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Vo TTB, Wira Sanjaya IGNP, Kil EJ, Lal A, Ho PT, Nattanong B, Tabassum M, Qureshi MA, Lee TK, Lee S. Transreplication Preference of the Tomato Leaf Curl Joydebpur Virus for a Noncognate Betasatellite through Iteron Resemblance on Nicotiana bethamiana. Microorganisms 2023; 11:2907. [PMID: 38138051 PMCID: PMC10745424 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11122907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Pepper plants (Capsicum annuum) with severe leaf curl symptoms were collected in 2013 from Bangalore, Karnataka, India. The detection results showed a co-infection between the tomato leaf curl Joydebpur virus (ToLCJoV) and tomato leaf curl Bangladesh betasatellite (ToLCBDB) through the sequencing analysis of PCR amplicons. To pinpoint the molecular mechanism of this uncommon combination, infectious clones of ToLCJoV and two different betasatellites-ToLCBDB and tomato leaf curl Joydebpur betasatellite (ToLCJoB)-were constructed and tested for their infectivity in Nicotiana benthamiana. Together, we conducted various combined agroinoculation studies to compare the interaction of ToLCJoV with non-cognate and cognate betasatellites. The natural non-cognate interaction between ToLCJoV and ToLCBDB showed severe symptoms compared to the mild symptoms of a cognate combination (ToLCJoV × ToLCJoB) in infected plants. A sequence comparison among betasatellites and their helper virus wasperformed and the iteron resemblances in ToLCBDB as well as ToLCJoB clones were processed. Mutant betasatellites that comprised iteron modifications revealed that changes in iteron sequences could disturb the transreplication process between betasatellites and their helper virus. Our study might provide an important consideration for determining the efficiency of transreplication activity between betasatellites and their helper virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuy T. B. Vo
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; (T.T.B.V.); (I.G.N.P.W.S.); (P.T.H.); (B.N.); (M.T.); (M.A.Q.)
| | - I Gusti Ngurah Prabu Wira Sanjaya
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; (T.T.B.V.); (I.G.N.P.W.S.); (P.T.H.); (B.N.); (M.T.); (M.A.Q.)
| | - Eui-Joon Kil
- Department of Plant Medicals, Andong National University, Andong 36729, Republic of Korea; (E.-J.K.); (A.L.)
| | - Aamir Lal
- Department of Plant Medicals, Andong National University, Andong 36729, Republic of Korea; (E.-J.K.); (A.L.)
| | - Phuong T. Ho
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; (T.T.B.V.); (I.G.N.P.W.S.); (P.T.H.); (B.N.); (M.T.); (M.A.Q.)
| | - Bupi Nattanong
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; (T.T.B.V.); (I.G.N.P.W.S.); (P.T.H.); (B.N.); (M.T.); (M.A.Q.)
| | - Marjia Tabassum
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; (T.T.B.V.); (I.G.N.P.W.S.); (P.T.H.); (B.N.); (M.T.); (M.A.Q.)
| | - Muhammad Amir Qureshi
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; (T.T.B.V.); (I.G.N.P.W.S.); (P.T.H.); (B.N.); (M.T.); (M.A.Q.)
| | - Taek-Kyun Lee
- Ecological Risk Research Department, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Geoje 53201, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukchan Lee
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea; (T.T.B.V.); (I.G.N.P.W.S.); (P.T.H.); (B.N.); (M.T.); (M.A.Q.)
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Lal A, Shamim A, Kil EJ, Vo TTB, Qureshi MA, Bupi N, Tabassum M, Lee S. Insights into the Differential Composition of Stem-Loop Structures of Nanoviruses and Their Impacts. Microbiol Spectr 2023; 11:e0479822. [PMID: 37367433 PMCID: PMC10434203 DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.04798-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Multipartite viruses package their genomic segments independently and mainly infect plants; few of them target animals. Nanoviridae is a family of multipartite single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) plant viruses that individually encapsidate ssDNAs of ~1 kb and transmit them through aphids without replication in aphid vectors, thereby causing important diseases in host plants, mainly leguminous crops. All of these components constitute an open reading frame to perform a specific role in nanovirus infection. All segments contain conserved inverted repeat sequences, potentially forming a stem-loop structure and a conserved nonanucleotide, TAGTATTAC, within a common region. This study investigated the variations in the stem-loop structure of nanovirus segments and their impact using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and wet lab approaches. Although the accuracy of MD simulations is limited by force field approximations and simulation time scale, explicit solvent MD simulations were successfully used to analyze the important aspects of the stem-loop structure. This study involves the mutants' design, based on the variations in the stem-loop region and construction of infectious clones, followed by their inoculation and expression analysis, based on nanosecond dynamics of the stem-loop structure. The original stem-loop structures showed more conformational stability than mutant stem-loop structures. The mutant structures were expected to alter the neck region of the stem-loop by adding and switching nucleotides. Changes in conformational stability are suggested expression variations of the stem-loop structures found in host plants with nanovirus infection. However, our results can be a starting point for further structural and functional analysis of nanovirus infection. IMPORTANCE Nanoviruses comprise multiple segments, each with a single open reading frame to perform a specific function and an intergenic region with a conserved stem-loop region. The genome expression of a nanovirus has been an intriguing area but is still poorly understood. We attempted to investigate the variations in the stem-loop structure of nanovirus segments and their impact on viral expression. Our results show that the stem-loop composition is essential in controlling the virus segments' expression level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aamir Lal
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
- Department of Plant Medicals, College of Life Sciences, Andong National University, Andong, South Korea
- Agricultural Science and Technology Research Institute, Andong National University, Andong, South Korea
| | - Amen Shamim
- Department of Computer Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Eui-Joon Kil
- Department of Plant Medicals, College of Life Sciences, Andong National University, Andong, South Korea
- Agricultural Science and Technology Research Institute, Andong National University, Andong, South Korea
| | - Thuy T. B. Vo
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Muhammad Amir Qureshi
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Nattanong Bupi
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Marjia Tabassum
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Sukchan Lee
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
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Vo TTB, Lal A, Nattanong B, Tabassum M, Qureshi MA, Troiano E, Parrella G, Kil EJ, Lee S. Coat protein is responsible for tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus pathogenicity in tomato. Front Plant Sci 2023; 14:1206255. [PMID: 37492775 PMCID: PMC10364049 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1206255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 06/23/2023] [Indexed: 07/27/2023]
Abstract
Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV), a bipartite Begomovirus belonging to the family Geminiviridae, causes severe damage to many economically important crops worldwide. In the present study, pathogenicity of Asian (ToLCNDV-In from Pakistan) and Mediterranean isolates (ToLCNDV-ES from Italy) were examined using infectious clones in tomato plants. Only ToLCNDV-In could infect the three tomato cultivars, whereas ToLCNDV-ES could not. Genome-exchange of the two ToLCNDVs revealed the ToLCNDV DNA-A segment as the main factor for ToLCNDV infectivity in tomato. In addition, serial clones with chimeric ToLCNDV-In A and ToLCNDV-ES A genome segments were generated to identify the region determining viral infectivity in tomatoes. A chimeric clone carrying the ToLCNDV-In coat protein (CP) exhibited pathogenic adaptation in tomatoes, indicating that the CP of ToLCNDV is essential for its infectivity. Analyses of infectious clones carrying a single amino acid substitution revealed that amino acid at position 143 of the CP is critical for ToLCNDV infectivity in tomatoes. To better understand the molecular basis whereby CP function in pathogenicity, a yeast two-hybrid screen of a tomato cDNA library was performed using CPs as bait. The hybrid results showed different interactions between the two CPs and Ring finger protein 44-like in the tomato genome. The relative expression levels of upstream and downstream genes and Ring finger 44-like genes were measured using quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR) and compared to those of control plants. This is the first study to compare the biological features of the two ToLCNDV strains related to viral pathogenicity in the same host plant. Our results provide a foundation for elucidating the molecular mechanisms underlying ToLCNDV infection in tomatoes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuy T. B. Vo
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Aamir Lal
- Agriculture Science and Technology Research Institute, Andong National University, Andong, Republic of Korea
| | - Bupi Nattanong
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Marjia Tabassum
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Amir Qureshi
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
| | - Elisa Troiano
- Department of Biology, Agriculture and Food Sciences, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection of the National Research Council (IPSP-CNR), Portici, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Parrella
- Department of Biology, Agriculture and Food Sciences, Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection of the National Research Council (IPSP-CNR), Portici, Italy
| | - Eui-Joon Kil
- Agriculture Science and Technology Research Institute, Andong National University, Andong, Republic of Korea
- Department of Plant Medicals, Andong National University, Andong, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukchan Lee
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea
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Ho PT, Byun HS, Vo TTB, Lal A, Lee S, Kil EJ. Construction of an Agroinfectious Clone of a Korean Isolate of Sweet Potato Symptomless Virus 1 and Comparison of Its Infectivity According to Agrobacterium tumefaciens Strains in Nicotiana benthamiana. Plant Pathol J 2023; 39:255-264. [PMID: 37291766 DOI: 10.5423/ppj.oa.12.2022.0168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Sweet potato symptomless virus 1 (SPSMV-1) is a single-stranded circular DNA virus, belonging to the genus Mastrevirus (family Geminiviridae) that was first identified on sweet potato plants in South Korea in 2012. Although SPSMV-1 does not induce distinct symptoms in sweet potato plants, its co-infection with different sweet potato viruses is highly prevalent, and thus threatens sweet potato production in South Korea. In this study, the complete genome sequence of a Korean isolate of SPSMV-1 was obtained by Sanger sequencing of polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplicons from sweet potato plants collected in the field (Suwon). An infectious clone of SPSMV-1 (1.1-mer) was constructed, cloned into the plant expression vector pCAMBIA1303, and agro-inoculated into Nicotiana benthamiana using three Agrobacterium tumefaciens strains (GV3101, LBA4404, and EHA105). Although no visual differences were observed between the mock and infected groups, SPSMV-1 accumulation was detected in the roots, stems, and newly produced leaves through PCR. The A. tumefaciens strain LBA4404 was the most effective at transferring the SPSMV-1 genome to N. benthamiana. We confirmed the viral replication in N. benthamiana samples through strand-specific amplification using virion-sense- and complementary-sense-specific primer sets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phuong T Ho
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Hee-Seong Byun
- Crop Protection Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea
| | - Thuy T B Vo
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Aamir Lal
- Department of Plant Medicals, Andong National University, Andong 36729, Korea
- Agricultural Science and Technology Research Institute, Andong National University, Andong 36729, Korea
| | - Sukchan Lee
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Eui-Joon Kil
- Department of Plant Medicals, Andong National University, Andong 36729, Korea
- Agricultural Science and Technology Research Institute, Andong National University, Andong 36729, Korea
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Spinner J, D'Souza N, Duganiero T, Stark S, Lorts A, Almond C, Simpson K, Wright L, Nandi D, Wilkens S, Bansal N, Conway J, Broda K, Lal A, Lytrivi I, Hunter T, Gralia N, Parent J, Butts R. A Pediatric Heart Failure Registry is Needed: A Time for ACTION. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.1626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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West C, Zhao H, Cantor R, Sood V, Lal A, Beaty C, Kirklin J, Peng D. Social Determinants of Heath and Outcomes after Pediatric Ventricular Assist Device Implantation. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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Wittlieb-Weber C, Birnbaum B, Castleberry C, Esteso P, Gambetta K, Hayes E, Hsu D, Kaufman B, Lal A, Lorts A, Martinez H, Mokshagundam D, Nandi D, Parent J, Raucci F, Soares N, Shezad M, Shih R, Shugh S, Villa C, Wilkens S, Wisotzkey B, Conway J. Taking ACTION. Creation of a Prospective Registry of Boys with Dystrophinopathy and Ventricular Dysfunction to Define Cardiac Medication Use and Optimize Guideline Directed Medical Therapy. J Heart Lung Transplant 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2023.02.067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
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Sharma A, Singh P, Gorsi U, Lal A, Mavuduru R, Mete U, Singh S. Establishing the role of shear wave elastography in differentiating vasculogenic versus non-vasculogenic erectile dysfunction. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00608-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Vo TTB, Cho WK, Jo Y, Lal A, Nattanong B, Qureshi MA, Tabssum M, Troiano E, Parrella G, Kil EJ, Lee TK, Lee S. Transcriptional Analysis of the Differences between ToLCNDV-India and ToLCNDV-ES Leading to Contrary Symptom Development in Cucumber. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032181. [PMID: 36768502 PMCID: PMC9916722 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus-ES (ToLCNDV-ES), a high threat to cucurbits in the Mediterranean Basin, is listed as a different strain from the Asian ToLCNDV isolates. In this study, the infectivity of two clones previously isolated from Italy and Pakistan were compared in cucumbers, which resulted in the opposite symptom appearance. The swapping subgenome was processed; however, the mechanisms related to the disease phenotype remain unclear. To identify the disease-associated genes that could contribute to symptom development under the two ToLCNDV infections, the transcriptomes of ToLCNDV-infected and mock-inoculated cucumber plants were compared 21 days postinoculation. The number of differentially expressed genes in ToLCNDV-India-infected plants was 10 times higher than in ToLCNDV-ES-infected samples. The gene ontology (GO) and pathway enrichment were analyzed using the Cucurbits Genomics Database. The flavonoid pathway-related genes were upregulated in ToLCNDV-ES, but some were downregulated in ToLCNDV-India infection, suggesting their role in resistance to the two ToLCNDV infections. The relative expression levels of the selected candidate genes were validated by qRT-PCR under two ToLCNDV-infected conditions. Our results reveal the different infectivity of the two ToLCNDVs in cucumber and also provide primary information based on RNA-seq for further analysis related to different ToLCNDV infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuy T. B. Vo
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Won Kyong Cho
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeonhwa Jo
- College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Aamir Lal
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Bupi Nattanong
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Amir Qureshi
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Marjia Tabssum
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
| | - Elisa Troiano
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection of the National Research Council (IPSP-CNR), 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Parrella
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection of the National Research Council (IPSP-CNR), 80055 Portici, Italy
| | - Eui-Joon Kil
- Department of Plant Medicals, Andong National University, Andong 36729, Republic of Korea
| | - Taek-Kyun Lee
- Risk Assessment Research Center, Korea Institute of Ocean Science & Technology, Geoje 53201, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (T.-K.L.); (S.L.)
| | - Sukchan Lee
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Republic of Korea
- Correspondence: (T.-K.L.); (S.L.)
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Bupi N, Sangaraju VK, Phan LT, Lal A, Vo TTB, Ho PT, Qureshi MA, Tabassum M, Lee S, Manavalan B. An Effective Integrated Machine Learning Framework for Identifying Severity of Tomato Yellow Leaf Curl Virus and Their Experimental Validation. Research (Wash D C) 2023; 6:0016. [PMID: 36930763 PMCID: PMC10013792 DOI: 10.34133/research.0016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/07/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) dispersed across different countries, specifically to subtropical regions, associated with more severe symptoms. Since TYLCV was first isolated in 1931, it has been a menace to tomato industrial production worldwide over the past century. Three groups were newly isolated from TYLCV-resistant tomatoes in 2022; however, their functions are unknown. The development of machine learning (ML)-based models using characterized sequences and evaluating blind predictions is one of the major challenges in interdisciplinary research. The purpose of this study was to develop an integrated computational framework for the accurate identification of symptoms (mild or severe) based on TYLCV sequences (isolated in Korea). For the development of the framework, we first extracted 11 different feature encodings and hybrid features from the training data and then explored 8 different classifiers and developed their respective prediction models by using randomized 10-fold cross-validation. Subsequently, we carried out a systematic evaluation of these 96 developed models and selected the top 90 models, whose predicted class labels were combined and considered as reduced features. On the basis of these features, a multilayer perceptron was applied and developed the final prediction model (IML-TYLCVs). We conducted blind prediction on 3 groups using IML-TYLCVs, and the results indicated that 2 groups were severe and 1 group was mild. Furthermore, we confirmed the prediction with virus-challenging experiments of tomato plant phenotypes using infectious clones from 3 groups. Plant virologists and plant breeding professionals can access the user-friendly online IML-TYLCVs web server at https://balalab-skku.org/IML-TYLCVs, which can guide them in developing new protection strategies for newly emerging viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nattanong Bupi
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Vinoth Kumar Sangaraju
- Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Le Thi Phan
- Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Aamir Lal
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Thuy Thi Bich Vo
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Phuong Thi Ho
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Muhammad Amir Qureshi
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Marjia Tabassum
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Sukchan Lee
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Balachandran Manavalan
- Computational Biology and Bioinformatics Laboratory, Department of Integrative Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea
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Vo TTB, Troiano E, Lal A, Hoang PT, Kil EJ, Lee S, Parrella G. ToLCNDV-ES infection in tomato is enhanced by TYLCV: Evidence from field survey and agroinoculation. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:954460. [PMID: 36425034 PMCID: PMC9679516 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.954460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Thuy Thi Bich Vo
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Elisa Troiano
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council (IPSP-CNR), Portici, Italy
| | - Aamir Lal
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Phuong Thi Hoang
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Eui-Joon Kil
- Department of Plant Medicals, Andong National University, Andong, South Korea
| | - Sukchan Lee
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Giuseppe Parrella
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection, National Research Council (IPSP-CNR), Portici, Italy
- *Correspondence: Giuseppe Parrella,
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Kuo KH, Layton DM, Lal A, Al-Samkari H, Bhatia J, Kosinski PA, Tong B, Lynch M, Uhlig K, Vichinsky EP. LONG-TERM EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF THE ORAL PYRUVATE KINASE ACTIVATOR MITAPIVAT IN ADULTS WITH NON–TRANSFUSION-DEPENDENT ALPHA- OR BETA-THALASSEMIA. Hematol Transfus Cell Ther 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.htct.2022.09.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
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Lal A, Kil EJ, Vo TTB, Wira Sanjaya IGNP, Qureshi MA, Nattanong B, Ali M, Shuja MN, Lee S. Interspecies Recombination-Led Speciation of a Novel Geminivirus in Pakistan. Viruses 2022; 14:v14102166. [PMID: 36298721 PMCID: PMC9612148 DOI: 10.3390/v14102166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 09/22/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Recombination between isolates of different virus species has been known to be one of the sources of speciation. Weeds serve as mixing vessels for begomoviruses, infecting a wide range of economically important plants, thereby facilitating recombination. Chenopodium album is an economically important weed spread worldwide. Here, we present the molecular characterization of a novel recombinant begomovirus identified from C. album in Lahore, Pakistan. The complete DNA- A genome of the virus associated with the leaf distortion occurred in the infected C. album plants was cloned and sequenced. DNA sequence analysis showed that the nucleotide sequence of the virus shared 93% identity with those of the rose leaf curl virus and the duranta leaf curl virus. Interestingly, this newly identified virus is composed of open reading frames (ORFs) from different origins. Phylogenetic networks and complementary recombination detection methods revealed extensive recombination among the sequences. The infectious clone of the newly detected virus was found to be fully infectious in C. album and Nicotiana benthamiana as the viral DNA was successfully reconstituted from systemically infected tissues of inoculated plants, thus fulfilling Koch's postulates. Our study reveals a new speciation of an emergent ssDNA plant virus associated with C. album through recombination and therefore, proposed the tentative name 'Chenopodium leaf distortion virus' (CLDV).
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Affiliation(s)
- Aamir Lal
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
- Department of Plant Medicals, College of Life Sciences, Andong National University, Andong 36729, Korea
- Agricultural Science and Technology Research Institute, Andong National University, Andong 36729, Korea
| | - Eui-Joon Kil
- Department of Plant Medicals, College of Life Sciences, Andong National University, Andong 36729, Korea
| | - Thuy T. B. Vo
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | | | - Muhammad Amir Qureshi
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Bupi Nattanong
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
| | - Muhammad Ali
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Science, University of Management and Technology (UMT), Lahore 54770, Pakistan
| | - Malik Nawaz Shuja
- Department of Microbiology, Kohat University of Science and Technology, Kohat 26000, Pakistan
| | - Sukchan Lee
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea
- Correspondence:
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14
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Qureshi MA, Lal A, Nawaz-ul-Rehman MS, Vo TTB, Sanjaya GNPW, Ho PT, Nattanong B, Kil EJ, Jahan SMH, Lee KY, Tsai CW, Dao HT, Hoat TX, Aye TT, Win NK, Lee J, Kim SM, Lee S. Emergence of Asian endemic begomoviruses as a pandemic threat. Front Plant Sci 2022; 13:970941. [PMID: 36247535 PMCID: PMC9554542 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.970941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Plant viruses are responsible for the most devastating and commercially significant plant diseases, especially in tropical and subtropical regions. The genus begomovirus is the largest one in the family Geminiviridae, with a single-stranded DNA genome, either monopartite or bipartite. Begomoviruses are transmitted by insect vectors, such as Bemisia tabaci. Begomoviruses are the major causative agents of diseases in agriculture globally. Because of their diversity and mode of evolution, they are thought to be geographic specific. The emerging begomoviruses are of serious concern due to their increasing host range and geographical expansion. Several begomoviruses of Asiatic origin have been reported in Europe, causing massive economic losses; insect-borne transmission of viruses is a critical factor in virus outbreaks in new geographical regions. This review highlights crucial information regarding Asia's four emerging and highly destructive begomoviruses. We also provided information regarding several less common but still potentially important pathogens of different crops. This information will aid possible direction of future studies in adopting preventive measures to combat these emerging viruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Amir Qureshi
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Aamir Lal
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | | | - Thuy Thi Bich Vo
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | | | - Phuong Thi Ho
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Bupi Nattanong
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Eui-Joon Kil
- Department of Plant Medicals, Andong National University, Andong, South Korea
| | | | - Kyeong-Yeoll Lee
- Division of Applied Biosciences, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea
| | - Chi-Wei Tsai
- Department of Entomology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hang Thi Dao
- Plant Protection Research Institute, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Tin-Tin Aye
- Department of Entomology, Yezin Agricultural University, Yezin, Myanmar
| | - Nang Kyu Win
- Department of Plant Pathology, Yezin Agricultural University, Yezin, Myanmar
| | - Jangha Lee
- Crop Breeding Research Center, NongWoo Bio, Yeoju, South Korea
| | - Sang-Mok Kim
- Plant Quarantine Technology Center, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Gimcheon, South Korea
| | - Sukchan Lee
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
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15
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Talevski J, Sanders KM, Lal A, Watts JJ, Beauchamp A, Duque G, Borgström F, Kanis JA, Svedbom A, Brennan-Olsen SL. A micro-costing analysis of post-fracture care pathways: results from the International Costs and Utilities Related to Osteoporotic Fractures Study (ICUROS). Osteoporos Int 2022; 33:1895-1907. [PMID: 35701629 PMCID: PMC9463215 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-022-06460-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2022] [Accepted: 06/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED This study identified the costs and health-related quality of life impacts of several post-fracture multidisciplinary care pathways specific to individual skeletal site (hip, distal forearm, vertebrae, humerus). These care pathways may assist healthcare providers in allocating resources for osteoporotic fractures in more effective and cost-efficient ways. INTRODUCTION This micro-costing study was undertaken to provide the estimated healthcare costs of several fracture site-specific health service use pathways associated with different trajectories of health-related quality of life (HRQoL) 12-months post-fracture. METHODS The study included 4126 adults aged ≥ 50 years with a fragility fracture (1657 hip, 681 vertebrae, 1354 distal forearm, 434 humerus) from the International Costs & Utilities Related to Osteoporotic fractures Study (ICUROS). ICUROS participants were asked to recall the frequency and duration (where applicable) of their health and community care service use at 4- and 12-month follow-up visits. Patient-level costs were identified and aggregated to determine the average cost of healthcare use related to the fracture in each care pathway (presented in Australian 2021 dollars). Mean cost differences were calculated and analysed using a one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post hoc Bonferroni correction to determine any statistically significant differences. RESULTS The total direct cost of fractures was estimated at $89564, $38926, $18333, and $38461AUD per patient for hip, vertebral, wrist, and humeral participants, respectively. A Kruskal-Wallis test yielded a statistically significant difference in cost values between most care pathways (p < 0.001). Of the 20 care pathways, those associated with recovery of HRQoL had lower mean costs per patient across each fracture site. CONCLUSIONS This study identified the costs and HRQoL impacts of several multidisciplinary care pathways for individual fracture sites based on the health service utilization of an international cohort of older adults. These care pathways may assist healthcare providers in allocating resources for fragility fractures in more effective and cost-efficient ways.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Talevski
- Institute for Physical Activity and Nutrition Research (IPAN), School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Australia.
- Department of Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), The University of Melbourne and Western Health, St Albans, VIC, Australia.
- School of Rural Health, Monash University, Warragul, VIC, Australia.
| | - K M Sanders
- Department of Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), The University of Melbourne and Western Health, St Albans, VIC, Australia
- School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - A Lal
- Deakin Health Economics, School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
- Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - J J Watts
- School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
- Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
| | - A Beauchamp
- Department of Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), The University of Melbourne and Western Health, St Albans, VIC, Australia
- School of Rural Health, Monash University, Warragul, VIC, Australia
| | - G Duque
- Department of Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), The University of Melbourne and Western Health, St Albans, VIC, Australia
| | - F Borgström
- Quantify Research, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Learning, Informatics, Management and Ethics, Medical Management Centre, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J A Kanis
- Mary McKillop Institute for Health Research, Australian Catholic University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Centre for Metabolic Bone Diseases, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | | | - S L Brennan-Olsen
- Department of Medicine-Western Health, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, VIC, Australia
- Australian Institute for Musculoskeletal Science (AIMSS), The University of Melbourne and Western Health, St Albans, VIC, Australia
- School of Health and Social Development, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
- Institute for Health Transformation, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia
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Schrank T, Landess L, Stepp W, Rehmani H, Weir W, Lenze N, Lal A, Jefferys S, Blumberg J, Patel S, Lumley C, Hackman T, Issaeva N, Yarbrough W. HPV16-A1 Genotype is Associated with Poor Recurrence-Free Survival in HPV16 Associated Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Oropharynx. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2021.12.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Vo TTB, Lal A, Ho PT, Troiano E, Parrella G, Kil EJ, Lee S. Different Infectivity of Mediterranean and Southern Asian Tomato Leaf Curl New Delhi Virus Isolates in Cucurbit Crops. Plants (Basel) 2022; 11:704. [PMID: 35270174 PMCID: PMC8912351 DOI: 10.3390/plants11050704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Tomato leaf curl New Delhi virus (ToLCNDV) became an alerting virus in Europe from 2017 to 2020 because of its significant damage to Cucurbitaceae cultivation. Until now, just some cucurbit crops including sponge gourd, melon, pumpkin, and cucumber were reported to be resistant to ToLCNDV, but no commercial cultivars are available. In this study, a new isolate of ToLCNDV was identified in Pakistan and analyzed together with ToLCNDV-ES which was previously isolated in Italy. Furthermore, infectious clones of two ToLCNDV isolates were constructed and agroinoculated into different cucurbit crops to verify their infectivity. Results showed that both isolates exhibited severe infection on all tested cucurbit (>70%) except watermelon. Thus, those cultivars may be good candidates in the first step of screening genetic resources for resistance on both Southeast Asian and Mediterranean ToLCNDV isolates. Additional, comparison pathogenicity of different geographical ToLCNDV isolates will be aided to understand viral characterization as such knowledge could facilitate breeding resistance to this virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thuy T. B. Vo
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (T.T.B.V.); (A.L.); (P.T.H.)
| | - Aamir Lal
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (T.T.B.V.); (A.L.); (P.T.H.)
| | - Phuong T. Ho
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (T.T.B.V.); (A.L.); (P.T.H.)
| | - Elisa Troiano
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection of the National Research Council (IPSP-CNR), 80055 Portici, Italy;
| | - Giuseppe Parrella
- Institute for Sustainable Plant Protection of the National Research Council (IPSP-CNR), 80055 Portici, Italy;
| | - Eui-Joon Kil
- Department of Plant Medicals, Andong National University, Andong 36729, Korea
| | - Sukchan Lee
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (T.T.B.V.); (A.L.); (P.T.H.)
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18
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Lal A, Kim YH, Vo TTB, Wira Sanjaya IGNP, Ho PT, Byun HS, Choi HS, Kil EJ, Lee S. Identification of a Novel Geminivirus in Fraxinus rhynchophylla in Korea. Viruses 2021; 13:2385. [PMID: 34960653 PMCID: PMC8705360 DOI: 10.3390/v13122385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fraxinus rhynchophylla, common name ash, belongs to the family Oleaceae and is found in China, Korea, North America, the Indian subcontinent, and eastern Russia. It has been used as a traditional herbal medicine in Korea and various parts of the world due to its chemical constituents. During a field survey in March 2019, mild vein thickening (almost negligible) was observed in a few ash trees. High-throughput sequencing of libraries of total DNA from ash trees, rolling-circle amplification (RCA), and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) allowed the identification of a Fraxinus symptomless virus. This virus has five confirmed open reading frames along with a possible sixth open reading frame that encodes the movement protein and is almost 2.7 kb in size, with a nonanucleotide and stem loop structure identical to begomoviruses. In terms of its size and structure, this virus strongly resembles begomoviruses, but does not show any significant sequence identity with them. To confirm movement of the virus within the trees, different parts of infected trees were examined, and viral movement was successfully observed. No satellite molecules or DNA B were identified. Two-step PCR confirmed the virion and complementary strands during replication in both freshly collected infected samples of ash tree and Nicotiana benthamiana samples agro-inoculated with infectious clones. This taxon is so distantly grouped from other known geminiviruses that it likely represents a new geminivirus genus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aamir Lal
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (A.L.); (T.T.B.V.); (I.G.N.P.W.S.); (P.T.H.)
| | - Yong-Ho Kim
- Crop Protection Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 55365, Korea; (Y.-H.K.); (H.-S.B.)
| | - Thuy Thi Bich Vo
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (A.L.); (T.T.B.V.); (I.G.N.P.W.S.); (P.T.H.)
| | | | - Phuong Thi Ho
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (A.L.); (T.T.B.V.); (I.G.N.P.W.S.); (P.T.H.)
| | - Hee-Seong Byun
- Crop Protection Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 55365, Korea; (Y.-H.K.); (H.-S.B.)
| | - Hong-Soo Choi
- Crop Protection Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 55365, Korea; (Y.-H.K.); (H.-S.B.)
| | - Eui-Joon Kil
- Department of Plant Medicals, Andong National University, Andong 36729, Korea
| | - Sukchan Lee
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (A.L.); (T.T.B.V.); (I.G.N.P.W.S.); (P.T.H.)
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19
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Ji Q, Afridi KK, Bauer T, Giesbrecht G, Hou Y, Lal A, Ni D, Persaud A, Qin Z, Seidl P, Sinha S, Schenkel T. Beam power scale-up in micro-electromechanical systems based multi-beam ion accelerators. Rev Sci Instrum 2021; 92:103301. [PMID: 34717413 DOI: 10.1063/5.0058175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
We report on the development of multi-beam radio frequency (RF) linear ion accelerators that are formed from stacks of low cost wafers and describe the status of beam power scale-up using an array of 112 beams. The total argon ion current extracted from the 112-beamlet extraction column was 0.5 mA. The measured energy gain in each RF gap reached as high as 7.25 keV. We present a path toward using this technology to achieve ion currents >1 mA and ion energies >100 keV for applications in material processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Q Ji
- Acceleration Technology and Applied Physics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - K K Afridi
- Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA
| | - T Bauer
- Acceleration Technology and Applied Physics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - G Giesbrecht
- Acceleration Technology and Applied Physics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Y Hou
- Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA
| | - A Lal
- Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA
| | - D Ni
- Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA
| | - A Persaud
- Acceleration Technology and Applied Physics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Z Qin
- Acceleration Technology and Applied Physics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - P Seidl
- Acceleration Technology and Applied Physics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - S Sinha
- Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850, USA
| | - T Schenkel
- Acceleration Technology and Applied Physics, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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20
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Kim J, Lal A, Kil EJ, Kwak HR, Yoon HS, Choi HS, Kim M, Ali M, Lee S. Adaptation and Codon-Usage Preference of Apple and Pear-Infecting Apple Stem Grooving Viruses. Microorganisms 2021; 9:microorganisms9061111. [PMID: 34063757 PMCID: PMC8223792 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9061111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Apple stem grooving virus (ASGV; genus Capillovirus) is an economically important virus. It has an approx. 6.5 kb, monopartite, linear, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA genome. The present study includes identification of 24 isolates—13 isolates from apple (Pyrus malus L.) and 11 isolates from pear (Pyrus communis L.)—from different agricultural fields in South Korea. The coat protein (CP) gene of the corresponding 23 isolates were amplified, sequenced, and analyzed. The CP sequences showed phylogenetic separation based on their host species, and not on the geography, indicating host adaptation. Further analysis showed that the ASGV isolated in this study followed host adaptation influenced and preferred by the host codon-usage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaedeok Kim
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (J.K.); (A.L.); (E.-J.K.)
- Incheon International Airport Regional Office, Animal and Plant Quarantine Agency, Seoul 22382, Korea
| | - Aamir Lal
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (J.K.); (A.L.); (E.-J.K.)
| | - Eui-Joon Kil
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (J.K.); (A.L.); (E.-J.K.)
- Department of Plant Medicals, Andong National University, Andong 36729, Korea
| | - Hae-Ryun Kwak
- Crop Protection Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea; (H.-R.K.); (H.-S.C.)
| | - Hwan-Su Yoon
- Department of Biological Science, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea;
| | - Hong-Soo Choi
- Crop Protection Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea; (H.-R.K.); (H.-S.C.)
| | - Mikyeong Kim
- Crop Protection Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Wanju 55365, Korea; (H.-R.K.); (H.-S.C.)
- College of Agriculture, Life and Environment Sciences, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
- Correspondence: (M.K.); (M.A.); (S.L.); Tel.: +82-43-261-2509 (M.K.); +92-312-9959558 (M.A.); +82-31-290-7866 (S.L.); Fax: +82-43-271-4414 (M.K.); +82-31-290-7892 (S.L.)
| | - Muhammad Ali
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Science, University of Management and Technology (UMT), Johar Town, Lahore 54770, Pakistan
- Correspondence: (M.K.); (M.A.); (S.L.); Tel.: +82-43-261-2509 (M.K.); +92-312-9959558 (M.A.); +82-31-290-7866 (S.L.); Fax: +82-43-271-4414 (M.K.); +82-31-290-7892 (S.L.)
| | - Sukchan Lee
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 16419, Korea; (J.K.); (A.L.); (E.-J.K.)
- Correspondence: (M.K.); (M.A.); (S.L.); Tel.: +82-43-261-2509 (M.K.); +92-312-9959558 (M.A.); +82-31-290-7866 (S.L.); Fax: +82-43-271-4414 (M.K.); +82-31-290-7892 (S.L.)
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21
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Ploutz M, May L, Boucek D, Lal A, Molina K, Griffiths E. A Novel Hybrid Single Ventricular Assist Device (SVAD) Strategy for a Neonate with Ventricular Septal Defect, Aortic Arch Hypoplasia, and Biventricular Dysfunction. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.2091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
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22
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Lynch A, Ahuja S, Miron A, Nakano S, Howard T, Villa C, Armstrong K, Kaufman B, Gardin L, Whitehill R, Parent J, Godown J, Henderson H, Aziz P, Colan S, Seshadri B, Kantor P, Russell M, Lal A, Butts R, Richmond M, Conway J, Weintraub R, Rossano J, Mital S. Sudden Cardiac Death and ICD Use in Rasopathy-Associated Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. J Heart Lung Transplant 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2021.01.1821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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23
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Lal A, Vo TTB, Sanjaya IGNPW, Ho PT, Kim JK, Kil EJ, Lee S. Nanovirus Disease Complexes: An Emerging Threat in the Modern Era. Front Plant Sci 2020; 11:558403. [PMID: 33329624 PMCID: PMC7710663 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.558403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Multipartite viruses package their genomic segments independently and mainly infect plants; few target animals. Nanoviridae is a family of multipartite single-stranded DNA plant viruses that individually encapsidate single-stranded DNAs of approximately 1 kb and transmit them through aphids without replication in the aphid vectors, thereby causing important diseases of leguminous crops and banana. Significant findings regarding nanoviruses have recently been made on important features, such as their multicellular way of life, the transmission of distinct encapsidated genome segments through the vector body, evolutionary ambiguities, mode of infection, host range and geographical distribution. This review deals with all the above-mentioned features in view of recent advances with special emphasis on the emergence of new species and recognition of new host range of nanoviruses and aims to shed light on the evolutionary linkages, the potentially devastating impact on the world economy, and the future challenges imposed by nanoviruses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aamir Lal
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Thuy Thi Bich Vo
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | | | - Phuong Thi Ho
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
| | - Ji-Kwang Kim
- Research and Development Bureau, Chungcheongnam-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services, Yesan, South Korea
| | - Eui-Joon Kil
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
- Department of Plant Medicals, Andong National University, Andong, South Korea
| | - Sukchan Lee
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea
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Affiliation(s)
- K K Sahu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Vincent Hospital, 123 Summer Street, Worcester, MA 01608, USA
| | - A K Mishra
- Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Vincent Hospital, 123 Summer Street, Worcester, MA 01608, USA
| | - A Lal
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 1st St SW, Rochester, Minnesota, 55902, USA
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Ali M, Javaid A, Naqvi SH, Batcho A, Kayani WK, Lal A, Sajid IA, Nwogwugwu JO. Biotic stress triggered small RNA and RNAi defense response in plants. Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:5511-5522. [PMID: 32562176 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05583-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The yield of crops is largely affected by different types of biotic stresses. To minimize the damage, crop plants adapted themselves to overcome the stress conditions through gene expression reprogramming at transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels. With a better knowledge of plants' responses in adverse environments, new methodologies and strategies have been applied to develop better stress-tolerant plants. In this manner, small RNAs (micro RNA and small-interfering RNA) are reported to play a central role to combat biotic stresses in plants. Depending upon the stress stimuli, these small RNAs can up or down regulate the genes expression, that indicate their potential role in overcoming the stress. These stress-induced small RNAs may reduce the expression of the target gene(s) that might negatively influence plants' response to the adverse conditions. Contrariwise, miRNA, a class of small RNA, can downregulate its expression to upregulate the expression of the target gene(s), which might positively aid to the stress adaptation. Along with this, benefits of RNA interference (RNAi) have also been stated in functional genomic research on insects, fungi and plant pathogens. RNAi is involved in the safe transport of dsRNA to the targeted mRNA(s) in the biotic stress-causing agents (for example fungi and insects) and saves the plant from damage, which is a safer approach compared to use of chemical pesticides. The current review summarizes the role of small RNAs and the use of RNAi to save the plants from biotic stress conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsin Ali
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, 230027, Anhui, China.
- Department of Bioinformatics & Biotechnology, International Islamic University, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan.
| | - Ayesha Javaid
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China (USTC), Hefei, 230027, Anhui, China
| | - Sajid Hassan Naqvi
- Department of Bioinformatics & Biotechnology, International Islamic University, Islamabad, 44000, Pakistan
| | - Anicet Batcho
- Division of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and Environmental Science, Catholic University of the West Africa, Cotonou, Benin
| | - Waqas Khan Kayani
- Department of Plant Breeding, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, PO Box 101, 23053, Alnarp, Sweden
| | - Aamir Lal
- Department of Integrative Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University Natural Sciences Campus, Suwon, Gyeonggi-do, 16419, South Korea
| | - Imtiaz Ahmad Sajid
- Institute of Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Joy O Nwogwugwu
- Pathology Section, Department of Forest Conservation and Protection, Forestry Research Institute of Nigeria, Ibadan, Nigeria
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Fullard A, Earley H, Lowery A, Lal A, Merrigan A, Tormey S. Timing of Low Molecular Weight Heparin Administration in Breast Surgery and Post-Operative Haematoma Formation. Ir Med J 2020; 113:54. [PMID: 32268047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Aims The aims of this study were to: identify current practice regarding low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) prophylaxis in elective breast surgery, to determine if timing of administration of LMWH prophylaxis or specific patient demographic factors impacts the rate of post-operative haematoma formation. Methods Retrospective cohort study involving 100 patients who underwent elective breast surgery in a tertiary centre in Ireland in 2017. Medical charts were reviewed to collect data on; timing of LMWH administration, incidence of post-operative haematoma and patient's age, BMI, smoking status and anti-coagulant use. Statistical analysis was then performed. Results Forty-two patients (42%) received enoxaparin pre-operatively and thirty-one patients (31%) post-operatively. Incidence of post-operative haematoma was 4% (n=4). Of the haematoma group, three patients (75%) received post-operative enoxaparin (p=0.166). Independent patient factors did not significantly impact rate of haematoma formation. Conclusions Post-operative haematoma rate is 4%. Timing of LMWH prophylaxis administration did not significantly affect this rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Fullard
- Symptomatic Breast Unit, Department of Surgery, University Hospital Limerick
| | - H Earley
- Symptomatic Breast Unit, Department of Surgery, University Hospital Limerick
| | - A Lowery
- Symptomatic Breast Unit, Department of Surgery, University Hospital Limerick
| | - A Lal
- Symptomatic Breast Unit, Department of Surgery, University Hospital Limerick
| | - A Merrigan
- Symptomatic Breast Unit, Department of Surgery, University Hospital Limerick
| | - S Tormey
- Symptomatic Breast Unit, Department of Surgery, University Hospital Limerick
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Affiliation(s)
- K K Sahu
- Department of Medicine, Saint Vincent Hospital, 123 Summer Street, Worcester, MA 01608, USA
| | - A Lal
- Department of Medicine, Saint Vincent Hospital, 123 Summer Street, Worcester, MA 01608, USA
| | - A K Mishra
- Department of Medicine, Saint Vincent Hospital, 123 Summer Street, Worcester, MA 01608, USA
| | - P Zhang
- Department of Medicine, Saint Vincent Hospital, 123 Summer Street, Worcester, MA 01608, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Mishra
- Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Vincent Hospital, Worcester, MA 01608, USA
| | - K K Sahu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Vincent Hospital, Worcester, MA 01608, USA
| | - A Lal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Vincent Hospital, Worcester, MA 01608, USA
| | - V Menon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Vincent Hospital, Worcester, MA 01608, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Mishra
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Vincent Hospital, Worcester, MA 01608, USA
| | - K K Sahu
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Vincent Hospital, Worcester, MA 01608, USA
| | - A Lal
- Department of Critical Care, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA
| | - M Sujata
- Department of Critical Care, Lahey Clinic, Burlington, MA, USA
- Saint Vincent Hospital, Worcester, MA 01608, USA
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Sahu KK, Mishra AK, Lal A, Kranis M. An interesting case of expressive aphasia: Enterococcus faecalis-related infective endocarditis complicating as septic emboli. QJM 2020; 113:146-147. [PMID: 31268537 DOI: 10.1093/qjmed/hcz169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- K K Sahu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Vincent Hospital, 123 Summer Street, Worcester, MA 01608, USA
| | - A K Mishra
- Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Vincent Hospital, 123 Summer Street, Worcester, MA 01608, USA
| | - A Lal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Vincent Hospital, 123 Summer Street, Worcester, MA 01608, USA
| | - M Kranis
- Department of Cardiovascular diseases, Saint Vincent Hospital, 123 Summer Street, Worcester, MA 01608, USA
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Mishra
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Vincent Hospital, Worcester, MA 01608, USA
| | - K K Sahu
- From the Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Vincent Hospital, Worcester, MA 01608, USA
| | - A Lal
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA
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Lal A, Tharyan A, Tharyan P. The prevalence, determinants and the role of empathy and religious or spiritual beliefs on job stress, job satisfaction, coping, burnout, and mental health in medical and surgical faculty of a teaching hospital: A cross-sectional survey. Rev Med Interne 2020; 41:232-240. [PMID: 31924391 DOI: 10.1016/j.revmed.2019.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Systematically ascertained data on job stress and burnout and their antecedents and mediators in health professionals from low- and middle-income countries are scant. METHODS This cross sectional survey, conducted from July 2007 to August 2008, of consenting medical and surgical faculty of a large, charitable, teaching hospital aimed to evaluate: 1) the prevalence and sources of job stress and job satisfaction, and the ways used to cope with stress; 2) the prevalence of burnout and mental distress; and 3) the influence of age, gender, empathy and religious or spiritual beliefs on job stress, satisfaction, mental health and burnout. RESULTS Of 345 respondents, high job stress on the Physician Stress and Satisfaction questionnaire were reported by 23%. However, 98% of faculty reported high levels of job satisfaction with deriving intellectual stimulation from teaching and a high level of responsibility identified as important contributory sources. Significantly more respondents aged<45 years compared to older faculty achieved moderate or high scores on Emotional Exhaustion and Depersonalization. General Health Questionnaire-12 scores suggested psychiatric morbidity in 21%, particularly in younger faculty. High job stress was associated with high scores for Emotional Exhaustion and Depersonalization. High scores on the Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy correlated with high scores of Emotional Exhaustion. Religious or spiritual beliefs strongly influencing attitudes to work were significantly associated with high levels of Personal Accomplishment. CONCLUSIONS This study provides data that will inform the design and implementation of interventions to reduce job stress and burnout and improve retention of faculty.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lal
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 55902 Rochester, MN, USA.
| | - A Tharyan
- Department of Psychiatry, Christian Medical College, 632002 Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - P Tharyan
- Department of Psychiatry, Christian Medical College, 632002 Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India
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Silbernagel KM, Carver CN, Jechorek RP, Johnson RL, Alejo W, Aleo V, Buresh J, Cagri A, Campbell S, Carson M, Chinault K, Clayborn J, Cook F, Dammann H, Dorn S, Elko B, Farmer D, Farmer R, Gasses T, Greiman L, Guzman C, Hemker M, Hintz C, Jechorek R, Jenkins J, Kexel N, Kildisg J, Knickerbocker J, Kora L, Koziczkowski J, Krieg D, Lal A, Lam L, Lau D, Loftis M, Madewell L, Matisko V, Miele A, Muzzy T, Park J, Peters C, Pickett J, Radermacher S, Romero H, Ross J, Rotten J, Rule P, Ryser E, Satterwhite LK, Schultz A, Shell D, Smith J, Storment E, Ulmer M, Walia J, Whetzel S, Woltman N. Evaluation of VIDAS Listeria monocytogenes II (LMO2) Immunoassay Method for the Detection of Listeria monocytogenes in Foods: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/87.5.1123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A multilaboratory study was conducted to compare the VIDAS®Listeria monocytogenes II (LMO2) immunoassay and the standard cultural methods for the detection of Listeria monocytogenes in foods. Five food types—vanilla ice cream, brie cheese, cooked roast beef, frozen green beans, and frozen tilapia fish—at 3 levels were analyzed by each method. A total of 26 laboratories representing government and industry participated. In this study, 1404 test portions were analyzed of which 1152 were used in the statistical analysis. There were 448 positive by the VIDAS LMO2 assay and 457 positive by the standard culture methods. A χ2 analysis of each of the 5 food types, at the 3 inoculation levels tested, was performed. The resulting χ2 value, 0.36, indicates that overall, there are no statistical differences between the VIDAS LMO2 assay and the standard methods at the 5% level of significance.
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Silbernagel K, Jechorek R, Barbour WM, Mrozinski P, Alejo W, Aleo V, Andaloro B, Beacorn F, Benzinger J, Bogar S, Brayman C, Broom J, Carson M, Carver C, Cheng C, Centrella B, Clayborn J, Collins C, Deibel C, Divine M, Eliasberg S, Farmer D, Frye S, Gatesy T, Goodstein E, Halker C, Hall G, Hanson P, Hartman G, Heddaeus K, Hembree J, Hutchins J, Istafanos P, Jechorek R, Jenkins J, Kerdahi K, Kremer S, Lal A, Leighton S, Lester D, Lewis J, Lin J, Martin J, Maselli M, McCarthy P, McGovern B, Mills M, Mohnke F, Moon B, Moss D, Plaza M, Robeson S, Romero H, Rubalcaba D, Schultz A, Seehusen J, Shaw C, Siem K, Sloan E, Stanerson J, Stepanova N, Van K, Van Enkenvoort K, Vialpando M, Warren W, Watts K, Wilson K, Woodruff T. Evaluation of the BAX® System for Detection of Listeria monocytogenes in Foods: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/87.2.395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A multilaboratory study was conducted to compare the automated BAX® system and the standard cultural methods for detection of Listeria monocytogenes in foods. Six food types (frankfurters, soft cheese, smoked salmon, raw, ground beef, fresh radishes, and frozen peas) were analyzed by each method. For each food type, 3 inoculation levels were tested: high (average of 2 CFU/g), low (average of 0.2 CFU/g) and uninoculated controls. A total of 25 laboratories representing government and industry participated. Of the 2335 samples analyzed, 1109 were positive by the BAX system and 1115 were positive by the standard method. A Chi square analysis of each of the 6 food types, at the 3 inoculation levels tested, was performed. For all foods, except radishes, the BAX system performed as well as or better than the standard reference methods based on the Chi square results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - W Mark Barbour
- DuPont Qualicon, 3531 Silverside Rd, Bedford Bldg, Wilmington, DE 19810
| | - Peter Mrozinski
- DuPont Qualicon, 3531 Silverside Rd, Bedford Bldg, Wilmington, DE 19810
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McKinnon R, McCann J, Ames B, Shigenaga M, Lal A, Suh J, Krauss R, Gildengorin G, Goldrich A, Shenvi S. Multicomponent Nutrient Bar Promotes Weight Loss and Improves Dyslipidemia and Insulin Resistance. J Acad Nutr Diet 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jand.2019.08.103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- A K Mishra
- Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Vincent Hospital, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - K K Sahu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Vincent Hospital, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - A Lal
- Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Vincent Hospital, Worcester, MA, USA
| | - Z Peng
- Consultant in Department of Internal Medicine, Saint Vincent Hospital, Worcester, MA, USA
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Mishra A, George A, Sahu K, Lal A. Yellow nail syndrome: differentials and prognosis. Neth J Med 2019; 77:195-196. [PMID: 31264591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A Mishra
- Department of Internal Medicine, St Vincent Hospital, Massachusetts, USA
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Myles PS, Smith JA, Kasza J, Silbert B, Jayarajah M, Painter T, Cooper DJ, Marasco S, McNeil J, Bussières JS, McGuinness S, Byrne K, Chan MT, Landoni G, Wallace S, Forbes A, Myles P, Smith J, Cooper DJ, Silbert B, McNeil J, Marasco S, Esmore D, Krum H, Tonkin A, Buxton B, Heritier S, Merry A, Liew D, McNeil J, Forbes A, Cooper D, Wallace S, Meehan A, Myles P, Wallace S, Galagher W, Farrington C, Ditoro A, Wutzlhofer L, Story D, Peyton P, Baulch S, Sidiropoulos S, Potgieter D, Baker R, Pesudovs B, O'Loughlin J Wells E, Coutts P, Bolsin S, Osborne C, Ives K, Smith J, Hulley A, Christie-Taylor G, Painter T, Lang S, Mackay H, Cokis C, March S, Bannon P, Wong C, Turner L, Scott D, Silbert B, Said S, Corcoran P, Painter T, de Prinse L, Bussières J, Gagné N, Lamy A, Semelhago L, Chan M, Underwood M, Choi G, Fung B, Landoni G, Lembo R, Monaco F, Simeone F, Marianello D, Alvaro G, De Vuono G, van Dijk D, Dieleman J, Numan S, McGuinness S, Parke R, Raudkivi P, Gilder E, Byrne K, Dunning J, Termaat J, Mans G, Jayarajah M, Alderton J, Waugh D, Platt M, Pai A, Sevillano A, Lal A, Sinclair C, Kunst G, Knighton A, Cubas G, Saravanan P, Millner R, Vasudevan V, Patteril M, Lopez E, Basu R, Lu J. Tranexamic acid in coronary artery surgery: One-year results of the Aspirin and Tranexamic Acid for Coronary Artery Surgery (ATACAS) trial. J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2019; 157:644-652.e9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jtcvs.2018.09.113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2018] [Revised: 09/13/2018] [Accepted: 09/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Baty N, Singh R, Lal A. Diagnostic yield and safety of EBUS-TBNA: single-centre experience of 500 patients. Lung Cancer 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0169-5002(19)30093-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Zafar SA, Ahmed OM, Boland MR, Aucharaz N, Lal A. Merkel Cell Carcinoma: A Case Series. Ir Med J 2018; 111:826. [PMID: 30556674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) is a rare cutaneous tumour that is clinically aggressive with a high local, regional, and distant metastatic potential. Cases Three male patients presented to University Hospital Limerick (UHL) in 2015 with cutaneous lesions of the thorax, buttock and forearm. Once MCC was confirmed, management included surgical wide local excision (WLE) with regional lymph node dissection followed by adjuvant radiotherapy. One patient is in remission. The second has residual locoregional lymph node disease and is undergoing annual CT surveillance. The third had distant metastatic disease and is deceased from an unrelated condition. Discussion This case series highlights the presentation and management of MCC. We also discus relevant guidelines. The management of MCC is complex and there is a need to establish local or national databases to identify and monitor patients with MCC.
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Seidl PA, Persaud A, Ghiorso W, Ji Q, Waldron WL, Lal A, Vinayakumar KB, Schenkel T. Source-to-accelerator quadrupole matching section for a compact linear accelerator. Rev Sci Instrum 2018; 89:053302. [PMID: 29864834 DOI: 10.1063/1.5023415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Recently, we presented a new approach for a compact radio-frequency (RF) accelerator structure and demonstrated the functionality of the individual components: acceleration units and focusing elements. In this paper, we combine these units to form a working accelerator structure: a matching section between the ion source extraction grids and the RF-acceleration unit and electrostatic focusing quadrupoles between successive acceleration units. The matching section consists of six electrostatic quadrupoles (ESQs) fabricated using 3D-printing techniques. The matching section enables us to capture more beam current and to match the beam envelope to conditions for stable transport in an acceleration lattice. We present data from an integrated accelerator consisting of the source, matching section, and an ESQ doublet sandwiched between two RF-acceleration units.
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Affiliation(s)
- P A Seidl
- Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Persaud
- Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W Ghiorso
- Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Q Ji
- Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W L Waldron
- Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Lal
- SonicMEMS Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - K B Vinayakumar
- SonicMEMS Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - T Schenkel
- Ernest Orlando Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
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Phillips K, Thrush P, Lal A, Kindel S, Castleberry C, Sparks J, Daly K, Johnson J. Marijuana in Pediatric and Adult Congenital Heart Transplant Listing: A Survey of Provider Practices and Attitudes. J Heart Lung Transplant 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.01.1013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Gambetta K, Wittlieb-Weber C, Bock M, Villa C, Johnson J, Lal A, Schumacher K, Law S, Deshpande S, West S, Friedland-Little J, Lytrivi I, Butts R, Cunningham C, Knecht K, McCullough M. Impact of Genotype on Boys with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy. J Heart Lung Transplant 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2018.01.290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022] Open
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Madhavan R, Renilmon PS, Nair HM, Lal A, Nair SS, Unnikrishnan UG, Makuny D. Stereotactic body radiation therapy for early-stage primary lung cancer, is an active breath coordinator necessary? An audit from a tertiary cancer care center. Indian J Cancer 2017; 54:301-304. [PMID: 29199709 DOI: 10.4103/ijc.ijc_230_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT The hypofractionated stereotactic body radiation therapy (SBRT) has emerged as a safe and effective treatment modality for early-stage nonsmall cell lung carcinoma. AIMS An audit SBRT in primary lung cancer treated in our center with and without an active breath coordinator (ABC) was undertaken to evaluate its impact on target volumes and clinical outcomes. SETTINGS AND DESIGN This was an observational study. MATERIALS AND METHODS Nine patients with lung carcinoma were treated from January 2014 to August 2016. Five patients were simulated using ABC and four patients with free breathing. Volumetric modulated arc therapy plans were generated using Monaco treatment planning software. Three patients were treated with a dose of 54 Gy in three fractions and six patients with a dose of 48 Gy in four fractions. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED The statistical analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier survival. RESULTS The mean planning target volumes (PTV) in ABC and free breathing groups were 42.19cc and 60.17cc, respectively. The mean volume of lung receiving 20, 10, and 5 Gy (V20, V10and V5) in ABC group were 5.37cc, 10.49cc, and 18.45cc whereas in free breathing 6.63cc, 12.74cc, and 20.64cc, respectively. At a median follow-up of 18 months, there were three local recurrences. No significant toxicity occurred in our series. CONCLUSION Our initial results show that SBRT is well tolerated with good local control. Although the PTV volume and irradiated normal lung volume was higher in this group compared to ABC group, this did not translate to any added clinical toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Madhavan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita University, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - P S Renilmon
- Department of Radiation Physics, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita University, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - H M Nair
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita University, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - A Lal
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita University, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - S S Nair
- Department of Radiation Physics, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita University, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - U G Unnikrishnan
- Department of Biostatistics, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita University, Kochi, Kerala, India
| | - D Makuny
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Amrita University, Kochi, Kerala, India
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Viotti M, Victor A, Brake A, Tyndall J, Murphy A, Lepkowsky L, Lal A, Griffin D, Zouves C, Barnes F. Exploring the chromosomal concordance between trophectoderm and inner cell mass reveals a 6% ‘biological false negative’ rate during preimplantation genetic screening. Fertil Steril 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2017.07.837] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Bhatt NR, Boland MR, McGovern R, Lal A, Tormey S, Lowery AJ, Merrigan BA. Upper limb lymphedema in breast cancer patients in the era of Z0011, sentinel lymph node biopsy and breast conservation. Ir J Med Sci 2017; 187:327-331. [DOI: 10.1007/s11845-017-1658-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2017] [Accepted: 07/05/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Sekar A, Gupta N, Rajwanshi A, Chaturvedi R, Singh N, Lal A. The role of the cytopathologist in subtyping and epidermal growth factor receptor testing in non-small cell lung cancer: An institutional experience. Cytopathology 2017; 28:371-377. [PMID: 28730709 DOI: 10.1111/cyt.12445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Approximately 10% of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclassifiable as NSCLC-not otherwise specified (NOS), after using a panel of immunomarkers. The present study was undertaken to assess sensitivity and specificity of immunomarkers in sub-typing NSCLC on fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC). Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations were also detected in these samples. METHODS Sixty cases of NSCLC including 15 squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), 15 adenocarcinomas (ADC) and 30 NSCLC-NOS reported on FNAC were included in the study. A panel of CK7, CK5/6, TTF-1 and p63 was applied in these cases. DNA was extracted from 54 cases including 14 effusion samples, and EGFR mutations were detected. RESULTS Classic ADC cases (n=15) showed 73.3% TTF-1 positivity and 100% CK7 positivity. Two cases of ADC showed aberrant expression of p63 and 2 cases showed CK5/6 positivity. 80% of classic SCC cases (n=15) showed strong nuclear p63 positivity and 86.6% were positive for CK5/6. TTF-1 was seen exclusively in ADC cases. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) using two immunomarkers (TTF-1 and p63) helped in subtyping 24/30(80%) cases of NSCLC. EGFR mutations were detected in 9/54 (16.7%) cases, and the most common mutation was short in-frame deletion in Exon 19. CONCLUSIONS More than 90% of NSCLC can be sub-typed on cytology samples with the help of immunochemistry. The sensitivity of TTF-1, p63, CK5/6 and CK7 was 73.3%, 80%, 100% and 100%, respectively. The specificity of TTF-1, p63, CK5/6 and CK7 was 100%, 86.6%, 86.6% and 93.3%, respectively. TTF-1 is highly specific, and almost 80% of NSCLC-NOS cases can be sub-typed using TTF-1 and p63. EGFR mutations can be detected in cytology samples, and 16.7% samples were positive for EGFR mutations.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Sekar
- Department of Cytology and Gynecological Pathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - N Gupta
- Department of Cytology and Gynecological Pathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - A Rajwanshi
- Department of Cytology and Gynecological Pathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - R Chaturvedi
- Department of Cytology and Gynecological Pathology, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - N Singh
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
| | - A Lal
- Department of Radiodiagnosis, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India
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Persaud A, Ji Q, Feinberg E, Seidl PA, Waldron WL, Schenkel T, Lal A, Vinayakumar KB, Ardanuc S, Hammer DA. A compact linear accelerator based on a scalable microelectromechanical-system RF-structure. Rev Sci Instrum 2017; 88:063304. [PMID: 28667999 DOI: 10.1063/1.4984969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
A new approach for a compact radio-frequency (RF) accelerator structure is presented. The new accelerator architecture is based on the Multiple Electrostatic Quadrupole Array Linear Accelerator (MEQALAC) structure that was first developed in the 1980s. The MEQALAC utilized RF resonators producing the accelerating fields and providing for higher beam currents through parallel beamlets focused using arrays of electrostatic quadrupoles (ESQs). While the early work obtained ESQs with lateral dimensions on the order of a few centimeters, using a printed circuit board (PCB), we reduce the characteristic dimension to the millimeter regime, while massively scaling up the potential number of parallel beamlets. Using Microelectromechanical systems scalable fabrication approaches, we are working on further reducing the characteristic dimension to the sub-millimeter regime. The technology is based on RF-acceleration components and ESQs implemented in the PCB or silicon wafers where each beamlet passes through beam apertures in the wafer. The complete accelerator is then assembled by stacking these wafers. This approach has the potential for fast and inexpensive batch fabrication of the components and flexibility in system design for application specific beam energies and currents. For prototyping the accelerator architecture, the components have been fabricated using the PCB. In this paper, we present proof of concept results of the principal components using the PCB: RF acceleration and ESQ focusing. Ongoing developments on implementing components in silicon and scaling of the accelerator technology to high currents and beam energies are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Persaud
- E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Q Ji
- E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - E Feinberg
- E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - P A Seidl
- E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - W L Waldron
- E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - T Schenkel
- E. O. Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - A Lal
- SonicMEMS Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - K B Vinayakumar
- SonicMEMS Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - S Ardanuc
- SonicMEMS Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - D A Hammer
- SonicMEMS Laboratory, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
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Rossano J, Addonizio L, Canter C, Colan S, Dodd D, Everitt M, Harty B, Hsu D, Jefferies J, Kantor P, Lal A, Lamour J, Lee T, Pahl E, Shi L, Towbin J, Ware S, Webber S, Wilkinson J, Lipshultz S. The Association of Carvedilol Use on Transplant Free Survival in Pediatric Patients with Dilated Cardiomyopathy: An Analysis from the Pediatric Cardiomyopathy Registry. J Heart Lung Transplant 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.healun.2017.01.705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Lal A, Chohan K, Chohan A, Chakravarti A. Role of honey after tonsillectomy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Clin Otolaryngol 2016; 42:651-660. [PMID: 27863042 DOI: 10.1111/coa.12792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Honey reduced post-tonsillectomy pain, but its effects on awakening at night, inflammation and healing of the tonsillar fossa were controversial. OBJECTIVES This systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) evaluated the effect of oral honey on pain, consumption of painkillers, awakening at night, healing of tonsillar fossa and adverse effects in children after tonsillectomy. METHODS A search of MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, CINAHL and Cochrane Collaboration Library databases was performed without any restriction of publication year. The end date of search was 30 June 2016. The search was supplemented by search from Google, hand search of cross-references of selected articles and reviews, and contacting the authors of different studies. The inclusion criteria were RCTs comparing the effect of honey with control on different outcomes, in children after tonsillectomy. RESULTS Our search generated 64 studies, and eight RCTs met our inclusion criteria. The methodological quality of RCTs was poor. Compared to control, honey significantly decreased postoperative pain from day 1 to day 7 (P = 0.05 to <0.0001); consumption of painkillers from days 1 to 5 (P = 0.03 to 0.003) and on day 10 (P = 0.002); and number of awakening at night due to pain on days 2 and 4 after tonsillectomy (P = 0.0001, 0.004). The healing of tonsillar fossa was significantly greater with honey compared to control on days 3-4 (P = 0.02) and days ≥9 (P = 0.01) after tonsillectomy. The adverse effects were not significantly different between honey and control groups. The Grading of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) of the evidence for different outcomes varied from 'low' to 'very low'. CONCLUSIONS Honey improved pain, requirement of painkillers and awakening at night due to pain in children after tonsillectomy. There was little improvement in healing of tonsillar fossa. The GRADE of the evidence varied from 'low' to 'very low'. A good-quality, placebo-controlled RCT of different doses and durations of administration of honey is required to evaluate its clear efficacy and safety in children after tonsillectomy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Lal
- Department of Anesthesia and Perioperative Medicine, University Hospital, London, ON, Canada
| | - K Chohan
- Department of Biomedical Science, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - A Chohan
- Department of Psychology, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - A Chakravarti
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology- Head and Neck Surgery, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, India
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