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Abstract
Natural products and their synthetic derivatives gathered attention due to their pharmaceutical capacities. They have been in use against different types of diseases ranging from cancer to inflammatory disorders. In order to increase their efficacy and prevent the possible side effects, these natural compounds are manipulated at the laboratory conditions and modified according to our needs. Azulene is one of these compounds whose anti-inflammatory potential have been shown by the previous studies, but a detailed analysis of its effect at the cellular level in terms of pro-inflammatory cytokine production has not been studied yet. Moreover, its derivative potential has not been characterized extensively. In our study, we examined the cytotoxic, immunomodulatory and immunostimulatory potential of bromo- and cyano-substituted azulenes on the mammalian macrophages. These unique compounds had differential effects on the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and they were anti-inflammatory immunomodulators. Furthermore, they exerted anti-proliferative effect on breast and prostate cancer cells which supports their anti-cancer potential as well.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furkan Ayaz
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Mersin University, 33110, Mersin, Turkey.
| | - Abdulcelil Yuzer
- Advanced Technology Research & Application Center, Mersin University, Ciftlikkoy Campus, TR-33343, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Tuncay Ince
- Advanced Technology Research & Application Center, Mersin University, Ciftlikkoy Campus, TR-33343, Mersin, Turkey
| | - Mine Ince
- Department of Energy Systems Engineering Faculty of Tarsus Technology, Tarsus University, 33400, Mersin, Turkey.
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Aydın EB, Aydın M, Yuzer A, Ince M, Ocakoğlu K, Sezgintürk MK. Detection of Kallikrein-Related Peptidase 4 with a Label-free Electrochemical Impedance Biosensor Based on a Zinc(II) Phthalocyanine Tetracarboxylic Acid-Functionalized Disposable Indium Tin Oxide Electrode. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2021; 7:1192-1201. [DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.0c01602] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elif Burcu Aydın
- Scientific and Technological Research Center, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, Tekirdağ 59030, Turkey
| | - Muhammet Aydın
- Scientific and Technological Research Center, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, Tekirdağ 59030, Turkey
| | - Abdulcelil Yuzer
- Department of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Tarsus University, Mersin 33400, Turkey
| | - Mine Ince
- Department of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Tarsus University, Mersin 33400, Turkey
| | - Kasim Ocakoğlu
- Department of Natural and Mathematical Sciences, Faculty of Engineering, Tarsus University, Mersin 33400, Turkey
| | - Mustafa Kemal Sezgintürk
- Bioengineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University, Çanakkale 17100, Turkey
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3
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Önal HT, Yuzer A, Ince M, Ayaz F. Photo induced anti-inflammatory activities of a Thiophene substituted subphthalocyanine derivative. Photodiagnosis Photodyn Ther 2020; 30:101701. [PMID: 32184175 DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2020.101701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Materials that possess photo induced biological activities present opportunities for more localized, targeted and efficient treatment options that may also reduce side effects. There have been studies supporting photo induced effects of photosensitizers as anti-cancer, anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial agents. In this study, we tested photo activated anti-inflammatory effects of a Thiophene substituted subphthalocyanine (SubPc) derivative. Thiophene and its derivatives are well known for their anti-inflammatory and anti-microbial effects. There are unwanted side effects associated with Thiophene derivatives. By substituting this biologically active molecule to SubPc structure we acquired control over its activation. Upon light treatment this derivative exerted anti-inflammatory activity on the mammalian macrophages in vitro based on the substantial decrease in extracellular inflammatory cytokine levels. Our results suggest that Thiophene substituted SubPc derivative has photo induced anti-inflammatory activities. This material can be used for the treatment of patients suffering from chronic inflammation that are not associated with a bacterial burden such as autoimmune diseases and inflammatory or allergic reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harika Topal Önal
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Mersin University, Mersin, 33110, Turkey
| | - Abdulcelil Yuzer
- Advanced Technology Research & Application Center, Mersin University, Mersin, 33110, Turkey
| | - Mine Ince
- Advanced Technology Research & Application Center, Mersin University, Mersin, 33110, Turkey; Department of Energy Systems Engineering, Faculty of Technology, Tarsus University, 33400 Tarsus, Turkey.
| | - Furkan Ayaz
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Mersin University, Mersin, 33110, Turkey.
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Ayaz F, Yuzer A, Ince M. From peripherally unsubstituted subphthalocyanines with anti-inflammatory activity on macrophages to tri-iodo derivatives with adjuvant and immunostimulatory functions. J PORPHYR PHTHALOCYA 2019. [DOI: 10.1142/s1088424618501134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
In this study we evaluated the impact of iodine substitution on the ability of subphthalocyanines (SubPc) to stimulate or regulate the function of macrophages. Previous studies have focused on the usage of phthalocyanines and their derivatives as treatment options against different types of cancer. In order to obtain better prognosis rates, their possible effects on the immune system cells should be delineated. Unique subphthalocyanines were designed and synthesized by our group and a derivative was generated via iodine substitution. In our study we further tested the effects of the new Subpcs on macrophage cell lines. Macrophages play an important role in the immune system through cytokine production and antigen presentation to other types of the immune system cells. They can define the type and the strength of the immune responses against a particular danger signal. Based on pro-inflammatory cytokine (TNF[Formula: see text], IL1[Formula: see text] and IL6) production levels by macrophages, unsubstituted SubPc had anti-inflammatory properties. However, iodine substitution on the same SubPc created a completely opposite effect since these iodo-substituted SubPc exerted an immunostimulatory effect on macrophages based on significant increases in the pro-inflammatory cytokine production levels compared to the untreated controls. While SubPcs can be used to suppress the pro-inflammatory activities of the macrophages, iodine-substituted SubPcs have potentials to be used as adjuvants and immunostimulatory molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Furkan Ayaz
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Mersin University, Mersin, 33110, Turkey
| | - Abdulcelil Yuzer
- Advanced Technology Research & Application Center, Mersin University, Ciftlikkoy Campus, TR-33343 Mersin, Turkey
| | - Mine Ince
- Tarsus University, Department of Energy Systems Engineering Faculty of Tarsus Technology, 33400 Mersin, Turkey
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Ayaz F, Yuzer A, Ince M. Immunostimulatory effect of Zinc Phthalocyanine derivatives on macrophages based on the pro-inflammatory TNFα and IL1β cytokine production levels. Toxicol In Vitro 2018; 53:172-177. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2018.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 07/03/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Oluwole DO, Sarı FA, Prinsloo E, Dube E, Yuzer A, Nyokong T, Ince M. Photophysicochemical properties and photodynamic therapy activity of highly water-soluble Zn(II) phthalocyanines. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2018; 203:236-243. [PMID: 29870908 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2018.05.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2018] [Revised: 05/22/2018] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
The syntheses of two zinc(II) phthalocyanines (ZnPcs) having either imidazole (ZnPc 1) or pyridiloxy (ZnPc 2) moieties as their macrocycle substituents are reported. Quaternization of the ZnPcs with methyl iodide afforded water soluble cationic phthalocyanines. The photophysical, photochemical properties and photodynamic therapy (PDT) activity of the ZnPcs were studied in solution. The fluorescence quantum yield and lifetime of ZnPc 1 were higher as compared to ZnPc 2. ZnPc 2 afforded higher triplet state (ΦT) and singlet oxygen quantum yields (ΦΔ) in comparison to ZnPc 1. The PDT activity of ZnPcs was investigated against human breast adenocarcinoma cells (MCF-7). The two compounds afforded a very minimal in vitro dark cytotoxicity with 85% viable cells at concentration ≤80 μM. On irradiation of the cells having the ZnPcs, ≥50% cell death was recorded for ZnPc 1 which was also evidenced by the cells photo-micrograph.
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Affiliation(s)
- David O Oluwole
- Centre for Nanotechnology Innovation, Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
| | - Fatma Aslıhan Sarı
- Advanced Technology Research & Application Center, Mersin University, Ciftlikkoy Campus, TR-33343 Mersin, Turkey
| | - Earl Prinsloo
- Biotechnology Innovation Centre, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
| | - Edith Dube
- Centre for Nanotechnology Innovation, Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa
| | - Abdulcelil Yuzer
- Advanced Technology Research & Application Center, Mersin University, Ciftlikkoy Campus, TR-33343 Mersin, Turkey
| | - Tebello Nyokong
- Centre for Nanotechnology Innovation, Department of Chemistry, Rhodes University, Grahamstown 6140, South Africa.
| | - Mine Ince
- Advanced Technology Research & Application Center, Mersin University, Ciftlikkoy Campus, TR-33343 Mersin, Turkey; Department of Energy Systems Engineering, Mersin University, Tarsus Faculty of Technology, 33480 Mersin, Turkey.
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Buber E, Yuzer A, Soylemez S, Kesik M, Ince M, Toppare L. Construction and amperometric biosensing performance of a novel platform containing carbon nanotubes-zinc phthalocyanine and a conducting polymer. Int J Biol Macromol 2017; 96:61-69. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2016.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2016] [Revised: 12/08/2016] [Accepted: 12/08/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Abstract
A series of symmetrically substituted subphthalocyanine derivatives with diverse substituent such as electron-donating or electron-withdrawing moieties at the peripheral position have been synthesized and their photophysical and electrochemical properties have been investigated. Solution-processed bulk heterojunction (BHJ) organic solar cells using SubPc derivatives as electron donor and fullerene derivative PCBM as an electron acceptor in the active layer were fabricated and characterized to evaluate the photovoltaic behavior of these molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatma Aslıhan Sarı
- Advanced Technology Research & Application Center, Mersin University, Ciftlikkoy Campus, TR-33343 Mersin, Turkey
| | - Abdulcelil Yuzer
- Advanced Technology Research & Application Center, Mersin University, Ciftlikkoy Campus, TR-33343 Mersin, Turkey
| | - Werther Cambarau
- Institut Català d’Investigació Química Av. Països Catalans 16, 43007 Tarragona, Spain
| | - Mine Ince
- Advanced Technology Research & Application Center, Mersin University, Ciftlikkoy Campus, TR-33343 Mersin, Turkey
- Mersin University, Department of Energy Systems Engineering Faculty of Tarsus Technology, 33480 Mersin, Turkey
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