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Maldonado J, Arrarás I, Iriarte M, Otano C, Carvajal A, Centeno C. Unlocking the Hidden Dimensions of Cancer Care: Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Feasibility Study of ESAS-FS, Assessing Spiritual Pain and Financial Distress in a Spanish-speaking Population with Advanced Cancer. J Pain Symptom Manage 2024; 67:290-295. [PMID: 38185194 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2023.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 12/03/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Spiritual pain and financial distress are two important dimensions of cancer care that are often overlooked. Both dimensions can have a significant impact on the quality of life of patients with cancer and their families. METHODS This study conducted a cross-cultural adaptation, feasibility study, and psychometric properties of the Edmonton Symptom Assessment System-Financial and Spiritual (ESAS-FS) in a Spanish-speaking population with advanced cancer. The ESAS-FS is a patient-reported outcome measure that assesses 12 symptoms, including spiritual pain and financial distress. RESULTS In the cross-cultural adaptation process, the terms "spiritual pain" and "financial distress" were refined to "sufrimiento espiritual" and "preocupación por asuntos económicos" respectively, with strong professional consensus and high patients' acceptancy (relevant questions 80%, appropriate terms 91%). A cohort of 100 onco-hematologic patients revealed that 70% experienced spiritual pain (mean 2.9/10), while 49% reported financial distress (mean 2.2/10). Symptomatic analyses illustrated significant associations of spiritual pain with various symptoms like fatigue, drowsiness, and depression. Similarly, financial distress correlated notably with drowsiness, depression, and anxiety. Moreover, a distinct correlation was observed between spiritual pain and financial distress. CONCLUSION The findings of this study suggest that the ESAS-FS is a valuable tool for assessing spiritual pain and financial distress in Spanish-speaking patients with advanced cancer. The tool can be used to identify patients who are experiencing these dimensions of distress and to provide them with appropriate care.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Maldonado
- Fundación CUDECA (J.M.), Benalmádena, Andalucía, Spain.
| | - I Arrarás
- Facultad de Medicina (I.A.), Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - M Iriarte
- Servicio de Medicina Paliativa (M.I., C.O., C.C.), Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - C Otano
- Servicio de Medicina Paliativa (M.I., C.O., C.C.), Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - A Carvajal
- Facultad de Enfermería (A.C.), Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
| | - C Centeno
- Servicio de Medicina Paliativa (M.I., C.O., C.C.), Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
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Ruedas-Torres I, Puente H, Fristikova K, Argüello H, Salguero FJ, Carvajal A, Gómez-Laguna J. Pathological and immunohistochemical assessment of the impact of three different strains of swine enteric coronaviruses in the intestinal barrier. Vet Microbiol 2024; 290:109956. [PMID: 38217919 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2023.109956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2024]
Abstract
Swine enteric coronaviruses, such as porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) or transmissible gastroenteritis virus (TGEV), have risen concern for the porcine industry and research community due to the increase in their virulence, their potential recombination capacity and the emergence of new variants. This in vivo study aims to compare the impact of three different strains of swine enteric coronaviruses [(two G1b (S-INDEL) PEDV strains and a recombinant TGEV-PEDV or Swine enteric coronavirus (SeCoV)] in the intestine of 3-weeks-old infected piglets, focusing on the pathology and main components of the intestinal barrier, including the number of goblet cells, and the expression of IgA as well as FoxP3, a regulatory T cell marker. Severity of lesions was evidenced in the three infected groups and was highly correlated with the viral load in feces and the frequency of viral antigen-positive cells. Furthermore, higher cellular death together with an increase in the expression of the FoxP3 marker was detected in the duodenum and jejunum of infected animals at 3 days post-infection. Our results highlight a recruitment of FoxP3+ cells in the small intestine of infected animals which may represent a response to the tissue damage caused by viral replication and cell death. Further studies should be addressed to determine the potential role of these cells during swine enteric coronavirus infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Ruedas-Torres
- Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology and Toxicology, Pathology and Immunology Group (UCO-PIG), UIC Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes (ENZOEM), International Agrifood Campus of Excellence (ceiA3), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain.
| | - H Puente
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of León, 24007 León, Spain
| | - K Fristikova
- Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology and Toxicology, Pathology and Immunology Group (UCO-PIG), UIC Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes (ENZOEM), International Agrifood Campus of Excellence (ceiA3), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
| | - H Argüello
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of León, 24007 León, Spain
| | - F J Salguero
- United Kingdom Health Security Agency (UKHSA), Porton Down, Salisbury SP4 0JG, UK
| | - A Carvajal
- Department of Animal Health, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of León, 24007 León, Spain
| | - J Gómez-Laguna
- Department of Anatomy and Comparative Pathology and Toxicology, Pathology and Immunology Group (UCO-PIG), UIC Zoonosis y Enfermedades Emergentes (ENZOEM), International Agrifood Campus of Excellence (ceiA3), Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Córdoba, 14014 Córdoba, Spain
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Rodríguez-Prieto M, Modino-García F, de la Arada-Benavides C, de la Puente R, Carvajal A, Rodríguez-Cabañeros I, de Prado-Santos C, de Mota-Luna B, Fernández-Villa T, Fernández-Váquez JP, Martín V. Immunogenicity of BNT162b2 vaccine after two and three doses in health personnel and institutionalized elderly people not infected with SARS-CoV-2. Semergen 2024; 50:102092. [PMID: 37832164 DOI: 10.1016/j.semerg.2023.102092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2023] [Revised: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aim of our research was to compare the evolution of the immune response induced by the BNT162b2 vaccine after the administration of two and three doses in healthcare personnel and in institutionalized elderly people (>65 years of age) without previous SARS-CoV-2 infection. MATERIAL AND METHODS A prospective observational study was carried out on a convenience sample made up of health workers and institutionalized elderly people, measuring antibodies against S and N proteins of SARS-CoV-2 two and six months after receiving the second vaccine dose, as well as two months after receiving the third dose. RESULTS A significant reduction of the anti-S humoral immune response was reported six months after the second dose of vaccine in both health workers and residents. The administration of a third dose of vaccine induced a significant increase in this antibody response in both investigated groups reaching a similar proportion of responders two months after this third dose. CONCLUSIONS Humoral immunity induced by two doses of the BNT162b2 vaccine in persons without prior SARS-CoV-2 infection wanes over time. The administration of a third dose significantly increases anti-S antibodies being highly recommended, especially in people over 65 years of age.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rodríguez-Prieto
- SACYL, Centro de Salud La Palomera, Avda. San Juan de Sahagún S/N, 24007 León, Spain
| | - F Modino-García
- SACYL, Centro de Salud La Palomera, Avda. San Juan de Sahagún S/N, 24007 León, Spain
| | | | - R de la Puente
- Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana S/N, 24071 León, Spain
| | - A Carvajal
- Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana S/N, 24071 León, Spain.
| | - I Rodríguez-Cabañeros
- SACYL, Centro de Salud La Bañeza, C/Doctor Fleming S/N, 24750 La Bañeza, León, Spain
| | - C de Prado-Santos
- SACYL, Centro de Salud La Bañeza, C/Doctor Fleming S/N, 24750 La Bañeza, León, Spain
| | - B de Mota-Luna
- SACYL, Centro de Salud La Bañeza, C/Doctor Fleming S/N, 24750 La Bañeza, León, Spain
| | - T Fernández-Villa
- Universidad de León, Campus de Vegazana S/N, 24071 León, Spain; Grupo de Investigación en Interacción Gen-Ambiente y Salud (GIIGAS) / Instituto de Biomedicina (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, León, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)>, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - V Martín
- Grupo de Investigación en Interacción Gen-Ambiente y Salud (GIIGAS) / Instituto de Biomedicina (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, León, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP)>, Madrid, Spain
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Caroca E, Serrano A, Borja R, Jiménez A, Carvajal A, Braga AFM, Rodriguez-Gutierrez G, Fermoso FG. Influence of phenols and furans released during thermal pretreatment of olive mill solid waste on its anaerobic digestion. Waste Manag 2021; 120:202-208. [PMID: 33310132 DOI: 10.1016/j.wasman.2020.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 11/04/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The application of thermal pretreatments to facilitate its anaerobic digestion has associated phenols and furans production, which are commonly identified as inhibitory compounds. Phenols and furans extraction can be done from a liquid phase produced after the thermal pretreatment. In the present study this dephenolized liquid phase (DLP) showed an increase of 42% in methane yield compared to the raw liquid phase (LP) demonstrating the inhibitor character of such compounds. The main extracted phenols and furans were: 3,4-Dihydroxyphenylglycol (DHPG), Hydroxytyrosol (HT), Tyrosol (Ty), Vanillic acid (AcV), Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), Vanillin (V) and Furfural (F).This study also aimed to evaluate the individual effect on methane production of these specific phenols and furans the within the mixture of several ones from LP. The evaluation of the individual compounds over the methanogenesis of a dephenolized liquid phase showed that only V was inhibitory on both methane yield and methane production rate. HMF had a significantly negative effect on methane yield, but improved the methane production rate instead. Ty, F, DHPG and HT favoured the methane yield and production rate. Additionally, it was observed that negative effect of some individual phenols and furans was counteracted by the positive effect of other compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Caroca
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida Vicuña Mackenna 3939 San Joaquín, Santiago, Chile; Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Carretera de Utrera, 1, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - A Serrano
- Instituto de la Grasa (CSIC), Seville, Spain; School of Civil Engineering, The University of Queensland, Campus St Lucia, Ed. 49, CP 4067, Brisbane, Australia
| | - R Borja
- Instituto de la Grasa (CSIC), Seville, Spain
| | - A Jiménez
- Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Carretera de Utrera, 1, 41013 Seville, Spain
| | - A Carvajal
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida Vicuña Mackenna 3939 San Joaquín, Santiago, Chile.
| | - A F M Braga
- Center for Research, Development and Innovation in Environmental Engineering, São Carlos School of Engineering (EESC), University of São Paulo (USP), Engenharia Ambiental - Bloco 4-F, Av. João Dagnone, 1100 - Santa Angelina, 13.563-120, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | | | - F G Fermoso
- Instituto de la Grasa (CSIC), Seville, Spain
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López de la Iglesia J, Fernández-Villa T, Rivero A, Carvajal A, Bay Simon E, Martínez Martínez M, Argüello H, Puente H, Fernández Vázquez JP. Predictive factors of COVID-19 in patients with negative RT-qPCR. Semergen 2020; 46 Suppl 1:6-11. [PMID: 32651152 PMCID: PMC7309836 DOI: 10.1016/j.semerg.2020.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the factors associated with false negatives in RT-qPCR in patients with mild-moderate symptoms of COVID-19. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a cross-sectional study that used a random sample of non-hospitalized patients from the primary care management division of the Healthcare Area of Leon (58 RT-qPCR-positive cases and 52 RT-qPCR-negative cases). Information regarding symptoms was collected and all patients were simultaneously tested using two rapid diagnostic tests - RDTs (Combined - cRDT and Differentiated - dRDT). The association between symptoms and SARS-CoV-2 infection was evaluated by non-conditional logistic regression, with estimation of Odds Ratio. RESULTS A total of 110 subjects were studied, 52% of whom were women (mean age: 48.2±11.0 years). There were 42.3% of negative RT-qPCRs that were positive in some RDTs. Fever over 38°C (present in 35.5% of cases) and anosmia (present in 41.8%) were the symptoms most associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection, a relationship that remained statistically significant in patients with negative RT-qPCR and some positive RDT (aOR=6.64; 95%CI=1.33-33.13 and aOR=19.38; 95% CI=3.69-101.89, respectively). CONCLUSIONS RT-qPCR is the technique of choice in the diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection, but it is not exempt from false negatives. Our results show that patients who present mild or moderate symptoms with negative RT-qPCR, but with fever and/or anosmia, should be considered as suspicious cases and should be evaluated with other diagnostic methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- J López de la Iglesia
- Especialista en Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria, Centro de salud Condesa, León, Spain
| | - T Fernández-Villa
- Grupo de Investigación en Interacciones Gen-Ambiente y Salud (GIIGAS)/Instituto de Biomedicina (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, León, Spain.
| | - A Rivero
- Dirección de Enfermería, Gerencia de Atención Primaria del Área de Salud de León, Spain
| | - A Carvajal
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - E Bay Simon
- Residente de cuarto año de medicina familiar y comunitaria, Centro de Salud San Andrés del Rabanedo, León, Spain
| | | | - H Argüello
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - H Puente
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Universidad de León, León, Spain
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Martín V, Fernández-Villa T, Lamuedra Gil de Gomez M, Mencía-Ares O, Rivero Rodríguez A, Reguero Celada S, Montoro Gómez M, Nuevo Guisado MT, Villa Aller C, Díez Flecha C, Carvajal A, Fernández Vázquez JP. Prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in general practitioners and nurses in primary care and nursing homes in the Healthcare Area of León and associated factors. Semergen 2020; 46 Suppl 1:35-39. [PMID: 32646731 PMCID: PMC7275148 DOI: 10.1016/j.semerg.2020.05.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the prevalence of and factors associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection in general practitioners and nurses from primary care centers and nursing homes in the Healthcare Area of León (Spain). Materials and methods Cross-sectional study in a convenience sample of professionals from 30 health centers and 30 nursing homes from the primary care management division of the Healthcare Area of Leon. The work center, type of profession, COVID-19 infection, level of exposure, compliance with preventive measures, isolation (if required) and diagnostic tests carried out were collected. The determination of infection was made by differentiated rapid diagnostic test (dRDT), using a finger-stick whole-blood sample. The association of variables with infection was assessed by multivariable non-conditional logistic regression. The true prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection was calculated according to two scenarios for RDT (Sensitivity = 0.6 and Specificity = 0.985; Sensitivity = 0.8 and Specificity = 1). Results The true prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection was between 4.9% and 11.0%. The observed prevalence was 5.9% and was higher in nursing homes than in primary care centers (9.5% vs. 5.5%). No statistically significant differences were observed by sex, type of professional, level of exposure or compliance with preventive measures. Conclusions The prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection in this group is low. A high number of professionals remain susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection and therefore protective measures should be taken, especially for professionals working in nursing homes.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Martín
- Grupo de Investigación en Interacciones Gen-Ambiente y Salud (GIIGAS)/Instituto de Biomedicina (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, León, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Epidemiología y Salud Pública, CIBERESP, Spain
| | - T Fernández-Villa
- Grupo de Investigación en Interacciones Gen-Ambiente y Salud (GIIGAS)/Instituto de Biomedicina (IBIOMED), Universidad de León, León, Spain.
| | - M Lamuedra Gil de Gomez
- Residente de 2° año en Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria, Centro de salud Condesa, León, Spain
| | - O Mencía-Ares
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - A Rivero Rodríguez
- Dirección de Enfermería, Gerencia de Atención Primaria del Área de Salud de León, Spain
| | - S Reguero Celada
- Especialista en Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria, Centro de Salud San Andrés del Rabanedo, Spain
| | - M Montoro Gómez
- Residente de 2° año en Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria, Centro de salud Condesa, León, Spain
| | - M T Nuevo Guisado
- Residente de 2° año en Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria, Centro de Salud de San Andrés del Rabanedo, León, Spain
| | - C Villa Aller
- Enfermería, Gerencia de Atención Primaria del Área de Salud de León, Spain
| | - C Díez Flecha
- Enfermería, Gerencia de Atención Primaria del Área de Salud de León, Spain
| | - A Carvajal
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Universidad de León, León, Spain
| | - J P Fernández Vázquez
- Gerente de Atención Primaria, Gerencia de Atención Primaria del Área de Salud de León, Spain
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García EL, Carvajal A, Reyes L, Tomada N. Sexual Medicine. Ibero-American Issue. A Global Project. Actas Urol Esp 2020; 44:261. [PMID: 32620214 DOI: 10.1016/j.acuro.2020.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E Lledó García
- Sección de Andrología y Cirugía Reconstructiva Uretro-Genital. Servicio de Urología. Hospital General U. Gregorio Marañón. Madrid, España.
| | - A Carvajal
- Departamento de Urología. Universidad CES. Medellín, Colombia
| | - L Reyes
- Servicio de Urología. Hospital Médica Sur. Ciudad de México, México
| | - N Tomada
- Servicio de Urología. Hospital da Luz. Porto, Portugal
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Servián-Morilla E, Cabrera-Serrano M, Rivas-Infante E, Carvajal A, Lamont PJ, Pelayo-Negro AL, Ravenscroft G, Junckerstorff R, Dyke JM, Fletcher S, Adams AM, Mavillard F, Fernández-García MA, Nieto-González JL, Laing NG, Paradas C. Altered myogenesis and premature senescence underlie human TRIM32-related myopathy. Acta Neuropathol Commun 2019; 7:30. [PMID: 30823891 PMCID: PMC6396567 DOI: 10.1186/s40478-019-0683-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2019] [Accepted: 02/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
TRIM32 is a E3 ubiquitin -ligase containing RING, B-box, coiled-coil and six C-terminal NHL domains. Mutations involving NHL and coiled-coil domains result in a pure myopathy (LGMD2H/STM) while the only described mutation in the B-box domain is associated with a multisystemic disorder without myopathy (Bardet-Biedl syndrome type11), suggesting that these domains are involved in distinct processes. Knock-out (T32KO) and knock-in mice carrying the c.1465G > A (p.D489N) involving the NHL domain (T32KI) show alterations in muscle regrowth after atrophy and satellite cells senescence. Here, we present phenotypical description and functional characterization of mutations in the RING, coiled-coil and NHL domains of TRIM32 causing a muscle dystrophy. Reduced levels of TRIM32 protein was observed in all patient muscle studied, regardless of the type of mutation (missense, single amino acid deletion, and frameshift) or the mutated domain. The affected patients presented with variable phenotypes but predominantly proximal weakness. Two patients had symptoms of both muscular dystrophy and Bardet-Biedl syndrome. The muscle magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) pattern is highly variable among patients and families. Primary myoblast culture from these patients demonstrated common findings consistent with reduced proliferation and differentiation, diminished satellite cell pool, accelerated senescence of muscle, and signs of autophagy activation.
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Wyman V, Serrano A, Borja R, Jiménez A, Carvajal A, Lenz M, Bartacek J, Fermoso FG. Effects of barium on the pathways of anaerobic digestion. J Environ Manage 2019; 232:397-403. [PMID: 30500703 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.11.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The sufficient presence of trace elements (TE) is essential for anaerobic digestion. Barium (Ba) is considered a non-essential trace element that can be collaterally added to digesters as part of low-cost trace element sources or because of its presence in some feedstocks, such as crude glycerol. In the present study, the impact of Ba supplementation (2-2000 mg/L) on each stage of the anaerobic digestion (AD) process was evaluated using pure substrates (i.e., cellulose, glucose, a mixture of volatile fatty acids, sodium acetate and hydrogen) as well as a complex substrate (i.e., dried green fodder). Hydrolytic activity was affected at dosages higher than 200 mg Ba/L, whereas cellulose degradation was completely inhibited at 2000 mg Ba/L. The negative effects of the addition of Ba to methane production were observed only in the hydrolytic activity, and no effects were detected at any barium dosage in the subsequent anaerobic steps. Because Ba does not have a reported role as a cofactor of enzymes, this response could have been due to a direct inhibitory effect, a variation in the bioavailability of other trace elements, or even the availability of CO2/SO4 through precipitation as Ba-carbonates and sulphates. The results showed that the addition of Ba modified the chemical equilibrium of the studied system by varying the soluble concentration of some TEs and therefore their bioavailability. The highest variation was detected in the soluble concentration of zinc, which increased as the amount of Ba increased. Although little research has shown that Ba has some utility in anaerobic processes, its addition must be carefully monitored to avoid an undesirable modification of the chemical equilibrium in the system.
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Affiliation(s)
- V Wyman
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida Vicuña Mackenna 3939, San Joaquín, Santiago, Chile; Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Carretera de Utrera, 1, 41013, Seville, Spain
| | - A Serrano
- Instituto de la Grasa (CSIC), Seville, Spain; School of Civil Engineering, The University of Queensland, Ed. 49, Campus St Lucia, 4067, Brisbane, Australia.
| | - R Borja
- Instituto de la Grasa (CSIC), Seville, Spain
| | - A Jiménez
- Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Carretera de Utrera, 1, 41013, Seville, Spain
| | - A Carvajal
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Avenida Vicuña Mackenna 3939, San Joaquín, Santiago, Chile
| | - M Lenz
- Institute for Ecopreneurship, School of Life Sciences, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Switzerland; Sub-Department of Environmental Technology, Wageningen University, 6700 AA, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - J Bartacek
- University of Chemistry and Technology Prague, Czech Republic
| | - F G Fermoso
- Instituto de la Grasa (CSIC), Seville, Spain
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Strauss R, Guillen A, Torres J, Castro J, Eibach D, Leon LH, Leon SH, Navas T, Carvajal A, Drummond T, Hernandez E, Aurenty L, Lopez M, Vielma S, Hernández E, Lopez N, Navas V, Lopez S, Rosas M. Clinical and molecular epidemiology of the current Venezuelan diphtheria epidemic. A hospital-based experience. Int J Infect Dis 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2018.11.308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Cabrera-Serrano M, Rivas-Infante E, Mavillard F, Morar B, Comas D, Carvajal A, Avila R, Muelas N, Olive M, Diaz J, Verges E, Romero N, Laporte J, Vilchez J, Laing N, Kalaydjieva L, Paradas C. BIN1 founder mutation in the Spanish gypsy population is the most frequent cause of adult onset centronuclear myopathies in the south of Spain. Neuromuscul Disord 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2017.06.288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Oroviogoicoechea C, Carvajal A, Soteras MA, Beortegui E, de la Hera C, Aznárez MA. [Validity and reliability of the Spanish version of the oral assessment guide (OAG) in cancer patients]. An Sist Sanit Navar 2017; 38:225-34. [PMID: 26486528 DOI: 10.23938/assn.0071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Oral Assessment Guide (OAG) is a widely used tool designed for evaluating problems of oral mucous in cancer patients, but it has not been validated in Spanish. The aim of this work is to translate and validate into Spanish the scale of the OAG designed by Eilers. METHOD The translation process was carried out using the method of back-translation by bilingual translators. The study was carried out with cancer patients, both outpatient and inpatients, of the Hematology/Oncology Department and with oncology nurses. The following psychometric properties of the OAG were evaluated: internal consistency, concurrent validity with WHO's mucositis scale, interjudge agreement between two different nurses. The perception of patients and nurses on the use of the OAG was also assessed. RESULTS An adequate Spanish version of the OAG was obtained. All the participants (n=40) completed the study. Internal consistency measured by Cronbach's alpha was 0.71 and interjudge agreement obtained a moderate to good Kappa index in the majority of items (k=0.4-0.81), except in "tongue and gums" (k=0.33-0.37). Concurrent validity with WHO mucositis scale was acceptable (r=0.458). All the nurses (n=6) considered that the scale was easy to understand and useful in clinical practice. The patients said that oral evaluation with the scale did not cause them discomfort. CONCLUSIONS The Spanish version of the OAG is a valid and reliable instrument in cancer patients. It is a scale that is easy to use in clinical practice and is well accepted by patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A Carvajal
- Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, 31008, Spain.
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Sol C, Oddo JM, Puyalto M, Carvajal A, Gómez M, Costillas S, Mallo JJ, Rubio P. 031 In vitro evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of several short- and medium-chain fatty acid salts and their combinations. J Anim Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.2527/asasann.2017.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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Oddo JM, Mesas L, Sol C, Gómez M, Costillas S, Carvajal A, Mallo JJ, Rubio P, Miranda R. 032 Antibacterial activity of different essential oils and their combinations against relevant enteric pathogenic bacteria. J Anim Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.2527/asasann.2017.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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15
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Carvajal A, Uribe J, Montoya G, Ferrer J. 296 Ejaculatory Disorders in Four Centers of Medellin – Colombia. Twenty-Two Year Follow-Up. J Sex Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2016.11.200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Servian-Morilla E, Carvajal A, Rivas-Infante E, Paradas C. Novel mutation in TRIM32 is associated to a distal myopathy and disrupted myogenesis. Neuromuscul Disord 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nmd.2016.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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de la Barra R, Martínez ME, Carvajal A. Morphostructural Relationships and Productive Functionality of Sheep Breeds Used for Terminal Crossbreeding in Chile. INT J MORPHOL 2016. [DOI: 10.4067/s0717-95022016000300024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Martín J, Carvajal A, Arantzamendi M. Instrumentos para valorar al paciente con insuficiencia cardíaca avanzada: una revisión de la literatura. An Sist Sanit Navar 2015. [DOI: 10.4321/s1137-66272015000300008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Martín J, Carvajal A, Arantzamendi M. [Assessment instruments for patients with advanced heart failure: a review of the literature]. An Sist Sanit Navar 2015; 38:439-452. [PMID: 26786371 DOI: 10.23938/assn.0284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A quarter of the people with heart failure are at an advanced stage of the disease, during which they experience numerous common and distressing symptoms that have an impact on all spheres of their life. In this context, there is a need for frequent assessment and clinical monitoring of patients. The aim of this review is to identify the instruments used in assessing patients with advanced heart failure. For the purposes of this study, any type of questionnaire, scale or functional test used to assess some aspect of these patients was considered to be an instrument. Forty-nine tools were identified that make it possible to assess symptoms, psychological, cognitive and spiritual aspects and quality of life. The information provided on the most used instruments and their availability and applicability is a first step for their possible integration into daily clinical practice. Thus, professionals who work with these patients can improve the identification of specific needs, enabling their subsequent management and monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Martín
- Facultad de Enfermería, Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, 31008, Spain.
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Oroviogoicoechea C, Carvajal A, Soteras M, Beortegui E, Hera CDL, Aznárez M. Validez y fiabilidad de la versión española de la guía de valoración oral (OAG) en pacientes con cáncer. An Sist Sanit Navar 2015. [DOI: 10.4321/s1137-66272015000200006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Martín Arias L, Sanz R, Sáinz M, Treceño C, Carvajal A. Guillain-Barré syndrome and influenza vaccines: A meta-analysis. Vaccine 2015; 33:3773-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2015] [Revised: 04/20/2015] [Accepted: 05/07/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Baquero F, Carvajal A, De Rafael L, Reig M, Salesa R. Etiology and epidemiology of neonatal septicemia in hospital units. Antibiot Chemother (1971) 2015; 21:138-45. [PMID: 1259360 DOI: 10.1159/000398528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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23
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Astorga Márquez RJ, Carvajal A, Maldonado A, Gordon SV, Salas R, Gómez-Guillamón F, Sánchez-Baro A, López-Sebastián A, Santiago-Moreno J. Influence of cohabitation between domestic goat (Capra aegagrus hircus) and Iberian ibex (Capra pyrenaica hispanica) on seroprevalence of infectious diseases. EUR J WILDLIFE RES 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s10344-013-0785-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Osorio J, Carvajal A, Naharro G, Rubio P, La T, Phillips ND, Hampson DJ. Identification of weakly haemolytic Brachyspira isolates recovered from pigs with diarrhoea in Spain and Portugal and comparison with results from other countries. Res Vet Sci 2013; 95:861-9. [PMID: 23928181 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2013.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2013] [Revised: 07/02/2013] [Accepted: 07/13/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Weakly haemolytic anaerobic intestinal spirochaetes of the genus Brachyspira are commonly identified based on species-specific gene sequences. Apart from the pathogenic Brachyspira pilosicoli, the distribution and disease associations of the other weakly haemolytic Brachyspira species in pigs have not been comprehensively investigated. In this study weakly haemolytic Brachyspira isolates (n=67) from Spanish and Portuguese pigs with diarrhoea, negative in a routine diagnostic PCR for B. pilosicoli, were identified by sequencing their NADH oxidase genes (nox). Nearly half the isolates were identified as Brachyspira murdochii (n=31; 46.3%). The others were Brachyspira innocens (n=26; 38.8%), Brachyspira intermedia (n=7; 10.4%), "Brachyspira pulli" (n=1; 1.5%) and a potentially novel Brachyspira species (n=2; 3%). Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) on a subset of 18 isolates confirmed their species designations, including the potential new species, and identified similarities to strains from other countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Osorio
- Animal Health Department, Faculty of Veterinary Sciences, University of León, León 24071, Spain
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Álvarez-Ordóñez A, Carvajal A, Arguello H, Martínez-Lobo F, Naharro G, Rubio P. Antibacterial activity and mode of action of a commercial citrus fruit extract. J Appl Microbiol 2013; 115:50-60. [DOI: 10.1111/jam.12216] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2013] [Revised: 03/11/2013] [Accepted: 03/27/2013] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Álvarez-Ordóñez
- Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology Unit, Department of Animal Health, Veterinary Faculty; University of León; León Spain
| | - A. Carvajal
- Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology Unit, Department of Animal Health, Veterinary Faculty; University of León; León Spain
| | - H. Arguello
- Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology Unit, Department of Animal Health, Veterinary Faculty; University of León; León Spain
| | - F.J. Martínez-Lobo
- Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology Unit, Department of Animal Health, Veterinary Faculty; University of León; León Spain
| | - G. Naharro
- Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology Unit, Department of Animal Health, Veterinary Faculty; University of León; León Spain
| | - P. Rubio
- Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology Unit, Department of Animal Health, Veterinary Faculty; University of León; León Spain
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Leite MI, Waters P, Carvajal A, Woodhall M, Vincent A. 1700 Expanding the phenotypic spectrum of progressive encephalomyelitis with rigidity and myoclonus syndrome (PERMS) associated with glycine receptor antibody: clinical and laboratory study of 20 patients. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/jnnp-2011-301993.26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Carvajal A, Ortega PG, Sáinz M, Velasco V, Salado I, Martín Arias L, Eiros J, Pérez Rubio A, Castrodeza J. Adverse events associated with pandemic influenza vaccines: Comparison of the results of a follow-up study with those coming from spontaneous reporting. Vaccine 2011; 29:519-22. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2010.10.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2010] [Revised: 10/19/2010] [Accepted: 10/22/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Hidalgo A, Carvajal A, García-Feliz C, Osorio J, Rubio P. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Spanish field isolates of Brachyspira hyodysenteriae. Res Vet Sci 2008; 87:7-12. [PMID: 19084246 DOI: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2008.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2008] [Revised: 10/30/2008] [Accepted: 10/31/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
This study is the first conducted in Spain to evaluate antimicrobial susceptibility of field isolates of Brachyspira hyodysenteriae. One hundred and eight isolates of the bacterium, recovered from different Spanish swine farms between 2000 and 2007, were investigated. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of erythromycin, tylosin, tiamulin, valnemulin, clindamycin and lincomycin were determined using a broth microdilution technique. Most of the isolates showed poor susceptibility to erythromycin (MIC(90)>256 microg/ml), tylosin (MIC(90)>256 microg/ml), clindamycin (MIC(90)>4 microg/ml) and lincomycin (MIC(90)=128 microg/ml). Reduced susceptibility to tiamulin and valnemulin was observed with a MIC>2 microg/ml in 17.6% and 7.41% of the B. hyodysenteriae isolates, respectively. Moreover, a survival analysis permitted the detection of an increasing trend in the MIC values for almost all the antimicrobials used in the treatment of swine dysentery when comparing recent isolates (from 2006 to 2007) with those recovered in earlier years (between 2000 and 2004).
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Affiliation(s)
- A Hidalgo
- Department of Animal Health (Infectious Diseases and Epidemiology), Veterinary Faculty, University of León, Spain.
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31
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García-Feliz C, Collazos JA, Carvajal A, Herrera S, Echeita MA, Rubio P. Antimicrobial Resistance of Salmonella enterica Isolates from Apparently Healthy and Clinically Ill Finishing Pigs in Spain. Zoonoses Public Health 2008; 55:195-205. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1863-2378.2008.01110.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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32
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García-Feliz C, Collazos JA, Carvajal A, Vidal AB, Aladueña A, Ramiro R, de la Fuente M, Echeita MA, Rubio P. Salmonella enterica infections in Spanish swine fattening units. Zoonoses Public Health 2007; 54:294-300. [PMID: 17894639 DOI: 10.1111/j.1863-2378.2007.01065.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The present study is the first conducted in Spain to estimate the bacteriological herd prevalence of Salmonella enterica in fattening units and to describe the Salmonella serovar diversity on these farms using a sample representative of the entire swine population. For this purpose, 10 faecal samples were collected from 10 different pens containing pigs close to market weight in a total of 232 fattening units. Total sample size was proportionally distributed according to the fattener census in each of the regions of the country and all the samples were examined by culture of 25 g of faecal material. One hundred (43.1%) farms had at least one Salmonella-positive sample (95% CI: 37-49.1%). Salmonella enterica was detected in 290 (12.5%) pooled faecal floor samples (95% CI: 11.2-13.8%). The apparent herd prevalence of salmonellosis was similar among multi-site, finishing and farrow to finish farms. Overall, 24 different serovars were identified, with S. Typhimurium, S. Rissen and S. Derby being the most common both at herd and sample level. Results of phage typing were available for the 91 isolates of S. Typhimurium. A total number of 10 different phage types were identified, with DT 193 being the most frequent. Phage types DT 104, DT 104b and DT U302, which have been associated with several multi-resistant patterns, accounted for 23% and 29% of the Typhimurium total isolates or Typhimurium infected farms respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- C García-Feliz
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal (Enfermedades Infecciosas y Epidemiología), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, E-24071 León, Spain
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Carvajal A, Espinoza N, Kato S, Pinto M, Sadarangani A, Monso C, Aranda E, Villalon M, Richer JK, Horwitz KB, Brosens JJ, Owen GI. Progesterone pre-treatment potentiates EGF pathway signaling in the breast cancer cell line ZR-75. Breast Cancer Res Treat 2007; 94:171-83. [PMID: 16175315 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-005-7726-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Progesterone in hormone replacement therapy (HRT) preparations increases, while hysterectomy greatly reduces, the incidence of breast cancer. Cross-talk between the progesterone and growth factor signaling pathways occurs at multiple levels and this maybe a key factor in breast cancer survival and progression. To test this hypothesis, we characterized the effect of progesterone pre-treatment on the sensitization of the epidermal growth factor (EGF) signaling pathway to EGF in the breast cancer cell line ZR-75. For the first time in ZR-75 cells and in agreement with previous work using synthetic progestins, we demonstrate that pre-treatment with the natural ligand progesterone increases EGF receptor (EGFR) levels and subsequent ligand-dependent phosphorylation. Downstream we demonstrate that progesterone alone increases erk-1 + 2 phosphorylation, potentiates EGF-phosphorylated erk-1 + 2 and maintains these levels elevated for 24 h; over 20 h longer than in vehicle treated cells. Additionally, progesterone increased the levels of STAT5, another component of the EGF signaling cascade. Progesterone increased EGF mediated transcription of a c-fos promoter reporter and the nuclear localization of the native c-fos protein. Furthermore, progesterone and EGF both alone and in combination, significantly increase cell proliferation. Several results presented herein demonstrate the conformity between the action of the natural ligand progesterone with that of synthetic progestins such as MPA and R5020 and allows the postulation that the progestin/progesterone-dependent increase of EGF signaling provides a survival advantage to burgeoning cancer cells and may contribute to the breast cancer risk associated with endogenous progesterone and with progestin-containing HRT.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Carvajal
- Unidad de Reproducción y Desarrollo, Facultad de Ciencias Biológicas, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Affiliation(s)
- A Carvajal
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal (Enfermedades Infecciosas y Epidemiología), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, E-24071 León, Spain
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Sicardy B, Widemann T, Lellouch E, Veillet C, Cuillandre JC, Colas F, Roques F, Beisker W, Kretlow M, Lagrange AM, Gendron E, Lacombe F, Lecacheux J, Birnbaum C, Fienga A, Leyrat C, Maury A, Raynaud E, Renner S, Schultheis M, Brooks K, Delsanti A, Hainaut OR, Gilmozzi R, Lidman C, Spyromilio J, Rapaport M, Rosenzweig P, Naranjo O, Porras L, Díaz F, Calderón H, Carrillo S, Carvajal A, Recalde E, Cavero LG, Montalvo C, Barría D, Campos R, Duffard R, Levato H. Large changes in Pluto's atmosphere as revealed by recent stellar occultations. Nature 2003; 424:168-70. [PMID: 12853950 DOI: 10.1038/nature01766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 110] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2003] [Accepted: 05/27/2003] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Pluto's tenuous nitrogen atmosphere was first detected by the imprint left on the light curve of a star that was occulted by the planet in 1985 (ref. 1), and studied more extensively during a second occultation event in 1988 (refs 2-6). These events are, however, quite rare and Pluto's atmosphere remains poorly understood, as in particular the planet has not yet been visited by a spacecraft. Here we report data from the first occultations by Pluto since 1988. We find that, during the intervening 14 years, there seems to have been a doubling of the atmospheric pressure, a probable seasonal effect on Pluto.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Sicardy
- Observatoire de Paris, LESIA, 92195 Meudon, France.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVES New marketed antimigraine drugs (triptans) are promising in the management of migraine pain. The impact of these new drugs on the overall consumption of the antimigraine drugs merits an analysis. MATERIAL AND METHODS The package units of antimigraine drugs, sold and reimbursed by the Spanish National Health System, are used for estimations. Data are presented as defined daily doses per 10,000 inhabitants/day. RESULTS During the 1990-2000 period, antimigraine drug utilization as a whole decreased by more than 25%; triptan use increased while ergot alkaloids' declined. CONCLUSIONS The pattern of antimigraine drug utilization in Spain has changed noticeably in accordance with recent recommendations.
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Camargo R, Andrade RJ, Lucena MI, Alcántara R, Carvajal A. Antidepressant-induced hepatotoxicity. Rev Esp Enferm Dig 2002; 94:759-71. [PMID: 12733334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R Camargo
- Hepatology Unit, Digestive Service, Hospital Clínico Universitario Virgen de la Victoria, Málaga, Spain
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de Arriba ML, Carvajal A, Pozo J, Rubio P. Lymphoproliferative responses and protection in conventional piglets inoculated orally with virulent or attenuated porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus. J Virol Methods 2002; 105:37-47. [PMID: 12176140 PMCID: PMC7119748 DOI: 10.1016/s0166-0934(02)00063-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Lymphocyte proliferative responses were evaluated in mucosal (mesenteric lymph nodes) and systemic (spleen and blood) lymphoid tissues of conventional piglets inoculated with the virulent or attenuated isolates of porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (PEDV) strain CV-777 and challenged 21 days later with the virulent isolate of the same virus. A lymphoproliferative assay was developed in which mononuclear cells isolated from lymphoid tissues at different postinoculation and postchallenge days underwent a secondary in vitro stimulation with semipurified antigen obtained from PEDV-infected cell cultures. Vigorous lymphocyte proliferative responses were detected in the pigs inoculated with the virulent PEDV at postinoculation days 4-21, especially in the mesenteric lymph nodes and the blood; however, in the spleen this response was lower and less regular. The pigs inoculated with the attenuated virus showed a less intense response, the higher lymphocyte proliferation also corresponded to the mononuclear cells from mesenteric lymph nodes. Lymphocyte proliferation responses showed high correlations with protection against homologous challenge with virulent PEDV, and this correlation was higher in the gut associated lymphoid tissues (mesenteric lymph nodes). The cell proliferation response detected in blood mirrored that detected in the mesenteric lymph nodes, and showed also good correlation with protection. The results confirm that T-cell-helper function, assessed by lymphocyte proliferation responses, contributes to establishing a protective immune response against PEDV infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L de Arriba
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal (Enfermedades Infecciosas y Epidemiología), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, E-24071, León, Spain.
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Lucía A, Hoyos J, Santalla A, Pérez M, Carvajal A, Chicharro JL. Lactic acidosis, potassium, and the heart rate deflection point in professional road cyclists. Br J Sports Med 2002; 36:113-7. [PMID: 11916893 PMCID: PMC1724475 DOI: 10.1136/bjsm.36.2.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the influence of lactic acidosis, the Bohr effect, and exercise induced hyperkalaemia on the occurrence of the heart rate deflection point (HRDP) in elite (professional) cyclists. METHODS Sixteen professional male road cyclists (mean (SD) age 26 (1) years) performed a ramp test on a cycle ergometer (workload increases of 5 W/12 s, averaging 25 W/min). Heart rate (HR), gas exchange parameters, and blood variables (lactate, pH, P(50) of the oxyhaemoglobin dissociation curve, and K(+)) were measured during the tests. RESULTS A HRDP was shown in 56% of subjects at about 88% of their maximal HR (HRDP group; n = 9) but was linear in the rest (No-HRDP group; n = 7). In the HRDP group, the slope of the HR-workload regression line above the HRDP correlated inversely with levels of K(+) at the maximal power output (r = -0.67; p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS The HRDP phenomenon is associated, at least partly, with exercise induced hyperkalaemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lucía
- Departamento de Ciencias Morfológicas y Fisiología, Universidad Europea de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.
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de Arriba ML, Vidal AB, Carvajal A, Pozo J, Martínez A, Duhamel GE, Rubio P. First confirmation of porcine colonic spirochaetosis caused by Brachyspira pilosicoli in Iberian pigs in Spain. Vet Rec 2002; 150:250-1. [PMID: 11924554 DOI: 10.1136/vr.150.8.250] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M L de Arriba
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal (Enfermedades Infecciosas y Epidemiología), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de Léon, Spain
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de Arriba ML, Carvajal A, Pozo J, Rubio P. Mucosal and systemic isotype-specific antibody responses and protection in conventional pigs exposed to virulent or attenuated porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2002; 85:85-97. [PMID: 11867170 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-2427(01)00417-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Eleven-day-old conventionally reared piglets were inoculated orally with two different doses of the cell-culture adapted strain CV-777 of the porcine epidemic diarrhoea virus (PEDV) or the virulent isolate of the same strain and challenged with the same virulent PEDV 3 weeks later. Pigs inoculated with the two doses of the attenuated virus did not show any typical sign of the disease, and virus shedding was not frequent. In contrast, 31% of pigs exposed to the virulent PEDV developed diarrhoea and virus shedding was demonstrated in 100%. At different postinoculation day (PID) and postchallenge day (PCD) virus-specific antibody-secreting cells (ASC) in gut associated lymphoid tissues (duodenum and ileum lamina propria and mesenteric lymph nodes) and systemic locations (blood and spleen) were assessed by enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT). Only a small response was detected in the groups inoculated with attenuated PEDV, whereas in the group previously exposed to the virulent virus on PID 21 a large number of IgG and IgA ASC was detected. Isotype-specific antibody responses in serum were investigated by ELISA. IgG responses were detected in all groups, although the highest response corresponded to the group inoculated with virulent virus and only this group showed an IgA response. The pigs exposed to virulent PEDV were completely protected against the challenge with a higher dose of the same virulent virus on PID 21 and none of them shed the virus. The pigs inoculated with the attenuated strain were partially protected against the challenge, and 25% of the low dose- and 50% of the high dose-exposed pigs did not shed virus after challenge. All the pigs from a control group, not previously exposed to the virus, excreted the virus in faeces. A strong positive correlation was established between protection and the ASC responses detected in gut associated lymphoid tissues and blood at the challenge day and also between protection and serum isotype-specific antibody titers on that day. In addition, the IgA and IgG ASC responses detected in the blood on PID 21 also correlated with the responses found in the gut associated lymphoid tissues. The ASC and serum antibody responses after the challenge corresponded to a secondary immune response in the groups inoculated with attenuated virus, whereas a primary response was evident in the control group. No increase was seen in any of the parameters studied in the pigs inoculated with virulent PEDV.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L de Arriba
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal (Enfermedades Infecciosas y Epidemiología), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, E-24071, León, Spain
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Fibla J, Gómez G, Carvajal A, Estrada G, León C. [Mediastinal choriocarcinoma. A case report]. Arch Bronconeumol 2002; 38:99-100. [PMID: 11844445 DOI: 10.1016/s0300-2896(02)75162-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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de Arriba ML, Carvajal A, Pozo J, Rubio P. Isotype-specific antibody-secreting cells in systemic and mucosal associated lymphoid tissues and antibody responses in serum of conventional pigs inoculated with PEDV. Vet Immunol Immunopathol 2002; 84:1-16. [PMID: 11825594 PMCID: PMC7119739 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-2427(01)00386-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
An enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) has been developed to detect porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV)-specific antibody secreting cells (ASC) in gut associated lymphoid tissues (duodenum and ileum lamina propria and mesenteric lymph nodes) and systemic locations (spleen and blood) of conventional pigs so as to characterise the mucosal and systemic antibody response generated by the infection with PEDV. A total number of 28 eleven-day-old conventional pigs were orally inoculated with the field isolate of the PEDV strain CV-777. Diarrhea was observed in 32% of the pigs and virus shedding was demonstrated in 100% between postinoculation day (PID) 1 and 8. Serum IgG and IgA antibodies to PEDV were detected by isotype ELISA from PID 12 and 15, respectively, reaching maximum values at PID 32 (IgG) and 21 (IgA). PEDV specific IgM ASC occurred in all the tissues between PID 4 and 7, with the strongest response in the intestinal lamina propria. IgA and IgG ASC responses were evident in the intestinal lymphoid tissues from PID 21, the highest number of specific ASC corresponded to the duodenum lamina propria. In the systemic lymphoid tissues the number of IgG and IgA ASC detected were lower than in the mucosal tissues, however, in the blood, presence of IgA ASC was constantly detected from PID 14 until the end of the experiment. Memory antibody response to the PEDV was also studied by secondary in vitro stimulation of the mononuclear cells (MNC) isolated from mesenteric lymph nodes, spleen and blood. The memory B cell response was prominent at PID 21 and 25 and consisted in IgG and IgA ASC. To our knowledge, this is the first report to research into the presence and distribution of specific ASC in different locations of the systemic and the gut associated lymphoid tissues after a PEDV infection as well as the presence of memory B cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- M L de Arriba
- Departamento de Sanidad Animal (Enfermedades Infecciosas y Epidemiología), Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, E-24071, León, Spain.
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Folino-Gallo P, Walley T, Frolich JC, Carvajal A, Edwards IR. Availability of medicines in the European Union: results from the EURO-Medicines project. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2001; 57:441-6. [PMID: 11699607 DOI: 10.1007/s002280100345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE There is at present no comprehensive directory of medicines available in European countries. Such a directory would be valuable to policy analysts, clinicians, regulatory agencies, pharmaceutical companies and consumer groups. The aim of this project was to compile such a directory of all medicines marketed in each of the European Union member countries. METHODS Lists of medicines for each country, compiled from several national sources, classified by Anatomical-Chemical-Therapeutic (ATC) code. Census date was late 1998. RESULTS A comprehensive directory was created using data from 14 of the 15 European Union countries. Numbers of trade names and of active ingredients varied widely, from Germany with 18,554 and 1,973, respectively, to Denmark with 1,915 and 1,016, respectively. In individual therapeutic areas, there were variations in the numbers of active ingredients available: the least variation between countries was in antineoplastic medicines (ATC code L, maximum number available in any country 101, minimum 60) and wider variation in alimentary (ATC code A, maximum 256. minimum 103) or cardiovascular (ATC code C, maximum 269, minimum 112). Only 7% of all the active ingredients were available in all the countries studied. The Scandinavian countries had the greatest proportion of active ingredients (60%) available in all other countries. Each country had a number of active ingredients available only in that country Italy had the largest number of these. CONCLUSIONS The directory illustrates the wide variations in the availability of medicines across the European Union. The range of drugs available in each country represents differences in regulatory and market policies, as well as cultural and historic differences. This directory lends itself to many further analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Folino-Gallo
- EURO-Medicines project, Institute of Hygiene, Rome, Italy.
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Carvajal A. [Women without histories: from the Hospital de La Canoa to the Manicomio de La Castaneda]. Secuencia 2001:30-55. [PMID: 19711557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
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Carvajal A. Platelet aggregation and lipid peroxidation in essential hypertension. Am J Hypertens 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0895-7061(00)00926-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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Carvajal A, García del Pozo J, Martín de Diego I, Rueda de Castro AM, Velasco A. Efficacy of fenfluramine and dexfenfluramine in the treatment of obesity: a meta-analysis. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol 2000; 22:285-90. [PMID: 11031729 DOI: 10.1358/mf.2000.22.5.796647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
A meta-analysis was conducted to estimate the difference of weight loss among patients treated with placebo and with fenfluramine or dexfenfluramine after 1, 2, 3, 6, and 12 months of treatment. Placebo-controlled, double-blind, randomized clinical trials, whose results were presented as weight loss by the placebo group and the drug-treated patient group, were selected for the analysis. For the pooled estimations, the method of the weighted means by the inverse of the variance was used. The association between the difference of means and several predictive variables was studied by means of weighted linear regression. Patients treated with fenfluramine or dexfenfluramine achieved a higher weight loss than those receiving placebo in all the periods studied. The greatest efficacy was observed after 3 months of treatment. Beyond this time, there is a decline in the effectiveness. Based on the efficacy data, treatments longer than 3 months would not be justified.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Carvajal
- Instituto de Farmacoepidemiología, Universidad de Valladolid, Spain.
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