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Birke JB, Jern P, Johansson A, Bondü R. Links between Aggressive Sexual Fantasies and Sexual Coercion: A Replication and Extension of a Multifactorial Model. Arch Sex Behav 2024; 53:1047-1063. [PMID: 38233725 PMCID: PMC10920420 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-023-02782-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Revised: 12/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Current research indicates that aggressive sexual fantasies (ASF) are related to sexual aggression, above and beyond other risk factors for this behavior. There have, however, rarely been explicitly considered in multifactor models aiming to explain sexual aggression. One exception is the multifactorial Revised Confluence Model of Sexual Aggression that was replicated in two samples of male individuals who were convicted of sexual offenses and a small sample of men from the general population and evidenced a high relevance of ASF, respectively. There were, however, no further attempts to replicate the model in larger samples from the general population. We, therefore, used a subsample from the Finnish Genetics of Sexuality and Aggression project including 3269 men (age: M = 26.17 years, SD = 4.76) to do so. Cross-sectional latent structural equation models corroborated previous research and the assumption that ASF are a central component in multifactor models that aim to explain sexual aggression: ASF and antisocial behavior/aggression were equally important associates of sexual coercion when also considering adverse childhood experiences, hypersexuality, and callous-unemotional traits. Additionally, ASF mediated the links between hypersexuality, callous-unemotional traits, as well as childhood sexual abuse and sexual coercion. These links held stable when entering further risk factors, that is, distorted perceptions, rape-supportive attitudes, and violent pornography consumption into the model. Contrasting assumptions, alcohol consumption and antisocial behavior/aggression did not interact. These results illustrate the potential importance of ASF for sexual aggression. They indicate that ASF require consideration by research on sexual aggression as well as in the treatment and risk assessment of sexual perpetrators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Bernhard Birke
- Department of Psychology, Psychologische Hochschule Berlin, Am Köllnischen Park 2, 10179, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Patrick Jern
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Abo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Ada Johansson
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Abo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Rebecca Bondü
- Department of Psychology, Psychologische Hochschule Berlin, Am Köllnischen Park 2, 10179, Berlin, Germany
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2
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Liu L, Shen L, Johansson A, Cao Y, Balter J, Vitzthum L, Xing L. Real Time Volumetric MRI for MR-Guided 3D Motion Tracking via Sparse Prior-Augmented Neural Representation Learning. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2023; 117:S47-S48. [PMID: 37784506 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2023.06.327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/04/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S) To reconstruct volumetric MRI from orthogonal cine acquisition aided by sparse priors of 2 static 3D MRI through implicit neural representation (NeRP) learning, with the goal of eliminating large-scale training datasets for data-driven sparse MRI reconstruction and supporting clinical workflow of real time 3D motion tracking during MR-guided radiotherapy. MATERIALS/METHODS A multi-layer perceptron network was trained to learn the NeRP of a patient-specific MRI dataset, where the network takes 4D data coordinates of voxel locations and motion states as inputs and outputs corresponding voxel intensities. By first learning the NeRP of 2 static 3D MRI with different breathing motion states, prior knowledge of patient breathing motion was embedded into network weights through optimization. The prior knowledge was then augmented from 2 to 31 motion states by querying the optimized network at interpolated/extrapolated motion state coordinates. Starting from the prior-augmented network as an initialization point, the network was further trained using sparse samples of 2 orthogonal cine slices. The final volumetric reconstruction was obtained by querying the trained network at desired 3D spatial locations. We evaluated the proposed method using 5-minute volumetric MRI time series with 340 ms temporal resolution collected from 7 liver carcinoma patients. The time series was acquired using golden-angle radial MRI sequence and reconstructed through retrospective sorting. Two MRI with inhale and exhale states respectively were selected from the first 30 sec of the time series for prior embedding and augmentation. The remaining 4.5-min time series was used for volumetric reconstruction evaluation, where we retrospectively subsampled each MRI to 2 orthogonal slices and compared network-reconstructed images to ground truth images in terms of image quality and the capability of supporting 3D target motion tracking. RESULTS Across the 7 patients evaluated, the peak signal to noise ratio between model reconstruction and ground truth was 54.66 ± 6.16 dB and the structural similarity index measure was 0.99 ± 0.01. Gross tumor volume (GTV) contours estimated by deforming a reference state MRI to model-reconstructed and ground truth MRI showed good consistency. The 95-percentile Hausdorff distance between GTV contours was 1.89 ± 1.13 mm, which is less than the voxel dimension. The mean GTV centroid position difference between ground truth and model estimation was less than 1 mm in all 3 orthogonal directions. CONCLUSION Volumetric MRI from orthogonal cine acquisition with sparse priors is feasible by modeling prior knowledge through implicit neural representation learning. The model-reconstructed images showed sufficient accuracy in supporting 3D motion tracking of abdominal targets. By eliminating the need for large scale training datasets, the method promises to enable clinical implementation of 3D motion tracking for precision radiation therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Liu
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - L Shen
- Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | | | - Y Cao
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - J Balter
- Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI
| | - L Vitzthum
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
| | - L Xing
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA
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Paarnio M, Sandman N, Källström M, Johansson A, Jern P. The Prevalence of BDSM in Finland and the Association between BDSM Interest and Personality Traits. J Sex Res 2023; 60:443-451. [PMID: 34994669 DOI: 10.1080/00224499.2021.2015745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
According to previous research, interest in BDSM (Bondage-Discipline, Dominance-Submission and Sadomasochism) activities is high in several European countries and various BDSM practices are not uncommon. There is a limited amount of research on the personalities of BDSM practitioners, but in previous research practitioners have been found to have better overall well-being and to be more educated than the general population. The current study explored the prevalence of BDSM interest and practice in a Finnish sample (n = 8,137, age range 18-60, M = 30.14, SD = 8.08) and investigated the association between BDSM interest and personality measured with the six-factor personality measure HEXACO. A total of 38% of the sample was interested in BDSM sex and non-heterosexual individuals displayed almost twice as much interest and at most 83% more participation in BDSM than heterosexual individuals. Younger participants (18-28 years old) displayed almost three times as much interest than older participants. There were some associations between BDSM interest and personality factors, but the effect sizes of these associations were modest. The study shows that BDSM interest is quite common among the Finnish population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Paarnio
- Department of Psychology and Speech-language Pathology, University of Turku
- Department of Psychology, University of Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - Nils Sandman
- Department of Psychology and Speech-language Pathology, University of Turku
| | - Marianne Källström
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Psychology and Theology, Åbo Akademi University
| | - Ada Johansson
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Psychology and Theology, Åbo Akademi University
| | - Patrick Jern
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Psychology and Theology, Åbo Akademi University
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Oginni OA, Lim KX, Purves KL, Lu Y, Johansson A, Jern P, Rijsdijk FV. Causal Influences of Same-Sex Attraction on Psychological Distress and Risky Sexual Behaviors: Evidence for Bidirectional Effects. Arch Sex Behav 2023; 52:1213-1228. [PMID: 36331682 PMCID: PMC10102149 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-022-02455-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Although health disparities among same-sex attracted compared to heterosexual individuals are typically explained by minority stress, there is limited evidence for a causal effect. This study investigated whether same-sex attraction was causally associated with psychological distress and risky sexual behavior using sociosexual behavior as a proxy. The sample comprised monozygotic and dizygotic twins and their non-twin siblings (n = 2036, 3780 and 2356, respectively) genotyped and assessed for same-sex attraction, psychological distress (anxiety and depressive symptoms), and risky sexual behavior. Causal influences were investigated with same-sex attraction as the predictor and psychological distress and risky sexual behavior as the outcomes in two separate Mendelian Randomization-Direction of Causation (MRDoC) models using OpenMx in R. The MRDoC model improves on the Mendelian Randomization and Direction of Causation twin models by allowing analyses of variables with similar genetic architectures, incorporating polygenic scores as instrumental variables and specifying pleiotropy and residual covariance. There were significant causal influences flowing from same-sex attraction to psychological distress and risky sexual behavior (standardized coefficients = 0.13 and 0.16; 95% CIs 0.03-0.23 and 0.08-0.25, respectively). Further analyses also demonstrated causal influences flowing from psychological distress and risky sexual behavior toward same-sex attraction. Causal influences from same-sex attraction to psychological distress and risky sexual behavior may reflect minority stress, which reinforces ongoing measures to minimize social disparities. Causal influences flowing in the opposite direction may reflect rejection sensitivity, stigma-inducing outcomes of risky sexual behavior, and recall bias; however, further research is required to specifically investigate these processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olakunle Ayokunmi Oginni
- The Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AF, UK.
- Department of Mental Health, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
| | - Kai Xiang Lim
- The Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Kirstin Lee Purves
- The Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Psychiatry Genomic Institute, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ada Johansson
- Department of Psychology, Åbo Akademi University, Åbo, Finland
| | - Patrick Jern
- Department of Psychology, Åbo Akademi University, Åbo, Finland
| | - Frühling Vesta Rijsdijk
- The Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AF, UK
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5
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Dotterer HL, Vazquez AY, Hyde LW, Neumann CS, Santtila P, Pezzoli P, Johansson A, Burt SA. Elucidating the role of negative parenting in the genetic v. environmental influences on adult psychopathic traits. Psychol Med 2023; 53:897-907. [PMID: 37132644 PMCID: PMC9976022 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291721002269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Psychopathic traits involve interpersonal manipulation, callous affect, erratic lifestyle, and antisocial behavior. Though adult psychopathic traits emerge from both genetic and environmental risk, no studies have examined etiologic associations between adult psychopathic traits and experiences of parenting in childhood, or the extent to which parenting practices may impact the heritability of adult psychopathic traits using a genetically-informed design. METHODS In total, 1842 adult twins from the community reported their current psychopathic traits and experiences of negative parenting during childhood. We fit bivariate genetic models to the data, decomposing the variance within, and the covariance between, psychopathic traits and perceived negative parenting into their genetic and environmental components. We then fit a genotype × environment interaction model to evaluate whether negative parenting moderated the etiology of psychopathic traits. RESULTS Psychopathic traits were moderately heritable with substantial non-shared environmental influences. There were significant associations between perceived negative parenting and three of four psychopathy facets (interpersonal manipulation, erratic lifestyle, antisocial tendencies, but not callous affect). These associations were attributable to a common non-shared environmental pathway and not to overlapping genetic effects. Additionally, we found that primarily shared environmental influences were stronger on psychopathic traits for individuals with a history of greater negative parenting. CONCLUSIONS Utilizing a genetically-informed design, we found that both genetic and non-shared environmental factors contribute to the emergence of psychopathic traits. Moreover, perceptions of negative parenting emerged as a clear environmental influence on the development of interpersonal, lifestyle, and antisocial features of psychopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Luke W. Hyde
- Department of Psychology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
- Survey Research Center of the Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Craig S. Neumann
- Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, Denton, TX, USA
| | - Pekka Santtila
- NYU-ECNU Institute for Social Development, NYU Shanghai, Shanghai, China
| | - Patrizia Pezzoli
- Institute of Mental Health Research, University of Ottawa, Ontario, CA, Canada
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Ada Johansson
- Faculty of Arts, Psychology, and Theology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - S. Alexandra Burt
- Department of Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA
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6
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Tielbeek JJ, Uffelmann E, Williams BS, Colodro-Conde L, Gagnon É, Mallard TT, Levitt BE, Jansen PR, Johansson A, Sallis HM, Pistis G, Saunders GRB, Allegrini AG, Rimfeld K, Konte B, Klein M, Hartmann AM, Salvatore JE, Nolte IM, Demontis D, Malmberg ALK, Burt SA, Savage JE, Sugden K, Poulton R, Harris KM, Vrieze S, McGue M, Iacono WG, Mota NR, Mill J, Viana JF, Mitchell BL, Morosoli JJ, Andlauer TFM, Ouellet-Morin I, Tremblay RE, Côté SM, Gouin JP, Brendgen MR, Dionne G, Vitaro F, Lupton MK, Martin NG, Castelao E, Räikkönen K, Eriksson JG, Lahti J, Hartman CA, Oldehinkel AJ, Snieder H, Liu H, Preisig M, Whipp A, Vuoksimaa E, Lu Y, Jern P, Rujescu D, Giegling I, Palviainen T, Kaprio J, Harden KP, Munafò MR, Morneau-Vaillancourt G, Plomin R, Viding E, Boutwell BB, Aliev F, Dick DM, Popma A, Faraone SV, Børglum AD, Medland SE, Franke B, Boivin M, Pingault JB, Glennon JC, Barnes JC, Fisher SE, Moffitt TE, Caspi A, Polderman TJC, Posthuma D. Uncovering the genetic architecture of broad antisocial behavior through a genome-wide association study meta-analysis. Mol Psychiatry 2022; 27:4453-4463. [PMID: 36284158 PMCID: PMC10902879 DOI: 10.1038/s41380-022-01793-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2022] [Revised: 08/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
Despite the substantial heritability of antisocial behavior (ASB), specific genetic variants robustly associated with the trait have not been identified. The present study by the Broad Antisocial Behavior Consortium (BroadABC) meta-analyzed data from 28 discovery samples (N = 85,359) and five independent replication samples (N = 8058) with genotypic data and broad measures of ASB. We identified the first significant genetic associations with broad ASB, involving common intronic variants in the forkhead box protein P2 (FOXP2) gene (lead SNP rs12536335, p = 6.32 × 10-10). Furthermore, we observed intronic variation in Foxp2 and one of its targets (Cntnap2) distinguishing a mouse model of pathological aggression (BALB/cJ strain) from controls (BALB/cByJ strain). Polygenic risk score (PRS) analyses in independent samples revealed that the genetic risk for ASB was associated with several antisocial outcomes across the lifespan, including diagnosis of conduct disorder, official criminal convictions, and trajectories of antisocial development. We found substantial genetic correlations of ASB with mental health (depression rg = 0.63, insomnia rg = 0.47), physical health (overweight rg = 0.19, waist-to-hip ratio rg = 0.32), smoking (rg = 0.54), cognitive ability (intelligence rg = -0.40), educational attainment (years of schooling rg = -0.46) and reproductive traits (age at first birth rg = -0.58, father's age at death rg = -0.54). Our findings provide a starting point toward identifying critical biosocial risk mechanisms for the development of ASB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorim J Tielbeek
- Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1105, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Emil Uffelmann
- Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1105, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Benjamin S Williams
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Trinity College of Arts and Sciences, Duke University, 2020 West Main Street, Durham, NC, 27705, USA
| | - Lucía Colodro-Conde
- Psychiatric Genetics, Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Éloi Gagnon
- Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment, École de psychologie, Université Laval, 2523 Allée des Bibliothèques, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Travis T Mallard
- Psychiatric and Neurodevelopmental Genetics Unit, Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Brandt E Levitt
- Carolina Population Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 123 Franklin St, Chapel Hill, NC, 27516, USA
| | - Philip R Jansen
- Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1105, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ada Johansson
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Psychology, and Theology, Åbo Akademi University, Tuomiokirkontori 3, FI-20500, Turku, Finland
| | - Hannah M Sallis
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Oakfield Road, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Giorgio Pistis
- Center for Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Route de Cery 25, CH-1008, Prilly, Vaud, Switzerland
| | - Gretchen R B Saunders
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, 75 E. River Road, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Andrea G Allegrini
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, DeCrespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Kaili Rimfeld
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, DeCrespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Bettina Konte
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Marieke Klein
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Groteplein 10, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Annette M Hartmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Jessica E Salvatore
- Department of Psychiatry, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ, USA
| | - Ilja M Nolte
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ditte Demontis
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, 8000, Aarhus C, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Anni L K Malmberg
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 3, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - Jeanne E Savage
- Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1105, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Karen Sugden
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Trinity College of Arts and Sciences, Duke University, 2020 West Main Street, Durham, NC, 27705, USA
| | - Richie Poulton
- Dunedin Multidisciplinary Health and Development Research Unit, Department of Psychology, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Kathleen Mullan Harris
- Department of Sociology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB# 3210, 201 Hamilton Hall, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - Scott Vrieze
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, 75 E. River Road, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Matt McGue
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, 75 E. River Road, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - William G Iacono
- Department of Psychology, University of Minnesota, 75 E. River Road, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA
| | - Nina Roth Mota
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Groteplein 10, 6500 HB, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Jonathan Mill
- University of Exeter Medical School, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Joana F Viana
- The Institute of Metabolism and Systems Research (IMSR), University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, UK
| | - Brittany L Mitchell
- Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Jose J Morosoli
- Psychiatric Genetics, Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Till F M Andlauer
- Department of Neurology, Technical University of Munich, 22 Ismaninger St., 81675, Munich, Germany
| | - Isabelle Ouellet-Morin
- Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment, École de criminologie, Université of Montreal, 3150 Rue Jean-Brillant, Montreal, QC, H3T 1N8, Canada
| | - Richard E Tremblay
- Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment, Département de pédiatrie et de psychologie, University of Montreal, 90 Avenue Vincent d'Indy, Montreal, QC, H2V 2S9, Canada
| | - Sylvana M Côté
- Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment, CHU Ste-Justine Research Center and Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Montreal, 3175 Chemin de la Côte Ste-Catherine, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Jean-Philippe Gouin
- Department of Psychology, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke St. West, Montreal, QC, H4B 1R6, Canada
| | - Mara R Brendgen
- Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment, Département de psychologie, Université du Québec à Montréal, CP 8888 succursale Centre-ville, Montreal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada
| | - Ginette Dionne
- Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment, École de psychologie, Université Laval, 2523 Allée des Bibliothèques, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Frank Vitaro
- Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment, CHU Sainte-Justine Research Center and University of Montreal, 3175 Chemin de la Côte Ste-Catherine, Montreal, QC, H3T 1C5, Canada
| | - Michelle K Lupton
- Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Nicholas G Martin
- Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Enrique Castelao
- Center for Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Route de Cery 25, CH-1008, Prilly, Vaud, Switzerland
| | - Katri Räikkönen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 3, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Johan G Eriksson
- Department of General Practice and Primary Health Care, University of Helsinki, Tukholmankatu 8 B, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jari Lahti
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, University of Helsinki, Haartmaninkatu 3, 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Catharina A Hartman
- Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation (ICPE), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Albertine J Oldehinkel
- Interdisciplinary Center Psychopathology and Emotion Regulation (ICPE), University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Harold Snieder
- Department of Epidemiology, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9700 RB, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Hexuan Liu
- School of Criminal Justice, University of Cincinnati, 2840 Bearcat Way, Cincinnati, OH, 45221, USA
| | - Martin Preisig
- Center for Psychiatric Epidemiology and Psychopathology, Department of Psychiatry, Lausanne University Hospital and University of Lausanne, Route de Cery 25, CH-1008, Prilly, Vaud, Switzerland
| | - Alyce Whipp
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, PO Box 4, (Yliopistonkatu 3), 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Eero Vuoksimaa
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, PO Box 4, (Yliopistonkatu 3), 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Yi Lu
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Nobels Väg 12A, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Patrick Jern
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Psychology, and Theology, Åbo Akademi University, Tuomiokirkontori 3, FI-20500, Turku, Finland
| | - Dan Rujescu
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Ina Giegling
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Teemu Palviainen
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, PO Box 4, (Yliopistonkatu 3), 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jaakko Kaprio
- Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), HiLIFE, University of Helsinki, PO Box 4, (Yliopistonkatu 3), 00014, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Kathryn Paige Harden
- Department of Psychology and Population Research Center, University of Texas at Austin, 108 E Dean Keeton Stop #A8000, Austin, TX, 78712, USA
| | - Marcus R Munafò
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, University of Bristol, Oakfield Road, Bristol, BS8 2BN, UK
| | - Geneviève Morneau-Vaillancourt
- Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment, École de psychologie, Université Laval, 2523 Allée des Bibliothèques, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Robert Plomin
- Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, DeCrespigny Park, Denmark Hill, London, SE5 8AF, UK
| | - Essi Viding
- Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, London, UK
| | - Brian B Boutwell
- School of Applied Sciences, University of Mississippi, John D. Bower School of Population Health, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 84 Dormitory Row West, University, MS, 38677, USA
| | - Fazil Aliev
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Box 842018, 806W Franklin St, Richmond, VA, 23284, USA
| | - Danielle M Dick
- Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Box 842018, 806W Franklin St, Richmond, VA, 23284, USA
| | - Arne Popma
- Amsterdam UMC, VKC Psyche, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry & Psychosocial Care, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Stephen V Faraone
- Department of Psychiatry, SUNY Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY, USA
| | - Anders D Børglum
- iPSYCH, The Lundbeck Foundation Initiative for Integrative Psychiatric Research, 8000, Aarhus C, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Sarah E Medland
- Psychiatric Genetics, Department of Genetics and Computational Biology, QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, 300 Herston Road, Herston, Brisbane, QLD, 4006, Australia
| | - Barbara Franke
- Department of Human Genetics, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaivour, Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein 10, 6525 GA, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Michel Boivin
- Research Unit on Children's Psychosocial Maladjustment, École de psychologie, Université Laval, 2523 Allée des Bibliothèques, Quebec City, QC, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Jean-Baptiste Pingault
- Department of Clinical, Educational and Health Psychology, University College London, London, UK
| | - Jeffrey C Glennon
- Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - J C Barnes
- School of Criminal Justice, University of Cincinnati, 2840 Bearcat Way, Cincinnati, OH, 45221, USA
| | - Simon E Fisher
- Language and Genetics Department, Max Planck Institute for Psycholinguistics, Wundtlaan 1, 6525 XD, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Terrie E Moffitt
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Trinity College of Arts and Sciences, Duke University, 2020 West Main Street, Durham, NC, 27705, USA
| | - Avshalom Caspi
- Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, Trinity College of Arts and Sciences, Duke University, 2020 West Main Street, Durham, NC, 27705, USA
| | - Tinca J C Polderman
- Amsterdam UMC, VKC Psyche, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry & Psychosocial Care, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Danielle Posthuma
- Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research, Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1105, 1081 HV, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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7
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Wang C, Johansson A, Almqvist C, Hernández-Díaz S, Öberg S. P–724 The association between use of assisted reproductive techniques and childhood asthma: a Swedish nationwide register-based cohort study. Hum Reprod 2021. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deab130.723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Study question
Are the previously reported greater risks of childhood asthma in children conceived by assisted reproductive techniques due to the intervention or unmeasured parental confounding?
Summary answer
After accounting for both measured and unmeasured parental factors we found no indication that the use of assisted reproductive techniques increases children’s risk of asthma.
What is known already
Several earlier studies have reported a higher risk of childhood asthma among children conceived by ART. However, only one previous study has attempted a sibling comparison to account for infertility as well as parental background factors, and their findings need to be replicated. Little is thus known on what underlies the higher risk of childhood asthma.
Study design, size, duration
In this nationwide register-based cohort, we identified all 1,671,532 live births between 1997 and 2013 in the Swedish Medical Birth Register (MBR) and followed them to the end of 2018.
Participants/materials, setting, methods
Infertility and ART use were ascertained from IVF clinic reporting, clinical diagnosis, and maternal self-report during the first antenatal visit. Childhood asthma was identified from diagnosis in hospitalization and outpatient specialist care records, and dispensations of asthma medication. Cox proportional hazard regression was used to estimate the association of ART and asthma in the population, in children of couples with known infertility, and in a sample of siblings conceived with and without ART (differentially exposed).
Main results and the role of chance
Of the 1,671,532 live births in the cohort, 11.7% were born to couples with known infertility, and 3.5% were conceived with ART. Compared with all other children, children conceived by ART had a small, elevated risk of asthma (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR)=1.14, 95% Confidence interval (CI) 1.11 to 1.16). When the comparison was restricted to children of couples with known infertility the difference in risk was even smaller (aHR=1.07, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.10), and in the comparison of siblings conceived with and without ART no difference in risk was seen (aHR=0.98, 95% CI 0.86 to 1.13). Among children conceived with ART, those in which intra-cytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) had been used had a slightly lower risk of asthma (aHR=0.93, 95% CI 0.90 to 0.97), and no difference in risk was seen between use of fresh and frozen-thawed embryo transfer.
Limitations, reasons for caution
Sibling comparison is sensitive to potential misclassification, unmeasured confounding and carryover effects, so should be interpreted with this in mind. Differences in treatment implementation across time and settings could affect the ability to extrapolate the conclusions to another clinical context (where e.g., single-embryo transfer policy is not implemented).
Wider implications of the findings: This study found a modestly elevated risk of asthma in children conceived with ART to be largely explained by confounding from parental background factors. There were further no indications of adverse influence from increasingly utilized ART procedures such as ICSI or embryo-freezing, with respect to asthma in childhood.
Trial registration number
Not applicable
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Affiliation(s)
- C Wang
- Karolinska Institutet, Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Johansson
- Karolinska Institutet, Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - C Almqvist
- Karolinska Institutet, Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Stockholm, Sweden
- Karolinska University Hospital, Astrid Lindgren Children’s Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - S Hernández-Díaz
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Epidemiology, Boston, USA
| | - S Öberg
- Karolinska Institutet, Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Stockholm, Sweden
- Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Epidemiology, Boston, USA
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8
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Dar H, Johansson A, Nordensköljd A, Iftimi A, Yau C, Perez-Tenorio G, Benz C, Nordenskjöld B, Stål O, Esserman L, Fornander T, Lindström L. 6P 25-year survival and benefit from tamoxifen therapy by the clinically used breast cancer markers in lymph node-negative and ER-positive/HER2-negative breast cancer. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.03.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
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9
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Johansson A, Dar H, Van ‘T Veer L, Perez-Tenorio G, Nordenskjöld A, Yau C, Benz C, Esserman L, Stål O, Nordenskjöld B, Fornander T, Lindström L. LBA1 20-year benefit of endocrine therapy in premenopausal breast cancer patients by the 70-gene risk signature. Ann Oncol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2021.03.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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10
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de Boniface J, Szulkin R, Johansson A. Survival after breast conservation versus mastectomy adjusted for comorbidity and socioeconomic status: national 6-year follow-up on 48986 women. Breast 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-9776(21)00215-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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11
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Johansson A, Rötkönen N, Jern P. Is the association between childhood maltreatment and aggressive behavior mediated by hostile attribution bias in women? A discordant twin and sibling study. Aggress Behav 2021; 47:28-37. [PMID: 32853475 PMCID: PMC7754152 DOI: 10.1002/ab.21928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the mechanisms behind aggressive behavior (AGG) is vital so that effective prevention and intervention strategies can be developed. Maltreated children are hypothesized to be prone to social information processing biases, such as hostile attribution bias (HAB), which, in turn, may increase the likelihood of behaving aggressively. The first aim of the present study was to replicate findings regarding associations between childhood maltreatment (CM), HAB, and aggression in a population-based sample of Finnish female twins and their sisters (N = 2,167). However, these associations might not be causal but instead confounded by familial factors, shared between the variables. The second aim was, thus, to test the associations when potential confounding by familial (genetic or common environmental) effects were controlled for using a multilevel discordant twin and sibling design within (a) 379 pairs of twins (npairs = 239) or siblings (npairs = 140), and (b) within the 131 monozygotic (MZ) twin pairs. Consistent with previous studies, HAB mediated the association between CM and AGG when familial confounding was uncontrolled. No support was found for the mediation when controlling for familial confounding. Between-pair associations were found between CM and AGG, and between CM and HAB. In addition, within-pair associations were found between HAB and AGG, and between CM and AGG, however, these were nonsignificant in the discordant MZ analysis, offering the most stringent control of familial confounding. The results indicate the necessity of taking familial confounding into account when investigating the development of AGG.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ada Johansson
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Psychology and Theology Åbo Akademi University Turku Finland
| | - Nicola Rötkönen
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Psychology and Theology Åbo Akademi University Turku Finland
| | - Patrick Jern
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Psychology and Theology Åbo Akademi University Turku Finland
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12
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Zhuravleva ZD, Johansson A, Jern P. Erectile Dysfunction in Young Men: Testosterone, Androgenic Polymorphisms, and Comorbidity With Premature Ejaculation Symptoms. J Sex Med 2020; 18:265-274. [PMID: 33243692 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2020.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2020] [Revised: 10/09/2020] [Accepted: 10/26/2020] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The association between erectile dysfunction (ED), free testosterone (T), and androgenic genetic polymorphisms is still unclear. As most studies in the field have focused on older (>40 y.o.) men, data from young men is scarce. In addition, the clinically observed comorbidity between ED and premature ejaculation (PE) has not been explained. AIM The aim of the present study was 3-fold: to assess in a sample of young men (1) the association between ED and T; (2) the role of androgenic genetic polymorphisms in the aforementioned association; and (3) comorbidity between ED and PE symptoms. METHODS Statistical analyses were performed on a population-based sample of 2,302 Finnish men, (Mage = 26.8 years). Hormone samples were available from 317 men, and genotype information was available from a minimum of 1,144 men depending on genetic locus. For twin analyses, the sample contained 533 male individuals from opposite-sex fraternal twin pairs, 491 identical male individuals (110 complete pairs), 493 male individuals from male fraternal twin pairs (92 complete pairs), and 658 siblings of twins. OUTCOMES The main outcome measure includes association between levels of salivary T and ED, main effects of the androgen-related genetic polymorphisms on ED scores. Bivariate twin models of PE and ED were fitted to elucidate possible shared etiology. RESULTS We found no significant association between T levels and ED and no significant main effects of the androgenic genetic polymorphisms on ED. We found no evidence suggesting that any of the genetic polymorphisms would moderate the association between T and ED symptoms. We found shared unique environmental influences between PE and ED (rE = .28). CLINICAL TRANSLATION Obtained data suggest that ED has T-independent causes and that any comorbidity between PE and ED is not explained by a set of genes affecting both phenotypes. STRENGTHS & LIMITATIONS First, the sample size for both parts of the study was relatively small, which may make some statistical analyses underpowered. Furthermore, as the sample was a population-based sample of relatively young men, the number of clinically relevant ED cases was low. Second, some concerns about T derived from saliva exist because saliva sampling comes with increased risks of error particularly because saliva samples are more vulnerable to contamination. CONCLUSION We found no significant association between free T levels, androgenic genetic polymorphisms, and ED in the younger age cohort. Twin analysis suggested a common nonshared environmental component in PE and ED. Zhuravleva1 ZD, Johansson A, Jern P. Erectile Dysfunction in Young Men: Testosterone, Androgenic Polymorphisms, and Comorbidity With Premature Ejaculation Symptoms. J Sex Med 2021;18:265-274.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoia D Zhuravleva
- Department of Fundamental and Applied Research, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.
| | - Ada Johansson
- Department of Psychology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Patrick Jern
- Department of Psychology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
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13
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André C, Holsti C, Svenner A, Oikonomou I, Sackey H, Appelgren M, Johansson A, de Boniface J. Oncoplastic breast-conserving surgery offers low local recurrence rates and excellent survival rates despite worse tumor characteristics. Eur J Cancer 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(20)30595-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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14
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Johansson A, Huhtamäki A, Sainio M, Kaljonen A, Boivin M, Salmivalli C. Heritability of Bullying and Victimization in Children and Adolescents: Moderation by the KiVa Antibullying Program. J Clin Child Adolesc Psychol 2020; 51:505-514. [PMID: 32175773 DOI: 10.1080/15374416.2020.1731820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Bullying affects approximately a quarter of schoolchildren and is associated with numerous adverse outcomes. Although distinct risk factors for bullying and victimization have been identified, few studies have investigated the genetic and environmental underpinnings of bullying and victimization. The aims of this study were twofold: first, to examine the contributions of genetic and environmental factors to bullying and victimization, and second, to analyze whether the KiVa antibullying program moderated the magnitude of these contributions by comparing estimates derived from the KiVa versus control groups.Method: The sample comprised students from schools that participated in the evaluation of the KiVa antibullying program in Finland during 2007-2009. Bullying and victimization were measured using peer nominations by classmates. The sample for the twin analyses comprised of 447 twins (107 monozygotic and 340 dizygotic twins) aged 7-15.Results: Genetic contributions accounted for 62% and 77% of the variance in bullying and in victimization at pre-intervention, respectively. There was a post-intervention difference in the overall role of genetic and environmental contributions between the intervention and the control group for bullying and victimization, with non-shared environmental effects playing a lesser role (and genes a larger role) in the intervention than in the control group context.Conclusions: This study replicates previous findings on the genetic underpinnings of both bullying and victimization, and indicates that a school-based antibullying program reduces the role of non-shared environmental factors in bullying and victimization. The results indicate that prevention and intervention efforts need to target both environmental and (heritable) individual level factors to maximize effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ada Johansson
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Psychology and Theology, Åbo Akademi University.,Department of Psychology and Speech-Language Pathology, University of Turku
| | - Anne Huhtamäki
- Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Psychology and Theology, Åbo Akademi University
| | - Miia Sainio
- Department of Psychology and Speech-Language Pathology, University of Turku
| | - Anne Kaljonen
- Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Turku
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15
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Menter T, Tzankov A, Zucca E, Kimby E, Vanazzi A, Østenstad B, Mey U, Rauch D, Wahlin B, Hitz F, Hernberg M, Johansson A, de Nully Brown P, Hagberg H, Hawle H, Hayoz S, Dirnhofer S. PROGNOSTIC IMPLICATIONS OF THE MICROENVIRONMENT IN FOLLICULAR LYMPHOMA UNDER RITUXIMAB AND RITUXIMAB+LENALIDOMIDE THERAPY. A TRANSLATIONAL STUDY OF THE SAKK35/10 TRIAL. Hematol Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.107_2629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. Menter
- Institute of Pathology and Medical Genetics; University Hospital Basel; Basel Switzerland
| | - A. Tzankov
- Institute of Pathology and Medical Genetics; University Hospital Basel; Basel Switzerland
| | - E. Zucca
- Division of Medical Oncology; Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland; Bellinzona Switzerland
| | - E. Kimby
- Division of Hematology; Department of Medicine at Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
| | - A. Vanazzi
- Clinical Haemato-Oncology; Istituto Europeo di Oncologia; Milan Italy
| | - B. Østenstad
- Department of Oncology; Oslo University Hospital; Oslo Norway
| | - U.J. Mey
- Medical Oncology and Hematology; Kantonsspital Graubünden; Chur Switzerland
| | - D. Rauch
- Division of Oncology; Spital Thun Simmenthal; Thun Switzerland
| | - B. Wahlin
- Division of Hematology; Department of Medicine at Huddinge, Karolinska Institutet; Stockholm Sweden
| | - F. Hitz
- Oncology/Hematology; Kantonsspital St.Gallen; St. Gallen Switzerland
| | - M. Hernberg
- Department of Oncology; Comprehensive Cancer Center, Helsinki University Hospital; Helsinki Finland
| | - A. Johansson
- Department of Oncology; Norrlands Universitetssjukhus; Umea Sweden
| | | | - H. Hagberg
- Oncology; Uppsala University Hospital; Uppsala Sweden
| | - H. Hawle
- Coordinating Center; SAKK; Bern Switzerland
| | - S. Hayoz
- Coordinating Center; SAKK; Bern Switzerland
| | - S. Dirnhofer
- Institute of Pathology and Medical Genetics; University Hospital Basel; Basel Switzerland
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16
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Rehan W, Antfolk J, Johansson A, Santtila P. Do Single Experiences of Childhood Abuse Increase Psychopathology Symptoms in Adulthood? J Interpers Violence 2019; 34:1021-1038. [PMID: 27147276 DOI: 10.1177/0886260516647004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Experiencing emotional, physical, and/or sexual abuse in childhood increases the risk (compared with baseline) of developing psychopathological symptoms in adulthood. In the present study, we explored the effects of experiencing only a single abusive event on adulthood psychopathology, and compared this with the risk in individuals with no abusive experiences and with the risk in individuals with several abusive experiences. We used a Finnish population-based sample of 10,980 adult participants (3,766 male and 7,214 female twins and their siblings). The participants reported abuse experiences using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ) and current psychopathology symptoms using the depression and anxiety scales of the Brief Symptom Inventory-18 (BSI-18). We found that in both men and women even single experiences of emotional and sexual abuse were associated with increased psychopathology symptoms compared with no abuse experiences. Single experiences of physical abuse did not, however, increase the risk in either women or men. As expected, experiences of repeated abuse (of all abuse types) increased the risk of psychopathology symptoms compared with experiences of single abuse. When we isolated individuals who only had a single experience of any type of abuse (i.e., emotional, physical, or sexual) to control for possible co-morbidity, no increased risk was found. This study shows that individuals who report experiencing single events of abuse of a specific abuse type have an increased risk of displaying psychopathology symptoms in adulthood. This increase is, however, mainly due to co-morbidity of abuse types.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ada Johansson
- Abo Akademi University, Turku, Finland University of Turku, Finland
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17
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Johansson A, Aurell Y, Romanus B. Range of motion in the talo-navicular and the calcaneo-cuboid joints evaluated by ultrasound during clubfoot treatment with normal references up to the age of four years. J Child Orthop 2018; 12:526-538. [PMID: 30294379 PMCID: PMC6169564 DOI: 10.1302/1863-2548.12.180002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous ultrasound studies of clubfeet have mainly focused on the first year of life. The purpose of this study was to improve the evaluation of the talo-navicular and calcaneo-cuboid joints by adding new variables, evaluating the repeatability of ultrasound measurements for normal feet and clubfeet and establishing values for normal feet up to four years of age. METHODS A control group of 105 children divided into ten age groups, and 71 clubfeet in 46 children were examined. Four new variables were introduced: medial malleolus-Talar head-Navicular distance, medial tangent of the talus to the medial border of the navicular distance, the angle between the longitudinal axis of the talus and a line from the centre of the talar head to the medial corner of the navicular, the angle between the lateral borders of the calcaneus and the cuboid. The mobility in the talo-navicular and the calcaneo-cuboid joints was assessed by comparing measurements with the foot in adduction and abduction. RESULTS The variables could be assessed with fair to very good intra- and inter-observer repeatability (intraclass correlation coefficient > 0.8 and ≥ 0.6, respectively), with a few exceptions. There was less movement in talo-navicular and calcaneo-cuboid joints in clubfeet than in controls. CONCLUSION Morphology of normal feet and clubfeet, as well as mobility in the talo-navicular and calcaneo-cuboid joints, can be assessed by ultrasound with a fair to very good reliability from birth to the age of four years. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE III.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Johansson
- Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden,Department of Orthopaedics, Skaraborg Hospital, Skövde, Sweden, Correspondence should be sent to A. Johansson, Department of Orthopaedics, Skaraborg Hospital, Skövde, Sweden. E-mail: or
| | - Y. Aurell
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Mölndal, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - B. Romanus
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Mölndal, Gothenburg, Sweden
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18
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Colodro-Conde L, Cross SM, Lind PA, Painter JN, Gunst A, Jern P, Johansson A, Lund Maegbaek M, Munk-Olsen T, Nyholt DR, Ordoñana JR, Paternoster L, Sánchez-Romera JF, Wright MJ, Medland SE. Cohort Profile: Nausea and vomiting during pregnancy genetics consortium (NVP Genetics Consortium). Int J Epidemiol 2018; 46:e17. [PMID: 26921609 PMCID: PMC5837614 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyv360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/16/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Colodro-Conde
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.,Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, University of Murcia, and IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Simone M Cross
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Penelope A Lind
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Jodie N Painter
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Annika Gunst
- Department of Psychology and Speech-Language Pathology University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Patrick Jern
- Department of Psychology, Åbo Akademi, University, Turku, Finland.,Department of Psychology and Speech-Language Pathology University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Ada Johansson
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.,Department of Psychology, Åbo Akademi, University, Turku, Finland.,Department of Psychology and Speech-Language Pathology University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Trine Munk-Olsen
- National Center for Register-based Research, Aarhus University, Aarhus Denmark
| | - Dale R Nyholt
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.,Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Juan R Ordoñana
- Department of Human Anatomy and Psychobiology, University of Murcia, and IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain
| | - Lavinia Paternoster
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit, School of Social & Community Medicine, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Juan F Sánchez-Romera
- Department of Developmental and Educational Psychology, University of Murcia and IMIB-Arrixaca, Murcia, Spain and
| | - Margaret J Wright
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia.,Queensland Brain Institute, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia
| | - Sarah E Medland
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Brisbane, Australia
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19
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Hollerbach P, Johansson A, Ventus D, Jern P, Neumann CS, Westberg L, Santtila P, Habermeyer E, Mokros A. Main and interaction effects of childhood trauma and the MAOA uVNTR polymorphism on psychopathy. Psychoneuroendocrinology 2018; 95:106-112. [PMID: 29843018 DOI: 10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.05.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 05/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Psychopathy is characterized by callous affect, interpersonal manipulation, a deviant lifestyle, and antisocial behavior. Previous research has linked psychopathic traits to childhood trauma, but also to the upstream variable number tandem repeat (uVNTR) polymorphism of the monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) gene. An interaction between childhood trauma and MAOA genotype has been associated with antisocial behavior, but so far little is known about interaction effects of childhood trauma and the MAOA uVNTR on psychopathy. In order to bridge this gap, we used data of 1531 male and 1265 female twins and their siblings from a Finnish community sample to estimate structural equation models. The psychopathy and childhood trauma constructs were conceptualized as bifactor models with one general and two orthogonal group factors. Data comprised self-reports on childhood trauma and psychopathic traits as well as MAOA uVNTR genotype. In both genders, childhood trauma was associated with the general factor that represents the overarching psychopathy construct, and with the group factor that captures social deviance, but not with the group factor capturing psychopathic core personality traits. Women with a low activity variant of the MAOA uVNTR reported slightly higher levels of psychopathy than those with a high activity allele, but only with respect to the general psychopathy factor. There was no evidence for an interaction effect between MAOA uVNTR genotype and childhood trauma on psychopathy in either gender. Our results suggest that psychopathy in general and social deviance in particular are associated with childhood trauma in men and women, and that psychopathic traits are subject to variation in the MAOA uVNTR genotype in women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pia Hollerbach
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Ada Johansson
- Department of Psychology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland; Department of Psychology and Speech-Language Pathology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
| | - Daniel Ventus
- Department of Psychology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.
| | - Patrick Jern
- Department of Psychology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.
| | - Craig S Neumann
- Department of Psychology, University of North Texas, Denton, USA.
| | - Lars Westberg
- Department of Pharmacology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Pekka Santtila
- Department of Psychology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland; Faculty of Arts and Sciences, New York University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Elmar Habermeyer
- Department of Forensic Psychiatry, University Hospital of Psychiatry Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
| | - Andreas Mokros
- Department of Psychology, FernUniversität in Hagen (University of Hagen), Hagen, Germany.
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20
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Lindholm C, Johansson A, Middelkoop A, Lees JJ, Yngwe N, Berndtson E, Cooper G, Altimiras J. The Quest for Welfare-Friendly Feeding of Broiler Breeders: Effects of Daily vs. 5:2 Feed Restriction Schedules. Poult Sci 2018; 97:368-377. [PMID: 29182752 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pex326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Restricted feeding of broiler breeders is required for improved long-term health and welfare. Because feeding frustration and hunger are major welfare concerns during rearing, many suggestions have been made to decrease the negative feelings of hunger while maintaining suitable growth rates and reproductive health. Non-daily ("skip-a-day") feeding schedules are commonly used around the world to increase portion sizes at meal times while restricting intake but these practices are prohibited in many countries due to welfare concerns on fasting days. We compared birds raised on a non-daily feeding schedule (2 non-consecutive fasting days per week, 5:2), previously suggested as a welfare-friendlier non-daily alternative, to birds raised on daily feed restriction. We found signs of increased physiological stress levels in 5:2 birds, including elevated heterophil to lymphocyte ratios (1.00 for 5:2 vs. 0.75 for daily fed at 12 weeks of age), increased adiposity (0.21% lean body weight [LBW] for 5:2 vs. 0.13% LBW for daily fed), and reduced muscle growth (pectoral muscle 5.94% LBW for 5:2 vs. 6.52% LBW for daily fed). At the same time, 5:2 birds showed signs of lower anxiety before feeding times (activity was reduced from 10.30 in daily fed to 4.85) which may be a result of the lower feed competition associated with larger portion sizes. Although we found no difference in latency to first head movement in tonic immobility between the treatments (136.5 s on average for both groups), 5:2 birds generally showed more interest in a novel object in the home pen which indicated increased risk taking and reduced fear while fasting. The 5:2 birds in this study showed no signs of learning the feeding schedule, and this unpredictability may also increase stress. Taken together, the effects of 5:2 vs. daily feed restriction on the welfare of broiler breeder pullets remain inconclusive and differ between feeding and fasting days. In addition to reducing stress by minimizing the number of fasting days, we suggest that a shift to more predictable schedules may help improve the welfare of broiler breeder pullets.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Lindholm
- AVIAN Behavioural Genomics and Physiology group, IFM Biology, Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - A Johansson
- AVIAN Behavioural Genomics and Physiology group, IFM Biology, Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - A Middelkoop
- AVIAN Behavioural Genomics and Physiology group, IFM Biology, Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden.,Adaptation Physiology Group, Department of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, PO Box 338, 6700 AH Wageningen, Netherlands
| | - J J Lees
- AVIAN Behavioural Genomics and Physiology group, IFM Biology, Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden
| | - N Yngwe
- SweHatch AB, 247 47 Flyinge, Sweden
| | | | - G Cooper
- School of Mechanical, Aerospace and Civil Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
| | - J Altimiras
- AVIAN Behavioural Genomics and Physiology group, IFM Biology, Linköping University, 581 83 Linköping, Sweden
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21
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Birdsell DN, Özsürekci Y, Rawat A, Aycan AE, Mitchell CL, Sahl JW, Johansson A, Colman RE, Schupp JM, Ceyhan M, Keim PS, Wagner DM. Coinfections identified from metagenomic analysis of cervical lymph nodes from tularemia patients. BMC Infect Dis 2018; 18:319. [PMID: 29996780 PMCID: PMC6042416 DOI: 10.1186/s12879-018-3218-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Underlying coinfections may complicate infectious disease states but commonly go unnoticed because an a priori clinical suspicion is usually required so they can be detected via targeted diagnostic tools. Shotgun metagenomics is a broad diagnostic tool that can be useful for identifying multiple microbes simultaneously especially if coupled with lymph node aspirates, a clinical matrix known to house disparate pathogens. The objective of this study was to analyze the utility of this unconventional diagnostic approach (shotgun metagenomics) using clinical samples from human tularemia cases as a test model. Tularemia, caused by the bacterium Francisella tularensis, is an emerging infectious disease in Turkey. This disease commonly manifests as swelling of the lymph nodes nearest to the entry of infection. Because swollen cervical nodes are observed from many different types of human infections we used these clinical sample types to analyze the utility of shotgun metagenomics. METHODS We conducted an unbiased molecular survey using shotgun metagenomics sequencing of DNA extracts from fine-needle aspirates of neck lymph nodes from eight tularemia patients who displayed protracted symptoms. The resulting metagenomics data were searched for microbial sequences (bacterial and viral). RESULTS F. tularensis sequences were detected in all samples. In addition, we detected DNA of other known pathogens in three patients. Both Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and Human Parvovirus B-19 were detected in one individual and Human Parvovirus B-19 alone was detected in two other individuals. Subsequent PCR coupled with Sanger sequencing verified the metagenomics results. The HBV status was independently confirmed via serological diagnostics, despite evading notice during the initial assessment. CONCLUSION Our data highlight that shotgun metagenomics of fine-needle lymph node aspirates is a promising clinical diagnostic strategy to identify coinfections. Given the feasibility of the diagnostic approach demonstrated here, further steps to promote integration of this type of diagnostic capability into mainstream clinical practice are warranted.
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Affiliation(s)
- D N Birdsell
- Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA.
| | - Y Özsürekci
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit in Ankara, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - A Rawat
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Flagstaff, AZ, USA.,Present Address: Division of Biomedical Informatics Research, Sidra Medical & Research Center, Doha, Qatar
| | - A E Aycan
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit in Ankara, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - C L Mitchell
- Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA.,Present Address: Department of Epidemiology, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA
| | - J W Sahl
- Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
| | - A Johansson
- Department of Clinical Microbiology and Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - R E Colman
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Flagstaff, AZ, USA.,Present address: Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California, USA
| | - J M Schupp
- Translational Genomics Research Institute, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
| | - M Ceyhan
- Department of Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit in Ankara, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - P S Keim
- Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA.,Translational Genomics Research Institute, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
| | - D M Wagner
- Pathogen and Microbiome Institute, Northern Arizona University, Flagstaff, AZ, USA
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22
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Rehan W, Antfolk J, Johansson A, Aminoff M, Sandnabba NK, Westberg L, Santtila P. Gene-Environment Correlation Between the Dopamine Transporter Gene (DAT1) Polymorphism and Childhood Experiences of Abuse. J Interpers Violence 2018; 33:2059-2072. [PMID: 26729744 DOI: 10.1177/0886260515622299] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the possible gene-environment correlation between the dopamine transporter gene (DAT1) polymorphism and childhood experiences of abuse and neglect. Genetic information was obtained from 1,442 male and 2,178 female twins and their siblings drawn from a Finnish population-based sample. The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire was used to measure the childhood experiences of abuse and neglect. In men, the DAT1 polymorphism was associated with having experienced sexual abuse in childhood, such that men with the 9R9R genotype reported less sexual abuse experiences than men with the 9R10R or the 10R10R genotypes. In women, there was an association between the DAT1 polymorphism and childhood experiences of emotional abuse, such that women with the 9R9R genotype reported less emotional abuse experiences than women with the 9R10R or 10R10R genotypes. No other associations between the DAT1 polymorphism and childhood experiences of abuse and neglect were found. In sum, the results suggested that some genetic components might predispose children to experience childhood abuse and neglect. Possible reasons for this association were discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wail Rehan
- 1 Abo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Ada Johansson
- 1 Abo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- 2 University of Gothenburg, Sweden
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23
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Abstract
PURPOSE To establish reproducible posterior ultrasonographic projections for evaluation of the movement in the talocrural joint in clubfeet and normal feet from the perinatal period up to the age of four years. METHODS The feet in 105 healthy children and 46 patients (71 clubfeet and 21 normal feet) were examined. In all, 14 feet in seven patients were examined twice by two examiners independently to evaluate the repeatability of the ultrasonography scans. A posterior sagittal projection was used. The distance from the posterior aspect of the tibial physis to the posterior border of the talocalcaneal joint (Tib. phys - TCJ) was measured with the foot in neutral position and dorsiflexion. In plantar flexion the shortest distance between the tibial physis and the calcaneus was measured. The distance from the skin to the tibial epiphyses and the talus was measured in neutral position. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was calculated to evaluate the repeatability of the measurements. RESULTS The interexaminer reliability was 0.71 to 0.89 ICC. The intra- and interobserver reliability measured as ICC was 0.68 to 0.99 for all measurements. The correlation between Tib. phys. - TCJ and clinical dorsiflexion varied much between the age groups. CONCLUSION Ultrasonography of the posterior aspect of the ankle joint can be done with high interexaminer reliability. The repeatability of image evaluation was high. Correlation to clinical measurements varied, therefore dynamic ultrasound in real time is clinically more useful than single measurements on frozen ultrasound images.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Johansson
- Department of Orthopaedics, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden and Department of Orthopaedics, Skaraborg Hospital, Skövde, Sweden, Correspondence should be sent to A. Johansson, Department of Orthopaedics, Skaraborg Hospital, Skövde, Sweden. E-mail: or
| | - Y. Aurell
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Mölndal, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - B. Romanus
- Department of Orthopaedics, Sahlgrenska University Hospital/Mölndal, Gothenburg, Sweden
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24
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Stocchi F, Radicati FG, Chaudhuri KR, Johansson A, Padmakumar C, Falup‐Pecurariu C, Martinez‐Martin P. The Parkinson's Disease Composite Scale: results of the first validation study. Eur J Neurol 2018; 25:503-511. [DOI: 10.1111/ene.13529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2017] [Accepted: 11/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- F. Stocchi
- University and Institute for Research and Medical Care IRCCS San Raffaele Roma Italy
| | - F. G. Radicati
- University and Institute for Research and Medical Care IRCCS San Raffaele Roma Italy
| | - K. R. Chaudhuri
- National Parkinson Foundation Centre of Excellence King's College London UK
| | - A. Johansson
- Department of Neurology Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden
| | - C. Padmakumar
- Rankin Park Centre John Hunter Hospital Newcastle Australia
| | - C. Falup‐Pecurariu
- Department of Neurology County Emergency Clinic Hospital Brasov and Faculty of Medicine Transilvania University Brasov Brasov Romania
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25
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Gjerde K, Lehmann S, Naterstad IF, Berge ME, Johansson A. Reliability of an adherence monitoring sensor embedded in an oral appliance used for treatment of obstructive sleep apnoea. J Oral Rehabil 2017; 45:110-115. [DOI: 10.1111/joor.12584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- K. Gjerde
- Department of Thoracic Medicine; Center for Sleep Medicine; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
- Department of Clinical Dentistry - Prosthodontics; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
| | - S. Lehmann
- Department of Thoracic Medicine; Center for Sleep Medicine; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
- Department of Clinical Science; Section for Thoracic Medicine; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
| | - I. F. Naterstad
- Department of Global and Public Health; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
| | - M. E. Berge
- Department of Thoracic Medicine; Center for Sleep Medicine; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
- Department of Clinical Dentistry - Prosthodontics; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
| | - A. Johansson
- Department of Thoracic Medicine; Center for Sleep Medicine; Haukeland University Hospital; Bergen Norway
- Department of Clinical Dentistry - Prosthodontics; Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry; University of Bergen; Bergen Norway
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26
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Jern P, Johansson A, Strohmaier J, Treutlein J, Piha J, Rietschel M. Preliminary Evidence for an Association Between Variants of the Catechol-O-Methyltransferase (COMT) Gene and Premature Ejaculation. J Sex Med 2017; 14:1558-1565. [PMID: 29198511 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2017.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/02/2017] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies have suggested that dopamine plays a role in the neurobiological mechanism that triggers ejaculation, leading scientists to hypothesize that dopamine-related genetic polymorphisms could contribute to symptoms of premature ejaculation (PE). AIM To investigate associations between dopamine receptor and catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT; an enzyme involved in the catabolism of dopamine) gene-linked polymorphisms and PE. METHODS PE status in patient groups was determined by clinical diagnosis performed by a physician specializing in sexual medicine. Self-reported PE symptoms from a validated questionnaire also were reported. Saliva samples were collected from 149 patients with PE and 1,022 controls from a population-based sample. In total, we tested associations between PE and 11 single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the dopamine receptor D1, D2, and D3 genes and in the COMT gene. OUTCOMES We found no associations between dopamine receptor gene polymorphisms and PE, but 2 COMT-linked loci (rs4680 and rs4818) had significant associations after correction for multiple testing. RESULTS 1 COMT gene-linked locus that was associated with PE symptoms in the present study, rs4680, is a well-documented functional polymorphism that causes a valine-to-methionine substitution. The other polymorphism, rs4818, is in high linkage disequilibrium with the rs4680 locus, indicating that they capture the same effect. Surprisingly, the rs4680 variant that was statistically significantly more prevalent in the PE group (ie, the valine-encoding allele) has been associated with higher enzymatic activity and therefore lower synaptic dopamine levels. CLINICAL TRANSLATION Drugs targeting the dopaminergic system could affect PE symptoms. STRENGTHS AND LIMITATIONS No replication sample was available for the present study; thus, our findings should be interpreted with caution. Moreover, a limitation of our study is the small sample in the context of genetic association studies (although it should be mentioned that genetically informative samples with phenotypic information about PE symptoms are scarce, and most previous genetic association studies of PE have used samples of similar or smaller size). However, our results are plausible: we report an association between one of the most extensively studied and understood genetic polymorphisms in psychiatric research and PE, and our results are in line with the long-standing hypothesis that dopamine influences human ejaculatory function. CONCLUSIONS We report an association between 2 COMT gene-linked loci and PE symptoms, but our results should be treated with caution until independently replicated. Jern P, Johansson A, Strohmaier J, et al. Preliminary Evidence for an Association Between Variants of the Catechol-O-Methyltransferase (COMT) Gene and Premature Ejaculation. J Sex Med 2017;14:1558-1565.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrick Jern
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.
| | - Ada Johansson
- Department of Psychology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland; QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute, Herston, QLD, Australia
| | - Jana Strohmaier
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Germany
| | - Jens Treutlein
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Germany
| | | | - Marcella Rietschel
- Department of Genetic Epidemiology in Psychiatry, Central Institute of Mental Health, Medical Faculty Mannheim, Germany
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27
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Tielbeek JJ, Johansson A, Polderman TJC, Rautiainen MR, Jansen P, Taylor M, Tong X, Lu Q, Burt AS, Tiemeier H, Viding E, Plomin R, Martin NG, Heath AC, Madden PAF, Montgomery G, Beaver KM, Waldman I, Gelernter J, Kranzler HR, Farrer LA, Perry JRB, Munafò M, LoParo D, Paunio T, Tiihonen J, Mous SE, Pappa I, de Leeuw C, Watanabe K, Hammerschlag AR, Salvatore JE, Aliev F, Bigdeli TB, Dick D, Faraone SV, Popma A, Medland SE, Posthuma D. Genome-Wide Association Studies of a Broad Spectrum of Antisocial Behavior. JAMA Psychiatry 2017; 74:1242-1250. [PMID: 28979981 PMCID: PMC6309228 DOI: 10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2017.3069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Antisocial behavior (ASB) places a large burden on perpetrators, survivors, and society. Twin studies indicate that half of the variation in this trait is genetic. Specific causal genetic variants have, however, not been identified. OBJECTIVES To estimate the single-nucleotide polymorphism-based heritability of ASB; to identify novel genetic risk variants, genes, or biological pathways; to test for pleiotropic associations with other psychiatric traits; and to reevaluate the candidate gene era data through the Broad Antisocial Behavior Consortium. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS Genome-wide association data from 5 large population-based cohorts and 3 target samples with genome-wide genotype and ASB data were used for meta-analysis from March 1, 2014, to May 1, 2016. All data sets used quantitative phenotypes, except for the Finnish Crime Study, which applied a case-control design (370 patients and 5850 control individuals). MAIN OUTCOME AND MEASURES This study adopted relatively broad inclusion criteria to achieve a quantitative measure of ASB derived from multiple measures, maximizing the sample size over different age ranges. RESULTS The discovery samples comprised 16 400 individuals, whereas the target samples consisted of 9381 individuals (all individuals were of European descent), including child and adult samples (mean age range, 6.7-56.1 years). Three promising loci with sex-discordant associations were found (8535 female individuals, chromosome 1: rs2764450, chromosome 11: rs11215217; 7772 male individuals, chromosome X, rs41456347). Polygenic risk score analyses showed prognostication of antisocial phenotypes in an independent Finnish Crime Study (2536 male individuals and 3684 female individuals) and shared genetic origin with conduct problems in a population-based sample (394 male individuals and 431 female individuals) but not with conduct disorder in a substance-dependent sample (950 male individuals and 1386 female individuals) (R2 = 0.0017 in the most optimal model, P = 0.03). Significant inverse genetic correlation of ASB with educational attainment (r = -0.52, P = .005) was detected. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE The Broad Antisocial Behavior Consortium entails the largest collaboration to date on the genetic architecture of ASB, and the first results suggest that ASB may be highly polygenic and has potential heterogeneous genetic effects across sex.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorim J Tielbeek
- Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research. Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands,Department Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Ada Johansson
- Department of Psychology and Speech-Language Pathology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland,Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden,Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Psychology and Theology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Tinca JC Polderman
- Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research. Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Marja-Riitta Rautiainen
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland. University of Eastern Finland, Department of Forensic Psychiatry, Niuvanniemi Hospital, Kuopio, Finland and University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Philip Jansen
- Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research. Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands,Dept of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Michelle Taylor
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Xiaoran Tong
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University
| | - Qing Lu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Michigan State University
| | | | - Henning Tiemeier
- Dept of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands,The Dept of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center-Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center-Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands,The Dept of Psychiatry, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Essi Viding
- Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1 6BT, UK
| | - Robert Plomin
- Division of Psychology and Language Sciences, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1 6BT, UK
| | | | - Andrew C Heath
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Pamela AF Madden
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | | | | | - Irwin Waldman
- Psychology Department, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Joel Gelernter
- Yale University School of Medicine & VA Connecticut Healthcare Center
| | - Henry R Kranzler
- University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine & Crescenz VA Medical Center
| | - Lindsay A Farrer
- Department of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine
| | - John R B Perry
- Medical Research Council (MRC) Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, UK
| | - Marcus Munafò
- MRC Integrative Epidemiology Unit at the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Devon LoParo
- Psychology Department, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Tiina Paunio
- National Institute for Health and Welfare, Helsinki, Finland. University of Eastern Finland, Department of Forensic Psychiatry, Niuvanniemi Hospital, Kuopio, Finland and University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Jari Tiihonen
- Karolinska Institutet, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Stockholm, Sweden; and University of Eastern Finland, Department of Forensic Psychiatry, Niuvanniemi Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Sabine E Mous
- The Dept of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center-Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center-Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Irene Pappa
- The Dept of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry/Psychology, Erasmus Medical Center-Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. The Generation R Study Group, Erasmus Medical Center-Sophia Children’s Hospital, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Christiaan de Leeuw
- Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research. Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Kyoko Watanabe
- Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research. Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Anke R Hammerschlag
- Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research. Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands,Dept of Epidemiology, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jessica E. Salvatore
- Department of Psychology and the Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioural Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | - Fazil Aliev
- Department of African American Studies, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia and Faculty of Business, Karabuk University, Turkey
| | - Tim B. Bigdeli
- Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioural Genetics, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia
| | | | | | - Arne Popma
- Department Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Danielle Posthuma
- Department of Complex Trait Genetics, Center for Neurogenomics and Cognitive Research. Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, The Netherlands,Dept Clinical Genetics, Neuroscience Campus Amsterdam, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, The Netherlands
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Holmqvist-Jämsén S, Johansson A, Santtila P, Westberg L, von der Pahlen B, Simberg S. Investigating the Role of Salivary Cortisol on Vocal Symptoms. J Speech Lang Hear Res 2017; 60:2781-2791. [PMID: 28915296 DOI: 10.1044/2017_jslhr-s-16-0058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE We investigated whether participants who reported more often occurring vocal symptoms showed higher salivary cortisol levels and if such possible associations were different for men and women. METHOD The participants (N = 170; men n = 49, women n = 121) consisted of a population-based sample of Finnish twins born between 1961 and 1989. The participants submitted saliva samples for hormone analysis and completed a web questionnaire including questions regarding the occurrence of 6 vocal symptoms during the past 12 months. The data were analyzed using the generalized estimated equations method. RESULTS A composite variable of the vocal symptoms showed a significant positive association with salivary cortisol levels (p < .001). Three of the 6 vocal symptoms were significantly associated with the level of cortisol when analyzed separately (p values less than .05). The results showed no gender difference regarding the effect of salivary cortisol on vocal symptoms. CONCLUSIONS There was a positive association between the occurrence of vocal symptoms and salivary cortisol levels. Participants with higher cortisol levels reported more often occurring vocal symptoms. This could have a connection to the influence of stress on vocal symptoms because stress is a known risk factor of vocal symptoms and salivary cortisol can be seen as a biomarker for stress.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ada Johansson
- Faculty of Arts, Psychology and Theology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- Department of Psychology and Speech-Language Pathology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Pekka Santtila
- Faculty of Arts, Psychology and Theology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Lars Westberg
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | | | - Susanna Simberg
- Faculty of Arts, Psychology and Theology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- Department of Special Needs Education, Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway
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Owen D, Vineberg K, Li P, Cao Y, Johansson A, Cuneo K, Lawrence T, Balter J. Utility of 4DMRI for Liver Radiation Planning. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2017.06.444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Holmqvist Jämsen S, Johansson A, Westberg L, Santtila P, von der Pahlen B, Simberg S. Associations Between Vocal Symptoms and Genetic Variants in the Oxytocin Receptor and Arginine Vasopressin 1A Receptor Gene. J Speech Lang Hear Res 2017; 60:1843-1854. [PMID: 28687839 DOI: 10.1044/2016_jslhr-s-16-0059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2016] [Accepted: 12/27/2016] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Oxytocin and arginine vasopressin are associated with different aspects of the stress response. As stress is regarded as a risk factor for vocal symptoms, we wanted to explore the association between the oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR) and arginine vasopressin 1A receptor gene (AVPR1A) single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and vocal symptoms. We also wanted to explore whether such effects might be mediated by cortisol because oxytocin and vasopressin are associated with cortisol levels. METHOD A population-based sample (N = 657) of Finnish twins (born 1961-1989) completed a web questionnaire on the occurrence of vocal symptoms. A total of 170 participants submitted saliva samples for hormone analysis. A total of 20 OXTR and AVPR1A SNPs were analyzed. RESULTS Three OXTR polymorphisms (rs2270465, rs2268493, rs7632287) and 2 AVPR1A polymorphisms (rs1587097, rs1042615) showed nominal effects (p < .05) on vocal symptoms, of which 1 (rs1587097) remained significant after correcting for multiple testing (p = .003). We found potential mediation of the effect of the OXTR rs2268493 polymorphism on vocal symptoms through levels of cortisol. CONCLUSIONS The associations between variants of OXTR and AVPR1A and vocal symptoms indicate that oxytocin and vasopressin might influence vocal symptoms. The effect of oxytocin seems to be partly mediated through cortisol actions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ada Johansson
- Faculty of Arts, Psychology and Theology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, FinlandDepartment of Psychology and Speech-Language Pathology, Faculty of Social Sciences, University of Turku, FinlandDepartment of Pharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lars Westberg
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Pekka Santtila
- Faculty of Arts, Psychology and Theology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | | | - Susanna Simberg
- Faculty of Arts, Psychology and Theology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, FinlandDepartment of Special Needs Education, Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Oslo, Norway
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Lindholm C, Karlsson L, Johansson A, Altimiras J. Higher fear of predators does not decrease outdoor range use in free-range Rowan Ranger broiler chickens. ACTA AGR SCAND A-AN 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/09064702.2017.1337214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Lindholm
- AVIAN Behavioural Genomics and Physiology Group, IFM Biology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - L. Karlsson
- AVIAN Behavioural Genomics and Physiology Group, IFM Biology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - A. Johansson
- AVIAN Behavioural Genomics and Physiology Group, IFM Biology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - J. Altimiras
- AVIAN Behavioural Genomics and Physiology Group, IFM Biology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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Freiburghaus C, Kuci Emruli V, Johansson A, Olsson R, Ek F, Geisler C, Jerkeman M, Ek S. BORTEZOMIB PREVENTS DEVELOPMENT OF CYTARABINE RESISTANCE IN A MANTLE CELL LYMPHOMA IN VITRO
MODEL. Hematol Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.2439_174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- C. Freiburghaus
- Department of Immunotechnology; Lund University; Lund Sweden
| | - V. Kuci Emruli
- Department of Immunotechnology; Lund University; Lund Sweden
| | - A. Johansson
- Department of Immunotechnology; Lund University; Lund Sweden
| | - R. Olsson
- Department of Experimental Medical Science; Lund University; Lund Sweden
| | - F. Ek
- Department of Experimental Medical Science; Lund University; Lund Sweden
| | - C.H. Geisler
- Department of Hematology; Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet; Copenhagen Denmark
| | - M. Jerkeman
- Department of Oncology; Skåne University Hospital; Lund Sweden
| | - S. Ek
- Department of Immunotechnology; Lund University; Lund Sweden
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Gennemark P, Trägårdh M, Lindén D, Ploj K, Johansson A, Turnbull A, Carlsson B, Antonsson M. Translational Modeling to Guide Study Design and Dose Choice in Obesity Exemplified by AZD1979, a Melanin-concentrating Hormone Receptor 1 Antagonist. CPT Pharmacometrics Syst Pharmacol 2017; 6:458-468. [PMID: 28556607 PMCID: PMC5529746 DOI: 10.1002/psp4.12199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2016] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we present the translational modeling used in the discovery of AZD1979, a melanin‐concentrating hormone receptor 1 (MCHr1) antagonist aimed for treatment of obesity. The model quantitatively connects the relevant biomarkers and thereby closes the scaling path from rodent to man, as well as from dose to effect level. The complexity of individual modeling steps depends on the quality and quantity of data as well as the prior information; from semimechanistic body‐composition models to standard linear regression. Key predictions are obtained by standard forward simulation (e.g., predicting effect from exposure), as well as non‐parametric input estimation (e.g., predicting energy intake from longitudinal body‐weight data), across species. The work illustrates how modeling integrates data from several species, fills critical gaps between biomarkers, and supports experimental design and human dose‐prediction. We believe this approach can be of general interest for translation in the obesity field, and might inspire translational reasoning more broadly.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Gennemark
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - M Trägårdh
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Mölndal, Sweden.,University of Warwick, School of Engineering, Coventry, UK
| | - D Lindén
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - K Ploj
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - A Johansson
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - A Turnbull
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - B Carlsson
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Mölndal, Sweden
| | - M Antonsson
- Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases, Innovative Medicines and Early Development Biotech Unit, AstraZeneca, Mölndal, Sweden
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Rehan W, Antfolk J, Johansson A, Jern P, Santtila P. Experiences of severe childhood maltreatment, depression, anxiety and alcohol abuse among adults in Finland. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0177252. [PMID: 28481912 PMCID: PMC5421798 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0177252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 04/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Childhood maltreatment increases the risk of subsequent depression, anxiety and alcohol abuse, but the rate of resilient victims is unknown. Here, we investigated the rate of victims that do not suffer from clinical levels of these problems after severe maltreatment in a population-based sample of 10980 adult participants. Compared to men, women reported more severe emotional and sexual abuse, as well as more severe emotional neglect. For both genders, severe emotional abuse (OR = 3.80 [2.22, 6.52]); severe physical abuse (OR = 3.97 [1.72, 9.16]); severe emotional neglect (OR = 3.36 [1.73, 6.54]); and severe physical neglect (OR = 11.90 [2.66, 53.22]) were associated with depression and anxiety while only severe physical abuse (OR = 3.40 [1.28, 9.03]) was associated with alcohol abuse. Looking at men and women separately, severe emotional abuse (OR = 6.05 [1.62, 22.60] in men; OR = 3.74 [2.06, 6.81] in women) and severe physical abuse (OR = 6.05 [1.62, 22.60] in men; OR = 3.03 [0.99, 9.33] in women) were associated with clinical levels of depression and anxiety. In addition, in women, severe sexual abuse (OR = 2.40 [1.10, 5.21]), emotional neglect (OR = 4.78 [2.40, 9.56]), and severe physical neglect (OR = 9.86 [1.99, 48.93]) were associated with clinical levels of depression and anxiety. Severe emotional abuse in men (OR = 3.86 [0.96, 15.48]) and severe physical abuse in women (OR = 5.18 [1.48, 18.12]) were associated with alcohol abuse. Concerning resilience, the majority of severely maltreated participants did not report clinically significant levels of depression or anxiety (72%), or alcohol abuse (93%) in adulthood. Although the majority of severely abused or neglected individuals did not show clinical levels of depression, anxiety or alcohol use, severe childhood maltreatment increased the risk for showing clinical levels of psychopathology in adulthood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wail Rehan
- Department of Psychology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Jan Antfolk
- Department of Psychology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Ada Johansson
- Department of Psychology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.,Department of Psychology and Speech-Language Pathology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Patrick Jern
- Department of Psychology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland.,Department of Psychology and Speech-Language Pathology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland
| | - Pekka Santtila
- Department of Psychology, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
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Johansson A, Claesson R, Höglund Åberg C, Haubek D, Oscarsson J. ThecagEgene sequence as a diagnostic marker to identify JP2 and non-JP2 highly leukotoxicAggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitansserotype b strains. J Periodontal Res 2017; 52:903-912. [DOI: 10.1111/jre.12462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Johansson
- Division of Molecular Periodontology; Department of Odontology; Umeå University; Umeå Sweden
| | - R. Claesson
- Division of Oral Microbiology; Department of Odontology; Umeå University; Umeå Sweden
| | - C. Höglund Åberg
- Division of Molecular Periodontology; Department of Odontology; Umeå University; Umeå Sweden
| | - D. Haubek
- Section for Pediatric Dentistry; Department of Dentistry and Oral Health; Aarhus University; Aarhus Denmark
| | - J. Oscarsson
- Division of Oral Microbiology; Department of Odontology; Umeå University; Umeå Sweden
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36
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Martinsson K, Johansson A, Kastbom A, Skogh T. Immunoglobulin (Ig)G1 and IgG4 anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) associate with shared epitope, whereas IgG2 anti-CCP associates with smoking in patients with recent-onset rheumatoid arthritis (the Swedish TIRA project). Clin Exp Immunol 2017; 188:53-62. [PMID: 27859022 DOI: 10.1111/cei.12901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Given the possible importance of anti-citrullinated peptide/protein antibodies (ACPA) for initiation and progression of rheumatoid arthritis (RA), extended knowledge about the different isotypes and subclasses is important. In the present study, we analysed the immunoglobulin (Ig)G subclasses regarding reactivity against cyclic citrullinated peptides (anti-CCP) among 504 clinically well-characterized patients with recent-onset RA in relation to smoking habits, shared epitope (SE) status and IgA and pan-IgG anti-CCP antibodies. All patients, regardless of pan-IgG anti-CCP status, were analysed for IgG1-4 CCP reactivity. Sixty-nine per cent were positive in any IgG anti-CCP subclass, and of these 67% tested positive regarding IgG1, 35% IgG2, 32% IgG3, and 59% IgG4 anti-CCP. Among ever-smokers the percentages of IgG2 anti-CCP (P = 0·01) and IgA anti-CCP (P = 0·002)-positive cases were significantly higher compared to never-smokers. A positive IgG anti-CCP subclass -negative cases. Combining SE and smoking data revealed that IgG1 and IgG4 anti-CCP were the IgG anti-CCP isotypes associated with expression of SE, although the lower number of patients positive for IgG2 or IgG3 anti-CCP could, however, have influenced the results. High levels of IgG2 anti-CCP were shown to correlate with expression of the 'non-SE' allele human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-DRB1*15. In conclusion, in this study we describe different risk factor characteristics across the IgG anti-CCP subclasses, where IgG2 appears similar to IgA anti-CCP regarding the predominant association with smoking, while IgG1 and IgG4 related more distinctly to the carriage of SE genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Martinsson
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - A Johansson
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - A Kastbom
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - T Skogh
- Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
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LoParo D, Johansson A, Walum H, Westberg L, Santtila P, Waldman I. Rigorous tests of gene-environment interactions in a lab study of the oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR), alcohol exposure, and aggression. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2016; 171:589-602. [PMID: 26250573 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.32359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Naturalistic studies of gene-environment interactions (G X E) have been plagued by several limitations, including difficulty isolating specific environmental risk factors from other correlated aspects of the environment, gene-environment correlation (rGE ), and the use of a single genetic variant to represent the influence of a gene. We present results from 235 Finnish young men in two lab studies of aggression and alcohol challenge that attempt to redress these limitations of the extant G X E literature. Specifically, we use a latent variable modeling approach in an attempt to more fully account for genetic variation across the oxytocin receptor gene (OXTR) and to robustly test its main effects on aggression and its interaction with alcohol exposure. We also modeled aggression as a latent variable comprising various indices, including the average and maximum levels of aggression, the earliest trial on which aggression was expressed, and the proportion of trials on which the minimum and maximum levels of aggression were expressed. The best fitting model for the genetic variation across OXTR included six factors derived from an exploratory factor analysis, roughly corresponding to six haplotype blocks. Aggression levels were higher on trials in which participants were administered alcohol, won, or were provoked. There was a significant main effect of OXTR on aggression across studies after controlling for covariates. The interaction of OXTR and alcohol was also significant across studies, such that OXTR had stronger effects on aggression in the alcohol administration condition. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devon LoParo
- Psychology Department, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Ada Johansson
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.,Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Abo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Hasse Walum
- Psychology Department, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.,Center for Translational Social Neuroscience, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
| | - Lars Westberg
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Pekka Santtila
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Abo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Irwin Waldman
- Psychology Department, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia
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Baur E, Forsman M, Santtila P, Johansson A, Sandnabba K, Långström N. Paraphilic Sexual Interests and Sexually Coercive Behavior: A Population-Based Twin Study. Arch Sex Behav 2016; 45:1163-1172. [PMID: 26754158 DOI: 10.1007/s10508-015-0674-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2014] [Revised: 10/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/26/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Prior research with selected clinical and forensic samples suggests associations between paraphilic sexual interests (e.g., exhibitionism and sexual sadism) and sexually coercive behavior. However, no study to date used a large, representative and genetically informative population sample to address the potential causal nature of this association. We used self-report data on paraphilic and sexually coercive behavior from 5990 18- to 32-year-old male and female twins from a contemporary Finnish population cohort. Logistic regression and co-twin control models were employed to examine if paraphilic behaviors were causally related to coercive behavior or if suggested links were confounded by familial (genetic or common family environment) risk factors. Results indicated that associations between four out of five tested paraphilic behaviors (exhibitionism, masochism, sadism, and voyeurism, respectively) and sexually coercive behavior were moderate to strong. Transvestic fetishism was not independently associated with sexual coercion. Comparisons of twins reporting paraphilic behavior with their paraphilic behavior-discordant twin further suggested that associations were largely independent of shared genetic and environmental confounds, consistent with a causal association. In conclusion, similar to previously reported predictive effects of paraphilias on sexual crime recidivism, paraphilic behavior among young adults in the general population increases sexual offending risk. Further, early identification of paraphilic interest and preventive interventions with at-risk individuals might also reduce perpetration of first-time sexual violence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Baur
- Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands
- LWL-Maßregelvollzugsklinik, Herne, Germany
| | - Mats Forsman
- Swedish Prison and Probation Service, R&D Unit, PO Box 12055, 102 22, Stockholm, Sweden.
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Pekka Santtila
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Abo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Ada Johansson
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Abo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kenneth Sandnabba
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Abo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Niklas Långström
- Swedish Prison and Probation Service, R&D Unit, PO Box 12055, 102 22, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Medical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Johansson A, Balter J, Feng M, Cao Y. WE-FG-206-10: Portal Venous Perfusion Quantitation From Liver DCE-MRI by Voxel Uptake Curve Clustering and Input Function Normalization. Med Phys 2016. [DOI: 10.1118/1.4957940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Pettersson M, Kelk P, Belibasakis GN, Bylund D, Molin Thorén M, Johansson A. Titanium ions form particles that activate and execute interleukin-1β release from lipopolysaccharide-primed macrophages. J Periodontal Res 2016; 52:21-32. [PMID: 26987886 PMCID: PMC5297875 DOI: 10.1111/jre.12364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/18/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Peri-implantitis is a destructive inflammatory process characterized by destruction of the implant-supporting bone. Inflammasomes are large intracellular multiprotein complexes that play a central role in innate immunity by activating the release of proinflammatory cytokines. Although inflammasome activation has previously been linked to periodontal inflammation, there is still no information on a potential association with peri-implantitis. The aim of this study was to examine cytotoxic and proinflammatory effects, including inflammasome activation, of metals used in dental implants, in an in vitro model, as well as from clinical tissue samples. MATERIAL AND METHODS Human macrophages were exposed to different metals [titanium (Ti), cobalt, chromium and molybdenum] in a cell-culture assay. Cytotoxicity was determined using the neutral red uptake assay. Cytokine secretion was quantified using an ELISA, and the expression of genes of various inflammasome components was analysed using quantitative PCR. In addition, the concentrations of interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and Ti in mucosal tissue samples taken in the vicinity of dental implants were determined using ELISA and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, respectively. RESULTS Ti ions in physiological solutions stimulated inflammasome activation in human macrophages and consequently IL-1β release. This effect was further enhanced by macrophages that have been exposed to lipopolysaccharides. The proinflammatory activation caused by Ti ions disappeared after filtration (0.22 μm), which indicates an effect of particles. Ti ions alone did not stimulate transcription of the inflammasome components. The Ti levels of tissue samples obtained in the vicinity of Ti implants were sufficiently high (≥ 40 μm) to stimulate secretion of IL-1β from human macrophages in vitro. CONCLUSION Ti ions form particles that act as secondary stimuli for a proinflammatory reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Pettersson
- Prosthetic Dentistry, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - P Kelk
- Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - G N Belibasakis
- Section of Oral Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Oral Biology, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - D Bylund
- Department of Natural Sciences, Mid Sweden University, Sundsvall, Sweden
| | - M Molin Thorén
- Prosthetic Dentistry, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - A Johansson
- Molecular Periodontology, Department of Odontology, Faculty of Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
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Suchankova P, Nilsson S, Pahlen B, Santtila P, Sandnabba K, Johansson A, Jern P, Engel JA, Jerlhag E. Genetic variation of the growth hormone secretagogue receptor gene is associated with alcohol use disorders identification test scores and smoking. Addict Biol 2016; 21:481-8. [PMID: 26059200 PMCID: PMC5033010 DOI: 10.1111/adb.12277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The multifaceted gut‐brain peptide ghrelin and its receptor (GHSR‐1a) are implicated in mechanisms regulating not only the energy balance but also the reward circuitry. In our pre‐clinical models, we have shown that ghrelin increases whereas GHSR‐1a antagonists decrease alcohol consumption and the motivation to consume alcohol in rodents. Moreover, ghrelin signaling is required for the rewarding properties of addictive drugs including alcohol and nicotine in rodents. Given the hereditary component underlying addictive behaviors and disorders, we sought to investigate whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) located in the pre‐proghrelin gene (GHRL) and GHSR‐1a gene (GHSR) are associated with alcohol use, measured by the alcohol use disorders identification test (AUDIT) and smoking. Two SNPs located in GHRL, rs4684677 (Gln90Leu) and rs696217 (Leu72Met), and one in GHSR, rs2948694, were genotyped in a subset (n = 4161) of a Finnish population‐based cohort, the Genetics of Sexuality and Aggression project. The effect of these SNPs on AUDIT scores and smoking was investigated using linear and logistic regressions, respectively. We found that the minor allele of the rs2948694 SNP was nominally associated with higher AUDIT scores (P = 0.0204, recessive model) and smoking (P = 0.0002, dominant model). Furthermore, post hoc analyses showed that this risk allele was also associated with increased likelihood of having high level of alcohol problems as determined by AUDIT scores ≥ 16 (P = 0.0043, recessive model). These convergent findings lend further support for the hypothesized involvement of ghrelin signaling in addictive disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Suchankova
- Department of Pharmacology Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology The Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Staffan Nilsson
- Department of Mathematical Statistics Institute of Mathematical Sciences Chalmers University of Technology Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Bettina Pahlen
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics Abo Akademi University Turku Finland
| | - Pekka Santtila
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics Abo Akademi University Turku Finland
| | - Kenneth Sandnabba
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics Abo Akademi University Turku Finland
| | - Ada Johansson
- Department of Pharmacology Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology The Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics Abo Akademi University Turku Finland
| | - Patrick Jern
- Department of Psychology and Logopedics Abo Akademi University Turku Finland
- Department of Behavioral Sciences and Philosophy University of Turku Turku Finland
| | - Jörgen A. Engel
- Department of Pharmacology Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology The Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
| | - Elisabet Jerlhag
- Department of Pharmacology Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology The Sahlgrenska Academy University of Gothenburg Gothenburg Sweden
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Brand JS, Colzani E, Johansson A, Giesecke J, Clements M, Bergh J, Hall P, Czene K. Abstract P1-07-22: Infectious disease hospitalization in breast cancer patients: Risk and impact on prognosis. Cancer Res 2016. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs15-p1-07-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Infection-related hospitalizations are a serious complication in breast cancer patients, resulting in treatment delay, prolonged hospitalization and future morbidity and mortality. Little, however, is known about the actual risk, clinical characteristics and outcomes of infection-related hospitalizations in this patient population.
Methods: We conducted a prospective population-based study including 7071 women diagnosed with primary invasive non-metastatic breast cancer between 2001 and 2008 in the Stockholm-Gotland region (Sweden), with complete follow-up until 2010. Standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) for infection-related hospitalizations (overall and by site) were estimated using background rates from the general female population, matched on age and calendar period. Associations with clinical characteristics and breast cancer outcomes (breast cancer death, distant metastasis and locoregional recurrence) were analysed using flexible parametric survival models.
Results: During a medium follow-up of 5.3 years, 657 hospital admissions with infections were observed and 1,2 and 5-year cumulative risks were 3.4, 4.7 and 8.1% respectively. Rates of infection-related hospitalizations were increased compared to the general female population (SIR = 2.12; 95% CI = 1.96-2.29) and site-specific SIRs were most pronounced for sepsis (SIR = 3.65; 95% CI = 3.13-4.26) and skin infections (SIR = 2.93; 95% CI = 2.35-3.64). The overall risk of infections was highest during the first year (SIR = 5.06; 95% CI, 4.46-5.74), and recurrent disease contributed to the long-term risk observed. Older age at diagnosis, chemotherapy, axillary radiotherapy, comorbidities and markers of tumor aggressiveness (large tumors, estrogen receptor negative tumors and lymph node positive tumors) were independent predictors of infectious disease risk. Analyses evaluating the prognostic impact of infections revealed an independent effect on breast cancer death and distant metastasis, associations that were mainly driven by sepsis (HR = 4.53; 95% CI, 3.25-6.33 and 1.69; 95% CI, 1.04-2.79 respectively). No association was found with future risk of locoregional recurrence.
Conclusions: Physicians and patients should be aware of the risk of serious infections which persists beyond the initial treatment period. Infection-related hospitalizations are an independent marker of poor prognosis. Further research is needed to elucidate the role of sepsis in breast cancer progression.
Citation Format: Brand JS, Colzani E, Johansson A, Giesecke J, Clements M, Bergh J, Hall P, Czene K. Infectious disease hospitalization in breast cancer patients: Risk and impact on prognosis. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Thirty-Eighth Annual CTRC-AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium: 2015 Dec 8-12; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2016;76(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P1-07-22.
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Affiliation(s)
- JS Brand
- Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Switzerland; Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - E Colzani
- Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Switzerland; Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A Johansson
- Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Switzerland; Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J Giesecke
- Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Switzerland; Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Clements
- Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Switzerland; Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - J Bergh
- Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Switzerland; Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - P Hall
- Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Switzerland; Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - K Czene
- Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Switzerland; Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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43
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Gjerde K, Lehmann S, Berge ME, Johansson AK, Johansson A. Oral appliance treatment in moderate and severe obstructive sleep apnoea patients non-adherent to CPAP. J Oral Rehabil 2015; 43:249-58. [PMID: 26707632 PMCID: PMC4834725 DOI: 10.1111/joor.12376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/17/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the effect of individually adjusted custom‐made mandibular advancement device/oral appliance (OA) in treatment of patients with moderate and severe obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA), who were non‐adherent to continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy. During 2007‐2013, 116 patients with moderate (n = 82) and severe (n = 34) OSA non‐adherent to CPAP treatment were referred for dental management with an individually adjusted OA at a specialist sleep clinic. Ten of the participants (8·6%) were lost to follow‐up, leaving the data set to consist of 106 patients (71 men/35 women, mean age 57 year, range 28‐90). Nocturnal respiratory polygraphic recordings were performed at baseline and follow‐up. Average time between baseline polygraphy and follow‐up was 12 months. A successful OA treatment outcome was based on polygraphy at the follow‐up and divided into three groups: 1 = AHI <5; 2 = 5 ≤ AHI <10 and >50% reduction in baseline AHI; and 3. >50% reduction in baseline AHI. If there was a ≤ 50% reduction in baseline AHI at the follow‐up, the treatment was considered as a failure. The overall treatment success rate was 75%. There was no significant difference in success rates between patients in the moderate and severe categories (69% and 77%, respectively). Low oxygen saturation (SpO2 nadir) had a high predictive value for OA treatment failure. OA treatment of patients non‐adherent to CPAP is efficient and especially promising for the severe OSA group who are at greatest risks for developing serious comorbidities, if left untreated.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Gjerde
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Center for Sleep Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway
| | - S Lehmann
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Center for Sleep Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Clinical Science, Section for Thoracic Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - M E Berge
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Center for Sleep Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Clinical Dentistry - Prosthodontics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - A-K Johansson
- Department of Clinical Dentistry - Cariology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
| | - A Johansson
- Department of Thoracic Medicine, Center for Sleep Medicine, Haukeland University Hospital, Bergen, Norway.,Department of Clinical Dentistry - Prosthodontics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
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44
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Hongxing L, Astrøm AN, List T, Nilsson I, Johansson A. Prevalence of temporomandibular disorder pain in Chinese adolescents compared to an age‐matched Swedish population. J Oral Rehabil 2015; 43:241-8. [DOI: 10.1111/joor.12366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- L. Hongxing
- Department of Clinical Dentistry – Prosthodontics University of Bergen Bergen Norway
| | - A. N. Astrøm
- Department of Clinical Dentistry – Community Dentistry University of Bergen Bergen Norway
| | - T. List
- Orofacial Pain and Jaw Function Malmö University Malmö Sweden
| | | | - A. Johansson
- Department of Clinical Dentistry – Prosthodontics University of Bergen Bergen Norway
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45
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Desvars A, Furberg M, Hjertqvist M, Vidman L, Sjöstedt A, Ryden P, Johansson A. Epidemiology and Ecology of Tularemia in Sweden. Int J Epidemiol 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyv097.215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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46
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Lennborn U, Nielsen E, Sandler H, Bertilsson M, Johansson A, Ahlner J, Kugelberg FC, Rubertsson S. Intox - A Prospective Measurement of Blood Concentrations of Routine Drugs in Patients Treated in the Intensive Care Unit. Intensive Care Med Exp 2015. [PMCID: PMC4796595 DOI: 10.1186/2197-425x-3-s1-a496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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47
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Birgand G, Johansson A, Szilagyi E, Lucet JC. Overcoming the obstacles of implementing infection prevention and control guidelines. Clin Microbiol Infect 2015; 21:1067-71. [PMID: 26369604 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmi.2015.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2015] [Revised: 09/01/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Reasons for a successful or unsuccessful implementation of infection prevention and control (IPC) guidelines are often multiple and interconnected. This article reviews key elements from the national to the individual level that contribute to the success of the implementation of IPC measures and gives perspectives for improvement. Governance approaches, modes of communication and formats of guidelines are discussed with a view to improve collaboration and transparency among actors. The culture of IPC influences practices and varies according to countries, specialties and healthcare providers. We describe important contextual aspects, such as relationships between actors and resources and behavioural features including professional background or experience. Behaviour change techniques providing goal-setting, feedback and action planning have proved effective in mobilizing participants and may be key to trigger social movements of implementation. The leadership of international societies in coordinating actions at international, national and institutional levels using multidisciplinary approaches and fostering collaboration among clinical microbiology, infectious diseases and IPC will be essential for success.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Birgand
- Health Protection Research Unit in Healthcare Associated Infections and Antimicrobial Resistance, Imperial College London, London, UK; INSERM, IAME, UMR 1137, F-75018, Paris, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard, Infection Control Unit, Paris, France.
| | - A Johansson
- The Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden, Department of Clinical Microbiology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - E Szilagyi
- National Centre for Epidemiology, Budapest, Hungary
| | - J-C Lucet
- INSERM, IAME, UMR 1137, F-75018, Paris, France; AP-HP, Hôpital Bichat - Claude Bernard, Infection Control Unit, Paris, France
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48
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Karadenizli A, Forsman M, Şimşek H, Taner M, Öhrman C, Myrtennäs K, Lärkeryd A, Johansson A, Özdemir L, Sjödin A. Genomic analyses of Francisella tularensis strains confirm disease transmission from drinking water sources, Turkey, 2008, 2009 and 2012. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 20. [PMID: 26062561 DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es2015.20.21.21136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Waterborne epidemics of tularaemia caused by Francisella tularensis are increasingly reported in Turkey. We have used whole genome sequencing to investigate if F. tularensis isolated from patients could be traced back to drinking water sources. Tonsil swabs from 33 patients diagnosed with oropharyngeal tularaemia in three outbreaks and 140 water specimens were analysed. F. tularensis subsp. holarctica was confirmed by microagglutination and PCR in 12 patients and five water specimens. Genomic analysis of three pairs of patient and water isolates from outbreaks in Sivas, Çorum, and Kocaeli showed the isolates to belong to two new clusters of the F. tularensis B.12 genetic clade. The clusters were defined by 19 and 15 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in a multiple alignment based on 507 F. tularensis genomes. One synonymous SNP was chosen as a new canonical SNP (canSNP) for each cluster for future use in diagnostic assays. No SNP was identified between the genomes from the patient–water pair of isolates from Kocaeli, one SNP between the pair of isolates from Sivas, whereas the pair from Çorum differed at seven SNPs. These results illustrate the power of whole genome sequencing for tracing F. tularensis patient isolates back to their environmental source.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Karadenizli
- Department of Medical Microbiology, Kocaeli University, Kocaeli, Turkey
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49
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Afset JE, Larssen KW, Bergh K, Sjödin A, Lärkeryd A, Johansson A, Forsman M. Phylogeographical pattern of Francisella tularensis in a nationwide outbreak of tularaemia in Norway, 2011. Euro Surveill 2015. [DOI: 10.2807/1560-7917.es2015.20.19.21125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In 2011, a nationwide outbreak of tularaemia occurred in Norway with 180 recorded cases. It was associated with the largest peak in lemming density seen in 40 years. Francisella tularensis was isolated from 18 patients. To study the geographical distribution of F. tularensis genotypes in Norway and correlate genotype with epidemiology and clinical presentation, we performed whole genome sequencing of patient isolates. All 18 genomes from the outbreak carried genetic signatures of F. tularensis subsp. holarctica and were assigned to genetic clades using canonical single nucleotide polymorphisms. Ten isolates were assigned to major genetic clade B.6 (subclade B.7), seven to clade B.12, and one to clade B.4. The B.6 subclade B.7 was most common in southern and central Norway, while clade B.12 was evenly distributed between the southern, central and northern parts of the country. There was no association between genotype and clinical presentation of tularaemia, time of year or specimen type. We found extensive sequence similarity with F. tularensis subsp. holarctica genomes from high-endemic tularaemia areas in Sweden. Finding nearly identical genomes across large geographical distances in Norway and Sweden imply a life cycle of the bacterium without replication between the outbreaks and raise new questions about long-range migration mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Afset
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children’s and Women’s Health, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Medical Microbiology, St. Olavs Hospital, University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - K W Larssen
- Department of Medical Microbiology, St. Olavs Hospital, University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - K Bergh
- Department of Medical Microbiology, St. Olavs Hospital, University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children’s and Women’s Health, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - A Sjödin
- Division of CBRN Security and Defence, FOI - Swedish Defence Research Agency, Umeå, Sweden
| | - A Lärkeryd
- Division of CBRN Security and Defence, FOI - Swedish Defence Research Agency, Umeå, Sweden
| | - A Johansson
- Department of Clinical Microbiology, The Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden
| | - M Forsman
- Division of CBRN Security and Defence, FOI - Swedish Defence Research Agency, Umeå, Sweden
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50
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Afset JE, Larssen KW, Bergh K, Larkeryd A, Sjodin A, Johansson A, Forsman M. Phylogeographical pattern of Francisella tularensis in a nationwide outbreak of tularaemia in Norway, 2011. Euro Surveill 2015; 20:9-14. [PMID: 25990357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023] Open
Abstract
In 2011, a nationwide outbreak of tularaemia occurred in Norway with 180 recorded cases. It was associated with the largest peak in lemming density seen in 40 years. Francisella tularensis was isolated from 18 patients. To study the geographical distribution of F.tularensis genotypes in Norway and correlate genotype with epidemiology and clinical presentation,we performed whole genome sequencing of patient isolates. All 18 genomes from the outbreak carried genetic signatures of F. tularensis subsp. holarctica and were assigned to genetic clades using canonical single nucleotide polymorphisms. Ten isolates were assigned to major genetic clade B.6 (subclade B.7),seven to clade B.12, and one to clade B.4. The B.6 subclade B.7 was most common in southern and central Norway, while clade B.12 was evenly distributed between the southern, central and northern parts of the country. There was no association between genotype and clinical presentation of tularaemia, time of year or specimen type. We found extensive sequence similarity with F. tularensis subsp. holarctica genomes from high-endemic tularaemia areas in Sweden.Finding nearly identical genomes across large geographical distances in Norway and Sweden imply a life cycle of the bacterium without replication between the outbreaks and raise new questions about long-range migration mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- J E Afset
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children s and Women s Health, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
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