the survey was conducted among students at the University of Buenos Aires, which was adapted to the local lockdown measures. The survey assessed possible changes in self-reported academic functioning, mood, and health correlates, such as alcohol consumption, perceived immune functioning, and sleep quality compared to before the COVID-19 pandemic. Retrospective assessments were made for four periods, including (1) the period before COVID-19, (2) the first lockdown period (March–December 2020), (3) summer 2021 (January-March 2021, no lockdown), and (4) the second lockdown (from April 2021 to July 2021). This article describes the content of the survey and the corresponding dataset. The survey was completed by 508 participants.
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