18
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Aung T, Ozaki M, Lee MC, Schlötzer-Schrehardt U, Thorleifsson G, Mizoguchi T, Igo RP, Haripriya A, Williams SE, Astakhov YS, Orr AC, Burdon KP, Nakano S, Mori K, Abu-Amero K, Hauser M, Li Z, Prakadeeswari G, Bailey JNC, Cherecheanu AP, Kang JH, Nelson S, Hayashi K, Manabe SI, Kazama S, Zarnowski T, Inoue K, Irkec M, Coca-Prados M, Sugiyama K, Järvelä I, Schlottmann P, Lerner SF, Lamari H, Nilgün Y, Bikbov M, Park KH, Cha SC, Yamashiro K, Zenteno JC, Jonas JB, Kumar RS, Perera SA, Chan ASY, Kobakhidze N, George R, Vijaya L, Do T, Edward DP, de Juan Marcos L, Pakravan M, Moghimi S, Ideta R, Bach-Holm D, Kappelgaard P, Wirostko B, Thomas S, Gaston D, Bedard K, Greer WL, Yang Z, Chen X, Huang L, Sang J, Jia H, Jia L, Qiao C, Zhang H, Liu X, Zhao B, Wang YX, Xu L, Leruez S, Reynier P, Chichua G, Tabagari S, Uebe S, Zenkel M, Berner D, Mossböck G, Weisschuh N, Hoja U, Welge-Luessen UC, Mardin C, Founti P, Chatzikyriakidou A, Pappas T, Anastasopoulos E, Lambropoulos A, Ghosh A, Shetty R, Porporato N, Saravanan V, Venkatesh R, Shivkumar C, Kalpana N, Sarangapani S, Kanavi MR, Beni AN, Yazdani S, Lashay A, Naderifar H, Khatibi N, Fea A, Lavia C, Dallorto L, Rolle T, Frezzotti P, Paoli D, Salvi E, Manunta P, Mori Y, Miyata K, Higashide T, Chihara E, Ishiko S, Yoshida A, Yanagi M, Kiuchi Y, Ohashi T, Sakurai T, Sugimoto T, Chuman H, Aihara M, Inatani M, Miyake M, Gotoh N, Matsuda F, Yoshimura N, Ikeda Y, Ueno M, Sotozono C, Jeoung JW, Sagong M, Park KH, Ahn J, Cruz-Aguilar M, Ezzouhairi SM, Rafei A, Chong YF, Ng XY, Goh SR, Chen Y, Yong VHK, Khan MI, Olawoye OO, Ashaye AO, Ugbede I, Onakoya A, Kizor-Akaraiwe N, Teekhasaenee C, Suwan Y, Supakontanasan W, Okeke S, Uche NJ, Asimadu I, Ayub H, Akhtar F, Kosior-Jarecka E, Lukasik U, Lischinsky I, Castro V, Grossmann RP, Sunaric Megevand G, Roy S, Dervan E, Silke E, Rao A, Sahay P, Fornero P, Cuello O, Sivori D, Zompa T, Mills RA, Souzeau E, Mitchell P, Wang JJ, Hewitt AW, Coote M, Crowston JG, Astakhov SY, Akopov EL, Emelyanov A, Vysochinskaya V, Kazakbaeva G, Fayzrakhmanov R, Al-Obeidan SA, Owaidhah O, Aljasim LA, Chowbay B, Foo JN, Soh RQ, Sim KS, Xie Z, Cheong AWO, Mok SQ, Soo HM, Chen XY, Peh SQ, Heng KK, Husain R, Ho SL, Hillmer AM, Cheng CY, Escudero-Domínguez FA, González-Sarmiento R, Martinon-Torres F, Salas A, Pathanapitoon K, Hansapinyo L, Wanichwecharugruang B, Kitnarong N, Sakuntabhai A, Nguyn HX, Nguyn GTT, Nguyn TV, Zenz W, Binder A, Klobassa DS, Hibberd ML, Davila S, Herms S, Nöthen MM, Moebus S, Rautenbach RM, Ziskind A, Carmichael TR, Ramsay M, Álvarez L, García M, González-Iglesias H, Rodríguez-Calvo PP, Fernández-Vega Cueto L, Oguz Ç, Tamcelik N, Atalay E, Batu B, Aktas D, Kasım B, Wilson MR, Coleman AL, Liu Y, Challa P, Herndon L, Kuchtey RW, Kuchtey J, Curtin K, Chaya CJ, Crandall A, Zangwill LM, Wong TY, Nakano M, Kinoshita S, den Hollander AI, Vesti E, Fingert JH, Lee RK, Sit AJ, Shingleton BJ, Wang N, Cusi D, Qamar R, Kraft P, Pericak-Vance MA, Raychaudhuri S, Heegaard S, Kivelä T, Reis A, Kruse FE, Weinreb RN, Pasquale LR, Haines JL, Thorsteinsdottir U, Jonasson F, Allingham RR, Milea D, Ritch R, Kubota T, Tashiro K, Vithana EN, Micheal S, Topouzis F, Craig JE, Dubina M, Sundaresan P, Stefansson K, Wiggs JL, Pasutto F, Khor CC. Genetic association study of exfoliation syndrome identifies a protective rare variant at LOXL1 and five new susceptibility loci. Nat Genet 2017; 49:993-1004. [PMID: 28553957 DOI: 10.1038/ng.3875] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Exfoliation syndrome (XFS) is the most common known risk factor for secondary glaucoma and a major cause of blindness worldwide. Variants in two genes, LOXL1 and CACNA1A, have previously been associated with XFS. To further elucidate the genetic basis of XFS, we collected a global sample of XFS cases to refine the association at LOXL1, which previously showed inconsistent results across populations, and to identify new variants associated with XFS. We identified a rare protective allele at LOXL1 (p.Phe407, odds ratio (OR) = 25, P = 2.9 × 10-14) through deep resequencing of XFS cases and controls from nine countries. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) of XFS cases and controls from 24 countries followed by replication in 18 countries identified seven genome-wide significant loci (P < 5 × 10-8). We identified association signals at 13q12 (POMP), 11q23.3 (TMEM136), 6p21 (AGPAT1), 3p24 (RBMS3) and 5q23 (near SEMA6A). These findings provide biological insights into the pathology of XFS and highlight a potential role for naturally occurring rare LOXL1 variants in disease biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tin Aung
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore.,Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore.,Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mineo Ozaki
- Ozaki Eye Hospital, Hyuga, Miyazaki, Japan.,Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Mei Chin Lee
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore.,Academic Clinical Program for Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Office of Clinical and Academic Faculty Affairs, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore
| | - Ursula Schlötzer-Schrehardt
- Department of Ophthalmology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | | | | | - Robert P Igo
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | | | - Susan E Williams
- Division of Ophthalmology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Yury S Astakhov
- Department of Ophthalmology, Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Andrew C Orr
- Department of Ophthalmology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.,Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Kathryn P Burdon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.,Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia
| | - Satoko Nakano
- Department of Ophthalmology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | - Kazuhiko Mori
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Khaled Abu-Amero
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, University of Florida, Jacksonville, Florida, USA
| | - Michael Hauser
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore.,Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Eye Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.,Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Zheng Li
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Jessica N Cooke Bailey
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Alina Popa Cherecheanu
- 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Bucharest, Romania.,Department of Ophthalmology, University Emergency Hospital, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Jae H Kang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Sarah Nelson
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA
| | | | | | | | - Tomasz Zarnowski
- Department of Diagnostics and Microsurgery of Glaucoma, Medical University, Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Murat Irkec
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Miguel Coca-Prados
- Fernández-Vega University Institute and Foundation of Ophthalmological Research, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.,Fernández-Vega Ophthalmological Institute, Oviedo, Spain.,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Kazuhisa Sugiyama
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
| | - Irma Järvelä
- Department of Medical Genetics, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | | | - S Fabian Lerner
- Fundación para el Estudio del Glaucoma, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Hasnaa Lamari
- Clinique Spécialisée en Ophtalmologie Mohammedia, Mohammedia, Morocco
| | - Yildirim Nilgün
- Department of Ophthalmology, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Meselik, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | | | - Ki Ho Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Soon Cheol Cha
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Kenji Yamashiro
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Ophthalmology, Otsu Red Cross Hospital, Otsu, Japan
| | - Juan C Zenteno
- Genetics Department, Institute of Ophthalmology 'Conde de Valenciana', Mexico City, Mexico.,Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Medicine, UNAM, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Jost B Jonas
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Faculty Mannheim of the Ruprecht Karls University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany.,Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | | | - Shamira A Perera
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore.,Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore
| | - Anita S Y Chan
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore.,Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore.,Academic Clinical Program for Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Office of Clinical and Academic Faculty Affairs, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore
| | | | - Ronnie George
- Jadhavbhai Nathamal Singhvi Department of Glaucoma, Medical Research Foundation, Chennai, India
| | - Lingam Vijaya
- Jadhavbhai Nathamal Singhvi Department of Glaucoma, Medical Research Foundation, Chennai, India
| | - Tan Do
- Vietnam National Institute of Ophthalmology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Deepak P Edward
- King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Illinois Eye and Ear Infirmary, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Lourdes de Juan Marcos
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.,Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Mohammad Pakravan
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sasan Moghimi
- Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University Eye Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | | | | | - Barbara Wirostko
- John A. Moran Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Samuel Thomas
- John A. Moran Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Daniel Gaston
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Karen Bedard
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Wenda L Greer
- Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - Zhenglin Yang
- Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory for Human Disease Gene Study, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.,School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Xueyi Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, Urumchi, China
| | - Lulin Huang
- Center for Human Molecular Biology and Genetics, Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences and Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, Chengdu, China.,Sichuan Translational Research Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chengdu, China
| | - Jinghong Sang
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyan Jia
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Liyun Jia
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunyan Qiao
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Zhang
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Xuyang Liu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Shenzhen Eye Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Bowen Zhao
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Ya-Xing Wang
- Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Xu
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing, China
| | - Stéphanie Leruez
- Département d'Ophtalmologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Angers, France
| | - Pascal Reynier
- Département de Biochimie et Génétique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Angers, France
| | | | | | - Steffen Uebe
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Matthias Zenkel
- Department of Ophthalmology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Daniel Berner
- Department of Ophthalmology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Georg Mossböck
- Department of Ophthalmology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Nicole Weisschuh
- Institute for Ophthalmic Research, Centre for Ophthalmology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ursula Hoja
- Department of Ophthalmology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ulrich-Christoph Welge-Luessen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Christian Mardin
- Department of Ophthalmology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Panayiota Founti
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Anthi Chatzikyriakidou
- Laboratory of General Biology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Theofanis Pappas
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Eleftherios Anastasopoulos
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Alexandros Lambropoulos
- Laboratory of General Biology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Arkasubhra Ghosh
- GROW Research Laboratory, Narayana Nethralaya Foundation, Bangalore, India
| | - Rohit Shetty
- Narayana Nethralaya Eye Hospital, Bangalore, India
| | | | - Vijayan Saravanan
- Department of Genetics, Aravind Medical Research Foundation, Madurai, India
| | | | | | | | | | - Mozhgan R Kanavi
- Ocular Tissue Engineering Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afsaneh Naderi Beni
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahin Yazdani
- Ophthalmic Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Alireza Lashay
- Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University Eye Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Homa Naderifar
- Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University Eye Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nassim Khatibi
- Farabi Eye Hospital, Tehran University Eye Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Antonio Fea
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche, Università di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Carlo Lavia
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche, Università di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Laura Dallorto
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche, Università di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Teresa Rolle
- Dipartimento di Scienze Chirurgiche, Università di Torino, Turin, Italy
| | - Paolo Frezzotti
- Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Medicine, Surgery and Neuroscience, University of Siena, Siena, Italy
| | - Daniela Paoli
- Department of Ophthalmology, Monfalcone Hospital, Gorizia, Italy
| | - Erika Salvi
- Department of Health Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Paolo Manunta
- Department of Nephrology, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Tomomi Higashide
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa, Japan
| | | | - Satoshi Ishiko
- Department of Medicine and Engineering Combined Research Institute, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Akitoshi Yoshida
- Department of Ophthalmology, Asahikawa Medical University, Asahikawa, Japan
| | - Masahide Yanagi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | - Yoshiaki Kiuchi
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan
| | | | | | - Takako Sugimoto
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Hideki Chuman
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan
| | - Makoto Aihara
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaru Inatani
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical Science, University of Fukui, Fukui, Japan
| | - Masahiro Miyake
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Norimoto Gotoh
- Center for Genomic Medicine, INSERM U852, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Fumihiko Matsuda
- Center for Genomic Medicine, INSERM U852, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Nagahisa Yoshimura
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Tazuke Kofukai Foundation, Medical Research Institute, Kitano Hospital, Osaka, Japan
| | - Yoko Ikeda
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Morio Ueno
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Chie Sotozono
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Jin Wook Jeoung
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Min Sagong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Kyu Hyung Park
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Gyeonggi, Republic of Korea
| | - Jeeyun Ahn
- Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul Metropolitan Government Seoul National University Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Marisa Cruz-Aguilar
- Genetics Department, Institute of Ophthalmology 'Conde de Valenciana', Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Sidi M Ezzouhairi
- Clinique Spécialisée en Ophtalmologie Mohammedia, Mohammedia, Morocco
| | | | | | - Xiao Yu Ng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore
| | | | | | | | - Muhammad Imran Khan
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Olusola O Olawoye
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.,Department of Ophthalmology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | - Adeyinka O Ashaye
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.,Department of Ophthalmology, University College Hospital, Ibadan, Nigeria
| | | | - Adeola Onakoya
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Lagos, Lagos, Nigeria.,Guinness Eye Centre, Lagos University Teaching Hospital, Lagos, Nigeria
| | - Nkiru Kizor-Akaraiwe
- Department of Ophthalmology, ESUT Teaching Hospital Parklane, Enugu, Nigeria.,Eye Specialists Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Chaiwat Teekhasaenee
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yanin Suwan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Wasu Supakontanasan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Ramathibodi Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Suhanya Okeke
- Department of Ophthalmology, ESUT Teaching Hospital Parklane, Enugu, Nigeria.,Eye Specialists Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Nkechi J Uche
- Eye Specialists Hospital, Enugu, Nigeria.,Department of Ophthalmology, University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Ituku-Ozalla, Enugu, Nigeria.,Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, University of Nigeria, Nsukka, Ituku Ozalla Campus, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Ifeoma Asimadu
- Department of Ophthalmology, ESUT Teaching Hospital Parklane, Enugu, Nigeria
| | - Humaira Ayub
- Department of Environmental Sciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Abbottabad, Pakistan
| | - Farah Akhtar
- Pakistan Institute of Ophthalmology, Al-Shifa Trust Eye Hospital, Rawalpindi, Pakistan
| | - Ewa Kosior-Jarecka
- Department of Diagnostics and Microsurgery of Glaucoma, Medical University, Lublin, Poland
| | - Urszula Lukasik
- Department of Diagnostics and Microsurgery of Glaucoma, Medical University, Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Vania Castro
- Universidad Peruana Cayetano Heredia, Hospital Nacional Arzobispo Loayza, Lima, Peru
| | | | - Gordana Sunaric Megevand
- Clinical Research Centre Adolphe de Rothschild, Société Médicale de Beaulieu, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Sylvain Roy
- Clinical Research Centre Adolphe de Rothschild, Société Médicale de Beaulieu, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Edward Dervan
- Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Eoin Silke
- Mater Misericordiae University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Aparna Rao
- Shri Mithu Tulsi, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, India
| | - Priti Sahay
- Shri Mithu Tulsi, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Bhubaneswar, India
| | | | | | - Delia Sivori
- Fundación para el Estudio del Glaucoma, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Tamara Zompa
- Centro Oftalmologico Charles, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Richard A Mills
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Emmanuelle Souzeau
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Paul Mitchell
- Centre for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Jie Jin Wang
- Centre for Vision Research, Department of Ophthalmology and Westmead Institute for Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Alex W Hewitt
- Menzies Institute for Medical Research, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.,Centre for Eye Research Australia (CERA), University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Michael Coote
- Centre for Eye Research Australia (CERA), University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Jonathan G Crowston
- Centre for Eye Research Australia (CERA), University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Sergei Y Astakhov
- Department of Ophthalmology, Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Eugeny L Akopov
- Department of Ophthalmology, Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anton Emelyanov
- Department of Ophthalmology, Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russia.,St. Petersburg Academic University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | | | | | | | - Saleh A Al-Obeidan
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ohoud Owaidhah
- King Khaled Eye Specialist Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Balram Chowbay
- Clinical Pharmacology, SingHealth, Singapore.,Clinical Pharmacology Laboratory, National Cancer Centre, Singapore.,Office of Clinical Sciences, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore
| | - Jia Nee Foo
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
| | | | | | | | | | - Shi Qi Mok
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | - Su Qin Peh
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | | | - Su-Ling Ho
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore
| | | | - Ching-Yu Cheng
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore.,Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore.,Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.,Academic Clinical Program for Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Office of Clinical and Academic Faculty Affairs, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore
| | | | - Rogelio González-Sarmiento
- Institute for Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL), Salamanca, Spain.,Molecular Medicine Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
| | - Frederico Martinon-Torres
- Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,GENVIP Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Antonio Salas
- Unidade de Xenética, Departamento de Anatomía Patolóxica e Ciencias Forenses, Instituto de Ciencias Forenses, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Instituto de Ciencias Forenses, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - Kessara Pathanapitoon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | - Linda Hansapinyo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
| | | | - Naris Kitnarong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine, Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Anavaj Sakuntabhai
- Institut Pasteur, Functional Genetics of Infectious Diseases Unit, Department of Genomes and Genetics, Paris, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Unité de Recherche Associée 3012, Paris, France
| | - Hip X Nguyn
- Vietnam National Institute of Ophthalmology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | | | - Trình V Nguyn
- Vietnam National Institute of Ophthalmology, Hanoi, Vietnam
| | - Werner Zenz
- Department of General Pediatrics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Alexander Binder
- Department of General Pediatrics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Daniela S Klobassa
- Department of General Pediatrics, Medical University of Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Martin L Hibberd
- Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore.,Faculty of Infectious and Tropical Disease, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
| | | | - Stefan Herms
- Department of Genomics, Life &Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Department of Biomedicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.,Division of Medical Genetics, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Markus M Nöthen
- Department of Genomics, Life &Brain Center, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.,Institute of Human Genetics, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany
| | - Susanne Moebus
- Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology, University Hospital of Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Robyn M Rautenbach
- Division of Ophthalmology, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Ari Ziskind
- Division of Ophthalmology, Stellenbosch University and Tygerberg Hospital, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Trevor R Carmichael
- Division of Ophthalmology, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Michele Ramsay
- Sydney Brenner Institute for Molecular Bioscience, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Lydia Álvarez
- Fernández-Vega University Institute and Foundation of Ophthalmological Research, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.,Fernández-Vega Ophthalmological Institute, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Montserrat García
- Fernández-Vega University Institute and Foundation of Ophthalmological Research, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.,Fernández-Vega Ophthalmological Institute, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Héctor González-Iglesias
- Fernández-Vega University Institute and Foundation of Ophthalmological Research, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.,Fernández-Vega Ophthalmological Institute, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Pedro P Rodríguez-Calvo
- Fernández-Vega University Institute and Foundation of Ophthalmological Research, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.,Fernández-Vega Ophthalmological Institute, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Luis Fernández-Vega Cueto
- Fernández-Vega University Institute and Foundation of Ophthalmological Research, University of Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.,Fernández-Vega Ophthalmological Institute, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Çilingir Oguz
- Department of Genetics, Eskisehir Osmangazi University, Meselik, Eskisehir, Turkey
| | - Nevbahar Tamcelik
- Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Eray Atalay
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore.,Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Bilge Batu
- Istanbul University Cerrahpasa Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Dilek Aktas
- DAMAGEN Genetic Diagnostic Center, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Burcu Kasım
- Department of Ophthalmology, Hacettepe University, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey
| | - M Roy Wilson
- School of Medicine, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA
| | - Anne L Coleman
- Center for Community Outreach and Policy, Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA
| | - Yutao Liu
- Department of Cellular Biology and Anatomy, Center for Biotechnology and Genomic Medicine, James and Jean Culver Discovery Institute, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia, USA
| | - Pratap Challa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Eye Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Leon Herndon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Eye Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Rachel W Kuchtey
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - John Kuchtey
- Vanderbilt Eye Institute, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA
| | - Karen Curtin
- John A. Moran Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Craig J Chaya
- John A. Moran Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Alan Crandall
- John A. Moran Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Linda M Zangwill
- Hamilton Glaucoma Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Shiley Eye Institute, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Tien Yin Wong
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore.,Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore.,Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Masakazu Nakano
- Department of Genomic Medical Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Shigeru Kinoshita
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.,Department of Frontier Medical Science and Technology for Ophthalmology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Anneke I den Hollander
- Department of Human Genetics, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.,Department of Ophthalmology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Eija Vesti
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland
| | - John H Fingert
- Institute for Vision Research, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa, USA
| | - Richard K Lee
- Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Arthur J Sit
- Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
| | | | - Ningli Wang
- Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Laboratory, Beijing, China.,Beijing Institute of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Daniele Cusi
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Italian National Research Centre (ITB-CNR), Segrate-Milano, Italy
| | - Raheel Qamar
- Department of Biosciences, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan.,Department of Biochemistry, Al-Nafees Medical College and Hospital, Isra University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Peter Kraft
- Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Margaret A Pericak-Vance
- John P. Hussman Institute for Human Genomics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA
| | - Soumya Raychaudhuri
- Divisions of Genetics and Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Partners Center for Personalized Genetic Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Program in Medical and Population Genetics, Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.,Institute of Inflammation and Repair, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.,Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet and Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Steffen Heegaard
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.,Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, Eye Pathology Section, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Tero Kivelä
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland
| | - André Reis
- David Tvildiani Medical University, Tbilisi, Georgia
| | - Friedrich E Kruse
- Department of Ophthalmology, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Robert N Weinreb
- Hamilton Glaucoma Center, Department of Ophthalmology and Shiley Eye Institute, University of California, San Diego, San Diego, California, USA
| | - Louis R Pasquale
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.,Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Jonathan L Haines
- Department of Population and Quantitative Health Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.,Institute of Computational Biology, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio, USA
| | - Unnur Thorsteinsdottir
- deCODE Genetics, Reykjavik, Iceland.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Fridbert Jonasson
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland.,Department of Ophthalmology, Landspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - R Rand Allingham
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore.,Department of Ophthalmology, Duke University Eye Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA
| | - Dan Milea
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore.,Singapore National Eye Center, Singapore.,Academic Clinical Program for Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Office of Clinical and Academic Faculty Affairs, Duke-NUS Graduate Medical School, Singapore
| | - Robert Ritch
- Einhorn Clinical Research Center, New York Eye and Ear Infirmary of Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA
| | - Toshiaki Kubota
- Department of Ophthalmology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| | - Kei Tashiro
- Department of Genomic Medical Sciences, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Eranga N Vithana
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore.,Department of Ophthalmology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shazia Micheal
- Department of Ophthalmology, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, the Netherlands
| | - Fotis Topouzis
- Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Jamie E Craig
- Department of Ophthalmology, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Michael Dubina
- Department of Ophthalmology, Pavlov First Saint Petersburg State Medical University, St. Petersburg, Russia.,St. Petersburg Academic University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Periasamy Sundaresan
- Dr. G.Venkataswamy Eye Research Institute, Aravind Medical Research Foundation, Aravind Eye Hospital, Madurai, India
| | - Kari Stefansson
- deCODE Genetics, Reykjavik, Iceland.,Faculty of Medicine, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland
| | - Janey L Wiggs
- Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
| | - Francesca Pasutto
- Institute of Human Genetics, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Chiea Chuen Khor
- Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore.,Genome Institute of Singapore, Singapore.,Department of Biochemistry, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore
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