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Opitz MW, Díaz-Manzano FE, Ruiz-Ferrer V, Daneshkhah R, Ludwig R, Lorenz C, Escobar C, Steinkellner S, Wieczorek K. The other side of the coin: systemic effects of Serendipita indica root colonization on development of sedentary plant-parasitic nematodes in Arabidopsis thaliana. Planta 2024; 259:121. [PMID: 38615288 PMCID: PMC11016515 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-024-04402-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/15/2024]
Abstract
MAIN CONCLUSION Upon systemic S. indica colonization in split-root system cyst and root-knot nematodes benefit from endophyte-triggered carbon allocation and altered defense responses what significantly facilitates their development in A. thaliana. Serendipita indica is an endophytic fungus that establishes mutualistic relationships with different plants including Arabidopsis thaliana. It enhances host's growth and resistance to different abiotic and biotic stresses such as infestation by the cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii (CN). In this work, we show that S. indica also triggers similar direct reduction in development of the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica (RKN) in A. thaliana. Further, to mimick the natural situation occurring frequently in soil where roots are unequally colonized by endophytes we used an in vitro split-root system with one half of A. thaliana root inoculated with S. indica and the other half infected with CN or RKN, respectively. Interestingly, in contrast to direct effects, systemic effects led to an increase in number of both nematodes. To elucidate this phenomenon, we focused on sugar metabolism and defense responses in systemic non-colonized roots of plants colonized by S. indica. We analyzed the expression of several SUSs and INVs as well as defense-related genes and measured sugar pools. The results show a significant downregulation of PDF1.2 as well as slightly increased sucrose levels in the non-colonized half of the root in three-chamber dish. Thus, we speculate that, in contrast to direct effects, both nematode species benefit from endophyte-triggered carbon allocation and altered defense responses in the systemic part of the root, which promotes their development. With this work, we highlight the complexity of this multilayered tripartite relationship and deliver new insights into sugar metabolism and plant defense responses during S. indica-nematode-plant interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W Opitz
- Department of Crop Sciences, Institute of Plant Protection, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Tulln an der Donau, Austria
| | - Fernando Evaristo Díaz-Manzano
- Área de Fisiología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
| | - Virginia Ruiz-Ferrer
- Área de Fisiología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
| | - Roshanak Daneshkhah
- Department of Crop Sciences, Institute of Plant Protection, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Tulln an der Donau, Austria
| | - Roland Ludwig
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Institute of Food Technology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Cindy Lorenz
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Institute of Food Technology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Carolina Escobar
- Área de Fisiología Vegetal, Facultad de Ciencias Ambientales y Bioquímica, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Toledo, Spain
| | - Siegrid Steinkellner
- Department of Crop Sciences, Institute of Plant Protection, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Tulln an der Donau, Austria
| | - Krzysztof Wieczorek
- Department of Crop Sciences, Institute of Plant Protection, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Tulln an der Donau, Austria.
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2
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Moradi A, Austerlitz T, Dahlin P, Robert CA, Maurer C, Steinauer K, van Doan C, Himmighofen PA, Wieczorek K, Künzler M, Mauch F. Marasmius oreades agglutinin enhances resistance of Arabidopsis against plant-parasitic nematodes and a herbivorous insect. BMC Plant Biol 2021; 21:402. [PMID: 34470613 PMCID: PMC8408931 DOI: 10.1186/s12870-021-03186-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plant-parasitic nematodes and herbivorous insects have a significant negative impact on global crop production. A successful approach to protect crops from these pests is the in planta expression of nematotoxic or entomotoxic proteins such as crystal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) or plant lectins. However, the efficacy of this approach is threatened by emergence of resistance in nematode and insect populations to these proteins. To solve this problem, novel nematotoxic and entomotoxic proteins are needed. During the last two decades, several cytoplasmic lectins from mushrooms with nematicidal and insecticidal activity have been characterized. In this study, we tested the potential of Marasmius oreades agglutinin (MOA) to furnish Arabidopsis plants with resistance towards three economically important crop pests: the two plant-parasitic nematodes Heterodera schachtii and Meloidogyne incognita and the herbivorous diamondback moth Plutella xylostella. RESULTS The expression of MOA does not affect plant growth under axenic conditions which is an essential parameter in the engineering of genetically modified crops. The transgenic Arabidopsis lines showed nearly complete resistance to H. schachtii, in that the number of female and male nematodes per cm root was reduced by 86-91 % and 43-93 % compared to WT, respectively. M. incognita proved to be less susceptible to the MOA protein in that 18-25 % and 26-35 % less galls and nematode egg masses, respectively, were observed in the transgenic lines. Larvae of the herbivorous P. xylostella foraging on MOA-expression lines showed a lower relative mass gain (22-38 %) and survival rate (15-24 %) than those feeding on WT plants. CONCLUSIONS The results of our in planta experiments reveal a robust nematicidal and insecticidal activity of the fungal lectin MOA against important agricultural pests which may be exploited for crop protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aboubakr Moradi
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland.
| | - Tina Austerlitz
- Institute of Plant Protection, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Paul Dahlin
- Agroscope, Research Division, Plant Protection, Phytopathology and Zoology in Fruit and Vegetable Production, Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Christelle Am Robert
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Oeschger Center for Climate Change Research, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Corina Maurer
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Katja Steinauer
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Cong van Doan
- Institute of Plant Sciences, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | | | - Krzysztof Wieczorek
- Institute of Plant Protection, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Künzler
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
| | - Felix Mauch
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
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3
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Moradi A, El-Shetehy M, Gamir J, Austerlitz T, Dahlin P, Wieczorek K, Künzler M, Mauch F. Expression of a Fungal Lectin in Arabidopsis Enhances Plant Growth and Resistance Toward Microbial Pathogens and a Plant-Parasitic Nematode. Front Plant Sci 2021; 12:657451. [PMID: 33897746 PMCID: PMC8063123 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.657451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Accepted: 03/12/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Coprinopsis cinerea lectin 2 (CCL2) is a fucoside-binding lectin from the basidiomycete C. cinerea that is toxic to the bacterivorous nematode Caenorhabditis elegans as well as animal-parasitic and fungivorous nematodes. We expressed CCL2 in Arabidopsis to assess its protective potential toward plant-parasitic nematodes. Our results demonstrate that expression of CCL2 enhances host resistance against the cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii. Surprisingly, CCL2-expressing plants were also more resistant to fungal pathogens including Botrytis cinerea, and the phytopathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas syringae. In addition, CCL2 expression positively affected plant growth indicating that CCL2 has the potential to improve two important agricultural parameters namely biomass production and general disease resistance. The mechanism of the CCL2-mediated enhancement of plant disease resistance depended on fucoside-binding by CCL2 as transgenic plants expressing a mutant version of CCL2 (Y92A), compromised in fucoside-binding, exhibited wild type (WT) disease susceptibility. The protective effect of CCL2 did not seem to be direct as the lectin showed no growth-inhibition toward B. cinerea in in vitro assays. We detected, however, a significantly enhanced transcriptional induction of plant defense genes in CCL2- but not CCL2-Y92A-expressing lines in response to infection with B. cinerea compared to WT plants. This study demonstrates a potential of fungal defense lectins in plant protection beyond their use as toxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aboubakr Moradi
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
| | - Mohamed El-Shetehy
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt
| | - Jordi Gamir
- Department Ciències Agràries i del Medi Natural (ESTCE), Universitat Jaume I, Castellón de la Plana, Spain
| | - Tina Austerlitz
- Division of Plant Protection, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Paul Dahlin
- Agroscope, Research Division, Plant Protection, Phytopathology and Zoology in Fruit and Vegetable Production, Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Krzysztof Wieczorek
- Division of Plant Protection, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Markus Künzler
- Institute of Microbiology, Department of Biology, ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Felix Mauch
- Department of Biology, University of Fribourg, Fribourg, Switzerland
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4
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Opitz MW, Daneshkhah R, Lorenz C, Ludwig R, Steinkellner S, Wieczorek K. Serendipita indica changes host sugar and defense status in Arabidopsis thaliana: cooperation or exploitation? Planta 2021; 253:74. [PMID: 33620564 PMCID: PMC7902589 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-021-03587-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Manipulation of sugar metabolism upon S. indica root colonization triggers changes in sugar pools and defense responses in A. thaliana. Serendipita indica is an endophytic fungus that establishes mutualistic relationships with many different plants including important crops as well as the model plant A. thaliana. Successful root colonization typically results in growth promotion and enhanced tolerance against various biotic and abiotic stresses. The fungus delivers phosphorus to the host and receives in exchange carbohydrates. There are hints that S. indica prefers hexoses, glucose, and fructose, products of saccharose cleavage driven by invertases (INVs) and sucrose synthases (SUSs). Carbohydrate metabolism in this interaction, however, remains still widely unexplored. Therefore, in this work, the sugar pools as well as the expression of SUSs and cytosolic INVs in plants colonized by S. indica were analyzed. Using sus1/2/3/4 and cinv1/2 mutants the importance of these genes for the induction of growth promotion and proper root colonization was demonstrated. Furthermore, the expression of several defense-related marker genes in both multiple mutants in comparison to the wild-type plants was determined. Our results show that in colonized A. thaliana plants S. indica manipulates the sugar metabolism by altering the expression of host's INV and SUS and modulates both the sugar pools and plant defense in its favor. We conclude that the interaction A. thaliana-S. indica is a balancing act between cooperation and exploitation, in which sugar metabolism plays a crucial role. Small changes in this mechanism can lead to severe disruption resulting in the lack of growth promotion or altered colonization rate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W Opitz
- Department of Crop Sciences, Institute of Plant Protection, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Tulln an der Donau, Austria
| | - Roshanak Daneshkhah
- Department of Crop Sciences, Institute of Plant Protection, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Tulln an der Donau, Austria
| | - Cindy Lorenz
- Department of Food Sciences and Technology, Institute of Food Technology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Roland Ludwig
- Department of Food Sciences and Technology, Institute of Food Technology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Siegrid Steinkellner
- Department of Crop Sciences, Institute of Plant Protection, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Tulln an der Donau, Austria
| | - Krzysztof Wieczorek
- Department of Crop Sciences, Institute of Plant Protection, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Tulln an der Donau, Austria.
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5
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Kanturski M, Świątek P, Trela J, Borowiak-Sobkowiak B, Wieczorek K. Micromorphology of the model species pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum (Hemiptera, Aphididae) with special emphasis on the sensilla structure. The European Zoological Journal 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/24750263.2020.1779827] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- M. Kanturski
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - P. Świątek
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - J. Trela
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
| | - B. Borowiak-Sobkowiak
- Department of Entomology and Environmental Protection, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - K. Wieczorek
- Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Silesia in Katowice, Katowice, Poland
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Silbernagel K, Jechorek R, Carver C, Barbour WM, Mrozinski P, Albert A, Andaloro B, Anderson G, Beacorn F, Brooks R, Carson M, Crossfield D, Eliasberg S, Farmer D, Frantzeskakis C, Gasses T, Gatesy T, Hall G, Hanson P, Heddaeus K, Hermann K, Hutchins J, Jenkins J, Johnson F, Johnson J, Kawalek M, Kelly L, Koschmann C, Lannon P, Lester D, Manner K, Martin J, Maselli M, McGovern B, Mohnke F, Moon B, Murray L, Pace R, Richards J, Robeson S, Rodgers D, Rosario G, Saunders C, Shaw C, Dana Shell J, Sloan E, Thompson S, Vialpando M, Voermans R, Watts K, Wieczorek K, Wilson K, Yeh H, Zamora D. Evaluation of the BAX® System for Detection of Salmonella in Selected Foods: Collaborative Study. J AOAC Int 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/jaoac/86.6.1149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
A multilaboratory study was conducted to compare the automated BAX® System to the standard cultural methods for detection of Salmonella in selected foods. Five food types—frankfurters, raw ground beef, mozzarella cheese, raw frozen tilapia fish, and orange juice—at 3 inoculation levels, were analyzed by each method. A sixth food type, raw ground chicken, was tested using 3 naturally contaminated lots. A total of 16 laboratories representing government and industry participated. In this study, 1386 samples were analyzed, of which 1188 were paired samples and 198 were unpaired samples. Of the 1188 paired samples, 461 were positive by both methods and 404 were negative by both methods. Thirty-seven samples were positive by the BAX System but negative by the standard reference method, and 11 samples were positive by standard cultural method and negative by the BAX System. Of the 198 unpaired samples, 106 were positive by the BAX System and 60 were positive by the standard cultural method. A Chi square analysis of each of the 6 food types, at the 3 inoculation levels tested, was performed. For all foods, the BAX System demonstrated results comparable to those of the standard reference methods based on the Chi square results.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Charles Carver
- rtech laboratories, PO Box 64101, St. Paul, MN 55164-0101
| | - W Mark Barbour
- DuPont Qualicon, 3531 Silverside Rd, Bedford Building, Wilmington, DE 19810
| | - Peter Mrozinski
- DuPont Qualicon, 3531 Silverside Rd, Bedford Building, Wilmington, DE 19810
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7
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Abstract
The endophytic fungi Serendipita indica and S. vermifera have recently gained increasing attention due to their beneficial effects on plant growth and plant health. Little is known about other species, such as S. williamsii and S. herbamans. To test their biocontrol and growth-promoting potential, susceptible and tolerant tomato cultivars (Kremser Perle and Micro-Tom, respectively) were inoculated with S. williamsii, S. herbamans, S. indica, or S. vermifera and challenged with the soilborne pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici (Fol) in greenhouse experiments. Furthermore, in vitro assays on the direct inhibitory effects of Serendipita spp. against Fol were performed. Negative effects of Fol on phenological growth in the susceptible cultivar were alleviated by all four applied Serendipita spp. Apart from these similar effects on biometric parameters, disease incidence was only reduced by S. herbamans and S. vermifera. In the tolerant cultivar, disease parameters remained unaffected although shoot dry mass was negatively affected by S. vermifera. Direct effects of Serendipita spp. against Fol were not evident in the in vitro assays indicating an indirect effect via the host plant. Our results highlight the importance of identifying cultivar-specific effects in pathogen–endophyte–plant interactions to determine the most beneficial combinations.
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8
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Daneshkhah R, Grundler FMW, Wieczorek K. The Role of MPK6 as Mediator of Ethylene/Jasmonic Acid Signaling in Serendipita indica-Colonized Arabidopsis Roots. Plant Mol Biol Report 2018; 36:284-294. [PMID: 29875545 PMCID: PMC5966479 DOI: 10.1007/s11105-018-1077-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Serendipita indica is an axenically cultivable fungus, which colonizes a broad range of plant species including the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Root colonization by this endophyte leads to enhanced plant fitness and performance and promotes resistance against different biotic and abiotic stresses. The involvement of MPK6 in this mutualistic interaction had been previously shown with an mpk6 A. thaliana mutant, which failed to respond to S. indica colonization. Here, we demonstrate that mpk6 roots are significantly less colonized by S. indica compared to wild-type roots and the foliar application of plant hormones, ethylene, or jasmonic acid, restores the colonization rate at least to the wild-type level. Further, hormone-treated mpk6 plants show typical S. indica-induced growth promotion effects. Moreover, expression levels of several genes related to plant defense and hormone signaling are significantly changed at different colonization phases. Our results demonstrate that the successful root colonization by S. indica depends on efficient suppression of plant immune responses. In A. thaliana, this process relies on intact hormone signaling in which MPK6 seems to play a pivotal role.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Daneshkhah
- Division of Plant Protection, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 24, 3430 Tulln on the Danube, Austria
| | - F. M. W. Grundler
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Molecular Phytomedicine, University Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Str. 13, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Krzysztof Wieczorek
- Division of Plant Protection, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 24, 3430 Tulln on the Danube, Austria
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9
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Bonekamp D, Bonekamp D, Hadaschik B, Wiesenfarth M, Wieczorek K, Götz M, Schlemmer H, Maier-Hein K. Vergleich von Radiomics, quantitativen ADC Messungen und PI-RADS zur Detektion des signifikanten Prostatakarzinoms. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1600459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- D Bonekamp
- Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Radiologie, Heidelberg
| | - D Bonekamp
- Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Radiologie, Heidelberg
| | - B Hadaschik
- Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Urologie, Heidelberg
| | - M Wiesenfarth
- Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Biostatistik, Heidelberg
| | - K Wieczorek
- Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Pathologie, Heidelberg
| | - M Götz
- Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Medizinische Informatik, Heidelberg
| | - H Schlemmer
- Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Radiologie, Heidelberg
| | - K Maier-Hein
- Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Medizinische Informatik, Heidelberg
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10
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Radtke J, Bonekamp D, Kesch C, Freitag M, Alt C, Celik K, Distler F, Roth W, Wieczorek K, Duensing S, Roethke M, Teber D, Schlemmer H, Hohenfellner M, Hadaschik B. Kombination klinischer und MR-tomografischer Parameter zur Vorhersage signifikanter Prostatakarzinome und extrakapsulärer Tumorausdehnung. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1600469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J Radtke
- Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Abteilung Radiologie, Heidelberg
| | - D Bonekamp
- Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Abteilung Radiologie, Heidelberg
| | - C Kesch
- Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Urologische Universitätsklinik, Heidelberg
| | - M Freitag
- Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Abteilung Radiologie, Heidelberg
| | - C Alt
- Universitätsklinikum Düsseldorf, Institut für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie, Düsseldorf
| | - K Celik
- Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Urologische Universitätsklinik, Heidelberg
| | - F Distler
- Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Urologische Universitätsklinik, Heidelberg
| | - W Roth
- Ruprechts-Karl-Universität Heidelberg, Pathologisches Institut, Heidelberg
| | - K Wieczorek
- Ruprechts-Karl-Universität Heidelberg, Pathologisches Institut, Heidelberg
| | - S Duensing
- Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Urologische Universitätsklinik, Heidelberg
| | - M Roethke
- Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Abteilung Radiologie, Heidelberg
| | - D Teber
- Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Urologische Universitätsklinik, Heidelberg
| | - H Schlemmer
- Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, Abteilung Radiologie, Heidelberg
| | - M Hohenfellner
- Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Urologische Universitätsklinik, Heidelberg
| | - B Hadaschik
- Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Urologische Universitätsklinik, Heidelberg
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11
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Wieczorek K, Denis E, Lachtara B, Osek J. Distribution of Campylobacter jejuni multilocus sequence types isolated from chickens in Poland. Poult Sci 2017; 96:703-709. [DOI: 10.3382/ps/pew343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 08/24/2016] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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12
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Jantschik K, Czaikowski O, Moog H, Wieczorek K. Investigating the sealing capacity of a seal system in rock salt (DOPAS project). KERNTECHNIK 2016. [DOI: 10.3139/124.110721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
This paper describes research and development work on plugging and sealing repositories, an issue of fundamental importance for the rock salt option which represents one of the three European repository options, besides the clay rock and the crystalline rock options. The programme aims at providing experimental data needed for the theoretical analysis of the long-term sealing capacity of concrete-based sealing materials. In order to demonstrate hydro-mechanical material stability under representative load scenarios, a comprehensive laboratory testing programme is carried out. This comprises investigation of the sealing capacity of the combined seal system and impact of the so-called excavation-damaged zones (EDZ) as well as investigation of the hydro-chemical long-term stability of the seal in contact with different brines under diffusive and advective conditions. This paper presents experimental approaches and preliminary results from laboratory investigations on salt concrete and combined systems as obtained to date.
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Jantschik
- Gesellschaft für Anlagen- und Reaktorsicherheit (GRS) gGmbH , Theodor-Heuß-Straße 4, 38122 Braunschweig , Germany
| | - O. Czaikowski
- Gesellschaft für Anlagen- und Reaktorsicherheit (GRS) gGmbH , Theodor-Heuß-Straße 4, 38122 Braunschweig , Germany
| | - H.C. Moog
- Gesellschaft für Anlagen- und Reaktorsicherheit (GRS) gGmbH , Theodor-Heuß-Straße 4, 38122 Braunschweig , Germany
| | - K. Wieczorek
- Gesellschaft für Anlagen- und Reaktorsicherheit (GRS) gGmbH , Theodor-Heuß-Straße 4, 38122 Braunschweig , Germany
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13
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Sidonskaya E, Schweighofer A, Shubchynskyy V, Kammerhofer N, Hofmann J, Wieczorek K, Meskiene I. Plant resistance against the parasitic nematode Heterodera schachtii is mediated by MPK3 and MPK6 kinases, which are controlled by the MAPK phosphatase AP2C1 in Arabidopsis. J Exp Bot 2016; 67:107-18. [PMID: 26438412 PMCID: PMC4682428 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Plant-parasitic cyst nematodes infect plants and form highly sophisticated feeding sites in roots. It is not known which plant cell signalling mechanisms trigger plant defence during the early stages of nematode parasitism. Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) are central components of protein phosphorylation cascades transducing extracellular signals to plant defence responses. MAPK phosphatases control kinase activities and the signalling outcome. The involvement and the role of MPK3 and MPK6, as well as the MAPK phosphatase AP2C1, is demonstrated during parasitism of the beet cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii in Arabidopsis. Our data reveal notable activation patterns of plant MAPKs and the induction of AP2C1 suggesting the attenuation of defence signalling in plant cells during early nematode infection. It is demonstrated that the ap2c1 mutant that is lacking AP2C1 is more attractive but less susceptible to nematodes compared with the AP2C1-overexpressing line. This implies that the function of AP2C1 is a negative regulator of nematode-induced defence. By contrast, the enhanced susceptibility of mpk3 and mpk6 plants indicates a positive role of stress-activated MAPKs in plant immunity against nematodes. Evidence is provided that phosphatase AP2C1, as well as AP2C1-targeted MPK3 and MPK6, are important regulators of plant-nematode interaction, where the co-ordinated action of these signalling components ensures the timely activation of plant defence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina Sidonskaya
- Division of Plant Protection, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 24, A-3430 Tulln on the Danube, Austria
| | - Alois Schweighofer
- Max F. Perutz Laboratories of the University and Medical University of Vienna, Dr Bohr-Gasse 9, A-1030 Vienna, Austria Institute of Biotechnology, University of Vilnius, Graiciuno 8, LT-02242 Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - Volodymyr Shubchynskyy
- Max F. Perutz Laboratories of the University and Medical University of Vienna, Dr Bohr-Gasse 9, A-1030 Vienna, Austria
| | - Nina Kammerhofer
- Division of Plant Protection, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 24, A-3430 Tulln on the Danube, Austria
| | - Julia Hofmann
- Division of Plant Protection, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 24, A-3430 Tulln on the Danube, Austria
| | - Krzysztof Wieczorek
- Division of Plant Protection, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Konrad-Lorenz-Straße 24, A-3430 Tulln on the Danube, Austria
| | - Irute Meskiene
- Max F. Perutz Laboratories of the University and Medical University of Vienna, Dr Bohr-Gasse 9, A-1030 Vienna, Austria Institute of Biotechnology, University of Vilnius, Graiciuno 8, LT-02242 Vilnius, Lithuania Department of Ecogenomics and Systems Biology, University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
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Waldburger N, Rupp C, Klinke S, Wieczorek K, Gotthardt D, Kirchner T, Sotlar K, Schirmacher P, Straub BK. Aggressive systemic mastocytosis of the liver with cholangitis. Z Gastroenterol 2015. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0035-1568065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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15
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Kammerhofer N, Egger B, Dobrev P, Vankova R, Hofmann J, Schausberger P, Wieczorek K. Systemic above- and belowground cross talk: hormone-based responses triggered by Heterodera schachtii and shoot herbivores in Arabidopsis thaliana. J Exp Bot 2015; 66:7005-17. [PMID: 26324462 PMCID: PMC4765779 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erv398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Above- and belowground plant parts are simultaneously attacked by different pests and pathogens. The host mediates these interactions and physiologically reacts, e.g. with local and systemic alterations of endogenous hormone levels coupled with coordinated transcriptional changes. This in turn affects attractiveness and susceptibility of the plant to subsequent attackers. Here, the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana is used to study stress hormone-based systemic responses triggered by simultaneous root parasitism by the cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii and shoot herbivory by the thrips Frankliniella occidentalis and the spider mite Tetranychus urticae. First, HPLC/MS and quantitative reverse transcriptase PCR are used to show that nematode parasitism strongly affects stress hormone levels and expression of hormone marker genes in shoots. Previous nematode infection is then demonstrated to affect the behavioural and life history performance of both arthropods. While thrips explicitly avoid nematode-infected plants, spider mites prefer them. In addition, the life history performance of T. urticae is significantly enhanced by nematode infection. Finally, systemic changes triggered by shoot-feeding F. occidentalis but not T. urticae are shown to make the roots more attractive for H. schachtii. This work emphasises the importance of above- and belowground signalling and contributes to a better understanding of plant systemic defence mechanisms against plant-parasitic nematodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Kammerhofer
- Division of Plant Protection, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, UFT Tulln, Konrad-Lorenz-Str. 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Barbara Egger
- Division of Plant Protection, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, UFT Tulln, Konrad-Lorenz-Str. 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Petre Dobrev
- Institute of Experimental Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Rozvojová 263, 165 02 Prague 6 - Lysolaje, Czech Republic
| | - Radomira Vankova
- Institute of Experimental Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Rozvojová 263, 165 02 Prague 6 - Lysolaje, Czech Republic
| | - Julia Hofmann
- Division of Plant Protection, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, UFT Tulln, Konrad-Lorenz-Str. 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Peter Schausberger
- Group of Arthropod Ecology and Behavior, Division of Plant Protection, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Peter-Jordan-Str. 82, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Krzysztof Wieczorek
- Division of Plant Protection, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, UFT Tulln, Konrad-Lorenz-Str. 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
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16
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Kammerhofer N, Radakovic Z, Regis JMA, Dobrev P, Vankova R, Grundler FMW, Siddique S, Hofmann J, Wieczorek K. Role of stress-related hormones in plant defence during early infection of the cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii in Arabidopsis. New Phytol 2015; 207:778-89. [PMID: 25825039 PMCID: PMC4657489 DOI: 10.1111/nph.13395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/03/2015] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Heterodera schachtii, a plant-parasitic cyst nematode, invades host roots and induces a specific syncytial feeding structure, from which it withdraws all required nutrients, causing severe yield losses. The system H. schachtii-Arabidopsis is an excellent research model for investigating plant defence mechanisms. Such responses are suppressed in well-established syncytia, whereas they are induced during early parasitism. However, the mechanisms by which the defence responses are modulated and the role of phytohormones are largely unknown. The aim of this study was to elucidate the role of hormone-based defence responses at the onset of nematode infection. First, concentrations of main phytohormones were quantified and the expression of several hormone-related genes was analysed using quantitative real-time (qRT)-PCR or GeneChip. Further, the effects of individual hormones were evaluated via nematode attraction and infection assays using plants with altered endogenous hormone concentrations. Our results suggest a pivotal and positive role for ethylene during nematode attraction, whereas jasmonic acid triggers early defence responses against H. schachtii. Salicylic acid seems to be a negative regulator during later syncytium and female development. We conclude that nematodes are able to impose specific changes in hormone pools, thus modulating hormone-based defence and signal transduction in strict dependence on their parasitism stage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Kammerhofer
- Division of Plant Protection, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, UFT TullnKonrad Lorenz Str. 24, 3430, Tulln, Austria
| | - Zoran Radakovic
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Department Molecular Phytomedicine, University BonnKarlrobert-Kreiten-Str. 13, D-53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Jully M A Regis
- Division of Plant Protection, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, UFT TullnKonrad Lorenz Str. 24, 3430, Tulln, Austria
| | - Petre Dobrev
- Institute of Experimental Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech RepublicRozvojová 263, 165 02, Prague 6, Lysolaje, Czech Republic
| | - Radomira Vankova
- Institute of Experimental Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Czech RepublicRozvojová 263, 165 02, Prague 6, Lysolaje, Czech Republic
| | - Florian M W Grundler
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Department Molecular Phytomedicine, University BonnKarlrobert-Kreiten-Str. 13, D-53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Shahid Siddique
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Department Molecular Phytomedicine, University BonnKarlrobert-Kreiten-Str. 13, D-53115, Bonn, Germany
| | - Julia Hofmann
- Division of Plant Protection, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, UFT TullnKonrad Lorenz Str. 24, 3430, Tulln, Austria
| | - Krzysztof Wieczorek
- Division of Plant Protection, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, UFT TullnKonrad Lorenz Str. 24, 3430, Tulln, Austria
- Author for correspondence:,
Krzysztof Wieczorek
,
Tel: +43 1 47654 3397
,
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17
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Griesser M, Lawo NC, Crespo-Martinez S, Schoedl-Hummel K, Wieczorek K, Gorecka M, Liebner F, Zweckmair T, Stralis Pavese N, Kreil D, Forneck A. Phylloxera (Daktulosphaira vitifoliae Fitch) alters the carbohydrate metabolism in root galls to allowing the compatible interaction with grapevine (Vitis ssp.) roots. Plant Sci 2015; 234:38-49. [PMID: 25804808 PMCID: PMC4388344 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2015.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2014] [Revised: 01/27/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Gall forming phylloxera may compete for nutrients with meristematic tissues and develop heterotrophic structures that act as carbon sinks. In this work, we studied the underlying starch metabolism, sink-source translocation of soluble sugars towards and within root galls. We demonstrated that nodosities store carbohydrates by starch accumulation and monitored the expression of genes involved in the starch metabolic. Thereby we proved that the nodosity is symplastically connected to the source tissues through its development and that the starch metabolism is significantly affected to synthesize and degrade starch within the gall. Genes required for starch biosynthesis and degradation are up-regulated. Among the carbohydrate transporters the expression of a glucose-6-phosphate translocater, one sucrose transporter and two SWEET proteins were increases, whereas hexose transporters, tonoplast monosaccharide transporter and Erd6-like sugar transporters were decreased. We found general evidence for plant response to osmotic stress in the nodosity as previously suggested for gall induction processes. We conclude that nodosities are heterogenous plant organs that accumulate starch to serve as temporary storage structure that is gradually withdrawn by phylloxera. Phylloxera transcriptionally reprograms gall tissues beyond primary metabolism and included downstream secondary processes, including response to osmotic stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michaela Griesser
- Division of Viticulture and Pomology, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Konrad Lorenz Str. 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Nora Caroline Lawo
- Division of Viticulture and Pomology, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Konrad Lorenz Str. 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Sara Crespo-Martinez
- Division of Viticulture and Pomology, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Konrad Lorenz Str. 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Katharina Schoedl-Hummel
- Division of Viticulture and Pomology, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Konrad Lorenz Str. 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Krzysztof Wieczorek
- Division of Plant Protection, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Konrad Lorenz Str. 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Miroslawa Gorecka
- Department of Botany, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-787 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Falk Liebner
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Chemistry of Renewable Resources, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Konrad Lorenz Str. 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Thomas Zweckmair
- Department of Chemistry, Division of Chemistry of Renewable Resources, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Konrad Lorenz Str. 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Nancy Stralis Pavese
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - David Kreil
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Muthgasse 18, 1190 Vienna, Austria; Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, UK
| | - Astrid Forneck
- Division of Viticulture and Pomology, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Konrad Lorenz Str. 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria.
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18
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Kriegsmann M, Casadonte R, Randau T, Gravius S, Pennekamp P, Strauss A, Oldenburg J, Wieczorek K, Deininger SO, Otto M, Kriegsmann J. MALDI imaging of predictive ferritin, fibrinogen and proteases in haemophilic arthropathy. Haemophilia 2015; 20:446-53. [PMID: 24847521 DOI: 10.1111/hae.12377] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Arthropathy as a result of repeated joint bleeding is a severe complication in patients with haemophilia. In the evaluation of synovial tissue specimens, histology alone is non-specific and there is considerable morphological overlap with other joint diseases. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens are available in pathological institutes and can be studied to understand the pathogenesis of haemophilic arthropathy. A powerful technique to identify hundreds of proteins in a tissue section combining proteomics with morphology is imaging mass spectrometry (IMS). We determined whether matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) IMS can be used to identify and map protein signatures in the synovial tissue of patients with haemophilic arthropathy. MALDI IMS was applied to synovial tissue of six patients with haemophilic arthropathy. We detected several peaks predictive in mass with ferritin light (m/z 1608) and heavy chain (m/z 1345), alpha- (m/z 1071) and beta (m/z 1274) haemoglobin subunits, truncated coagulation factor VIII peptide (m/z 1502, 1176), beta- and gamma fibrinogen peptides (m/z 980, 1032, 1117 and 1683), and annexin A2 (m/z 1111, 1268, 1460, 2164). In addition, the distribution of these proteins in synovial tissue sections was demonstrated. MALDI IMS identified and mapped specific proteins in the synovial membrane of patients with haemophilic arthropathy known to be involved in the pathogenesis of other joint diseases. This technique is a powerful tool to analyse the distribution of proteins in synovial tissue sections.
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19
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Wieczorek K, Braczkowski RS, Skrzypek M, Stryjewski PJ, Kuczaj A, Al-Srory G. The comparison between vitamin d concentration in upper silesia patients with prostate cancer and with benign prostatic hyperplasia. J BIOL REG HOMEOS AG 2015; 29:207-211. [PMID: 25864760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A number of studies have shown that vitamin D has a protective effect against the development of cancer, which may also be related to prostate cancer. Low serum vitamin D concentration has also been demonstrated in benign prostate hyperplasia. We compared serum vitamin D concentration in two groups of Polish men with prostate cancer and benign prostate hyperplasia. Each group comprised 30 patients. The concentration was determined by ELISA. To assess the difference between the study population, non-parametric Mann Whitney U test was used. The results revealed that patients with prostate cancer are deficient in vitamin D (median =25.3, quartiles q1 - q3: 13.4 -33.4). The concentration of vitamin D in the group of patients with prostate cancer was lower than in the group of benign prostatic hyperplasia with vitamin D deficiency (median =34.8, quartiles q1 - q3: 17.9 44.3). Vitamin D concentration in Polish men with prostate cancer is lower compared to patients with benign prostatic hyperplasia.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Wieczorek
- Urology Department, E. Michalowski Specialist Hospital, Katowice, Poland
| | - R S Braczkowski
- Department of Public Health, School of Public Health, Silesian Medical University, Poland
| | - M Skrzypek
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Biostatistics, Silesian Medical University, Bytom, Poland
| | - P J Stryjewski
- Department of Cardiology, City Hospital, Chrzanow, Poland
| | - A Kuczaj
- 2nd Department of Cardiology, Zabrze, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
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20
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Wieczorek K. Detection and Visualization of Specific Gene Transcripts by in situ RT-PCR in Nematode-Infected Arabidopsis Root Tissue. Bio Protoc 2015; 5:e1597. [DOI: 10.21769/bioprotoc.1597] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/02/2022] Open
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21
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Abstract
Plant parasitic nematodes are devastating pests on many crops. Juveniles (J2) of cyst nematodes invade the roots to induce a syncytium. This feeding site is their only source of nutrients. Male nematodes leave the roots after the fourth molt to mate with females. The females stay attached to their syncytia throughout their life and produce hundreds of eggs, which are contained in their bodies. When the females die their bodies form the cysts, which protect the eggs. Cysts can survive for many years in the soil until favorable conditions induce hatching of the juveniles. The beet cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii (H. schachtii)is a pathogen of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) but can also complete its life cycle on Arabidopsis roots growing on agar plates under sterile conditions. We present here protocols for a stock culture of H. schachtii and an infection assay on agar plates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Holger Bohlmann
- Division of Plant Protection, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Krzysztof Wieczorek
- Division of Plant Protection, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
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22
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Wieczorek K, Elashry A, Quentin M, Grundler FMW, Favery B, Seifert GJ, Bohlmann H. A distinct role of pectate lyases in the formation of feeding structures induced by cyst and root-knot nematodes. Mol Plant Microbe Interact 2014; 27:901-12. [PMID: 24905398 DOI: 10.1094/mpmi-01-14-0005-r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Pectin in the primary plant cell wall is thought to be responsible for its porosity, charge density, and microfibril spacing and is the main component of the middle lamella. Plant-parasitic nematodes secrete cell wall-degrading enzymes that macerate the plant tissue, facilitating the penetration and migration within the roots. In sedentary endoparasitic nematodes, these enzymes are released only during the migration of infective juveniles through the root. Later, nematodes manipulate the expression of host plant genes, including various cell wall enzymes, in order to induce specific feeding sites. In this study, we investigated expression of two Arabidopsis pectate lyase-like genes (PLL), PLL18 (At3g27400) and PLL19 (At4g24780), together with pectic epitopes with different degrees of methylesterification in both syncytia induced by the cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii and giant cells induced by the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita. We confirmed upregulation of PLL18 and PLL19 in both types of feeding sites with quantitative reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and in situ RT-PCR. Furthermore, the functional analysis of mutants demonstrated the important role of both PLL genes in the development and maintenance of syncytia but not giant cells. Our results show that both enzymes play distinct roles in different infected root tissues as well as during parasitism of different nematodes.
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Ali MA, Wieczorek K, Kreil DP, Bohlmann H. The beet cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii modulates the expression of WRKY transcription factors in syncytia to favour its development in Arabidopsis roots. PLoS One 2014; 9:e102360. [PMID: 25033038 PMCID: PMC4102525 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0102360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 06/18/2014] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
Cyst nematodes invade the roots of their host plants as second stage juveniles and induce a syncytium which is the only source of nutrients throughout their life. A recent transcriptome analysis of syncytia induced by the beet cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii in Arabidopsis roots has shown that thousands of genes are up-regulated or down-regulated in syncytia as compared to root segments from uninfected plants. Among the down-regulated genes are many which code for WRKY transcription factors. Arabidopsis contains 66 WRKY genes with 59 represented by the ATH1 GeneChip. Of these, 28 were significantly down-regulated and 6 up-regulated in syncytia as compared to control root segments. We have studied here the down-regulated genes WRKY6, WRKY11, WRKY17 and WRKY33 in detail. We confirmed the down-regulation in syncytia with promoter::GUS lines. Using various overexpression lines and mutants it was shown that the down-regulation of these WRKY genes is important for nematode development, probably through interfering with plant defense reactions. In case of WRKY33, this might involve the production of the phytoalexin camalexin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Amjad Ali
- Division of Plant Protection, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Plant Pathology, Centre of Agricultural Biochemistry and Biotechnology (CABB), University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
| | - Krzysztof Wieczorek
- Division of Plant Protection, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - David P. Kreil
- Chair of Bioinformatics, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
- School of Life Sciences, University of Warwick, Coventry, United Kingdom
| | - Holger Bohlmann
- Division of Plant Protection, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
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Søndergaard MSR, Josefsen MH, Löfström C, Christensen LS, Wieczorek K, Osek J, Hoorfar J. Low-cost monitoring of Campylobacter in poultry houses by air sampling and quantitative PCR. J Food Prot 2014; 77:325-30. [PMID: 24490929 DOI: 10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-13-268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
The present study describes the evaluation of a method for the quantification of Campylobacter by air sampling in poultry houses. Sampling was carried out in conventional chicken houses in Poland, in addition to a preliminary sampling in Denmark. Each measurement consisted of three air samples, two standard boot swab fecal samples, and one airborne particle count. Sampling was conducted over an 8-week period in three flocks, assessing the presence and levels of Campylobacter in boot swabs and air samples using quantitative real-time PCR. The detection limit for air sampling was approximately 100 Campylobacter cell equivalents (CCE)/m3. Airborne particle counts were used to analyze the size distribution of airborne particles (0.3 to 10 μm) in the chicken houses in relation to the level of airborne Campylobacter. No correlation was found. Using air sampling, Campylobacter was detected in the flocks right away, while boot swab samples were positive after 2 weeks. All samples collected were positive for Campylobacter from week 2 through the rest of the rearing period for both sampling techniques, although levels 1- to 2-log CCE higher were found with air sampling. At week 8, the levels were approximately 10(4) and 10(5) CCE per sample for boot swabs and air, respectively. In conclusion, using air samples combined with quantitative real-time PCR, Campylobacter contamination could be detected earlier than by boot swabs and was found to be a more convenient technique for monitoring and/or to obtain enumeration data useful for quantitative risk assessment of Campylobacter.
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Affiliation(s)
- M S R Søndergaard
- National Food Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Mørkhøj Bygade 19, 2860 Søborg, Denmark
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Alrajab A, Stockklausner C, Sommerburg O, Behnisch W, Wieczorek K, Holland-Cunz S, Schenk JP. Pleuropulmonales Blastom und zystisches Nephrom - eine seltene Kombination im Kindesalter. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2013. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1352576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Daneshkhah R, Cabello S, Rozanska E, Sobczak M, Grundler FMW, Wieczorek K, Hofmann J. Piriformospora indica antagonizes cyst nematode infection and development in Arabidopsis roots. J Exp Bot 2013; 64:3763-74. [PMID: 23956413 PMCID: PMC3745735 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/ert213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
The beneficial endophytic fungus Piriformospora indica colonizes the roots of many plant species, including the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Its colonization promotes plant growth, development, and seed production as well as resistance to various biotic and abiotic stresses. In the present work, P. indica was tested as potential antagonist of the sedentary plant-parasitic nematode Heterodera schachtii. This biotrophic cyst-forming nematode induces severe host plant damage by changing the morphogenesis and physiology of infected roots. Here it is shown that P. indica colonization, as well as the application of fungal exudates and cell-wall extracts, significantly affects the vitality, infectivity, development, and reproduction of H. schachtii.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Daneshkhah
- Department of Crop Sciences, Division of Plant Protection, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Konrad Lorenz Straße 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - S. Cabello
- Department of Crop Sciences, Division of Plant Protection, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Konrad Lorenz Straße 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - E. Rozanska
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Agriculture and Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, Building 37, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - M. Sobczak
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Agriculture and Biology, Warsaw University of Life Sciences (SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, Building 37, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland
| | - F. M. W. Grundler
- Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation, Molecular Phytomedicine, University Bonn, Karlrobert-Kreiten-Str. 13, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - K. Wieczorek
- Department of Crop Sciences, Division of Plant Protection, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Konrad Lorenz Straße 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - J. Hofmann
- Department of Crop Sciences, Division of Plant Protection, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Konrad Lorenz Straße 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
- * To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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Ali MA, Plattner S, Radakovic Z, Wieczorek K, Elashry A, Grundler FMW, Ammelburg M, Siddique S, Bohlmann H. An Arabidopsis ATPase gene involved in nematode-induced syncytium development and abiotic stress responses. Plant J 2013; 74:852-66. [PMID: 23480402 PMCID: PMC3712482 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.12170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Revised: 02/08/2013] [Accepted: 03/04/2013] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The beet cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii induces syncytia in the roots of Arabidopsis thaliana, which are its only nutrient source. One gene, At1g64110, that is strongly up-regulated in syncytia as shown by RT-PCR, quantitative RT-PCR, in situ RT-PCR and promoter::GUS lines, encodes an AAA+-type ATPase. Expression of two related genes in syncytia, At4g28000 and At5g52882, was not detected or not different from control root segments. Using amiRNA lines and T-DNA mutants, we show that At1g64110 is important for syncytium and nematode development. At1g64110 was also inducible by wounding, jasmonic acid, salicylic acid, heat and cold, as well as drought, sodium chloride, abscisic acid and mannitol, indicating involvement of this gene in abiotic stress responses. We confirmed this using two T-DNA mutants that were more sensitive to abscisic acid and sodium chloride during seed germination and root growth. These mutants also developed significantly smaller roots in response to abscisic acid and sodium chloride. An in silico analysis showed that ATPase At1g64110 (and also At4g28000 and At5g52882) belong to the 'meiotic clade' of AAA proteins that includes proteins such as Vps4, katanin, spastin and MSP1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Amjad Ali
- Division of Plant Protection, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Universitäts- und Forschungszentrum TullnKonrad Lorenz Straße 24, Tulln, 3430, Austria
| | - Stephan Plattner
- Division of Plant Protection, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Universitäts- und Forschungszentrum TullnKonrad Lorenz Straße 24, Tulln, 3430, Austria
| | - Zoran Radakovic
- Department of Molecular Phytomedicine, Institut für Nutzpflanzenwissenschaften und Ressourcenschutz, University of BonnBonn, 53115, Germany
| | - Krzysztof Wieczorek
- Division of Plant Protection, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Universitäts- und Forschungszentrum TullnKonrad Lorenz Straße 24, Tulln, 3430, Austria
| | - Abdelnaser Elashry
- Division of Plant Protection, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Universitäts- und Forschungszentrum TullnKonrad Lorenz Straße 24, Tulln, 3430, Austria
- Department of Molecular Phytomedicine, Institut für Nutzpflanzenwissenschaften und Ressourcenschutz, University of BonnBonn, 53115, Germany
| | - Florian MW Grundler
- Department of Molecular Phytomedicine, Institut für Nutzpflanzenwissenschaften und Ressourcenschutz, University of BonnBonn, 53115, Germany
| | - Moritz Ammelburg
- Department 1, Protein Evolution, Max Planck Institute for Developmental BiologySpemannstraße 35, Tübingen, 72076, Germany
| | - Shahid Siddique
- Division of Plant Protection, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Universitäts- und Forschungszentrum TullnKonrad Lorenz Straße 24, Tulln, 3430, Austria
- Department of Molecular Phytomedicine, Institut für Nutzpflanzenwissenschaften und Ressourcenschutz, University of BonnBonn, 53115, Germany
| | - Holger Bohlmann
- Division of Plant Protection, Department of Crop Sciences, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences Vienna, Universitäts- und Forschungszentrum TullnKonrad Lorenz Straße 24, Tulln, 3430, Austria
- *For correspondence (e-mail )
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Siddique S, Wieczorek K, Szakasits D, Kreil DP, Bohlmann H. The promoter of a plant defensin gene directs specific expression in nematode-induced syncytia in Arabidopsis roots. Plant Physiol Biochem 2011; 49:1100-7. [PMID: 21813283 PMCID: PMC3185291 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2011.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2011] [Accepted: 07/11/2011] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The beet cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii induces a feeding site, called syncytium, in roots of host plants. In Arabidopsis, one of the genes whose expression is strongly induced in these structures is Pdf2.1 which codes for an antimicrobial plant defensin. Arabidopsis has 13 plant defensin genes. Besides Pdf2.1, the Pdf2.2 and Pdf2.3 genes were strongly expressed in syncytia and therefore the expression of all three Pdf genes was studied in detail. The promoter of the Pdf2.1 gene turned out to be an interesting candidate to drive a syncytium-specific expression of foreign genes as RT-PCR showed that apart from the feeding site it was only expressed in siliques (seeds). The Pdf2.2 and Pdf2.3 genes were in addition expressed in seedlings, roots, leaves, stems, and flowers. These results were supported by the analysis of promoter::GUS lines. After infection with H. schachtii all GUS lines showed a strong staining in syncytia at 5 and 15 dpi. This expression pattern was confirmed by in situ RT-PCR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Siddique
- Institute of Plant Protection, Department of Applied Plant Sciences and Plant Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Konrad Lorenz Str. 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Krzysztof Wieczorek
- Institute of Plant Protection, Department of Applied Plant Sciences and Plant Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Konrad Lorenz Str. 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - Dagmar Szakasits
- Institute of Plant Protection, Department of Applied Plant Sciences and Plant Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Konrad Lorenz Str. 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
| | - David P. Kreil
- Chair of Bioinformatics, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Holger Bohlmann
- Institute of Plant Protection, Department of Applied Plant Sciences and Plant Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Konrad Lorenz Str. 24, 3430 Tulln, Austria
- Corresponding author. Tel.: +43 1 47654 3360; fax: +43 1 47654 3359.
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29
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Rousselet G, Gaspar C, Wieczorek K, Pernet C. Single-trial ERP modelling reveals how task constraints modulate early visual processing. J Vis 2011. [DOI: 10.1167/11.11.206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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30
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Wieczorek K, Gaspar C, Pernet C, Rousselet G. Age-related differences in processing task-irrelevant stimulus properties: a single-trial ERP study. J Vis 2011. [DOI: 10.1167/11.11.204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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31
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Affiliation(s)
- K. Wieczorek
- Department of Hygiene of Food of Animal Origin; National Veterinary Research Institute; Partyznatow 57 24-100 Pulawy Poland
| | - L. Beutin
- National Reference Laboratory for Escherichia coli; Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR); Diedersdorfer Weg 1 12277 Berlin Germany
| | - J. Osek
- Department of Hygiene of Food of Animal Origin; National Veterinary Research Institute; Partyznatow 57 24-100 Pulawy Poland
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32
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Trojan M, Reinholz-Trojan A, Zieba K, Wieczorek K. Do dogs have a theory of mind? J Vet Behav 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jveb.2010.09.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Abstract
Although they describe properties of 2D Hall systems in the fractional quantum regime well, composite fermions suffer from the unexplained character of the localized magnetic field flux-tubes attached to each particle in order to reproduce the Laughlin correlations via Aharonov-Bohm phase shifts. The identification of the cyclotron trajectories of 2D charged particles as accessible classical trajectories within the braid group approach at the magnetic field presence, allows, however, for the avoidance of the construction with fluxes. We introduce cyclotron braid subgroups for charged 2D systems at the fractional Landau-level filling associated in a more natural way with composite fermions without invoking field flux-tubes. The Aharonov-Bohm phase shifts caused by fluxes are replaced with the phase gain due to multi-loop cyclotron trajectories unavoidably occurring at the fractional filling of 1/p (p is an odd integer). Another approach to composite particles, using so-called vortices, is also discussed from the point of view of the cyclotron braid group description (for both odd and even p integers).
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jacak
- Institute of Physics, Wrocław University of Technology, Wyb. Wyspiańskiego 27, 50-370 Wrocław, Poland.
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34
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Siddique S, Endres S, Atkins JM, Szakasits D, Wieczorek K, Hofmann J, Blaukopf C, Urwin PE, Tenhaken R, Grundler FMW, Kreil DP, Bohlmann H. Myo-inositol oxygenase genes are involved in the development of syncytia induced by Heterodera schachtii in Arabidopsis roots. New Phytol 2009; 184:457-472. [PMID: 19691674 DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2009.02981.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
* In plants, UDP-glucuronic acid is synthesized by the oxidation of UDP-glucose by UDP-glucose dehydrogenase or the oxygenation of free myo-inositol by myo-inositol oxygenase (MIOX). In Arabidopsis, myo-inositol oxygenase is encoded by four genes. Transcriptome analysis of syncytia induced by the cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii in Arabidopsis roots revealed that MIOX genes are among the most strongly upregulated genes. * We have used beta-glucuronidase (GUS) analysis, in situ reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), and real-time RT-PCR to study the expression of all four MIOX genes in syncytia induced by H. schachtii in Arabidopsis roots. All these methods showed that MIOX genes are strongly induced in syncytia. GeneChip data were analysed for the expression of genes related to the MIOX pathway (mapman). * Two complementary double mutants were used to study the importance of MIOX genes. Results of the infection assay with double mutants in two combinations (Deltamiox1+2, Deltamiox4+5) showed a significant reduction (P < 0.05) in the number of females per plant when compared with the wild-type. Furthermore, syncytia in double mutants were significantly smaller than in wild-type plants. * Our data demonstrate an important role of the MIOX genes for syncytium development and for the development of female nematodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shahid Siddique
- Institute of Plant Protection, Department of Applied Plant Sciences and Plant Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Peter-Jordan-Strasse 82, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefanie Endres
- University of Salzburg, Plant Physiology, Hellbrunnerstrasse 34, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Jamie M Atkins
- Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Dagmar Szakasits
- Institute of Plant Protection, Department of Applied Plant Sciences and Plant Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Peter-Jordan-Strasse 82, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Krzysztof Wieczorek
- Institute of Plant Protection, Department of Applied Plant Sciences and Plant Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Peter-Jordan-Strasse 82, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Julia Hofmann
- Institute of Plant Protection, Department of Applied Plant Sciences and Plant Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Peter-Jordan-Strasse 82, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Claudia Blaukopf
- Institute of Plant Protection, Department of Applied Plant Sciences and Plant Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Peter-Jordan-Strasse 82, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter E Urwin
- Centre for Plant Sciences, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK
| | - Raimund Tenhaken
- University of Salzburg, Plant Physiology, Hellbrunnerstrasse 34, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria
| | - Florian M W Grundler
- Institute of Plant Protection, Department of Applied Plant Sciences and Plant Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Peter-Jordan-Strasse 82, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - David P Kreil
- Chair of Bioinformatics, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Holger Bohlmann
- Institute of Plant Protection, Department of Applied Plant Sciences and Plant Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Peter-Jordan-Strasse 82, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
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35
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Rollow A, Hofmann SR, Wieczorek K, Hahn G, Rösner D, Dinger J. Lymphangiom des rechten Zwerchfell – Differentialdiagnose eines konnatalen Chylothorax bei nichtimmunologischem Hydrops fetalis. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol 2009. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1223097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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36
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Wieczorek K, Ujma Z, Popek K, Gruszka I, Górny M, Koperski J, Soszyński A, Roleder K. Phase transition of displacive type in PbZr(0.94)Ti(0.06)O(3). J Phys Condens Matter 2009; 21:115901. [PMID: 21693931 DOI: 10.1088/0953-8984/21/11/115901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In this paper the electrostrictive properties above T(εmax), represented by the field-related M and polarization-related Q coefficients, have been reported for Pb(Zr(1-x)Ti(x))O(3) ceramics with x = 0.03-0.10. Among M(11)(T) and Q(11)(T) dependences, those found for Pb(Zr(0.94)Ti(0.06))O(3) have been clearly distinguished. In this case, the Q(11)(T) dependence is linear in the whole temperature range above T(εmax). Experimental and theoretical analysis of the M(11)(T) dependences has shown that the phase transition to the ferroelectric phase in Pb(Zr(0.94)Ti(0.06))O(3) ceramics seems to be of the displacive type.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Wieczorek
- Institute of Physics, University of Silesia, ulica Uniwersytecka 4, 40-007 Katowice, Poland
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37
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Szakasits D, Heinen P, Wieczorek K, Hofmann J, Wagner F, Kreil DP, Sykacek P, Grundler FMW, Bohlmann H. The transcriptome of syncytia induced by the cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii in Arabidopsis roots. Plant J 2009; 57:771-84. [PMID: 18980640 PMCID: PMC2667683 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313x.2008.03727.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 160] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2008] [Revised: 07/10/2008] [Accepted: 09/23/2008] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Arabidopsis thaliana is a host for the sugar beet cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii. Juvenile nematodes invade the roots and induce the development of a syncytium, which functions as a feeding site for the nematode. Here, we report on the transcriptome of syncytia induced in the roots of Arabidopsis. Microaspiration was employed to harvest pure syncytium material, which was then used to prepare RNA for hybridization to Affymetrix GeneChips. Initial data analysis showed that the gene expression in syncytia at 5 and 15 days post-infection did not differ greatly, and so both time points were compared together with control roots. Out of a total of 21 138 genes, 18.4% (3893) had a higher expression level and 15.8% (3338) had a lower expression level in syncytia, as compared with control roots, using a multiple-testing corrected false discovery rate of below 5%. A gene ontology (GO) analysis of up- and downregulated genes showed that categories related to high metabolic activity were preferentially upregulated. A principal component analysis was applied to compare the transcriptome of syncytia with the transcriptome of different Arabidopsis organs (obtained by the AtGenExpress project), and with specific root tissues. This analysis revealed that syncytia are transcriptionally clearly different from roots (and all other organs), as well as from other root tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagmar Szakasits
- Institute of Plant Protection, Department of Applied Plant Sciences and Plant Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life SciencesVienna, Austria
| | - Petra Heinen
- Institute of Plant Protection, Department of Applied Plant Sciences and Plant Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life SciencesVienna, Austria
| | - Krzysztof Wieczorek
- Institute of Plant Protection, Department of Applied Plant Sciences and Plant Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life SciencesVienna, Austria
| | - Julia Hofmann
- Institute of Plant Protection, Department of Applied Plant Sciences and Plant Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life SciencesVienna, Austria
| | - Florian Wagner
- RZPD German Resource Center for Genome ResearchBerlin, Germany
| | - David P Kreil
- WWTF Chair of Bioinformatics, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life SciencesVienna, Austria
| | - Peter Sykacek
- WWTF Chair of Bioinformatics, Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life SciencesVienna, Austria
| | - Florian M W Grundler
- Institute of Plant Protection, Department of Applied Plant Sciences and Plant Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life SciencesVienna, Austria
| | - Holger Bohlmann
- Institute of Plant Protection, Department of Applied Plant Sciences and Plant Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life SciencesVienna, Austria
- * For correspondence (fax: +43 1 47654 3359; e-mail )
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38
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Hofmann J, Hess PH, Szakasits D, Blöchl A, Wieczorek K, Daxböck-Horvath S, Bohlmann H, van Bel AJE, Grundler FMW. Diversity and activity of sugar transporters in nematode-induced root syncytia. J Exp Bot 2009; 60:3085-95. [PMID: 19487386 PMCID: PMC2718214 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erp138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2009] [Revised: 04/04/2009] [Accepted: 04/06/2009] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
The plant-parasitic nematode Heterodera schachtii stimulates plant root cells to form syncytial feeding structures which synthesize all nutrients required for successful nematode development. Cellular re-arrangements and modified metabolism of the syncytia are accompanied by massive intra- and intercellular solute allocations. In this study the expression of all genes annotated as sugar transporters in the Arabidopsis Membrane Protein Library was investigated by Affymetrix gene chip analysis in young and fully developed syncytia compared with non-infected Arabidopsis thaliana roots. The expression of three highly up-regulated (STP12, MEX1, and GTP2) and three highly down-regulated genes (SFP1, STP7, and STP4) was analysed by quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR). The most up-regulated gene (STP12) was chosen for further in-depth studies using in situ RT-PCR and a nematode development assay with a T-DNA insertion line revealing a significant reduction of male nematode development. The specific role of STP12 expression in syncytia of male juveniles compared with those of female juveniles was further shown by qRT-PCR. In order to provide evidence for sugar transporter activity across the plasma membrane of syncytia, fluorescence-labelled glucose was used and membrane potential recordings following the application of several sugars were performed. Analyses of soluble sugar pools revealed a highly specific composition in syncytia. The presented work demonstrates that sugar transporters are specifically expressed and active in syncytia, indicating a profound role in inter- and intracelluar transport processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Hofmann
- Institute of Plant Protection, Department of Applied Plant Sciences and Plant Biotechnology, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences Vienna, Peter Jordan-Str. 82, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Paul H. Hess
- Plant Cell Biology Research Group, Institute of General Botany, Justus-Liebig-University, Senckenbergstr. 17, D-35390 Giessen, Germany
| | - Dagmar Szakasits
- Institute of Plant Protection, Department of Applied Plant Sciences and Plant Biotechnology, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences Vienna, Peter Jordan-Str. 82, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Andreas Blöchl
- Department of Chemical Ecology and Ecosystem Research, University of Vienna, Althanstrasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Krzysztof Wieczorek
- Institute of Plant Protection, Department of Applied Plant Sciences and Plant Biotechnology, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences Vienna, Peter Jordan-Str. 82, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Sabine Daxböck-Horvath
- Institute of Plant Protection, Department of Applied Plant Sciences and Plant Biotechnology, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences Vienna, Peter Jordan-Str. 82, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Holger Bohlmann
- Institute of Plant Protection, Department of Applied Plant Sciences and Plant Biotechnology, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences Vienna, Peter Jordan-Str. 82, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
| | - Aart J. E. van Bel
- Plant Cell Biology Research Group, Institute of General Botany, Justus-Liebig-University, Senckenbergstr. 17, D-35390 Giessen, Germany
| | - Florian M. W. Grundler
- Institute of Plant Protection, Department of Applied Plant Sciences and Plant Biotechnology, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences Vienna, Peter Jordan-Str. 82, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
- To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail:
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Grunewald W, Karimi M, Wieczorek K, Van de Cappelle E, Wischnitzki E, Grundler F, Inzé D, Beeckman T, Gheysen G. A role for AtWRKY23 in feeding site establishment of plant-parasitic nematodes. Plant Physiol 2008; 148:358-68. [PMID: 18599655 PMCID: PMC2528098 DOI: 10.1104/pp.108.119131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2008] [Accepted: 06/22/2008] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
During the interaction between sedentary plant-parasitic nematodes and their host, complex morphological and physiological changes occur in the infected plant tissue, finally resulting in the establishment of a nematode feeding site. This cellular transformation is the result of altered plant gene expression most likely induced by proteins injected in the plant cell by the nematode. Here, we report on the identification of a WRKY transcription factor expressed during nematode infection. Using both promoter-reporter gene fusions and in situ reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, we could show that AtWRKY23 is expressed during the early stages of feeding site establishment. Knocking down the expression of WRKY23 resulted in lower infection of the cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii. WRKY23 is an auxin-inducible gene and in uninfected plants WRKY23 acts downstream of the Aux/IAA protein SLR/IAA14. Although auxin is known to be involved in feeding site formation, our results suggest that, during early stages, auxin-independent signals might be at play to activate the initial expression of WRKY23.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wim Grunewald
- Department of Plant Systems Biology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, Ghent University, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium.
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40
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Wieczorek K, Hofmann J, Blöchl A, Szakasits D, Bohlmann H, Grundler FMW. Arabidopsis endo-1,4-beta-glucanases are involved in the formation of root syncytia induced by Heterodera schachtii. Plant J 2008; 53:336-51. [PMID: 18069944 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313x.2007.03340.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Cyst nematodes induce root syncytia with specific features such as hypertrophy, increased metabolic activity and fusion with adjacent cells. Cell walls of the syncytia undergo massive changes such as thickening, local dissolution and formation of ingrowths. Cell wall degrading and modifying proteins are apparently involved in syncytium formation but detailed knowledge of this is still limited. Therefore, we studied the regulation and function of the entire Arabidopsis endo-1,4-beta-glucanase gene family in syncytia induced by Heterodera schachtii. Endo-1,4-beta-glucanases hydrolyze the 1,4-beta-glucosidic linkages between glucose residues. Using semi-quantitative and quantitative approaches we identified seven genes that are upregulated in syncytia. Two of these genes, coding for secreted AtCel2 and membrane-bound KOR3, are shoot-specific but show high expression in syncytia at different developmental stages. In silico analysis of the promoter regions of both genes compared with other genes with modified regulation in nematode feeding sites did not reveal specific cis-acting elements that could be related to specific transcription in syncytia. However, motifs responsive to sugar and different plant hormones were identified. Accordingly, treatments with sucrose, gibberellic acid and NAA induced upregulation of AtCel2, whereas ABA triggered downregulation of both AtCel2 and KOR3 in roots. As AtCel2 is related to degradation of the cell wall matrix, we analysed the hemicellulose content in syncytia. The measured values resembled the expression pattern of AtCel2. A distinctly reduced number of females developed in cel2 and kor3 T-DNA mutants, and we therefore conclude that endo-1,4-beta-glucanases play an important role in the formation and function of syncytia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Wieczorek
- Institute of Plant Protection, Department of Applied Plant Sciences and Plant Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
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41
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Hofmann J, Wieczorek K, Blöchl A, Grundler FMW. Sucrose supply to nematode-induced syncytia depends on the apoplasmic and symplasmic pathways. J Exp Bot 2007; 58:1591-601. [PMID: 17431028 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erl285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
The plant parasitic nematode Heterodera schachtii induces syncytial feeding structures in the roots of host plants. Nematode-induced syncytia become strong sink tissues in the plant solute circulation system as the parasites start withdrawing nutrients. In the present work, the expression pattern of the phloem-specific sucrose transporter AtSUC4 (also described as AtSUT4) is analysed in syncytia induced by H. schachtii and it is compared with that of AtSUC2, another phloem-specific sucrose transporter, which is expressed in syncytia. The temporal expression pattern was monitored by GUS-tests and real-time RT-PCR, while the localization within the syncytia was performed using in situ RT-PCR. In this context, the concentration of sucrose in infection sites was also analysed and, in fact, an increase in response to syncytium development was found. Silencing of the AtSUC4 gene finally resulted in a significant reduction of female nematode development, thus demonstrating a function for this gene for the first time. It is therefore concluded that AtSUC4 plays a significant role in the early phase of syncytium differentiation when functional plasmodesmata to the phloem are not yet established. It is further concluded that, during syncytium establishment, transporters are responsible for sucrose supply and, at a later stage, when a connection to the phloem is established via plasmodesmata, transporters are required for sucrose retrieval.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julia Hofmann
- Institute of Plant Protection, Department of Applied Plant Sciences and Plant Biotechnology, BOKU-University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences Vienna, Peter Jordan-Strasse 82, A-1190 Vienna, Austria
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Wieczorek K, Golecki B, Gerdes L, Heinen P, Szakasits D, Durachko DM, Cosgrove DJ, Kreil DP, Puzio PS, Bohlmann H, Grundler FMW. Expansins are involved in the formation of nematode-induced syncytia in roots of Arabidopsis thaliana. Plant J 2006; 48:98-112. [PMID: 16942607 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-313x.2006.02856.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Parasitism of the cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii is characterized by the formation of syncytial feeding structures in the host root. Syncytia are formed by the fusion of root cells, accompanied by local cell wall degradation, fusion of protoplasts and hypertrophy. Expansins are cell wall-loosening proteins involved in growth and cell wall disassembly. In this study, we analysed whether members of the expansin gene family are specifically and developmentally regulated during syncytium formation in the roots of Arabidopsis thaliana. We used PCR to screen a cDNA library of 5-7-day-old syncytia for expansin transcripts with primers differentiating between 26 alpha- and three beta-expansin cDNAs. AtEXPA1, AtEXPA3, AtEXPA4, AtEXPA6, AtEXPA8, AtEXPA10, AtEXPA15, AtEXPA16, AtEXPA20 and AtEXPB3 could be amplified from the library. In a semi-quantitative RT-PCR and a Genechip analysis AtEXPA3, AtEXPA6, AtEXPA8, AtEXPA10 and AtEXPA16 were found to be upregulated specifically in syncytia, but not to be transcribed in surrounding root tissue. Histological analyses were performed with the aid of promoter::GUS lines and in situ RT-PCR. Results from both approaches supported the specific expression pattern. Among the specifically expressed genes, AtEXPA3 and AtEXPA16 turned out to be of special interest as they are shoot-specific in uninfected plants. We conclude that syncytium formation involves the specific regulation of expansin genes, indicating that the encoded expansins take part in cell growth and cell wall disassembly during syncytium formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Wieczorek
- Institute of Plant Protection, Department of Applied Plant Sciences and Plant Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
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Wieczorek K, Grundler FM. Expanding nematode-induced syncytia: the role of expansins. Plant Signal Behav 2006; 1:223-4. [PMID: 19704662 PMCID: PMC2634120 DOI: 10.4161/psb.1.5.3426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2006] [Accepted: 09/21/2006] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Parasitism of the cyst nematode Heterodera schachtii is characterised by the formation of syncytial feeding structures within the host root. Syncytia are formed by the fusion of root cells accompanied by local cell wall degradation, fusion of protoplasts and hypertrophy. Expansins are cell wall-loosening proteins involved in growth and cell wall disassembly. In this study we analysed whether members of the expansin gene family are specifically and developmentally regulated during syncytium formation in roots of Arabidopsis thaliana. By screening of a cDNA library of syncytia for expansin transcripts several AtEXPAs and one AtEXPB were found. In a semi-quantitative RT-PCR and a Genechip analysis AtEXPA3, AtEXPA6, AtEXPA8, AtEXPA10 and AtEXPA16 were found to be up-regulated specifically in syncytia but not to be transcribed in surrounding root tissue. Histological analyses including analysis of promoter::GUS lines and in situ RT-PCR supported the specific expression pattern. Among the specifically expressed genes, AtEXPA3 and AtEXPA16 turned out to be of special interest as they are shoot-specific in un-infected plants. We conclude that a number of expansins take part in cell growth and cell wall disassembly during syncytium formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Krzysztof Wieczorek
- Institute of Plant Protection; Department of Applied Plant Sciences and Plant Biotechnology; University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences; Vienna, Austria
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Tatarczak M, Wieczorek K, Possē B, Osek J. Identification of putative adhesin genes in shigatoxigenic Escherichia coli isolated from different sources. Vet Microbiol 2005; 110:77-85. [PMID: 16125342 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2005.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2005] [Revised: 06/17/2005] [Accepted: 07/08/2005] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is an important pathogen responsible for severe human intestinal and systemic infections. The bacterial factors required for colonization of the hosts are still not well defined. In this study, the prevalence of seven putative adhesive genes that are not encoded in the locus of enterocyte effacement (LEE) in 74 STEC strains isolated from humans (n=39), food (n=6), cattle (n=11), and pigs (n=18) was investigated by PCR. In addition, Shiga toxin (stx) and intimin (eaeA including alpha, beta, gamma, delta, epsilon, zeta variants) genes were tested. The most prevalent adhesin was that encoded by toxB gene (52 of 74 isolates; 70.3%). This marker was found in all 12 strains of O157:H7 serotype and in 23 of 32 (71.9%) isolates of the O157:NM serogroup. Moreover, this gene was also present in other 17 STEC of the non-O157 serogroup. The second most prevalent adhesin was that encoded by the lpfAO157/OI-154 gene (43 isolates; 58.1%). This marker was detected in LEE-positive strains of the O157 serogroup but also in 9 LEE-negative isolates of porcine origin. Several STEC isolates tested (42 strains; 56.7%) had the efa1 gene of the Efa1 putative adhesive marker. This adhesin was almost exclusively found among eaeA-positive strains recovered from humans, food and cattle. On the other hand, iha marker was detected either in LEE-positive (29 isolates) or LEE-negative (12 strains) STEC. Only two eaeA-negative strains had the saa putative adhesive gene. These results show that STEC strains may be able to express several putative adhesins. However, further studies are needed to evaluate the role of the genes identified in the present study in the pathogenesis of human infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Tatarczak
- Department of Hygiene of Food of Animal Origin, National Veterinary Research Institute, Partyzantow 57, 24-100 Pulawy, Poland
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Cassinotti P, Schultze D, Wieczorek K, Schönenberger R, Siegl G. Parvovirus B19 infection during pregnancy and development of hydrops fetalis despite the evidence for pre-existing anti-B19 antibody: how reliable are serological results? ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1994; 2:87-94. [PMID: 15566756 DOI: 10.1016/0928-0197(94)90041-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/1993] [Revised: 11/06/1993] [Accepted: 11/08/1993] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Primary infection with human parvovirus B19 during pregnancy can lead to fetal hydrops, abortion, or stillbirth. However, reinfection in the presence of pre-existing anti-B19 antibody is generally assumed to have no significant effect on the developing fetus. OBJECTIVES To describe a case of fetal loss at 28 weeks' gestation associated with parvovirus B19 infection which took place in a 26-year-old woman despite the evidence for pre-existing anti-B19 IgG antibodies. STUDY DESIGN A nested-PCR assay for parvovirus B19 DNA was performed on maternal and fetal samples. Blood samples were tested by various enzyme immunoassays (EIA) for the presence of both anti-B19 IgM and IgG antibodies. RESULTS B19 DNA together with anti-B19 IgG antibody were detected in maternal blood at the time of intrauterine fetal demise. Amniotic fluid, chorionic villi and various fetal tissues also tested positive for viral DNA. In retrospect, presence of anti-B19 IgG antibody, but no viral DNA, was repeatedly demonstrated in maternal blood before infection took place. However, the serological results differed with the test system used. CONCLUSIONS Provided that the positive serological results are reliable, the presence of anti-B19 IgG in blood samples collected as early as four years before pregnancy neither protected the mother from reinfection not the fetus from transplacental infection with B19 virus. However, discrepant (negative) serological results were also obtained depending on the test system used. Therefore, and in the light of the possible severe consequences of B19-infection during pregnancy, the means for assessment of the significance of anti-B19 titers have to be urgently established by development of both qualitative and quantitative anti-B19 IgM and IgG standards.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Cassinotti
- Institute for Clinical Microbiology and Immunology, Frohbergstrasse 3, CH-9000 St. Gallen, Switzerland
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Kamiński P, Wieczorek K, Marianowski L. [Usefulness of hysteroscopy in diagnosing sterility]. Ginekol Pol 1992; 63:634-7. [PMID: 1305584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Sterility is a severe social problem. Using hysteroscopy, which is possible thanks to development of medical technology, seems to be an important improvement in diagnostics and therapy of sterility. The aim of this study is evaluation of the usefulness of hysteroscopy in diagnostics of sterility. There was a group of 106 women with diagnosed primary sterility and 82 women with secondary sterility. Wolf and Storz hysteroscopes were used during examinations, whereas the uterine cavity was dilated by CO2 using Wolf Metrometer 2121. During this examination a normal uterine cavity was found in most cases (32.9%). The next findings were: endometrial polyps (27.6%), intrauterine adhesions (23.4%), sub-serous myomas (14.3%), and congenital uterine abnormalities (1.5%). Comparing outcomes of hysteroscopy in both groups of sterile women, the high rate of intrauterine adhesions in the secondary sterility (43.9%) was detected. Performing hysteroscopy in patients with sterility increases considerably the range of informations about reproductive organs. Also the possibility of eye-controlled biopsy, deliberation of intrauterine adhesions or removing of endometrial polyps during endoscopic procedure increases the value of hysteroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Kamiński
- I Katedry i Kliniki Połoznictwa i Ginekologii Akademii Medycznej, Warszawie
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Kamiński P, Wieczorek K, Marianowski L. [Usefulness of hysteroscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of intrauterine adhesions]. Wiad Lek 1992; 45:824-6. [PMID: 1299040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
During hysteroscopy intrauterine adhesions were found in 96 patients in a group of women with disturbances of fertility and menstruation. The diagnosis and treatment were carried out with a Wolf hysteroscope using CO2 as the expanding gas. The purpose of the study was evaluation of the effectiveness of treatment of these adhesions by means of hysteroscopy. Normal menstrual bleeding after this treatment was achieved in 75% of the treated patients, and 51% of the patients conceived. Hysteroscopy was useful in the diagnosis, treatment and posttreatment control in cases of Asherman adhesions.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Kamiński
- II Kliniki Połoznictwa i Ginekologii II, Wydziału
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48
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Wieczorek K. [Sexual dysfunction in various gynecologic diseases]. Wiad Lek 1988; 41:563-7. [PMID: 3070957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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49
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Rajotte RV, Warnock GL, Procyshyn AW, Wieczorek K. Intrasplenic isografts of canine pancreatic islets: metabolic study. Transplant Proc 1984; 16:834-7. [PMID: 6428007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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50
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Wieczorek K, Szczepanik A, Góralski S, Skowroński J. [Effect of heparin on the course of experimental bacterial peritonitis in rabbits]. Pol Tyg Lek 1981; 36:1131-3. [PMID: 7312688] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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