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Sielemann K, Pucker B, Orsini E, Elashry A, Schulte L, Viehöver P, Müller AE, Schechert A, Weisshaar B, Holtgräwe D. Genomic characterization of a nematode tolerance locus in sugar beet. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:748. [PMID: 38057719 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09823-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infection by beet cyst nematodes (BCN, Heterodera schachtii) causes a serious disease of sugar beet, and climatic change is expected to improve the conditions for BCN infection. Yield and yield stability under adverse conditions are among the main breeding objectives. Breeding of BCN tolerant sugar beet cultivars offering high yield in the presence of the pathogen is therefore of high relevance. RESULTS To identify causal genes providing tolerance against BCN infection, we combined several experimental and bioinformatic approaches. Relevant genomic regions were detected through mapping-by-sequencing using a segregating F2 population. DNA sequencing of contrasting F2 pools and analyses of allele frequencies for variant positions identified a single genomic region which confers nematode tolerance. The genomic interval was confirmed and narrowed down by genotyping with newly developed molecular markers. To pinpoint the causal genes within the potential nematode tolerance locus, we generated long read-based genome sequence assemblies of the tolerant parental breeding line Strube U2Bv and the susceptible reference line 2320Bv. We analyzed continuous sequences of the potential locus with regard to functional gene annotation and differential gene expression upon BCN infection. A cluster of genes with similarity to the Arabidopsis thaliana gene encoding nodule inception protein-like protein 7 (NLP7) was identified. Gene expression analyses confirmed transcriptional activity and revealed clear differences between susceptible and tolerant genotypes. CONCLUSIONS Our findings provide new insights into the genomic basis of plant-nematode interactions that can be used to design and accelerate novel management strategies against BCN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katharina Sielemann
- Genetics and Genomics of Plants, Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec) & Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
- Graduate School DILS, Bielefeld Institute for Bioinformatics Infrastructure (BIBI), Bielefeld University, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Boas Pucker
- Plant Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Institute of Plant Biology & Braunschweig Integrated Centre of Systems Biology (BRICS), TU Braunschweig, 38106, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Elena Orsini
- Strube Research GmbH & Co. KG, Hauptstraße 1, 38387, Söllingen, Germany
| | | | - Lukas Schulte
- Genetics and Genomics of Plants, Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec) & Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Prisca Viehöver
- Genetics and Genomics of Plants, Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec) & Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Andreas E Müller
- Strube Research GmbH & Co. KG, Hauptstraße 1, 38387, Söllingen, Germany
| | - Axel Schechert
- Strube Research GmbH & Co. KG, Hauptstraße 1, 38387, Söllingen, Germany
| | - Bernd Weisshaar
- Genetics and Genomics of Plants, Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec) & Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany
| | - Daniela Holtgräwe
- Genetics and Genomics of Plants, Center for Biotechnology (CeBiTec) & Faculty of Biology, Bielefeld University, 33615, Bielefeld, Germany.
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Koutsovoulos GD, Poullet M, Elashry A, Kozlowski DKL, Sallet E, Da Rocha M, Perfus-Barbeoch L, Martin-Jimenez C, Frey JE, Ahrens CH, Kiewnick S, Danchin EGJ. Author Correction: Genome assembly and annotation of Meloidogyne enterolobii, an emerging parthenogenetic root-knot nematode. Sci Data 2020; 7:413. [PMID: 33214557 PMCID: PMC7677529 DOI: 10.1038/s41597-020-00747-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
A Correction to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41597-020-00747-0.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marine Poullet
- Université Côte d'Azur, IN RAE, CNRS, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | | | - Djampa K L Kozlowski
- Université Côte d'Azur, IN RAE, CNRS, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | - Erika Sallet
- Laboratoire des Interactions Plantes-Microorganismes, INRAE, CNRS, 31326, Castanet-Tolosan, France
| | - Martine Da Rocha
- Université Côte d'Azur, IN RAE, CNRS, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, Sophia Antipolis, France
| | | | | | - Juerg Ernst Frey
- Agroscope, Molecular Diagnostics, Genomics & Bioinformatics, Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Christian H Ahrens
- Agroscope, Molecular Diagnostics, Genomics & Bioinformatics, Wädenswil, Switzerland.,Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics, Bioinformatics, Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Kiewnick
- Julius Kühn Institute (JKI) - Federal Research Centre for Cultivated Plants Federal Research Centre for cultivated Plants, Messeweg 11/12, 38104, Braunschweig, Germany.
| | - Etienne G J Danchin
- Université Côte d'Azur, IN RAE, CNRS, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech, Sophia Antipolis, France.
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3
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Pokhare SS, Thorpe P, Hedley P, Morris J, Habash SS, Elashry A, Eves-van den Akker S, Grundler FMW, Jones JT. Signatures of adaptation to a monocot host in the plant-parasitic cyst nematode Heterodera sacchari. Plant J 2020; 103:1263-1274. [PMID: 32623778 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.14910] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/18/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Interactions between plant-parasitic nematodes and their hosts are mediated by effectors, i.e. secreted proteins that manipulate the plant to the benefit of the pathogen. To understand the role of effectors in host adaptation in nematodes, we analysed the transcriptome of Heterodera sacchari, a cyst nematode parasite of rice (Oryza sativa) and sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum). A multi-gene phylogenetic analysis showed that H. sacchari and the cereal cyst nematode Heterodera avenae share a common evolutionary origin and that they evolved to parasitise monocot plants from a common dicot-parasitic ancestor. We compared the effector repertoires of H. sacchari with those of the dicot parasites Heterodera glycines and Globodera rostochiensis to understand the consequences of this transition. While, in general, effector repertoires are similar between the species, comparing effectors and non-effectors of H. sacchari and G. rostochiensis shows that effectors have accumulated more mutations than non-effectors. Although most effectors show conserved spatiotemporal expression profiles and likely function, some H. sacchari effectors are adapted to monocots. This is exemplified by the plant-peptide hormone mimics, the CLAVATA3/EMBRYO SURROUNDING REGION-like (CLE) effectors. Peptide hormones encoded by H. sacchari CLE effectors are more similar to those from rice than those from other plants, or those from other plant-parasitic nematodes. We experimentally validated the functional significance of these observations by demonstrating that CLE peptides encoded by H. sacchari induce a short root phenotype in rice, whereas those from a related dicot parasite do not. These data provide a functional example of effector evolution that co-occurred with the transition from a dicot-parasitic to a monocot-parasitic lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somnath S Pokhare
- Department of Molecular Phytomedicine, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, Bonn, 53115, Germany
- Crop Protection Division, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, Odisha, 753006, India
| | - Peter Thorpe
- The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK
- School of Medicine, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, KY16 9TZ, UK
| | - Pete Hedley
- The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK
| | - Jennifer Morris
- The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK
| | - Samer S Habash
- Department of Molecular Phytomedicine, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, Bonn, 53115, Germany
| | - Abdelnaser Elashry
- Department of Molecular Phytomedicine, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, Bonn, 53115, Germany
| | | | - Florian M W Grundler
- Department of Molecular Phytomedicine, Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, University of Bonn, Bonn, 53115, Germany
| | - John T Jones
- The James Hutton Institute, Invergowrie, Dundee, DD2 5DA, UK
- School of Biology, University of St Andrews, North Haugh, St Andrews, KY16 9TZ, UK
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4
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Gutbrod P, Gutbrod K, Nauen R, Elashry A, Siddique S, Benting J, Dörmann P, Grundler FMW. Inhibition of acetyl-CoA carboxylase by spirotetramat causes growth arrest and lipid depletion in nematodes. Sci Rep 2020; 10:12710. [PMID: 32728104 PMCID: PMC7391777 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-69624-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 07/15/2020] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Plant-parasitic nematodes pose a significant threat to agriculture causing annual yield losses worth more than 100 billion US$. Nematode control often involves the use of nematicides, but many of them including non-selective fumigants have been phased out, particularly due to ecotoxicological concerns. Thus new control strategies are urgently needed. Spirotetramat (SPT) is used as phloem-mobile systemic insecticide targeting acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) of pest insects and mites upon foliar application. However, in nematodes the mode of action of SPT and its effect on their development have not been studied so far. Our studies revealed that SPT known to be activated in planta to SPT-enol acts as a developmental inhibitor of the free-living nematode Caenorhabditis elegans and the plant-parasitic nematode Heterodera schachtii. Exposure to SPT-enol leads to larval arrest and disruption of the life cycle. Furthermore, SPT-enol inhibits nematode ACC activity, affects storage lipids and fatty acid composition. Silencing of H. schachtii ACC by RNAi induced similar phenotypes and thus mimics the effects of SPT-enol, supporting the conclusion that SPT-enol acts on nematodes by inhibiting ACC. Our studies demonstrated that the inhibition of de novo lipid biosynthesis by interfering with nematode ACC is a new nematicidal mode of action addressed by SPT, a well-known systemic insecticide for sucking pest control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Gutbrod
- INRES, Molecular Phytomedicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- IMBIO, Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Katharina Gutbrod
- IMBIO, Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Ralf Nauen
- Crop Science Division, Bayer AG, Monheim, Germany
| | - Abdelnaser Elashry
- INRES, Molecular Phytomedicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Strube Research GmbH & Co. KG, Schlansted, Germany
| | - Shahid Siddique
- INRES, Molecular Phytomedicine, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
- Dept. of Entomology and Nematology, UC Davis, Davis, USA
| | | | - Peter Dörmann
- IMBIO, Molecular Physiology and Biotechnology of Plants, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
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Abstract
Summary
This paper presents studies on the life cycle of Heterodera sacchari under in vitro conditions. Pluronic gel was used as a medium for growth of H. sacchari. The life cycle was completed in 7-9 weeks on rice (Oryza sativa, ‘Nipponbare’). After infection, juveniles developed and reached the reproducing adult female stage at 25 days post inoculation (dpi). At 35 dpi, all females produced eggs in various numbers. Some females were translucent and eggs inside could be counted. At 49 dpi females started to tan and developed into dark brown cysts. Hatching of H. sacchari juveniles from cysts could be stimulated by 3 mM ZnCl2 but not by rice root exudates. The in vitro culture of H. sacchari on Pluronic gel can be used efficiently to collect post-infective nematode/host samples at different time points for various studies and to screen different rice cultivars for resistance/susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Somnath S. Pokhare
- 1INRES-Molecular Phytomedicine, Rheinische-Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
- 2Crop Protection, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack 753006, Odisha, India
| | - Samer S. Habash
- 1INRES-Molecular Phytomedicine, Rheinische-Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - John T. Jones
- 3Cell and Molecular Sciences Group, Dundee Effector Consortium, James Hutton Institute, Dundee DD2 5DA, UK
| | - Abdelnaser Elashry
- 1INRES-Molecular Phytomedicine, Rheinische-Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Florian M.W. Grundler
- 1INRES-Molecular Phytomedicine, Rheinische-Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Bonn, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
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6
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Pariyar SR, Nakarmi J, Anwer MA, Siddique S, Ilyas M, Elashry A, Dababat AA, Leon J, Grundler FM. Amino acid permease 6 modulates host response to cyst nematodes in wheat and Arabidopsis. NEMATOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1163/15685411-00003172] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Summary
Cyst nematodes are plant parasites that cause significant crop loss in wheat and other crops. Infective juveniles invade roots and induce syncytial feeding structures as the only source of nutrients throughout their life. A previous genome-wide association study in wheat identified amino acid permease 6 (TaAAP6) to be linked to susceptibility to the cereal cyst nematode Heterodera filipjevi. To characterise the role of AAP6 during nematode parasitism, we analysed the expression of TaAAP6 and the Arabidopsis orthologue AtAAP6. TaAAP6 was found to be highly expressed in nematode-infected roots of susceptible wheat, whereas it was not upregulated in nematode-infected roots of resistant accessions. AtAAP6 was also found to be highly upregulated in nematode-induced syncytia compared with non-infected roots. Infection assays with an AtAAP6 knock-out mutant revealed reduction in developing females, female size, and size of female-associated syncytia, thus indicating the importance of AAP6 in cyst nematode parasitism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shree R. Pariyar
- 1Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert-Kreiten Strasse 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Jenish Nakarmi
- 1Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert-Kreiten Strasse 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Muhammad Arslan Anwer
- 1Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert-Kreiten Strasse 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Shahid Siddique
- 1Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert-Kreiten Strasse 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Muhammad Ilyas
- 1Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert-Kreiten Strasse 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Abdelnaser Elashry
- 1Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert-Kreiten Strasse 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Abdelfattah A. Dababat
- 2International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), P.K. 39 06511, Emek, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Jens Leon
- 3Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Plant Breeding, Katzenburgweg 5, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Florian M.W. Grundler
- 1Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert-Kreiten Strasse 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
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7
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Habash SS, Sobczak M, Siddique S, Voigt B, Elashry A, Grundler FMW. Identification and characterization of a putative protein disulfide isomerase (HsPDI) as an alleged effector of Heterodera schachtii. Sci Rep 2017; 7:13536. [PMID: 29051538 PMCID: PMC5648851 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-13418-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2017] [Accepted: 09/21/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The plant-parasitic nematode Heterodera schachtii is an obligate biotroph that induces syncytial feeding sites in roots of its hosts. Nematodes produce effectors that are secreted into the host and facilitate infection process. Here we identified H. schachtii protein disulphide isomerase (HsPDI) as a putative effector that interferes with the host’s redox status. In situ hybridization showed that HsPdi is specifically localized within esophageal glands of pre-parasitic second stage juveniles (J2). HsPdi is up-regulated in the early parasitic J2s. Silencing of HsPdi by RNA interference in the J2s hampers their development and leads to structural malfunctions in associated feeding sites induced in Arabidopsis roots. Expression of HsPDI in Arabidopsis increases plant’s susceptibility towards H. schachtii. HsPdi expression is up-regulated in the presence of exogenous H2O2, whereas HsPdi silencing results in increased mortality under H2O2 stress. Stable expression of HsPDI in Arabidopsis plants decreases ROS burst induced by flg22. Transiently expressed HsPDI in N. benthamiana leaves is localized in the apoplast. HsPDI plays an important role in the interaction between nematode and plant, probably through inducing local changes in the redox status of infected host tissue. It also contributes to protect the nematode from exogenous H2O2 stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samer S Habash
- Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Bonn, INRES - Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Straße 13, D-53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Miroslaw Sobczak
- Department of Botany, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, PL-02787, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Shahid Siddique
- Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Bonn, INRES - Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Straße 13, D-53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Boris Voigt
- Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Bonn, Department of Plant Cell Biology, Institute of Cellular and Molecular Botany, Kirschallee 1, D-53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Abdelnaser Elashry
- Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Bonn, INRES - Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Straße 13, D-53115, Bonn, Germany.,Strube Research GmbH & Co. KG, Hauptstraße 1, 38387, Söllingen, Germany
| | - Florian M W Grundler
- Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Bonn, INRES - Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Straße 13, D-53115, Bonn, Germany.
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Gleason C, Polzin F, Habash SS, Zhang L, Utermark J, Grundler FMW, Elashry A. Identification of Two Meloidogyne hapla Genes and an Investigation of Their Roles in the Plant-Nematode Interaction. Mol Plant Microbe Interact 2017; 30:101-112. [PMID: 28301312 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-06-16-0107-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Root-knot nematodes are soil-borne pathogens that invade and establish feeding sites in plant roots. They have an extremely broad host range, including most vascular plants. During infection of a susceptible host, root-knot nematodes secrete molecules called effectors that help them establish an intimate interaction with the plant and, at the same time, allow them to evade or suppress plant immune responses. Despite the fact that Meloidogyne hapla is a significant pest on several food crops, no effectors have been characterized from this root-knot nematode species thus far. Using the published genome and proteome from M. hapla, we have identified and characterized two genes, MhTTL2 and Mh265. MhTTL2 encodes a predicted secreted protein containing a transthyretin-like protein domain. The expression of MhTTL2 was up-regulated during parasitic life stages of the nematode, and in situ hybridization showed that MhTTL2 was expressed in the amphids, suggesting it has a role in the nematode nervous system during parasitism. We also studied the gene Mh265. The Mh265 transcript was localized to the subventral esophageal glands. An upregulation in Mh265 expression coincided with the pre- and early-parasitic life stages of the nematode. When Mh265 was constitutively expressed in plants, it enhanced their susceptibility to nematodes. These transgenic plants were also compromised in flg22-induced callose deposition, suggesting the Mh265 is modulating plant basal immune responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cynthia Gleason
- 1 Georg August University, Albrecht von Haller Institute for Plant Sciences, Dept. of Molecular Biology and Physiology of Plants, Julia-Lermontowa-Weg 3, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- 2 Georg August University, Göttingen Center for Molecular Biosciences (GZMB), Dept. of Molecular Biology and Physiology of Plants, Julia-Lermontowa-Weg 3, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
- 4 Washington State University, Plant Pathology Department, Pullman, WA 99164 U.S.A
| | - Frederik Polzin
- 1 Georg August University, Albrecht von Haller Institute for Plant Sciences, Dept. of Molecular Biology and Physiology of Plants, Julia-Lermontowa-Weg 3, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Samer S Habash
- 3 University of Bonn, INRES Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert-Kreiten str. 13, 53115 Bonn, Germany and Agricultural Research Centre, Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute, 9 Gamaa st., Giza 12619, Egypt; and
| | - Lei Zhang
- 4 Washington State University, Plant Pathology Department, Pullman, WA 99164 U.S.A
| | - Jan Utermark
- 1 Georg August University, Albrecht von Haller Institute for Plant Sciences, Dept. of Molecular Biology and Physiology of Plants, Julia-Lermontowa-Weg 3, 37077 Göttingen, Germany
| | - Florian M W Grundler
- 3 University of Bonn, INRES Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert-Kreiten str. 13, 53115 Bonn, Germany and Agricultural Research Centre, Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute, 9 Gamaa st., Giza 12619, Egypt; and
| | - Abdelnaser Elashry
- 3 University of Bonn, INRES Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert-Kreiten str. 13, 53115 Bonn, Germany and Agricultural Research Centre, Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute, 9 Gamaa st., Giza 12619, Egypt; and
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9
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Pariyar SR, Dababat AA, Sannemann W, Erginbas-Orakci G, Elashry A, Siddique S, Morgounov A, Leon J, Grundler FMW. Genome-Wide Association Study in Wheat Identifies Resistance to the Cereal Cyst Nematode Heterodera filipjevi. Phytopathology 2016; 106:1128-1138. [PMID: 27552283 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-02-16-0054-fi] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The cyst nematode Heterodera filipjevi is a plant parasite causing substantial yield loss in wheat. Resistant cultivars are the preferred method of controlling cyst nematodes. Association mapping is a powerful approach to detect associations between phenotypic variation and genetic polymorphisms; in this way favorable traits such as resistance to pathogens can be located. Therefore, a genome-wide association study of 161 winter wheat accessions was performed with a 90K iSelect single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) chip. Population structure analysis grouped into two major subgroups and first principal component accounted 6.16% for phenotypic diversity. The genome-wide linkage disequilibrium across wheat was 3 cM. Eleven quantitative trait loci (QTLs) on chromosomes 1AL, 2AS, 2BL, 3AL, 3BL, 4AS, 4AL, 5BL, and 7BL were identified using a mixed linear model false discovery rate of P < 0.01 that explained 43% of total genetic variation. This is the first report of QTLs conferring resistance to H. filipjevi in wheat. Eight QTLs on chromosomes 1AL, 2AS, 2BL, 3AL, 4AL, and 5BL were linked to putative genes known to be involved in plant-pathogen interactions. Two other QTLs on 3BL and one QTL on 7BL linked to putative genes known to be involved in abiotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shree R Pariyar
- First, fifth, sixth, and ninth authors: Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert-Kreiten Strasse 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany; second, fourth, and seventh authors: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), P.K. 39 06511, Emek, Ankara, Turkey; third and eighth authors: Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Plant Breeding, Katzenburgweg; and fifth author: Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Agricultural genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), 9 Gama Street, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Abdelfattah A Dababat
- First, fifth, sixth, and ninth authors: Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert-Kreiten Strasse 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany; second, fourth, and seventh authors: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), P.K. 39 06511, Emek, Ankara, Turkey; third and eighth authors: Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Plant Breeding, Katzenburgweg; and fifth author: Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Agricultural genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), 9 Gama Street, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Wiebke Sannemann
- First, fifth, sixth, and ninth authors: Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert-Kreiten Strasse 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany; second, fourth, and seventh authors: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), P.K. 39 06511, Emek, Ankara, Turkey; third and eighth authors: Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Plant Breeding, Katzenburgweg; and fifth author: Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Agricultural genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), 9 Gama Street, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Gul Erginbas-Orakci
- First, fifth, sixth, and ninth authors: Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert-Kreiten Strasse 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany; second, fourth, and seventh authors: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), P.K. 39 06511, Emek, Ankara, Turkey; third and eighth authors: Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Plant Breeding, Katzenburgweg; and fifth author: Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Agricultural genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), 9 Gama Street, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Abdelnaser Elashry
- First, fifth, sixth, and ninth authors: Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert-Kreiten Strasse 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany; second, fourth, and seventh authors: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), P.K. 39 06511, Emek, Ankara, Turkey; third and eighth authors: Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Plant Breeding, Katzenburgweg; and fifth author: Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Agricultural genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), 9 Gama Street, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Shahid Siddique
- First, fifth, sixth, and ninth authors: Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert-Kreiten Strasse 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany; second, fourth, and seventh authors: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), P.K. 39 06511, Emek, Ankara, Turkey; third and eighth authors: Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Plant Breeding, Katzenburgweg; and fifth author: Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Agricultural genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), 9 Gama Street, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Alexei Morgounov
- First, fifth, sixth, and ninth authors: Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert-Kreiten Strasse 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany; second, fourth, and seventh authors: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), P.K. 39 06511, Emek, Ankara, Turkey; third and eighth authors: Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Plant Breeding, Katzenburgweg; and fifth author: Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Agricultural genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), 9 Gama Street, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Jens Leon
- First, fifth, sixth, and ninth authors: Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert-Kreiten Strasse 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany; second, fourth, and seventh authors: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), P.K. 39 06511, Emek, Ankara, Turkey; third and eighth authors: Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Plant Breeding, Katzenburgweg; and fifth author: Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Agricultural genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), 9 Gama Street, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Florian M W Grundler
- First, fifth, sixth, and ninth authors: Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert-Kreiten Strasse 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany; second, fourth, and seventh authors: International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), P.K. 39 06511, Emek, Ankara, Turkey; third and eighth authors: Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Plant Breeding, Katzenburgweg; and fifth author: Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Agricultural genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGERI), 9 Gama Street, Giza 12619, Egypt
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10
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Pariyar SR, Dababat AA, Siddique S, Erginbas-Orakci G, Elashry A, Morgounov A, Grundler FM. Identification and characterisation of resistance to the cereal cyst nematode Heterodera filipjevi in winter wheat. NEMATOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1163/15685411-00002964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to search for new sources of resistance against the cereal cyst nematode,Heterodera filipjevi, in a collection of 290 wheat accessions. The plants were inoculated with juveniles and assessed for the number of females and cysts. One percent of the wheat accessions were ranked as resistant, 16% as moderately resistant, 41% as moderately susceptible, 26% as susceptible and 15% as highly susceptible. The infection rate and the number of females and cysts per plant were significantly lower in the resistant accession Nudakota and three moderately resistant accessions Ekonomka, Katea and Lantian 12 compared with susceptible cv. Bezostaya 1. Nematode development was reduced in resistant and moderately resistant accessions. The size of females and the total number of eggs and second-stage juveniles were reduced only in Ekonomka. No significant difference in plant height, plant weight, root length, root weight and root volume were recorded for inoculated plants compared to non-inoculated plants. This study has identified four resistant wheat accessions offering new material for breeding the resistance toH. filipjevi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shree R. Pariyar
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Straße 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Abdelfattah A. Dababat
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), 39 06511 Emek, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Shahid Siddique
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Straße 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Gul Erginbas-Orakci
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), 39 06511 Emek, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Abdelnaser Elashry
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Straße 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
- Agricultural Research Center (ARC), Agricultural Genetic Engineering Research Institute (AGER), 9 Gamaa Street, Giza 12619, Egypt
| | - Alexei Morgounov
- International Maize and Wheat Improvement Centre (CIMMYT), 39 06511 Emek, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Florian M.W. Grundler
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation (INRES), Molecular Phytomedicine, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Straße 13, D-53115 Bonn, Germany
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11
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Wieczorek K, Elashry A, Quentin M, Grundler FMW, Favery B, Seifert GJ, Bohlmann H. A distinct role of pectate lyases in the formation of feeding structures induced by cyst and root-knot nematodes. Mol Plant Microbe Interact 2014; 27:901-12. [PMID: 24905398 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-01-14-0005-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Pectin in the primary plant cell wall is thought to be responsible for its porosity, charge density, and microfibril spacing and is the main component of the middle lamella. Plant-parasitic nematodes secrete cell wall-degrading enzymes that macerate the plant tissue, facilitating the penetration and migration within the roots. In sedentary endoparasitic nematodes, these enzymes are released only during the migration of infective juveniles through the root. Later, nematodes manipulate the expression of host plant genes, including various cell wall enzymes, in order to induce specific feeding sites. In this study, we investigated expression of two Arabidopsis pectate lyase-like genes (PLL), PLL18 (At3g27400) and PLL19 (At4g24780), together with pectic epitopes with different degrees of methylesterification in both syncytia induced by the cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii and giant cells induced by the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. We confirmed upregulation of PLL18 and PLL19 in both types of feeding sites with quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and in situ RT-PCR. Furthermore, the functional analysis of mutants demonstrated the important role of both PLL genes in the development and maintenance of syncytia but not giant cells. Our results show that both enzymes play distinct roles in different infected root tissues as well as during parasitism of different nematodes.
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12
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Elashry A, Okumoto S, Siddique S, Koch W, Kreil DP, Bohlmann H. The AAP gene family for amino acid permeases contributes to development of the cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii in roots of Arabidopsis. Plant Physiol Biochem 2013; 70:379-86. [PMID: 23831821 PMCID: PMC3737465 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2013.05.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2012] [Accepted: 05/09/2013] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
The beet cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii is able to infect Arabidopsis plants and induce feeding sites in the root. These syncytia are the only source of nutrients for the nematodes throughout their life and are a nutrient sink for the host plant. We have studied here the role of amino acid transporters for nematode development. Arabidopsis contains a large number of different amino acid transporters in several gene families but those of the AAP family were found to be especially expressed in syncytia. Arabidopsis contains 8 AAP genes and they were all strongly expressed in syncytia with the exception of AAP5 and AAP7, which were slightly downregulated. We used promoter::GUS lines and in situ RT-PCR to confirm the expression of several AAP genes and LHT1, a lysine- and histidine-specific amino acid transporter, in syncytia. The strong expression of AAP genes in syncytia indicated that these transporters are important for the transport of amino acids into syncytia and we used T-DNA mutants for several AAP genes to test for their influence on nematode development. We found that mutants of AAP1, AAP2, and AAP8 significantly reduced the number of female nematodes developing on these plants. Our study showed that amino acid transport into syncytia is important for the development of the nematodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdelnaser Elashry
- Division of Plant Protection, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna. UFT Tulln, Konrad Lorenz Str. 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Sakiko Okumoto
- Department of Plant Pathology, Physiology, and Weed Science, 549 Latham Hall (0390), Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA 24061, USA
| | - Shahid Siddique
- Division of Plant Protection, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna. UFT Tulln, Konrad Lorenz Str. 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Wolfgang Koch
- KWS SAAT AG, Grimsehlstrasse 31, 37574 Einbeck, Germany
| | - David P. Kreil
- Chair of Bioinformatics, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, UK
| | - Holger Bohlmann
- Division of Plant Protection, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna. UFT Tulln, Konrad Lorenz Str. 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +43 1 47654 3360; fax: +43 1 47654 3359.
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13
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Ali MA, Plattner S, Radakovic Z, Wieczorek K, Elashry A, Grundler FMW, Ammelburg M, Siddique S, Bohlmann H. An Arabidopsis ATPase gene involved in nematode-induced syncytium development and abiotic stress responses. Plant J 2013; 74:852-66. [PMID: 23480402 PMCID: PMC3712482 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Revised: 02/08/2013] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The beet cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii induces syncytia in the roots of Arabidopsis thaliana, which are its only nutrient source. One gene, At1g64110, that is strongly up-regulated in syncytia as shown by RT-PCR, quantitative RT-PCR, in situ RT-PCR and promoter::GUS lines, encodes an AAA+-type ATPase. Expression of two related genes in syncytia, At4g28000 and At5g52882, was not detected or not different from control root segments. Using amiRNA lines and T-DNA mutants, we show that At1g64110 is important for syncytium and nematode development. At1g64110 was also inducible by wounding, jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, heat and cold, as well as drought, sodium chloride, abscisic acid and mannitol, indicating involvement of this gene in abiotic stress responses. We confirmed this using two T-DNA mutants that were more sensitive to abscisic acid and sodium chloride during seed germination and root growth. These mutants also developed significantly smaller roots in response to abscisic acid and sodium chloride. An in silico analysis showed that ATPase At1g64110 (and also At4g28000 and At5g52882) belong to the 'meiotic clade' of AAA proteins that includes proteins such as Vps4, katanin, spastin and MSP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Amjad Ali
- Division of Plant Protection, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Universitäts- und Forschungszentrum TullnKonrad Lorenz Straße 24, Tulln, 3430, Austria
| | - Stephan Plattner
- Division of Plant Protection, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Universitäts- und Forschungszentrum TullnKonrad Lorenz Straße 24, Tulln, 3430, Austria
| | - Zoran Radakovic
- Department of Molecular Phytomedicine, Institut für Nutzpflanzenwissenschaften und Ressourcenschutz, University of BonnBonn, 53115, Germany
| | - Krzysztof Wieczorek
- Division of Plant Protection, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Universitäts- und Forschungszentrum TullnKonrad Lorenz Straße 24, Tulln, 3430, Austria
| | - Abdelnaser Elashry
- Division of Plant Protection, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Universitäts- und Forschungszentrum TullnKonrad Lorenz Straße 24, Tulln, 3430, Austria
- Department of Molecular Phytomedicine, Institut für Nutzpflanzenwissenschaften und Ressourcenschutz, University of BonnBonn, 53115, Germany
| | - Florian MW Grundler
- Department of Molecular Phytomedicine, Institut für Nutzpflanzenwissenschaften und Ressourcenschutz, University of BonnBonn, 53115, Germany
| | - Moritz Ammelburg
- Department 1, Protein Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Developmental BiologySpemannstraße 35, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Shahid Siddique
- Division of Plant Protection, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Universitäts- und Forschungszentrum TullnKonrad Lorenz Straße 24, Tulln, 3430, Austria
- Department of Molecular Phytomedicine, Institut für Nutzpflanzenwissenschaften und Ressourcenschutz, University of BonnBonn, 53115, Germany
| | - Holger Bohlmann
- Division of Plant Protection, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Universitäts- und Forschungszentrum TullnKonrad Lorenz Straße 24, Tulln, 3430, Austria
- *For correspondence (e-mail )
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14
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Altincicek B, Elashry A, Guz N, Grundler FMW, Vilcinskas A, Dehne HW. Next generation sequencing based transcriptome analysis of septic-injury responsive genes in the beetle Tribolium castaneum. PLoS One 2013; 8:e52004. [PMID: 23326321 PMCID: PMC3541394 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0052004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2012] [Accepted: 11/07/2012] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Beetles (Coleoptera) are the most diverse animal group on earth and interact with numerous symbiotic or pathogenic microbes in their environments. The red flour beetle Tribolium castaneum is a genetically tractable model beetle species and its whole genome sequence has recently been determined. To advance our understanding of the molecular basis of beetle immunity here we analyzed the whole transcriptome of T. castaneum by high-throughput next generation sequencing technology. Here, we demonstrate that the Illumina/Solexa sequencing approach of cDNA samples from T. castaneum including over 9.7 million reads with 72 base pairs (bp) length (approximately 700 million bp sequence information with about 30× transcriptome coverage) confirms the expression of most predicted genes and enabled subsequent qualitative and quantitative transcriptome analysis. This approach recapitulates our recent quantitative real-time PCR studies of immune-challenged and naïve T. castaneum beetles, validating our approach. Furthermore, this sequencing analysis resulted in the identification of 73 differentially expressed genes upon immune-challenge with statistical significance by comparing expression data to calculated values derived by fitting to generalized linear models. We identified up regulation of diverse immune-related genes (e.g. Toll receptor, serine proteinases, DOPA decarboxylase and thaumatin) and of numerous genes encoding proteins with yet unknown functions. Of note, septic-injury resulted also in the elevated expression of genes encoding heat-shock proteins or cytochrome P450s supporting the view that there is crosstalk between immune and stress responses in T. castaneum. The present study provides a first comprehensive overview of septic-injury responsive genes in T. castaneum beetles. Identified genes advance our understanding of T. castaneum specific gene expression alteration upon immune-challenge in particular and may help to understand beetle immunity in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boran Altincicek
- Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-University of Bonn, INRES-Phytomedicine, Nussallee 9, Bonn, Germany.
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15
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Tan TL, Elashry A, Tischner I, Jolaoso A. Lightning does strike twice: recurrent ipsilateral tubal pregnancy following partial salpingectomy for ectopic pregnancy. J OBSTET GYNAECOL 2007; 27:534-5. [PMID: 17701816 DOI: 10.1080/01443610701467606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T L Tan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK.
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