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Franco A, Cornacchia AP, Moreira D, Miamoto P, Bueno J, Murray J, Heng D, Mânica S, Porto L, Abade A. Radiographic morphology of canines tested for sexual dimorphism via convolutional-neural-network-based artificial intelligence. Morphologie 2024; 108:100772. [PMID: 38460321 DOI: 10.1016/j.morpho.2024.100772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 02/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/19/2024] [Indexed: 03/11/2024]
Abstract
The permanent left mandibular canines have been used for sexual dimorphism when human identification is necessary. Controversy remains whether the morphology of these teeth is actually useful to distinguish males and females. This study aimed to assess the sexual dimorphism of canines by means of a pioneering artificial intelligence approach to this end. A sample of 13,046 teeth radiographically registered from 5838 males and 7208 females between the ages of 6 and 22.99 years was collected. The images were annotated using Darwin V7 software. DenseNet121 was used and tested based on binary answers regarding the sex (male or female) of the individuals for 17 age categories of one year each (i.e. 6-6.99, 7.7.99… 22.22.99). Accuracy rates, receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves and confusion matrices were used to quantify and express the artificial intelligence's classification performance. The accuracy rates across age categories were between 57-76% (mean: 68%±5%). The area under the curve (AUC) of the ROC analysis was between 0.58 and 0.77. The best performances were observed around the age of 12 years, while the worst were around the age of 7 years. The morphological analysis of canines for sex estimation should be restricted and allowed in practice only when other sources of dimorphic anatomic features are not available.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Franco
- Division of Forensic Dentistry, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil; Department of Therapeutic Stomatology, Institute of Dentistry, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia.
| | - A P Cornacchia
- Division of Forensic Dentistry, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil
| | - D Moreira
- Division of Oral Radiology, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil
| | - P Miamoto
- Division of Forensic Anthropology and Dentistry, Scientific Police of Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, Brazil
| | - J Bueno
- Oral Imaging and Radiology Clinic - CIRO, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - J Murray
- Division of Forensic and Legal Medicine and Dentistry, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - D Heng
- Division of Forensic and Legal Medicine and Dentistry, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - S Mânica
- Division of Forensic and Legal Medicine and Dentistry, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - L Porto
- Computer Vision Solutions, Rumina, Belo Horizonte, Brazil
| | - A Abade
- Division of Computer Vision, Federal Institute of Education and Technology - MT, Barra do Garças, Brazil
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Abualhija D, Gómez García-Donas J, Shepherd S, McGregor S, Franco A, Manica S. Biological profiling using the human mandible. J Oral Biosci 2024; 66:5-12. [PMID: 38036053 DOI: 10.1016/j.job.2023.11.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Revised: 11/20/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the absence of soft tissue, skeletal remains are analyzed to identify the deceased. This assessment involves establishing the biological profile that aids medicolegal investigations and fulfils the right of the dead to be identified. Since the mandible is the strongest bone in the skull and easily identifiable, even when fragmented, this study aimed to systematically review its value in constructing the biological profile in the published literature. We searched PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus, and Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature and collected cross-sectional studies published in English before 2021. A risk of bias assessment was completed based on Joanna Briggs Institute's critical appraisal tools. The data are presented descriptively and were analyzed using Microsoft Office Excel 365. HIGHLIGHT Of the 104 eligible articles, 94 examined the sexual dimorphism of the mandible, while 25 attempted to estimate age. Ancestry and stature were the least explored biological characteristics (five and one articles, respectively). A metric analysis was the most common approach (n = 80), followed by morphological analysis and combined morphologic and metric techniques (n = 18 and n = 6, respectively). The results showed no statistically significant correlation between an individual's mandible and stature. Orthopantomogram radiography continues to be the most common radiographic technique for assessing the mandible. CONCLUSION The mandible is reliable when used for sex estimation; however, caution should be exercised in relying solely on it for morphological assessments. This review provides guidance on estimating age, sex, and ancestry directly from mandibular specimens or radiographs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Doha Abualhija
- Centre for Forensic and Legal Medicine and Dentistry, DD1 4HN, University of Dundee, UK.
| | | | - Simon Shepherd
- Department of Oral Surgery and Medicine, DD1 4HN, University of Dundee, UK
| | | | - Ademir Franco
- Centre for Forensic and Legal Medicine and Dentistry, DD1 4HN, University of Dundee, UK
| | - Scheila Manica
- Centre for Forensic and Legal Medicine and Dentistry, DD1 4HN, University of Dundee, UK
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Murray J, Heng D, Lygate A, Porto L, Abade A, Manica S, Franco A. Applying artificial intelligence to determination of legal age of majority from radiographic data. Morphologie 2024; 108:100723. [PMID: 37897941 DOI: 10.1016/j.morpho.2023.100723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2023] [Accepted: 08/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Forensic odontologists use biological patterns to estimate chronological age for the judicial system. The age of majority is a legally significant period with a limited set of reliable oral landmarks. Currently, experts rely on the questionable development of third molars to assess whether litigants can be prosecuted as legal adults. Identification of new and novel patterns may illuminate features more dependably indicative of chronological age, which have, until now, remained unseen. Unfortunately, biased perceptions and limited cognitive capacity compromise the ability of researchers to notice new patterns. The present study demonstrates how artificial intelligence can break through identification barriers and generate new estimation modalities. A convolutional neural network was trained with 4003 panoramic-radiographs to sort subjects into 'under-18' and 'over-18' age categories. The resultant architecture identified legal adults with a high predictive accuracy equally balanced between precision, specificity and recall. Moving forward, AI-based methods could improve courtroom efficiency, stand as automated assessment methods and contribute to our understanding of biological ageing.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Murray
- Department of Forensic Odontology, University of Dundee, Nethergate, Dundee DD1 4HN, UK.
| | - D Heng
- Department of Forensic Odontology, University of Dundee, Nethergate, Dundee DD1 4HN, UK
| | - A Lygate
- Department of Forensic Odontology, University of Dundee, Nethergate, Dundee DD1 4HN, UK
| | - L Porto
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Brasilia, Federal District 70910-900, Brazil
| | - A Abade
- Departmento de Computacao, Instituto Federal de Educacao, Ciencie e Tecnologia de Mato Grosso, Cuiaba, Mato Grosso, Brazil
| | - S Manica
- Department of Forensic Odontology, University of Dundee, Nethergate, Dundee DD1 4HN, UK
| | - A Franco
- Department of Forensic Odontology, University of Dundee, Nethergate, Dundee DD1 4HN, UK; Division of Forensic Dentistry, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil
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Franco A, Murray J, Heng D, Lygate A, Moreira D, Ferreira J, Miranda E Paulo D, Machado CP, Bueno J, Mânica S, Porto L, Abade A, Paranhos LR. Binary decisions of artificial intelligence to classify third molar development around the legal age thresholds of 14, 16 and 18 years. Sci Rep 2024; 14:4668. [PMID: 38409354 PMCID: PMC10897208 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-55497-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Third molar development is used for dental age estimation when all the other teeth are fully mature. In most medicolegal facilities, dental age estimation is an operator-dependent procedure. During the examination of unaccompanied and undocumented minors, this procedure may lead to binary decisions around age thresholds of legal interest, namely the ages of 14, 16 and 18 years. This study aimed to test the performance of artificial intelligence to classify individuals below and above the legal age thresholds of 14, 16 and 18 years using third molar development. The sample consisted of 11,640 panoramic radiographs (9680 used for training and 1960 used for validation) of males (n = 5400) and females (n = 6240) between 6 and 22.9 years. Computer-based image annotation was performed with V7 software (V7labs, London, UK). The region of interest was the mandibular left third molar (T38) outlined with a semi-automated contour. DenseNet121 was the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) of choice and was used with Transfer Learning. After Receiver-operating characteristic curves, the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.87 and 0.86 to classify males and females below and above the age of 14, respectively. For the age threshold of 16, the AUC values were 0.88 (males) and 0.83 (females), while for the age of 18, AUC were 0.94 (males) and 0.83 (females). Specificity rates were always between 0.80 and 0.92. Artificial intelligence was able to classify male and females below and above the legal age thresholds of 14, 16 and 18 years with high accuracy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ademir Franco
- Division of Forensic Dentistry, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil
- Department of Therapeutic Stomatology, Institute of Dentistry, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Jared Murray
- Centre of Forensic and Legal Medicine and Dentistry, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Dennis Heng
- Centre of Forensic and Legal Medicine and Dentistry, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Anna Lygate
- Centre of Forensic and Legal Medicine and Dentistry, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Debora Moreira
- Division of Oral Radiology, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Ferreira
- Division of Forensic Dentistry, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | | | - Juliano Bueno
- Division of Oral Radiology, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Scheila Mânica
- Centre of Forensic and Legal Medicine and Dentistry, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Lucas Porto
- Computer Vision Solutions, Rumina S.A., Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - André Abade
- Computer Science, Federal Institute of Science and Technology, Barra do Garças, Brazil
| | - Luiz Renato Paranhos
- Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlandia, Av. Pará-1720, Bairro Umuarama, Uberlândia, MG, 38405-320, Brazil.
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de Almeida JC, Soares MQS, Mamani MP, Franco A, Junqueira JLC. Influence of surgeon experience on implant placement in guided surgeries: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. J Prosthet Dent 2024:S0022-3913(24)00004-0. [PMID: 38336565 DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2024.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2023] [Revised: 01/06/2024] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024]
Abstract
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM Guided surgical techniques in implant dentistry use virtual planning to accurately position implants. Understanding the effect of a surgeon's experience on guided surgery is essential to ensure successful outcomes. PURPOSE The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials was to evaluate the influence of a surgeon's experience on the accuracy of implant positioning in guided surgery for completely or partially edentulous patients. MATERIAL AND METHODS Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) 2020 guidelines, searches were conducted in the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, SciELO, and nonpeer-reviewed literature databases. Studies that met the population, intervention, control, and outcome (PICO) strategy were included: a completely or partially edentulous maxilla or mandible, guided surgery performed by experienced and inexperienced surgeons, and assessing implant positioning accuracy. A random-effects meta-analysis with a 95% confidence interval was conducted using Stata 15.1. The risk of bias was assessed with the Cochrane risk-of-bias tool for randomized trials (RoB2), and evidence certainty was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) tool. The study was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) database (CRD42022302288). RESULTS Three articles from 2017 to 2020 encompassing 43 participants (22 men and 21 women) with a mean age of 61.2 years and a total of 150 implants were included. No significant difference was found between experienced and inexperienced surgeons in terms of angular, cervical, or apical deviations of the implants (95% confidence interval, P<.05). The difference between surgeons regarding positioning accuracy was less than 0.01 degrees for angular deviation, 0.35 mm for apical deviation, and 0.16 mm for cervical deviation. Low heterogeneity was observed for angular deviations (Q P=.021, I2=34%, and t2<.001) and cervical deviations (Q P=.18, I2=45%, and t2=.064). High heterogeneity was observed for apical deviations (Q P<.001, I2=87% and t2=.522). The overall bias risk was moderate, with the evidence certainty ranging from low to moderate. CONCLUSIONS In guided surgery, the surgeon's experience did not significantly impact the occurrence of deviations in implant positioning.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Ademir Franco
- Professor, Forensic Odontology Division, São Leopoldo Mandic Research Institute (SLM), Campinas, Brazil
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Pulcinelli T, da Silva TG, Moreira DD, Lagoeiro LE, Agustini D, Silva RF, Franco A. On the forensic relevance of tattoos: distinguishing black inks with energy dispersive spectroscopy and backscattered scanning electron microscopy. Forensic Sci Med Pathol 2024:10.1007/s12024-024-00782-y. [PMID: 38324212 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-024-00782-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to analyze black tattoo inks by means of energy dispersive spectroscopy and backscattered scanning electron microscopy. METHODS The sample consisted of five types of commercial tattoo pigments of the black colour (Easy Glow™, Electric Ink™, Iron Works™, Master Ink™, and Viper™). An Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) detector (Silicon Drift Detector - SDD - type) attached to a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) device (Tescan Vega3 LMU, Libusina, Czech Republic) was used. X-ray characteristic signs were detected for each tattoo ink in an interval between 0 and 2.5 keV. The electron acceleration potential in the microscope was 15 keV. Two regions were analyzed for each sample (n = 10). On each region, a micrography of backscattered electrons (BSE) was obtained. Means and standard deviations (SD) of the weight percentages (Wt%) were calculated. RESULTS C and O were predominant, with a mean O/C ratio between 2.69 and 2.74 Wt%. Electric Ink and Master Ink were the most similar pigments, while Easy Glow was the most distinctive - with agglomerates of Al that had a concentration 25 × higher than other specimens. Other compounds detected in the sample were Cl and Cu. CONCLUSION EDS and SEM were efficient to distinguish black tattoo inks. These are our preliminary outcomes on the use of EDS and SEM to analyze black tattoo inks. Thus, careful interpretation is necessary to avoid rash applications in human identification practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thais Pulcinelli
- Division of Forensic Dentistry, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Thiago Gomes da Silva
- Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | | | | | - Deonir Agustini
- Centre of Electron Microscopy, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Rhonan Ferreira Silva
- Department of Forensic Anthropology and Dentistry, Scientific Police of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
- Department of Dentistry - Forensic Odontology, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Ademir Franco
- Division of Forensic Dentistry, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, R. Dr. José Rocha Junqueira 13, Campinas, Brazil.
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, Institute of Dentistry, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia.
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Adames C, Gaêta-Araujo H, Franco A, Soares MQS, Junqueira JLC, Oenning AC. Influence of CBCT-derived panoramic curve variability in the measurements for dental implant planning. Oral Radiol 2024; 40:30-36. [PMID: 37540349 DOI: 10.1007/s11282-023-00703-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate whether the curve markings performed prior to panoramic and cross-sectional reconstructions can influence the planning of oral implants. METHODS Twenty oral radiologists landmarked the reference panoramic curves in 25 CBCT scans of the mandible. Bone height was measured on the resulting cross-sectional slices in the edentulous region of the lower first molar. The following data were recorded: (1) number of landmarks used to build each reference curve; (2) shape of the reference curve (inverted "U", inverted "V" or "horseshoe"); and (3) measurement in the first molar region. The data were assessed for variability based on the number of landmarks, the shape of the reference curve, and the measurements obtained. RESULTS The number of landmarks used to guide the panoramic reconstruction varied among radiologists (p < 0.05), but most of them draw curves in inverted "U" shape (68-100%). The reproducibility of the measurements taken in the edentulous mandibular first molar region was excellent (84.7%). The number of landmarks and the shape of the curve did not have a significant influence on the reproducibility of the measurements (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION Variations of the operator-dependent steps during the panoramic reconstructions occur but do not play a significant part changing the measurements taken for oral implant planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyntia Adames
- Division of Oral Radiology, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, R. Dr. José Rocha Junqueira 13, Ponte Preta, Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13045-755, Brazil
| | - Hugo Gaêta-Araujo
- Division of Oral Radiology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo (FORP-USP), Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ademir Franco
- Division of Oral Radiology, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, R. Dr. José Rocha Junqueira 13, Ponte Preta, Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13045-755, Brazil.
| | - Mariana Quirino Silveira Soares
- Division of Oral Radiology, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, R. Dr. José Rocha Junqueira 13, Ponte Preta, Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13045-755, Brazil
| | - José Luiz Cintra Junqueira
- Division of Oral Radiology, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, R. Dr. José Rocha Junqueira 13, Ponte Preta, Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13045-755, Brazil
| | - Anne Caroline Oenning
- Division of Oral Radiology, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, R. Dr. José Rocha Junqueira 13, Ponte Preta, Campinas, Campinas, SP, 13045-755, Brazil
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Shoukath A, Vidigal MTC, Vieira W, Paranhos LR, Mânica S, Franco A. Dental age estimation methods applied to Indian children and adolescents: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Morphologie 2023; 108:100758. [PMID: 38128159 DOI: 10.1016/j.morpho.2023.100758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Country-specific systematic reviews and meta-analyses have been proposed to compile the available literature and rank methods based on their performance for a target population. India is a country with a vast scientific literature on dental age estimation. This systematic review aimed to provide evidence to help the decision of experts regarding the method of choice for dental age estimation in India. The research protocol was registered in Open Science Framework. Literature Search was performed in Embase, LILACS, MedLine (via PubMed), SciELO, Scopus and Web of Science. Grey Literature was searched in Google Scholar and ProQuest. Observational cross-sectional studies that compared chronological and estimated ages using Demirjian (original [DEM] and Chaillet's modification [modified-DEM]) and Acharya (ACH) methods were included. JBI tool was used to assess the risk of bias. The search detected 9799 studies, out of which 56 were eligible (n=13,107 panoramic radiographs of Indian individuals). Low risk of bias was registered for 48 studies, while 8 presented a moderate risk of bias. The meta-analysis showed a standardized mean difference between chronological and estimated ages of -0.11 (95%CI: -0.29; 0.07), 0.74 (95%CI: 0.39; 1.09), and -0.01 (95%CI: -0.23; 0.22) years for DEM, modified-DEM and ACH, respectively. High heterogeneity (I2=88-93%) was observed across studies for all the methods, including subgroup analyses based on sex. This study ranked ACH, DEM and modified-DEM (from the best to the worse) performances in the Indian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Shoukath
- Centre of Forensic and Legal Medicine and Dentistry, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - M T C Vidigal
- Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Brazil
| | - W Vieira
- Division of Endodontics, Department of Restorative Dentistry, State University of Campinas, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - L R Paranhos
- Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlandia, Brazil
| | - S Mânica
- Centre of Forensic and Legal Medicine and Dentistry, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - A Franco
- Division of Forensic Dentistry, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Block E, Office 3, R. José Rocha Junqueira 13, Swift, 13.045-755 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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Nascimento CTDJS, Vidigal MTC, Oliveira VHFPD, Franco RPAV, Vieira WA, de-Jesus-Soares A, Lima RR, Franco A, Paranhos LR. Knowledge and attitudes of rural healthcare providers regarding domestic violence against women: a systematic review. SAO PAULO MED J 2023; 142:e2022682. [PMID: 38055422 DOI: 10.1590/1516-3180.2022.0682.r1.180723] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Specific types of violence such as intimate partner sexual violence and intimate partner homicide occur more frequently in rural areas. OBJECTIVE This study aimed to systematically review the literature on the knowledge and attitudes of rural healthcare providers regarding cases of domestic violence against women. DESIGN AND SETTING Systematic review developed at Universidade Federal de Uberlândia. METHODS We conducted an electronic search of six databases, which only included observational studies, regardless of the year, language, or country of publication, except for studies that used secondary data and were exclusively qualitative. Two reviewers performed the selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment using a specific Joanna Briggs Institute tool. RESULTS Six studies met the inclusion criteria. All the studies had a low risk of bias. Approximately 38% of these professionals identified injuries caused by violence in patients. When asked about knowing the correct attitude to take in cases of confirmed violence, between 12% and 64% of rural healthcare providers answered positively; most of them would refer to specialized institutions and promote victim empowerment and counseling. The number of professionals with an educational background in the field ranged from 16% to 98%. CONCLUSIONS The evident disparity across studies shows that some professionals have suboptimal knowledge and require training to adopt the correct attitude when identifying female victims of domestic violence in clinical practice. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION This systematic review was registered in the Open Science Framework Database under the registration http://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/B7Q6S.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maria Tereza Campos Vidigal
- MSc. Dentist, Master's student, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia (MG), Brazil
| | | | - Raquel Porto Alegre Valente Franco
- MSc. Dentist, Doctoral student, Postgraduate Program in Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia (MG), Brazil
| | - Walbert Andrade Vieira
- MSc. Dentist, Doctoral student, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Endodontics Division, School of Dentistry of Piracicaba, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba (SP), Brazil
| | - Adriana de-Jesus-Soares
- PhD. Dentist, Professor, Department of Restorative Dentistry, Endodontics Division, School of Dentistry of Piracicaba, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Piracicaba (SP), Brazil
| | - Rafael Rodrigues Lima
- PhD. Dentist, Professor, Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Universidade Federal do Pará, Belém (PA), Brazil
| | - Ademir Franco
- PhD. Dentist, Professor, Division of Forensic Dentistry, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas (SP), Brazil
| | - Luiz Renato Paranhos
- PhD. Dentist, Professor, Division of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Uberlândia (MG), Brazil
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Angelakopoulos N, Franco A, Mula AP, Moukarzel M, Sharma S, Balla SB. Effect of impaction on third molar development and age estimation-A study in a Lebanese population. Morphologie 2023; 107:100607. [PMID: 37543029 DOI: 10.1016/j.morpho.2023.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2023] [Revised: 06/18/2023] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The effect of impaction on third molar development is disputable as the scientific literature is not uniform. In parallel, population-specific studies have been encouraged in dental age estimation. This study aimed to investigate the effect of impaction on third molar formation in a sample of Lebanese individuals. MATERIALS AND METHODS The sample consisted of 518 panoramic radiographs of females (n=229) and males (n=289) between 15 and 23.9 years. Mandibular third molars were classified based on their position as non-impacted and impacted (with horizontal, vertical, mesioangular, and distoangular impaction). Dental development was classified according to Demirjian's 8-level staging system. RESULTS Most teeth presented mesioangular impaction (#38=29.7%, #48=33%). Developing third molars were predominantly distributed between stages D and G. The mean age of most developmental stages was higher among impacted teeth, meaning that third molar mineralization could be slower in the presence of impaction. In general, the delayed dental development did not have statistically significant effects (P<0.05). However, descriptive data pointed out differences between (impacted and non-impacted) mean ages of >12 months-suggesting a potential clinical significance (despite the lack of a statistical one). Furthermore, differences changed based on sex and side (#38/#48). CONCLUSION Therefore, dental age estimation from third molars in the selected Lebanese population should preferably be performed in non-impacted third molars whenever available.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Angelakopoulos
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, 3010 Bern, Switzerland.
| | - A Franco
- Division of Forensic Dentistry, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil.
| | - A P Mula
- Department of Public Health Dentistry, Panineeya Mahavidyalaya Institute of Dental Sciences, Hyderabad, India.
| | | | - S Sharma
- Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Karad, Maharashtra, India.
| | - S B Balla
- La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Australia.
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11
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Angelakopoulos N, Franco A, Sezgin N, Cevik ZA, Canturk N, Panciera MC, Pinto PHV, Alves da Silva RH, Balla SB, Kumagai A, Zolotenkova G, Silveira Sousa AM, Ferrante L, Cameriere R. Ear identification: A multi-ethnic study sample. Morphologie 2023; 107:100602. [PMID: 37230829 DOI: 10.1016/j.morpho.2023.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2023] [Revised: 05/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
The external human ear is considered to be highly variable among individuals. Hence, forensic applications could be explored for human identification. This research compares the usefulness of Cameriere's ear identification method, in samples originating from six different countries (Brazil, India, Japan, Russia, South Africa and Turkey) in order to examine possible differences in their accuracy values. A sample of 2,225 photographs of the external human ear (1,134 left and 1,091 right ears) from 1,411 individuals (633 females and 778 males) was collected. The samples included healthy subjects with no systemic disorders and without any craniofacial trauma, maxillofacial abnormalities, auricular anomalies, ear diseases or previous auricular surgery. Cameriere's ear identification method was applied and measurements were performed on the images of each ear, considering four anatomic regions: helix, antihelix, concha, and lobe. The quantified measurement values were converted into a proposed coded number system. A search for identical codes was accomplished to find out the distinctiveness of the morphology of the human ear. The combined codes of left and right ears of each of the 814 subjects were not repeated in this multi-ethnic study sample. Dirichlet's distribution and the inherent study equation showed that the probability of two different individuals having the same code (false-positive identification) was found to be <0.0007. Because of the distinctive metrics of the ratios of external human ears, studies with Cameriere's ear identification method may be valuable for human identification. Studying the differences between the left and right ears of the same individual and across different ethnic groups could contribute to the development of supplementary tools for human identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Angelakopoulos
- Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 7, 3010 Bern, Switzerland; Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, AgEstimation Project, Campobasso, Italy.
| | - A Franco
- Division of Forensic Dentistry, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil
| | - N Sezgin
- Department of Forensic Sciences, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Kütahya Health Sciences University, Kutahya, Turkey
| | - Z A Cevik
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical School, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - N Canturk
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical School, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey
| | - M C Panciera
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, USP - University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - P H V Pinto
- Department of Pathology and Forensic Medicine, USP - University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - R H Alves da Silva
- Department of Stomatology, Public Health and Forensic Odontology, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, USP - University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - S B Balla
- La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Australia
| | - A Kumagai
- Department of Forensic Science, Division of Forensic Odontology and Disaster Oral Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan
| | - G Zolotenkova
- Department of Forensic Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - A M Silveira Sousa
- School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, USP-University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, SP, Brazil
| | - L Ferrante
- Polytechnic University of Marche, Center of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Medical Information Technology, Department of Biomedical Science and Public Health, Ancona, Italy
| | - R Cameriere
- Department of Medicine and Health Sciences "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, AgEstimation Project, Campobasso, Italy
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12
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Almeida-Marques M, Ingold MMS, da Silva-Junior AF, Franco A, Junqueira JLC, Oenning AC. Panoramic Radiography vs. CBCT in the Evaluation of the Maxillary Third Molar Roots. Medicina (Kaunas) 2023; 59:1975. [PMID: 38004024 PMCID: PMC10672905 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59111975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: A comprehensive understanding of the position of third molar roots and adjacent structures, such as the maxillary sinus (MS), is essential for safe extractions. Diagnostic imaging plays a fundamental role in achieving accurate treatment planning. This study aimed to compare panoramic radiography (PR) and cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) for the evaluation of maxillary third molar roots and their relationship with the MS. Materials and Methods: Two trained radiologists evaluated third molar images. The number of roots, morphology (fused/conical, divergent, dilacerated, or atypical), and their relationship with the MS in PR and CBCT were registered. Descriptive and inferential statistics were performed using the weighted Kappa test. Results: Regarding the number and morphology of the roots, Kappa values showed moderate (κ = 0.42) and fair agreement (κ = 0.38), respectively. Regarding the proximity with the MS, most of the roots showed close contact (30.6%), or 1/3 of root superimposition (35%), in PR evaluation, while in CBCT, the third molars were in contact with the MS floor (32%), and with alveolar domes (27.2%). Conclusions: PR is a moderately reliable image technique to identify the number of roots and root morphology of maxillary third molars. PR, however, does not provide any radiographic signs that clearly indicate the anatomical relationship between the maxillary third molar roots and the maxillary sinus detected in CBCT images.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcia Almeida-Marques
- Division of Oral Radiology, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Centro de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Rua José Rocha Junqueira 13, Ponte Preta, Campinas 13045-755, Brazil
| | - Mara Magnoler Sampaio Ingold
- Division of Oral Radiology, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Centro de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Rua José Rocha Junqueira 13, Ponte Preta, Campinas 13045-755, Brazil
| | - Alberto Ferreira da Silva-Junior
- Division of Oral Radiology, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Centro de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Rua José Rocha Junqueira 13, Ponte Preta, Campinas 13045-755, Brazil
| | - Ademir Franco
- Division of Forensic Dentistry, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Centro de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Rua José Rocha Junqueira 13, Ponte Preta, Campinas 13045-755, Brazil
| | - José Luiz Cintra Junqueira
- Division of Oral Radiology, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Centro de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Rua José Rocha Junqueira 13, Ponte Preta, Campinas 13045-755, Brazil
| | - Anne Caroline Oenning
- Division of Oral Radiology, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Centro de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Rua José Rocha Junqueira 13, Ponte Preta, Campinas 13045-755, Brazil
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13
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Fonseca MT, Siqueira LFR, Belo IS, Rodrigues LG, de Torres ÉM, Franco A, Silva RF. Anatomy of the mastoid triangle and morphometric sex differences. Morphologie 2023; 107:252-258. [PMID: 36503869 DOI: 10.1016/j.morpho.2022.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE OF THE STUDY This study aimed to quantify the area of the mastoid triangle (MT) and assess potential morphometric differences between males and females. PATIENTS The sample consisted of 244 dry human skulls, with biological sex known based on genetic analysis, collected from a medicolegal osteological database from Central-Western Brazil. MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was observational, analytical, and cross-sectional. The skulls were analyzed using Heron's equation to calculate the area of the MT. The landmarks connecting each of the sides of the triangle were: Porion (Po)>Mastoidale (Ma)>Asterion (Ast). Morphometric references were calculated and compared based on sex. RESULTS The area of the MT was nearly 14% larger in males compared to females (p<0.05). The mean MT area for the right and left sides of males were 684.11±93.25mm2 and 668.94±111.95mm2, respectively. In females, the mean MT for the right and left sides were 588.93±91.09mm2 and 582.88±102.98mm2, respectively. Right and left side measurements were significantly different (p<0.05), except for Po-Ast (p=0.232). CONCLUSION Morphometric features regarding the MT were slightly different between males and females. Application of the MT as a dimorphic tool should be adjuvant. Moreover, this tool should be considered carefully, especially because the sex-based differences were statistically significant, but discrete between males and females.
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Affiliation(s)
- M T Fonseca
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - L F R Siqueira
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - I S Belo
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - L G Rodrigues
- Department of Dentistry, School of Dentistry, UniFASAM, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - É M de Torres
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Brazil
| | - A Franco
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia; Division of Forensic Dentistry, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil
| | - R F Silva
- Department of Dentistry, Federal University of Goias, Goiânia, Brazil; Department of Forensic Odontology and Anthropology, Scientific Police of Goias, Goiânia, Brazil.
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Cidade R, Dos Santos M, Alves TC, Bueno JM, Soares M, Arakelyan M, Junqueira JLC, Franco A. Radiographic dental age estimation applying and comparing Demirjian's seven (1973) and four (1976) teeth methods. Forensic Sci Med Pathol 2023; 19:175-183. [PMID: 36806081 DOI: 10.1007/s12024-022-00563-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
To apply Demirjian's seven (1973, D7) and four (1976, D4) teeth methods in a sample of Brazilian children and compare their performances for age estimation. Panoramic radiographs of 1200 children (600 females and 600 males) were collected from Southeast Brazil. The children were equally distributed (n = 60 females and 60 males) between age intervals of 1 year between 6 and 15.9 (mean age = 10.9; standard deviation [SD]: 2.9) years. D7 and D4 dental age estimation methods were applied by two observers and were compared based on their error rates (error = estimated age-chronological age). Both methods overestimated the chronological age (p < 0.0001). D7 led to overestimations of 0.71 (p < 0.0001) in females and 0.83 (p < 0.0001) in males, while the overestimations with D4 were 0.14 (p = 0.0067) and 0.73 (p < 0.0001) for females and males, respectively. The mean age estimated by D7 was 11.7 (SD: 3.1) years, while for D4, it was 11.3 (SD: 3.3) years. Intra- and interobserver agreement was ≥ 0.98. D4 optimized the performance of radiographic dental age estimation compared to D7. Improvements were reflected in the total sample and separately for female and male children from Southeast Brazil.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Cidade
- Division of Oral Radiology, Faculdade Sao Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Marcelo Dos Santos
- Division of Oral Radiology, Faculdade Sao Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Thaís Cássia Alves
- Division of Forensic Dentistry, Faculdade Sao Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil
| | | | - Mariana Soares
- Division of Oral Radiology, Faculdade Sao Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Mariana Arakelyan
- Department of Therapeutic Dentistry, Institute of Dentistry, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Ademir Franco
- Division of Oral Radiology, Faculdade Sao Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil.
- Centre of Forensic and Legal Medicine and Dentistry, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.
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15
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Pinheiro A, Franco R, Makeeva I, Bueno J, Miamoto P, Franco A. 30 years of the ABFO study: Reproduction in a Brazilian sample. Morphologie 2023:S1286-0115(23)00029-2. [PMID: 37149420 DOI: 10.1016/j.morpho.2023.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The ABFO study on third molar development is a benchmark in the scientific literature of dental age estimation. In its 30th anniversary, the study has been reproduced in the present external validation. Standardized comparative outcomes were obtained and discussed across studies. The sample consisted of 1.087 panoramic radiographs of Brazilian females (n=542, 49.87%) and males (n=545, 50.13%) between 14 and 22.9 years. All available third molars were classified into developmental stages following Mincer's adaptation of Demirjian's system (8 sequential stages, from A to H). The mean chronological age of individuals within each stage was assessed. The probability of an individual being ≥ 18 years was calculated for each third molar, sex and stage. Maxillary and mandibular third molars showed a similar development with an agreement between stages of about 90%. In general, males developed 0.5 years (6 months) earlier than females. The probability of being an adult increased considerably when at least one third molar is in stage G. Maxillary third molars had higher coefficients of determination (right: 0.704; left: 0.702), showing that statistical models with these teeth could explain better the age estimation outcomes. The reproducibility of the ABFO study on third molar development led to reference tables and probability measures for the studied Brazilian population.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Pinheiro
- Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, R. Jose-Rocha-Junqueira 13, 13.045-755 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - R Franco
- Department of Community and Preventive Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, 38.400-902 Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - I Makeeva
- Department of Therapeutic Stomatology, Institute of Dentistry, Sechenov University, 119146 Moscow, Russia
| | - J Bueno
- Division of Oral Radiology, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Brazil
| | - P Miamoto
- Division of Forensic Odontology and Anthropology, Scientific Police of Santa Catarina, 88085-002 Florianopolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | - A Franco
- Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, R. Jose-Rocha-Junqueira 13, 13.045-755 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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de la Torre A, Franco A. [Adherence to clinical practice guidelines from theory to action in a hospital in Colombia]. J Healthc Qual Res 2023; 38:193-194. [PMID: 36481207 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhqr.2022.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A de la Torre
- Dirección científica, Clínica Imbanaco Grupo QuirónSalud, Cali, Colombia.
| | - A Franco
- Dirección de calidad y seguridad del paciente, Clínica Imbanaco Grupo QuirónSalud, Cali, Colombia; Universidad del Valle, Cali, Colombia
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Sebastian S, Franco A, Mânica S. Intersection of forensic odontology and psychology. J Forensic Odontostomatol 2023; 41:2-18. [PMID: 37149750 PMCID: PMC10319096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Forensic odontologists are expected to deal with challenging demands which can affect their mental health while dealing with forensic activities. This study aimed to explore the psychological impacts of forensic activities on forensic odontologists and students undertaking training. Firstly, it of an integrative review (part I) on the psychological effects of forensic odontology practice. The review was performed on Scopus, Medline and Web of Science. Next, an anonymous online survey using JISC Online Surveys tool (part II) was performed to assess the inherent opinions of forensic odontologists from the the International Organization for Forensic Odonto-Stomatology (IOFOS), and Association of Forensic Odontologists for Human Rights (AFOHR), and Dentify.me. Results were quantitatively evaluated by means of descriptive statistics and qualitatively upon reflection using Microsoft Office Excel (2010). Part I, only one full-text article out of 2235 (Webb et al., 2002) was found eligible indicating a low number of eligible studies. Part II, 75 forensic odontologists and 26 students (49.9% male; 50.5% female) from over 35 countries participated. Results showed that forensic dentists are more psychologically or emotionally affected by child abuse cases and least affected by age estimation cases. Most experienced forensic odontologists reported the lowest scores of discomforts. Males were more comfortable than women in dealing with stress. 80.77% (n= 21) of the students have not experienced any behavioural changes following mortuary sessions but 19.2% (n= 5) witnessed stress. All respondents support the inclusion of a module in Psychology or stress management in training programmes in Forensic Odontology. Suggestions to maintain mental health are considered by the respondents and topics to be taught suggested by a psychologist.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Sebastian
- Centre for Forensic Medicine and Dentistry, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | - A Franco
- Division of Forensic Dentistry, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas Brazil
| | - S Mânica
- Centre for Forensic Medicine and Dentistry, University of Dundee, Dundee, Scotland, UK
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18
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Scardina L, Di Leone A, Biondi E, Carnassale B, Zotta F, Murando F, Franco A, Terribile D, Masetti R, Franceschini G. P199 Management and Outcomes of Very Young Women (≤35 Years) with Breast Cancer treated in a single Institution. Breast 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0960-9776(23)00317-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/15/2023] Open
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19
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Girijan P, Boedi R, Mânica S, Franco A. The radiographic diversity of dental patterns for human identification - Systematic review and meta-analysis. J Forensic Leg Med 2023; 95:102507. [PMID: 36863069 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2023.102507] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to revisit the scientific literature related to the diversity of dental patterns observed in radiographs. The rationale was to find evidence to support dental human identifications. A systematic review was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P). Strategic search was accomplished in five electronic data sources (SciELO, Medline/Pubmed, Scopus, Open Grey and OATD) were searched. The study model of choice was observational analytical cross-sectional. The search resulted 4.337 entries. The sequential screening based on title, abstract and full-text reading led to 9 eligible studies (n = 5.700 panoramic radiographs) published between 2004 and 2021. Studies from Asian countries were predominant (e.g., South Korea, China, and India). All the studies showed low risk of bias (measured according to the Johanna Briggs Institute's critical appraisal tool for observational cross-sectional studies). Morphological, therapeutic, and pathological identifiers were charted from radiographs to create dental patterns across studies. Six studies (n = 2.553 individuals) had similar methodology and outcome metrics and were included in the quantitative analysis. A meta-analysis was performed and revealed a pooled diversity of the human dental pattern of 0.979 combining maxillary and mandibular teeth. The additional subgroup analysis with maxillary and mandibular teeth have a diversity rate of 0.897 and 0.924, respectively. The existing literature shows that human dental patterns are highly distinctive, especially if morphological, therapeutic and pathological dental features are combined. The diversity of dental identifiers found in the maxillary, mandibular and combined arches is hereby corroborated by this meta-analyzed systematic review. These outcomes support applications for evidence-based human identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeji Girijan
- Centre of Forensic and Legal Medicine and Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Rizky Boedi
- Centre of Forensic and Legal Medicine and Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Dundee, United Kingdom; Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia
| | - Scheila Mânica
- Centre of Forensic and Legal Medicine and Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Ademir Franco
- Centre of Forensic and Legal Medicine and Dentistry, School of Dentistry, University of Dundee, United Kingdom; Division of Forensic Dentistry, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil.
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Barbosa MG, Franco A, de Oliveira RDB, Mamani MP, Junqueira JLC, Soares MQS. Pulp volume quantification methods in cone-beam computed tomography for age estimation: A critical review and meta-analysis. J Forensic Sci 2023; 68:743-756. [PMID: 36999688 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.15248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/01/2023]
Abstract
The secondary dentin deposition that occurs after the tooth formation process results in a decrease in pulp cavity volume in adolescents and adults. The purpose of this critical review was to correlate pulpal and/or dental volume on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) with chronological age approximation. A subobjective was to investigate which methodology and CBCT technical parameters would be most appropriate to evaluate this correlation. This critical review followed the PRISMA guidelines, and it was conducted by a search through PubMed, Embase, SciELO, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane Library databases, as well as gray literature. Primary studies that used pulp volume, or pulp chamber to tooth volume ratio measured using CBCT were included. Seven hundred and eight indexed and 31 non-indexed records were identified. A qualitative analysis was performed including 25 selected studies with a total of 5100 individuals, age ranging from 8 to 87 years without sex predilection. The most used method was pulp volume/tooth volume. CBCT voxel size ranged between 0.09 and 0.5. Manual segmentation associated with threshold algorithms was used in most of the studies. Correlation between the pulp volume/tooth volume ratio was moderate: -0.66 for the upper central incisors, -0.59 for upper canines and -0.56 for lower canines. High heterogeneity was observed among the studies. It is concluded that pulp volume should be used with caution in age estimation. Evidence supports the preferable use of upper incisors with pulp volume/tooth volume ratio for age estimation. There is not enough evidence that voxel size interferes in age estimation by pulp volume.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ademir Franco
- Forensic Odontology Division, São Leopoldo Mandic Research Institute, São Paulo, Brazil
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De Nunzio C, Lombardo R, Mancini E, Rovesti L, Cicione A, Nacchia A, Trucchi A, Baldassarri V, D’Annunzio S, Voglino O, Guarnotta G, Gallo G, Stira J, Gravina C, Turchi B, Franco A, Pastore A, Carbone A, Leonardo C, Franco G, Sciarra A, Salciccia S, Di Pierro G, Al Salhi Y, Tubaro A. Metabolic syndrome evaluation improves prostate cancer detection in patients undergoing a repeat biopsy. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00122-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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22
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Nacchia A, Lombardo R, Tema G, Cicione A, Del Giudice F, Pastore A, Gravina C, Gallo G, Turchi B, Stira J, Zammitti F, Ghezzo N, Franco A, Mancini E, Guidotti A, Fuschi A, Franco G, Leonardo C, Sciarra A, Salciccia S, Del Giudice F, Pastore A, Carbone A, Tubaro A, De Nunzio C. Major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) related to phosphodiesterase 5 inhibitors (PDE5i): Analysis of real-life data from Eudra-Vigilance (EV) database. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)01287-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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23
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Carbonell E, Mercader C, Sureda J, Gutiérrez A, Muñoz J, Gallardo E, Feltes N, Vilaseca A, Franco A, Musquera M, Alcaraz A, Ribal M. Nadir prostate-specific antigen after salvage cryotherapy as a potential prognostic factor for oncologic outcomes. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)01156-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Nacchia A, Gravina C, Gallo G, Fiasconaro D, Sarcinelli L, Zammitti F, Ghezzo N, Guidotti A, Lombardo R, Franco A, Tema G, Cicione A, Pastore A, Sciarra A, Di Pierro G, Salciccia S, Leonardo C, Al Salhi Y, Franco G, Carbone A, Tubaro A, De Nunzio C. Trends and incidence of reported events associated with male slings: An analysis of the food and drug administration’s manufacturer and user facility device experience database. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00821-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Nacchia A, Gravina C, Gallo G, Fiasconaro D, Sarcinelli L, Zammitti F, Ghezzo N, Guidotti A, Lombardo R, Franco A, Tema G, Cicione A, Pastore A, Carbone A, Sciarra A, Salciccia S, Di Pierro G, Al Salhi Y, Franco G, Tubaro A, De Nunzio C. Trends and incidence of reported events associated with ureteroscopes: An analysis of the food and drug administration’s manufacturer and user facility device xxperience database. Eur Urol 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(23)00824-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/12/2023]
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Harudin MH, Franco A, Jaffar N, Noor MHM, Ibrahim MA, Manica S. Volumetric assessment of canines using post-mortem computed tomography (PMCT) for sexual dimorphism in a Malaysian population. Egypt J Forensic Sci 2023; 13:18. [PMID: 36945364 PMCID: PMC10021044 DOI: 10.1186/s41935-023-00339-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Recent research has explored volumetric assessment in three-dimensional (3D) imaging procedures for sexual dimorphism. The 3D techniques have enabled a more realistic, accurate, and non-invasive visualization of sex-related anatomical parameters, such as the size and shape of human teeth. Aim To perform sexual dimorphism based on dental tissue volumes of permanent left maxillary and mandibular canines in a Malaysian population. Methods A cross-sectional study was carried out on 220 post-mortem computed tomography (PMCT) scans of Malaysian subjects (114 males and 106 females) aged between 18 and 40 years old. The permanent left maxillary and mandibular canines were analysed based on the volume of their (I) enamel cap, (II) coronal dentine, and (III) root, as well as the combination between the three dental tissue volumes (DTV). 3D Slicer version 4.10.2 computer software was used to perform a semi-automated segmentation of the anatomic regions of interest of each tooth. Results The DTV of the permanent left maxillary and mandibular canines showed sexual dimorphism as the males presented larger DTV than females (p < 0.05). After binary logistic regression, the DTV revealed an overall sex classification rate of 60 to 74.1%. The DTV of the permanent left mandibular canine had more discriminant power to correctly classify males and females compared to the left maxillary canine. Conclusions The volumetric assessment of the dental tissues of the permanent left maxillary and mandibular canines could discriminate sex in the Malaysian population. Given the limited classification rate, this approach could act solely as a supplementary tool to existing sex estimation methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohd Hafizal Harudin
- grid.412516.50000 0004 0621 7139Unit of Forensic Odontology, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Ademir Franco
- grid.8241.f0000 0004 0397 2876Centre of Forensic and Legal Medicine and Dentistry, University of Dundee, Scotland, UK
| | - Norhayati Jaffar
- grid.412516.50000 0004 0621 7139Unit of Forensic Odontology, Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohamad Helmee Mohamad Noor
- grid.412516.50000 0004 0621 7139Unit of Forensic Radiology, Department of Radiology, Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Mohamad Azaini Ibrahim
- grid.412516.50000 0004 0621 7139Department of Forensic Medicine, National Forensic Institute of Malaysia (NFIM), Kuala Lumpur Hospital, Ministry of Health Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Scheila Manica
- grid.8241.f0000 0004 0397 2876Centre of Forensic and Legal Medicine and Dentistry, University of Dundee, Scotland, UK
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Baz A, Mantovani S, Ramos RP, Santos B, Grecco L, Gonçalves G, Arakelyan M, Marques J, Franco A. Age-at-death assessed with Lamendin's original and population-specific models in a modern Brazilian osteological collection. J Forensic Odontostomatol 2022; 40:45-51. [PMID: 36623297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Estimating the age at death is a common procedure in the fields of forensic human identification and anthropological/archaeological investigations. Root translucency and periodontosis are regressive parameters used to estimate the age of adults, more specifically in Lamendin's method - established in 1992 in a French population. This study aimed to test the applicability and validity of Lamendin's method in a Brazilian osteological collection. METHODS The sample consisted of 74 single-rooted teeth obtained from 50 skeletal remains (mean age: 53.20 ± 16.17 years) from Southeast Brazil. Lamendin's method was applied to enable a comparison between chronological (CA) and estimated ages (EA). A new population-specific equation was designed for the studied sample and the outcomes were compared with those obtained with Lamendin's original equation. RESULTS The original methods led to a general underestimation of 11.32 years (8.83 years in males and 15.91 years in females). The method had a better performance among individuals between 40 and 59 years (mean differences between CA and EA: 4.8 years). The population-specific equation led to a mean overestimation of -2.04 years in males, and a mean underestimation of 3.77 years in females. Underestimations were considerably higher in other age groups. CONCLUSION Despite the apparent improvements, both the original and the population-specific equations revealed coefficients of concordance that were constantly low between CA and EA. These outcomes suggest restrictions to the application of Lamendin's method in the forensic field, especially for human identification. The method, however, seems to be applicable for anthropological/archaeological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Baz
- Division of Forensic Dentistry, Faculdade Sao Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil
| | - S Mantovani
- Division of Forensic Dentistry, Faculdade Sao Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil
| | - R P Ramos
- Legal Medical Institute of Porto Velho, Civil Police of Rondônia, Porto Velho, Brazil
| | - B Santos
- Legal Medical Institute of Porto Velho, Civil Police of Rondônia, Porto Velho, Brazil
| | - L Grecco
- Laboratory of Human Anatomy, Faculdade Sao Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil
| | - G Gonçalves
- Laboratory of Human Anatomy, Faculdade Sao Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil
| | - M Arakelyan
- Department of Therapeutic Stomatology, Sechenov University, Russia
| | - J Marques
- Department of Dentistry, State University of Feira de Santana, Brazil
| | - A Franco
- Division of Forensic Dentistry, Faculdade Sao Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil
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Khan MA, Franco A, Manica S. Experts’ opinion on the importance of therapeutic features for dental human identification using intraoral radiographs. Forensic Imaging 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fri.2022.200531] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Dalben E, Bueno J, Fonseca Y, Mânica S, Nascimento M, Franco A. Application of the London Atlas Software App 2nd edition for the radiographic assessment of dental development. J Clin Exp Dent 2022; 14:e944-e952. [PMID: 36458029 PMCID: PMC9701345 DOI: 10.4317/jced.59974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Assessing the dental development of children and adolescents is an important part of treatment planning. The radiographic visualization of dental developmental stages prior to age estimation is currently feasible by means of digital software apps. Testing the existing software tools is necessary to safeguard application in practice. This study applied the London Atlas Software App 2nd edition™ for dental age estimation in Brazilian children. MATERIAL AND METHODS The software was applied to 1.104 digital panoramic radiographs of females (n = 509) and males (n = 595) with ages between 6 and 15.99 years (mean = 10.88 ± 2.84 years). The sample included at least 100 individuals similarly distributed based on sex within 10 age categories of one year each (6├ 15.99) years. Metrics of errors were quantified between the estimated (EA) and chronological (CA) ages. RESULTS The mean absolute errors among females and males were 0.56 and 0.60 years, respectively (overall = 0.58 years for the combined sample). The lower error values were observed in the age interval of 6 ├ 9.99 years. Error values above one year were detected in older age intervals (10 ├ 15.99 years). Statistically significant differences in dental development were not observed between females and males (p> 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The London Atlas Software App 2nd edition led to specific error rates that can be acceptable for case-specific clinical applications. In the forensic field, caution is advised if the application is planned in the transition between late childhood and early adolescence - when third molars play a major role among the scarce developing teeth. Key words:Brazil, children, dental age estimation, forensic dentistry, radiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erica Dalben
- Division of Forensic Dentistry, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Juliano Bueno
- Division of Oral Radiology, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Yasmin Fonseca
- Division of Forensic Dentistry, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Scheila Mânica
- Centre of Forensic and Legal Medicine and Dentistry, University of Dundee, UK
| | | | - Ademir Franco
- Division of Forensic Dentistry, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil
- Department of Therapeutic Stomatology, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
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Franco A, Porto L, Heng D, Murray J, Lygate A, Franco R, Bueno J, Sobania M, Costa MM, Paranhos LR, Manica S, Abade A. Diagnostic performance of convolutional neural networks for dental sexual dimorphism. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17279. [PMID: 36241670 PMCID: PMC9568558 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-21294-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Convolutional neural networks (CNN) led to important solutions in the field of Computer Vision. More recently, forensic sciences benefited from the resources of artificial intelligence, especially in procedures that normally require operator-dependent steps. Forensic tools for sexual dimorphism based on morphological dental traits are available but have limited performance. This study aimed to test the application of a machine learning setup to distinguish females and males using dentomaxillofacial features from a radiographic dataset. The sample consisted of panoramic radiographs (n = 4003) of individuals in the age interval of 6 and 22.9 years. Image annotation was performed with V7 software (V7labs, London, UK). From Scratch (FS) and Transfer Learning (TL) CNN architectures were compared, and diagnostic accuracy tests were used. TL (82%) performed better than FS (71%). The correct classifications of females and males aged ≥ 15 years were 87% and 84%, respectively. For females and males < 15 years, the correct classifications were 80% and 83%, respectively. The Area Under the Curve (AUC) from Receiver-operating Characteristic (ROC) curves showed high classification accuracy between 0.87 and 0.91. The radio-diagnostic use of CNN for sexual dimorphism showed positive outcomes and promising forensic applications to the field of dental human identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ademir Franco
- grid.8241.f0000 0004 0397 2876Centre of Forensic and Legal Medicine and Dentistry, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK ,grid.448878.f0000 0001 2288 8774Department of Therapeutic Stomatology, Institute of Dentistry, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia ,grid.456544.20000 0004 0373 160XDivision of Forensic Dentistry, Faculdade Sao Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Lucas Porto
- Computer Vision Solutions, Rumina S.A, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Dennis Heng
- grid.8241.f0000 0004 0397 2876Centre of Forensic and Legal Medicine and Dentistry, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Jared Murray
- grid.8241.f0000 0004 0397 2876Centre of Forensic and Legal Medicine and Dentistry, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Anna Lygate
- grid.8241.f0000 0004 0397 2876Centre of Forensic and Legal Medicine and Dentistry, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Raquel Franco
- grid.411284.a0000 0004 4647 6936Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlandia, Av. Pará 1720, Bloco 2G, Sala 1, Campus Umuarama, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Juliano Bueno
- grid.456544.20000 0004 0373 160XDivision of Oral Radiology, Faculdade Sao Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Marilia Sobania
- grid.456544.20000 0004 0373 160XDivision of Forensic Dentistry, Faculdade Sao Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil
| | - Márcio M. Costa
- grid.411284.a0000 0004 4647 6936Department of Removable Prosthodontics, Federal University of Uberlandia, Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Luiz R. Paranhos
- grid.411284.a0000 0004 4647 6936Department of Preventive and Social Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlandia, Av. Pará 1720, Bloco 2G, Sala 1, Campus Umuarama, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais Brazil
| | - Scheila Manica
- grid.8241.f0000 0004 0397 2876Centre of Forensic and Legal Medicine and Dentistry, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - André Abade
- Computer Science, Federal Institute of Science and Technology, Barra do Garças, Brazil
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Fiasconaro D, Cicione A, Di Giacomo F, Lombardo R, Disabato G, Voglino O, D’Annunzio S, Baldassarri V, Franco A, Rovesti L, Mancini E, Guarnotta G, Guercio A, Gallo G, Stira J, Turchi B, Gravina C, Tubaro A, De Nunzio C. Medications mostly associated with urinary tract infections (UTIS): assessment of the eudravigilance (EV) and food and drug administration (FDA) pharmacovigilance databases entries. EUR UROL SUPPL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(22)01110-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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De Nunzio C, Rovesti L, Lombardo R, Nacchia A, Ghezzo N, Riolo S, Cicione A, Turchi B, Gravina C, Gallo G, Guercio A, Stira J, Franco A, Mancini E, Baldassarri V, Voglino O, Guarnotta G, D’Annunzio S, Di Giacomo F, Disabato G, Tubaro A. Is MRI and fusion biopsies necessary in patients with PSA levels >10 ng/ml? EUR UROL SUPPL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(22)00995-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022] Open
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Franco A, da Silva DT, Lima LKG, Sanchez LC, Domiciano RBM, Moreira LP, Franco RPAV, Paranhos LR. Wound ballistics and the unusual injuries of the tandem bullet phenomenon: A systematic review of case-specific characteristics. J Forensic Leg Med 2022; 91:102427. [PMID: 36088772 DOI: 10.1016/j.jflm.2022.102427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This study revisited the forensic literature to compile case-specific characteristics of the tandem-bullet phenomenon (TBP). A systematic review was performed following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Protocols (PRISMA-P) and The Joanna Briggs Institute's manual. The protocol was registered in Open Science Framework. Ten primary databases and two sources of grey literature were searched, with descriptive studies on TBP, with information about the victim, weapon, ammunition and injuries, being included. From an initial sample of 2360 studies, 13 were eligible. The studies reported 11 male and 2 female victims, with ages between 14 and 63 years (mean = 39.45 ± 14.51 years); seven were victims of suicide (or suicide attempt); most of the victims (69.23%) were shot in the head and neck; and most (84.61%) had an entry and exit wound ratio of 1:0, respectively. The use of image exams to assess injuries and bullets was reported in 12 cases (92.30%). The most frequent reasons for the TBP were the mismatch between weapon and ammunition and the use of defective cartridges (76.92%). Forensic professionals must be aware of the case-specific characteristics of the TBP to overcome confounding factors in wound ballistics and medicolegal examinations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ademir Franco
- Division of Forensic Dentistry, Faculdade Sao Leopoldo Mandic, Brazil; Department of Therapeutic Stomatology, Sechenov University, Russia.
| | | | | | | | | | - Leandro Paniago Moreira
- Division of Forensic Dentistry, Faculdade Sao Leopoldo Mandic, Brazil; Crime Scene Investigation, General Institute of Forensics, Santa Catarina, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz Renato Paranhos
- Division of Preventive and Community Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Brazil
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Costa-Neri ARD, Costa-Oenning AC, Abreu-Alves TCD, Panzarella FK, Junqueira JL, Franco A. Students' perspective of the teaching-learning process of oral radiology before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. Acta Odontol Latinoam 2022; 35:134-143. [PMID: 36260945 DOI: 10.54589/aol.35/2/134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/01/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The SARS-Cov-2 (COVID-19) pandemic changed the educational structure of dentistry courses and highlighted the importance of online tools. Understanding students' perception regarding these changes is essential to establishing future teaching-learning strategies to accommodate students' needs in higher education. The aim of this study was to assess students' perceptions of the Oral Radiology teachinglearning process before and during the COVID-19 pandemic. The sample consisted of students (n = 111) of the 2nd, 4th and 6th semesters of the dentistry course, who answered a questionnaire with 21 items: A) Students' demographic data (5 questions); B) Students' teaching-learning experiences during the pre-pandemic period (8 questions); and C) Students' teaching-learning experiences during the post-pandemic period (8 questions). Stuart-Maxwell tests revealed statistically significant differences between students' opinions before and during the pandemic when they were asked about the structure of the Oral Radiology module (p = 0.008); their previous experience with e-learning and teaching (p < 0.001); their thoughts about the importance of e-learning in Oral Radiology (p < 0.05); and the time they spent online for academic purposes (p < 0.05). Students seem to prefer on-campus activities (before COVID-19), but the pandemic increased their awareness of the importance of e-learning, the time they spent on online studies, and their knowledge of online educational tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra R da Costa-Neri
- Research Institute and Faculty São Leopoldo Mandic, Division of Oral Radiology, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anne C Costa-Oenning
- Research Institute and Faculty São Leopoldo Mandic, Division of Oral Radiology, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thais C de Abreu-Alves
- Research Institute and Faculty São Leopoldo Mandic, Division of Forensic Dentistry, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Francine K Panzarella
- Research Institute and Faculty São Leopoldo Mandic, Division of Oral Radiology, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - José Lc Junqueira
- Research Institute and Faculty São Leopoldo Mandic, Division of Oral Radiology, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
| | - Ademir Franco
- Research Institute and Faculty São Leopoldo Mandic, Division of Forensic Dentistry, Campinas, Sao Paulo, Brazil
- Sechenov University, Institute of Dentistry, Department of Therapeutic Stomatology, Sechenov, Russia
- University of Dundee, United Kingdom, School of Dentistry, Centre of Forensic and Legal Medicine and Dentistry, Dundee, United Kingdom.
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Bueno JM, Gouveia CG, Mundim MBV, Franco A, Junqueira JLC, Nascimento MDCC. Effect of decompression and online transmission on the dimensional changes of .stl files generated by intra-oral scanning. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0272989. [PMID: 36108093 PMCID: PMC9477295 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0272989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/31/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Intraoral scans became part of the virtual planning in Dentistry. In the new scenario of digital workflows, dental clinics and laboratories had to establish an online communication that requires the compression, decompression, and transmission of 3D files. Knowledge about the effects of these procedures on the dimensional properties of the files is fundamental to ensure a more realistic virtual planning. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of 3D file compression, decompression, and online transmission on the dimensional properties of dental models from intraoral scanning. Intraoral scan files in.stl format of 50 patients were selected from the database of a dental radiology clinic, with 25 of these patients with mixed dentition and 25 with permanent dentition. The maxilla and mandible scans of each patient were included in the study, generating a total of 100 files. A folder with the 100 files was created and replicated six times with different labels (A, B, C, D, E, F), totaling a sample number of 600 files. Folder A was compressed by WinZip and then decompressed. Folder B went through the same process, but the step of compression and decompression by WinZip was repeated 10 times. The folders C, D, E, F were sent, respectively, through the platforms WeTransfer, Dropbox, Google Drive, and OneDrive, then each of them was downloaded in their respective platforms. After the six folders went through the compression process and were sent by the platforms, each file in the folder was compared with its original file by superimposing the 3D images and identifying the dimensional deviation in the compressed file in relation to the original file. We observed that there were no differences between the six groups regarding dimensional changes from the compression, decompression and online transmission processes. The lack of dimensional changes was observed for the sets of permanent and deciduous. teeth We concluded that it is possible to compress, decompress, and transfer.stl format files online without causing dimensional distortions in the 3D model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliano Martins Bueno
- Division of Oral Radiology, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, São Paulo (SP), Brazil
- Department of Oral Radiology, Centro Integrado de Radiodontologia, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil
| | - Carolina Guarniéri Gouveia
- Division of Oral Radiology, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, São Paulo (SP), Brazil
| | | | - Ademir Franco
- Department of Therapeutic Stomatology, Institute of Dentistry, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
- Division of Forensic Dentistry, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil
| | - José Luiz Cintra Junqueira
- Division of Oral Radiology, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, São Paulo (SP), Brazil
| | - Monikelly do Carmo Chagas Nascimento
- Division of Oral Radiology, Faculdade São Leopoldo Mandic, Instituto de Pesquisas São Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, São Paulo (SP), Brazil
- * E-mail:
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Wieser J, Chen A, Lee G, Baughman L, Pope E, Franco A, Verhave B, Johnson B, Love T, Beck L, Ryan Wolf J. 388 Impact of crisaborole & tacrolimus 0.03% on patient-reported outcomes and caregiver burden in children with atopic dermatitis. J Invest Dermatol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2022.05.397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Merdietio Boedi R, Shepherd S, Oscandar F, Mânica S, Franco A. Regressive changes of crown-root morphology and their volumetric segmentation for adult dental age estimation. J Forensic Sci 2022; 67:1890-1898. [PMID: 35819122 PMCID: PMC9540017 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.15094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Cone‐beam computed tomography (CBCT) enables the assessment of regressive morphological changes in teeth, which can be used to predict chronological age (CA) in adults. As each tooth region is known to have different correlations with CA, this study aimed to segment and quantify the sectional volumes of the tooth crown and root from CBCT scans to test their correlations with the chronological age (CA). Seventy‐five CBCT scans from individuals with age between 20 and 60 years were collected retrospectively from an existing database. A total of 192 intact maxillary anterior teeth fulfilled the eligibility criteria. The upper tooth volume ratio (UTVR), lower tooth volume ratio (LTVR), and sex were used as predictor variables. The UTVR and LTVR parameters were both found to be differently correlated to CA and independent from each other. Regression models were derived from each tooth, with the highest R2 being the maxillary lateral incisor (R2 = 0.67). Additional single predictor models using each ratio were capable of reliably predicting the CA. The segmentation approach in volumetric adult dental age estimation proved to be beneficial in enhancing the reliability of the regression model.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rizky Merdietio Boedi
- Centre of Forensic and Legal Medicine and Dentistry, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.,Department of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Diponegoro, Semarang, Indonesia
| | - Simon Shepherd
- Department of Oral Surgery, School of Dentistry, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Fahmi Oscandar
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology - Forensic Odontology, Faculty of Dentistry, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Scheila Mânica
- Centre of Forensic and Legal Medicine and Dentistry, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
| | - Ademir Franco
- Centre of Forensic and Legal Medicine and Dentistry, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK
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Martins VB, Oenning ACC, Guimarães LC, Junqueira JLC, Franco A. CBCT study on the prevalence, morphology and position of the mandibular incisive canal in a North-Brazilian population. J Clin Exp Dent 2022; 14:e534-e540. [PMID: 35912024 PMCID: PMC9328487 DOI: 10.4317/jced.59487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 05/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The mandibular incisive canal (MIC) is an anatomic structure to be considered in treatment planning for surgeries in the anterior region of the mandible. Awareness of the MIC increased with the use of 3D imaging for treatment planning, such as cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). This study aimed to use CBCT to assess the prevalence, morphology and position of the MIC among North-Brazilians.
Material and Methods The sample consisted of CBCT scans of 100 hemi-mandibles (50 individuals) that were assessed for the absolute (n) and relative frequency of the MIC. The morphological component of this study was the diameter (mm) of the detected MIC in five anatomic sites between the mental foramen and the midline. Within the interformainal region, the position of the MIC was assessed by measuring (mm) the distances between the MIC and the basal, vestibular and lingual cortical bone surfaces.
Results The prevalence of the MIC was >76% considering the different anatomic regions screened in CBCT. The mean diameter of the MIC progressively reduced from 1.29 mm to 0.86 throughout the five anatomic regions measured. The position of the MIC showed a downward trajectory away from the lingual cortical bone surface.
Conclusions MIC was a highly prevalent anatomic structure in the studied sample. The funnel-shaped outline of the MIC and its trajectory into the interforaminal region highlighted a major risk of damage to the neurovascular bundle in surgeries (e.g. implant placement) that are close to the mental foramen and the vestibular cortical bone. Key words:Anatomy, cone beam computed tomography, imaging, mandibular incisive canal, oral radiology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ademir Franco
- Division of Forensic Dentistry, Faculdade Sao Leopoldo Mandic, Brazil.,Centre of Forensic and Legal Medicine and Dentistry, University of Dundee, UK
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Goetten IFDS, Oenning ACC, Silva RF, Nuzzolese E, Lourenço Junior E, Franco A. Diagnostic accuracy of the third molar maturity index (I 3M) to assess the age of legal majority in Northern Brazil-population-specific cut-off values. Int J Legal Med 2022; 136:1507-1514. [PMID: 35708869 DOI: 10.1007/s00414-022-02857-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
International guidelines for dental age assessment have recommended the use of methods based on available population-specific data. The Third Molar Maturity Index (I3M) was previously validated in several populations worldwide. This was the first study to evaluate the I3M in a northern Brazilian population and to test the diagnostic accuracy of the method to distinguish between minors and adults. The sample consisted of 1.070 panoramic radiographs retrospectively collected from females (n = 595) and males (n = 475) with ages between 16 and 22 years. I3M's original cut-off value of 0.08 was used to classify individuals below and above the age of 18. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were plotted to assess the accuracy (ACC) of the method. In females and males separately, the overall ACC was 73.1% and 80%, respectively. The overall ACC for the combined sample was 76.1%. For northern Brazilian males, the best cut-off value remained 0.08, while for females, an adjustment to 0.12 showed optimal outcomes. The new cut-off value led to an ACC of 98.5% for females, which reflected an increase of 25.5% compared to the original cut-off value. The original cut-off value proposed by I3M was applicable to the present sample of northern Brazilian individuals. Adjustments to 0.12, however, may be encouraged to enhance the performance of the method among females.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Emilio Nuzzolese
- Section of Legal Medicine, Laboratory of Human Identification, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | | | - Ademir Franco
- Division of Forensic Dentistry, Faculdade Sao Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil.
- Department of Therapeutic Stomatology, Institute of Dentistry, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia.
- Centre of Forensic and Legal Medicine and Dentistry, University of Dundee, Nethergate DD1 4HN, Level 7, Dundee, T7015, UK.
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Pratas Penedos S, Freire M, Fonseca I, Franco A, Ribeiro N, Moreno L, Magalhães M, Afonso P, Alves I, Paulino L, Ramos C, Figueiredo M, Madruga L, Gamito A. MDMA-Assisted Therapy for Treatment-Resistant Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) – One step further toward a patient-centered treatment pathway. Eur Psychiatry 2022. [PMCID: PMC9567733 DOI: 10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.1731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction PTSD is a chronic, debilitating condition with limited treatment efficacy. Accessing traumatic memories often leads to overwhelming distress, impacting treatment process. Current approved pharmacological treatments have exhibited small to moderate effects when compared with placebo. Evidence suggests 3,4,-methylene-dioxymethamphetamine(MDMA)-assisted psychotherapy as a viable option for refractory PTSD. Objectives Comprehensive review of early clinical research, proposed mechanisms, safety and emerging therapeutic models. Methods Eligible studies will be identified through strategic search of MEDLINE. Results Pre-clinical and imaging studies suggest memory reconsolidation and fear extinction as candidate psychological and neurological mechanisms, involving MDMA’s combined effects of increasing serotonergic activity, as well the release of oxytocin and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in key memory and emotional circuits. Resulting reduction in amygdala and insula activation and increasing connectivity between the amygdala and hippocampus may create a “tolerance window” of neuroplasticity for emotional engagement and reprocessing of traumatic memories during psychotherapy. Early clinical trials report impressive and durable reduction in PTSD symptoms, with a safety profile comparable to that of SSRIs. A recently completed randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 3 trial reported full remission of PTSD symptoms in 67% of patients at 2 months, with no increase in suicidality, cardiovascular events or abuse behavior. Emerging treatment models underline the importance of unmedicated therapeutic sessions for preparation for the experience and subsequent integration as essential for full benefit and safety of the clinical context. Conclusions The psychological impact associated with the COVID-19 pandemic is an reminder of the emotional and economic burden associated with PTSD. MDMA-assisted therapy may be a breakthrough approach meriting further multidisciplinary investment and clinical research. Disclosure No significant relationships.
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Scardina L, Magno S, Franco A, Biondi E, Sanchez M, Di Leone A, D'Archi S, Carnassale B, Masetti R, Franceschini G. 123P Paget’s disease of the breast: Our 20-year experience. Ann Oncol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annonc.2022.03.140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Franco RPAV, Franco A, da Silva RF, Pinto PHV, Alves da Silva RH. Use of non-clinical smile images for human identification: a systematic review. J Forensic Odontostomatol 2022; 40:65-73. [PMID: 35499538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Human identification using Forensic Dentistry occurs through comparative analysis of ante-mortem (AM) and post-mortem (PM) data. With the constant improvement of technology, photographs became a common source of AM data. When clinical dental records are not available, images showing the smile can be useful in human identification. The aim of this study was to investigate human identification techniques through the analysis of smile images in the available literature. Studies on human identification through the analysis of smile images were searched in the scientific literature. The search resulted in 4,043 studies. After screening, 14 studies were considered eligible. Eleven were case reports, two were pilot studies and one a technical note. From the eligible studies, in addition to the methodological data, information about the sample, used techniques and results regarding human identification were extracted. Three techniques were detected: direct comparison of morphological characteristics, AM/PM image overlap, and the analysis of smile lines. One or more associated techniques were used for human identification. Authors highlighted as a common limitation of the techniques the quality of the available images, the difficulty in reproducing PM the same images AM, and the eventual image modifications performed by the victim before posting in social media. Advantages included the low-cost aspect of the technique, as well as a potential fast and accurate procedure (depending on the quantity and quality of evidence). In general, studies considered the technique useful and adjuvant for human identification.
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Affiliation(s)
- R P A V Franco
- Forensic Odontology Specialization Program, USP - University of São Paulo, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - A Franco
- Centre of Forensic and Legal Medicine and Dentistry, University of Dundee, UK
| | - R F da Silva
- Department of Dentistry - Forensic Odontology, Federal University of Goiás, Brazil
| | - P H V Pinto
- PhD Graduate Program, USP - University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, Brazil
| | - R H Alves da Silva
- Department of Stomatology, Public Health and Forensic Odontology, USP - University of São Paulo, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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Anees W, Franco A, Manica S. Non-accidental head and neck injuries in children and adolescents. J Forensic Odontostomatol 2022; 40:42-52. [PMID: 35499536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Child abuse or maltreatment has been a global problem and research shows that more than half of the cases present with head and neck injuries. This study aimed to propose an online referencing platform for dental professionals to know more about signs of child abuse and neglect (CAN) and how suspicious head and neck injuries might look like in real-life scenarios by proposing a 3D design. The study was divided into two parts: i) Integrative literature review, ii) Survey. The first part included an integrative literature review to check if there are enough publications by dentists containing real-life images of injuries related to CAN. Using appropriate keywords and searching across four well-known databases 264 publications relevant to CAN were found, of which, only 3 contained real-life images. Part II of the study included a JISC online survey, consisting of two sections, amongst general dentists, pediatric and forensic dentists. The first section of the survey was about the basic knowledge related to CAN management. A total of 61 dentists from 10 different countries filled the survey, of which 83.1% had seen common head and neck injuries involved in CAN, 61% knew about the dentist's role in reporting such cases, and 66.1% were familiar with local law enforcements to contact. The second section of the survey involved going through real-life scenarios to check the participants understanding of how to tackle a real-life case concluding that only 4-10 participants managed to figure the aspects vital to check before reporting such cases which include a proper detailed history, any previous injuries and their stage of progression, clinical examination of injuries and finally whether the injuries are consistent with the history given. To conclude, there is insufficient representation of the real-life head and neck injuries for dentists to see related to child abuse. Also, all specialists agreed that they require further training regarding CAN management with real-life examples. To address this, a 3d model of commonly seen head and neck injuries in CAN along with some other tools, was created for training and educational purposes and was embedded in a website https://3datlasofchildabuse.webflow.io/.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Anees
- Department of Forensic Odontology, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - A Franco
- Department of Forensic Odontology, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - S Manica
- Department of Forensic Odontology, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
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Machado MVF, Soares MQS, Baz AMSA, Junqueira JLC, Franco A. A large sample-sized study on dental development of children treated at the Central Dental Clinic (OCEx) of the Brazilian Army. Clin Oral Investig 2022; 26:5439-5447. [PMID: 35484357 DOI: 10.1007/s00784-022-04511-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2022] [Accepted: 04/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To test and compare the performance of two radiographic methods for dental age estimation on a large sample of Brazilian boys and girls. MATERIAL AND METHODS The sample consisted of 1.990 panoramic radiographs of Brazilian children (age: 3-15.9 years) equally balanced based on sex. The sample was distributed into ten age categories, each with up to 200 children. Age estimation was performed with Willems' (2001) and Demirjian's (1973) methods. Estimated (EA) and chronological (CA) ages were compared. The performances of the methods were quantified based on sex and age category. RESULTS The overall differences between CA and EA for Willems' method in boys and girls were 0.06 and - 0.02, respectively. For Demirjian's method, the differences were 0.60 and 0.74, respectively. The overestimations of Demirjian's method were statistically significant (p < 0.001). Willems' method reached the best outcomes among children between 3 and 12 years, while Demirjian's best performances were between the ages of 7 and 10 years. CONCLUSION Willems' method led to differences between CA and AE that were acceptable for clinical and forensic practice. CLINICAL RELEVANCE Age estimation may guide clinical decisions based on treatment timing. Validating international tools is necessary to promote evidence-based practice and country-specific application. This study overcame the limitations of previous research to provide a more realistic perspective of the performance of age estimation methods in Brazilian children. Willems' method had a superior performance compared to Demirjian's method and led to outcomes that were better than most studies with the Brazilian population.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Ademir Franco
- Division of Forensic Dentistry, Faculdade Sao Leopoldo Mandic, Campinas, Brazil. .,Centre of Forensic and Legal Medicine and Dentistry, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK.
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Silva PUJ, Oliveira MB, Vieira W, Cardoso SV, Blumenberg C, Franco A, Siqueira WL, Paranhos LR. Oral pigmentation as an adverse effect of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine use: A scoping review. Medicine (Baltimore) 2022; 101:e29044. [PMID: 35356915 PMCID: PMC10684193 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000029044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine are 2 medications used to treat some systemic diseases. OBJECTIVE The aim of this scoping review was to assess the occurrence of oral pigmentation induced by chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine and to understand the pathogenic mechanism behind this phenomenon. METHODS The review was performed according to the list of PRISMA SrC recommendations and the JBI Manual for Evidence Synthesis for Scoping Reviews. MEDLINE (PubMed), Scopus, EMBASE, SciELO, Web of Science, Lilacs, and LIVIVO were primary sources, and "gray literature" was searched in OpenThesis and Open Access Thesis and Dissertations (OATD). Studies that screened the occurrence of oral pigmentation associated to the use of chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine were considered eligible. No restrictions of year and language of publication were applied. Study selection and data extraction were performed by 2 independent reviewers. The risk of bias was assessed through the JBI tool, depending on the design of the selected studies. RESULTS The initial search resulted in 2238 studies, of which 19 were eligible. Sixteen studies were case reports, 2 had case-control design and 1 was cross-sectional. Throughout the studies, 44 cases of oral pigmentation were reported. The hard palate was the anatomic region most affected with pigmentation (66%). According to the case reports, most of the lesions (44%) were bluish-gray. The minimum time from the beginning of treatment (chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine) to the occurrence of pigmentation was 6 months. The mean treatment time with the medications was 4.9 years, and the mean drug dosage was 244 mg. Most of the studies (63.1%) had low risk of bias (high methodological quality). CONCLUSIONS The outcomes of this study suggest that hyperpigmentation depend on drug dosage and treatment length. Hyperpigmentation was detected after a long period of treatment with chloroquine or hydroxychloroquine.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Walter Luiz Siqueira
- Correspondence: Walter Luiz Siqueira, University of Saskatchewan, College of Dentistry, Saskatoon, Canada (e-mail: ).
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Rocha MFN, Pinto PHV, Franco A, da Silva RHA. Applicability of the mandibular canine index for sex estimation: a systematic review. Egypt J Forensic Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s41935-022-00270-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The Mandibular Canine Index (MCI) comprises a method of sex estimation by teeth that presents controversial results in the literature.
Main body
This systematic review aims to expose whether MCI can be used as a method of reliable sex estimation. A literature search was performed using the keywords “canine,” “sex,” “gender,” “determination,” “estimation,” “dimorphism,” “assessment,” “forensic” in the databases Pubmed, Scopus, Lilacs, Scielo, and Web of Science. In addition, manual searches were carried out on the reference lists of the selected articles to cover the largest number of articles of interest as possible. Studies that performed the measurements only on maxillary canines, scientific conferences abstract books, case reports and literature reviews were excluded. The assessment of methodological quality and risk of bias was carried out based on a checklist for cross-sectional studies and another for accuracy studies. Thus, 53 articles were selected, 13 of which were accurate and 40 were cross-sectional. All accuracy articles were assessed as low risk. Among cross-sectional articles, seven were considered to be of low risk, 31 of moderate risk, and two of high risk. The accuracy of the sex estimate by MCI was verified and, despite varying among studies, the minimum and maximum values found were, respectively, 20% and 87.5% for women and 40.6% and 94% for men.
Conclusion
The accuracy of the MCI was variable and should be used with caution and as an auxiliary method of sex estimation.
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De Nunzio C, Cicione A, Di Giacomo F, Disabato G, Nacchia A, Gravina C, Voglino O, Franco A, Lombardo R, Rovesti L, Baldassarri V, D'Annunzio S, Turchi B, Gallo G, Stira J, Guercio A, Guarnotta G, Tubaro A. Cardiovascular adverse events-related to GnRH agonists and GnRH antagonists: Analysis of real-life data from Eudra-Vigilance database. Eur Urol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(22)00290-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Nacchia A, Franco A, Rovesti L, Lombardo R, Cicione A, Spatafora P, Verdelli L, Gacci M, Al Salhi Y, Fuschi A, Sommatino F, Simonato A, Pastore A, Serni S, Carbone A, Tubaro A, De Nunzio C. Ureteral stent encrustation: Evaluation of forgotten encrustation calcification score, kidney ureter bladder score and encrustation burden score as predictors of a complex surgery. Eur Urol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(22)01120-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Kasinski S, Seixas Alves M, Serralha R, Tamaoki M, Rodrigues I, Bertolini A, Yorgos D, Punaro G, Mouro M, Gigek C, Franco A, Higa E, Lopes L, Higa E. POS-447 BENEFICIAL EFFECTS OF AEROBIC TRAINING ON THE NUCLEUS PULPOSUS OF THE INTERVERTEBRAL DISC OF DIABETIC RATS: ATTENUATION OF OXIDATIVE STRESS AND RENAL DYSFUNCTION. Kidney Int Rep 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2022.01.475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Franco A, Nacchia A, Disabato G, Voglino O, Baldassarri V, Lombardo R, D'Annunzio S, Cicione A, Rovesti L, Mancini E, Guarnotta G, Guercio A, Gallo G, Turchi B, Gravina C, Stira J, Tubaro A, De Nunzio C. Medications mostly associated with urinary retention: Assessment of the Eudravigilance (EV) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Pharmacovigilance database entries. Eur Urol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s0302-2838(22)00670-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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