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Dietrich LJ, Gong A, Gelfond J, Blanco CL. Oral feeding trajectories and neurodevelopmental outcomes at 12 and 24 month follow-up for preterm infants. J Neonatal Perinatal Med 2024; 17:21-30. [PMID: 38393924 DOI: 10.3233/npm-230088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/25/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Few studies characterize feeding performance in the NICU when predicting neurodevelopmental outcomes. Our objective was to investigate the relationship between time to full oral feeds (FULL-PO) and neurodevelopmental and feeding outcomes in the first 2 years in preterm infants admitted to the NICU. METHODS This retrospective study included infants born between 01/01/2014-07/31/2017, gestational age < 32 weeks and/or birth weight < 1500 g. We examined feeding difficulties, cerebral palsy, and Bayley scores for those reaching FULL-PO at a post menstrual age (PMA)≤38.0 weeks (EARLY) vs.>38.0 weeks (LATE). Additionally, the oral feeding achieved at various timepoints between 36- and 42-weeks postmenstrual age (PMA) was measured to construct a timeline of oral feeding acquisition. RESULTS Of 192 infants, 147(77%) achieved FULL-PO EARLY and 45(23%) LATE. Comorbidities and length of stay were higher and unadjusted Bayley scores were lower at 12 months corrected age (CA) and 24 months chronological age (CH) in the LATE group. Feeding difficulties were higher in the LATE group at 24 months CH. Infants born < 27-28 weeks GA were more likely to achieve oral feeding at a later PMA. Infants with bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) had significant feeding and developmental delays. CONCLUSIONS Establishing full oral feeds by 38.0 weeks PMA may be used as a predictor for feeding difficulties at 24 months CH. Infants born < 27-28 weeks GA and those with BPD are more likely to take extended amounts of time to achieve full oral feeding and need additional feeding support. Infants with BPD are high risk for neurodevelopmental delays.
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Affiliation(s)
- L J Dietrich
- Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- University Health System, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - A Gong
- Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- University Health System, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - J Gelfond
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - C L Blanco
- Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, University of Texas Health San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA
- University Health System, San Antonio, TX, USA
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Garg T, Laguna A, Gong A, Khalil A, Weinstein R, Mitchell S, Weiss C. Abstract No. 195 Clinical and Imaging Outcomes of Sclerotherapy for Superficial Venous Malformations Involving the Trunk. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.12.253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2023] Open
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Gowda P, Gong A, Garg T, Khalil A, Weinstein R, Raman A, Latif M, Mitchell S, Weiss C. Abstract No. 612 Evaluation of clinical outcomes of percutaneous sclerotherapy for the treatment of hand and wrist venous malformations. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.03.594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
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Gong A, Gowda P, Garg T, Khalil A, Weinstein R, Raman A, Latif M, Mitchell S, Weiss C. Abstract No. 388 Percutaneous sclerotherapy of venous malformations involving the tongue: assessing clinical and imaging outcomes. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.03.469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Gong A, Garg T, Gowda P, Khalil A, Weinstein R, Raman A, Latif M, Mitchell S, Weiss C. Abstract No. 387 Sclerotherapy improves clinical symptoms and reduces malformation size in patients with venous malformations of the foot and ankle. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.03.468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Weinstein R, Garg T, Gong A, Gowda P, Raman A, Latif M, Mitchell S, Weiss C. Abstract No. 611 The impact of sclerotherapy of venous malformations of the eye and orbit on clinical and imaging outcomes. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.03.593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
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Gong A, Khalil A, Gowda P, Garg T, Weinstein R, Weiss C. Abstract No. 593 How is quality-of-life captured in the hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia population? A scoping review of quality-of-life instruments. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.03.575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Gowda P, Khalil A, Garg T, Gong A, Raman A, Weinstein R, Morefield W, Latif M, Mitchell S, Weiss C. Abstract No. 39 Assessing safety and clinical outcomes of patients receiving serial doxycycline exchange sclerotherapy for lymphatic malformations. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2022.03.120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Gong A, Rode S, Gompper G, Kaupp UB, Elgeti J, Friedrich BM, Alvarez L. Reconstruction of the three-dimensional beat pattern underlying swimming behaviors of sperm. Eur Phys J E Soft Matter 2021; 44:87. [PMID: 34196906 PMCID: PMC8249298 DOI: 10.1140/epje/s10189-021-00076-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The eukaryotic flagellum propels sperm cells and simultaneously detects physical and chemical cues that modulate the waveform of the flagellar beat. Most previous studies have characterized the flagellar beat and swimming trajectories in two space dimensions (2D) at a water/glass interface. Here, using refined holographic imaging methods, we report high-quality recordings of three-dimensional (3D) flagellar bending waves. As predicted by theory, we observed that an asymmetric and planar flagellar beat results in a circular swimming path, whereas a symmetric and non-planar flagellar beat results in a twisted-ribbon swimming path. During swimming in 3D, human sperm flagella exhibit torsion waves characterized by maxima at the low curvature regions of the flagellar wave. We suggest that these torsion waves are common in nature and that they are an intrinsic property of beating axonemes. We discuss how 3D beat patterns result in twisted-ribbon swimming paths. This study provides new insight into the axoneme dynamics, the 3D flagellar beat, and the resulting swimming behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gong
- Center of Advanced European Studies and Research (caesar), Molecular Sensory Systems, Ludwig-Erhard-Allee 2, 53175, Bonn, Germany
| | - S Rode
- Theoretical Physics of Living Matter, Institute of Biological Information Processing and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - G Gompper
- Theoretical Physics of Living Matter, Institute of Biological Information Processing and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - U B Kaupp
- Center of Advanced European Studies and Research (caesar), Molecular Sensory Systems, Ludwig-Erhard-Allee 2, 53175, Bonn, Germany.
| | - J Elgeti
- Theoretical Physics of Living Matter, Institute of Biological Information Processing and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425, Jülich, Germany
| | - B M Friedrich
- Biological Algorithms Group, TU Dresden, Cluster of Excellence 'Physics of Life' and Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (cfaed), Helmholtzstr. 18, 01069, Dresden, Germany
| | - L Alvarez
- Center of Advanced European Studies and Research (caesar), Molecular Sensory Systems, Ludwig-Erhard-Allee 2, 53175, Bonn, Germany.
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Yuan F, Gong A, Farhan A, Gowda P, Bailey C, Latif M, Shafaat O, Fu Y, Mitchell S, Holly B, Weiss C. Abstract No. 197 Using intraoperative neurophysiologic monitoring to prevent peripheral nerve injury during embolization of low-flow vascular malformations. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2021.03.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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England R, Gong A, Botros D, Li T, Pang S, Manupipatpong S, Hui F, Khan M. Abstract No. 77 Clinical outcomes and safety of the SpineJack vertebral augmentation system: treatment of vertebral compression fractures in a United States patient population. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2021.03.500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
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Yuan F, Latif M, Shafaat O, Fu Y, Gowda P, Gong A, Farhan A, Bailey C, Mitchell S, Weiss C. Abstract No. 598 Clinical manifestations of patients with novel mutations associated with hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia and related vascular anomalies. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2021.03.408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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Gong A, Solomon A, Motaghi M, Latif M, Holly B, Weiss C. Abstract No. 437 Fluoroscopically guided, percutaneously placed cecostomies versus surgically placed cecostomies in adult patients: a safety comparison. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2021.03.246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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Pang S, Li T, England R, Gong A, Botros D, Manupipatpong S, Hui F, Khan M. Abstract No. 198 Clinical outcomes and safety comparison of vertebroplasty, kyphoplasty, and SpineJack vertebral implant for treatment of vertebral compression fractures. J Vasc Interv Radiol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jvir.2021.03.204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Abstract
Sperm are highly specialized cells, which have been subject to substantial evolutionary pressure. Whereas some sperm features are highly conserved, others have undergone major modifications. Some of these variations are driven by adaptation to mating behaviours or fitness at the organismic level. Others represent alternative solutions to the same task. Sperm must find the egg for fertilization. During this task, sperm rely on long slender appendages termed flagella that serve as sensory antennas, propellers and steering rudders. The beat of the flagellum is periodic. The resulting travelling wave generates the necessary thrust for propulsion in the fluid. Recent studies reveal that, for steering, different species rely on different fundamental features of the beat wave. Here, we discuss some examples of unity and diversity across sperm from different species with a particular emphasis on the steering mechanisms. This article is part of the Theo Murphy meeting issue 'Unity and diversity of cilia in locomotion and transport'.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Gong
- Center of Advanced European Studies and Research (CAESAR), Molecular Sensory Systems, Ludwig-Erhard-Allee 2, 53175 Bonn, Germany
| | - S. Rode
- Theoretical Soft Matter and Biophysics, Institute of Complex Systems and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - U. B. Kaupp
- Center of Advanced European Studies and Research (CAESAR), Molecular Sensory Systems, Ludwig-Erhard-Allee 2, 53175 Bonn, Germany
| | - G. Gompper
- Theoretical Soft Matter and Biophysics, Institute of Complex Systems and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - J. Elgeti
- Theoretical Soft Matter and Biophysics, Institute of Complex Systems and Institute for Advanced Simulation, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - B. M. Friedrich
- Biological Algorithms Group, TU Dresden, Biological Systems Path of the Center for Advancing Electronics Dresden (CFAED), Helmholtzstrasse 18, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - L. Alvarez
- Center of Advanced European Studies and Research (CAESAR), Molecular Sensory Systems, Ludwig-Erhard-Allee 2, 53175 Bonn, Germany
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Wei H, Liu Y, Min J, Zhang Y, Wang J, Zhou M, Xiong E, Yu G, Zhou H, He J, Zeng J, Gong A, Xu M. Protein arginine methyltransferase 1 promotes epithelial-mesenchymal transition via TGF-β1/Smad pathway in hepatic carcinoma cells. Neoplasma 2019; 66:918-929. [PMID: 31607134 DOI: 10.4149/neo_2018_181226n999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2018] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Protein arginine methyltransferase 1 (PRMT1) is dysregulated in a number of human cancers. Herein, we report that PRMT1 expression is directly associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in hepatic carcinoma cells. Firstly, we find that PRMT1 expression is higher in hepatic carcinoma tissues than that in normal liver tissues at both mRNA and protein levels, and higher expression of PRMT1 correlates with poor survival in liver tumors. The data in vitro reveals that PRMT1 knockdown inhibits the abilities of proliferation, migration and invasion, while PRMT1 overexpression promotes the above behaviors in hepatic carcinoma cells. Further studies indicate that PRMT1 knockdown remarkably decreases the expression of mesenchymal markers including Vimentin, Snail and N-cadherin, and upregulates expression of epithelial markers E-cadherin. Conversely, PRMT1 overexpression results in the opposite effects. Additionally, we identified that PRMT1 knockdown resulted in downregulation of TGF-β1, p-Smad2 and p-Smad3, while PRMT1 overexpression activated TGF-β1, p-Smad2 and p-Smad3. These findings suggest that PRMT1 promotes EMT in hepatic carcinoma cells probably via TGF-β1/Smad pathway, and might represent a novel anti-liver cancer strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Wei
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,Department of Gastroenterology, Xuzhou Cancer Hospital, Xuzhou, China
| | - Y Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - J Min
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Y Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - J Wang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - M Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - E Xiong
- Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - G Yu
- Department of Oncology, Changzheng Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - H Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - J He
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - J Zeng
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - A Gong
- Department of Cell Biology, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - M Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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Zou H, Ding Y, Wang K, Xiong E, Peng W, Du F, Zhang Z, Liu J, Gong A. Corrigendum to "MicroRNA-29A/PTEN pathway modulates neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells" [Neuroscience 291 (2015) 289-300]. Neuroscience 2017; 349:355-356. [PMID: 28288864 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2017.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- H Zou
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Y Ding
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - K Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - E Xiong
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - W Peng
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - F Du
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Z Zhang
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - J Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University, Changzhou 213003, China.
| | - A Gong
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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18
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Nazif-Muñoz J, Falconer J, Gong A. Are child passenger fatalities and child passenger severe injuries equally affected by child restraint legislation? The case of Chile. Int J Inj Contr Saf Promot 2017; 24:501-509. [DOI: 10.1080/17457300.2016.1278236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J.I. Nazif-Muñoz
- Institute for Health and Social Policy, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
| | | | - A. Gong
- Department of Sociology, McGill University, Montreal, Canada
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Zou H, Ding Y, Wang K, Xiong E, Peng W, Du F, Zhang Z, Liu J, Gong A. MicroRNA-29A/PTEN pathway modulates neurite outgrowth in PC12 cells. Neuroscience 2015; 291:289-300. [PMID: 25665754 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2015.01.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2014] [Revised: 12/30/2014] [Accepted: 01/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
PTEN serves as an intrinsic brake on neurite outgrowth, but the regulatory mechanism that governs its action is not clear. In the present study, miR-29a was found to increase neurite outgrowth by decreasing PTEN expression. Results showed that miR-92a-1, miR-29a, miR-92b, and miR-29c expression levels increased during nerve growth factor (NGF)-induced differentiation of PC12 cells. Based on in silico analysis of possible miR-29a targets, PTEN mRNA may be a binding site for miR-29a. A protein expression assay and luciferase reporter assay showed that miR-29a could directly target the 3'-UTRs (untranslated regions) of PTEN mRNA and down-regulate the expression of PTEN. PC12 cells infected with lentiviral pLKO-miR-29a showed far higher levels of miR-29a and Akt phosphorylation level than those infected with control. This promoted neurite outgrowth of PC12 cells. Collectively, these results indicate that miR-29a is an important regulator of neurite outgrowth via targeting PTEN and that it may be a promising therapeutic target for neural disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Zou
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - Y Ding
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - K Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University, Changzhou 213003, China
| | - E Xiong
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - W Peng
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - F Du
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - Z Zhang
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China
| | - J Liu
- Department of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Suzhou University, Changzhou 213003, China.
| | - A Gong
- School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
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Abstract
We have recently identified ZNF185 as a gene that is downregulated in prostate cancer (PCa), in part via epigenetic alteration, and maybe associated with disease progression. In this study, we cloned the ZNF185 cDNA from normal human prostate tissues and investigated its biological function. We show that ZNF185 is a novel actin-cytoskeleton-associated Lin-l 1, Isl-1 and Mec-3 (LIM) domain-containing protein that localizes to F-actin structures, and is enriched at focal adhesions. We find that the NH(2)-terminal region, which we designate the actin-targeting domain, facilitates ZNF185 binding to actin in vitro and is both necessary and sufficient to mediate actin-cytoskeleton targeting of ZNF185, whereas the LIM domain, which is localized in the COOH-terminus is dispensable for this phenomenon. Interestingly, ectopic expression of full-length ZNF185, but not a mutant lacking the actin-targeting domain, could suppress proliferation and anchorage-independent growth of PCa cells. Together, our data suggest that ZNF185 may function as a tumor-suppressor protein by associating with the actin-cytoskeleton.
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Affiliation(s)
- J-S Zhang
- Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic/Foundation, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
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Abstract
In recent studies using freshly isolated rat cholangiocytes, we established that water crosses the cholangiocyte membrane by a channel-mediated mechanism involving aquaporins, a family of water-channel proteins. Our goal was to address the importance of channel-mediated water transport in ductal bile formation by employing a physiologic experimental model, the enclosed, polarized rat intrahepatic bile duct unit (IBDU). Expansion and reduction of luminal areas as a reflection of water movement into and out of IBDUs prepared from livers of normal rats were measured by quantitative computer-assisted image analysis. When enclosed IBDUs were exposed to inward or outward osmotic gradients, their luminal area rapidly increased (approximately 25%) or decreased (approximately 20%) reflecting net water secretion or absorption, respectively. These effects were specifically inhibited by 2 water channel blockers, DMSO and HgCl2. In both instances, beta-mercaptoethanol reversed the inhibitory effects. In the absence of an osmotic gradient, choleretic agents (secretin and forskolin) and a cholestatic hormone (somatostatin) induced a significant increase or decrease of IBDU luminal area by 21% and 22%, respectively. These effects were also inhibited by DMSO and reversed by beta-mercaptoethanol. Under our experimental conditions, DMSO did not interfere with either forskolin-induced cAMP synthesis or the generation of osmotic driving forces via the apical chloride-bicarbonate exchanger. Protamine, an inhibitor of the paracellular pathway, had no effect on hypotonic or forskolin-induced water secretion in IBDUs. These results in a physiologically relevant model of ductal bile formation provide additional support for the concept that osmotically driven and agonist-stimulated water movement into (secretion) and out of (absorption) the biliary ductal lumen is transcellular and water channel-mediated.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Cova
- Center for Basic Research in Digestive Diseases, Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Medical School, Clinic and Foundation, Rochester, MN 55905, USA
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Abstract
The photolysis of atrazine in the soil surface under UV light and the factors affecting this has been studied. A rate constant of 0.09-0.17 min-1, photolytic depth of 0.1-0.3 mm and half-life of 4-8 min were determined. The results show that soil granularity, pH, humidity, organic content, humic acid and surface-active agents could affect the photolysis of atrazine in soil. GC-MS showed three photolytic products: 1-sec-butyl-4,4-diethyl-1-tetrazene, N2,N4-diethyl-6-methyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine and 6-chloro-N2-propyl-1,3,5-triazine-2,4-diamine. The mechanism of the photolytic process is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gong
- Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, PO Box 2871, Beijing 100 085, People's Republic of China
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Ye C, Lei Z, Wang X, Gong A, Zheng H. [Multimedia environmental behavior of herbicide atrazine]. Huan Jing Ke Xue 2001; 22:69-73. [PMID: 11432071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
In the paper, taking the Baiyangdiang Lake area as a study field, on the basis of soil characterization, environmental monitoring, and studies of adsorption, biodegradation, hydrolysis and photolysis, the atrazine concentrations in soil, groundwater and corn plant during 30 years were predicted by multimedia environmental fugacity model.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Ye
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
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Rivlin PK, Gong A, Schneiderman AM, Booker R. The role of Ultrabithorax in the patterning of adult thoracic muscles in Drosophila melanogaster. Dev Genes Evol 2001; 211:55-66. [PMID: 11455415 DOI: 10.1007/s004270000126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2000] [Accepted: 10/27/2000] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the homeotic gene, Ultrabithorax (Ubx), result in the transformation of the third thoracic (T3) segment into the second thoracic (T2) segment. Although it has been well established that these mutations have striking effects on adult epidermal structures in T3, the effect of these mutations on the adult musculature has been controversial. In this study, a series of Ubx regulatory mutations, anterobithorax, bithorax, postbithorax, and bithoraxoid, as well as combinations of these alleles were used to reevaluate the role of Ubx in the patterning of the T3 musculature. Homeotic indirect and direct flight muscles (IFMs and DFMs) were identified in the transformed T3 segment of all alleles and allelic combinations with the exception of postbithorax. We critically evaluated the pattern and amount of these muscles and found that while the amount and/or quality of homeotic IFMs increased, the amount of homeotic DFMs did not vary significantly as the severity of the ectodermal transformation increased. Because Ubx is not expressed in the adult mesoderm of T3, these results suggest that inductive cues play a major role in the patterning of adult thoracic muscles. We provide a model that illustrates the central role of inductive cues in generating the final adult muscle pattern in the thorax.
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Affiliation(s)
- P K Rivlin
- Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University, W121 Seeley G. Mudd Hall, Ithaca, NY 14583-2702, USA.
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Gong A, Freking FW, Wingfield J, Schlinger BA, Arnold AP. Effects of embryonic treatment with fadrozole on phenotype of gonads, syrinx, and neural song system in zebra finches. Gen Comp Endocrinol 1999; 115:346-53. [PMID: 10480985 DOI: 10.1006/gcen.1999.7318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have found that treatment of zebra finch embryos with an aromatase inhibitor on Day 5 or 8 of incubation caused partial sex reversal of gonadal phenotype in females. These females possessed both testicular and ovarian tissue, and the development of the neural circuit for song remained feminine. The present study attempted more complete gonadal reversal by treating zebra finch embryos earlier, on Day 3 of incubation, with Fadrozole (CGS 16949A), an aromatase inhibitor, or with saline. We examined the phenotype of the syrinx (androgen-dependent vocal organ), the gonads, and the telencephallic neural song system in 100-day-old birds. Treated females typically possessed a left ovotestis and a right testis, and significantly larger syringes than control females. The histology and steroid synthetic enzyme activity of the testicular tissue in treated females were quite masculine and similar to that of control males. At the time of sacrifice, the plasma concentrations of testosterone and estradiol for fadrozole-treated females did not differ from those of control females, but dihydrotestosterone was lower in treated females. Despite the large amount of functional testicular tissue and a masculine syrinx, the volumes and soma sizes of song system nuclei (HVC, RA) in treated females remained feminine. These results suggest that testicular secretions masculinize the syrinx, but are not sufficient to masculinize the song system in zebra finches.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gong
- Laboratory of Neuroendocrinology, Brain Research Institute, Los Angeles, California, 90095-1527, USA
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Gong A, Ye C. Analysis of trace atrazine and simazine in environmental samples by liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection with pre-column derivatization reaction. J Chromatogr A 1998; 827:57-63. [PMID: 9894345 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9673(98)00742-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Coupled with off-line extraction, a pre-column derivatization liquid chromatographic fluorescence detection (LC-FL) procedure was developed for the determination of atrazine and simazine in soil, crop and water samples. Concentrations in real samples were expected to be at or below the low ng/g level, which requires pre-concentration of analytes and improved detection. 4-(2-Phthalimidyl) benzoyl chloride (PIB-Cl) was used as a pre-column derivation reagent for high-performance liquid chromatography. The clean-up and second-time concentration procedures, which were indispensable in the conventional analytical methods for soil and crop analysis because of the complexity of the samples, were replaced by a derivatization reaction between PIB-Cl and the analytes. The fluorescent and ultraviolet characteristics of the derivatives were investigated. The derivatization reaction and chromatographic separation conditions were optimized systematically. Detection limits of 1.2 ng/g for atrazine and 1.1 ng/g for simazine were obtained with recoveries of 84-95% for environmental samples. On the basis of practical application to five soil and five crop samples, the LC-FL method was compared with the conventional GC-MS method.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gong
- Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
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Abstract
Male zebra finches sing to court females, whereas females do not normally sing. In parallel, the telencephalic brain regions that control song are larger in volume and contain larger cells in males than in females. The vocal control organ (syrinx) is also larger in males. Some evidence suggests that the sexual differentiation of both anatomy and behavior is under the regulation of gonadal hormones during early development, yet recent data conflict with the idea that the sole source of masculinization of the neural song system is the testes. In the present experiment, we treated genetic males with estradiol benzoate on embryonic day 5 and measured the volume of and neuron soma size in robust nucleus of the archistriatum (RA) and the high vocal center (HVC), two telencephalic song control nuclei. We also weighed the syrinx, the muscles of which are the target of the motor pathway containing the two brain regions. The estrogen treatment disrupted testicular morphology, and induced an oviduct in six of seven animals, but it had no effect on any of four measures of masculinization of the neural song system. These results suggest that normal testicular tissue is not required for masculine development of the neural song system.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Wade
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing 48824, USA.
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Gong A, Anday E, Boros S, Bucciarelli R, Burchfield D, Zucker J, Long W. One-year follow-up evaluation of 260 premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome and birth weights of 700 to 1350 grams randomized to two rescue doses of synthetic surfactant or air placebo. American Exosurf Neonatal Study Group I. J Pediatr 1995; 126:S68-74. [PMID: 7745514 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3476(95)70010-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of synthetic surfactant therapy for premature infants with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) and birth weights of 700 to 1350 gm demonstrated a reduction in severity of RDS, morbidity, and neonatal and 1-year mortality. Of the 419 infants who were entered in the study, 80% of the surviving infants in both the air placebo group (122) and the synthetic surfactant group (138) returned for the follow-up evaluation at 1-year adjusted age. The only significant difference observed at follow-up was a reduction in the incidence of mild cerebral palsy in the synthetic surfactant group (air placebo group, 8 of 122 (7%); synthetic surfactant group, 3 of 138 (2%); relative risk 0.306; 95% confidence interval 0.094, 0.999). No differences were observed between the air placebo and synthetic surfactant treatment groups with respect to health status of the infants, including the incidence of retinopathy of prematurity and neurodevelopmental delays. The difference in the overall incidence of impairment among the 1-year survivors in the air placebo group (43 of 122 (35%)) and in the synthetic surfactant group (40 of 138 (29%)) was not statistically significant. The results of this 1-year follow-up study show that rescue treatment with synthetic surfactant in infants weighing 700 to 1300 gm is not associated with adverse developmental consequences despite the improvement in survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Gong
- Department of Pediatrics, Santa Rosa Hospital, University of Texas Health Sciences Center at San Antonio 78284-7812, USA
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Stevenson D, Walther F, Long W, Sell M, Pauly T, Gong A, Easa D, Pramanik A, LeBlanc M, Anday E. Controlled trial of a single dose of synthetic surfactant at birth in premature infants weighing 500 to 699 grams. The American Exosurf Neonatal Study Group I. J Pediatr 1992; 120:S3-12. [PMID: 1735849 DOI: 10.1016/s0022-3476(05)81226-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In a multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial conducted at 23 hospitals in the United States, a single prophylactic 5 ml/kg dose of a synthetic surfactant (Exosurf Neonatal) or air placebo was administered shortly after birth to 215 infants with birth weights of 500 to 699 gm. Despite stratification at entry by birth weight and gender, by chance female infants predominated in the air placebo group and male infants predominated in the surfactant group. Among infants receiving synthetic surfactant, improvements in oxygen requirements were significant at 2 hours after birth (p = 0.014) and persisted for 3 days (p = 0.001); improvements in the alveolar-arterial partial pressure of oxygen gradient were significant at 6 hours after birth (p = 0.01) and persisted for 3 days (p = 0.008). Improvements in mean airway pressure were not significant at 2 or at 6 hours after birth (p = 0.622 and 0.083, respectively), but became significant thereafter and persisted for 3 days (p = 0.002). Pneumothorax was reduced by slightly more than half (25 vs 11; p = 0.014); death from respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) was also reduced (26 vs 15; p = 0.046). Overall neonatal mortality, however, was not significantly reduced (58 vs 46; p = 0.102). Other complications of RDS and prematurity were not altered, except that pulmonary hemorrhage occurred significantly more frequently in infants receiving synthetic surfactant (2 vs 12; p = 0.006). These findings indicate that a single prophylactic dose of synthetic surfactant in infants weighing 500 to 699 gm at birth improves lung function, incidence of air leak, and death from RDS but not overall mortality. The only safety problem identified was an increase in pulmonary hemorrhage.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Stevenson
- Department of Pediatrics, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill
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Abstract
To investigate the effect of arginine vasopressin (AVP) in the peripheral circulation on burn shock in the rat, AVP and its nonselective V1/V2 receptor antagonist d(CH2)5Tyr (Et)VAVP were administered intravenously in burn shocked rats. Cardiovascular parameters were recorded including left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP), +/- dP/dt max, total area of the cardiac force loop (Lo), mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) and electrocardiogram (ECG). Our results showed that AVP failed to increase MAP in burned rats whereas it elicited a greater fall in LVSP, +/- dP/dt max and Lo and MAP than seen in control burned rats and hastened the onset of the decompensatory phase of burn shock resulting in the early death of burn shocked animals. The receptor antagonist d(CH2)5Tyr(Et)VAVP elevated LVSP, +/- dp/dt max and Lo for the eight hour observation period, and allowed MAP to recover from the initial profound fall following burn injury. Furthermore, it prolonged the survival time of the burned rats. AVP treated rats also displayed earlier abnormal changes such as elevation of S-T segment, inversion of T wave and ventricular fibrillation in ECG. The onset of these changes was much delayed in antagonist treated rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Sun
- Department of Neurobiology, Second Military Medical College, Shanghai, P.R. China
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Morrison SF, Ernsberger P, Milner TA, Callaway J, Gong A, Reis DJ. A glutamate mechanism in the intermediolateral nucleus mediates sympathoexcitatory responses to stimulation of the rostral ventrolateral medulla. Prog Brain Res 1989; 81:159-69. [PMID: 2575775 DOI: 10.1016/s0079-6123(08)62006-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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