1
|
Bingham A, Gundogan F, Rand K, Farrar J, Tucker R, Laptook AR. Placental Findings in Infants with Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy: The Importance of the Comparison Group. J Pediatr 2022; 242:106-112. [PMID: 34848190 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2021.11.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine the effect of 3 distinct comparison groups on associations between placental abnormalities and neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). STUDY DESIGN This single-center, prospective case-control study of singletons of gestational age ≥36 weeks with predefined criteria for HIE (n = 30) and 3 control groups was conducted from June 2015 to January 2018. The control groups were infants born by repeat cesarean delivery (n = 60), infants born small for gestational age (SGA; n = 80), and infants receiving positive-pressure ventilation (PPV) at birth (n = 70). One pathologist blinded to infant category reviewed placental sections using the Amsterdam Placental Workshop criteria. Logistic regression with group contrasts relative to HIE was used to analyze primary placental pathologies, and ORs with 95% CIs provided effect sizes. RESULTS The odds of maternal vascular malperfusion were increased among HIE group placentas compared with placentas of the repeat cesarean delivery (OR, 4.50; 95% CI, 1.45-14.00) and PPV (3.88; 1.35-11.16) groups, but not those of the SGA group. The odds of fetal vascular malperfusion were increased in the HIE group compared with the SGA group (OR, 9.75; 95% CI, 1.85-51.51). The odds of acute chorioamnionitis were higher in the HIE group compared only with the repeat cesarean delivery group, reflecting a similar incidence of chorioamnionitis in SGA group and PPV group placentas. The absence of placental findings was lowest in the HIE group (6.7%), followed by the SGA (18.8%), PPV (31.4%), and repeat cesarean delivery (75%) groups. CONCLUSIONS Associations with placental abnormalities among infants with HIE varied based on the specific placental abnormality and the control group. Potentially important associations between placental pathology and HIE may be obscured if control groups are not well designed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne Bingham
- Department of Pediatrics, Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Providence, RI
| | - Fusun Gundogan
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Katherine Rand
- Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA
| | - Jessica Farrar
- Department of Pediatrics, Hasbro Children's Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Richard Tucker
- Department of Pediatrics, Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| | - Abbot R Laptook
- Department of Pediatrics, Women & Infants Hospital of Rhode Island, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Viswanathan R, Bingham A, Raghav S, Arjunan SP, Jelfs B, Kempster P, Kumar DK. Normalized Mutual Information of phonetic sound to distinguish the speech of Parkinson's disease. Annu Int Conf IEEE Eng Med Biol Soc 2019; 2019:3523-3526. [PMID: 31946638 DOI: 10.1109/embc.2019.8857112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
This study has investigated the use of inter-personnel mutual information computed from the phonetic sound recordings to differentiate between Parkinson's disease (PD) and control subjects. The normalized mutual information (NMI) denotes the amount of information shared between the voice recordings of people within the same group: PD and Control. The hypothesis of this study was that within group NMI will be significantly different when compared with inter- group NMI. For each phonetic sound, the NMI was computed for every pairing of recordings for both the PD and control groups. Pearson correlation coefficient analysis was used to determine the association of NMI with clinical parameters including Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), Montreal cognitive assessment (MoCA) and disease duration. ANOVA test for the three phonetic sounds of control and PD subjects showed that there is significant difference between the intra-group mean NMI for the two groups (p <; 0.003) and also showed significant association with the UPDRS motor examination score, MoCA and disease duration.
Collapse
|
3
|
Bingham A, Laptook AR. Hypothermia for Neonatal Hypoxic-Ischemic Encephalopathy. Neurology 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-323-54392-7.00004-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
|
4
|
Appleton KM, Woodside JV, Arveiler D, Haas B, Amouyel P, Montaye M, Ferrieres J, Ruidavets JB, Yarnell JWG, Kee F, Evans A, Bingham A, Ducimetiere P, Patterson CC. A Role for Behavior in the Relationships Between Depression and Hostility and Cardiovascular Disease Incidence, Mortality, and All-Cause Mortality: the Prime Study. Ann Behav Med 2017; 50:582-91. [PMID: 26979997 PMCID: PMC4933737 DOI: 10.1007/s12160-016-9784-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Behavioral factors are important in disease incidence and mortality and may explain associations between mortality and various psychological traits. Purpose These analyses investigated the impact of behavioral factors on the associations between depression, hostility and cardiovascular disease(CVD) incidence, CVD mortality, and all-cause mortality. Methods Data from the PRIME Study (N = 6953 men) were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards models, following adjustment for demographic and biological CVD risk factors, and other psychological traits, including social support. Results Following initial adjustment, both depression and hostility were significantly associated with both mortality outcomes (smallest SHR = 1.24, p < 0.001). Following adjustment for behavioral factors, all relationships were attenuated both when accounting for and not accounting for other psychological variables. Associations with all-cause mortality remained significant (smallest SHR = 1.14, p = 0.04). Of the behaviors included, the most significant contribution to outcomes was found for smoking, but a role was also found for fruit and vegetable intakes and high alcohol consumption. Conclusions These findings demonstrate well-known associations between depression, hostility, and mortality and suggest the potential importance of behaviors in explaining these relationships.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K M Appleton
- Department of Psychology, Bournemouth University, Poole, BH12 5BB, UK.
| | - J V Woodside
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT12 6BJ, UK
| | - D Arveiler
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Strasbourg, EA3430, Strasbourg, France
| | - B Haas
- Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Strasbourg, EA3430, Strasbourg, France
| | - P Amouyel
- The Lille Monica Project, INSERM U744, Lille, France
| | - M Montaye
- The Lille Monica Project, INSERM U744, Lille, France
| | - J Ferrieres
- The Toulouse MONICA Project, INSERM UMR1027, Toulouse, France
| | - J B Ruidavets
- The Toulouse MONICA Project, INSERM UMR1027, Toulouse, France
| | - J W G Yarnell
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT12 6BJ, UK
| | - F Kee
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT12 6BJ, UK
| | - A Evans
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT12 6BJ, UK
| | - A Bingham
- The Coordinating Center, INSERM U780, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France
| | - P Ducimetiere
- The Coordinating Center, INSERM U780, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France
| | - C C Patterson
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and Biomedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, BT12 6BJ, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bingham A, Padbury JF. 50 Years Ago in The Journal of Pediatrics: Cellular Growth of Human Placenta. J Pediatr 2017; 188:69. [PMID: 28843311 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2017.03.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adrienne Bingham
- Division of Neonatology Women and Infants Hospital of Rhode Island Providence, Rhode Island
| | - James F Padbury
- Division of Neonatology Women and Infants Hospital of Rhode Island Providence, Rhode Island
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Brulé V, Alsaaran R, Percy V, Bingham A, Cooney M, Popescu D, Benlamri A, Laks J, Dhaliwal G, Tien-Estrada J. 190: Banning Tanning. Paediatr Child Health 2015. [DOI: 10.1093/pch/20.5.e101b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
|
7
|
Appleton K, Woodside J, Arveiler D, Haas B, Amouyel P, Montaye M, Ferrieres J, Ruidavets J, Yarnell J, Kee F, Evans A, Bingham A, Ducimetiere P, Patterson C. EPA-0229 - Association between depression and mortality depends on methodology used. Eur Psychiatry 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(14)77683-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
|
8
|
Appleton KM, Woodside JV, Arveiler D, Haas B, Amouyel P, Montaye M, Ferrieres J, Ruidavets JB, Yarnell JWG, Kee F, Evans A, Bingham A, Ducimetiere P, Patterson CC. Depression and mortality: artifact of measurement and analysis? J Affect Disord 2013; 151:632-638. [PMID: 23948631 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2013.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2013] [Revised: 07/09/2013] [Accepted: 07/10/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous research demonstrates various associations between depression, cardiovascular disease (CVD) incidence and mortality, possibly as a result of the different methodologies used to measure depression and analyse relationships. This analysis investigated the association between depression, CVD incidence (CVDI) and mortality from CVD (MCVD), smoking related conditions (MSRC), and all causes (MALL), in a sample data set, where depression was measured using items from a validated questionnaire and using items derived from the factor analysis of a larger questionnaire, and analyses were conducted based on continuous data and grouped data. METHODS Data from the PRIME Study (N=9798 men) on depression and 10-year CVD incidence and mortality were analysed using Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS Using continuous data, both measures of depression resulted in the emergence of positive associations between depression and mortality (MCVD, MSRC, MALL). Using grouped data, however, associations between a validated measure of depression and MCVD, and between a measure of depression derived from factor analysis and all measures of mortality were lost. LIMITATIONS Low levels of depression, low numbers of individuals with high depression and low numbers of outcome events may limit these analyses, but levels are usual for the population studied. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate a possible association between depression and mortality but detecting this association is dependent on the measurement used and method of analysis. Different findings based on methodology present clear problems for the elucidation and determination of relationships. The differences here argue for the use of validated scales where possible and suggest against over-reduction via factor analysis and grouping.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K M Appleton
- Psychology, DEC, Bournemouth University, Dorset BH12 5BB, United Kingdom.
| | - J V Woodside
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and BioMedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BJ, United Kingdom
| | - D Arveiler
- The Strasbourg MONICA Project, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, EA 3430, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - B Haas
- The Strasbourg MONICA Project, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, EA 3430, University of Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - P Amouyel
- The Lille Monica Project, INSERM U744, Lille, France
| | - M Montaye
- The Lille Monica Project, INSERM U744, Lille, France
| | - J Ferrieres
- The Toulouse MONICA Project, INSERM U558, Toulouse, France
| | - J B Ruidavets
- The Toulouse MONICA Project, INSERM U558, Toulouse, France
| | - J W G Yarnell
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and BioMedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BJ, United Kingdom
| | - F Kee
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and BioMedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BJ, United Kingdom
| | - A Evans
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and BioMedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BJ, United Kingdom
| | - A Bingham
- The Coordinating Center, INSERM U780, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France
| | - P Ducimetiere
- The Coordinating Center, INSERM U780, Hôpital Paul Brousse, Villejuif, France
| | - C C Patterson
- School of Medicine, Dentistry and BioMedical Sciences, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast BT12 6BJ, United Kingdom
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Yeung A, Temple-Smith M, Bingham A, Fairley C, Law M, Guy R, Low N, Donovan B, Kaldor J, Hocking J. P3.019* Is Concurrency, Number of Partners or Duration of Partnership the Most Important Factor Associated with Chlamydia in Young Australian Adults? Br J Vener Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/sextrans-2013-051184.0479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
|
10
|
Dumesnil C, Dauchet L, Ruidavets JB, Bingham A, Arveiler D, Ferrières J, Ducimetière P, Haas B, Bongard V, Wagner A, Amouyel P, Dallongeville J. Alcohol consumption patterns and body weight. Ann Nutr Metab 2013; 62:91-7. [PMID: 23327878 DOI: 10.1159/000342839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2012] [Accepted: 08/21/2012] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/AIMS The impact of alcohol on health depends on both the total amount ingested per week and the drinking pattern. Our goal was to assess the relationship between drinking occasions and anthropometric indicators of adiposity. METHODS For this cross-sectional study, 7,855 men aged 50-59 years were recruited between 1991 and 1993 in France. Clinical and anthropometric data were obtained in a standardized clinical examination by trained staff. Alcohol intake was assessed by a questionnaire recording daily consumption of each type of alcohol during a typical week. RESULTS 75% of the participants drank alcohol daily (264.7 ml per week). For a given total alcohol intake and after adjustment of confounders, the number of drinking episodes was inversely correlated with body mass index (p < 0.0001) and waist circumference (p < 0.0001). The odds ratio (95% confidence interval) for obesity was 1.8 (1.3-2.4) for occasional (1-2 days/week) and 1.6 (1.2-2.1) for frequent drinkers (3-5 days/week) compared with daily drinkers. This correlation was less pronounced in moderate (<140 ml/week) than intermediate consumers (140-280 ml/week). In heavy consumers (>280 ml/week), the intake was almost always daily. The results were similar for wine and beer consumption. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that drinking occasion is a risk indicator of obesity independent of total alcohol intake.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Dumesnil
- INSERM, U744, Université Nord de France, Lille, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Poisson T, Dallongeville J, Evans A, Ducimetierre P, Amouyel P, Yarnell J, Bingham A, Kee F, Dauchet L. Fruit and vegetable intake and smoking cessation. Eur J Clin Nutr 2012; 66:1247-53. [DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2012.70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
12
|
Woodside JV, Yarnell JWG, Patterson CC, Arveiler D, Amouyel P, Ferrières J, Kee F, Evans A, Bingham A, Ducimetière P. Do lifestyle behaviours explain socioeconomic differences in all-cause mortality, and fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events? Evidence from middle aged men in France and Northern Ireland in the PRIME Study. Prev Med 2012; 54:247-53. [PMID: 22306980 DOI: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2012.01.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2011] [Revised: 01/19/2012] [Accepted: 01/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the contribution of lifestyle behaviours to the socioeconomic gradient in all-cause mortality, and fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events. METHOD 10,600 men aged 50-59 years examined in 1991-1994 in Northern Ireland (NI) and France and followed annually for deaths and cardiovascular events for 10 years. Baseline smoking habit, physical activity, and fruit, vegetable, and alcohol consumption were assessed. RESULTS All lifestyle behaviours showed marked socioeconomic gradients for most indicators in NI and France, with the exception of percentage of alcohol consumers in NI and frequency of alcohol consumption in NI and France. At 10 years, there were 544 deaths from any cause and 440 fatal and non-fatal cardiovascular events. After adjustment for country and age, socioeconomic gradients were further adjusted for lifestyle behaviours. For total mortality, the median residual contribution of lifestyle behaviours was 28% and for cardiovascular incidence, 41%. When cardiovascular risk factors were considered in conjunction with lifestyle behaviours these percentages increased to 38% and 67% respectively. CONCLUSION Lifestyle behaviours contribute to the gradient in mortality and cardiovascular incidence between socioeconomic groups, particularly for cardiovascular incidence, but a substantial proportion of these differentials was not explained by lifestyle behaviours and cardiovascular risk factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J V Woodside
- Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, United Kingdom.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Dumesnil C, Dauchet L, Ruidavets JB, Bingham A, Arveiler D, Ferrières J, Ducimetière P, Wagner A, Dallongeville J. P030 Effets de la quantité et des modalités de consommation de l’alcool sur l’indice de masse corporelle et le risque de surpoids. NUTR CLIN METAB 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0985-0562(11)70097-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
14
|
Canouï-Poitrine F, Luc G, Mallat Z, Machez E, Bingham A, Ferrieres J, Ruidavets JB, Montaye M, Yarnell J, Haas B, Arveiler D, Morange P, Kee F, Evans A, Amouyel P, Ducimetiere P, Empana JP. Systemic chemokine levels, coronary heart disease, and ischemic stroke events: the PRIME study. Neurology 2011; 77:1165-73. [PMID: 21849651 DOI: 10.1212/wnl.0b013e31822dc7c8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To quantify the association between systemic levels of the chemokine regulated on activation normal T-cell expressed and secreted (RANTES/CCL5), interferon-γ-inducible protein-10 (IP-10/CXCL10), monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1/CCL2), and eotaxin-1 (CCL11) with future coronary heart disease (CHD) and ischemic stroke events and to assess their usefulness for CHD and ischemic stroke risk prediction in the PRIME Study. METHODS After 10 years of follow-up of 9,771 men, 2 nested case-control studies were built including 621 first CHD events and 1,242 matched controls and 95 first ischemic stroke events and 190 matched controls. Standardized hazard ratios (HRs) for each log-transformed chemokine were estimated by conditional logistic regression. RESULTS None of the 4 chemokines were independent predictors of CHD, either with respect to stable angina or to acute coronary syndrome. Conversely, RANTES (HR = 1.70; 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05-2.74), IP-10 (HR = 1.53; 95% CI 1.06-2.20), and eotaxin-1 (HR = 1.59; 95% CI 1.02-2.46), but not MCP-1 (HR = 0.99; 95% CI 0.68-1.46), were associated with ischemic stroke independently of traditional cardiovascular risk factors, hs-CRP, and fibrinogen. When the first 3 chemokines were included in the same multivariate model, RANTES and IP-10 remained predictive of ischemic stroke. Their addition to a traditional risk factor model predicting ischemic stroke substantially improved the C-statistic from 0.6756 to 0.7425 (p = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS In asymptomatic men, higher systemic levels of RANTES and IP-10 are independent predictors of ischemic stroke but not of CHD events. RANTES and IP-10 may improve the accuracy of ischemic stroke risk prediction over traditional risk factors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Canouï-Poitrine
- INSERM U970, The Paris Cardiovascular Research Centre (PARCC), 56 rue Leblanc, Paris, F-75015, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Ruidavets JB, Luc G, Machez E, Genoux AL, Kee F, Arveiler D, Morange P, Woodside JV, Amouyel P, Evans A, Ducimetière P, Bingham A, Ferrières J, Perret B. Effects of insulin-like growth factor 1 in preventing acute coronary syndromes: the PRIME study. Atherosclerosis 2011; 218:464-9. [PMID: 21708381 DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2011.05.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2010] [Revised: 05/24/2011] [Accepted: 05/26/2011] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) has been associated with cardiovascular risk factors and atherosclerosis. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the prognostic value of IGF-1 concentrations with respect to occurrence of well-defined coronary syndromes. METHODS The PRIME study is a prospective cohort having included 10,600 subjects from Northern Ireland and France. Detailed information on cardiovascular risk factors, socioeconomic and behavioural variables were collected and a cardiologic examination was performed. At 5-year follow-up, 317 incident cases of coronary events were recorded according to strict protocols. They were matched to 634 age- and centre-paired controls from the same cohort, free of coronary disease. Baseline IGF-1 concentrations were measured, together with variables of lipid and glucose metabolism and markers of vascular and systemic inflammation. RESULTS Baseline IGF-1 concentration was lower in subjects developing an acute coronary syndrome than in unaffected controls. IGF-1 levels correlated negatively with age, waist circumference, tobacco consumption and markers of inflammation. Subjects in the highest quartile of IGF-1 distribution had a 55% reduction in the relative risk of developing myocardial infarction and a 45% decrease for all-combined acute coronary syndromes. A similar trend, although non-significant, was noted for angina pectoris. Multiple adjustments on classical risk factors and inflammation markers did not affect IGF-1 results. Elevated levels of both IGF-1 and apo A-I conferred a significantly greater risk reduction than either one alone. However, interaction between the two markers was not significant. CONCLUSION Like HDL markers, high levels of IGF-1 confer protection against coronary artery disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J B Ruidavets
- Department of Epidemiology, Toulouse University School of Medicine, Toulouse, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Yarnell JWG, Patterson CC, Arveiler D, Amouyel P, Ferrières J, Woodside JV, Haas B, Montaye M, Ruidavets JB, Kee F, Evans A, Bingham A, Ducimetière P. Contribution of lifetime smoking habit in France and Northern Ireland to country and socioeconomic differentials in mortality and cardiovascular incidence: the PRIME Study. J Epidemiol Community Health 2011; 66:599-604. [PMID: 21502090 DOI: 10.1136/jech.2010.123943] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study examines the contribution of lifetime smoking habit to the socioeconomic gradient in all-cause and smoking-related mortality and in cardiovascular incidence in two countries. METHODS 10,600 men aged 50-59 years were examined in 1991-4 in centres in Northern Ireland and France and followed annually for 10 years. Deaths and cardiovascular events were documented. Current smoking habit, lifetime smoking (pack-years) and other health behaviours were evaluated at baseline. As socio-occupational coding schemes differ between the countries seven proxy socioeconomic indicators were used. RESULTS Lifetime smoking habit showed marked associations with most socioeconomic indicators in both countries, but lifetime smoking was more than 10 pack-years greater overall in Northern Ireland and smoking patterns differed. Total mortality was 49% higher in Northern Ireland than in France, and smoking-related mortality and cardiovascular incidence were 93% and 92% higher, respectively. Both lifetime smoking and fibrinogen contributed independently to these differentials, but together explained only 42% of the difference in total mortality between countries, adjusted for both biological and lifestyle confounders. Socioeconomic gradients were steeper for total and smoking-related mortality than for cardiovascular incidence. Residual contributions of lifetime smoking habit ranged from 6% to 34% for the seven proxy indicators of socioeconomic position for total and smoking-related mortality. Socioeconomic gradients in cardiovascular incidence were minimal following adjustment for confounders. CONCLUSION In Northern Ireland and France lifetime smoking appeared to explain a significant part of the gradients in total and smoking-related mortality between socioeconomic groups, but the contribution of smoking was generally small for cardiovascular incidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J W G Yarnell
- Centre for Public Health, Queens University of Belfast, ICS Block B, RVH site, Grosvenor Road, Belfast BT12 6BJ, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Dauchet L, Montaye M, Ruidavets JB, Arveiler D, Kee F, Bingham A, Ferrières J, Haas B, Evans A, Ducimetière P, Amouyel P, Dallongeville J. Association between the frequency of fruit and vegetable consumption and cardiovascular disease in male smokers and non-smokers. Eur J Clin Nutr 2010; 64:578-86. [PMID: 20354560 DOI: 10.1038/ejcn.2010.46] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES Consumption of fruit and vegetables (F&V) is associated with a lower cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Smoking may affect the strength of this association. The objective of this study was to compare the relationship between the frequency of F&V intake and CVD risk in male current, former and never smokers. SUBJECTS/METHODS A prospective study in men (n=8060) aged 50-59 years who were recruited in France and Northern Ireland. The frequency of F&V intake was assessed by using a food frequency questionnaire. The outcome criteria were incident cases of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and total CVD (coronary heart disease and stroke) over 10-year period. RESULTS A total of 367 ACS and 612 CVD events occurred during the follow-up period. A multivariate analysis revealed a statistically significant interaction between smoking status and F&V intake for ACS and for CVD (both P's<0.05). In current smokers, the relative risks for ACS were 0.78 (0.54-1.13) and 0.49 (0.30-0.81) in the second and third tertiles of F&V intake, respectively (P for trend<0.001); for CVD, the values were 0.80 (0.59-1.08) and 0.64 (0.44-0.93) respectively (P for trend<0.001). In contrast, no statistically significant associations were observed for never and former smokers. Similar statistical interactions for ACS were observed for fruit intake (P=0.07) and vegetable intake (P<0.05) taken separately. CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that high fruit and vegetable intake is associated with a lower risk of CVD in male smokers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Dauchet
- Institut Pasteur de Lille, INSERM, Université Lille Nord de France, Lille, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Gruson E, Montaye M, Kee F, Wagner A, Bingham A, Ruidavets JB, Haas B, Evans A, Ferrières J, Ducimetière PP, Amouyel P, Dallongeville J. Anthropometric assessment of abdominal obesity and coronary heart disease risk in men: the PRIME study. Heart 2010; 96:136-40. [PMID: 19561364 DOI: 10.1136/hrt.2009.171447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Waist-to-height ratio is an anthropometric indicator of abdominal obesity that accounts for stature. Earlier studies have reported marked associations between the waist-to-height ratio and cardiovascular risk factors. The goal of this study was to compare the associations of waist-to-height ratio, waist girth, waist-to-hip ratio or body mass index (BMI) with incidence of coronary events. DESIGN Prospective study with 10 602 men, aged 50-59 years, recruited between 1991 and 1993 in three centres in France and one centre in Northern Ireland. Clinical and biological data were obtained at interview by trained staff. During the 10 years of follow-up 659 incident coronary events (CHD) were recorded. The relations between anthropometric markers and coronary events were estimated by Cox proportional hazards models. RESULTS Waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, waist-to-height ratios and BMI were positively associated with blood pressure (p<0.0001), diabetes (p<0.0001), low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol (p<0.0001), triglycerides (p<0.0001) and inversely correlated to high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol (p<0.0001). There was a linear association between waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, waist-to-height ratio, BMI and CHD events. The age-adjusted and centre-adjusted relative risks (95% CI) for CHD were 1.57 (1.22 to 2.01), 1.75 (1.34 to 2.87), 2.3 (1.79 to 2.99) and 1.99 (1.54 to 2.56) in the 5th quintile vs the first quintile of waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio, waist-to-height ratio and BMI distribution, respectively. After further adjustment for school duration, physical activity, tobacco and alcohol consumption, hypertension, diabetes, HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides, the relative risks for CHD were 0.99 (0.76 to 1.30) for waist circumference (p = 0.5), 1.22 (0.93 to 1.60) for waist-to-hip ratio (p = 0.1), 1.53 (1.16 to 2.01) for waist-to-height ratio (p = 0.03) and 1.30 (0.99 to 1.71) for BMI (p = 0.06). CONCLUSION In middle-aged European men, waist-to-height ratio identifies coronary risk more strongly than waist circumference, waist-to-hip ratio or BMI, though the difference is marginal.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- E Gruson
- INSERM U744, Institut Pasteur de Lille, 59019 Lille, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
19
|
Blacher J, Evans A, Arveiler D, Amouyel P, Ferrières J, Bingham A, Yarnell J, Haas B, Montaye M, Ruidavets JB, Ducimetière P. Residual cardiovascular risk in treated hypertension and hyperlipidaemia: the PRIME Study. J Hum Hypertens 2009; 24:19-26. [DOI: 10.1038/jhh.2009.34] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
20
|
Jackson D, White I, Kostis JB, Wilson AC, Folsom AR, Wu K, Chambless L, Benderly M, Goldbourt U, Willeit J, Kiechl S, Yarnell JWG, Sweetnam PM, Elwood PC, Cushman M, Psaty BM, Tracy RP, Tybjaerg-Hansen A, Haverkate F, de Maat MPM, Thompson SG, Fowkes FGR, Lee AJ, Smith FB, Salomaa V, Harald K, Rasi V, Vahtera E, Jousilahti P, D'Agostino R, Kannel WB, Wilson PWF, Tofler G, Levy D, Marchioli R, Valagussa F, Rosengren A, Wilhelmsen L, Lappas G, Eriksson H, Cremer P, Nagel D, Curb JD, Rodriguez B, Yano K, Salonen JT, Nyyssönen K, Tuomainen TP, Hedblad B, Engström G, Berglund G, Loewel H, Koenig W, Hense HW, Meade TW, Cooper JA, De Stavola B, Knottenbelt C, Miller GJ, Cooper JA, Bauer KA, Rosenberg RD, Sato S, Kitamura A, Naito Y, Iso H, Salomaa V, Harald K, Rasi V, Vahtera E, Jousilahti P, Palosuo T, Ducimetiere P, Amouyel P, Arveiler D, Evans AE, Ferrieres J, Juhan-Vague I, Bingham A, Schulte H, Assmann G, Cantin B, Lamarche B, Despres JP, Dagenais GR, Tunstall-Pedoe H, Lowe GDO, Woodward M, Ben-Shlomo Y, Davey Smith G, Palmieri V, Yeh JL, Meade TW, Rudnicka A, Brennan P, Knottenbelt C, Cooper JA, Ridker P, Rodeghiero F, Tosetto A, Shepherd J, Lowe GDO, Ford I, Robertson M, Brunner E, Shipley M, Feskens EJM, Di Angelantonio E, Kaptoge S, Lewington S, Lowe GDO, Sarwar N, Thompson SG, Walker M, Watson S, White IR, Wood AM, Danesh J. Systematically missing confounders in individual participant data meta-analysis of observational cohort studies. Stat Med 2009; 28:1218-37. [PMID: 19222087 PMCID: PMC2922684 DOI: 10.1002/sim.3540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
One difficulty in performing meta-analyses of observational cohort studies is that the availability of confounders may vary between cohorts, so that some cohorts provide fully adjusted analyses while others only provide partially adjusted analyses. Commonly, analyses of the association between an exposure and disease either are restricted to cohorts with full confounder information, or use all cohorts but do not fully adjust for confounding. We propose using a bivariate random-effects meta-analysis model to use information from all available cohorts while still adjusting for all the potential confounders. Our method uses both the fully adjusted and the partially adjusted estimated effects in the cohorts with full confounder information, together with an estimate of their within-cohort correlation. The method is applied to estimate the association between fibrinogen level and coronary heart disease incidence using data from 154 012 participants in 31 cohorts.† Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Collapse
|
21
|
Douste-Blazy P, Ruidavets JB, Arveiler D, Bingham A, Camaré R, Schaffer P, Aby MA, Richard JL. Comparison of cardiovascular risk factor levels in two French populations: Haute-Garonne (Toulouse) and Bas-Rhin (Strasbourg). Acta Med Scand Suppl 2009; 728:137-43. [PMID: 3202022 DOI: 10.1111/j.0954-6820.1988.tb05565.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Cardiovascular risk factors were studied from 1985 to 1987 in population samples in two French regions with different ischaemic heart disease mortality rates in Bas-Rhin (Strasbourg MONICA centre) and in Haute-Garonne (Toulouse MONICA centre). These rates were, among men, 109/100,000 in Bas-Rhin, and 72/100,000 in Haute-Garonne. 1,253 and 1,319 men and women aged 35-64 participated in the survey. In each region, identical investigation methodology was used, according to MONICA protocol. The average weight in both sexes was higher in Bas-Rhin than in Haute-Garonne (5 Kg more for men and 6 Kg more for women). After adjustment for age, body mass index and tobacco consumption, arterial systolic blood pressure was higher for men in Bas-Rhin (145 mm Hg) than in Haute-Garonne (133 mm Hg). Similar differences were observed in women. Higher proportions of hypertensive participants of both sexes and in all age groups were registered in Bas-Rhin than in Haute-Garonne. The number of smokers and the amount of tobacco consumption did not differ between the two centres. Mean serum cholesterol was higher in Haute Garonne (5.95 mmol/L for men and 5.88 mmol/L for women) than in Bas-Rhin (5.57 mmol/L for men and 5.51 mmol/L for women). Also high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol values were higher in Haute-Garonne, and can partly explain the regional difference in total cholesterol.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Douste-Blazy
- Registre Haute-Garonne des cardiopathies ischémiques, INSERM Unité 101-ORSMIP-Toulouse-France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
22
|
Katahoire RA, Jitta J, Kivumbi G, Murokora D, Arube WJ, Siu G, Arinaitwe L, Bingham A, Mugisha E, Tsu V, LaMontagne DS. An assessment of the readiness for introduction of the HPV vaccine in Uganda. Afr J Reprod Health 2008; 12:159-172. [PMID: 19435020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Formative research assessing human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine readiness in Uganda was conducted in 2007. The objective was to generate evidence for government decision-making and operational planning for HPV vaccine introduction. Qualitative research methods with children, parents, teachers, community leaders, health workers, technical experts and political leaders were used to capture understanding of socio-cultural, health system and policy environments. We found low levels of knowledge about cervical cancer and HPV. Vaccination and its benefits were well-understood; respondents were positive about HPV vaccination. Health systems were deemed adequate for HPV vaccine delivery. Schools were identified as a vaccination venue, given high attendance by girls aged 10-12 years. Communication and advocacy strategies to foster acceptance should provide information on cervical cancer, HPV vaccine safety, and side effects. Policymakers requested further detail on costs. Introduction of HPV vaccine could be integrated into existing reproductive health and immunization policies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- R A Katahoire
- Child Health and Development Centre, Makerere University Medical School, P.O. Box 6717, Kampala, Uganda
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
23
|
Canouï-Poitrine F, Bingham A, Luc G, Bard JM, Ferrieres J, Ruidavets JB, Montaye M, Yarnell J, Haas B, Arveiler D, Evans A, Amouyel P, Ducimetière P, Empana JP. Association différentielle des lipides circulants avec le risque d’évènement coronaire et d’accident vasculaire cérébral ischémique incident. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2008.06.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
|
24
|
Ruidavets JB, Montaye M, Haas Bernadette B, Bingham A, Amouyel P, Ferrières J, Arveiler D, Ducimetière P. Surveillance des événements coronaires aigus dans les trois régions MONICA françaises en 2006. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2008.06.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022] Open
|
25
|
Empana JP, Canoui-Poitrine F, Luc G, Juhan-Vague I, Morange P, Arveiler D, Ferrieres J, Amouyel P, Bingham A, Montaye M, Ruidavets JB, Haas B, Evans A, Ducimetiere P. Contribution of novel biomarkers to incident stable angina and acute coronary syndrome: the PRIME Study. Eur Heart J 2008; 29:1966-74. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehn331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
|
26
|
Winkler J, Bingham A, Coffey P, Handwerker WP. Women's participation in a cervical cancer screening program in northern Peru. Health Educ Res 2008; 23:10-24. [PMID: 17229778 DOI: 10.1093/her/cyl156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Cervical cancer is often the most common cancer among women in developing countries, yet current screening efforts have not been effective in reducing incidence and mortality rates in these settings. In an effort to increase knowledge about screening participation in low-resource settings, this study sought to identify key factors affecting women's participation in a cervical screening program in north central Peru. We studied women who were exposed to various health promotion educational activities and compared a total of 156 women who sought screening between July 2001 and October 2003 with 155 women who did not. Results from logistic regression identified four significant predictors of screening: higher relative wealth, knowing other screened women, seeking care from a health facility when sick and satisfaction with services at the health facility. When we restricted our analysis to women who had experienced screening in the past, two additional predictors emerged: having a husband who was supportive of screening participation and attending an awareness-raising session. These results have important programmatic value for tailoring outreach efforts for women and indicate that different strategies may be required to best reach women who have never been screened.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Winkler
- PATH, 1455 NW Leary Way, Seattle, WA 98107-5136, USA.
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
27
|
Appleton KM, Woodside JV, Yarnell JWG, Arveiler D, Haas B, Amouyel P, Montaye M, Ferrières J, Ruidavets JB, Ducimetiere P, Bingham A, Evans A. Depressed mood and dietary fish intake: direct relationship or indirect relationship as a result of diet and lifestyle? J Affect Disord 2007; 104:217-23. [PMID: 17475339 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2007.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2006] [Revised: 03/23/2007] [Accepted: 03/23/2007] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies have suggested an association between depressed mood and the dietary intake of fish. In all cases, however, dietary fish intake has been considered at the exclusion of all other aspects of the diet. This analysis investigates associations between depressed mood and dietary fish intake, while also concurrently investigating intake of a number of other dietary components. The analysis is conducted on data from 10,602 men from Northern Ireland and France screened for inclusion into the PRIME cohort study. Depressed mood was assessed using a self-report questionnaire based on the Welsh Pure Depression sub-scale of the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory, diet was assessed using a Food Frequency Questionnaire, and limited demographics were also measured. Using regression, depressed mood is initially inversely associated with dietary fish intake. On inclusion of all other dietary variables, the strength of this relationship reduces but remains, and significant associations with a number of other foods are also found. On additional inclusion of all demographic variables, the strength of the above relationships again reduces, and associations with various measures of socio-economic status and education are also significant. These findings suggest that depressed mood is associated with fish intake both directly, and indirectly as part of a diet that is associated with depression and as part of a lifestyle that is associated with depression. Additional support for these conclusions is also provided in the pattern of associations between depressed mood and diet in the two countries. The relative contributions of fish intake to depressed mood both directly and indirectly are yet to be determined. However, while diet is not measured and until lifestyle can be adequately measured, the potential roles of diet and lifestyle in the association between depressed mood and dietary fish intake should not be ignored.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K M Appleton
- School of Psychology, Queen's University Belfast, 18-30 Malone Road, Belfast, BT9 5BP, United Kingdom.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
28
|
Appleton KM, Woodside JV, Yarnell JWG, Arveiler D, Haas B, Amouyel P, Montaye M, Ferrières J, Ruidavets JB, Ducimetière P, Bingham A, Evans A. Type A behaviour and consumption of an atherogenic diet: No association in the PRIME study. Appetite 2007; 49:554-60. [PMID: 17498842 DOI: 10.1016/j.appet.2007.03.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2006] [Revised: 02/27/2007] [Accepted: 03/23/2007] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
It has previously been suggested that the association between Type A behaviour and coronary heart disease (CHD) may be mediated through diet. This analysis investigates associations between Type A behaviour and diet, with particular focus on foods high in saturated fats and cholesterol (cake, cheese, eggs and fried potatoes), foods high in unsaturated fats (fish and nuts), and fruit and vegetables. The analysis was conducted on data collected from 10,602 men from Northern Ireland and France screened for inclusion in the PRIME cohort study. Type A behaviour was measured using the Framingham Type A Behaviour Patterns Questionnaire, diet was measured using a Food Frequency Questionnaire and various demographic details were also assessed. Levels of Type A behaviour and intakes of all food groups were similar to previous studies. Using regression, Type A behaviour was significantly associated with diet, and specifically with a higher consumption of cheese and vegetables in Northern Ireland, and a higher consumption of cake, fish and vegetables in France. These associations are most plausibly explained as a result of lifestyle, although the possibility of independent associations between Type A behaviour and diet remains. The work is limited by the use of questionnaires, but the findings available suggest that Type A behaviour is unlikely to be associated with the consumption of a diet that has previously been linked to CHD. These findings suggest that any association between Type A behaviour and CHD is unlikely to be mediated through diet.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- K M Appleton
- School of Psychology, Queen's University of Belfast, 18-30 Malone Road, Belfast BT9 5BP, UK.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
29
|
Ducimetière P, Jougla E, Haas B, Montaye M, Ruidavets JB, Amouyel P, Arveiler D, Ferrières J, Bingham A. [Coronary mortality in France according to data sources]. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2007; 54:453-61. [PMID: 17149166 DOI: 10.1016/s0398-7620(06)76743-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Since 1985, two sources of information currently yield coronary disease frequency indicators among the French population: the national cause of death statistics set up by the CépiDC (INSERM), on the one hand, and three registries recording myocardial infarction and coronary deaths as defined by the WHO MONICA Project in three regions (Bas-Rhin, Communauté Urbaine de Lille, Haute-Garonne) on the other hand. Particularly, an inquiry for each possibly coronary death allows the registries to conclude positively (with or without a myocardial infarction), negatively or that no conclusion can be drawn because of insufficient data. The aim of the present work is to analyze concordance between coronary deaths issuing from the two sources according to their definition, while taking into account, or not, multiple causes listed on the death certificates. MATERIAL and methods: In total, 4,664 deaths occurring in 2000 in the 35-64 year-old population of the three regions identified by the CépiDc were paired with the 812 deaths analyzed by the registries. The MONICA classification was compared with that of the CépiDC which used the ICD 10th Revision of the initial cause or after taking into account multiple causes. In each case, the concordance between the final classifications (coronary deaths or not) and the mortality ratio obtained from the two sources were computed. RESULTS and conclusions: Eight hundred and six deaths could be paired: 310 with a coronary cause according to the registries, 420 of presumed coronary cause but with insufficient data and 76 of non coronary origin. Whereas the total number of coronary deaths was similar for the two sources, their concordance was relatively low (kappa=0.61). However, when the deaths with insufficient data were included in the MONICA definition, concordance decreased and a large underestimation (59%) of the coronary mortality is given by the national statistics as compared to the registries. Taking into account multiple causes of death and not only the initial cause permitted partly to reduce this underestimation (42%) and to increase concordance (kappa from 0.46 to 0.51). These findings have important consequences for international comparisons concerning coronary disease. Indeed, the MONICA Project showed that the frequency of deaths with insufficient data was especially elevated in France leading to an underestimation of the coronary death rates provided by the national statistics in comparison with other countries, particularly in Europe.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Ducimetière
- INSERM Unité 258--IFR69, 16, avenue Paul-Vaillant-Couturier, 94807 Villejuif Cedex, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
30
|
Scragg S, Bingham A, Mallinson H. Should Chlamydia trachomatis confirmation make you cross? Performance of collection kits tested across three nucleic acid amplification test platforms. Sex Transm Infect 2006; 82:295-7. [PMID: 16877577 PMCID: PMC2564712 DOI: 10.1136/sti.2005.018614] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To investigate the feasibility of confirming initially reactive nucleic acid amplification assays for Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) by cross testing on a second molecular platform. The three platforms investigated were Aptima Combo 2 assay (AC2), Cobas Amplicor CT test (PCR) and ProbeTec ET CT assay (SDA). METHODS Serial dilutions of a CT culture were prepared in 0.9% saline; used to prepare simulated swab samples for all three platforms, and tested as in the manufacturer's instructions. For the cross testing investigation, 1 ml of the simulated swab samples prepared in each of the three collection kits was transferred into the appropriate collection kit for the second platform. RESULTS AC2 demonstrated a higher analytical sensitivity than the SDA and PCR assays. Upon cross testing AC2 again demonstrated a superior performance to the SDA and PCR assays even when testing swab samples originally prepared in the SDA and PCR transport medium. The SDA assay was inhibited by the addition of transport medium from both the AC2 and PCR assays. CONCLUSION The analytical sensitivity of the three assays is not identical, therefore confirming initially reactive samples on a second platform may prove to be difficult. However, the higher sensitivity of the AC2 assay could allow its use as a confirmatory assay for reactive swab samples collected in the SDA and PCR transport medium.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S Scragg
- Clinical Microbiology and HPA collaborating Laboratory, University Hospital Aintree, Lower Lane, Fazakerley, Liverpool L9 7AL.
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
31
|
Danesh J, Lewington S, Thompson SG, Lowe GDO, Collins R, Kostis JB, Wilson AC, Folsom AR, Wu K, Benderly M, Goldbourt U, Willeit J, Kiechl S, Yarnell JWG, Sweetnam PM, Elwood PC, Cushman M, Psaty BM, Tracy RP, Tybjaerg-Hansen A, Haverkate F, de Maat MPM, Fowkes FGR, Lee AJ, Smith FB, Salomaa V, Harald K, Rasi R, Vahtera E, Jousilahti P, Pekkanen J, D'Agostino R, Kannel WB, Wilson PWF, Tofler G, Arocha-Piñango CL, Rodriguez-Larralde A, Nagy E, Mijares M, Espinosa R, Rodriquez-Roa E, Ryder E, Diez-Ewald MP, Campos G, Fernandez V, Torres E, Marchioli R, Valagussa F, Rosengren A, Wilhelmsen L, Lappas G, Eriksson H, Cremer P, Nagel D, Curb JD, Rodriguez B, Yano K, Salonen JT, Nyyssönen K, Tuomainen TP, Hedblad B, Lind P, Loewel H, Koenig W, Meade TW, Cooper JA, De Stavola B, Knottenbelt C, Miller GJ, Cooper JA, Bauer KA, Rosenberg RD, Sato S, Kitamura A, Naito Y, Palosuo T, Ducimetiere P, Amouyel P, Arveiler D, Evans AE, Ferrieres J, Juhan-Vague I, Bingham A, Schulte H, Assmann G, Cantin B, Lamarche B, Després JP, Dagenais GR, Tunstall-Pedoe H, Woodward M, Ben-Shlomo Y, Davey Smith G, Palmieri V, Yeh JL, Rudnicka A, Ridker P, Rodeghiero F, Tosetto A, Shepherd J, Ford I, Robertson M, Brunner E, Shipley M, Feskens EJM, Kromhout D, Dickinson A, Ireland B, Juzwishin K, Kaptoge S, Lewington S, Memon A, Sarwar N, Walker M, Wheeler J, White I, Wood A. Plasma fibrinogen level and the risk of major cardiovascular diseases and nonvascular mortality: an individual participant meta-analysis. JAMA 2005; 294:1799-809. [PMID: 16219884 DOI: 10.1001/jama.294.14.1799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 460] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022]
Abstract
CONTEXT Plasma fibrinogen levels may be associated with the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke. OBJECTIVE To assess the relationships of fibrinogen levels with risk of major vascular and with risk of nonvascular outcomes based on individual participant data. DATA SOURCES Relevant studies were identified by computer-assisted searches, hand searches of reference lists, and personal communication with relevant investigators. STUDY SELECTION All identified prospective studies were included with information available on baseline fibrinogen levels and details of subsequent major vascular morbidity and/or cause-specific mortality during at least 1 year of follow-up. Studies were excluded if they recruited participants on the basis of having had a previous history of cardiovascular disease; participants with known preexisting CHD or stroke were excluded. DATA EXTRACTION Individual records were provided on each of 154,211 participants in 31 prospective studies. During 1.38 million person-years of follow-up, there were 6944 first nonfatal myocardial infarctions or stroke events and 13,210 deaths. Cause-specific mortality was generally available. Analyses involved proportional hazards modeling with adjustment for confounding by known cardiovascular risk factors and for regression dilution bias. DATA SYNTHESIS Within each age group considered (40-59, 60-69, and > or =70 years), there was an approximately log-linear association with usual fibrinogen level for the risk of any CHD, any stroke, other vascular (eg, non-CHD, nonstroke) mortality, and nonvascular mortality. There was no evidence of a threshold within the range of usual fibrinogen level studied at any age. The age- and sex- adjusted hazard ratio per 1-g/L increase in usual fibrinogen level for CHD was 2.42 (95% confidence interval [CI], 2.24-2.60); stroke, 2.06 (95% CI, 1.83-2.33); other vascular mortality, 2.76 (95% CI, 2.28-3.35); and nonvascular mortality, 2.03 (95% CI, 1.90-2.18). The hazard ratios for CHD and stroke were reduced to about 1.8 after further adjustment for measured values of several established vascular risk factors. In a subset of 7011 participants with available C-reactive protein values, the findings for CHD were essentially unchanged following additional adjustment for C-reactive protein. The associations of fibrinogen level with CHD or stroke did not differ substantially according to sex, smoking, blood pressure, blood lipid levels, or several features of study design. CONCLUSIONS In this large individual participant meta-analysis, moderately strong associations were found between usual plasma fibrinogen level and the risks of CHD, stroke, other vascular mortality, and nonvascular mortality in a wide range of circumstances in healthy middle-aged adults. Assessment of any causal relevance of elevated fibrinogen levels to disease requires additional research.
Collapse
|
32
|
|
33
|
Sherris J, Bingham A, Burns MA, Girvin S, Westley E, Gomez PI. Misoprostol use in developing countries: results from a multicountry study. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2005; 88:76-81. [PMID: 15617717 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2004.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2004] [Revised: 09/07/2004] [Accepted: 09/08/2004] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify information and service delivery needs for obstetric/gynecologic uses of misoprostol in developing countries. METHODS The study included a survey of reproductive health providers in 23 countries and a qualitative study of misoprostol use in four developing countries. Researchers used purposive sampling methods for the survey and qualitative study and conducted a descriptive statistical analysis of survey data and computer-assisted text-based content analysis of qualitative data. RESULTS In some developing countries, women frequently access misoprostol through pharmacies and self-medicate to induce early abortion. Some clinicians expressed concern about this use of misoprostol, but many stated that its availability had reduced serious complications resulting from unsafe abortions. CONCLUSION Although misoprostol is routinely used for a range of off-label obstetric/gynecologic indications, evidence-based, up-to-date information about safety, effectiveness, and appropriate regimens is not widely available. This information is requested by providers, including pharmacists. Women need information and guidance about its use.
Collapse
|
34
|
Empana JP, Sykes DH, Luc G, Juhan-Vague I, Arveiler D, Ferrieres J, Amouyel P, Bingham A, Montaye M, Ruidavets JB, Haas B, Evans A, Jouven X, Ducimetiere P. Contributions of Depressive Mood and Circulating Inflammatory Markers to Coronary Heart Disease in Healthy European Men. Circulation 2005; 111:2299-305. [PMID: 15867179 DOI: 10.1161/01.cir.0000164203.54111.ae] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background—
Data on the possible association between depressive disorders and inflammatory markers are scarce and inconsistent. We investigated whether subjects with depressive mood had higher levels of a wide range of inflammatory markers involved in coronary heart disease (CHD) incidence and examined the contribution of these inflammatory markers and depressive mood to CHD outcome.
Methods and Results—
We built a nested case-referent study within the Prospective Epidemiological Study of Myocardial Infarction (PRIME) study of healthy middle-aged men from Belfast and France. We considered the baseline plasma sample from 335 future cases (angina pectoris, nonfatal myocardial infarction, coronary death) and 670 matched controls (2 controls per case). Depressive mood characterized men whose baseline depression score (13-item modification of the Welsh depression subscale) was in the fourth quartile (mean score, 5.75; range, 4 to 12). On average, men with depressive mood had 46%, 16%, and 10% higher C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 levels, respectively, independently of case-control status, social characteristics, and classic cardiovascular risk factors; no statistical difference was found for fibrinogen. The odds ratios of depressive mood for CHD were 1.35 (95% CI, 1.05 to 1.73) in univariate analysis and 1.50 (95% CI, 1.04 to 2.15) after adjustment for social characteristics and classic cardiovascular risk factors. The latter odds ratio remained unchanged when each inflammatory marker was added separately, and in this analysis, each inflammatory marker contributed significantly to CHD event risk.
Conclusions—
These data support an association of depressive mood with inflammatory markers and suggest that depressive mood is related to CHD even after adjustment for these inflammatory markers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J P Empana
- INSERM Avenir, Epidemiology of Sudden Death in the Population, Villejuif, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
35
|
Agurto I, Arrossi S, White S, Coffey P, Dzuba I, Bingham A, Bradley J, Lewis R. Involving the community in cervical cancer prevention programs. Int J Gynaecol Obstet 2005; 89 Suppl 2:S38-45. [PMID: 15823265 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijgo.2005.01.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Underutilization of cervical cancer prevention services by women in the high-risk age group of 30-60 years can be attributed to health service factors (such as poor availability, poor accessibility, and poor quality of care provided), to women's lack of information, and to cultural and behavioral barriers. The Alliance for Cervical Cancer Prevention (ACCP) partners have been working to identify effective ways to increase women's voluntary participation in prevention programs by testing strategies of community involvement in developing countries. The ACCP experiences include developing community partnerships to listen to and learn from the community, thereby enhancing appropriateness of services; developing culturally appropriate messages and educational materials; making access to high-quality screening services easier; and identifying effective ways to encourage women and their partners to complete diagnosis and treatment regimens. Cervical cancer prevention programs that use these strategies are more likely to increase demand, ensure follow-through for treatment, and ultimately reduce disease burden.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Agurto
- Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), 525 23rd Street, NW, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
36
|
Ferrières J, Ruidavets JB, Perret B, Dallongeville J, Arveiler D, Bingham A, Amouyel P, Haas B, Ducimetière P. [Prevalence of dyslipidaemias in a representative sample of the French population]. Arch Mal Coeur Vaiss 2005; 98:127-32. [PMID: 15787304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
Prevalence of dyslipidaemias in a representative sample of the French population Hypercholesterolaemia is a major factor of risk of coronary atherosclerosis. The prevalence of other types of dyslipidaemia in the general population remains poorly defined. This study was performed to measure the prevalence of various dyslipidaemias in the French population. A representative sample of 3508 men and women between the ages of 35 and 64 years was recruited by the "Multinational MONItoring of trends and determinants in CArdiovascular disease" centres of Lille, Strasbourg and Toulouse. We excluded 162 patients suffering from known cardiovascular disorders, and 409 individuals treated with lipid-lowering drugs. The prevalence of pure hypercholesterolaemia, defined as a total cholesterol concentration >6.2 mmol/l (2.4 g/l) and triglyceride concentration <2.3 mmol/l (2 g/l), was 30% (29-32%). The prevalence of HDL cholesterol concentration <1 mmol/l (0.4 g/l) in men, or <1.3 mmol/l (0.5 g/l) in women, was 12% (11-13%). The prevalence of mixed hyperlipidaemia, defined as a total cholesterol concentration >6.2 mmol/l (2.4 g/l) and triglyceride concentration >2.3 mmol/l (2 g/l) was 5% (4-6%). The prevalence of hypertriglyceridaemia, defined as a total cholesterol concentration <6.2 mmol/l (2.4 g/l) and triglyceride concentration >2.3 mmol/l (2 g/l) was 4% (3-5%). Low HDL cholesterol concentrations were associated with smoking, obesity, and absence of either regular physical exercise or alcohol consumption. This study confirmed the high prevalence of pure hypercholesterolaemia, and revealed an important prevalence of low HDL cholesterol concentration, which represents a major cardiovascular risk factor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Ferrières
- INSERM U558, Département d'Epidemiologie, Faculté de Médecine, Toulouse.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Yarnell J, Yu S, McCrum E, Arveiler D, Hass B, Dallongeville J, Montaye M, Amouyel P, Ferrières J, Ruidavets JB, Evans A, Bingham A, Ducimetière P. Education, socioeconomic and lifestyle factors, and risk of coronary heart disease: the PRIME Study. Int J Epidemiol 2004; 34:268-75. [PMID: 15319403 DOI: 10.1093/ije/dyh267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Socioeconomic differentials have been described in the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) but the extent to which these differentials are explained by lifestyle factors has been examined to a lesser degree. We have examined the contribution of socio-economic factors to risk of CHD in a large cohort study in France and Northern Ireland. METHODS In all, 10 593 men aged 50-59 years were examined between 1991 and 1994 in centres in Northern Ireland, Lille, Strasbourg, and Toulouse. Details were obtained for a number of socio-economic indicators from the men at the baseline examination. Men were also screened for evidence of CHD and followed annually by questionnaire for incident cases of coronary disease. Coronary events (coronary deaths, myocardial infarction, and angina) were documented by clinical records and were reviewed by an independent medical committee. RESULTS In all, 842 men (8%) showed some evidence of CHD at screening examination and these men were more likely to be living in poorer material circumstances, be unemployed, or have had less full-time education than men without CHD at screening in both France and Northern Ireland. These relationships persisted following adjustment for all known risk factors for CHD. Among men who were initially free of CHD there were clear socio-economic differentials (years of full-time education, unemployment, and educational level) in the distribution of several risk factors for CHD, notably smoking habit (which differs in France and Northern Ireland), systolic blood pressure, body mass index, and fibrinogen. Total cholesterol in contrast showed no socio-economic differential whilst those with a shorter period of full-time education and the unemployed tended to be high consumers of alcohol. In this cohort of men free of CHD at baseline few socio-economic indicators showed relationships with risk of CHD by 5 years of follow-up. Only years in full education, educational level, and unemployment status when adjusted only for age and country showed significant relationships with CHD risk, but these became non-significant following adjustment for major CHD risk factors. CONCLUSIONS Socio-economic differentials in long-term risk of CHD are apparent in both cohorts of men from France and Northern Ireland, particularly in men with evidence of CHD at baseline. Among men free of CHD at baseline, although there is strong evidence of socio-economic differentials in cardiovascular risk factors these do not contribute independently to risk of CHD at 5 years of follow-up in this large cohort of men from France and Northern Ireland.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Yarnell
- Belfast-MONICA, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
38
|
Ribet C, Zins M, Gueguen A, Bingham A, Goldberg M, Ducimetière P, Lang T. Mobilité socioprofessionnelle et consommations de tabac et d’alcool chez les hommes. ARCH MAL PROF ENVIRO 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/s1775-8785(04)93348-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
39
|
Ribet C, Zins M, Gueguen A, Bingham A, Goldberg M, Ducimetière P, Lang T. Occupational mobility and risk factors in working men: selection, causality or both? Results from the GAZEL study. J Epidemiol Community Health 2004; 57:901-6. [PMID: 14600118 PMCID: PMC1732330 DOI: 10.1136/jech.57.11.901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To explore the relation between risk factors (RF) and occupational mobility in working men. SETTING 20 000 volunteers working at the French National Electricity and Gas Company (GAZEL cohort). PARTICIPANTS Men aged 43 to 53 years in 1992. DESIGN Three designs were used for analysis. (1) The association between occupational mobility experienced before 1992 and RF reported at that date was analysed among 10 383 men. (2) The predictive role of RF on occupational mobility over 1992-1999 was studied in a subsample of 4715 men. (3) Reciprocally, occupational mobility in 1985-1992 was analysed in relation to RF changes over 1993-1999. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Self reported smoking status, excessive alcohol consumption, arterial hypertension, and overweight. Occupational mobility defined by any upward transition between senior executives and professionals/middle executives/employees, and workers. RESULTS (1) Cross sectionally, non-mobile men as their entry into the company had a higher risk of being smokers, excessive alcohol drinkers, and overweight in 1992 than mobile men. (2) Longitudinally, smokers and excessive alcohol drinkers in 1992 had a higher risk of non-mobility than, respectively, non-smokers and non-excessive alcohol drinkers. (3) Non-mobile men in 1985-1992 had a higher risk of becoming smokers, excessive alcohol drinkers, and hypertensive in 1993-1999 than upwardly mobile men. CONCLUSION These results suggest a complex relation between RF and occupational mobility. A high level of RF, particularly health behaviours, might account for a selection process reducing upward occupational mobility. In turn, a lack of upward occupational mobility might be associated with an increased incidence of RF.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Ribet
- INSERM U258, Villejuif, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
40
|
Dallongeville J, Cottel D, Arveiler D, Tauber JP, Bingham A, Wagner A, Fauvel J, Ferrières J, Ducimetière P, Amouyel P. The association of metabolic disorders with the metabolic syndrome is different in men and women. Ann Nutr Metab 2003; 48:43-50. [PMID: 14646340 DOI: 10.1159/000075304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2003] [Accepted: 05/15/2003] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Metabolic disorders depend on genetic, hormonal and environmental factors, whose relations may differ between genders. Therefore, we compared the contribution of metabolic disorders to the metabolic syndrome in women and men. METHODS To this end, we used a hierarchical classification statistical method to classify subjects into similarity groups according to clinical and biological parameters. Data were collected from 3,508 men and women aged 35-64 years, from a cardiovascular disease survey. RESULTS In both women and men, hierarchical classification identified a cluster corresponding to the metabolic syndrome representing 14 and 15% of the women's and men's sample, respectively. In women, elevated body weight (women's Z-score: 1.59 vs. men's Z-score: 1.29; p < 0.005), waist girth (1.62 vs. 1.30; p < 0.001) and low HDL cholesterol (-0.95 vs. -0.75; p < 0.05) were significantly larger contributors to the metabolic syndrome than in men. In contrast, systolic (0.59 vs. 0.95; p < 0.0001) and diastolic (0.55 vs. 0.99; p < 0.0001) blood pressure and apolipoprotein B (0.51 vs. 0.71; p < 0.0001) contributed significantly less in women than in men. Finally, insulin (n.s.), glucose (n.s.), triglycerides (n.s.) and LDL-cholesterol (n.s.) contributions were not different between genders. CONCLUSION These results are consistent with the concept that a clustering of metabolic disorders occurs frequently in both women and men. However, the contribution of several metabolic disorders to the metabolic syndrome is different in men and women. This finding supports the concept that different criteria are necessary to define the metabolic syndrome in women and men.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Dallongeville
- Service d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, INSERM U 508, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
41
|
Empana JP, Ducimetière P, Arveiler D, Ferrières J, Evans A, Ruidavets JB, Haas B, Yarnell J, Bingham A, Amouyel P, Dallongeville J. Are the Framingham and PROCAM coronary heart disease risk functions applicable to different European populations? The PRIME Study. Eur Heart J 2003; 24:1903-11. [PMID: 14585248 DOI: 10.1016/j.ehj.2003.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 173] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To assess whether the Framingham and PROCAM risk functions were applicable to men in Belfast and France. METHODS AND RESULTS We performed an external validation study within the PRIME (Prospective Epidemiological Study of Myocardial Infarction) cohort study. It comprised men recruited in Belfast (2399) and France (7359) who were aged 50 to 59 years, free of CHD at baseline (1991 to 1993) and followed over 5 years for CHD events (coronary death, myocardial infarction, angina pectoris). We compared the relative risks of CHD associated with the classic risk factors in PRIME with those in Framingham and PROCAM cohorts. We then compared the number of predicted and observed 5-year CHD events (calibration). Finally, we estimated the ability of the risk functions to separate high risk from low risk subjects (discrimination). The relative risk of CHD calculated for the various factors in the PRIME population were not statistically different from those published in the Framingham and PROCAM risk functions. The number of CHD events predicted by these risk functions however clearly overestimated those observed in Belfast and France. The two risk functions had a similar ability to separate high risk from low risk subjects in Belfast and France (c-statistic range: 0.61-0.68). CONCLUSION The Framingham and PROCAM risk functions should not be used to estimate the absolute CHD risk of middle-aged men in Belfast and France without any CHD history because of a clear overestimation. Specific population risk functions are needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J P Empana
- Lille MONICA Project, INSERM U508, Institut Pasteur de Lille, Lille, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
42
|
Marques-Vidal P, Ruidavets JB, Amouyel P, Ducimetière P, Arveiler D, Montaye M, Haas B, Bingham A, Ferrières J. Change in cardiovascular risk factors in France, 1985–1997. Eur J Epidemiol 2003; 19:25-32. [PMID: 15012019 DOI: 10.1023/b:ejep.0000013393.11132.e8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
The change in the main cardiovascular risk factors in France was assessed using the MONICA population surveys conducted in the Urban Community of Lille, Bas-Rhin and Haute-Garonne. Trends in obesity, tobacco smoking, hypertension, hypercholesterolaemia and self-reported diabetes were established for the first (1985-1988) and the last (1995-1997) survey. The results indicate that the prevalence of overweight and obesity remained stable in both genders; tobacco smoking decreased in men but increased in women. Prevalence of hypertension decreased, and preventive measures improved in both genders. Prevalence of hypercholesterolaemia remained stable, and preventive measures improved only in men. Prevalence of self-reported diabetes increased solely in women, and preventive measures improved in both genders. However, in 1995-1997 still 40% of the treated hypertensive and 30% of the treated hypercholesterolaemic subjects were not adequately controlled. We conclude that prevalence and prevention of the main cardiovascular risk factors have evolved favourably in France, but the management of hypercholesterolaemia and hypertension can still be improved.
Collapse
|
43
|
Sykes DH, Arveiler D, Salters CP, Ferrieres J, McCrum E, Amouyel P, Bingham A, Montaye M, Ruidavets JB, Haas B, Ducimetiere P, Evans AE. Psychosocial risk factors for heart disease in France and Northern Ireland: the Prospective Epidemiological Study of Myocardial Infarction (PRIME). Int J Epidemiol 2002; 31:1227-34. [PMID: 12540727 DOI: 10.1093/ije/31.6.1227] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND France has a substantially lower level of premature mortality from cardiovascular diseases (CVD) relative to its comparators. Compared with Northern Ireland, France has one-half the rate, despite having a similar cardiovascular risk profile to Northern Ireland. In this prospective longitudinal study the psychosocial risk hypothesis for CVD was tested. METHOD A cohort of 9758 men (7359 in France and 2399 in Northern Ireland) aged 50-59 years who were initially free of any CVD were recruited. At baseline the subjects completed a psychosocial questionnaire, measuring hostility, depression, social support, and the Type A behaviour pattern. At 5-years follow-up their clinical status was determined. RESULTS Multivariate analysis indicated that, contrary to prediction, France had a substantially more negative psychosocial risk profile than Northern Ireland. The psychosocial risk factors were not successful at predicting at 5-years follow-up the hard clinical endpoint of definite fatal/non-fatal myocardial infarction. In the case of the softer clinical endpoint, angina pectoris/unstable angina, only depression predicted outcome with a small effect size. CONCLUSION The findings provide little support for the psychosocial risk hypothesis. The psychosocial risk profile was more negative in France, the opposite of that predicted. The finding of a relationship between depression and angina may reflect a tendency for individuals who respond negatively on mood state to report more cardiac symptoms irrespective of physical disease state.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D H Sykes
- School of Psychology, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Queen's University, Belfast BT7 1NN, Northern Ireland
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
44
|
Brynskov J, Foegh P, Pedersen G, Ellervik C, Kirkegaard T, Bingham A, Saermark T. Tumour necrosis factor alpha converting enzyme (TACE) activity in the colonic mucosa of patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Gut 2002; 51:37-43. [PMID: 12077089 PMCID: PMC1773288 DOI: 10.1136/gut.51.1.37] [Citation(s) in RCA: 155] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Anti-tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) antibodies are effective in Crohn's disease and perhaps ulcerative colitis but antigenicity and the high cost have raised interest in other strategies to block TNF-alpha. These include the TNF-alpha converting enzyme (TACE) which releases soluble TNF-alpha from transmembrane pro-TNF-alpha. AIM To investigate whether TACE activity is present in human colonic mucosa. MATERIALS AND METHODS Detergent extracts of cell membranes from colonic biopsies were obtained from 12 controls and 28 patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Enzyme activity was measured by hydrolysis assays using pro-TNF-alpha or oligopeptide substrates spanning the known pro-TNF-alpha cleavage site at Ala(76)-Val(77). Cleavage products were identified by western blotting, high pressure liquid chromatography, or mass spectrometry. TACE protein was localised by immunohistochemistry and identified by western blotting of detergent extracts from purified lamina propria mononuclear cells (LPMNC) or epithelial cells. RESULTS Detergent extracts released TNF-alpha from pro-TNF-alpha and cleaved a model oligopeptide as predicted. Substrate hydrolysis was sensitive to known TACE/matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) inhibitors, but not trocade which has low activity against TACE. The median TACE level was increased in active ulcerative colitis (147 arbitrary units (AU)/mg; p<0.01) but not in Crohn's disease (81 AU/mg) compared with controls (79 AU/mg). Both the full length proform and the active form of TACE protein were expressed in LPMNC cells and epithelial cells. CONCLUSIONS Functional TACE activity is ubiquitously expressed in the human colon and increased in ulcerative colitis, raising interest in MMP inhibitors targeting TACE.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Brynskov
- Department of Medical Gastroenterology C, Herlev Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
45
|
Ribet C, Lang T, Zins M, Bingham A, Ferrières J, Arveiler D, Amouyel P, Bonenfant S, Chastang JF, Goldberg M, Ducimetière P. Do cardiovascular risk factors in men depend on their spouses' occupational category? Eur J Epidemiol 2002; 17:347-56. [PMID: 11767960 DOI: 10.1023/a:1012709700189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To analyse the relationships between major cardiovascular risk factors in French men and their spouses' occupational category (OC), taking their own OC into account. DESIGN A large sample of volunteers working in the French National Electricity and Gas Company (GAZEL). As a check of the robustness, the same analysis was performed in a population-based survey (French multinational MONItoring of trends and determinants in CArdiovascular disease (MONICA) registers). SETTING Any site of the company in France. Representative sample from the population of the three registers (Lille, Strasbourg, Toulouse). PARTICIPANTS 9486 and 534 men respectively, in working activity, living in couple and aged 40 to 50 years. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Self-reported arterial hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia, leisure time sedentary lifestyle, smoking status, body mass index (BMI) and alcohol consumption. RESULTS In the GAZEL study, diabetes, smoking status, and alcohol consumption in men were associated with their own OC. In contrast, spouses' OC was independently associated with men's hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, sedentary lifestyle, and BMI: men whose spouses were unoccupied or workers have higher risk factors levels. In the MONICA study, the results were mostly comparable, at least for hypercholesterolemia, sedentary lifestyle, smoking status and alcohol consumption. CONCLUSION Spouses' OC was independently associated with several cardiovascular risk factors in men. These results might indicate that socioeconomic status of the couple, and not only individual characteristics, should be taken into account for a better understanding of cardiovascular risk.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- C Ribet
- INSERM U258, Villejuif, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
46
|
Lawrence ASC, Bingham A, Capper CB, Hume K. The Penetration of Water and Aqueous Soap Solutions into Fatty Substances Containing One or Two Polar Groups. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/j100794a005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
47
|
Ruidavets JB, Ducimetière P, Arveiler D, Amouyel P, Bingham A, Wagner A, Cottel D, Perret B, Ferrières J. Types of alcoholic beverages and blood lipids in a French population. J Epidemiol Community Health 2002; 56:24-8. [PMID: 11801616 PMCID: PMC1732002 DOI: 10.1136/jech.56.1.24] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
STUDY OBJECTIVE Prospective studies have shown a consistent relation between alcohol consumption and decreasing incidence of coronary artery disease. The protective effect of alcohol could be mediated through increased levels of HDL cholesterol (HDL-c). The aim of this study was to examine the relation between blood lipid levels and the consumption of different types of alcoholic beverages among 1581 men and 1535 women. DESIGN Data from representative cross sectional surveys (1994-1997) in three different regions of France were used. The consumption of the different types of alcohol was quantified using a recall method according to a typical weekly consumption. MAIN RESULTS The median daily alcohol intake was 24 g for men and 4 g for women. After adjustment for confounders, total alcohol showed a positive and significant association with HDL-c and triglycerides (TG) in both sexes. In multivariate analysis, wine was positively associated with HDL-c. Beer was positively associated with HDL-c in men and with triglycerides in men and women. When taking drinking patterns into account, wine drinkers had higher HDL-c levels than non-wine drinkers. Differences became non-significant after adjustment for confounders and particularly for socioeconomic parameters. CONCLUSIONS In a French population sample, total alcohol was positively associated with HDL-c and triglycerides. The specific influence of any particular alcoholic beverage on blood lipids was not clearly demonstrated but wine preference found in a group with higher lifestyle standards was associated with a more favourable blood lipid profile.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J-B Ruidavets
- Department of Epidemiology, INSERM U558, Faculty of Medicine, Toulouse, France.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
48
|
Lascaux-Lefebvre V, Ruidavets JB, Arveiler D, Amouyel P, Haas B, Cottel D, Bingham A, Ducimetière P, Ferrières J. Influence of parental histories of cardiovascular risk factors on risk factor clusters in the offspring. Diabetes Metab 2001; 27:503-9. [PMID: 11547225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the effect of parental histories of cardiovascular risk factors on risk factor clusters (RFC) in representative samples from three French populations (MONICA centers of Lille, Strasbourg, Toulouse). MATERIAL AND METHODS In a representative cross-sectional study, we screened 1,291 males and 1,264 females, aged 35-64 years. Subjects were defined as RFC cases when they were affected by at least 2 disorders among, hypertension (systolic or diastolic blood pressure >=140/90 mmHg and/or antihypertensive drug), diabetes (physician-diagnosed diabetes and/or glycemia >=7.0 mmol/l and/or hypoglycemic drug), and dyslipidemia (triglycerides > 2.26 mmol/l and/or HDL-cholesterol<0.9 mmol/l in men and<1.2 mmol/l in women). Nineteen percent of the subjects were RFC cases. Parental histories of cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia) were positive if they were under 65. About 29% of the subjects had at least one parental history of risk factor. RESULTS After adjustment for sex, age, educational level, sedentary lifestyle, alcohol consumption, body mass index, LDL cholesterol and center, parental histories of cardiovascular risk factors were significantly associated with the RFC. One, two, or at least three parental histories were significantly associated with increased odds of being RFC cases (adjusted OR 1.39 95% CI [1.05-1.82], 2.90 95% CI [1.91-4.40], 2.93 95% CI [1.41-6.08]). Furthermore, a maternal-only history vs a paternal-only history of hypertension or diabetes was associated with strong odds of being an RFC case. CONCLUSION At least a single cardiovascular risk factor in parents was significantly associated with RFC in offspring, independently of environmental parameters.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V Lascaux-Lefebvre
- Department of Epidemiology, INSERM U558, Faculty of medicine, Toulouse, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
49
|
Marques-Vidal P, Montaye M, Haas B, Bingham A, Evans A, Juhan-Vague I, Ferrières J, Luc G, Amouyel P, Arveiler D, Yarnell J, Ruidavets JB, Scarabin PY, Ducimetière P. Relationships between alcoholic beverages and cardiovascular risk factor levels in middle-aged men, the PRIME Study. Prospective Epidemiological Study of Myocardial Infarction Study. Atherosclerosis 2001; 157:431-40. [PMID: 11472744 DOI: 10.1016/s0021-9150(00)00734-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
The relationships between alcoholic beverages and cardiovascular risk factors were assessed in 6730 men living in France or Northern Ireland. In France, all alcoholic beverages were significantly correlated with body mass index (BMI), systolic (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP), high density lipoprotein (HDL) parameters, PAI-1 and Factor VII, whereas only wine was negatively related with fibrinogen levels. After adjusting for center, age, BMI, educational level, smoking and marital status, wine had a lesser effect on blood pressure, triglyceride, apo B and LpE:B levels than beer. Wine was associated with lower fibrinogen levels and beer with higher PAI-1 activity levels independent of the amount of alcohol consumed. In Northern Ireland, wine was negatively correlated with BMI, triglycerides, LpE:B and fibrinogen, whereas beer was positively correlated with SBP and DBP, triglycerides, HDL, apoprotein A-I and fibrinogen. Multivariate analysis showed wine to be positively associated with HDL parameters, and negatively with fibrinogen levels. Wine was also associated with higher LpA-I levels and lower fibrinogen levels independent of the amount of alcohol consumed. We conclude that alcohol consumption is related to lipid, lipoprotein and haemostatic variables, but the magnitude of the relationships depends on the type of alcoholic beverage. Also, some effects might be related to non-alcoholic components.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Marques-Vidal
- INSERM U518, Faculté de Médecine Purpan, Département d'Epidémiologie, 1er ét., 37, Allées Jules Guesde, 31073 Toulouse Cedex, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
50
|
Wagner A, Simon C, Ducimetière P, Montaye M, Bongard V, Yarnell J, Bingham A, Hedelin G, Amouyel P, Ferrières J, Evans A, Arveiler D. Leisure-time physical activity and regular walking or cycling to work are associated with adiposity and 5 y weight gain in middle-aged men: the PRIME Study. Int J Obes (Lond) 2001; 25:940-8. [PMID: 11443490 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ijo.0801635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2000] [Revised: 11/17/2000] [Accepted: 12/13/2000] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine the influence of physical activity on body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (W) and body mass changes (DeltaBMI) in middle-aged men, with special regard to moderate-intensity activities. DESIGN Longitudinal study of adults who participated in the PRIME Study. SUBJECTS A cohort of 8865 men aged 50-59 y, free of coronary heart disease. MEASUREMENTS BMI and W at baseline, body mass changes over a 5 y period. Detailed baseline assessment of net energy expenditure due to physical activity (PAE) in the preceding year, according to category of activity, by means of the MOSPA Questionnaire. PAE was expressed in weekly metabolic equivalent scores (MET h/week). RESULTS After adjustment for confounders, the multiple regression analyses indicated that BMI, W and DeltaBMI were inversely associated with PAE spent in getting to work (P<10(-5), <10(-5) and 0.04, respectively) and practice of high-intensity (>or=6 MET) recreational activities (<0.01, <10(-5) and <0.01). Men who regularly spent more than 10 MET h/week in walking or cycling to work had a mean BMI, W and DeltaBMI respectively 0.3 kg/m(2), 1 cm and 0.06 kg/m(2) lower than those who did not expend energy in getting to work. In the subgroup of subjects who did not perform high-intensity activities, the level of recreational PAE was inversely associated with BMI and W but not with subsequent weight-gain. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that, in middle-aged men, physical activities of moderate-intensity, which are probably easier to promote than more vigorous activities and, in particular, a more current daily activity, walking or cycling to work, may have a favourable effect on body fat markers and body mass gain.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A Wagner
- Laboratoire d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique, Faculté de Médecine, Strasbourg, France
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|